| effect of tyrosinase inhibitors on tuber borchii mycelium growth in vitro. | this paper reports the effect of the tyrosinase (monophenol o-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase; ec 1.14.18.1) inhibitors diethyldithiocarbamate (detc), l-tropolone, kojic acid, phenylthiourea (ptu) and l-mimosine on the in vitro growth of tuber borchii (a white truffle) mycelium. a significant inhibitory effect on mycelium growth was observed for detc, ptu and l-tropolone (0% growth compared to control at 100 microg ml(-1) detc, ptu and l-tropolone and at 10 microg ml(-1) detc and l-tropolone). as ... | 1999 | 10547446 |
| phylogenetic characterization and in situ detection of a cytophaga-flexibacter-bacteroides phylogroup bacterium in tuber borchii vittad. ectomycorrhizal mycelium. | mycorrhizal ascomycetous fungi are obligate ectosymbionts that colonize the roots of gymnosperms and angiosperms. in this paper we describe a straightforward approach in which a combination of morphological and molecular methods was used to survey the presence of potentially endo- and epiphytic bacteria associated with the ascomycetous ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. universal eubacterial primers specific for the 5' and 3' ends of the 16s rrna gene (16s rdna) were used for pcr ampli ... | 2000 | 11055961 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of the hxk-1 gene from the white truffle tuber borchii vittad.: a first step toward understanding sugar metabolism. | recent biochemical investigations of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium have demonstrated the presence of three distinct forms of hexokinase (hk(m1), hk(m2), and hkm3). in the investigation described here, a gene coding for hexokinase (hxk-1) from t. borchii was isolated and characterized. the hxk-1 gene is characterized by an orf of 1494 nucleotides and codes for a polypeptide of 497 aa. the gene was overexpressed in escherichia coli, and the recombinant protein was kinetically characterized. the k ... | 2001 | 11407882 |
| a nutrient-regulated, dual localization phospholipase a(2) in the symbiotic fungus tuber borchii. | important morphogenetic transitions in fungi are triggered by starvation-induced changes in the expression of structural surface proteins. here, we report that nutrient deprivation causes a strong and reversible up-regulation of tbsp1, a surface-associated, ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase from the mycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii. tbsp1 is the first phospholipase a(2) to be described in fungi and identifies a novel class of phospholipid-hydrolyzing enzymes. the tbsp1 phospholipase, which is synth ... | 2001 | 11566873 |
| a high-affinity ammonium transporter from the mycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii. | an ammonium transporter cdna, named tbamt1, was isolated from the ectomycorrhizal ascomycetous truffle tuber borchii. the polypeptide encoded by tbamt1 (52 kda) functionally complements ammonium uptake-defective yeast mutants and shares sequence similarity with previously characterized ammonium transporters from saccharomyces (mep) and arabidopsis (atamt1). structural characteristics common to the mep/amt family and peculiar features of the tuber transporter have been evidenced by a detailed top ... | 2002 | 12051892 |
| competitive pcr for quantitation of a cytophaga-flexibacter-bacteroides phylum bacterium associated with the tuber borchii vittad. mycelium. | an uncultured bacterium associated with the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. was identified as a novel member of the cytophaga-flexibacter-bacteroides group. utilizing a quantitative pcr targeting the 16s rrna gene, we relatively quantified this bacterium in the host. the estimated number of bacteria was found to be approximately 10(6) cells per 30-day-old t. borchii mycelium culture. this represents the first molecular attempt to enumerate an uncultured bacterium associated with a m ... | 2002 | 12450871 |
| a putative mitochondrial fission gene from the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii vittad.: cloning, characterisation and phylogeny. | mitochondrial binary division is a complex process occurring in multiple steps, mediated by several proteins. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a mitochondrial membrane protein, fis1p, is required for the proper assembly of the mitochondrial division apparatus. in this study, we report the cloning, characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of tbfis1, a gene from the ectomycorrhizal ascomycetous truffle tuber borchii, encoding for an orthologue of s. cerevisiae fis1p. the tbfis1 coding region consist ... | 2003 | 12910371 |
| agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer and enhanced green fluorescent protein visualization in the mycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii: a first step towards truffle genetics. | mycorrhizal ascomycetes are ecologically and commercially important fungi that have proved impervious to genetic transformation so far. we report here on the successful transient transformation of tuber borchii, an ectomycorrhizal ascomycete that colonizes a variety of trees and produces highly prized hypogeous fruitbodies known as "truffles". a hypervirulent agrobacterium tumefaciens strain bearing the binary plasmid pbgghg was used for transformation. the genes for hygromycin resistance and th ... | 2005 | 15868150 |
| new evidence for bacterial diversity in the ascoma of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. | the microbial community associated with ascocarps of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. was studied by both cultivation and direct extraction of bacterial 16s rrna gene (rdna) sequence approaches. the inner part of six t. borchii ascoma collected in north-central italy was used to establish a bacterial culture collection and to extract the total genomic dna to obtain a library of 16s rdnas representative of the truffle bacterial community. most of the isolates were affiliated to th ... | 2005 | 15927744 |
| the anti-hiv cyanovirin-n domain is evolutionarily conserved and occurs as a protein module in eukaryotes. | a novel protein family homologous to the sugar-binding antiviral protein cyanovirin-n (cvn) is described. cvn, an 11-kda protein that, by binding to the high-mannose moiety of certain viral surface glycoproteins, blocks virus entry into target cells, has thus far been identified only in the cyanobacterium nostoc ellipsosporum. here we show that cvn belongs to a protein family identified by analysis of transcript sequences deriving from a gene expression profiling study conducted in the truffle t ... | 2005 | 16003744 |
| characterization and complementation of a fus3/kss1 type mapk from tuber borchii, tbmk. | mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) are used by organisms to transduce extra cellular signals from the environment in cellular events such as proliferation and differentiation. in the present study, we have characterized the first mapk from the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii (tbmk) which belongs to the yerk1 (yeast extra cellular regulated kinase) subfamily. tbmk is present as a single copy in the genome and the codified protein was phosphorylated during the interaction with the host ... | 2006 | 16705420 |
| molecular and functional characterization of a rho gdp dissociation inhibitor in the filamentous fungus tuber borchii. | small gtpases of the rho family function as tightly regulated molecular switches that govern important cellular functions in eukaryotes. several families of regulatory proteins control their activation cycle and subcellular localization. members of the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (gdi) family sequester rho gtpases from the plasma membrane and keep them in an inactive form. | 2008 | 18400087 |
