| septic tank mosquitoes: competition between species in central nigeria. | exit traps, placed over the air vents of septic tanks, were used to examine species diversity and relative abundance of mosquitoes breeding in ammonia-rich waters of septic tanks. of the six species found, culex decens theobald and culex cinereus theobald appeared to be competing successfully with culex quinquefasciatus say during the wet season but not during the long dry season. the seasonal timing of their displacement by cx quinquefasciatus was variable and did not correlate well with climat ... | 1987 | 2979537 |
| extracellular and intracellular rickettsia-like microorganisms in gonads of mosquitoes. | the mosquitoes culex tigripes, c. decens and c. quinquefasciatus have been investigated by electron microscopy. an intracytoplasmic rickettsia-like microorganism is present in ovaries and testes of the three species. an extracellular form of a rickettsia-like microorganism is described in the testis of c. tigripes in which it sometimes appears in great number. the extra- and intracellular forms present ultrastructural differences. the possibility they represent two different morphotypes of the s ... | 1995 | 7585448 |
| endosymbiotic relationship between a rickettsia-like microorganism and the male germ-cells of culex tigripes. | the male mosquitoes of the species culex tigripes possess endosymbionts localized in the cytoplasm of the germ-cells. the somatic cells of the testis do not exhibit this particularity. the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids all possess a few symbionts. they are eliminated in the residual body at the end of spermiogenesis when the spermatozoon matures. they are absent from the seminal vesicles. a few spermatocytes and spermatids show a proliferation of the endosymbionts. this seems to be ... | 1993 | 8096432 |
| possible contributing factors to the paucity of yellow fever epidemics in the ashanti region of ghana, west africa. | yellow fever virus vectors identified in the ashanti region of ghana included aedes aegypti, aedes africanus, aedes luteocephalus and aedes vittatus. other mosquito species, unrelated to yellow fever transmission, identified in this study included culex tigripes, culex thalassius, culex decens, culex tarsalis, anopheles gambiae, anopheles stephansi and toxorynchites brevipalpis. factors generally known to influence yellow fever transmission were also studied in the ashanti region. these included ... | 1996 | 8625858 |
| entomopathogenic fungi for mosquito control: a review. | fungal diseases in insects are common and widespread and can decimate their populations in spectacular epizootics. virtually all insect orders are susceptible to fungal diseases, including dipterans. fungal pathogens such as lagenidium, coelomomyces and culicinomyces are known to affect mosquito populations, and have been studied extensively. there are, however, many other fungi that infect and kill mosquitoes at the larval and/or adult stage. the discovery, in 1977, of the selective mosquito-pa ... | 2004 | 15861235 |
| abundance of immature anopheles and culicines (diptera: culicidae) in different water body types in the urban environment of malindi, kenya. | in this study we 1) describe the abundance of anopheles and culicine immatures in different water body types in urban malindi, kenya, 2) compare anopheles immature density in relation to culicine immature density, and 3) identify characteristics that influence the likelihood of water bodies being co-colonized by anopheles and culicines. entomological and environmental cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2001 and 2002 were used in the analysis. a total of 889 anopheles and 7,217 culicine immatur ... | 2008 | 18697313 |
| interspecies predation between anopheles gambiae s.s. and culex quinquefasciatus larvae. | interaction of aquatic stages of coexisting mosquito species may have significant influence on resulting adult mosquito populations. we used two coexisting species, anopheles gambiae s.s. and culex quinquefasciatus to investigate whether third instars of one species consumed first instars of the other. first instars of one species were readily consumed by a third instar of the other species irrespective food quantity. dna of cx. quinquefasciatus was detected in the eight an. gambiae s.s. third i ... | 2010 | 20380312 |
| culicidae diversity, malaria transmission and insecticide resistance alleles in malaria vectors in ouidah-kpomasse-tori district from benin (west africa): a pre-intervention study. | abstract: | 2010 | 20819214 |
| nonspecific patterns of vector, host and avian malaria parasite associations in a central african rainforest. | malaria parasites use vertebrate hosts for asexual multiplication and culicidae mosquitoes for sexual and asexual development, yet the literature on avian malaria remains biased towards examining the asexual stages of the life cycle in birds. to fully understand parasite evolution and mechanism of malaria transmission, knowledge of all three components of the vector-host-parasite system is essential. little is known about avian parasite-vector associations in african rainforests where numerous s ... | 2010 | 21134011 |
| anopheles gambiae distribution and insecticide resistance in the cities of douala and yaoundé (cameroon): influence of urban agriculture and pollution. | urban malaria is becoming a major health priority across africa. a study was undertaken to assess the importance of urban pollution and agriculture practice on the distribution and susceptibility to insecticide of malaria vectors in the two main cities in cameroon. | 2011 | 21651761 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| emergence of west nile virus lineage 2 in europe: a review on the introduction and spread of a mosquito-borne disease. | west nile virus (wnv) is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes fever and encephalitis in humans, equines, and occasionally wild birds. the virus was first isolated in sub-saharan africa where it is endemic. wnv lineage 1 has been responsible for repeated disease outbreaks in the countries of the mediterranean basin over the past 50 years. this lineage was also introduced into north america in 1999 causing widespread human, equine, and avian mortality. wnv lineage 2, the first wnv lineage to be is ... | 2014 | 25538937 |
