| virus diseases of berry crops in the soviet far east i. identification of some mechanically transmitted viruses, detected in primorye territory. | in primorye territory, ussr, cucumber mosaic virus (cmv-i), arabis mosaic virus (amv), raspberry, ringspot virus (rrsv), and tomato ringspot virus (trsv) were identified on berry crops (currant, raspberry, honeysuckel). with respect to indicator plants and physico-chemical and serological properties, the isolates obtained do not differ from other isolates of these viruses, reported on berry crops in europe and north america. | 1977 | 610231 |
| cross-reacting and heterospecific monoclonal antibodies produced against arabis mosaic nepovirus. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against arabis mosaic nepovirus (amv). a hybridoma screening procedure was applied which involved the testing of culture supernatants, before the hybridomas were cloned to single cell lines, for their reaction with eight nepoviruses [amv, cherry leafroll virus (clrv), grapevine fanleaf virus (gflv), peach rosette mosaic virus, raspberry ringspot virus (rrsv), tobacco ringspot virus, tomato black ring virus (tbrv) and tomato ringspot virus]. in addition ... | 1992 | 1402798 |
| conserved terminal nucleotide sequences in the genome of rice black streaked dwarf virus. | the terminal regions of the dsrna genome segments of rice black streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv) were sequenced. the individual dsrnas, which were 32p-labelled at their 3' termini by incubation with [32p]pcp and t4rna ligase, were separated by 5% page, and the 10 dsrna segments were sequenced by two-dimensional electrophoresis. the common 3'-terminal sequences ---guc 3' and ---aaaaacuu 3' were found in the plus and minus strands, respectively. the strictly conserved terminal sequences (5' aaguuuuu . ... | 1992 | 1607875 |
| conserved terminal sequences of rice ragged stunt virus genomic rna. | the 5'- and 3'-terminal nucleotide sequences of the dsrna genome segments of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), a member of the plant reoviridae, were determined and compared with those published for other viruses in this family. the 5'- and 3'-terminal regions of the rrsv plus strand rna from all genome segments were found to have the same conserved hexanucleotide (5' gauaaa---) and tetranucleotide (---gugc 3') sequences, respectively. these conserved terminal sequences were different from those f ... | 1992 | 1634874 |
| comparison of proteins and nucleic acids of echinochloa ragged stunt and rice ragged stunt viruses. | echinochloa ragged stunt virus (ersv) and rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv; reoviridae) were purified from their respective host plants and disrupted in sds. evidence for the double-strandedness of ersv rna was obtained. electrophoresis in 10% polyacrylamide gels resolved the rnas of each virus into 10 segments, ranging for ersv from 0.61 x 10(6) to 2.8 x 10(6) daltons, with a sum representing the total genome of 17.89 x 10(6) daltons, and for rrsv from 0.6 x 10(6) to 2.98 x 10(6) daltons, with a s ... | 1989 | 2793400 |
| characterization of rna polymerase associated with rice ragged stunt virus. | the rna polymerase associated with rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) was characterized. activity was optimum at 35-40 degrees in 0.1 mtris-hc1 (ph 8.5) and 6-8 mmmgcl2. s-adenosyl-l-methionine stimulated the activity about 5- to 6-fold. it was also stimulated in the presence of chymotrypsin (200 micrograms/ml). the molecular weights of rnas synthesized in vitro were calculated to be about half those of the respective genome segments. the synthesized rnas hybridized to the genome rnas, and the hybri ... | 1987 | 3692725 |
| electrophoretic fractionation of the double-stranded rna genome of rice ragged stunt virus. | the genomic nucleic acid of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) was purified directly from enations of rrsv-infected plants. its resistance to dnase and solubility in 2 m licl, plus its sharp thermal denaturation transition, with am melting temperature of about 83 degrees c in 0.15 m nacl - 0.015 m na citrate buffer, ph 7.0, showed the nucleic acid to be double-stranded rna. on page in 5% gels the rna separated into 8 segments which occurred in equimolar amounts and had a total molecular weight of 11 ... | 1980 | 7203969 |
| does rice ragged stunt virus lack the typical double shell of the reoviridae? | in rice ragged stunt virus preparations negatively stained with uranyl acetate, particles corresponding to the b-spiked subviral particles (spvs) but not the double-shelled virions of fijiviruses were seen. the b spikes were broader at the base than those of fijiviruses, but otherwise the particles were similar in size and shape to fijivirus svps. in thin sections of infected plants, large numbers of virus-like particles were seen; most resembled the svps of fijiviruses but some appeared interme ... | 1980 | 7251337 |