| nmr solution structure of a cyanovirin homolog from wheat head blight fungus. | members of the cyanovirin-n homolog (cvnh) lectin family are found in bacteria, fungi and plants. as part of our ongoing work on cvnh structure-function studies, we determined the high-resolution nmr solution structure of the homolog from the wheat head blight disease causing ascomycetous fungus gibberella zeae (or fusarium graminearum), hereafter called gzcvnh. like cyanovirin-n (cv-n), gzcvnh comprises two tandem sequence repeats and the protein sequence exhibits 30% identity with cv-n. the ov ... | 2011 | 21365681 |
| truffles regulate plant root morphogenesis via the production of auxin and ethylene. | truffles are symbiotic fungi that form ectomycorrhizas with plant roots. here we present evidence that at an early stage of the interaction, i.e. prior to physical contact, mycelia of the white truffle tuber borchii and the black truffle tuber melanopsorum induce alterations in root morphology of the host cistus incanus and the nonhost arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana; i.e. primary root shortening, lateral root formation, root hair stimulation). this was most likely due to the production of ind ... | 2009 | 19535471 |
| diversity of culturable bacterial populations associated to tuber borchii ectomycorrhizas and their activity on t. borchii mycelial growth. | isolation and physiological and molecular characterisation of culturable bacterial strains belonging to actinomycetes, pseudomonads and aerobic spore-forming bacteria were carried out on mycorrhizal root tips of quercus robur var. peduncolata infected by tuber borchii. cellular density of the three bacterial groups in ectomycorrhizal root tips was estimated to be 1.3+/-0.11 x 10(6) cfu g(-1) dry weight for total heterotrophic bacteria and 1.08+/-0.6 x 10(5) (mean+/-s.e.), 1.3+/-0.3 x 10(5) and 1 ... | 2002 | 12076812 |
| possible involvement of pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillaceae in structural modifications of tuber borchii fruit bodies. | previous studies on tuber borchii fruit bodies in early maturation stages suggested a role of bacteria in sporocarp structural modifications. in order to verify this hypothesis, in the present study we investigated by means of microbial and ultrastructural approaches, the bacterial population of t. borchii sporocarps from intermediate maturation phases to advanced decomposition stages, paying particular attention to chitinolytic and cellulolytic bacteria and to their relationships with ascii and ... | 2001 | 11315117 |
| adhesion to hyphal matrix and antifungal activity of pseudomonas strains isolated from tuber borchii ascocarps. | pseudomonas spp. isolates from tuber borchii ascocarps, known to be able to produce phytoregulatory and biocontrol substances in pure culture, were used to perform studies on their possible physiological role in nature. antimycotic activity was confirmed against fungal contaminants isolated from the ascocarps, suggesting that populations associated with tuber borchii fruit bodies may play a role in the maintenance of ascocarp health. fifty-five percent of strains tested were also able to release ... | 2000 | 10749539 |
| mycorrhizal detection of native and non-native truffles in a historic arboretum and the discovery of a new north american species, tuber arnoldianum sp. nov. | during a study comparing the ectomycorrhizal root communities in a native forest with those at the arnold arboretum in massachusetts (usa), the european species tuber borchii was detected on the roots of a native red oak in the arboretum over two successive years. since t. borchii is an economically important edible truffle native to europe, we conducted a search of other roots in the arboretum to determine the extent of colonization. we also wanted to determine whether other non-native tuber sp ... | 2016 | 27282772 |
| mycorrhization of pecan trees (carya illinoinensis) with commercial truffle species: tuber aestivum vittad. and tuber borchii vittad. | pecan (carya illinoinensis) is an economically important nut tree native to the mississippi basin and cultivated worldwide. in north america, species of truffles are regularly found fruiting in productive pecan orchards and the truffle genus tuber appears to be abundant in pecan ectomycorrhizal (em) communities. as an initial step to determine the feasibility of co-cropping european truffle species with pecan, we evaluated whether mycorrhizae of highly esteemed european truffle species (tuber ae ... | 2012 | 21986799 |
| mycorrhization of pecan (carya illinoinensis) with black truffles: tuber melanosporum and tuber brumale. | pecan, carya illinoinensis, is an economically important nut producing tree that can establish ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with a high diversity of fungi. in the southern usa, truffles (tuber spp.) sometimes fruit prolifically in cultivated pecan orchards and regularly associate with pecan roots as ectomycorrhizae (ecms). it has been demonstrated that some valuable european truffle species (e.g., tuber borchii and tuber aestivum) can form ecms with pecan seedlings in nursery conditions. thus, peca ... | 2017 | 27838857 |
| characterization of tuber borchii and arbutus unedo mycorrhizas. | for the first time, arbutoid mycorrhizas established between tuber borchii and arbutus unedo were described. analyzed mycorrhizas were from one t. borchii natural truffle ground, dominated by pinus pinea, as well as synthesized in greenhouse conditions. a. unedo mycorrhizas presented some typical characteristics of ectomycorrhizas of t. borchii. however, as in arbutoid mycorrhizas, ramification was cruciform and intracellular colonization in epidermal cells was present. the ability of t. borchii ... | 2014 | 24535602 |
| truffle volatiles inhibit growth and induce an oxidative burst in arabidopsis thaliana. | the function of fungal volatiles in fungal-plant interactions is poorly understood. the aim here was to address this lack of knowledge, focusing on truffles, ectomycorrhizal fungi that are highly appreciated for their aroma. the effect of volatiles released by truffles was tested on arabidopsis thaliana in a closed chamber bioassay. the volatiles produced by tuber melanosporum, tuber indicum and tuber borchii fruiting bodies inhibited a. thaliana in terms of root length and cotyledon leaf size, ... | 2007 | 17635217 |
| integrative gene transfer in the truffle tuber borchii by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is a powerful tool for reverse genetics and functional genomic analysis in a wide variety of plants and fungi. tuber spp. are ecologically important and gastronomically prized fungi ("truffles") with a cryptic life cycle, a subterranean habitat and a symbiotic, but also facultative saprophytic lifestyle. the genome of a representative member of this group of fungi has recently been sequenced. however, because of their poor genetic tractability, i ... | 2014 | 24949275 |
| a dehydration-inducible gene in the truffle tuber borchii identifies a novel group of dehydrins. | the expressed sequence tag m6g10 was originally isolated from a screening for differentially expressed transcripts during the reproductive stage of the white truffle tuber borchii. mrna levels for m6g10 increased dramatically during fruiting body maturation compared to the vegetative mycelial stage. | 2006 | 16512918 |