| composition and genetic diversity of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) on islands and mainland shores of kenya's lakes victoria and baringo. | the lake baringo and lake victoria regions of kenya are associated with high seroprevalence of mosquito-transmitted arboviruses. however, molecular identification of potential mosquito vector species, including morphologically identified ones, remains scarce. to estimate the diversity, abundance, and distribution of mosquito vectors on the mainland shores and adjacent inhabited islands in these regions, we collected and morphologically identified adult and immature mosquitoes and obtained the co ... | 2016 | 27402888 |
| larval ecology of mosquitoes in sylvatic arbovirus foci in southeastern senegal. | although adult mosquito vectors of sylvatic arbovirus [yellow fever (yfv), dengue-2 (denv-2) and chikungunya (chikv)] have been studied for the past 40 years in southeastern senegal, data are still lacking on the ecology of larval mosquitoes in this area. in this study, we investigated the larval habitats of mosquitoes and characterized their seasonal and spatial dynamics in arbovirus foci. | 2012 | 23216815 |
| matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight mass spectrometry: an emerging tool for the rapid identification of mosquito vectors. | the identification of mosquito vectors is typically based on morphological characteristics using morphological keys of determination, which requires entomological expertise and training. the use of protein profiling by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms), which is increasingly being used for the routine identification of bacteria, has recently emerged for arthropod identification. | 2013 | 23977292 |
| maldi-tof ms as an innovative tool for detection of plasmodium parasites in anopheles mosquitoes. | malaria is still a major public health issue worldwide, and one of the best approaches to fight the disease remains vector control. the current methods for mosquito identification include morphological methods that are generally time-consuming and require expertise, and molecular methods that require laboratory facilities with relatively expensive running costs. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) technology, routinely used for bacterial id ... | 2017 | 28049524 |
| detection of rickettsia spp in ticks by maldi-tof ms. | matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been shown to be an effective tool for the rapid identification of arthropods, including tick vectors of human diseases. | 2015 | 25659152 |
| mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of rift valley fever virus in kenya. | animal hosts may vary in their attraction and acceptability as components of the host location process for assessing preference, and biting rates of vectors and risk of exposure to pathogens. however, these parameters remain poorly understood for mosquito vectors of the rift valley fever (rvf), an arboviral disease, and for a community of mosquitoes. | 2016 | 27036889 |
| impact of land-use on malaria transmission in the plateau region, southeastern benin. | the goal of the study is to investigate if local agricultural practices have an impact on malaria transmission in four villages located in the same geographical area within a radius of 15 kilometers. among the villages, one (itassoumba) is characterized by the presence of a large market garden and fishpond basins, the three others (itakpako, djohounkollé and ko-koumolou) are characterized by traditional food-producing agriculture. | 2013 | 24330734 |
| impact of operational effectiveness of long-lasting insecticidal nets (llins) on malaria transmission in pyrethroid-resistant areas. | a dynamic study on the transmission of malaria was conducted in two areas (r⁺ area: low resistance area; r⁺⁺⁺ area: high resistance area) in the department of plateau in south eastern benin, where the population is protected by long lasting insecticidal nets (llins). the aim of this study was to determine if the resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides has an impact on their behavior and on the effectiveness of llins in the reduction of malaria transmission. | 2013 | 24499508 |
| survey of the mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) of mayotte. | a transversal survey of immature mosquitoes was conducted on mayotte island (france) in the comoros archipelago, western indian ocean, with the aim to inventory the culicidae and to document inter-species relationships in different habitats. in total 420 habitats were sampled for larvae and/or pupae mosquitoes, resulting in more than 6,000 specimens. forty species belonging to 15 genera were collected, with eight taxa integrated for the first time to the mayotte mosquito list. the most frequentl ... | 2014 | 25004163 |
| comparison of methods for xenomonitoring in vectors of lymphatic filariasis in northeastern tanzania. | monitoring wuchereria bancrofti infection in mosquitoes (xenomonitoring) can play an important role in determining when lymphatic filariasis has been eliminated, or in focusing control efforts. as mosquito infection rates can be low, a method for collecting large numbers of mosquitoes is necessary. gravid traps collected large numbers of culex quinquefasciatus in tanzania, and a collection method that targets mosquitoes that have already fed could result in increased sensitivity in detecting w. ... | 2015 | 26350454 |
