| a local outbreak of paralytic rabies in surinam children. | a rapidly fatal encephalomyelitis, which was in most cases characterized by ascending paralysis, developed in seven children of the age of 3 to 10 years in a bushnegro village in the interior of surinam. rabies virus was recovered from the central nervous system of three autopsied children. although the source of infection has not been detected, there is an indication that, at least in some cases, the disease has been transmitted by rat-bite rather than by vampire bats. during the same period a ... | 1975 | 1179478 |
| annual report of the australian national poliovirus reference laboratory, 2007. | in july 2007, wild poliovirus type 1 was isolated from a patient suffering poliomyelitis in melbourne, australia with onset in pakistan. the imported case of polio demonstrates the ongoing risk faced by polio-free countries until the global certification of polio eradication. the poliovirus was detected by the national poliovirus reference laboratory (nprl) for australia; accredited by the world health organization (who). the nprl acts as the national laboratory for the pacific islands, brunei d ... | 2008 | 19062766 |
| [genetic characterization of vp4-vp2 of two coxsackievirus a4 isolated from patients with hand, foot and mouth disease]. | to study the genetic characteristic of vp4-vp2 of coxsackievirus a4 (cva4) isolated from clinical specimens of patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd) in gansu in 2008. | 2009 | 20077736 |
| an outbreak of coxsackievirus a16 infection: comparison with other enteroviruses in a preschool in taipei. | the transmission rate of enteroviruses in young children remains unclear. therefore, we carried out active surveillance in preschool children to investigate the transmission rate and clinical manifestation of enteroviruses. | 2010 | 20688286 |
| the largest outbreak of hand; foot and mouth disease in singapore in 2008: the role of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus a strains. | during 2008, singapore experienced its largest ever outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd), resulting in 29686 cases, including four cases of encephalitis and one fatality. | 2010 | 20952237 |
| spatiotemporal phylogenetic analysis and molecular characterization of human coxsackievirus a4. | three coxsackievirus a4 (cv-a4) outbreaks recently occurred in taiwan in 2004, 2006, and 2010. the transmission of this rapidly evolving rna-virus involves a continuous interaction between spatiotemporal diffusion and natural selection processes. to elucidate the molecular characteristics of cv-a4 and the spatiotemporal dynamic changes in cv-a4 transmission, worldwide sequences of the 3' vp1 region (420nt) obtained from genbank were analyzed together with sequences isolated in taiwan from 2002 t ... | 2011 | 21635970 |
| epidemics of enterovirus infection in chungnam korea, 2008 and 2009. | abstract: previously, we explored the epidemic pattern and molecular characterization of enteroviruses isolated in chungnam, korea from 2005 to 2006. the present study extended these observations to 2008 and 2009. in this study, enteroviruses showed similar seasonal prevalent pattern from summer to fall and age distribution to previous investigation. the most prevalent month was july: 42.9% in 2008 and 31.9% in 2009. the highest rate of enterovirus-positive samples occurred in children < 1-year- ... | 2011 | 21668960 |
| development and evaluation of reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of enterovirus 71. | abstract: background: hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd) caused by enterovirus 71 (ev71) is very common in china. it is difficult to distinguish between ev71 and coxsackievirus a16 (cva16) infections in clinical hfmd patients. routine laboratory diagnosis of ev71 infection is time-consuming and requires expensive instruments. in this study, we have developed a one-step, single tube, reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay for rapid and sensitive detection o ... | 2011 | 21767352 |
| [gene characterization of the vp1 region of coxsackievirus a4 from herpangina cases in shenzhen of china]. | to analyze the phylogeny of the vp1 region of coxsackie virus a4 (cva4) from herpangina cases of shenzhen in 2012 and 2014. | 2015 | 26081506 |
| [sequence analysis of vp1 region of coxsackievirus a4 and coxsackievirus a10 in guangzhou city, 2010-2012]. | to identify the enterovirus from stool samples of patients with hand, foot and mouth disease(hfmd) in guangzhou from 2010 to 2012 and to perform phylogenetic analysis of the vp1 gene sequences of coxsackievirus a4 and coxsackievirus a10. | 2014 | 25219430 |
