| [fluctuations in the level of cyclic amp and activities of adenylate cyclase and cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase in synchronous cultures of the prokaryote nocardia restricta (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 207351 |
| periodic cyclic amp uptake by synchronously grown cells of nocardia restricta and arthrobacter globiformis. | | 1978 | 212312 |
| [demonstration, kinetic study and solubilization of particular adenylate cyclase from nocardia restricta]. | an adenylate cyclase (ec r.6.1.1.) was found in cell-free extracts of several nocardia species. the enzyme from nocardia restricta has been specially studied. it is a membrane enzyme which exhibits a strong specific activity, one hundred times greater than that of mammals. it has an optimal ph of 8.5 in tris buffer and an absolute requirement for divalent ions, mg++ or mn++ (mn++ ions are the most efficient). the kinetic properties of this adenylate cyclase are similar to those that could be exp ... | 1978 | 647069 |
| [synchronous growth in liquid medium of species related to "mycobacterium rhodochrous": "nocardia restricta" and "jensenia canicruria" (author's transl)]. | the synchronous development of nocardioform and coryneform populations had not yet been studied. we have observed that it is possible to obtain a synchronous growth of nocardia restricta and jensenia canicruria (species related to mycobacterium rhodochrous) in a liquid synthetic medium by inoculating the medium with spherical cells taken during the advanced stationary phase, at the end of the cell division cycle. good synchrony produces a series of breaks in the slope of culture absorbance and o ... | 1978 | 666214 |
| purification and characterization of ceqi restriction endonuclease. | ceqi, a type ii restriction endonuclease, an isoschizomer of ecorv was purified to apparent homogeneity by a combination of salt precipitation, ion exchange, dye affinity and hydrophobic interaction chromatographies. the crude enzyme was present in the form of large aggregates that could be pelleted by high speed centrifugation. the enzyme was not associated with cellular membranes, though non-ionic detergents lowered the apparent size of the aggregates. the purified enzyme also showed a tendenc ... | 1992 | 1285828 |
| role of t-lymphocyte subsets in rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium, can induce life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those with aids. we have studied the mechanism of acquired immunity to this pathogen in a murine model. protective immunity was induced by live but not killed bacteria. adoptive transfer of resistance was obtained with spleen cells but not immune serum from mice immunized intravenously 30 days earlier with live bacteria. in normal mice, an intrav ... | 1992 | 1351881 |
| identification and epidemiological typing of clinical and environmental isolates of the genus rhodococcus with use of a digoxigenin-labeled rdna gene probe. | rhodococcus species are ubiquitous in the environment, and several species have been reported to have pathogenic potential for humans. rhodococcus equi, in particular, has been reported to cause infections in patients with aids. however, the identification of rhodococcus species with use of conventional biochemical tests is problematic, and no simple and reproducible method exists for their rapid identification and differentiation. we found that the type strains of the 20 recognized species in t ... | 1992 | 1381620 |
| [lung abscess caused by rhodococcus equi in hiv infection: two cases]. | | 1992 | 1387945 |
| [two particular aspects of rhodococcus equi infection: malacoplakia and acquisition of resistance to antibiotics]. | | 1992 | 1387946 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection causing pulmonary malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome]. | rhodococcus equi is a pathogen for some animal species. it can cause opportunistic pulmonary infections in immunocompromised people. the authors describe such an infection that causes malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the likeness between lesions due to rhodococcus equi and those due to other opportunistic germs as mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is emphasized. | 1992 | 1388363 |
| serological survey of rhodococcus equi infection in horses in hokkaido. | serological survey of rhodococcus equi infection in horses in hokkaido was performed using elisa. of 2,879 horse sera, 318 (11.0%) gave antibody-positive (od greater than or equal to 0.3) reactions. the antibody-positive rate of female was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that of male, and no statistical difference between anglo-arab and thoroughbred was detected in the antibody-positive rate. the maximum antibody-positive rate (27.1%) was shown at 14 years of age. the antibody-posit ... | 1992 | 1391174 |
| distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of rhodococcus equi from clinical specimens. | rhodococcus equi, an unusual gram positive aerobic actinomycete, was first described as a respiratory pathogen of livestock in 1923. reports of human clinical illness have emphasized r. equi as a cause of invasive pulmonary infection in severely immunocompromised patients and, recently, have implicated it as a cause of pneumonia, bacteremia and disseminated infection in hiv-infected patients. to determine the distribution of r. equi we evaluated 107 isolates referred to the centers for disease c ... | 1992 | 1397208 |
| therapy of rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative, intracellular, gram-positive coccobacillus increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. however, the optimal drug regimen for treating r. equi pulmonary or systemic infections is not yet known. therefore, a model of intravenously infected nude mice with disseminated infection was created to study the efficacy of antibiotics alone or in combination as determined by the reduction of bacterial cfu per gram i ... | 1992 | 1416823 |
| good response to antibiotic treatment of lung infection due to rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1992 | 1420703 |