| molecular analysis of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus segment 9 and sequence conservation among isolates from thailand and india. | nucleotide sequences of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) genome segment 9 (s9) from a thai and an indian isolate were determined. both sequences are 1132 bp long, contain a single large open reading frame (orf) spanning nucleotide residues 14 to 1027 and are capable of encoding a protein of 38.5k. the two isolates are 94.6% and 99.4% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. the authenticity of these coding sequences was confirmed by identifying a approximately 38k protein in ... | 1995 | 7503693 |
| heterogeneity of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segment 9 and its segregation by insect vector transmission. | genomic heterogeneity of genome segment 9 (s9) of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) was investigated and a point mutation was found to be responsible for an electrophoretic mobility shift of s9 on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). a new form of s9 (s9l) which migrated slightly faster than natural s9 (s9u) had the same length with a-->c transversion at nt 843. synthetic s9 with a c:g pair at nt 843 migrated slightly faster than that with an a:u pair. therefore, we conclude that the single p ... | 1995 | 7661702 |
| the m(r) 43k major capsid protein of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus is a post-translationally processed product of a m(r) 67,348 polypeptide encoded by genome segment 8. | the nucleotide sequence of dna complementary to rice ragged stunt oryzavirus (rrsv) genome segment 8 (s8) of an isolate from thailand was determined. rrsvs8 is 1914 bp in size and contains a single large open reading frame (orf) spanning nucleotides 23 to 1810 which is capable of encoding a protein of m(r) 67,348. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a approximately 43k virion polypeptide matched to that inferred for an internal region of the s8 coding sequence. these data suggest that the 43k ... | 1996 | 8893791 |
| genome segment 5 of rice ragged stunt virus encodes a virion protein. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome segment 5 (s5) of a thai isolate of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) was determined. the 2682 nucleotide sequence contains a single long open reading frame capable of encoding a polypeptide with a molecular mass of approximately 91 kda. polypeptides encoded by various truncated cdnas of s5 were expressed using the pgex fusion protein vector and the highest level of fusion protein was obtained from a construct encoding a hydrophilic region of s5 protei ... | 1996 | 9000111 |
| rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segment 9 encodes a 38 600 mr structural protein. | the complete nucleotide sequence of rice ragged stunt virus genome segment 9 (s9) was determined. the s9 segment is 1132 nucleotides long and has a long open reading frame starting from the first aug codon at nucleotide position 14-16 and terminating at a uag codon located at 1028-1030, which could encode a polypeptide with an mr of 38 600 (p9). the encoded polypeptide has no sequence homology to polypeptides of any other plant reoviruses published previously. an immunological study demonstrated ... | 1995 | 9049345 |
| rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segments s7 and s10 encode non-structural proteins of m(r) 68,025 (pns7) and m(r) 32,364 (pns10). | the nucleotide sequences of genome segments s7 and s10 of a thai-isolate of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) were determined. the 1938 bp s7 sequence contains a single large open reading frame (orf) spanning nucleotides 20 to 1843 that is predicted to encode a protein of m(r) 68,025. the 1,162 bp s10 sequence has a major orf spanning nucleotides 142 to 1,032 that is predicted to encode a protein of m(r) 32,364. this s10 orf is preceded by a small orf (nt 20-55) which is probably a minicistron. cou ... | 1997 | 9672632 |
| rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segment s4 could encode an rna dependent rna polymerase and a second protein of unknown function. | the complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment s4 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus (rrsv, thai-isolate) was determined. the 3823 bp sequence contains two large open reading frames (orfs). orf1, spanning nucleotides 12 to 3776, is capable of encoding a protein of m(r) 141,380 (p4a). the p4a amino acid sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence contains sequence motifs conserved in rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrps). when compared for evolutionary relationships with rdrps of other reovi ... | 1998 | 9787664 |
| interferon gamma expressed by a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus attenuates virus replication in mice without compromising immunogenicity. | interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) has pleiotropic biological effects, including intrinsic antiviral activity as well as stimulation and regulation of immune responses. an infectious recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rrsv/mifn-gamma) was constructed that encodes murine (m) ifn-gamma as a separate gene inserted into the g-f intergenic region. cultured cells infected with rrsv/mifn-gamma secreted 22 microg mifn-gamma per 10(6) cells. the replication of rrsv/mifn-gamma, but not that of a con ... | 1999 | 10051648 |