| detection of enteroviruses in stools precedes islet autoimmunity by several months: possible evidence for slowly operating mechanisms in virus-induced autoimmunity. | this case-control study was nested in a prospective birth cohort to evaluate whether the presence of enteroviruses in stools was associated with the appearance of islet autoimmunity in the type 1 diabetes prediction and prevention study in finland. | 2017 | 28070615 |
| [genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus group a type 4 isolated from patients with acute flaccid paralysis in shaanxi, china]. | we analyzed the genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus a4 (cv-a4) based on the entire vp1 coding region. samples were isolated from patients with acute flaccid paralysis (afp) in shaanxi, china from 2006 to 2010. we wished to ascertain the predominant genotype and the relationship between cv-a4 infection and afp. sixty-eight non-polio enteroviruses were inoculated onto rd cells (to increase the virus titer) and molecular typing was undertaken. the entire vp1 coding region was amplified. perce ... | 2016 | 27396156 |
| isolation of an imported subgenotype b5 strain of human enterovirus a71 in chongqing city, china, 2014. | enterovirus a71 (ev-a71) is the main pathogen responsible for large outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd) in mainland china, and the dominant ev-a71 strains belong to subgenotype c4. to date, only one imported subgenotype b5 of ev-a71 has been reported in xiamen city fujian province, 2009. | 2016 | 27357279 |
| human sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viral pathogens in border areas of western cambodia. | little is known about circulation of influenza and other respiratory viruses in remote populations along the thai-cambodia border in western cambodia. we screened 586 outpatients (median age 5, range 1-77) presenting with influenza-like-illness (ili) at 4 sentinel sites in western cambodia between may 2010 and december 2012. real-time reverse transcriptase (rrt) pcr for influenza was performed on combined nasal and throat specimens followed by viral culture, antigenic analysis, antiviral suscept ... | 2016 | 27028323 |
| acute viral myopericarditis presenting as a transient effusive-constrictive pericarditis caused by coinfection with coxsackieviruses a4 and b3. | acute myopericarditis is usually caused by viral infections, and the most common cause of viral myopericarditis is coxsackieviruses. diagnosis of myopericarditis is made based on clinical manifestations of myocardial (such as myocardial dysfunction and elevated serum cardiac enzyme levels) and pericardial (such as inflammatory pericardial effusion) involvement. although endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard for the confirmation of viral infection, serologic tests can be helpful. conservativ ... | 2012 | 22707895 |
| rare types of rotaviruses isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in patras, greece. | acute diarrhea remains a major public health issue worldwide, with gastroenteritis agents associated with a high morbidity, especially in infants and young children. a 1-year study (2009-2010) of rotavirus (rv)-caused pediatric diarrhea was performed on hospitalized children admitted with symptoms of acute diarrhea to the university hospital of patras, greece. | 2013 | 23774743 |
| myocarditis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis in a patient with coxsackievirus a4 infection: a case report. | viral myocarditis presents with various symptoms, including fatal arrhythmia and cardiogenic shock, and may develop chronic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in some patients. we report here a case of viral myocarditis with liver dysfunction and pancreatitis. a 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea. the initial investigation showed pulmonary congestion, complete atrioventricular block, left ventricular dysfunction, elevated serum troponin i, and elevated liver enzyme lev ... | 2014 | 24410962 |
| clinical features of coxsackievirus a4, b3 and b4 infections in children. | clinical features of coxsackievirus a4 (ca4), b3 (cb3) and b4 (cb4) infections in children have not been comprehensively described. | 2014 | 24504149 |