| successful medical therapy of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with hiv infection. | a 34-year-old hiv-infected man was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone for rhodococcus equi pneumonia and has survived longer than six months. in the current literature, only two of seven hiv-infected patients so treated have survived as long as six months. based on our experience and the available literature, it seems reasonable to treat hiv-infected patients with r equi pneumonia who do not require surgical intervention with prolonged intravenous therapy followed by long-term ... | 1992 | 1424910 |
| rhodococcus equi cavitary pneumonia in hiv-infected patients: an unsuspected opportunistic pathogen. | two patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and with no previous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining conditions developed cavitary pneumonia and pleural disease caused by rhodococcus equi. r. equi was isolated from these patients' sputum and lung biopsy specimens, respectively, but the microorganism was initially considered to be a contaminant (patient 1) or misidentified as a nontuberculous mycobacterium (patient 2). the r. equi infection was fatal in one patient, w ... | 1992 | 1453322 |
| [the first isolation of dermatophilus congolensis van saceghem 1913 in czechoslovakia]. | the authors present a report on the first detection of the strain dermatophilus congolensis in czechoslovakia. the strain was isolated from ulcerations on the dorsal part of the foot of a 47-year-old patient who previously worked for several years in libya. based on examinations of smears from cultures of an isolated strain and four strains from a collection, from experimental dermatofilosis of a rabbit the authors describe the micromorphology of strains of d. congolensis under a light and elect ... | 1992 | 1464078 |
| influence of inoculation route on virulence of rhodococcus equi in mice. | virulence of r. equi atcc 33701 was compared by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) routes in mice. strain atcc 33701 was more virulent by the i.v. than the i.p. route. the ld50 of strain atcc 33701 by either route correlated with the initial number of bacteria in the liver and spleen at day 0. | 1992 | 1474937 |
| [rhodococcus equi infections in aids: personal cases]. | we report on the occurrence of an uncommon pathogen, rhodococcus equi (r.e.) in hiv infection. in the period february 1990-july 1991 we performed the diagnosis of r.e. infection (lung, lung-central nervous system) in two infected patients, aged 27 and 31 years, both males, drug addicts, classified as cdc iv. in the first of them an cavitating right bronchopneumonia (bpm) was diagnosed as of tuberculous origin, on the ground of the microscopic demonstration of an acid-fast, gram-positive strain i ... | 1992 | 1491893 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi infection initially presenting as foot mycetoma in an hiv-positive patient. | | 1992 | 1503695 |
| [rhodococcus equi pneumonia: 1st opportunistic manifestation in a patient infected with hiv-1]. | | 1992 | 1524356 |
| pulmonary abscess due to a rifampin and fluoroquinolone resistant rhodococcus equi strain in a hiv infected patient. | | 1992 | 1526243 |
| analysis of the immunodominant antigens of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. | antibodies to seven antigens in a whole cell lysate of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ranging in molecular mass from 22 to 120 kilodaltons (kda) were present in sera of 40 sheep and goats infected with c. pseudotuberculosis. three antigens of about 120, 68, and 31.5 kda in size were consistently detected with sera from all animals and twenty-two sera had antibodies to 64, 43, 40, and 22 kda antigens. none of these antigens were detected by sera from 160 sheep in a c. pseudotuberculosis-free ... | 1992 | 1531563 |
| [lung abscess caused by rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in hiv infection. two cases]. | rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi is a well-known gram positive bacillus which is usually pathogenic in farm animals but rarely causes diseases in humans. only 30 cases of human infection have been reported in the literature. r. equi has recently been added to the list of opportunistic agents in severe hiv infection. its most common manifestation in immunocompromised is a slowly progressive pneumonia which may cavitate. r. equi pulmonary infections are difficult to treat: they usually require p ... | 1992 | 1533035 |
| rhodococcus equi endobronchial mass with lung abscess in a patient with aids. | an endobronchial lesion with lung abscess in a patient with aids was due to rhodococcus equi. the patient responded to triple chemotherapy. | 1992 | 1539150 |
| recurrent pneumonia due to rifampicin-resistant rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with hiv. | | 1992 | 1548410 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in patients with aids. | rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen of hiv-i infected patients. it is an aerobic, gram-positive coryneform bacterium which acts as a facultative intracellular micro-organism, multiplying in the phagosome of macrophages. eighteen cases of r. equi infection in hiv-i positive patients have now been reported. sixteen of these had pneumonia, of which 12 had cavitating lung lesions. a history of contact with farm animals, which are the primary hosts of r. equi, was found in only thr ... | 1992 | 1569304 |
| case report: rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is a common cause of pulmonary infection in farm animals, especially foals. pulmonary and disseminated infection caused by this organism is occasionally seen in humans, especially in patients whose cell-mediated immunity has been altered by glucocorticoids or cytotoxic chemotherapy. not surprisingly, the organism may cause serious disease in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected humans whose t cell-dependent immune system has been pr ... | 1992 | 1595781 |
| [rhodococcus equi in hiv infected patients: 2 new cases]. | we reported two hiv infected patients with bacteremia and pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi. none of them had suffer any opportunistic infection before this episode. clinical presentation includes respiratory tract symptoms of subacute onset and fever. the x-ray examination in both cases revealed pneumonia and lung abscess in upper lobes as well as lung infiltrates in other lobes. the microorganism was isolated in lung fine needle aspiration, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood cultures in both cas ... | 1992 | 1606224 |
