| the in vitro enzyme-inducing and cytotoxic properties of south african laboratory animal contact bedding and nesting materials. | enzyme-inducing and cytotoxic effects of south african bedding materials were investigated using a mouse hepatoma cell line, hepa-1, cell culture system. this cell culture system is a convenient and sensitive method for the screening of bedding materials for the presence of compounds that could be potentially harmful to animals and thus the experimental outcome. cells were exposed to acetone extracts of the different materials or their components. corn cobs displayed very little or no cyp1a1-ind ... | 1995 | 7603002 |
| the genomic and physical organization of ty1-copia-like sequences as a component of large genomes in pinus elliottii var. elliottii and other gymnosperms. | a dna sequence, tpe1, representing the internal domain of a ty1-copia retroelement, was isolated from genomic dna of pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliottii (slash pine). genomic southern analysis showed that this sequence, carrying partial reverse transcriptase and integrase gene sequences, is highly amplified within the genome of slash pine and part of a dispersed element >4.8 kbp. fluorescent in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes shows that the element is relatively uniformly disperse ... | 1996 | 8610105 |
| comparative analysis of the chromosomal and genomic organization of ty1-copia-like retrotransposons in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. | we have investigated the physical distribution of the reverse transcriptase genes of ty1-copia-like retrotransposable elements from 12 plant species belonging to different subdivisions by hybridization in situ on chromosome preparations. ty1-copia-like elements showed different and non-random hybridization patterns. a dispersed distribution throughout most of the chromosomes with reduced hybridization at some regions or with some weak clustering at other regions was found in allium cepa, beta vu ... | 1997 | 9037155 |
| radical modulation activity of pine cone extracts of pinus elliottii var. elliottii. | the radical modulation activity of lignins prepared from the cone of pinus elliottii var. elliottii was investigated, using esr spectroscopy. these lignins produced radical(s) under alkaline conditions, and the radical intensity was increased with increasing ph. lower concentrations of lignins slightly reduced the radical intensity of sodium ascorbate, whereas higher concentrations of lignins enhanced both the radical intensity and cytotoxic activity of sodium ascorbate. lignins effectively scav ... | 1999 | 10226567 |
| [correspondence analysis between occurrence type of dendrolimus punctatus and topographical and vegetative features]. | the relationship between the occurrence type of dendrolimus punctatus and the geographical and vegetative features in subcompartments was analyzed using correspondence analysis and shown by a figure of cluster. the results showed that the majority subcompartments in which d. punctatus occurred frequently were at low elevation and low slope, and distributed among low hills or middle hills, while the subcompartments at high elevation or high slopes, or in low mountains or middle mountains were saf ... | 2002 | 12561192 |
| paternal chloroplast inheritance patterns in pine hybrids detected with trnl-trnf intergenic region polymorphism. | the inheritance patterns of the chloroplast genomes of shortleaf pine ( pinus echinata mill.), loblolly pine ( pinus taeda l.) and slash pine ( pinus elliottii engelm.) were investigated through the trnl-trnf intergenic spacer polymorphism analysis. the dna sequences of this spacer differ among these three closely related pinus species. a modified 'cold' pcr-sscp (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis of this spacer shows that the artificial hybrids (f1) from the shortleaf pine (seed ... | 2002 | 12582585 |
| transpecific microsatellites for hard pines. | microsatellites are difficult to recover from large plant genomes so cross-specific utilisation is an important source of markers. fifty microsatellites were tested for cross-specific amplification and polymorphism to two new world hard pine species, slash pine ( pinus elliottii var. elliottii) and caribbean pine ( p. caribaea var. hondurensis). twenty-nine (58%) markers amplified in both hard pine species, and 23 of these 29 were polymorphic. soft pine (subgenus strobus) microsatellite markers ... | 2002 | 12582642 |
| carbon isotope discrimination and oxygen isotope composition in clones of the f(1) hybrid between slash pine and caribbean pine in relation to tree growth, water-use efficiency and foliar nutrient concentration. | the objectives of this study were: (1) to examine how foliar carbon isotope discrimination (delta) and oxygen isotope composition (delta(18)o) are related to tree growth, ash mineral nutrient concentration and foliar nutrient concentration in 7-year-old clones of the f(1) hybrid between slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) and caribbean pine (p. caribaea var. hondurensis barr. et golf.) in subtropical australia; and (2) to evaluate the potential of using foliar delta, ash mineral nutrient concen ... | 2000 | 12651483 |
| [soil nutrient, microorganism and enzyme activity in pinus elliottii mixed stands]. | soil nutrients, microorganisms and enzyme activities in mixed stands of castanopsis fissa x pinus elliottii and schima wallichii x pinus elliottii were studied. the results showed that compared with pure pinus elliottii stand, pinus elliottii mixed stands could increase organic matter content and improve the nutrient status of soil, especially for available nutrients of soil. the amounts of bacteria, actinomyces and enzyme activity in pinus elliottii mixed stand were higher than those in pure pi ... | 2003 | 12722463 |
