| fauna and ecology of bloodsucking mosquitoes of evenkia. | this paper presents data on the specific composition, number, hatching sites, seasonal and daily activity of mosquitoes attacking man and reindeer and the influence of weather factors on the attacking activity of mosquitoes in central siberia. 23 species of 3 genera are reported from central siberia as follows: anopheles maculipennis, culiseta alaskaensis, aedes beklemishevi, a. cantans, a. caspius dorsalis, a. cataphylla, a. communis, a. cyprius, a. diantaeus, a. excrucians, a. fitchii, a. flav ... | 1976 | 15232 |
| effect of the landscape and climate on the distribution of blood-sucking mosquitoes in murmansk province. | according to its orographic characteristics and climate the murmansk region represents a special landscape area of the atlantic-arctic zone with its peculiar zoogeographic characters. this specificity is clearly seen in the distribution of 19 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes over the above territory. abundant and widely encountered are only two species, aedes punctor and ae. communis. 9 species, culiseta alaskaensis, c. bergrothi, aedes pullatus, ae. excrucians, ae. pionips, ae. hexodontus, ae ... | 1977 | 19722 |
| arbovirus isolations from mosquitoes in south slovakia. | in the years 1973 and 1975 mosquitoes and some other diptera (tabanidae, simuliidae, hippoboscidae) were tested for virus. 13,924 mosquitoes, 75 horseflies and 60 blackflies were processed in 1973. five strains of tahyna virus were isolated from mosquito species aedes vexans. 3,378 mosquitoes and 12 sheep keds were tested for virus in 1975. twelve strains of calovo virus were isolated from anopheles maculipennis and one strain of tahyna virus was obtained from aedes vexans mosquitoes. | 1978 | 28998 |
| [susceptibility of anopheles maculipennis atroparvus v. thiel to infection with the azerbaijan strains of plasmodium of tertian malaria (plasmodium vivax)]. | | 1977 | 144846 |
| [action of actellic on anopheles maculipennis messeae mosquito larvae in moscow province]. | | 1978 | 149902 |
| [susceptibility of anopheles maculipennis sacharovi and anopheles maculipennis subalpinus mosquitoes to infection with the causative agents of tropical malaria brought in from africa]. | | 1978 | 149904 |
| [discovery of anopheles maculipennis maculipennis meig. in uzbekistan]. | | 1979 | 158128 |
| [some problems of ecology of ddt-resistant anopheles maculipennis sacharovi favre 1903 in populated localities of the azerbaijan ssr]. | | 1975 | 234574 |
| [transmission of the brazilian strain of tertian malaria by anopheles maculipennis atroparvus mosquitoes]. | | 1977 | 327252 |
| [distribution of anopheles maculipennis subalpinis in the upper dniester and dnieper-bug forest steppes]. | | 1979 | 431503 |
| [genetic distance of the malarial mosquitoes, anopheles beklemishevi and anopheles messeae (diptera, culiccidae), and their intraspecific polymorphism]. | allele frequencies at enzyme loci have been studied in finnish populations of two species of the anopheles maculipennis complex: a. beklemishevi and a. messeae. a. beklemishevi is spread over central and northern finland, whereas a. messeae is found in southwestern and central finland. the allele frequencies of these two species exhibit both similarities and differences. the results indicate that the two species do not interbreed in the nature. the allele frequencies at two loci--hydroxybutyrate ... | 1979 | 510915 |
| [studies of the sensitivity to the usual domestic insecticides on insects of the anopheles maculipennis group, and musca domestica, cimex lectularius and blattella germanica species]. | the present paper was designed to the study of the degree of sensitivity of mosquitoes, flies, bedbugs and cockroaches to organochloride and organophosphoric insecticides produced in romania. testing of the sensitivity to insecticides of these species, important as transmitters of human pathogens, showed the effectiveness of the products, which induced a high mortality rate in relatively small concentrations. against anopheles labranchiae atroparvus, the insecticides detox, carbetox and lindatox ... | 1978 | 694334 |