| in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi is an intracellular facultative, gram-positive cocco-bacillary organism of increasing importance as a pulmonary pathogen in hiv-positive patients. this study was carried out to evaluate the optimal antibiotic combinations for treating such infections. four human r. equi isolates and one reference strain were tested for their susceptibilities to 36 antibiotics. in-vitro the most active antibiotics were amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, ... | 1992 | 1607327 |
| virulence-associated 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens in rhodococcus equi: temperature-dependent expression and location of the antigens. | virulent rhodococcus equi showing 15- to 17-kda antigens, which is virulent in mice, was found to harbor an 85-kbp plasmid, and the 15- to 17-kda antigens were found to be associated with possession of the 85-kbp plasmid of r. equi (s. takai, t. sekizaki, t. ozawa, t. sugawara, y. watanabe, and s. tsubaki, infect. immun. 59:4056-4060, 1991). the expression of these antigens was temperature regulated: when cells were grown at a low temperature (25 to 32 degrees c), they did not express them, wher ... | 1992 | 1612765 |
| hemolytic interactions of dermatophilus congolensis. | the strains of dermatophilus congolensis grew on blood agar with washed sheep erythrocytes with marked total hemolysis. in testing for hemolytic interactions they gave a significant synergistic effect of a characteristic shape with rhodococcus equi and streptococcus agalactiae, whereas with staphylococcus aureus producing beta hemolysin and with staphylococcus aureus producing delta hemolysin a simultaneous synergistic as well as antagonistic effect were observed. first of all a conspicuous inhi ... | 1992 | 1621476 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography of corynomycolic acids as a tool in identification of corynebacterium species and related organisms. | a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) study of 307 strains of corynebacterium species and related taxa revealed that strains classified as "corynebacterium aquaticum"; "corynebacterium asperum"; and centers for disease control (cdc) groups 1, 2, a-3, a-4, a-5, b-1, b-3, e, f-2, and i-2 as well as some unidentified coryneforms do not contain any corynomycolic acids; therefore, they should not be included in the genus corynebacterium. such an hplc method of identification permitted the c ... | 1992 | 1624556 |
| an assay to quantitate the binding of rhodococcus equi to macrophages. | a rhodococcus equi radiobinding assay has been developed using organisms labeled with 3h-uracil. these labeled organisms resemble their unlabeled counterparts with respect to colony morphology, viability, and buoyant density. bacteria routinely incorporate between 5 x 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-2) counts per minute per colony forming unit (cfu) which in this assay allows the detection of fewer than 0.2 cfu per macrophage. once incorporated, greater than 90% of the label remains bacterial associated for ... | 1992 | 1632069 |
| [pulmonary infection caused by rhodococcus equi in a renal transplant recipient]. | rhodococcus equi is a primarily pathogen in animals and it has only rarely been seen in immunocompromised humans. we describe our experience with an hiv-negative patient with a functioning renal graft under cyclosporin-azathioprine-prednisone therapy. the patient died after a two months recurrent multifocal pneumonia. the cultures from sputum and blood were negatives but r. equi was isolated from lungs in the necropsy. most of the 41 cases we had found in the literature had aids or hiv infection ... | 1992 | 1635409 |
| immunohistochemical observations on pneumonic lesions caused by rhodococcus equi in foals. | an immunohistochemical analysis of rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia in 10 foals was performed by biotin-streptavidin system. the detection of r. equi was more sensitive in immuno-stain using anti-r. equi serum than in gram's stain. this bacteria also reacted to anti-bcg serum. lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin were detectable in macrophages. a particularly intense staining was observed in association with intracellular bacteria. though a degree of reaction for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was very ... | 1992 | 1643174 |
| [in vitro activity of twenty antibiotics against rhodococcus equi]. | the in vitro susceptibility of nine rhodococcus equi strains (seven isolates from immunocompromised patients mainly hiv positive and two reference strains) to twenty various antibiotics were assessed for bacteriostatic effects by an agar dilution method. imipenem and ceftriaxone were the most effective of the beta-lactams studied. the lowest mic were noted with vancomycin, teicoplanin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, rifampicin, gentamicin and doxycycline. a longitudinal survey, including three st ... | 1991 | 1652730 |
| cavitating pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids. | | 1991 | 1669798 |
| imipenem/vancomycin for rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in hiv-positive patient. | | 1991 | 1671281 |
| imipenem/teicoplanin for rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in aids patients. | | 1991 | 1672417 |
| rhodococcus equi plasmids: isolation and partial characterization. | fifty-four strains of rhodococcus equi from different clinical sources (mainly horses and pigs) were examined for their plasmid content by two screening methods. plasmids were detected in 49 of 54 strains. a plasmid of approximately 80 kb was isolated from 21 of 22 isolates from horses and 20 of 28 isolates from pigs, and a 105-kb plasmid was isolated from 7 of 28 isolates from pigs. the 80-kb plasmid was significantly associated with strains of equine rather than porcine origin, and the 105-kb ... | 1991 | 1757535 |
| prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in isolates from soil and feces of horses from horse-breeding farms with and without endemic infections. | the prevalence of virulent rhodococcus equi in isolates from soil and feces of foals on a farm with endemic r. equi infections was significantly higher than that of a farm with no history of the disease. foals bred on a farm with the endemic disease might be constantly exposed to virulent r. equi in their environment. | 1991 | 1757567 |
