| immunological separation of entomophthorales genera. | exoantigens from erynia neoaphidis, conidiobolus major, c. thromboides, c. obscurus, zoophthora radicans, and basidiobolus ranarum were obtained from culture filtrates of fungal material grown in a yeast extract, peptone dialysate, dextrose medium and were tested against specific hyperimmune antisera prepared from e. neoaphidis, c. major, c. thromboides, and b. ranarum by the immunodiffusion technique. specific precipitins were observed for e. neoaphidis and b. ranarum, while cross-reactions wer ... | 1989 | 2498433 |
| rapd-pcr for identification of zoophthora radicans isolates in biological control of the potato leafhopper. | biological control studies require the ability to distinguish released pathogens from locally occurring isolates of the same species. we have developed a technique that differentiates genotypes using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) for the apomictic species zoophthora radicans (zygomycota: entomophthorales), a pathogen of the potato leafhopper, empoasca fabae (homoptera: cicadellidae). rapd analysis was performed on z. radicans isolates released in test plots in 1990 and 1991 for leafhop ... | 1995 | 7876590 |
| interactions between the fungal entomopathogen zoophthora radicans brefeld (entomophthorales) and two hymenopteran parasitoids attacking the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. | treatment of the hymenopteran parasitoids diadegma semiclausum and cotesia plutellae with a strain of the entomopathogenic fungus zoophthora radicans, which was initially isolated from plutella xylostella, showed that d. semiclausum was susceptible to the pathogen but that c. plutellae was not. in leaf shower bioassays, the susceptibility of d. semiclausum adults to z. radicans was 70- and 133-fold less than the susceptibility of p. xylostella larvae and adults, respectively. when adult d. semic ... | 1996 | 8812558 |
| conflicts between a fungal entomopathogen, zoophthora radicans, and two larval parasitoids of the diamondback moth. | zoophthora radicans (zygomycetes: entomophthorales), diadegma semiclausum (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae), and cotesia plutellae (hymenoptera: braconidae) are all natural enemies of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae). adult c. plutellae are not susceptible to z. radicans infection but the pathogen can infect and kill adult d. semiclausum. infection of adult d. semiclausum prior to exposure to p. xylostella host larvae significantly reduced the number of parasitoi ... | 2000 | 11023731 |
| pcr-based molecular discrimination of pandora neoaphidis isolates from related entomopathogenic fungi and development of species-specific diagnostic primers. | studies were performed to assess the genetic variation amongst isolates of the aphid-pathogenic fungus pandora neoaphidis (syn. erynia neoaphidis). 37 isolates were examined, from a range of pest and non-pest aphid species, as well as 21 from eight other entomophthoralean species. universal primers were used to amplify the its rdna regions and all of the species tested produced discrete its groups, with the exception of conidiobolus spp. neighbour-joining analysis of the its2 regions from p. neo ... | 2004 | 15209282 |
| serine proteases and metalloproteases associated with pathogenesis but not host specificity in the entomophthoralean fungus zoophthora radicans. | the protease activity of a zoophthora radicans strain that was highly infective toward pieris brassicae (cabbage butterfly) larvae was compared with that of isogenic strains that were adapted to plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) larvae through serial passage. all strains produced three distinct serine proteases ranging in size from 25 to 37 kda; however, the original strain from p. brassicae also produced large amounts of an approximately 46 kda metalloprotease. subsequently, a cdna encodin ... | 2006 | 16788723 |
| pathogenic fungi and parasitoids of aphids present in air captures of migratory alates in the low-latitude plateau of yunnan, china. | to survey fungal pathogens and parasitoids of aphids in the low-latitude plateau of yunnan, southwest china, 3,553 migratory alates of brevicoryne brassicae, lipaphis erysimi, and myzus persicae were attracted to a yellow-plus-plant trap from air during a full-year period and individually reared on cabbage leaves for 7-14 d at 18-22 degrees c and l:d 12:12. among the trapped alates, 19.2% were killed by 10 species of aphid-pathogenic fungi after survival of 2.3 d (range, 1-7 d). another 2.8% wer ... | 2008 | 19036206 |
| [first record of zoophthora radicans (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on adults of the paraguay tea psyllid, gyropsylla spegazziniana lizer & trelles (hemiptera: psyllidae), in brazil]. | we report the first occurrence of zoophthora radicans infecting adults of gyropsylla spegazziniana lizer & trelles in a commercial paraguay tea plantation (ilex paraguariensis), in cascavel, pr, brazil. the fungus prevalence was high (90% of mortality), considered a natural epizooty. | 2009 | 19943025 |
| prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids in relation to developmental stages. | transmission of fungal pathogens of aphids may be affected by the host developmental stage. brassica and lactuca sativa l. crops were sampled in santa fe, argentina, to determine the prevalence of fungal-diseased aphids and investigate the differences between developmental stages of aphids. | 2016 | 26577724 |
| prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids (hemiptera: aphididae) on solanaceous crops in argentina. | solanum melongena l. and capsicum annuum l. were sampled in argentina to determine the prevalence of fungal diseased aphids. the pathogens identified were pandora neoaphidis (remaudière & hennebert) humber and zoophthora radicans (brefeld) batko (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on aphids from eggplants; and p. neoaphidis and entomophthora planchoniana cornu (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on aphids from peppers. the highest fungal prevalence was 45.5% (n=2296) and 98.1% (n=3212) from ... | 2014 | 24956128 |
| natural occurrence of entomophthoroid fungi of aphid pests on medicago sativa l. in argentina. | four species of entomophthoroid fungi, pandora neoaphidis (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae), zoophthora radicans (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae), entomophthora planchoniana (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) and neozygites fresenii (neozygitales: neozygitaceae) were found to infect aphis craccivora, therioaphis trifolii, and acyrthosiphon pisum and unidentified species of acyrthosiphon on lucerne in argentina. samples were collected from five sites (ceres, rafaela, sarmiento, monte ... | 2014 | 24721275 |
| [pathogenic fungi of insects from argentina (zygomycetes: entomophthorales)]. | pathogenic fungi of insects from argentina (zygomycetes: entomophthorales). three species of entomophthorales entomopathogenic fungi (zygomycotina: zygomycetes) have been identified from insects in agricultural crops (buenos aires province, argentina): zoophthora radicans batko (brefeld); entomophthora planchoniana cornu and pandora gammae (weiser) humber. fungal structure measurements are reported. | 2006 | 18494301 |
| zoophthora radicans (entomophthorales), a fungal pathogen of bagrada hilaris and bactericera cockerelli (hemiptera: pentatomidae and triozidae): prevalence, pathogenicity, and interplay of environmental influence, morphology, and sequence data on fungal identification. | the exotic bagrada bug or painted bug, bagrada hilaris, and the native potato/tomato psyllid, bactericera (=paratrioza) cockerelli, are key pests of horticulture in western north america. in 2014-2015, adult and juvenile b. hilaris and b. cockerelli killed by fungi in the genus zoophthora were detected near saltillo, northeastern mexico. we report the field prevalence and observations of zoophthora on these hosts. the morphology and growth characteristics of field-collected specimens and pure in ... | 2016 | 27486120 |
| order of inoculation affects the success of co-invading entomopathogenic fungi. | the effect of order of inoculation of pandora blunckii and zoophthora radicans co-infecting plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae) was investigated. after co-inoculation, the proportion of larvae infected by either species was greatly reduced compared to when they were inoculated singly. the order of inoculation influenced the final outcome; the isolate inoculated last always killed more larvae than the isolate inoculated first. | 2012 | 23949679 |
| competition between isolates of zoophthora radicans co-infecting plutella xylostella populations. | interactions between zoophthora radicans isolates were studied in vitro and in vivo during infection of plutella xylostella larvae. we distinguished between isolates within infected hosts using pcr-rflp. isolates obtained from p. xylostella larvae (nw386 and nw250) were more virulent than isolates from other insect hosts. isolate nw250 was most virulent at 27°c and isolate nw386 was most virulent at 22°c. in vitro growth of all isolates except nw386 was affected by the presence of other isolates ... | 2013 | 23517676 |
| natural occurrence of zoophthora radicans (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae) on thaumastocoris peregrinus (heteroptera: thaumastocoridae), an invasive pest recently found in brazil. | occurrence of zoophthora radicans infecting nymphs and adults of thaumastocoris peregrinus carpintero and dellape, 2006 is reported in brazil. this is a new record of host for this fungal species and the first fungal pathogen associated with this pest worldwide. infection of z. radicans on t. peregrinus populations on commercial eucalyptus plantation (eucalyptus spp.) reached up to 100%, and low insect densities were associated with high levels of fungal infection in three out of seven plots. th ... | 2012 | 22490879 |