| [synopsis of a four-year research on the "maculipennis" complex (author's transl)]. | the authors have carry out during four summers a study of the "maculipennis complex" on the languedoc-roussillon coast line. they have determined three sibling species: anopheles maculipennis subalpinus (very abundant, with an important eggs ornementation' poly-morphism), anopheles maculipennis maculipennis (found only once in that region) and anopheles maculipennis atroparvus found only the last year of our research. | 1978 | 754626 |
| [inventory of the culcinae in balagne (corsica)]. | we have drawn up the faunistic inventory of culicinae in balagne (corsica) in late summer. the list shows the following species (in order of frequency): culex hortensis, culex pipiens, culex impudicus, culex territans (?), culiseta longiareolata, culiseta annulata, culiseta subochrea, aedes mariae, aedes caspius, aedes vexans, anopheles claviger, anopheles maculipennis. we have observed the important recession of the maculipennis complex (only one female catched indoor) and the abundance of anop ... | 1978 | 754888 |
| [increased activity of attacks on man in ddt-resistant anopheles maculipennis sacharovi favre after contact with this insecticide]. | | 1977 | 927376 |
| transmission of plasmodium vivax malaria in san diego county, california, 1986. | between 18 june and 20 september 1986, 28 cases of plasmodium vivax malaria were documented in carlsbad, california, a coastal town north of san diego. malaria occurred in 1 local resident who had no risk factors, a second local resident who had traveled to a malarious area 9 months earlier, and 26 mexican migrant workers (mws). among the 28 cases, 27 lived in a square mile marshy area where anopheles hermsi, a newly described american species of the anopheles maculipennis group, was known to be ... | 1990 | 1967916 |
| [dissemination of arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes in czechoslovakia and the epidemiologic consequences]. | in czechoslovakia three new arboviruses isolated from mosquitoes were discovered--tahyna, calovo and lednice--which circulate on our territory. the submitted paper summarizes the results of long-term oecological studies of these viruses, in particular their vectors and hosts. the differences between individual viruses in this respect are very marked and from them also differences in the circulation of these viruses follow. there are also very marked differences in their distribution, as apparent ... | 1990 | 1982085 |
| the mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in maliuc (danube delta)--faunistical and ecological data. | the paper reports the results of the survey of the mosquito fauna in the maliuc area (danube delta) in 1983-1985. 16 mosquito species have been recorded in the area during the investigations: anopheles maculipennis--complex, an. hyrcanus, uranotaenia unguiculata, coquillettidia richiardii, culiseta annulata, aedes vexans, ae. cinereus, ae. caspius, ae. dorsalis, ae. excrucians, ae. flavescens, ae. leucomelas, ae. intrudens, culex pipiens, c. martinii, cx. modestus. they have been captured by lig ... | 1990 | 1983702 |
| coelomomyces irani sp.n. infecting anopheles maculipennis in iran. | | 1991 | 2022871 |
| [anopheles maculipennis northeastern and anopheles beklemishevi southwestern distribution areas' borders]. | distribution of an. maculipennis and an. beklemishevi in the upper volga area was investigated. species discrimination was based on the study of polytene chromosomes. the examined material included about 2000 larva and imago from 11 localities, namely: andropov, yaroslavl, rostov (yaroslavl.), solnechnogorsk, protvino (moscow region), suzdal, murom (two localities), joshkar-ola, zelenodolsk, kujbyshev. it appears to be a 700 x 200 km intergradation zone between the species distribution areas. | 1989 | 2523510 |
| the effect of tolypin in tolypocladium niveum crude extract against mosquito and blackfly larvae in the laboratory. | the efficacy of tolypin against mosquito and blackfly larvae was studied under laboratory conditions. it was tested against culex molestus, aedes aegypti, anopheles maculipennis, simulium noelleri and odagmia ornata. a concentration 0.1 mg/ml caused 100% mortality in all species tested and a concentration 0.001 mg/ml caused 100% mortality only in the two species of blackflies used within 24 hours. | 1988 | 2906895 |