| genomic suppression subtractive hybridization as a tool to identify differences in mycorrhizal fungal genomes. | characterization of genomic variation among different microbial species, or different strains of the same species, is a field of significant interest with a wide range of potential applications. we have investigated the genomic variation in mycorrhizal fungal genomes through genomic suppressive subtractive hybridization. the comparison was between phylogenetically distant and close truffle species (tuber spp.), and between isolates of the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus oidiodendron maius featuring d ... | 2011 | 21362020 |
| the tuber borchii fruiting body-specific protein tbf-1, a novel lectin which interacts with associated rhizobium species. | lectins, proteins that are able to bind carbohydrate structures, are typically involved in cell recognition mechanisms. we demonstrate here that tbf-1, the main soluble protein in the tuber borchii vittad. fruiting body, is a phase-specific lectin that is able selectively to bind the exopolysaccharides produced by ascoma-associated rhizobium spp. characterization of tbf-1 was performed using both the protein purified from the truffles and the recombinant protein overexpressed in escherichia coli ... | 2008 | 18505412 |
| molecular characterisation of the small gtpase cdc42 in the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. | the small gtpase cdc42 is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes, where it participates in the regulation of the cytoskeleton and a wide range of cellular processes, including cytokinesis, gene expression, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. as very little is known on the molecular level about mycorrhizal morphogenesis and development and these events depend on a tightly regulated reorganisation of the cytoskeleton network in filamentous fungi, we focused on the molecular charact ... | 2007 | 17762910 |
| yeast expression of the tuber borchii fruiting body specific protein, tbf-1: identification of a noncanonical signal peptide. | the tbf-1 is an 11.9-kda fruiting body specific protein of the ascomycetes hypogeous fungus tuber borchii vittad. found in aqueous extract and the hyphal cell wall. the tbf-1 gene codes a 12-amino acid n-terminal stretch not present in mature protein. this sequence does not match with any homologous signal sequences stored in data banks. to investigate the role of the n-terminus in tbf-1 localization, cdna was expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the 3-phosphoglycerate kina ... | 2007 | 17581140 |
| molecular characterisation of a tuber borchii smt3 gene. | tbsmt3 gene from the ectomychorrizal fungus tuber borchii was identified and sequenced. the tbsmt3 gene encodes for a protein sharing significant amino acid homology with the yeast smt3, a ubiquitin-like protein that is post-translationally attached to several proteins involved in many cellular processes. the comparison between the tbsmt3 genomic and cdna sequences established that the encoding sequence is interrupted by an intron of 312 bp. southern blot analysis revealed only one copy of tbsmt ... | 2006 | 17023169 |
| hexose uptake in the plant symbiotic ascomycete tuber borchii vittadini: biochemical features and expression pattern of the transporter tbhxt1. | here, we report the first evidence of a hexose transporter gene, tbhxt1, in the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii vittadini. the protein encoded by tbhxt1 functionally complements the hxt-null mutant saccharomyces cerevisiae ebyvw.4000. tbhxt1 has a strong preference for d-glucose (k(m)=38+/-10 microm) over d-fructose (k(m)=16+/-5mm) and uncoupling experiments indicate that tbhxt1 catalyzes the transport via a proton-symport mechanism. the investigations on the substrate specificity revea ... | 2007 | 17005424 |
| current state and perspectives of truffle genetics and sustainable biotechnology. | mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus tuber produce, after the establishment of a productive interaction with a plant host, hypogeous fruitbodies of great economic value known as ''truffles''. this review summarizes the state of art on life cycle, genetic, and biotechnological investigations of tuber spp. the ascocarp formation in truffles is a consequence of the activation of the sexual phase of the biological cycle. the formation of a dikaryotic secondary mycelium and the karyogamy in the a ... | 2006 | 16802150 |
| determination of microbial volatile organic compounds from staphylococcus pasteuri against tuber borchii using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry. | the mycelium of tuber borchii vittad., a commercial truffle species, is used as a model system for in vitro ectomycorrhizal synthesis, infected seedling production and biotechnological applications. our fungal cultures were accidentally contaminated with a staphylococcus pasteuri strain, showing a strong antifungal activity against t. borchii mycelium. in order to identify the antifungal volatile agents produced by s. pasteuri, solid-phase microextraction (spme) with gas chromatography and mass ... | 2005 | 16259047 |
| functional properties and differential mode of regulation of the nitrate transporter from a plant symbiotic ascomycete. | nitrogen assimilation by plant symbiotic fungi plays a central role in the mutualistic interaction established by these organisms, as well as in nitrogen flux in a variety of soils. in the present study, we report on the functional properties, structural organization and distinctive mode of regulation of tbnrt2 (tuber borchii nrt2 family transporter), the nitrate transporter of the mycorrhizal ascomycete t. borchii. as revealed by experiments conducted in a nitrate-uptake-defective mutant of the ... | 2006 | 16201972 |
| expression and purification of a tuber borchii fruitbody-specific protein, tbf-1, from escherichia coli: generation of polyclonal antibodies. | tbf-1 is a fruitbody-specific protein present in the white truffle species tuber borchii vittad. a similar protein has been found only in the closely related species tuber dryophilum (tdf-1), but not in other truffles. the protein from t. borchii was overexpressed as fusion protein in e. coli and was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. recombinant protein was used for generating polyclonal antibodies. the antiserum strongly reacted with tbf-1, weakly recognized tdf-1, and did not ... | 2005 | 15881596 |
| adhesion of ectomycorrhizal bacteria to plant cells: an in vitro evidence. | in this study we have investigated, by combining microbial and microscopical techniques, the adhesion ability of bacteria present in tuber borchii ectomycorrhizosphere. our data demonstrate that a common pool of bacteria - pseudomonas, bacillus, micrococcus and moraxella - occurs in all ectomycorrhizal homogenates and that most of these bacteria are able to attach in vitro to plant cells. | 2004 | 15208089 |
| the role of the glyoxylate cycle in the symbiotic fungus tuber borchii: expression analysis and subcellular localization. | expression profiles of isocitrate lyase (tbicl), malate synthase (tbmls) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (tbfbp) from the mycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii were investigated by real-time rt-pcr in fruiting bodies at different stages of maturation. in addition, a time course experiment was set up to determine how the transcription profile of tbicl, tbmls and tbfbp in axenic-grown mycelia is affected by different carbon sources. the transcript levels of the three genes in the fruiting bodies we ... | 2007 | 17701038 |