| effect of coexpression of interleukin-2 by recombinant respiratory syncytial virus on virus replication, immunogenicity, and production of other cytokines. | we constructed rrsv/mil-2, a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rrsv) containing the coding sequence of murine interleukin-2 (mil-2) in a transcription cassette inserted into the g-f intergenic region. the recovered virus (rrsv/mil-2) expressed high levels (up to 2.8 microg/ml) of mil-2 in cell culture. replication of rrsv/mil-2 in vitro was reduced up to 13.6-fold from that of wild-type (wt) rrsv, an effect that was due to the presence of the foreign insert but was not specific to mil-2. ... | 2000 | 10888656 |
| molecular characterization of bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus genome segment 4. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome segment 4 (s4) of bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (bmcpv) was determined. the 3,259-nucleotide sequence contains a single long open reading frame which spans nucleotides 14 to 3187 and which is predicted to encode a protein with a molecular mass of about 130 kda. western blot analysis showed that s4 encodes bmcpv protein vp3, which is one of the outer components of the bmcpv virion. sequence analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of ... | 2001 | 11134312 |
| contribution of the respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein and its secreted and membrane-bound forms to virus replication in vitro and in vivo. | the surface glycoproteins of viruses can play important roles in viral attachment, entry, and morphogenesis. here, we investigated the role of the attachment g glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in viral infection. rsv g is produced both as a complete, transmembrane form and as an n-terminally truncated form that is secreted. using reverse genetics, we created mutant recombinant rsvs (rrsv) that do not express g (deltag) or express either the secreted or the membrane-bound f ... | 2001 | 11689051 |
| granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed by recombinant respiratory syncytial virus attenuates viral replication and increases the level of pulmonary antigen-presenting cells. | an obstacle to developing a vaccine against human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is that natural infection typically does not confer solid immunity to reinfection. to investigate methods to augment the immune response, recombinant rsv (rrsv) was constructed that expresses murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mgm-csf) from a transcription cassette inserted into the g-f intergenic region. replication of rrsv/mgm-csf in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of balb/c mice wa ... | 2001 | 11711604 |
| nucleotide sequences of segments 1, 3 and 4 of the genome of bombyx mori cypovirus 1 encoding putative capsid proteins vp1, vp3 and vp4, respectively. | the complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments s1, s3 and s4 from bombyx mori cypovirus 1 (bmcpv-1) have been determined. the segments consisted of 4190, 3846 and 3262 nucleotides encoding putative proteins of 1333, 1239 and 1058 amino acids with molecular masses of approximately 148, 140 and 120 kda (p148, p140 and p120, respectively). all segments possess a single open reading frame. homology searches showed that all three proteins have homologies to proteins of rice ragged stunt virus, ... | 2002 | 12029163 |
| cloning and sequencing of the coat protein gene of tobacco ringspot virus isolates from uk and iran. | the coat protein (cp) gene and the 3' untranslated region (utr) of genomic rna 2 of tobacco ringspot virus (trsv, the genus nepovirus, subgroup a) isolates from the uk and iran were cloned from total viral rna and sequenced. comparison of these isolates with an isolate from the usa revealed a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid identity which extends the knowledge of molecular relationships between these three trsv isolates. the uk isolate shared the highest nucleotide identity (95%) with t ... | 2001 | 12083332 |
| localization of ps9 in rice ragged stunt oryzavirus and its role in virus transmission by brown planthopper. | a cdna of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus(rrsv) coding for its protein ps9 was prepared and expressed in e.coli as a fusion protein then purified and cleaved by factor-xa to a 38kd polypeptide. using the igg of the antiserum raised against the expressed fusion protein the gold immuno-labelling experiments provided a direct evidence that the 38kd polypeptide is one of the major proteins forming the virus spikes. virus transmission experiments in brown planthopper fed with ps9 showed the inhibition o ... | 1999 | 12136212 |