| diel activity patterns of blood-seeking anthropophilic mosquitoes in central sweden. | 1. blood-seeking diel activity cycles of mosquitoes are described from 24 h landing catches on human bait in a field and a forest habitat during june-august in central sweden. 2. daytime activity in the field was low or absent, whilst in the forest activity was relatively even throughout the diel. 3. in both habitats, activity peaks generally occurred about sunset and sunrise and were more distinct in the field than in the forest. 4. data from this and other studies show that, in general, aedes ... | 1988 | 2908783 |
| the dutch school of malaria research. | an epidemic of tertian malaria in some coastal areas of the netherlands resulted in the setting up of official measures in 1920. a scientific and a propaganda commission were charged with control. efforts were made to reduce mosquito populations by adult and larval spraying. after the discovery that infected mosquitoes were to be found only inside houses, control operations were focussed against adult mosquitoes. some later discoveries resulted in a more effective control. a) spraying ditches wi ... | 1987 | 3334084 |
| seasonal variation in populations of anopheles maculipennis, anopheles claviger and culex pipiens in turkey. | seasonal variation in larval populations of three species of mosquitoes, anopheles maculipennis, an. claviger and culex pipiens, common in the vicinity of ankara, were studied. populations of an. maculipennis and cx. pipiens disappeared in larval habitats by december but an. claviger, overwintering as larvae remained until the middle of march. animal footprints are densely populated and are preferred by cx. pipiens and an. claviger over larger water bodies. | 1986 | 3507525 |
| [discovery of resistance to ddt in anopheles maculipennis sacharovi favre in the azerbaijan ssr]. | | 1972 | 4263784 |
| [variations in the population densities of anopheles maculipennis messeae fall. in the thinning out zone of backwater of kuĭbyshev water reservoir on the volga (chuvash assr) in the 15 years of its existence (1957-1972)]. | | 1973 | 4273789 |
| isolation in portugal of west nile virus from anopheles maculipennis mosquitoes. | | 1972 | 4403183 |
| [results of 11-years long phenological study of anopheles maculipennis mg.--the main malaria carriers in the vicinities of suchumi]. | | 1973 | 4797681 |
| dates of onset of relapses and the duration of infection in induced tertian malaria with short and long incubation periods. | the course of induced tertian malaria has been studied in patients in psychoneurological hospitals in moscow over a long period. various strains of p. vivax were used to infect patients; the sporozoites were transmitted by anopheles maculipennis atroparvus bred under laboratory conditions. there are marked differences between the dates of onset of relapses, reckoned from the primary manifestations of the disease, in patients developing malaria after long and short incubation periods. p. vivax st ... | 1968 | 4876427 |
| dna content in nine species of nematocera with special reference to the sibling species of the anopheles maculipennis group and the culex pipiens group. | | 1972 | 5043260 |
| [contribution to the study of the composition by age of populations of the anopheles maculipennis group, in relations to the applications of residual insecticides in rumania]. | | 1966 | 5985368 |
| [dimilin in controlling the larvae of anopheles maculipennis messeae fall. mosquitoes and of the rice midge in krasnodar territory]. | | 1980 | 6446674 |
| [natural development of epizootics due to the fungus coelomomyces iliensis and their importance in regulating the number of blood-sucking mosquitoes of the genus culex in kazakhstan]. | observations have shown that the fungus coelomomyces iliensis can be spread with the water current by means of shallow water species aplocheilus latipes, pseudorasbora parva, larvae of beetles of the family dytiscidae, flies musca domestica and ants. the parasite has been found to be pathogenic not only for larvae but also for pupae and imago of mosquitoes of the genus culex. the agent was first found in larvae of anopheles maculipennis in the basin of the cherny irtysh river. this extends the r ... | 1981 | 6459560 |
| [ddt resistance of mosquitoes in an anopheles maculipennis complex in the territory of the ukrainian ssr]. | | 1983 | 6843492 |