| in-vitro susceptibility of rhodococcus equi to 27 antibiotics. | | 1991 | 1778862 |
| purification and properties of cholesterol oxidase and choline phosphohydrolase from rhodococcus equi. | cholesterol oxidase (co) and choline phosphohydrolase (cph) exoenzymes were isolated from culture supernatants of rhodococcus equi atcc 33701 and their hemolytic and cytotoxic activities examined. the purifications involved differential ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. a purification of 32.8-fold and a yield of 0.3% of co were determined by synergistic hemolysis of sheep red blood cells (srbc) presensitized with staphylococcus aureus beta toxin. th ... | 1991 | 1790488 |
| protection against naturally acquired rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals by administration of hyperimmune plasma. | a 2-year field study was performed to determine the capability of increasing rhodococcus equi specific antibody in foals via plasma transfusion or mare vaccination, to determine the kinetics of r. equi (elisa) antibody decay and to assess the protective effects of these procedures in foals on a farm endemic for r. equi. plasma donors were vaccinated with a killed r. equi bacterin and produced high levels of anti-r. equi antibodies, which were harvested by plasmapheresis. in experiment 1, 68 foal ... | 1991 | 1795301 |
| selective medium containing fosfomycin, nalidixic acid, and culture supernatant of rhodococcus equi for isolation of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. | fnr medium containing fosfomycin, nalidixic acid, bovine blood and culture supernatant of rhodococcus equi was prepared by the present authors, and the medium did not inhibit growth of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis but completely hampered the growth of bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. the culture supernatant of r. equi facilitated detection of suspected colonies of c. pseudotuberculosis due to synergistic hemolysis. rate of isolation of the organisms (from the ... | 1991 | 1796687 |
| severe rhodococcus equi pneumonia: case report and literature review. | rhodococcus equi is an aerobic, gram-positive, non-motile pleomorphic bacillus infecting immunocompromised patients. forty-nine cases of rhodococcus equi infection have been reported, mainly in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). a case in which rhodococcus equi caused severe pulmonary infection, the most common presentation, is described. clinically, patients have symptoms of pneumonia with hemoptysis as a prominent feature. x-ray will often show a cavitating upper-lo ... | 1991 | 1810733 |
| [bacteremic pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi and hiv infection. report of a new case and review of the literature]. | rhodococcus equi (corynebacterium equi) is able to produce infections not only in animals but also in patients, usually immunosuppressed ones. we report a new case of bacteremic pneumonia in a drug addict who was also infected by hiv. x-ray film of the chest showed a cavitated infiltrate in right upper lobe. r. equi was recovered from blood, respiratory secretions and lung tissue. the patient was with a prolonged course of antibiotics and also surgical treatment. in spite of both therapies, the ... | 1991 | 1822154 |
| [cavitated pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in an hiv-positive female patient]. | | 1991 | 1822164 |
| [pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids]. | | 1991 | 1822165 |
| lung abscess caused by rhodococcus equi. | in the immunocompromised patient, early diagnosis of a lung cavity is essential for appropriate treatment. rhodococcus equi (formerly corynebacterium equi) is a variably acid-fast bacterium that can produce cavitary disease in an immunocompromised host. the two cases presented here demonstrate the clinical and radiographic features of r equi lung abscess. the first patient was on long-term corticosteroid therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. the second patient had aids. the correct diagnosis in both ... | 1991 | 1856905 |
| relapsing systemic infection due to rhodococcus equi in a drug abuser seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. | a case of recurrent multisystemic infection due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) but without aids is reported. this case, which occurred in a woman with a history of alcohol and drug abuse, is, to our knowledge, the first such case described. the infection involved the lungs, kidneys, brain, and bloodstream. despite several courses of therapy with antibiotics to which her isolates of r. equi were susceptible in vitro, the patient experience ... | 1991 | 1866557 |
| mycolic acid-containing glycolipid as a possible virulence factor of rhodococcus equi for mice. | by the use of various rhodococcus equi strains differing in the length of carbon chains of glycolipid, we examined whether the glycolipid, glucose monomycolate, was contributing to the virulence of r. equi for mice. r. equi strains with longer carbon chain mycolic acid showed a higher virulence as determined by lethality and granuloma formation in mice than those with shorter ones. when purified glycolipid was injected into mice, granuloma formation and liver damage were most prominent with the ... | 1991 | 1870435 |
| typing of rhodococcus equi isolated from submaxillary lymph nodes of pigs in japan. | isolation of rhodococcus equi from the submaxillary lymph nodes of pigs, with or without caseous lymphadenitis, and typing of the isolates by two serological methods were carried out. the rate of isolation of the organisms from the lymph nodes of pigs was 5 times higher in the lymph nodes with caseous lymphadenitis than in those without the lesion. of 219 isolates, 146 (66.7%) were typable by the method of prescott, while all the 219 isolates (100%) were typable by the method of nakazawa et al. ... | 1991 | 1887702 |
