| western equine encephalitis virus is a recombinant virus. | the alphaviruses are a group of 26 mosquito-borne viruses that cause a variety of human diseases. many of the new world alphaviruses cause encephalitis, whereas the old world viruses more typically cause fever, rash, and arthralgia. the genome is a single-stranded nonsegmented rna molecule of + polarity; it is about 11,700 nucleotides in length. several alphavirus genomes have been sequenced in whole or in part, and these sequences demonstrate that alpha-viruses have descended from a common ance ... | 1988 | 3413072 |
| association of a sindbis-like virus with ockelbo disease in sweden. | an alphavirus isolated from culiseta mosquitoes has been associated with ockelbo disease, an exanthema arthralgia syndrome occurring in sweden. the isolate was made from mosquitoes collected in edsbyn (central sweden), an area with considerable ockelbo disease morbidity. this isolate proved to be indistinguishable from sindbis virus by complement-fixation and hemagglutination-inhibition tests, and was antigenically related to sindbis in plaque reduction neutralization tests. patients with ockelb ... | 1984 | 6150655 |
| aura virus is a new world representative of sindbis-like viruses. | aura virus is an alphavirus present in brazil and argentina that is serologically related to sindbis virus (present throughout the old world) and to western equine encephalitis (wee) virus (present in the americas). we have previously shown that wee is a recombinant virus whose glycoproteins and part of whose 3' nontranslated region (ntr) are derived from a sindbis-like virus, but the remainder of whose genome is derived from eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus. we show here that aura virus ... | 1995 | 7747434 |
| recombinational history and molecular evolution of western equine encephalomyelitis complex alphaviruses. | western equine encephalomyelitis (wee) virus (togaviridae: alphavirus) was shown previously to have arisen by recombination between eastern equine encephalomyelitis (eee)- and sindbis-like viruses (c. s. hahn, s. lustig, e. g. strauss, and j. h. strauss, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 85:5997-6001, 1988). we have now examined the recombinational history and evolution of all viruses belonging to the wee antigenic complex, including the buggy creek, fort morgan, highlands j, sindbis, babanki, ockelbo, ... | 1997 | 8985391 |
| seroepidemiology of california and bunyamwera serogroup (bunyaviridae) virus infections in native populations of alaska. | this study investigated the geographic distribution and prevalence of antibodies to california and bunyamwera serogroup viruses in native populations of alaska, and demographic and ecologic risk factors associated with exposure. sera (n = 1,635) from 18 communities were screened using an elisa. all age groups were tested for antibodies to jamestown canyon (jc), inkoo (ink), snowshoe hare (ssh), and northway (nor) viruses; persons > or = 45 years old (n = 90) from six communities were additionall ... | 1999 | 10344657 |
| isolation and complete nucleotide sequence of a chinese sindbis-like virus. | infection with alphaviruses is common in the chinese population. here we report the isolation of a sindbis-like virus from a pool of anopheles mosquitoes collected in xinjiang, china during an arbovirus survey. this virus, designated xj-160, rapidly produced cytopathic effects on mosquito and hamster cells. in addition, it was lethal to neonatal mice if inoculated intracerebrally. serologically, xj-160 reacted with and was neutralized by an anti-sindbis antibody. anti-xj-160 antibodies were foun ... | 2000 | 10769078 |
| [complete nucleotide sequence of the nonstructural gene of alphavirus yn87448 strain isolated in china and its relationship to other sindbis viruses]. | to determine the complete nucleotide sequence of the nonstructural gene of yn87448 virus stain which was firstly isolated from a female patient with fever in yunnan province in 1986, and identified as a member of alphavirus by the serological method. | 1999 | 12759966 |
| selection and characterization of packaging cell lines for xj-160 virus. | xj-160 virus is a mosquito-derived sindbis-like virus isolated in china. based on its infectious clone (pbr-xj-160) we have developed an rna-based vector system. in this work, we constructed packaging cell lines (pcls) for xj-160 virus. | 2009 | 19420962 |
| interaction of e2 glycoprotein with heparan sulfate is crucial for cellular infection of sindbis virus. | cell culture-adapted strains of sindbis virus (sinv) initially attach to cells by the ability to interact with heparan sulfate (hs) through selective mutation for positively charged amino acid (aa) scattered in e2 glycoprotein (w. b. klimstra, k. d. ryman, and r. e. johnston, j. virol. 72: 7357-7366, 1998). here we have further confirmed that interaction of e2 protein with hs is crucial for cellular infection of sinv based on the reverse genetic system of xj-160 virus, a sindbis-like virus (sinl ... | 2010 | 20300181 |