| genetic maps for pinus elliottii var. elliottii and p. caribaea var. hondurensis using aflp and microsatellite markers. | genetic maps for individual pinus elliottii var. elliottii and p. caribaea var. hondurensis trees were generated using a pseudo-testcross mapping strategy. a total of 329 amplified fragment length polymorphic (aflp) and 12 microsatellite markers were found to segregate in a sample of 93 interspecfic f(1) progeny. the male p. caribaea var. hondurensis parent was more heterozygous than the female p. elliottii var. elliottii parent with 19% more markers segregating on the male side. framework maps ... | 2003 | 12750783 |
| activity of the pinus elliottii resin compounds against lernaea cyprinacea in vitro. | lernaea cyprinacea infestation is a major problem for fishing culture in brazil, which was introduced in the mid-eighties. to attempt controlling this parasite, an evaluation of the activity of the pinus elliottii resin constituents against it was undertaken. to run the bioassay, fish infested with l. cyprinaceae were transferred to aquaria and kept at room temperature and ventilation for 15 days for adaptation. afterwards, fish were sacrificed and the parasites were kept under water to run the ... | 2003 | 14651883 |
| spatio-temporal patterns of soil available nutrients following experimental disturbance in a pine forest. | although disturbance is known to alter soil nutrient heterogeneity, it remains unclear whether spatial patterns in soil nutrients after disturbance follow predictable temporal changes that reflect underlying processes. this study examined the effects of tree harvesting and girdling on overall variability, geostatistical patterns, and resource congruence of soil available nutrients in a mature pinus elliottii engelm. forest. the two disturbances led to different patterns of vegetation removal, fo ... | 2004 | 14689301 |
| aluminum sensitivity of loblolly pine and slash pine seedlings grown in solution culture. | to probe variation in al sensitivity of two co-occurring pine species, seedlings from six full-sib families of loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) and slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) were grown in solution culture containing 4.4 mm (high-al) or 0.01 mm (low-al) alcl(3) at ph 4 for 58 days. on average, both pine species had 41% less total dry weight in the high-al treatment than in the low-al treatment. stem volume growth of slash pine was more sensitive to the high-al treatment than that of lobl ... | 1995 | 14965918 |
| characterization of the induced response of slash pine to inoculation with bark beetle vectored fungi. | six 25- to 30-year-old slash pine, pinus elliottii englm. var. elliottii, trees were inoculated with ophiostoma minus (hedgc.) h.p. sydow, o. ips (rumb.) nannf or sterile water. two, 4 and 6 weeks after inoculation, the lengths of developing lesions and the monoterpene concentration of the necrotic tissue within each lesion were measured. both sterile and fungal wounding resulted in the development of lesions in the phloem-outer xylem. at both 4 and 6 weeks after inoculation, lesions induced by ... | 1995 | 14965920 |
| exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and chlorophyll concentration in slash pine leaves. | chlorophyll concentration is related positively to the point of maximum slope in the reflectance spectra of leaves and this point is termed the red edge. the reflectance spectra of slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) needles were measured in the field and the chlorophyll concentrations of the same needles were measured in the laboratory. the measurement errors for red edge and chlorophyll concentration were determined to be 2.2 nm (3% of mean) and 0.35 mg g(-1) (19% of mean), respectively. the ... | 1995 | 14965977 |
| influence of climate and fertilization on net photosynthesis of mature slash pine. | net photosynthesis was measured under field conditions in 23-year-old slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliottii) trees to determine how it was affected by fertilization and climate. there was only a small decrease in rates of net photosynthesis from late summer through winter demonstrating that appreciable carbon gain occurs throughout the year in slash pine. although fertilization substantially increased leaf area and aboveground biomass, it only slightly increased the rate of net phot ... | 1994 | 14967613 |
| growth and phenology of seedlings of four contrasting slash pine families in ten nitrogen regimes. | seedlings of two fast- and two slow-growing families of slash pine, pinus elliottii englm. var. elliottii, were grown in a greenhouse for one growing season in one of 10 nitrogen (n) regimes. increasing the n concentration in the nutrient solution resulted in both increased growth rates during the exponential growth phase and extended duration of the growing season. the two components of total height, free growth (epicotyl length to the first bud) and summer growth (height growth after the first ... | 1992 | 14969950 |
| protein synthesis in slash pine callus cultures exposed to water stress. | effects of water stress on protein synthesis were investigated in heterotrophic callus cultures derived from slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) cotyledon explants. cultures were transferred to medium containing 0-15% mannitol to provide water potentials between -0.4 and -2.5 mpa. beginning between 0 and 22 h after transfer to the new medium, cultures were incubated for 2 h with (35)s-methionine. both the uptake of label and the incorporation of label into protein decreased with decreasing medi ... | 1988 | 14972828 |
| slash pine bud dormancy as affected by lifting date and root wrenching in the nursery. | bud dormancy of root wrenched and unwrenched slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) seedlings growing in a forest nursery was measured on five lifting dates. determination of bud dormancy was based on days to budbreak (dbb) under optimal growing conditions, mitotic activity in the apical meristem, chilling hours accumulated, and bud morphology. based on dbb, seedlings were most dormant at lift 2 on november 24 after exposure to 189 hours below 10 degrees c and 93 hours below 6.7 degrees c. mitotic ... | 1991 | 14972840 |
| exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and chlorophyll content in slash pine. | chlorophyll is a key indicator of the physiological status of a forest canopy. however, its distribution may vary greatly in time and space, so that the estimation of chlorophyll content of canopies or branches by extrapolation from leaf values obtained by destructive sampling is labor intensive and potentially inaccurate. chlorophyll content is related positively to the point of maximum slope in vegetation reflectance spectra which occurs at wavelengths between 690-740 nm and is known as the "r ... | 1990 | 14972904 |
| multivariate multilevel nonlinear mixed effects models for timber yield predictions. | nonlinear mixed effects models have become important tools for growth and yield modeling in forestry. to date, applications have concentrated on modeling single growth variables such as tree height or bole volume. here, we propose multivariate multilevel nonlinear mixed effects models for describing several plot-level timber quantity characteristics simultaneously. we describe how such models can be used to produce future predictions of timber volume (yield). the class of models and methods of e ... | 2004 | 15032769 |
| suitability of some southern and western pines as hosts for the pine shoot beetle, tomicus piniperda (coleoptera: scolytidae). | the pine shoot beetle, tomicus piniperda (l.), is an exotic pest that has become established in north america. discovered in ohio in 1992, it has since been found in at least 13 states and parts of canada. the beetle can cause significant growth loss in pines, and it represents a potential threat to trees in areas where it has not yet become established. to evaluate this threat to native pines, field and laboratory tests were conducted on several common and important southern and western species ... | 2004 | 15154468 |
| volatiles associated with preferred and nonpreferred hosts of the nantucket pine tip moth, rhyacionia frustrana. | ovipositing female nantucket pine tip moth, rhyacionia frustrana, prefer loblolly pine, pinus taeda l., to slash pine, pinus elliottii engelm, except during the first spring following planting of seedlings. host discrimination by r. frustrana increases as seedlings develop, suggesting that changes in the chemical composition of seedlings may mediate the moth's host preferences. volatile compounds from slash and loblolly pine seedlings were collected using solid-phase microextraction (spme) durin ... | 2004 | 15274443 |
| integrating within-crown variation in net photosynthesis in loblolly and slash pine families. | we examined photosynthetic characteristics of two fast- and two slow-growing half-sib families of both loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) and slash pine (pinus elliottii var. elliottii engelm.) on two sites in northern florida to: (1) quantify variation in light-saturated net photosynthesis (amax) associated with vertical crown position and foliage age; (2) quantify the amount and distribution of leaf area by foliage age class; and (3) determine whether photosynthetic indices, ranging from leaf-leve ... | 2004 | 15339730 |
| aluminum fractions in root tips of slash pine and loblolly pine families differing in al resistance. | aluminum (al) distribution among several cellular fractions was investigated in root tips of seedlings of one al-resistant and one al-sensitive family of slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) and loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) grown in nutrient solution containing 100 microm alcl3 (ph 4) for 167 h. aluminum present in 5-mm-long root tips was fractionated into cell-wall-labile (desorbed in 0.5 mm citric acid), cell-wall-bound (retained after filtering disrupted cells through 20-microm mesh) and sy ... | 2005 | 15574406 |
| biology of hylobitelus xiaoi (coleoptera: curculionidae), a new pest of slash pine, pinus elliottii. | the biology of the weevil hylobitelus xiaoi zhang was studied in both field and laboratory in shangyou, jiangxi province, china. this species required 2 yr to complete one generation with overwintering by adults in pupal chambers and larvae in galleries in the bark of host trees. adults emerged from early march to early april and fed on the inner bark of branches of the trees. adults fly little. adults exhibited a diel periodicity, climbing up the trees around sunset and returning to the tree ba ... | 2004 | 15666750 |
| gibberellin inhibitors improve embryogenic tissue initiation in conifers. | somatic embryogenesis (se), the most promising technology to multiply high-value coniferous trees from advanced breeding and genetic engineering programs, is expected to play an important role in increasing productivity, sustainability, and uniformity of future forests in the united states. for commercial use, se technology must work with a variety of genetically diverse trees. initiation in loblolly pine (lp; pinus taeda l.), our main focus species, is often recalcitrant for desirable genotypes ... | 2004 | 15688237 |
| effects of substrate biodegradability on the mass and activity of the associated estuarine microbiota. | multiple biochemical assays of microbial mass and activities were applied to the estuarine detrital microbiota colonizing morphologically similar polyvinyl chloride needles and needles from slash pine (pinus elliottii). biodegradable pine needles consistently showed 2- to 10-fold higher values of extractable adenosine 5'-triphosphate, rates of oxygen utilization, activities of alkaline phosphatase and phosphodiesterase, and the mucopeptide cell wall component muramic acid than did the polyvinyl ... | 1978 | 16345262 |