| mosquitoes as vectors of setaria labiatopapillosa. | an infected bovine-baited trap was utilised in summer 1994 to catch possible intermediate hosts of s. labiatopapillosa in northeastern italy. collections were made for 21 nights from 8.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m. every 2 h and, after 12 september, every 30 min. among the 16,159 mosquitoes sampled, 11,052 were freshly blood-fed. most of the unfed females and a representative sample of those which had fed were identified as follows: culex pipiens, aedes caspius, a. vexans, culiseta annulata, anopheles ma ... | 1997 | 9363488 |
| the mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in the area of the middle course of the river someşul mare (romania): faunistical and ecological data. | the larval and adult mosquito populations in the locality salva and its surroundings on the middle course of the river someşul mare were investigated from march to october 1994. 17 mosquito species (11 as larvae and 13 as adults) were recorded: aedes cataphylla, aedes cantans aedes leucomelas, aedes dorsalis, aedes caspius, aedes vexans, aedes flavescens, aedes cinereus, aedes annulipes, aedes geniculatus, culex modestus, culex pipiens, culex territans, culiseta alaskaensis, anopheles maculipenn ... | 1998 | 9745338 |
| identification of six sibling species of the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae) by a polymerase chain reaction assay. | until the eradication of malaria from europe, members of the anopheles maculipennis complex had been the major vectors for plasmodial parasites. with the possible reintroduction of plasmodium species due to climate change and increased travel to and from countries where malaria is endemic, accurate identification of mosquito species will be essential for preventive studies. for this purpose, a diagnostic pcr system to differentiate between six of the seven a. maculipennis sibling species occurri ... | 1999 | 10494811 |
| re-emerging plasmodium vivax malaria in the republic of korea. | plasmodium vivax malaria, which was highly prevalent in the republic of korea, disappeared rapidly since 1970s. however, malaria re-emerged with the first occurrence of a patient in 1993 near the demilitarized zone (dmz), the border between south korea and north korea. thereafter, the number of cases increased exponentially year after year, totaling 6,142 cases (6,249 if united states army personnels were included) by the end of 1998. interestingly enough, the majority of cases (3,743; 61%) was ... | 1999 | 10507220 |
| phylogenetic relationships of seven palearctic members of the maculipennis complex inferred from its2 sequence analysis. | the sequences of the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) of ribosomal dna (rdna) were determined from seven palearctic mosquitoes species belonging to the anopheles maculipennis species complex, namely an. atroparvus, an. labranchiae, an. maculipennis, an. messeae, an. melanoon, an. sacharovi and an. martinius. the length of the its2 ranged from 280 to 300 bp, with a gc content of 49.4-54.1%. with the exception of an. messeae, negligible levels of intraspecific polymorphism and no intrapop ... | 1999 | 10634971 |
| complexities in the analysis of cryptic taxa within the genus anopheles. | grassi's discovery one hundred years ago brought to light the puzzle of anophelism without malaria in europe. with the discovery of the european anopheles maculipennis complex the puzzle was solved but the 'species problem' has not gone away. meaningful epidemiologic studies and effective vector control programs depend upon efficient methods for discriminating among the major vectors, lesser vectors and non-vectors of ubiquitous anopheline sibling species complexes. we now have a variety of tech ... | 1999 | 10697840 |
| the clay feet of the malaria giant and its african roots: hypotheses and inferences about origin, spread and control of plasmodium falciparum. | grassi's allegory of the fragile feet of clay of the malaria giant applies particularly to plasmodium falciparum marginal populations in temperate climates such as those that spread within the last three thousand years in the mediterranean area through their close association with non diapausing vectors of the anopheles maculipennis complex. the winter survival of the vector and the successful completion of the sporogonic cycle depended on the availability of the house environment to the mosquit ... | 1999 | 10697869 |
