| pgd variants in several wild pig populations of east asia. | pgd (6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) gene frequencies were reported in wild pigs, sus scrofa, of three subspecies, i.e. japanese wild pig, s.s. leucomystax, ryukyu wild pig, s.s. riukiuanus, and formosan wild pig, s.s. taivanus. five phenotypes (a, ab, b, ac' and c') were observed. the c' variant was found only in the s.s. leucomystax, and may be identical to pgd-c reported by archibald & mcteir (1988). pgd-a was a common variant in all the species in the genus sus including wild pig, sus scro ... | 1991 | 1952285 |
| novel herpesviruses of suidae: indicators for a second genogroup of artiodactyl gammaherpesviruses. | five novel herpesviruses were identified in suid species from africa (common warthog, phacochoerus africanus) and south-east asia (bearded pig, sus barbatus; babirusa, babyrousa babyrussa) by detection and analysis of their dna polymerase genes. three of the novel species, p. africanus cytomegalovirus 1, p. africanus lymphotropic herpesvirus 1 (pafrlhv-1) and s. barbatus lymphotropic herpesvirus 1 (sbarlhv-1), were closely related to known beta- (porcine cytomegalovirus) and gammaherpesviruses [ ... | 2004 | 15039528 |
| modelling the many-wrongs principle: the navigational advantages of aggregation in nomadic foragers. | we develop a simple individual-based model to gain an understanding of the drivers of aggregation behaviour in nomadic foragers. the model incorporates two key elements influencing nomadic foragers in variable environments: uncertainty regarding the location of food sources and variability in the spatio-temporal distribution of ephemeral food sources. a genetic algorithm is used to evolve parameters describing an individual's movement and aggregation strategy. we apply the aggregation model to a ... | 2006 | 16289125 |
| the uncoupling protein 1 gene (ucp1) is disrupted in the pig lineage: a genetic explanation for poor thermoregulation in piglets. | piglets appear to lack brown adipose tissue, a specific type of fat that is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in mammals, and they rely on shivering as the main mechanism for thermoregulation. here we provide a genetic explanation for the poor thermoregulation in pigs as we demonstrate that the gene for uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) was disrupted in the pig lineage. ucp1 is exclusively expressed in brown adipose tissue and plays a crucial role for thermogenesis by uncoupling oxidative phosp ... | 2006 | 16933999 |
| orangutan death and scavenging by pigs. | pongid remains are rarely recovered from tropical rain forests. observations of a bornean bearded pig (sus barbatus) scavenging an orangutan (pongo pygmaeus) carcass and the recovery of an orangutan skull fragment corroborates evidence from africa and suggests that the scavenging of wild pigs may play an important role in the destruction of pongid remains. | 1978 | 17847332 |
| adaptive evolution of toll-like receptors (tlrs) in the family suidae. | members of the family suidae have diverged over extended evolutionary periods in diverse environments, suggesting that adaptation in response to endemic infectious agents may have occurred. toll-like receptors (tlrs) comprise a multigene family that acts as the first line of defense against infectious microbes at the host-environment interface. we hypothesized that across the suidae, positive selection mediated by infectious agents has contributed to the evolution of tlr diversity. thus, we anal ... | 2015 | 25894218 |
| evolutionary patterns of toll-like receptor signaling pathway genes in the suidae. | the toll-like receptor (tlr) signaling pathway constitutes an essential component of the innate immune system. highly conserved proteins, indicative of their critical roles in host survival, characterize this pathway. selective constraints could vary depending on the gene's position within the pathway as tlr signaling is a sequential process and that genes downstream of the tlrs may be more selectively constrained to ensure efficient immune responses given the important role of downstream genes ... | 2016 | 26860534 |
| the middle pleistocene vertebrate fauna from khok sung (nakhon ratchasima, thailand): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications. | the fluviatile terrace deposits of khok sung, nakhon ratchasima province, have yielded more than one thousand fossils, making this the richest pleistocene vertebrate fauna of thailand. the excellent preservation of the specimens allows precise characterization of the faunal composition. the mammalian fauna consists of fifteen species in thirteen genera, including a primate, a canid, a hyaenid, proboscideans, rhinoceroses, a suid, cervids, and bovids. most species correspond to living taxa but gl ... | 2016 | 27667928 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of bearded pig, sus barbatus, and comparative mitochondrial genomics of cetartiodactyla. | in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of bearded pig, sus barbatus, with the total length of 16,480 bp, is determined for the first time. this mitogenome harbors 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes, two ribosomal rna genes, and one control region (d-loop). the overall base composition is a (34.80%), c (26.07%), g (13.12%), and t (26.01%), so the slight a-t bias (60.81%) was detected. most of the genes are distributed on the h-strand, except for the nd6 subunit gene ... | 2016 | 26104157 |
| description, molecular characteristics and wolbachia endosymbionts of onchocerca borneensis uni, mat udin & takaoka n. sp. (nematoda: filarioidea) from the bornean bearded pig sus barbatus müller (cetartiodactyla: suidae) of sarawak, malaysia. | the genus onchocerca diesing, 1841 includes species of medical importance, such as o. volvulus (leuckart, 1893), which causes river blindness in the tropics. recently, zoonotic onchocercosis has been reported in humans worldwide. in japan, o. dewittei japonica uni, bain & takaoka, 2001 from wild boars is a causative agent for this zoonosis. many filarioid nematodes are infected with wolbachia endosymbionts which exhibit various evolutionary relationships with their hosts. while investigating the ... | 2020 | 32028994 |
| novel low-voltage electro-ejaculation approach for sperm collection from zoo captive lanyu miniature pigs (sus barbatus sumatranus). | semen collection can be achieved via hand penile massage or rectal stimulation using electro-ejaculation methods. traditional electro-ejaculation procedure applied relatively high voltage of 3-15 volts with a maximum current of 900 ma. however, these manipulations often result in great stress and discomforts in animals. in this study, we showed low-voltage electro-ejaculation procedure using 2-3 volts with a maximum current of 500 ma can efficiently stimulated ejaculations in zoo captive lanyu m ... | 2020 | 33036420 |
| retrospective characterization of reproductive tract lesions in relation to age, parity, and contraception in captive suidae and tayassuidae. | reproductive management in zoos requires contraception or physical separation of sexes to ensure captive population viability, but information is sparse on the effects of parity, age, and contraceptive use on lifetime reproductive health in captive suidae and tayassuidae species. this retrospective study evaluated reproductive tissues and histories from babirusa (babyrousa babyrussa), red river hog (potamochoerus porcus), visayan warty pig (sus cebifrons), common warthog (phacochoerus africanus) ... | 2019 | 30690318 |
| the influence of logging on vertebrate responses to mast fruiting. | periods of extreme food abundance, such as irregular masting events, can dramatically affect animal populations and communities, but the extent to which anthropogenic disturbances alter animal responses to mast events is not clear. in south-east asia, dipterocarp trees reproduce in mast fruiting events every 2-10 years in some of the largest masting events on the planet. these trees, however, are targeted for selective logging, reducing the intensity of fruit production and potentially affecting ... | 2019 | 30895613 |
| defaunation and habitat disturbance interact synergistically to alter seedling recruitment. | vertebrate granivores destroy plant seeds, but whether animal-induced seed mortality alters plant recruitment varies with habitat context, seed traits, and among granivore species. an incomplete understanding of seed predation makes it difficult to predict how widespread extirpations of vertebrate granivores in tropical forests might affect tree communities, especially in the face of habitat disturbance. many tropical forests are simultaneously affected by animal loss as well as habitat disturba ... | 2017 | 28660670 |