| mineralization of detrital lignocelluloses by salt marsh sediment microflora. | specifically radiolabeled c-(cellulose)-lignocellulose and c-(lignin)-lignocellulose were isolated from labeled cuttings of spartina alterniflora (cordgrass) and pinus elliottii (slash pine). these were used to estimate the rates of mineralization to co(2) of lignocelluloses of estuarine and terrestrial origin in salt marsh estuarine sediments. the lignin moiety of pine lignocellulose was mineralized 10 to 14 times more slowly than that of spartina lignocellulose, depending on the source of inoc ... | 1980 | 16345647 |
| thermophilic anaerobic biodegradation of [c]lignin, [c]cellulose, and [c]lignocellulose preparations. | thermophilic (55 degrees c) anaerobic enrichment cultures were incubated with [c-lignin]lignocellulose, [c-polysaccharide]lignocellulose, and kraft [c]lignin prepared from slash pine, pinus elliottii, and c-labeled preparations of synthetic lignin and purified cellulose. significant but low percentages (2 to 4%) of synthetic and natural pine lignin were recovered as labeled methane and carbon dioxide during 60-day incubations, whereas much greater percentages (13 to 23%) of kraft lignin were rec ... | 1985 | 16346924 |
| light quality treatments enhance somatic seedling production in three southern pine species. | embryogenic cultures of loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.), slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.), longleaf pine (pinus palustris mill.) and slash pine x longleaf pine hybrids were initiated from immature seeds on an initiation medium containing 13.57 microm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2.22 microm benzylaminopurine. embryogenic cultures proliferated and somatic embryos developed, matured and germinated following a modified protocol and media originally developed for radiata pine (pinus radiata ... | 2006 | 16356915 |
| plant regeneration through multiple adventitious shoot differentiation from callus cultures of slash pine (pinus elliottii). | a plant regeneration system through multiple adventitious shoot differentiation from callus cultures has been established in slash pine (pinus elliottii). influences of seven different basal media on callus induction, adventitious shoot formation, and rooting were investigated. among the different basal media, b5, sh, and te proved to be suitable for callus induction and plantlet regeneration. multiple adventitious shoot formation was obtained from callus cultures of slash pine on b5, sh, and te ... | 2006 | 16360808 |
| selecting ectomycorrhizal fungi for inoculating plantations in south china: effect of scleroderma on colonization and growth of exotic eucalyptus globulus, e. urophylla, pinus elliottii, and p. radiata. | plantation forestry with exotic trees in south china needs compatible symbionts to improve the growth of seedlings in nurseries and to enhance establishment and growth in the field. scleroderma, a potentially suitable symbiont for inoculation, is not being used in containerized nurseries in the region due to poor knowledge of its host range. the ability of 15 collections of scleroderma, nine from australia and six from asia, to colonize and promote growth of four important exotic plantation tree ... | 2006 | 16534620 |
| fitness consequences of pheromone production and host selection strategies in a tree-killing bark beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae). | timing of arrival at a resource often determines an individual's reproductive success. tree-killing bark beetles can reproduce in healthy trees by attacking in adequate numbers to overcome host defences that could otherwise be lethal. this process is mediated by aggregation and antiaggregation pheromones. beetles that arrive early in such a "mass attack" must contend with undiminished tree defences, and produce enough pheromones to attract more beetles, but have a head start on gallery construct ... | 2006 | 16609873 |
| the expression of interionic relationships in pinus elliottii. | the effects of factorial combinations of n, p and mg on some of the interrelationships among nutrient ions as they occurred in seedlings of slash pine were investigated. in similar studies, true interactions have not always been differentiated from apparent interactions, the result of comparing foliage concentrations in plants with widely divergent growth rates. to prevent this, nutrient solutions were formulated to produce conditions ranging only from slight deficiency through luxury consumptio ... | 1967 | 16656680 |
| influence of light and temperature on monoterpene emission rates from slash pine. | there is a growing awareness of vegetation's role as a source of potentially reactive hydrocarbons that may serve as photochemical oxidant precursors. this study assessed the influence of light and temperature, independently, on monoterpene emissions from slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.). plants were preconditioned in a growth chamber, then transferred to an environmentally controlled gas exchange chamber. samples of the chamber atmosphere were collected; the monoterpenes were concentrated c ... | 1980 | 16661285 |
| extended host range of agrobacterium tumefaciens in the genus pinus. | two-to 4-month-old seedlings of nine pine species (pinus eldarica medw., pinus elliottii engelm., pinus jeffreyi grev. & balf., pinus lambertiana dougl., pinus ponderosa laws., pinus radiata d. don, pinus sylvestris l., pinus taeda l., pinus virginiana mill), douglas fir (pseudotsuaa menziesii (mirb.) franco) and incense cedar (libocedrus decurrens torr.) were inoculated with five strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. transformation occurred in all conifer species tested as determined by gall fo ... | 1990 | 16667394 |