| enhancement of the bg-sentinel trap with varying number of mice for field sampling of male and female aedes albopictus mosquitoes. | trapping male mosquitoes in the field is essential for the development of area-wide vector control programs with a sterile insect technique (sit) component. to determine the optimal temporal and spatial release strategy, an estimation of the wild population density and its temporal dynamics is essential. among the traps available for such data collection, the bg-sentinel trap developed by the biogents company uses a combination of visual cues, convection currents and olfactory signals. although ... | 2016 | 27658455 |
| gravid anopheles gambiae sensu stricto avoid ovipositing in bermuda grass hay infusion and it's volatiles in two choice egg-count bioassays. | a number of mosquito species in the culex and aedes genera prefer to lay eggs in bermuda grass (cynodon dactylon) hay infusions compared to water alone. these mosquitoes are attracted to volatile compounds from the hay infusions making the infusions effective baits in gravid traps used for monitoring vectors of arboviral and filarial pathogens. since bermuda grass is abundant and widespread, it is plausible to explore infusions made from it as a potential low cost bait for outdoor monitoring of ... | 2016 | 27177033 |
| temporal patterns of abundance of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) and mitochondrial dna analysis of ae. albopictus in the central african republic. | the invasive asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) was first reported in central africa in 2000, in cameroon, with the indigenous mosquito species ae. aegypti (diptera: culicidae). today, this invasive species is present in almost all countries of the region, including the central african republic (car), where it was first recorded in 2009. as invasive species of mosquitoes can affect the distribution of native species, resulting in new patterns of vectors and concomitant ri ... | 2013 | 24349596 |
| [updated inventory of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) of the island of la réunion, indian ocean]. | a literature analysis coupled with new entomological surveys conducted between 2009 and 2012 led to changes in the list of mosquito species present on the island of la réunion. using morphological criteria, orthopodomyia arboricollis is replaced by or. reunionensis. on the basis of morphometrical and genetic criteria, culex univittatus is replaced by cx. neavei. cx. poicilipes, which was already reported missing 40 years ago, has not been found again. anopheles arabiensis is confirmed as the onl ... | 2013 | 23681758 |
| entomological assessment of yellow fever-epidemic risk indices in benue state, nigeria, 2010-2011. | yellow fever (yf) is a vector-borne disease affecting humans and non-human primates in tropical areas. in the past, there have been pockets of yf outbreaks in nigeria that resulted in preventable deaths. surveillance efforts towards avoiding another outbreak have been put in place with the aim of early detection and control. however, risk indices relating to the density of immature yf-mosquito vectors are given little consideration even though it is the first step in curbing a possible outbreak. ... | 2016 | 27189925 |
| mosquitoes of western uganda. | the mosquito fauna in many areas of western uganda has never been studied and is currently unknown. one area, bwamba county, has been previously studied and documented but the species lists have not been updated for >40 yr. this paucity of data makes it difficult to determine which arthropod-borne viruses pose a risk to human or animal populations. using co2 baited-light traps, from 2008 through 2010, 67,731 mosquitoes were captured at five locations in western uganda including mweya, sempaya, m ... | 2012 | 23270157 |
| urbanization is a main driver for the larval ecology of aedes mosquitoes in arbovirus-endemic settings in south-eastern côte d'ivoire. | failure in detecting naturally occurring breeding sites of aedes mosquitoes can bias the conclusions drawn from field studies, and hence, negatively affect intervention outcomes. we characterized the habitats of immature aedes mosquitoes and explored species dynamics along a rural-to-urban gradient in a west africa setting where yellow fever and dengue co-exist. | 2017 | 28704434 |
| spermatogenesis in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | an ultrastructural study of spermatogenesis has been carried out on 18 species of mosquitoes of the anophelinae, culicinae and toxorhynchitinae sub-families. in this spermatogenesis, which follows a classical way, primordial cells, primary and secondary spermatogonia, as well as primary and secondary spermatocysts are considered. we have identified 9 stages of development all along the spermiogenesis. this process ends up with the formation of a needle-like spermatozoon showing head and tail reg ... | 1996 | 8765580 |
| podophyllotoxin-induced modifications of the nuclear envelope. | in spermatids of culex tigripes (culicidae) the manchette is composed of numerous expansion-bearing microtubules which surround the nucleus. under the action of podophyllotoxin, in zones where manchette microtubules are absent, the nuclear envelope bulges and forms abnormal extranuclear vesicles. we hypothesize that this newly recognized capacity of podophyllotoxin is due to its action on microtubule-membrane relationships. | 2013 | 8373703 |
| process of nuclear envelope reduction in spermiogenesis of a mosquito, culex tigripes. | when the culex tigripes spermatid begins to elongate, the nucleus exhibits on its surface invaginations of the nuclear envelope. these invaginations have a uniform diameter of 0.3 microns. they separate from the envelope of the nucleus and form spherical intranuclear vesicles. in the old spermatids these vesicles are imprisoned in the condensed chromatin. the spermatozoon also possesses these vesicles which are then ovoid in shape. this process of vesiculation permits the diminution of the surfa ... | 1993 | 8471261 |