| [four species of mosquito as possible vectors for dirofilaria immitis piedmont rice-fields]. | wild mosquitoes were allowed to feed, during two nights, on a heartworm-infected dog with a very high microfilaraemia (72,000 and 78,000 microfilariae/ml just prior to be allocated in the live trap). a heartworm-free dog was used as control bait in the second night. engorged mosquitoes (aedes caspius, anopheles maculipennis s.l., culex modestus, and cx pipiens) were kept under laboratory conditions, artificially fed until day 10 post-infection (pi) and then dissected for the presence of dirofila ... | 1999 | 10870556 |
| [current malaria situation in the republic of uzbekistan]. | malaria was once one of the most common diseases in uzbekistan. there were massive epidemics with high mortality rates, wherein 140,000 to 700,000 cases of malaria were recorded. following large-scale malaria control measures, the disease was eradicated in uzbekistan in 1961 and the epidemiological situation is still favorable. the natural and climatic conditions that prevail in the republic of uzbekistan mean that the country is very susceptible to malaria. there are large water areas varying i ... | 2001 | 11548313 |
| [distribution ranges of malarial mosquitoes other than anopheles maculipennis species (diptera, culicidae) in russia]. | maps and distribution data for six species of the genus anopheles in russia are given. | 2001 | 11871254 |
| anopheles sacharovi (diptera: culicidae): a reemerging malaria vector in the ararat valley of armenia. | in 1994, the first indigenous case of malaria since the 1960s was reported in armenia, and the number of cases quickly increased in the ensuing years. in 1998, a roll-back malaria program was developed to eliminate the recently established foci of malaria infection and to prevent the reestablishment of malaria in armenia. as part of this program, we carried out entomological surveys to identify the potential malaria vectors in the ararat valley, the area where most of the indigenous malaria case ... | 2002 | 12061438 |
| a continental risk map for malaria mosquito (diptera: culicidae) vectors in europe. | although malaria was officially declared eradicated from europe in 1975, its former vectors, mainly members of the anopheles maculipennis (meigen) complex, are still distributed throughout the continent. the present situation of anophelism without malaria indicates that current socio-economic and environmental conditions maintain the basic case reproduction number, ro, below 1. recently, it has been speculated that predicted climate changes may increase anopheline abundance and biting rates (as ... | 2002 | 12144293 |
| ribosomal its2 sequence data for anopheles maculipennis and an. messeae in northern greece, with a critical assessment of previously published sequences. | dna sequences were generated for eight specimens of the anopheles maculipennis complex from florina in nw greece, and identified to species on the basis of comparison with its2 sequences for members of the complex already in genbank. the sequences revealed the presence of an. maculipennis and an. messeae in florina. problems with sequence reliability and accessibility of sequences generated in earlier studies of palaearctic members of the complex are discussed. | 2002 | 12144704 |
| distribution and dynamics of larval populations of anopheles messeae and a. atroparvus in the delta of the rivers rhine and meuse, the netherlands. | the distribution and ecology of mosquitoes of the anopheles maculipennis complex were studied in the delta of the rivers rhine and meuse in the southwest of the netherlands. the study area was previously malarious, with a. atroparvus being the only vector. 125 potential aquatic habitats of a. maculipennis were sampled, of which 47 (37.6%) contained larvae of this species complex. larval densities varied from 7.4-325.93 larvae m-2. there was no correlation between chlorinity (@1000) of the water ... | 2002 | 12164130 |
| [experimental transmission of myxomatosis into rabbits by anopheles maculipennis atroparvus and anopheles stephensi]. | | 1954 | 13229028 |
| transmission of plasmodium malariae by laboratory-bred anopheles maculipennis var. atroparvus meigen. | | 1955 | 13283514 |
| [ability of the anopheles maculipennis atroparvus to inoculate the rabbit with attenuated strains of the infectious myxoma virus]. | | 1957 | 13411677 |