| [self-aggregation of the structural protein encoded by rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segment 8]. | rice ragged stunt oryzavirus (rrsv) is a member of the genus oryzavirus within the family reoviridae. its genome consists of ten segments of dsrna. the functions of all products encoded by these viral genome segments, except one encoded by s9, have not yet been elucidated. in the present study, the orf of s 8 of rrsv-philippines isolate was sequenced and expressed in e. coli. the 67 kd product of s8 could be self-cleaved into two fragments with molecular weights of 43 kd and 26 kd. western blott ... | 2002 | 12198557 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus with the g and f genes shifted to the promoter-proximal positions. | the genome of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes 10 mrnas and 11 proteins in the order 3'-ns1-ns2-n-p-m-sh-g-f-m2-1/m2-2-l-5'. the g and f glycoproteins are the major rsv neutralization and protective antigens. it seems likely that a high level of expression of g and f would be desirable for a live rsv vaccine. for mononegaviruses, the gene order is a major factor controlling the level of mrna and protein expression due to the polar gradient of sequential transcription. in order to ... | 2002 | 12414935 |
| genomic sequence analyses of segments 1 to 6 of dendrolimus punctatus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus. | the complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments s1 to s6 from dendrolimus punctatus cypovirus 1 (dpcpv-1) have been determined. each segment of s1 to s6 possess a single open reading frame. conserved motifs 5' (aguaa) and 3'(guuagcc) were found at the ends of each segment. comparison of the proteins of dpcpv with those of other members in the family reoviridae lead us to suggest that s1, s3, s4 and s6 encode the viral structural protein vp1, vp2, vp3 and vp4, respectively. s5 encoded viral ... | 2003 | 12827465 |
| genetic recombination during coinfection of two mutants of human respiratory syncytial virus. | recombination between coinfecting viruses had not been documented previously for a nonsegmented negative-strand rna virus (mononegavirus). we investigated the potential of intermolecular recombination by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by coinfecting hep-2 cells with two recombinant rsv (rrsv) mutants lacking either the g gene (deltag/hek) or the ns1 and ns2 genes (deltans1/2). these viruses replicate inefficiently and form pinpoint plaques in hep-2 cells. therefore, potential recombined virus ... | 2003 | 14512568 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses lacking the c-terminal third of the attachment (g) protein are immunogenic and attenuated in vivo and in vitro. | the design of attenuated vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) historically focused on viruses made sensitive to physiologic temperature through point mutations in the genome. these prototype vaccines were not suitable for human infants primarily because of insufficient attenuation, genetic instability, and reversion to a less-attenuated phenotype. we therefore sought to construct novel attenuated viruses with less potential for reversion through genetic alteration of the attachment g p ... | 2004 | 15140975 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein is not necessary for vaccine-enhanced disease induced by immunization with formalin-inactivated rsv. | following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge, mice immunized with rsv g or with formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) exhibit severe disease associated with type 2 cytokine production and pulmonary eosinophilia. this has led to the proposal that the presence of rsv g is the factor in fi-rsv that induces disease-enhancing t-cell responses. therefore, we evaluated the role of rsv g and its immunodominant region in the induction of aberrant immune responses during fi-rsv immunization. balb/c m ... | 2004 | 15141000 |
| nucleic acid binding activity of pns6 encoded by genome segment 6 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus. | the orf of genome segment 6 (s6) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus (rrsv) philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the s6 sequence of the thailand isolate. pns6, the 71 kd product of s6 expressed in e. coli, was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of rrsv by western blotting. the gel mobility shift assays showed that pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity. pns6 could interact with single- and double-stranded forms of dna and rna, showing a preference for single-stranded ... | 2004 | 15248020 |