| a nonnative and a native fungal plant pathogen similarly stimulate ectomycorrhizal development but are perceived differently by a fungal symbiont. | the effects of plant symbionts on host defence responses against pathogens have been extensively documented, but little is known about the impact of pathogens on the symbiosis and if such an impact may differ for nonnative and native pathogens. here, this issue was addressed in a study of the model system comprising pinus pinea, its ectomycorrhizal symbiont tuber borchii, and the nonnative and native pathogens heterobasidion irregulare and heterobasidion annosum, respectively. in a 6-month inocu ... | 2017 | 27870066 |
| estuber db: an online database for tuber borchii est sequences. | the estuber database (http://www.itb.cnr.it/estuber) includes 3,271 tuber borchii expressed sequence tags (est). the dataset consists of 2,389 sequences from an in-house prepared cdna library from truffle vegetative hyphae, and 882 sequences downloaded from genbank and representing four libraries from white truffle mycelia and ascocarps at different developmental stages. an automated pipeline was prepared to process est sequences using public software integrated by in-house developed perl script ... | 2007 | 17430557 |
| identification and characterization of the tuber borchii d-mannitol dehydrogenase which defines a new subfamily within the polyol-specific medium chain dehydrogenases. | a novel nadp(+)-dependent d-mannitol dehydrogenase and the corresponding gene from the plant symbiotic ascomycete fungus tuber borchii was identified and characterized. the enzyme, called tbmdh, is a homotetramer with two zinc atoms per subunit. it catalyzed both d-fructose reduction and d-mannitol oxidation, although it showed the highest substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency for d-fructose. co-factor specificity was restricted to nadp(h) and the reaction proceeded via a sequential ord ... | 2007 | 17317242 |
| truffle biogeography-a case study revealing ecological niche separation of different tuber species. | ecology of hypogeic mycorrhizal fungi, such as truffles, remains largely unknown, both in terms of their geographical distribution and their environmental niches. occurrence of true truffles (tuber spp.) was therefore screened using specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays and subsequent pcr amplicon sequencing in tree roots collected at 322 field sites across the czech republic. these sites spanned a wide range of climatic and soil conditions. the sampling was a priori restricted to area ... | 2017 | 28649340 |
| truffle renaissance in poland - history, present and prospects. | the use of truffles in poland has a long tradition, yet due to some historical aspects, this knowledge was lost. currently, truffles and truffle orchards are again receiving attention, and thanks to, e.g., historical data, they have solid foundations to be established. publications relating to truffles between 1661 and 2017 were searched for in international and national databases, such as the database of phd theses, google scholar, and catalogues of the national library of poland, the jagiellon ... | 2017 | 28619090 |
| characterization of the reproductive mode and life cycle of the whitish truffle t. borchii. | truffles are the fruiting structures of ascomycetes in the genus tuber. because of their economic importance, truffles have been cultivated for many years using artificially inoculated host plants. nevertheless, the life cycle and reproductive mode of tuber spp. are still poorly understood. in filamentous ascomycetes, sexual reproduction is genetically controlled by the mating-type (mat) locus. among tuber spp., the mat locus has been recently characterized in the black truffles tuber melanospor ... | 2016 | 26968742 |
| tuber borchii mycelial protoplasts isolation, characterization and functional delivery of liposome content, a new step towards truffles biotechnology. | the filametous ascomycete tuber borchii is a plant-symbiotic ectomycorrhizal microrganism with an high value due to the production of hypogeous fruitbodies (truffles). the present work was undertaken to develop a procedure for the release of t. borchii viable protoplasts from tuber mycelium, isolate attc 96540; several factors which affect the isolation, morphology and viability were examined and developed in order to improve applications of t. borchii protoplasts in morphological, biochemical a ... | 2005 | 16260098 |
| transcript profiling reveals novel marker genes involved in fruiting body formation in tuber borchii. | cdna arrays were used to explore mechanisms controlling fruiting body development in the truffle tuber borchii. differences in gene expression were higher between reproductive and vegetative stage than between two stages of fruiting body maturation. we suggest hypotheses about the importance of various physiological processes during the development of fruiting bodies. | 2005 | 16151254 |
| phospholipase a2 up-regulation during mycorrhiza formation in tuber borchii. | tbsp1 is a secreted and surface-associated phospholipase a(2) previously found to be up-regulated in c- or n-deprived free-living mycelia from the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii. as nutrient limitation is considered an important environmental factor favouring the transition to symbiotic status, tbsp1 was suggested to be involved in the formation of mycorrhizas. an in vitro symbiosis system between cistus incanus and t. borchii was set up: tbsp1 mrna levels in free-living mycelia and in ... | 2005 | 15948845 |
| truffle diversity (tuber, tuberaceae) in british columbia. | to improve baseline data for the developing truffle industry in british columbia, we compiled existing tuber species sequences from published and unpublished studies and generated new its sequences for truffles belonging to tuber collected in the province. in doing so, we obtained evidence that 13 species of tuber occur in the province, including six introduced and seven native species, two of which are putative undescribed species. of the native species, the tuber anniae species complex is wide ... | 2016 | 27083929 |
| effect of storage on biochemical and microbiological parameters of edible truffle species. | the effects of different storage treatments on the most common edible truffle species, such as tuber magnatum and tuber borchii (white truffles), tuber melanosporum and tuber aestivum (black truffles), were analysed. biochemical and microbiological profiles were monitored, in order to evaluate possible alterations during truffle preservation. after harvesting, some fresh samples were kept at 4°c for 30days, other samples were frozen at -20°c for one month, thawed and preserved at 4°c; the remain ... | 2008 | 26054259 |
| viability and infectivity of tuber borchii after cryopreservation. | truffles (tuber spp.) are the most precious ectomycorrhizal edible mushrooms whose biodiversity is seriously endangered. | 2017 | 28376141 |
| first evidence for truffle production from plants inoculated with mycelial pure cultures. | truffle (tuber spp.) cultivation is based on raising mycorrhizal trees in greenhouses that have been inoculated with suspensions of ascospores. the problem with this is that pests, pathogens, and other mycorrhizal fungi can contaminate the trees. furthermore, because ascospores are produced sexually, each plant potentially has a different genetic mycorrhizal makeup from each other so tailoring the mycorrhizal component of plants to suit a particular set of soil and climatic conditions is out of ... | 2016 | 27103310 |
| phylogenetic analyses of chinese tuber species that resemble t. borchii reveal the existence of the new species t. hubeiense and t. wumengense. | in phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacers and 28s nuc rdna and translation elongation factor 1-α to compare chinese white truffle specimens that have ascomata resembling the european tuber borchii, the sequences of chinese species resembling t. borchii in morphology grouped into seven distinct clusters among three clades: puberulum, maculatum and latisporum no sequences from these chinese species matched those of the european t. borchii and the occurrence of the european ... | 2016 | 26740546 |