| infections with rhodococcus equi in children. | three cases of serious infection in children, including the first two reports of bacteremia, due to rhodococcus equi are described. only seven pediatric cases have been reported to date. in the laboratory, r. equi can easily be misidentified as a nonpathogenic corynebacterium spp. (diphtheroid) or a mycobacterium spp. despite an overall mortality rate of 25% in adults, no pediatric deaths have occurred due to r. equi. the organism is generally susceptible to vancomycin, aminoglycosides, chloramp ... | 1991 | 1889184 |
| rhodococcus equi causing human pulmonary infection: review of 29 cases. | rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive pleomorphic bacillus that has been identified as a life-threatening pulmonary pathogen in the immunocompromised host. infection with r equi may go unrecognized by physicians unacquainted with its presentation and unaware of the organism's ability to mimic diphtheroids and to stain weakly positive with an acid-fast stain. | 1991 | 1925723 |
| association between a large plasmid and 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens in virulent rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi strains showing 15- to 17-kda antigens in immunoblots were found to be virulent in mice. to study the genes specific to these antigens in virulent r. equi, we compared plasmid profiles, immunoblot profiles, and murine pathogenicity profiles of 10 strains of r. equi. all the strains showing 15- to 17-kda antigens contained a large plasmid of approximately 85 kbp and were virulent in mice; however, the remaining strains lacked both the antigens and the large plasmid and were aviru ... | 1991 | 1937765 |
| the effect of experimental infection with rhodococcus equi on immunodeficient mice. | to investigate the pathogenesis of respiratory lesions caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen, rhodococcus equi, pulmonary clearance was compared in four groups of genetically defined mice, chosen for their specific deficits in immune and inflammatory responses. complement-deficient a/j, immunodeficient nu/nu (nude), scid/scid.bg/bg (scid/beige), c57bi/6j.bg/bg (beige) and normal swiss mice (sw) received approximately 10(7) r. equi intranasally on day 0. bacterial clearance was assesse ... | 1991 | 1949550 |
| rhodococcus equi: an animal and human pathogen. | recent isolations of rhodococcus equi from cavitatory pulmonary disease in patients with aids have aroused interest among medical microbiologists in this unusual organism. earlier isolations from humans had also been in immunosuppressed patients following hemolymphatic tumors or renal transplantation. this organism has been recognized for many years as a cause of a serious pyogranulomatous pneumonia of young foals and is occasionally isolated from granulomatous lesions in several other species, ... | 1991 | 2004346 |
| a case of rhodococcus equi brain abscess. | we treated a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for a brain abscess caused by rhodococcus equi, an actinomycete that usually infects the lung in immunosuppressed hosts. rhodococcus equi brain abscess is an extremely rare lesion that has never been reported in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the infection was cured by lengthy therapy with multiple antibiotics after aspiration of the lesion to identify the infective organism and determine its sensitivity to antibiot ... | 1991 | 2008648 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. | rhodococcus equi is an uncommon pathogen in humans that has occasionally been reported to cause infection in individuals with impaired cellular immunity. we summarize 30 previously published reports of human infection with r. equi and describe one additional case in a patient with aids. eleven (35%) of the patients discussed in this report had aids or human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, which is emerging as the leading cause of immunosuppression in cases of r. equi infection. seventy-s ... | 1991 | 2017613 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in the patient with aids: literature review and report of an unusual case. | rhodococcus equi is an aerobic, intracellular, gram-positive rod-coccus that is partially acid fast. the organism is primarily a pathogen in animals and has only rarely been seen in immunocompromised humans. its most common manifestation is a slowly progressive pneumonia that may cavitate. infections are thought to be acquired via respiratory exposure to animals or soil. r. equi infections are difficult to treat, usually requiring prolonged administration of parenteral antibiotics and often nece ... | 1991 | 2017640 |
| rhodococcus equi--an easily missed opportunistic pathogen. | over the last 10 years rhodococcus equi has been identified as an important, albeit very rare, opportunistic pathogen. as the number of patients immunocompromised from hiv infection grows, this microorganism will likely become of increasing clinical importance. infection with r. equi is usually insidious, causing progressive pulmonary disease that is typically pleural based at the time of microbiological diagnosis. as in the case we present, the clinical and microbiological diagnoses may be sign ... | 1991 | 2028222 |
| role of antibody to extracellular proteins of rhodococcus equi in protection against r. equi pneumonia in foals. | rhodococcus equi produces two exoenzymes (ree), a cholesterol oxidase in large amounts and a phospholipase c, which cause lysis of sheep red blood cells (srbc) sensitized with staphylococcus aureus beta toxin. two immunization studies were done in foals to determine the role of antibody to ree in protection against r. equi pneumonia. in the first study, three foals (mean age 10 days) were vaccinated four times at 2-week intervals with over 1 million units of partially purified exoenzymes (pree). ... | 1991 | 2031302 |
| identification of 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens associated with virulent rhodococcus equi. | antigens of rhodococcus equi were analyzed by immunoblotting with naturally infected foal sera. immunoblots of whole-cell antigen preparations of clinical isolates of r. equi revealed that major protein bands with molecular masses of 15 to 17 kda were present in all clinical isolates tested and all isolates virulent for mice. in contrast, the 15- to 17-kda antigens were not identified by immunoblotting in atcc 6939, a type strain of r. equi that was avirulent for mice. whole-cell antigens of 102 ... | 1991 | 2037660 |