| characterization of recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses with the region responsible for type 2 t-cell responses and pulmonary eosinophilia deleted from the attachment (g) protein. | it is essential that preventative vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) elicit balanced t-cell responses. immune responses dominated by type 2 t cells against rsv antigens are believed to cause exaggerated respiratory tract disease and may also contribute to unwanted inflammation in the airways that predisposes infants to wheeze through adolescence. here we report on the construction and characterization of recombinant rsv (rrsv) strains with amino acids 151 to 221 or 178 to 219 of the ... | 2004 | 15280453 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus lacking secreted glycoprotein g is attenuated, non-pathogenic but induces protective immunity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes intense pulmonary inflammatory responses in some infected infants. the surface attachment protein 'g' of rsv has membrane-bound and secreted forms and shows homology to the cx3c chemokine fractalkine. using recombinant techniques, we generated replication-competent recombinant clonal rsv expressing normal g proteins ('rrsv') or only the membrane-bound form of g ('gmem rrsv'). both recombinants grew well in hep-2 cells, but after primary intranasal infecti ... | 2004 | 15380773 |
| identification and genome characterization of heliothis armigera cypovirus types 5 and 14 and heliothis assulta cypovirus type 14. | genomic characterization of heliothis armigera cypovirus (hacpv) isolated from china showed that insects were co-infected with several cypoviruses (cpvs). one of the cpvs (hacpv-5) could be separated from the others by changing the rearing conditions of the heliothis armigera larvae. this finding was further confirmed by nucleotide sequencing analysis. genomic sequences of segments s10-s7 from hacpv-14, s10 and s7 from hacpv-5, and s10 from heliothis assulta cpv-14 were compared. results from da ... | 2006 | 16432026 |
| virally delivered cytokines alter the immune response to future lung infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and is increasingly recognized to have a role in the development and exacerbation of chronic lung diseases. there is no effective vaccine, and we reasoned that it might be possible to skew the immune system towards beneficial nonpathogenic responses by selectively priming protective t-cell subsets. we therefore tested recombinant rsv (rrsv) candidates expressing prototypic murine th1 (gamma interf ... | 2007 | 17855518 |
| structural evolution of reoviridae revealed by oryzavirus in acquiring the second capsid shell. | the conservation of the core structure and diversification of the external features among the turreted reoviruses appear to be relevant to structural evolution in facilitating the infection of diverse host species. the structure of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), in the genus oryzavirus of the family reoviridae, is determined to show a core composed of capsid shell, clamps, and long turrets. the rrsv core structure is equivalent to the core structure of orthoreovirus and the virion structure of ... | 2008 | 18787002 |
| respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine based on a recombinant fusion protein expressed transiently in mammalian cells. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and adults at risk, no rsv vaccine is currently available. in this report, efforts toward the generation of an rsv subunit vaccine using recombinant rsv fusion protein (rrsv-f) are described. the recombinant protein was produced by transient gene expression (tge) in suspension-adapted human embryonic kidney cells (hek-293e) in 4 l orbitally shaken bioreactors. it was then purified and formulated ... | 2009 | 19559121 |
| a highly attenuated recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus lacking the g protein induces long-lasting protection in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a primary cause of serious lower respiratory tract illness for which there is still no safe and effective vaccine available. using reverse genetics, recombinant (r)rsv and an rrsv lacking the g gene (deltag) were constructed based on a clinical rsv isolate (strain 98-25147-x). | 2010 | 20525213 |
| rice ragged stunt virus segment s6-encoded nonstructural protein pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus. | the protein(s) that support intercellular movement of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) have not yet been identified. in this study, the role of three nonstructural proteins pns6, pns7 and pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) vector. the results showed that only the pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient tmv in nicotiana tabacum xanthi nc and n. benthamiana plants, and both n- and c-terminal 50 amino a ... | 2010 | 20541571 |
| molecular detection of nine rice viruses by a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. | a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was established for the detection of nine viruses from infected rice plants, including rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv), rice dwarf virus (rdv), rice gall dwarf virus (rgdv), rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), rice transitory yellowing virus (rtyv), rice stripe virus (rsv), rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv), rice tungro spherical virus (rtsv), and rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv). virus-specific primer sets were ... | 2010 | 20837064 |