| photomorphogenesis in the hypogeous fungus tuber borchii: isolation and characterization of tbwc-1, the homologue of the blue-light photoreceptor of neurospora crassa. | truffles form a group of plant-symbiotic ascomycetes whose hypogeous life cycle is poorly understood. here we present initial evidence for the influence of light on tuber borchii mycelial growth and the identification and cloning of a gene, tbwc-1, homologous to a blue-light photoreceptor of neurospora crassa. blue-light irradiation of t. borchii colonies inhibits their apical growth. it also alters apical growth in n. crassa. in neurospora, the response is controlled by a nuclear photoreceptor, ... | 2004 | 15275664 |
| the evolutionarily conserved family of cyanovirin-n homologs: structures and carbohydrate specificity. | solution structures for three members of the recently discovered cyanovirin-n (cv-n) homolog family of lectins have been determined. cyanovirin-n homologs (cvnhs) from tuber borchii, ceratopteris richardii, and neurospora crassa, representing each of the three phylogenetic groups, were selected. all proteins exhibit the same fold, and the overall structures resemble that of the founding member of the family, cv-n, albeit with noteworthy differences in loop conformation and detailed local structu ... | 2008 | 18400178 |
| characterization and mrna expression profile of the tbnre1 gene of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii. | this study focuses on the cloning and characterization of the major nitrogen regulator element from the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii, tbnre1. sequence analysis of the predicted protein and complementation experiments in neurospora crassa demonstrated that the cloned gene is orthologous to area/nit-2 gene. transcriptional expression investigations by real-time rt-pcr showed tbnre1 up-regulation in the presence of nitrate or in the absence of nitrogen during free-living mycelium growth. on ... | 2009 | 19115055 |
| sulfur volatiles of microbial origin are key contributors to human-sensed truffle aroma. | truffles are symbiotic fungi in high demand for the aroma of their fruiting bodies which are colonized by a diverse microbial flora. specific sulfur containing volatiles (thiophene derivatives) characteristic of the white truffle tuber borchii were recently shown to be derived from the bacterial community inhabiting truffle fruiting bodies. our aim here was to investigate whether thiophene derivatives contributed to the human-sensed aroma of t. borchii. furthermore, we questioned whether the con ... | 2015 | 25573471 |
| bacteria associated with truffle-fruiting bodies contribute to truffle aroma. | truffles, symbiotic fungi renown for the captivating aroma of their fruiting bodies, are colonized by a complex bacterial community of unknown function. we characterized the bacterial community of the white truffle tuber borchii and tested the involvement of its microbiome in the production of sulphur-containing volatiles. we found that sulphur-containing volatiles such as thiophene derivatives, characteristic of t. borchii fruiting bodies, resulted from the biotransformation of non-volatile pre ... | 2015 | 24903279 |
| autoproteolytic activation of a symbiosis-regulated truffle phospholipase a2. | fungal phospholipases are members of the fungal/bacterial group xiv secreted phospholipases a(2) (spla(2)s). tbsp1, the spla(2) primarily addressed in this study, is up-regulated by nutrient deprivation and is preferentially expressed in the symbiotic stage of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii. a peculiar feature of this phospholipase and of its ortholog from the black truffle tuber melanosporum is the presence of a 54-amino acid sequence of unknown functional significance, interposed bet ... | 2013 | 23192346 |
| effect of 300 mt static and 50 hz 0.1 mt extremely low frequency magnetic fields on tuber borchii mycelium. | the present work aimed to investigate whether exposure to static magnetic field (smf) and extremely low frequency magnetic field (elf-mf) can induce biomolecular changes on tuber borchii hyphal growth. tuber borchii mycelium was exposed for 1 h for 3 consecutive days to a smf of 300 mt or an elf-mf of 0.1 mt 50 hz. gene expression and biochemical analyses were performed. in mycelia exposed to elf-mf, some genes involved in hyphal growth, investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain ... | 2012 | 23009616 |
| studies on volatile organic compounds of tuber borchii and t. asa-foetida. | ascomata of two truffle species, tuber borchii and t. asa-foetida, both naturally growing in woodlands of the basilicata region (southern italy), were identified on the basis of ascospore morphology and compared under a volatile organic compound profile to determine the particular volatile organic compounds that characterize each taxon. solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the samples showed the presence of 1-methyl-1,3-butadiene as a primary component in ... | 2012 | 22685100 |
| intraspecific genotypic variability determines concentrations of key truffle volatiles. | • aroma variability in truffles has been attributed to maturation (tuber borchii), linked to environmental factors (tuber magnatum), but the involvement of genetic factors has been ignored. we investigated aroma variability in tuber uncinatum, a species with wide distribution. our aim was to assess aroma variability at different spatial scales (i.e. trees, countries) and to quantify how aroma was affected by genotype, fruiting body maturity, and geographical origin. • a volatile fingerprinting m ... | 2012 | 22394027 |
| pcr amplification and polymorphism analysis of the intergenic spacer region of ribosomal dna in tuber borchii. | pcr amplification of the complete intergenic spacer region (igs) of the tuber borchii nuclear ribosomal repeat was obtained using universal primers cnl 12 and ns1rev. in order to improve amplification yield a specific primer, t1, was selected from a partial sequence of the igs product. igs diversity was characterized both at the intraindividual and intraspecific level. the results obtained at the intraindividual level showed 10% varying repeats on ten screened colonies, while at the intraspecifi ... | 2002 | 11911615 |
| morphological and molecular modifications induced by different carbohydrate sources in tuber borchii. | during the life cycle of mycorrhizal fungi, morphological, genetic and metabolic modifications are induced in the fungus and its symbiotic partner. these changes are influenced by environmental factors: light, gravity, oxygen, temperature, soil type, nutrients, root exudates and the presence of particular bacterial and perhaps fungal and viral populations in the mycorrhizosphere. to determine whether different carbohydrates lead to cell-signalling events and morphofunctional changes in cultured ... | 2010 | 20299801 |
| the ectomycorrhizal community in natural tuber borchii grounds. | although tuber borchii is a commercially valuable truffle, its habitat has been virtually ignored. here, we examine the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in natural t. borchii grounds. ectomycorrhizas under t. borchii ascomata and up to 1 m away were collected and morphologically assigned to pine or oak host plants. they were then morphotyped and molecular typed using internal transcribed spacer regions. seventy ectomycorrhizal taxa were identified, many of which were rare. tuber borchii domina ... | 2010 | 20199569 |