| [rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | a male patient of 33 years of age with aids developed pneumonia with abscess formation and a slow clinical course. the sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood cultures yielded a gram-positive, partially acid-alcohol resistant bacillus which was identified as rhodococcus equi. this organism has been uncommonly implicated in pneumonia in patients with immunodeficiency, particularly with neoplasia and severe cell immunity deficiency. it has been very rarely reported in patients with aids. to our k ... | 1991 | 2051807 |
| structural analysis of the specific capsular polysaccharide of rhodococcus equi serotype 2. | the specific capsular polysaccharide produced by rhodococcus equi serotype 2 is a high-molecular-weight acidic polymer composed of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-glucuronic acid and 3-o-[(s)-1-carboxyethyl]-l-rhamnose in equimolar proportions. structural analysis, employing a combination of chemical and n.m.r. techniques, established that the polysaccharide is composed of linear repeating tetrasaccharide units. (formula; see text) in which the beta-d-mannose residues carry o-acetyl groups at o-2 and o- ... | 1990 | 2073639 |
| radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay for detection of antibody to rhodococcus equi in horse sera. | | 1990 | 2117094 |
| septicemia, atrial fibrillation, cardiomegaly, left atrial mass, and rhodococcus equi septic osteoarthritis in a foal. | a foal with vegetative bacterial endocarditis affecting the wall of the left atrium was treated successfully with cefotaxime, erythromycin, and rifampin. bacterial isolates included escherichia coli from blood and rhodococcus equi from a p-type osteomyelitic lesion of the left third metatarsal bone and from synovial fluid from the left metatarsophalangeal joint. cardiac complications included cardiomegaly and atrial fibrillation, which responded to treatment with digoxin and quinidine sulfate. c ... | 1990 | 2147021 |
| [isolation of listeria ivanovii in slovakia]. | from october 1977 to may 15, 1989 in slovakia 39 strongly haemolytic strains of l. ivanovii were isolated from a woman after delivery of a stillborn foetus--from the lochiae, placenta and rectal smear, from five symptom-free subjects from the faeces, from the rectal smears of two sheep, from the intestinal contents in the portion of the terminal ileus from 28 free living small terrestrial mammals, one strain from meat--beef steak, from the lungs, liver and kidneys of a dead young sheep and one s ... | 1990 | 2150609 |
| surgical management of rhodococcus equi metaphysitis in a foal. | a chronic rhodococcus equi metaphysitis involving the distal growth plate of the left third metatarsal bone had induced a longstanding lameness in a young foal. abnormal hematologic values included mild anemia, hyperfibrinogemia, mild leukocytosis, and neutrophilia. radiography of the distal portion of mt3 revealed a radiolucent zone on the medial aspect of the growth plate, and small pieces of bone suggestive of sequestra. treatment with erythromycin estolate and rifampin, aggressive surgical d ... | 1990 | 2211310 |
| structural analysis of the specific capsular polysaccharide of rhodococcus equi serotype 1. | the specific capsular polysaccharide produced by rhodococcus equi serotype 1 was found to be a high molecular weight acidic polymer composed of d-glucose, d-mannose, and d-glucuronic acid. structural analysis of the polysaccharide employed a combination of chemical and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, from which it was determined that the polysaccharide possessed a linear repeating tetrasaccharide unit containing a single o-acetyl substituent and and acetal-linked pyruvic acid moiety: [for ... | 1990 | 2223004 |
| the development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of mycobacterium bovis. | a double antibody sandwich layer enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect mycobacterium bovis. the elisa detected m. bovis is pure culture at concentrations of 1 x 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu) ml-1 and greater, compared to a minimum detection level of 1 x 10(6) cfu ml-1 for isolation techniques. neither technique detected m. bovis at 1 x 10(4) cfu ml-1. the elisa did not cross-react with common mycobacterial contaminants such as mycobacterium avium intracellulare-scrofula ... | 1990 | 2238461 |
| production and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the neotype strain of mycobacterium bovis. | six monoclonal antibodies (mab) to virulent mycobacterium bovis atcc 19210 were produced, using a suspension of heat-inactivated whole cells. immunoglobulin isotype for mab vmb6, vmb73, and vmb93 was igg1, and for vmb31, vmb99, and vmb119, it was igg2a. monoclonal antibodies were examined for cross-reactivity to m tuberculosis, m kansasii, m fortuitum, m paratuberculosis, m avium serovars 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10, m chelonei, m phlei, m scrofulaceum, m smegmatis, nocardia asteroides, and rhodococcus e ... | 1990 | 2240784 |
| pulmonary malakoplakia in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. differential diagnostic considerations. | malakoplakia is an unusual inflammatory condition characterized histopathologically by accumulations of benign macrophages, or von hansemann's cells, that are associated with diagnostic intracellular and extracellular calcospherites, termed michaelis-gutmann bodies. currently believed to represent an acquired defect of macrophage digestion, malakoplakia most commonly occurs in the urinary tract and is associated with a variety of infectious agents, notably gram-negative bacilli. we describe a pa ... | 1990 | 2252424 |
| enhancement of natural resistance of mice to rhodococcus equi infection by dextran sulfate 500. | the effect of intraperitoneal injection of dextran sulfate 500 (ds-500, 500,000 mr) on the intravenous clearance and host resistance to rhodococcus equi in mice was studied. contrary to the results seen with listeria monocytogenes, ds-500 enhanced murine resistance to r. equi and altered organ distribution and clearance. | 1990 | 2280727 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection in a goat]. | enterotoxaemia caused by clostridium perfringens was diagnosed in a goat affected with severe enteritis which was found to be present at autopsy. lesions bearing a resemblance to tuberculosis, caused by a rhodococcus equi infection, were observed in the liver and lungs. this bacterium is constantly isolated from pulmonary abscesses in foals affected with pyemia. similar cases of infection in goats were previously reported in the literature. | 1990 | 2305381 |