| loblolly pine and slash pine responses to acute aluminum and acid exposures. | in response to concerns about aluminum and hcl exposure associated with rocket motor testing and launches, survival and growth of full-sib families of loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) and slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) were evaluated in a nursery bed experiment. each species was exposed to a single soil application of aluminum chloride (0.33 m alcl(3), ph 2.5), hydrochloric acid (0.39 m hcl, ph 0.6) or water, with or without mycorrhizal inoculation with pisolithus tinctorius (coker and couch ... | 2006 | 16740496 |
| spatial relationships between nitrogen status and pitch canker disease in slash pine planted adjacent to a poultry operation. | pitch canker disease (fusarium circinatum nirenberg & o'donnell) causes serious shoot dieback, reduced growth and mortality in pines found in the southern and western usa, and has been linked to nutrient imbalances. poultry houses with forced-air ventilation systems produce nitrogen (n) emissions. this study analyzed spatial correlations between pitch canker disease and foliar, forest floor, soil, and throughfall n in a slash pine (pinus elliottii var. elliottii engelm.) plantation adjacent to a ... | 2007 | 17049465 |
| [aboveground biomass of three conifers in qianyanzhou plantation]. | in this paper, the regressive models of the aboveground biomass of pinus elliottii, p. massoniana and cunninghamia lanceolata in qianyanzhou of subtropical china were established, and the regression analysis on the dry weight of leaf biomass and total biomass against branch diameter (d), branch length (l), d3 and d2l was conducted with linear, power and exponent functions. power equation with single parameter (d) was proved to be better than the rests for p. massoniana and c. lanceolata, and lin ... | 2006 | 17066688 |
| diurnal variation of the delta 13c of pine needle respired co2 evolved in darkness. | the delta 13c of pine needle co2 evolved in darkness (delta 13cr) for slash pine trees (pinus elliottii) was determined by placing recently collected pine needles in darkness and collecting respired co2 over a short time period (<15 min). delta 13cr measurements were made over several 24 h periods to test the hypothesis that significant variation in delta 13cr would be observed during a diurnal cycle. the delta 13cr measurements from the 24 h time series trials showed a consistent midday 13c-enr ... | 2006 | 17080636 |
| clonal variation in crown structure, absorbed photosynthetically active radiation and growth of loblolly pine and slash pine. | crown structure, absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (apar) and growth were analyzed in 300 replicated loblolly (pinus taeda l.) and slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliotti) clones to: (1) quantify genetic variation in crown structural traits, growth and apar at the species, family and clonal levels; and (2) estimate within-family genetic and environmental influences on measured variables. species and family-within-species differences were found in some growth traits, crown si ... | 2007 | 17241984 |
| plant cover and biomass response to clear-cutting, site preparation, and planting in pinus elliottii flatwoods. | pine plantation management did not initially convert natural forests to monocultures; rather it increased plant species richness and diversity. during a 5-year study of two natural watersheds in florida that were converted to plantations, woody species diminished, but herbaceous species increased. number of plant species on permanent transects and plots increased. diversity of cover, frequency, and biomass did not diminish or else increased after harvest. | 1983 | 17735191 |
| bacteria associated with ectomycorrhizas of slash pine (pinus elliottii) in south-eastern queensland, australia. | bacterial communities associated with ectomycorrhizal and uncolonized roots of pinus elliottii (slash pine) collected from a plantation in south-east queensland, australia, were investigated, using cultivation-dependent and -independent methods. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis of 16s rrna gene pcr products obtained using a cultivation-independent approach revealed that bacterial communities associated with ectomycorrhizal root tips differed significantly from those associ ... | 2008 | 18355286 |
| [biomass of quercus fabri population under different ecological restoration regimes in subtropical china]. | in this paper, the tissue-specific biomass and above-ground biomass of quercus fabri under different ecological restoration regimes in subtropical china were analyzed by establishing allometric models with different parameters. the best-fitted equations were adopted for estimating the biomass and its annual growth, and the below-ground biomass and its increment were estimated on the basis of its linear relationship with above-ground biomass. the results showed that the biomass of the branches an ... | 2008 | 18533510 |
| culture of photomixotrophic soybean and pine in a modified fermentor using a novel impeller. | photomixotrophic suspensions of glycine max (soybean) and pinus elliottii (slash pine) have been successfully cultured in a hybrid stirred tank photobioreactor using a novel cell-lift impeller. a cell-lift impeller exhibited cell viabilities over 90% and an average cell aggregate size of 1.0 mm or less. flat-bladed turbines produced equivalent biomass to the cell-lift impeller, but cell viability was reduced (85%) and cell aggregate size increased (3-5 mm diameter). maximum fresh weights of 82 g ... | 1989 | 18588217 |
| synthesis and crystal structure of maleopimaric acid. | the title compound maleopimaric acid was synthesized by a diels-alder reaction between maleic anhydride and pinus elliottii engelm oleoresin at room temperature and it was characterized by single crystal x-ray diffraction. the white crystals crystallized in the orthorhombic system, space group p2(12121) with cell dimensions: a = 7.6960 (15) a, b = 11.851 (2) a, c = 24.577 (5) a, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 90 degrees, v = 2241.6(8) a(3), and r(1) = 0.0716, wr(2) = 0.1975. the ... | 2008 | 18626819 |