| identification of pns6, a putative movement protein of rrsv, as a silencing suppressor. | rna silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants. as a counterdefense, most plant and some animal viruses encode rna silencing suppressors. in this study, we showed that pns6, a putative movement protein of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein (gfp) in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana line 16c. pns6 of rrsv suppressed local silencing induced by sense rna but had no effect on that induced ... | 2010 | 21092155 |
| complete sequence and genetic characterization of raspberry latent virus, a novel member of the family reoviridae. | a new virus isolated from red raspberry plants and detected in the main production areas in northern washington state, usa and british columbia, canada was fully sequenced and found to be a novel member of the family reoviridae. the virus was designated as raspberry latent virus (rplv) based on the fact that it is symptomless when present in single infections in several rubus virus indicators and commercial raspberry cultivars. rplv genome is 26,128 nucleotides (nt) divided into 10 dsrna segment ... | 2010 | 21144872 |
| reovirus genomes from plant-feeding insects represent a newly discovered lineage within the family reoviridae. | a complex set of double-stranded rnas (dsrnas) was isolated from threecornered alfalfa hopper (spissistilus festinus), a plant-feeding hemipteran pest. a subset of these dsrnas constitute the genome of a new reovirus, provisionally designated spissistilus festinus reovirus (spfrv). spfrv was present in threecornered alfalfa hopper populations in the san joaquin valley of california, with incidence ranging from 10% to 60% in 24 of 25 sample sets analyzed. the 10 dsrna segments of spfrv were compl ... | 2011 | 22142476 |
| rice ragged stunt virus-induced apoptosis affects virus transmission from its insect vector, the brown planthopper to the rice plant. | most plant viruses that seriously damage agricultural crops are transmitted by insects. however, the mechanisms enabling virus transmission by insect vectors are poorly understood. the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious rice pests, causing extensive damage to rice plants by sucking the phloem sap and transmitting viruses, including rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv). in this study, we investigated the mechanisms of rrsv transmission from its insect vector to the rice p ... | 2015 | 26073458 |
| characterization of the complete genome segments from bmcpv-sz, a novel bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate. | a novel bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolated from infected silkworm larvae and tentatively assigned as bombyx mori cypovirus 1 isolate suzhou (bmcpv-sz). the complete nucleotide sequences of genomic segments s1-s10 from bmcpv-sz were determined. all segments possessed a single open reading frame; however, bioinformatic evidence suggested a short overlapping coding sequence in s1. each bmcpv-sz segment possessed the conserved terminal sequences aguaa and guuagcc at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. t ... | 2012 | 22712678 |
| respiratory syncytial virus non-structural protein 1 facilitates virus replication through mir-29a-mediated inhibition of interferon-α receptor. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) non-structural protein 1 (ns1) has recently been suggested to inhibit type-i interferon (ifn)-dependent immune responses during rsv infection. however, the precise function of rsv ns1 protein in reducing the antiviral effects of ifns against rsv is poorly understood. the roles of cellular mirnas in the defence against rsv infection are not well characterized. in this study, qrt-pcr analysis revealed that mir-29a expression was upregulated in the recombinan ... | 2016 | 27569280 |
| evaluation of rice resistance to southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus through combined field tests, quantitative real-time pcr, and proteome analysis. | diseases caused by southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv) and rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) considerably decrease grain yield. therefore, determining rice cultivars with high resistance to srbsdv and rrsv is necessary. in this study, rice cultivars with high resistance to srbsdv and rrsv were evaluated through field trials in shidian and mangshi county, yunnan province, china. sybr green i-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) analysis was used to quantitat ... | 2017 | 28241456 |
| virus altered rice attractiveness to planthoppers is mediated by volatiles and related to virus titre and expression of defence and volatile-biosynthesis genes. | viruses may induce changes in plant hosts and vectors to enhance their transmission. the white-backed planthopper (wbph) and brown planthopper (bph) are vectors of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv) and rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), respectively, which cause serious rice diseases. we herein describe the effects of srbsdv and rrsv infections on host-selection behaviour of vector and non-vector planthoppers at different disease stages. the y-tube olfactometer choice and free-choic ... | 2016 | 27924841 |