| in vitro susceptibility of selected veterinary bacterial pathogens to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin were tested for approximately ten clinical isolates of each of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, actinobacillus suis, actinomyces pyogenes, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, haemophilus somnus, pasteurella haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, rhodococcus equi, streptococcus equi, streptococcus suis and streptococcus zooepidemicus. ciprofloxacin and enrof ... | 1990 | 2306672 |
| rhodococcus equi and hiv infection. | | 1990 | 2322208 |
| parallel antitumor, granuloma-forming and tumor-necrosis-factor-priming activities of mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia rubra that differ in carbohydrate moiety: structure-activity relationships. | multiple intravenous injections (30 micrograms, ten times) in icr mice of trehalose dimycolate and glucose monomycolate from nocardia rubra, containing c36-48 mycolic acids, showed a prominent antitumor effect on a subcutaneously implanted sarcoma-180, an allogeneic sarcoma of mice with a significant granuloma formation in lungs, spleen and liver. on the other hand, mycoloyl glycolipids other than glucose monomycolate and trehalose dimycolate, such as mannose or fructose mycolate, showed no sign ... | 1990 | 2322938 |
| pulmonary malacoplakia and rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with aids. | we describe a case of pulmonary malacoplakia and rhodococcus equi cavitary pneumonia in a patient with aids. the relationship between rhodococcus equi, a rare bacterial human pathogen, and malacoplakia, an unusual type of chronic granulomatous inflammation, is discussed. | 1990 | 2323228 |
| influence of rhodococcus equi on the respiratory burst of resident alveolar macrophages from adult horses. | opsonized rhodococcus equi activated the respiratory burst of resident alveolar macrophages (am) from adult horses in a logarithmic-linear, mass-related manner. the effect of r equi was not significantly different from that of equal masses of opsonized zymosan a. therefore, r equi does not appear to attenuate the respiratory burst of equine am. the stimulatory effect of r equi was not reflected by increased production of superoxide anion (o2-), but increased activity of the hexose monophosphate ... | 1990 | 2337275 |
| pulmonary malacoplakia in a child. | pulmonary malacoplakia is a rare condition with only five previously reported cases in the literature, all occurring in adults. we describe a case of malacoplakia of the lung in a 6-year-old female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission and a rhodococcus equi pneumonia and septicemia. the case demonstrates that pulmonary malacoplakia can occur in immunocompromised pediatric patients and that malacoplakia should, therefore, be added to the list of causes of nodular lung infiltrates in imm ... | 1990 | 2349158 |
| infected wounds and repeated septicemia in a case of factitious illness. | during 19 years an assistant nurse, now 35 years old, has been repeatedly treated for several malingered and self-induced disorders escalating to self-mutilation. an ulcer of her right leg never epithelialised in spite of various local treatments and surgical intervention. during repeated attacks of self-induced septicemia altogether 11 different bacterial species were isolated; on 8 occasions rhodococcus equi. the septicemias were successfully treated with antibiotics. the underlying psychiatri ... | 1990 | 2356446 |
| functional similarity of listeria ivanovii and staphylococcus aureus in camp test. | on the basis of synergistic haemolysis of listeria ivanovii and rhodococcus equi, we suspected camp positiveness of r. equi and complete camp negativeness of l. ivanovii and confirmed that the latter, showing a double-zone haemolysis like staphylococcus aureus, could produce the same phenomenon in the camp test if used instead of staphylococci. this functional similarity of l. ivanovii and camp staphylococcus could be used as an additional diagnostic test for l. ivanovii. | 1990 | 2400534 |
| keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. | a test was developed to measure the keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. keratin, labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, was used in a phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) with 1 mm dithiothreitol. the degradation of keratin was estimated by measuring the fluorescence of the degradation products in the supernatant of the reaction mixtures in a luminescence spectrometer. several oral and cutaneous bacteria were investigated: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, treponema dent ... | 1987 | 2434427 |
| the effect of immunosuppression on resistance to rhodococcus equi in mice. | rhodococcus equi, a natural pathogen of horses, produces lesions in mice following experimental infection. the effect of various immunosuppressing agents on the sequential development of these lesions has been assessed by measuring the growth of r. equi following intravenous or intranasal challenge and by histological examination. cyclophosphamide treatment of mice, challenged intranasally, resulted in the development of lesions not unlike that seen in experimental and natural infection in foals ... | 1989 | 2483281 |
| serum immunoglobulin concentrations of foals infected with rhodococcus equi. | | 1989 | 2513448 |
| purification and characterization of two listeria ivanovii cytolysins, a sphingomyelinase c and a thiol-activated toxin (ivanolysin o). | the strong bizonal hemolysis on blood agar and the positive camp reaction with rhodococcus equi denotes the production of two different cytolytic factors by listeria ivanovii. one was characterized as a thiol-activated (sh) cytolysin of 61 kilodaltons and was termed ivanolysin o (ilo) since data suggested that it is different from listeriolysin o, the sh-cytolysin produced by listeria monocytogenes. the other is a 27-kilodalton hemolytic sphingomyelinase c that was found to be the cytolytic fact ... | 1989 | 2553614 |