| sulfate metabolism in tuber borchii: characterization of a putative sulfate transporter and the homocysteine synthase genes. | the homocysteine synthase (tbhos) and putative sulfate transporter (tbsul1) genes have been characterized in order to understand the sulfate metabolism and regulation in the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii. the analyses of tbsul1 and tbhos nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences led to the identification of the typical domains shown in homologous proteins. sulfate starvation condition upregulates both genes. the real-time pcr assay of tbsul1 revealed that gene expression was about three ... | 2010 | 20039042 |
| selection of a set of specific primers for the identification of tuber rufum: a truffle species with high genetic variability. | tuber rufum is a truffle widely distributed throughout europe, which forms mycorrhizal associations with numerous species of broadleaf and coniferous trees. the possibility of t. rufum contamination in commercial truffle-infected plants makes its detection important. to facilitate the identification of t. rufum from mycorrhiza and fruitbodies, species-specific primers were designed and tested. to overcome the high intraspecific genetic variability within the internal transcribed spacer (its) reg ... | 2007 | 18031344 |
| isolation and characterization of some mycelia inhabiting tuber ascomata. | tuber spp. are ectomycorrhizal ascomycetes that produce subterranean ascomata known as truffles. truffles can be regarded as complex microhabitats hosting bacteria and yeasts. in this paper we show that guest filamentous fungi are also associated to truffle ascomata, regardless of the tuber spp., and report the morpho-molecular characterization of seven truffle-hosted mycelia isolated from healthy and intact tuber ascomata. some of these isolates were shown to be related to the fungal endophytes ... | 2007 | 18023164 |
| self-anastomosing ability and vegetative incompatibility of tuber borchii isolates. | in this work, different mycelial isolates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii were analysed for their ability to form self-anastomoses, which were monitored by time-lapse live-cell imaging, providing a description of the anastomosis process. self-fusions were evidenced in three out of five isolates, with frequencies ranging between 50 and 88% of hyphal contacts. time-lapse video microscopy evidenced that during pre-contact events, hyphae were capable of growth re-orientation functional t ... | 2007 | 17721790 |
| discrimination of truffle fruiting body versus mycelial aromas by stir bar sorptive extraction. | stir bar sorptive extraction (sbse) was applied in head space mode (hs), coupled with gc/ms, to compare the aroma profile of three truffle species. a total of 119 volatile organic compounds (vocs) were identified from the fruiting bodies, of which 70 were not yet described in truffles and 60 in fungi. vocs profile showed a high intra- and inter-specific variability, with alcohols and sulfur compounds dominating the hs of tuber borchii and, alcohols, aldehydes and aromatic compounds the hs of t. ... | 2007 | 17574637 |
| molecular studies on terricolous microfungi reveal novel anamorphs of two tuber species. | this study reports novel terricolous mitosporic fungal morphs nested in the genus tuber according to molecular phylogenetic analysis. fungal dna was amplified directly from field-collected anamorph samples. nuclear ribosomal dna (nrdna) sequences including the its regions and the d1 and d2 domains of the lsu identify the anamorphs as mitosporic tuber borchii and tuber oligospermum. the link of the novel anamorphs to the genus tuber is confirmed by the comparative analysis of five collections fro ... | 2004 | 15446707 |
| differential gene expression during pre-symbiotic interaction between tuber borchii vittad. and tilia americana l. | ectomycorrhizal formation is a highly regulated process involving the molecular reorganization of both partners during symbiosis. an analogous molecular process also occurs during the pre-symbiotic phase, when the partners exchange molecular signals in order to position and prepare both organisms for the establishment of symbiosis. to gain insight into genetic reorganization in tuber borchii during its interaction with its symbiotic partner tilia americana, we set up a culture system in which th ... | 2004 | 15258696 |
| tuber borchii fruit body: 2-dimensional profile and protein identification. | the formation of the fruit body represents the final phase of the ectomycorrhizal fungus t. borchii life cycle. very little is known concerning the molecular and biochemical processes involved in the fructification phase. 2-de maps of unripe and ripe ascocarps revealed different protein expression levels and the comparison of the electropherograms led to the identification of specific proteins for each developmental phase. associating micropreparative 2-de to microchemical approaches, such as n- ... | 2004 | 15081280 |
| headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in the investigation of volatile organic compounds in an ectomycorrhizae synthesis system. | ectomycorrhizae formation represents one of the most significant steps in the truffle life cycle and is determined by a complex molecular signaling between two symbionts. in order to understand the molecular pathway of ectomycorrhiza development, we focused on the signaling interaction between the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. and the tilia americana l. plant roots. the medium of a pre-symbiotic (t. americana-t. borchii) in vitro system was analysed by headspace solid-phase microe ... | 2004 | 14745771 |
| determination of specific volatile organic compounds synthesised during tuber borchii fruit body development by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. | fruit body development is a particular phase of the tuber life cycle, characterised by the aggregation of different types of hyphae, i.e., vegetative hyphal cells and highly specialised reproductive hyphae (asci). in order to identify the volatile organic compounds (vocs) produced in different stages of the tuber borchii ripening fruit body, solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was used. the volatile organic compounds were extracted using a dvb/car/pdms 50/30 ... | 2004 | 14745770 |
| enolase from the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad.: biochemical characterization, molecular cloning, and localization. | enolase from tuber borchii mycelium was purified to electrophoretical homogeneity using an anion-exchange and a gel permeation chromatography. furthermore, the corresponding gene (eno-1) was cloned and characterized. the purified enzyme showed a higher affinity for 2-pga (0.26 mm) with respect to pep; the stability and activity of enolase were dependent of the divalent cation mg2+. t. borchii eno-1 has an orf of 1323 bp coding for a putative protein of 440 amino acids and southern blotting analy ... | 2004 | 14732262 |
| characterization of the tuber borchii nitrate reductase gene and its role in ectomycorrhizae. | the nitrate assimilation pathway represents a useful model system in which to study the contribution of a mycorrhizal fungus to the nitrogen nutrition of its host plant. in the present work we cloned and characterized the nitrate reductase gene (tbnr1) from tuber borchii. the coding region of tbnr1 is 2,787 nt in length, and it encodes a protein of 929 amino acids. biochemical and northern-blot analyses revealed that nitrate assimilation in t. borchii is an inducible system that responds mainly ... | 2003 | 12898221 |
| carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in tuber borchii mycelium during glucose utilization: a (13)c nmr study. | the metabolism of [1-13c]glucose in the vegetative mycelium of the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii was studied in order to characterize the biochemical pathways for the assimilation of glucose and amino acid biosynthesis. the pathways were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with [1-13c]glucose labeling. the enzymes of mannitol cycle and ammonium assimilation were also evaluated. the majority of the 13c label was incorporated into mannitol and this ... | 2003 | 12781675 |
| a high concentration of glucose inhibits tuber borchii mycelium growth: a biochemical investigation. | tuber borchii mycelium (strain 1bo) is able to utilise glucose, fructose or mannitol in the culture medium as a carbohydrate source. since sugars not only function as a metabolic resource and structural constituent of cells, but also act as important regulators of various processes, we investigated if high sugar concentrations could influence fungal growth and development. the studies performed in this paper revealed that fructose or mannitol used at high concentration (50 g l-1) in the culture ... | 2003 | 12735246 |
| two genetically related strains of tuber borchii produce tilia mycorrhizas with different morphological traits. | two genetically related strains of tuber borchii vittad. (1bo and 43bo) produce mycorrhizas with tilia platyphyllos scop. with a different degree of efficiency. the aim of this work was to characterize the morphology of the fungal symbiotic structures in order to examine potential relationships between the anatomical traits of the mycorrhiza, the mycorrhizal capacities of the fungal strains and their effect on the host plants. some morphological features of mantle hyphae (small size, intense sta ... | 2003 | 12682833 |
| distinctive properties and expression profiles of glutamine synthetase from a plant symbiotic fungus. | the nucleotide sequences reported in this paper have been submitted to the genbank(r)/ebi nucleotide sequence databases with accession numbers af462037 (glutamine synthetase) and af462032 (glutamate synthase). nitrogen retrieval and assimilation by symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi is thought to play a central role in the mutualistic interaction between these organisms and their plant hosts. here we report on the molecular characterization of the key n-assimilation enzyme glutamine synthetase from ... | 2003 | 12683951 |
| identification of putative genes involved in the development of tuber borchii fruit body by mrna differential display in agarose gel. | in order to analyse gene expression during fruit body development of the ectomychorrizal fungus tuber borchii vittad., a modified differential display procedure was set up. the procedure used is easier and faster than the traditional one and generates reproducible cdna banding patterns that can be resolved on a standard ethidium bromide-agarose gel. from 16 cdna fingerprints, 25 amplicons with apparent differential expression were identified and cloned without a previous reamplification. fifteen ... | 2002 | 12491010 |
| solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry and multistage mass spectrometry experiments in the characterization of germacrene d. | germacrene d is a vegetable pheromone utilized in interactions among organisms belonging to different species. for the first time, using solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry, the presence of this compound was detected in an in vitro mycorrhizal synthesis system where the mycelium of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. interacts with the plant tilia americana l. from this symbiosis, a new structure, called ectomycorrhiza, is formed where the two s ... | 2002 | 12489082 |
| isolation and characterization of differentially expressed genes in the mycelium and fruit body of tuber borchii. | the transition from vegetative mycelium to fruit body in truffles requires differentiation processes which lead to edible fruit bodies (ascomata) consisting of different cell and tissue types. the identification of genes differentially expressed during these developmental processes can contribute greatly to a better understanding of truffle morphogenesis. a cdna library was constructed from vegetative mycelium rnas of the white truffle tuber borchii, and 214 cdnas were sequenced. up to 58% of th ... | 2002 | 12200316 |
| the expression profile of the tuber borchii nitrite reductase suggests its positive contribution to host plant nitrogen nutrition. | ectomycorrhizal symbiosis is a ubiquitous association between plant roots and numerous fungal species. one of the main aspects of the ectomycorrhizal association are the regulation mechanisms of fungal genes involved in nitrogen acquisition. we report on the genomic organisation of the nitrate gene cluster and functional regulation of tbnir1, the nitrite reductase gene of the ectomycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii. the sequence data demonstrate that clustering also occurs in this ectomycorrhiz ... | 2007 | 17082947 |
| the isoprenoid pathway in the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad.: cloning and characterisation of the tbhmgr, tbfpps and tbsqs genes. | the isoprenoid pathway of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad is investigated to better understand the molecular mechanisms at work, in particular during the maturation of the complex ascomata (the so-called "truffles"). three t. borchii genes coding for the most important regulatory enzymes of the isoprenoid biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase, farnesyl-diphosphate synthase (fpps) and squalene synthase (sqs), were cloned and characterised. the analyses of their nu ... | 2006 | 16960710 |
| gene expression profiling of the nitrogen starvation stress response in the mycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii. | the focus of this work is on the nitrogen starvation stress responses operating in a plant symbiotic fungus. a cdna array profiling analysis was conducted on n-limited mycelia of the mycorrhizal ascomycete tuber borchii. fifty-one unique transcripts, out of 2062 redundant arrayed cdnas, were differentially expressed by at least 1.5-fold in response to n deprivation. only two n assimilation components-a nitrate transporter and a high-affinity ammonium transporter-were found among differentially e ... | 2006 | 16698294 |
| cloning and characterization of pkc-homologous genes in the truffle species tuber borchii and tuber magnatum. | the protein kinases c (pkcs) define a growing family of ubiquitous signal transducting serine/threonine kinases that control ion conductance channels, release of hormones and cell growth and proliferation. degenerated oligonucleotides were used as primers for polymerase chain reactions to amplify pkc-related sequences from the white truffle species tuber magnatum and tuber borchii. the deduced amino acid sequences of cloned sequences reveal domains homologous to the regulatory and kinase domains ... | 2000 | 10913864 |
| estimation of fungal biomass and transcript levels in tilia platyphyllos-tuber borchii ectomycorrhizae. | very little information is available to date about the complex truffle life cycle which involves the succession of three developmental phases. in order to gain more knowledge about ectomycorrhizal formation and fruit body development an ectomycorrhizal model system was used to study fungal biomass and plant and fungal transcript levels. they were evaluated in ectomycorrhizal development using the ergosterol assay and the internal transcribed spacer-5.8s ribosomal dna from tilia platyphyllos and ... | 2000 | 10913693 |