| nac transcription factor family genes are differentially expressed in rice during infections with rice dwarf virus, rice black-streaked dwarf virus, rice grassy stunt virus, rice ragged stunt virus, and rice transitory yellowing virus. | expression levels of the nac gene family were studied in rice infected with rice dwarf virus (rdv), rice black-streaked dwarf virus (rbsdv), rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv), rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), and rice transitory yellowing virus (rtyv). microarray analysis showed that 75 (68%) osnac genes were differentially regulated during infection with rdv, rbsdv, rgsv, and rrsv compared with the control. the number of osnac genes up-regulated was highest during rgsv infection, while the lowest n ... | 2015 | 26442000 |
| rice responses and resistance to planthopper-borne viruses at transcriptomic and proteomic levels. | rice (oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, especially in asian areas. rice virus diseases are considered as the most serious threat to rice yields. most rice viruses are transmitted by hemipteran insects such as planthoppers and leafhoppers. in asia five rice viruses are transmitted mainly by three planthopper species in a persistent manner: rice stripe virus, rice black-streaked dwarf virus, rice ragged stunt virus, rice grassy stunt virus, and southern rice bla ... | 2016 | 26363817 |
| development of proteomic technology of shotgun and label free combined with multiple reaction monitoring to simultaneously detect southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus. | the co-infection of rice caused by southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv) and rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) was widely found at many regions, such as yunnan province, china, and north and central vietnam. these rice viral diseases lead to seriously yield loss of rice. in this study, the proteomics technology of shotgun and label free combined with multiple reaction monitoring (mrm) was developed to detect rice sample of a single or/and co-infection. the shotgun assay indicated that s ... | 2014 | 25674599 |
| synergism between southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus enhances their insect vector acquisition. | southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), a tentative species in the genus fijivirus, family reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera). since its discovery in 2001, srbsdv has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern asia and caused large rice losses in china and vietnam. rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) (genus oryzavirus, family reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens). rr ... | 2014 | 24915431 |
| southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus alters insect vectors' host orientation preferences to enhance spread and increase rice ragged stunt virus co-infection. | in recent years, southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (srbsdv), a tentative species in the genus fijivirus (family reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern asia. with this virus spread, rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv, genus oryzavirus, family reoviridae) became more common in southern china, usually in co-infection with the former. srbsdv and rrsv are transmitted by two different species of planthoppers, white-backed planthopper (wbph, sogatel ... | 2014 | 24047253 |
| identification and characterization of the interaction between viroplasm-associated proteins from two different plant-infecting reoviruses and eef-1a of rice. | a rice protein homologous to eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1a (eef-1a) was found to interact with the pns6 of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), the type member of the genus oryzavirus, family reoviridae, in yeast two-hybrid screening. the interaction between the rice protein, designated oseef-1a, and rrsv pns6 was confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. besides pns6, oseef-1a also interacted with the viroplasm matrix protein, pns10, of rrsv. when expressed together, oseef ... | 2013 | 23605590 |
| inherent properties not conserved in other tenuiviruses increase priming and realignment cycles during transcription of rice stripe virus. | two tenuiviruses rice stripe virus (rsv) and rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv) were found to co-infect rice with the same reovirus rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv). during the co-infection, both tenuiviruses recruited 10-21 nucleotides sized capped-rna leaders from the rrsv. a total of 245 and 102 rrsv-rgsv and rrsv-rsv chimeric mrna clones, respectively, were sequenced. an analysis of the sequences suggested a scenario consistent with previously reported data on related viruses, in which capped lead ... | 2016 | 27393974 |