| phospholipase c in listeria. | the cooperative and antagonistic effect of extracellular bacterial proteins of streptococcus agalactiae, rhodococcus equi, corynebacterium ovis, and corynebacterium haemolyticum with proteins of listerial strains of various sources, species and serovars of the membrane of sheep erythrocytes was investigated. listeria monocytogenes and listeria ivanovii produce, beside listeriolysin, further proteins. their specific effect on the sheep erythrocyte membrane becomes apparent after the appearance of ... | 1989 | 2561039 |
| [the inhibitory effect on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs of oral administration of corynebacterium (rhodococcus) equi]. | we studied the inhibitory effect on the pca reaction of bsa-rabbit anti-bsa (bsa-anti-bsa) system in cp-sensitized and cp-unsensitized guinea pigs by the oral administration of c. equi. strain ko-85 (ko-85) cells. the results were as follows: 1) guinea pigs were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with the cp. nine days later, the animals were administered with an oral dose of 80 mg (w.w.) of ko-85 cells. the animals were submitted daily to pca reaction tests using bsa and rabbit anti-bsa se ... | 1989 | 2589991 |
| early events associated with experimental infection of the murine lung with rhodococcus equi. | pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi was induced in the murine lung by deposition of a known dose of organisms. from serial estimations of bacterial numbers in the lungs of inoculated mice, analysis of the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and morphological examination of the lungs, events in the host-parasite interaction were followed until day 7. early bacterial clearance from the lung was dose-dependent but was not sustained. a proportion of the inoculated r. equi was suscepti ... | 1989 | 2607013 |
| cytologic and bacteriologic evaluation of tracheobronchial aspirates from clinically normal foals. | thirty-eight tracheobronchial aspirates (tba) were collected from twenty 1 to 6-month-old foals, which were free of clinical signs of respiratory tract or other infectious disease. we collected tba from 9 of the foals 3 times when they were approximately 8, 16, and 24 weeks old. aspirates were examined cytologically after staining with modified wright-giemsa, gram, toluidine blue, and prussian blue stains. aerobic bacterial culturing was performed on all aspirates. of the 20 initial tba, 4 (20%) ... | 1989 | 2610430 |
| lipid composition in the classification of rhodococcus equi. | the fatty acid, menaquinone and polar lipid composition of representatives of rhodococcus equi and related taxa were determined. all of the r. equi strains had major proportions of straight chain saturated, monounsaturated and 10-methyl branched fatty acids, dihydrogenated menaquinones with eight isoprene units as the predominant isoprenologue, and characteristic polar lipid patterns that contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol manno ... | 1989 | 2631733 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection in hiv disease]. | a case of rhodococcus equi pneumonia associated with septicemia and metastatic brain abscess in an hiv-infected male is presented. clinical findings and the diagnostic and therapeutic approach are discussed. cavitating pulmonary disease was rapidly improved by six-week combined oral and parenteral antibiotic treatment. however, pulmonary relapse and brain abscess were documented after one month. therapy with ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole on an outpatient basis again led to clinica ... | 1989 | 2749214 |
| rhodococcus equi: an emerging opportunistic pathogen? | human infection with rhodococcus equi is apparently rare with most published reports describing the development of lung abscesses in immunocompromised hosts. of only 18 cases of infection previously recorded, four have recently occurred in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). in australasia, r. equi has frequently been isolated from soil and infected farm animals yet no human infections have been reported thus far. three cases of r. equi infection have occurred in new ze ... | 1989 | 2764811 |
| rhodococcus equi foal pneumonia: protective effects of immune plasma in experimentally infected foals. | the immunoprophylactic capacity of specific immune plasma was evaluated in pony foals infected experimentally with rhodococcus equi. immune plasma, produced by repeated parenteral administration of viable r. equi to adult horses, was harvested and frozen. group i (six control foals) and group ii (six principal foals) received lactated ringers solution and immune plasma respectively at three and five days of age. r. equi were aerosolised into a caudal lung lobe of all foals at seven days of age. ... | 1989 | 2767025 |
| purification of the phospholipase d of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis by recycling isoelectric focusing. | recycling isoelectric focusing was investigated as a method for purification of phospholipase d (pld) from cultures of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. supernatant fluids from cultures of equine isolate 155 in brain-heart infusion broth were dialyzed against distilled water, concentrated by lyophilization, and fractionated by preparative isoelectric focusing in free solution in a ph 3 to 13 gradient with 6m urea. protein concentration, ph, and pld activity of the 10 resulting fractions were d ... | 1989 | 2782713 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a child with leukemia. | | 1989 | 2797965 |
| activity of meropenem, against gram-positive bacteria. | a new carbapenem antibiotic, meropenem, was shown to be active against a large number of gram-positive bacteria. the drug inhibited penicillinase-positive and -negative, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci equally well. among the comparative antimicrobials examined, only n-formimidoyl-thienamycin (imipenem) was two to four times more active than meropenem. compared with vancomycin or methicillin, meropenem was 10-20 times more active. strains of 11 species of streptococci were highly susceptib ... | 1989 | 2808202 |