| carbon storage of different soil-size fractions in florida silvopastoral systems. | compared with open (treeless) pasture systems, silvopastoral agroforestry systems that integrate trees into pasture production systems are likely to enhance soil carbon (c) sequestration in deeper soil layers. to test this hypothesis, total soil c contents at six soil depths (0-5, 5-15, 15-30, 30-50, 50-75, and 75-125 cm) were determined in silvopastoral systems with slash pine (pinus elliottii) + bahiagrass (paspalum notatum) and an adjacent open pasture (op) with bahiagrass at four sites, repr ... | 2008 | 18689740 |
| parasitic habits of trophotylenchulus floridensis (tylenchulidae) and its taxonomic relationship to tylenchulus semipenetrans and allied species. | parasitism by trophotylenchulus floridensis raski, 1957 was studied on roots of sand pine (pinus clausa [chapm.] vasey). different life stages of the nematode were observed to be covered by dark, spherical, brittle, capsule-like structures which protruded from the root surface. the mature capsule enveloped a single sedentary female with a gelatinous matrix containing an average of 76 (44-117) eggs. the capsule was composed of a single layer of cells which appeared to be of plant origin. the ante ... | 1983 | 19295840 |
| transmission of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus, to slash pine trees and log bolts by a cerambycid beetle, monochamus titillator, in florida. | field-collected adults of the southern pine sawyer, monochamus titillator (f.) (coleoptera: cerambycidae), naturally infested with fourth-stage juveniles (dauerlarvae) of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus (steiner and buhrer, 1934) nickle, 1970, were maturation fed on excised shoots of typical slash pine, pinus elliottii engelm. var elliottii, for 21 days. during august 1981, a male and female adult beetle were held in a sleeve cage placed on the terminal of a side branch of each ... | 1984 | 19295871 |
| protocylindrocorpus dendrophilus n. sp. (nematoda: cylindrocorpidae) associated with pine wood borings. | protocylindrocorpus dendrophilus n. sp. is described from xylem samples taken from beetle infested slash pine (pinus elliottii engelmann var. elliottii) in central louisiana. it is similar to p. goodeyi (rühm) paramonov, but differs by the possession of a protuberant and more posteriorly located vulva and in the position of the caudal papillae. morphometrics of the male and female are presented. | 1984 | 19295889 |
| a comparison of the leaf-litter ant fauna in a secondary atlantic forest with an adjacent pine plantation in southeastern brazil. | we investigated the influence of pinus afforestation on the structure of leaf-litter ant communities in the southeastern brazilian atlantic forest, studying an old secondary forest and a nearly 30 year-old never managed pinus elliottii reforested area. a total of 12,826 individual ants distributed among 95 species and 32 genera were obtained from 50 1 m(2) samples/ habitat. of these, 60 species were recorded in the pine plantation and 82 in the area of atlantic forest; almost 50% of the species ... | 2009 | 19347097 |
| [effects of urbanization on soil nitrogen supply in pinus elliottii plantations]. | with the pinus elliottii plantations along an urban-rural gradient in nanchang city as test objectives, and by using ion-exchange resin (ier) bag, this paper studied the seasonal dynamics of soil available nitrogen in the plantations, and analyzed the effects of urbanization on soil nitrogen supply. the results showed that the soil nitrogen supply in the plantations had an obvious seasonal fluctuation. soil nh4+ -n concentration was significantly higher in autumn and winter than in spring and su ... | 2009 | 19637587 |
| a novel phylogenetic group within thozetella (chaetosphaeriaceae): a new taxon based on morphology and dna sequence analyses. | a new species, thozetella pinicola, was isolated from leaf litter of pinus elliottii engelm. in hong kong. this taxon is described and compared with existing species in the genus. it occurs on the substrate as creamy white sporodochia and has short black conidiophores. morphological characters are typical of thozetella and it most closely resembles thozetella falcata, thozetella gigantea and thozetella nivea, but may be distinguished by its distinct microawns and different conidial size. to gain ... | 2009 | 19767838 |
| hydraulic architecture and tracheid allometry in mature pinus palustris and pinus elliottii trees. | pinus palustris mill. (longleaf pine, ll) and pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliottii (slash pine, sl) frequently co-occur in lower coastal plain flatwoods of the usa, with ll typically inhabiting slightly higher and better-drained microsites than sl. the hydraulic architecture and tracheid dimensions of roots, trunk and branches of mature ll and sl trees were compared to understand their role in species microsite occupation. root xylem had higher sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity (k(s)) an ... | 2010 | 20103778 |
| effects of pine pollen supplementation in an onion diet on frankliniella fusca reproduction. | a micro-cage bioassay was developed to test the effect of slash pine pollen (pinus elliottii engelm.) supplementation to a whole onion plant (allium cepa l. variety pegasus) diet on thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) reproductive parameters. frankliniella fusca (hinds) females were placed on two to three-leaf stage onion seedling under a treatment of either slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm.) pollen dusting (a pollen supplement) or no pollen treatment. adult survival, net oviposition, and offspri ... | 2010 | 20388281 |