| p2 of rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv) and p6 and p9 of rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) isolates from vietnam exert suppressor activity on the rna silencing pathway. | in vietnam, the two main viruses that cause disease in rice are the rice grassy stunt virus (rgsv) and the rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv). outbreaks of these two viruses have dramatically decreased rice production in vietnam. because natural resistance genes are unknown, an rnai strategy may be an alternative method to develop resistance to rgsv and rrsv. however, this strategy will be efficient only if putative silencing suppressors encoded by the two viruses are neutralized. to identify these ... | 2015 | 26215087 |
| development of continuous cell culture of brown planthopper to trace the early infection process of oryzaviruses in insect vector cells. | rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), an oryzavirus in the family reoviridae, is transmitted by the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, in a persistent-propagative manner. here, we established a continuous cell line of brown planthopper to investigate the mechanism underlying the formation of the viroplasm, the putative site for viral replication and assembly, during infection of rrsv in its insect vector cells. within 24 h of viral infection of cultured cells, the viroplasm had formed and containe ... | 2014 | 24478421 |
| a mitochondrial membrane protein is a target for rice ragged stunt virus in its insect vector. | rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv; reoviridae) is exclusively transmitted by the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens in a persistent-propagative manner. it is understood that rna viral proliferation is associated with the intracellular membranes of the insect host cells. however, the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between the rrsv proliferation and the intracellular membranes remain essentially unknown. it will be of great interest to determine whether rrsv protein(s) directly interact wit ... | 2017 | 28034779 |
| mirna: a novel link between rice ragged stunt virus and oryza sativa. | rice ragged stunt disease caused leads to severe loss of rice yield. recently, rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) were found to be increasingly common in rice-growing regions of china and vietnam. rrsv may cause problem by interacting with micrornas (mirnas) of host cells and the mechanism is not clear yet. in this study we identified 11 mirnas in response to rrsv infection and predicted their possible targets to viral rna segments (s1-s10) through the bioinformatics analysis. interestingly, we foun ... | 2016 | 27570315 |
| suppression of jasmonic acid-mediated defense by viral-inducible microrna319 facilitates virus infection in rice. | micrornas (mirnas) are pivotal modulators of plant development and host-virus interactions. however, the roles and action modes of specific mirnas involved in viral infection and host susceptibility remain largely unclear. in this study, we show that rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv) infection caused increased accumulation of mir319 but decreased expression of mir319-regulated tcp (teosinte branched/cycloidea/pcf) genes, especially tcp21, in rice plants. transgenic rice plants overexpressing mir319 ... | 2016 | 27381440 |
| identification of respiratory syncytial virus nonstructural protein 2 residues essential for exploitation of the host ubiquitin system and inhibition of innate immune responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children worldwide. the rsv nonstructural protein 2 (ns2) is a multifunctional protein that primarily acts to antagonize the innate immune system by targeting stat2 for proteasomal degradation. we investigated the structural determinants of ns2 important for interaction with the host ubiquitin system to degrade stat2 during infection. we found that ns2 expression enhances ubiquitination of host pro ... | 2016 | 27147743 |
| assembly of the viroplasm by viral non-structural protein pns10 is essential for persistent infection of rice ragged stunt virus in its insect vector. | rice ragged stunt virus (rrsv), an oryzavirus, is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent propagative manner. in this study, sequential infection of rrsv in the internal organs of its insect vector after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy. rrsv was first detected in the epithelial cells of the midgut, from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding the midgut, then throughout the visceral muscles of the midgut and hindgut, and finally into t ... | 2012 | 22837415 |
| transmission biology of raspberry latent virus, the first aphid-borne reovirus. | raspberry latent virus (rplv) is a newly characterized reovirus found in commercial raspberry fields in the pacific northwest (pnw). thus far, all members of the plant reoviruses are transmitted in a replicative, persistent manner by several species of leafhoppers or planthoppers. after several failed attempts to transmit rplv using leafhoppers, the large raspberry aphid, commonly found in the pnw, was tested as a vector of the virus. the virus was transmitted to new, healthy raspberry plants wh ... | 2012 | 22352304 |