| use of quantitative pcr to understand within-host competition between two entomopathogenic fungi. | interactions between the entomopathogenic fungi zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii infecting larvae of plutella xylostella were investigated. this is the first report to quantify within-host growth of one fungus in the presence of another competing for the same host resource using quantitative pcr (qpcr) at regular time points during the infection process. in larvae inoculated only with z. radicans, there was a cumulative increase in the quantity of z. radicans dna throughout the time cour ... | 2011 | 21414321 |
| formulation and application of the entomopathogenic fungus: zoophthora radicans (brefeld) batko (zygomycetes: entomophthorales). | to isolate and formulate a native strain of zoophthora radicans naturally infecting larvae of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, existing in south australia and to provide evidence that formulation of the fungus is effective against p. xylostella larvae, and therefore, it could be used as a tool in pest management of this insect. | 2011 | 21214693 |
| competition and co-existence of zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii, two co-occurring fungal pathogens of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | the entomopathogenic fungi zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii co-occur in field populations of plutella xylostella and, therefore, are likely to interact during the infection process. we have investigated the possible outcomes of these interactions in the laboratory. using four isolates, two of each fungal species, inter-specific interaction experiments were done in petri dishes and on intact plants. in petri dish experiments, larvae were inoculated directly using sporulating mats of mycel ... | 2009 | 19765657 |
| comparative est analysis of a zoophthora radicans isolate derived from pieris brassicae and an isogenic strain adapted to plutella xylostella. | zoophthora radicans is an entomopathogenic fungus with the potential to be used as an insect biological control agent. to better understand the mechanisms used by z. radicans to infect different hosts, we generated expressed sequence tag (est) datasets from a z. radicans strain originally isolated from pieris brassicae, and an isogenic strain passaged through plutella xylostella. in total, 1839 ests were generated which clustered into 466 contigs and 433 singletons to provide a set of 899 unique ... | 2009 | 19118358 |
| development of species-specific diagnostic primers for zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii; two co-occurring fungal pathogens of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | species-specific primers for zoophthora radicans and pandora bluckii were developed. to achieve this, partial sequences of dna that encode for rrna, more specifically, the its region (rdna-its) were obtained from different isolates and analysed. seven z. radicans isolates (four from p. xylostella, and three from other lepidopteran hosts) and one p. blunckii isolate (from p. xylostella) were used. these isolates were selected based on pcr-rflp patterns obtained from 22 isolates of p. blunckii and ... | 2008 | 18693001 |
| broomcorn millet grain cultures of the entomophthoralean fungus zoophthora radicans: sporulation capacity and infectivity to plutella xylostella. | the shelled grains of glutinous broomcorn millet, panicum miliaceum, were used as solid substrate to prepare granular cultures of zoophthora radicans, an entomophthoralean biocontrol agent against numerous insect pests. steamed millet grains were inoculated by mixing 15 g millet grains (d.w.) with mashed pieces of half a 60-mm-dish colony in 3 ml modified sabouraud dextrose broth and incubated at 15 degrees c and l:d 12:12 for up to 24 d. 20 grains were sampled at 3 d intervals from day six onwa ... | 2005 | 15912949 |
| effect of relative humidity on viability of primary conidia of zoophthora radicans. | four isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus zoophthora radicans were compared in a laboratory study to evaluate the effect of relative humidity (rh) on duration of primary conidial viability. primary conidia were showered onto agar-coated glass microscope slides within an enclosed chamber equilibrated to one of five test rh levels (60, 75, 80, 95, or 100%). target rh levels were achieved by recirculating air through a glycerin/water solution, of controlled specific gravity, contained in a reser ... | 1999 | 10222187 |
| zoophthora radicans infection inhibits the response to and production of sex pheromone in the diamondback moth. | | 1998 | 9709018 |
| premortality effects of zoophthora radicans infection in plutella xylostella | the effect of zoophthora radicans infection on food consumption and utilization by plutella xylostella larvae and oviposition by adults was investigated. larval food consumption and weight gain were not affected by z. radicans until the third day after infection, 1 day prior to death from mycosis. no food was eaten on the day on which larvae died. overall, infected larvae ate 44% less leaf tissue than control larvae. of the leaf tissue consumed by infected larvae 87.5% was eaten on the first 2 d ... | 1997 | 9367729 |