| (3z,6z,9z,12z,15z) -pentacosapentaene and (z) -11-hexadecenyl acetate: sex attractant blend for dioryctria amatella (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | in 2006-2008, we tested (3z,6z,9z,12z,15z)-pentacosapentaene (pentaene) with the pheromone components (z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (z11-16:ac) and (z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (z9-14:ac), as sex attractants for four sympatric species of coneworms, dioryctria zeller (lepidoptera: pyralidae) in slash (pinus elliottii engelm.) and loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) seed orchards in georgia and louisiana, respectively. the addition ofpentaene increased catches of male southern pine coneworm, dioryctria amat ... | 2010 | 20857730 |
| [study on extraction of shikimic acid from pine needles of pinus elliottii by decompressing inner ebullition]. | we studied the extracting process of shikimic acid from pine needles of pinus elliottii engelm, using pine needles of pinus elliottii engelm as raw materials, a high concentration of alcohol as the desorption and a low concentration of alcohol as the hot-extraction, and the decompressing inner ebullition method. through the single factor test and orthogonal test, the best processing of the decompressing inner ebullition was as follows: when the concentration of alcohol was 70 percent with 18 min ... | 2010 | 21243780 |
| diversity of the families of coleoptera captured with pitfall traps in five different environments in santa maria, rs, brazil. | the conservationist community is giving special attention to epigean insects due to their importance in the preservation of terrestrial habitats. this work analysed the diversity, richness, abundance and similarity at the soil surface of coleoptera composition among five environments: native forest, native grassland, pinus elliottii plantation, eucalyptus saligna plantation and degraded area by soil use in southern brazil, from october 2004 to october 2005. a total of 1,812 individuals were coll ... | 2011 | 21755155 |
| [effects of forest type on soil organic matter, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities]. | taking the typical forest types pinus elliottii var. elliotttii, araucaria cunninghamii, and agathis australis in southern queensland of australia as test objects, an investigation was made on the soil soluble organic carbon (soc) and nitrogen (son), microbial biomass c (mbc) and n (mbn), and enzyme activities, aimed to understand the effects of forest type on soil quality. in the three forests, soil soc content was 552-1154 mg kg(-1), soil son content was 20.11-57.32 mg kg(-1), soil mbc was 42- ... | 2011 | 22263459 |
| taxonomy and phylogeny of the leptographium procerum complex, including leptographium sinense sp. nov. and leptographium longiconidiophorum sp. nov. | leptographium procerum (ophiostomatales, ascomycota) is a well-known fungal associate of pine root-infesting bark beetles and weevils, occurring in several countries of the world. the fungus is not a primary pathogen but has been associated with white pine root decline in the usa and with serious damage caused by the introduced red turpentine beetle (rtb) dendroctonus valens in china. several species closely related to l. procerum have been described during the past decade. the aim of this study ... | 2015 | 25510728 |
| antibacterial activity of pinus elliottii against anaerobic bacteria present in primary endodontic infections. | endodontic infections have a polymicrobial nature, but anaerobic bacteria prevail among the infectious microbes. considering that it is easy to eliminate planktonic bacteria, biofilm-forming bacteria still challenge clinicians during the fight against endodontic diseases. the chemical constituents of the oleoresin of pinus elliottii, a plant belonging to the family pinaceae, stand out in the search for biologically active compounds based on natural products with potential application in the trea ... | 2014 | 25270831 |
| antibacterial activity of pinus elliottii and its major compound, dehydroabietic acid, against multidrug-resistant strains. | antibiotic-resistant bacteria have emerged from the widespread use of antibiotics worldwide and have prompted the search for new sources of antimicrobial substances. pinus spp. contain several bioactive compounds consisting mainly of terpenes, terpenoids and some other aromatic and aliphatic constituents. these compounds exert important biological effects, and pine oils have found wide application in the industry. in the present study, we have evaluated the potential activity of the resin-oil of ... | 2014 | 25261060 |
| [characteristics of soil ph and exchangeable acidity in red soil profile under different vegetation types]. | the characteristics of soil ph and exchangeable acidity in soil profile under different vegetation types were studied in hilly red soil regions of southern hunan province, china. the soil samples from red soil profiles within 0-100 cm depth at fertilized plots and unfertilized plots were collected and analyzed to understand the profile distribution of soil ph and exchangeable acidity. the results showed that, ph in 0-60 cm soil from the fertilized plots decreased as the following sequence: citru ... | 2015 | 26785544 |
| control of resin production in araucaria angustifolia, an ancient south american conifer. | araucaria angustifolia is an ancient slow-growing conifer that characterises parts of the southern atlantic forest biome, currently listed as a critically endangered species. the species also produces bark resin, although the factors controlling its resinosis are largely unknown. to better understand this defence-related process, we examined the resin exudation response of a. angustifolia upon treatment with well-known chemical stimulators used in fast-growing conifers producing both bark and wo ... | 2015 | 25545585 |
| indole-3-acetic acid producing root-associated bacteria on growth of brazil pine (araucaria angustifolia) and slash pine (pinus elliottii). | araucaria forests in brazil today correspond to only 0.7 % of the original 200 km(2) of natural forest that covered a great part of the southern and southeastern area of the atlantic forest and, although araucaria angustifolia is an endangered species, illegal exploitation is still going on. as an alternative to the use of hardwoods, pinus elliottii presents rapid growth and high tolerance to climatic stress and low soil fertility or degraded areas. thus, the objective of this study was to evalu ... | 2014 | 24481491 |