| amino acid substitutions in the e2 glycoprotein of sindbis-like virus xj-160 confer the ability to undergo heparan sulfate-dependent infection of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. | we have recently demonstrated an essential role of the domain of 145-150 amino acid in the e2 glycoprotein of sindbis virus in the interaction with cellular heparan sulfate (hs) and in the infection of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (mef) cells. in this study, we constructed and characterized the mutants of sindbis-like virus xj-160 in which tyr-146 and/or asn-149 in the e2 glycoprotein had been substituted with his and arg, respectively. unlike parental virus xj-160, mutants with either or both su ... | 2010 | 20836893 |
| glycoprotein is enough for sindbis virus-derived dna vector to express heterogenous genes. | abstract: to investigate the necessity and potential application of structural genes for expressing heterogenous genes from sindbis virus-derived vector, the dna-based expression vector pvaxj was constructed by placing the recombinant genome of sindbis-like virus xj-160 under the control of the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter of the plasmid pvax1, in which viral structural genes were replaced by a polylinker cassette to allow for insertion of heterologous genes. the defect helper plasmids p ... | 2011 | 21740598 |
| Research on basis of reverse genetics system of a Sindbis-like virus XJ-160. | ABSTRACT: As a Sindbis-like virus (SINLV), XJ-160 virus was isolated from a pooled sample of Anopheles mosquitoes collected in Xinjiang, China, in 1990. Recombinant plasmid pBR-XJ160 is an infectious full-length cDNA clone of XJ-160 virus, from which rescued virus BR-XJ160 can be obtained by transcription in vitro and transfection. The BR-XJ160 virus raised in BHK-21 cells was indistinguishable from the XJ-160 virus in its biological properties, including its plaque morphology, growth kinetics a ... | 2011 | 22082202 |
| induction of humoral and cellular immune responses against hepatitis c virus by vaccination with replicon particles derived from sindbis-like virus xj-160. | a replication-defective, recombinant sindbis virus vector was utilized in a novel immunization strategy to induce humoral and cellular responses against hepatitis c virus (hcv). the recombinant vector, pvaxj-e1e2, expressing the gene for hcv glycoproteins e2 and e1, was constructed by inserting the e1e2 gene into the replicon pvaxj, a dna vector derived from sindbis-like virus xj-160. the defective replicon particles, xj-e1e2, were produced by transfecting bhk-21(e+capsid) cells, the packaging c ... | 2013 | 23250650 |
| a substitution in nsp1 combined with a double substitution in e2 glycoprotein renders sindbis-like virus xj-160 fully neurovirulent for adult mice. | sindbis virus (sv) can be rendered neurovirulent for adult mice by a double substitution within the e2 glycoprotein, including replacing gln at position 55 of e2 with a his (e2-55: gln-his) and e2-70: glu to lys. however, the mutant sindbis-like virus xj-160 with the double substitution (br-e5570) does not show neurovirulence for adult mice, although the mutant apparently reduced the average survival time of neonatal mice. to produce an xj-160 virus neurovirulent for adult mice, the br-e5570 vir ... | 2015 | 25449361 |
| specific nucleotide changes in the subgenomic promoter region influence infectivity of the sindbis virus. | transcription of the subgenomic mrna of sindbis virus (sinv) is initiated at a subgenomic promoter (sp). alignment of sinv sequences identified a 68-nucleotide conserved domain spanning -19 to +49 relative to the subgenomic mrna start site. nucleotide t or c is present at -18 or +49 in all known sinvs while a sindbis-like virus xj-160 has an a or t at a corresponding position. our results indicate that deletion or substitution of the t at +49 decreased the activity of sp, while substituting t fo ... | 2013 | 23838061 |
| development of egfp/gluc-tagged sindbis-like virus xj-160. | based on an infectious clone of sindbis-like virus xj-160, recombinant vectors containing a reporter gene (enhanced green fluorescence protein [egfp] or gaussia luciferase [gluc]) were constructed by placing the reporter gene cassette containing the subgenomic promoter behind the 3' terminus of the viral structural protein gene. egfp/gluc-tagged sindbis-like viruses were rescued in bhk-21 cells transfected with transcripts produced from the recombinant vectors. egfp expression and strong lucifer ... | 2013 | 23403149 |
| strains of sindbis-like virus isolated from culicine mosquitoes in the union of south africa. i. isolation and properties. | | 1956 | 13351869 |