| prevalence and characterization of enterovirus infections among pediatric patients with hand foot mouth disease, herpangina and influenza like illness in thailand, 2012. | hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd) and herpangina are common infectious diseases caused by several genotypes of human enterovirus species a and frequently occurring in young children. this study was aimed at analyzing enteroviruses from patients with these diseases in thailand in 2012. detection and genotype determination of enteroviruses were accomplished by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the vp1 region. enterovirus-positive samples were differentiated into ... | 2014 | 24887237 |
| [genetic evidence for recombination and mutation in the emergence of human enterovirus 71]. | we wished to understand the genetic recombination and phylogenetic characteristics of human en- terovirus a71 (ev-a71) and to explore its potential virulence-related sites. full-length genomes of three ev-a71 strains isolated from patients in chenzhou city (china) were sequenced and analyzed. possible re- combination events and crossover sites were analyzed with recombination detection program v4. 1. 6 by comparison with the complete genome sequences of 231 strains of ev-a71. similarly, plot and ... | 2014 | 25562969 |
| outbreak of febrile illness caused by coxsackievirus a4 in a nursery school in beijing, china. | coxsackievirus a4 (cv-a4) is classified as human enterovirus a according to its serotype. cv-a4, an etiological agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease, affects children worldwide and can circulate in closed environments such as schools and hospitals for long periods. | 2015 | 26084565 |
| a case of gloves and socks syndrome and related eruptions caused by coxsackievirus a4 infection mimicking adult-onset still's disease. | | 2017 | 26120191 |
| a novel recombinant lineage's contribution to the outbreak of coxsackievirus a6-associated hand, foot and mouth disease in shanghai, china, 2012-2013. | since late 2012, coxsackievirus a6 (cva6) has gradually become the predominant pathogen responsible for hand-foot-mouth disease (hfmd) in several provinces of china. a total of 626 patients diagnosed with hfmd in shanghai, china from january 2012 to september 2013 were enrolled in this study. of these, 292 cva6 infected cases were subjected to clinical analyses. whole-genome sequencing, recombination and phylogenetic analyses were also performed. a recombinant cva6 monophyletic lineage was found ... | 2015 | 26121916 |
| adult-onset kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) and concurrent coxsackievirus a4 infection: a case report. | kawasaki disease (kd) most commonly develops in infants, although its specific cause is still unclear. we report here a rare case of adult-onset kd which revealed to be concurrently infected by coxsackievirus a4. | 2015 | 26491373 |
| [investigation of a patient with pre-vaccine-derived poliovirus in shandong province, china]. | to analyze the genetic characteristics of a polio-i highly variant vaccine recombinant virus in shandong province (china) in 2011 and to identify isolates from healthy contacts, two stool specimens from one patient with acute flaccid paralysis (afp) and 40 stool specimens from his contacts were collected for virus isolation. the complete genome of poliovirus and vp1 coding region of the non-polio enterovirus were sequenced. homologous comparison and phylogenetic analyses based on vp1 sequences w ... | 2015 | 26738293 |
| novel marker for recombination in the 3'-untranslated region of members of the species human enterovirus a. | human enterovirus a (hev-a) is a species in the genus enterovirus. viruses belonging to this species are often responsible for hand, foot and mouth disease and associated acute neurological disease. studies of the 3' untranslated region (utr) of human enterovirus 71 (hev71) revealed a possible role in virus replication. we compared the 3'-utrs of all members of hev-a and confirmed the presence of a secondary structure comprising three stem-loop domains (slds). sld-z is situated closest to the st ... | 2013 | 23178966 |
| hand, foot, and mouth disease: current scenario and indian perspective. | hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd), first reported in new zealand in 1957 is caused by coxsackievirus a16 (cva16) and human enterovirus 71 (hev71) and occasionally by coxsackievirus a4-a7, a9, a10, b1-b3, and b5. this is characterized by erythematous papulo vesicular eruptions over hand, feet, perioral area, knees, buttocks and also intraorally mostly in the children. hfmd has been known for its self limiting course. only small scale outbreaks have been reported from united states, europe, aus ... | 2013 | 23442455 |