| three different forms of hexokinase are identified during tuber borchii mycelium growth. | truffles are ectomycorrhizal fungi which have a great dependence on carbohydrates supplied by their host plants. the catabolism of hexoses in the mycobiont is important for the production of energy, and the first enzyme in the hexose assimilation pathways is hexokinase. this study reports differences in the expression of this enzyme during the growth of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium (strain atcc 96540). three hexokinase activities (hkm1, hkm2 and hkm3) were isolated by anion-exchange chromatogr ... | 1999 | 10391126 |
| the tbf-1 gene from the white truffle tuber borchii codes for a structural cell wall protein specifically expressed in fruitbody. | this paper reports the purification and localization of a tuber borchii vittad, fruitbody protein (tbf-1) and the cloning of the encoding gene. tbf-1 is detectable by sds-page analyses only in this white truffle species and presents a molecular mass of 11,994 da. tbf-1 was purified by one-step reversed-phase hplc and its complete amino acid sequence was determined after digestion with trypsin and n-asp endoproteinase. polyclonal antibodies were produced and tested in immunofluorescence and immun ... | 1998 | 9974220 |
| chitin synthase homologs in three ectomycorrhizal truffles. | degenerate pcr primers were used to amplify a conserved gene portion coding chitin synthase from genomic dna of six species of ectomycorrhizal truffles. dna was extracted from both hypogeous fruitbodies and in vitro growing mycelium of tuber borchii. a single fragment of about 600 bp was amplified for each species. the amplification products from tuber magnatum, t. borchii and t. ferrugineum were cloned and sequenced, revealing a high degree of identity (91.5%) at the nucleotide level. on the ba ... | 1995 | 8593947 |
| structural analysis of the rdna intergenic spacer of tuber borchii. | the sequence and characterisation of the entire nuclear rdna intergenic spacer (igs) for the genus tuber are presented. sequence analyses showed that the organisation of the tuber borchii rdna igs is typical of rdna spacers, consisting of a central repetitive region and flanking unique sequences on either side. direct repeats, symmetry elements, tandem repeats and possible areas of recombination were found. the putative ends of the 25s and 17s rdna were identified. the presence of 5s rdna in the ... | 2002 | 11843631 |
| identification of differentially expressed cdna clones in tilia platyphyllos-tuber borchii ectomycorrhizae using a differential screening approach. | no information is presently available on the molecular mechanisms that control the morphogenesis of the truffle, an ectomycorrhizal ascomycetous fungus of great economic interest not only for forestry and agronomy but also for the organoleptic properties of its hypogeous fruitbodies. a tilia platyphyllos- tuber borchii model system was used in order to identify genes induced or up-regulated during symbiosis, since their isolation is a prerequisite for the understanding of the molecular bases of ... | 2002 | 11810261 |
| cloning and characterisation of a polyubiquitin gene from the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. | ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76-amino acid protein implicated in the function of quite different vital cellular processes. in the present study, we cloned and sequenced a polyubiquitin gene from tuber borchii (ubil) that is organised in four tandem repeats, with two c-terminal extension amino acids, serine and leucine. two introns of 116 bp and 55 bp in length were detected in the first and second repeats, respectively. the ubil gene is highly expressed in mycelium and is less expressed in th ... | 2001 | 11570516 |
| effects of different carbohydrate sources on the growth of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium strains in pure culture. | the influence of carbohydrate utilisation on the growth of three strains of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium (1bo, 17bo and 10ra) in culture was assessed using culture media containing glucose (control), mannose or mannitol. mannose was the best substrate for growth of the strains and this was particularly evident for strain 17bo. mannitol instead was metabolized only by 10ra and 1bo. in order to explain the different growth trends, analyses of enzyme levels, kinetic parameters, protein patterns a ... | 2001 | 11330839 |
| differential expression of chitin synthase iii and iv mrnas in ascomata of tuber borchii vittad. | a full-length genomic clone encoding a class iii chitin synthase (chs) and one dna fragment corresponding to a class iv chs were isolated from the mycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii and used for an extensive expression analysis, together with a previously identified dna fragment corresponding to a class ii chs. all three chs mrnas are constitutively expressed in vegetative mycelia, regardless of the age, mode of growth, and proliferation capacity of the hyphae. a strikingly different situation was ... | 2000 | 11273683 |
| identification of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium proteins separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using amino acid analysis and sequence tagging. | this paper reports the first results in the proteome analysis of tuber borchii vittad. mycelium, an ectomycorrhizal fungus poorly defined genetically, but known for its generation of edible fruit bodies known as white truffles. employing isoelectric focusing on immobilized ph gradients, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we obtained an electropherogram presenting over 800 spots within the window of isoelectric points (pi) 3.5-9 and a molecular mass of 10-200 k ... | 2000 | 11271490 |
| the volatile organic compounds from the mycelium of tuber borchii vitt. | the mycelium of t. borchii (characterized by dna analysis) grown in sterile liquid medium produced some vocs. the vocs were retained on carbographs by passing a flow of helium, isolated and characterized in a gc-ms equipment after a thermal desorption. the compounds present in the vocs from the mycelium cultures, but not in the vocs from the control cultures, contained 29 compounds. the main compounds were 1,3-ditertbutylbenzene (16.1 ng/l), 3-methylheptane (9.2 ng/l), butan-2-one (8.8 ng/l), et ... | 2000 | 11140537 |
| multiplex pcr for the identification of white tuber species. | species-specific primers selected from the internal transcribed spacer region sequence were used to set up a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) able to simultaneously identify the white truffle species tuber magnatum, tuber borchii, tuber maculatum and tuber puberulum. furthermore, a primer specific for the competitive fungus sphaerosporella brunnea was designed and added to the multiplex pcr set, allowing the detection of the tuber species and the contaminant fungus in a one-step reactio ... | 2000 | 10930749 |
| bacteria-produced ferric exopolysaccharide nanoparticles as iron delivery system for truffles (tuber borchii). | iron exopolysaccharide nanoparticles were biogenerated during ferric citrate fermentation by klebsiella oxytoca dsm 29614. before investigating their effects on tuber borchii ("bianchetto" truffle) mycelium growth and morphology, they were tested on human k562 cell line and lentinula edodes pure culture and shown to be non-toxic. using these nanoparticles as iron supplement, the truffles showed extremely efficient iron uptake of over 300 times that of a commercial product. this avoided morpholog ... | 2018 | 29189902 |