| using electrical resistivity tomography to differentiate sapwood from heartwood: application to conifers. | estimating sapwood area is one of the main sources of error when upscaling point scale sap flow measurements to whole-tree water use. in this study, the potential use of electrical resistivity tomography (ert) to determine the sapwood-heartwood (sw-hw) boundary is investigated for pinus elliottii engelm var. elliottii × pinus caribaea morelet var. hondurensis growing in a subtropical climate. specifically, this study investigates: (i) how electrical resistivity is correlated to either wood moist ... | 2013 | 23329335 |
| differences in coprophilous beetle communities structure in sierra de minas (uruguay): a mosaic landscape. | coprophilous beetles represent an abundant and rich group with critical importance in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. most coprophagous beetles have a stenotopic distribution in relation to vegetation types. because of this, they are usually very sensitive to environmental changes and are considered well suited as bioindicator organisms. the aim of this study was to analyze variations in coprophilous beetle assemblages in natural and anthropogenic habitats. coprophilous beetle communi ... | 2012 | 23950086 |
| [impacts of land-use types on soil c mineralization and temperature sensitivity of forests in qianyanzhou, jiangxi province, china]. | decomposition of soil organic matter plays an important role in the regulation of carbon (c) cycles at ecosystem or regional scales, and is closely related to temperature, moisture, and land-use types. the influences of soil temperature, moisture, and land-use types on soil c mineralization in citrus reticulata and pinus elliottii forests were investigated at the qianyanzhou ecological experiment station, chinese academy of sciences, by conducting incubation experiments at 5-level temperatures ( ... | 2014 | 25345040 |
| evaluation of growth and foraging in laboratory colonies of coptotermes gestroi (isoptera, rhinotermitidae). | coptotermes gestroi is an exotic species in brazil that forages on several food items at the same time. different laboratory tests were performed with 6-year-old colonies of this termite in order to follow the development and displacement of these colonies, considering which castes and instars were transferred or moved from their original chamber. two bioassays were carried out, one with similar alternative foods (pinus sp. sawdust), and the other with different alternative foods (large block of ... | 2015 | 25795098 |
| thermal decomposition of wood: kinetics and degradation mechanisms. | the influence of wood components and cellulose crystallinity on the kinetic degradation of different wood species has been investigated using thermogravimetry. four wood species were studied: pinus elliottii (pie), eucalyptus grandis (eug), mezilaurus itauba (ita) and dipteryx odorata (dip). thermogravimetric results showed that higher extractive contents in the wood accelerate the degradation process and promote an increase in the conversion values at low temperatures. alternatively, the result ... | 2012 | 23073083 |
| thermal decomposition of wood: influence of wood components and cellulose crystallite size. | the influence of wood components and cellulose crystallinity on the thermal degradation behavior of different wood species has been investigated using thermogravimetry, chemical analysis and x-ray diffraction. four wood samples, pinus elliottii (pie), eucalyptus grandis (eug), mezilaurus itauba (ita) and dipteryx odorata (dip) were used in this study. the results showed that higher extractives contents associated with lower crystallinity and lower cellulose crystallite size can accelerate the de ... | 2012 | 22306076 |
| effects of dissolved organic matter derived from forest leaf litter on biodegradation of phenanthrene in aqueous phase. | dissolved organic matter (dom) released from forest leaf litter is potentially effective for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), yet the inherent mechanism remains insufficiently elucidated. in this study, we investigated the effects of dom derived from pinus elliottii and schima superba leaf litter on the degradation of phenanthrene by the phenanthrene degrading bacterium sphingobium sp. phe-1. dom from different origins and at a large range of concentrations enhanced th ... | 2017 | 27856050 |
| a partial genetic linkage map of slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliottii) based on random amplified polymorphic dnas. | a set of 420 random, 10-base, oligonucleotide primers was screened for random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fragments within a sample of eight megagametophyte dnas of a single slash pine (pinus elliottii engelm. var. elliottii) tree. the apparently repeatable rapd fragments were further characterized within a sample of 68 megagametophytes from the same tree. fragments segregating in a 1∶1, present-to-absent, ratio were classified and mapped using multi-point linkage analysis. the analysis rev ... | 1993 | 24190206 |
| efficient delivery of small interfering rna to plant cells by a nanosecond pulsed laser-induced stress wave for posttranscriptional gene silencing. | small interfering rna (sirna) induced posttranscriptional gene silencing (ptgs) has been an efficient method for genetic and molecular analysis of certain developmental and physiological processes and represented a potential strategy for both controlling virus replication and developing therapeutic products. however, there are limitations for the methods currently used to deliver sirna into cells. we report here, to our knowledge, the first efficient delivery of sirna to plant cells by a nanosec ... | 2006 | 22980207 |