| [biology of adults of anopheles maculipennis messeae in dombes]. | | 1963 | 14081709 |
| [the microclimate of the habitat of anopheles hyrcanus and anopheles maculipennis in rice fields]. | | 1963 | 14159830 |
| the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae) in iran: molecular characterization and recognition of a new species. | mosquitoes of the anopheles maculipennis complex were collected in nine provinces of iran (esfahan, fars, gilan, golestan, kohkiluyeh va boyerahmad, mazandaran, tehran, azarbaijan-e gharbi and zanjan) between june 1983 and september 2002. the nuclear rdna its2 sequences of 86 specimens were compared with those of seven species of the complex available in genbank. three genetically distinct species of the complex were distinguished: a. maculipennis meigen, a. sacharovi favre and a previously unre ... | 2003 | 14704099 |
| species composition and seasonal dynamics of mosquito larvae in the wrocław, poland area. | a total of 13,214 larvae specimens representing eight species (culex pipiens, culiseta annulata, ochlerotatus cantans, ochlerotatus communis, ochlerotatus excrucians, ochlerotatus sticticus, aedes vexans, and anopheles maculipennis) from twelve sampling places in the wrocław area in poland were collected between may and october, 1998-2000. the development rate of each mosquito species depended on hydrological types and various plant communities in water bodies. the water quality (temperature, ph ... | 2003 | 14714675 |
| [experiment in development of plasmodium berghei, vincke and lips in anopheles maculipennis (var. atroparvus)]. | | 1951 | 14847385 |
| [the development of plasmodium berghei in the atroparvus variant of anopheles maculipennis]. | | 1952 | 14953087 |
| [monitoring of the insecticidal resistance of main malaria vectors in uzbekistan]. | in the fergana valley, the sensitivity of anopheles maculipennis to ddt was moderate (82.5% death rates) and that to carbamate agents (bendiocarb, 43.5%, and propoxur, 13.0%) was decreased. there was its high sensitivity to pyrethroidal insecticides, such as deltamethrin, lambdacigalothrin, and cifluthrin (100% death rates). the population was moderately resistant to carbamates: bendiocarb and propoxur (69.3 and 77.2% death rates, respectively). in the piedmont and mountainous districts of the s ... | 2004 | 15042745 |
| a weather-driven model of malaria transmission. | climate is a major driving force behind malaria transmission and climate data are often used to account for the spatial, seasonal and interannual variation in malaria transmission. | 2004 | 15350206 |
| mosquitoes of the anopheles maculipennis group (diptera: culicidae) in romania, with the discovery and formal recognition of a new species based on molecular and morphological evidence. | mosquitoes of the anopheles maculipennis group were collected in five districts of romania (constant,a, giurgiu, ilfov, mehedint,i and suceava) between march 2000 and june 2003. two hundred and ninety-seven specimens were identified by molecular methods. nuclear rdna its2 sequences of 178 specimens were compared with genbank sequences for nine known palaearctic species of the group, and 119 specimens were identified using an its2 pcr-rflp assay developed during the study. five genetically distin ... | 2004 | 15541192 |
| molecular characterization of the anopheles maculipennis complex in the islamic republic of iran. | a diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay using species-specific primers and direct sequencing was used to identify members of the anopheles maculipennis complex in the north-west and central regions of the islamic republic of iran. specimens were collected from 9 provinces during 2 seasonal activities in 2001-2002, identified morphologically and subjected to pcr assay and direct sequencing. results showed that only 2 species, an. maculipennis meigen, and an. sacharovi faver, were prese ... | 2003 | 15748063 |
| potential transmission of west nile virus in the british isles: an ecological review of candidate mosquito bridge vectors. | west nile virus (wnv) transmitted by mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) infects various vertebrates, being pathogenic for birds, horses and humans. after its discovery in tropical africa, sporadic outbreaks of wnv occurred during recent decades in eurasia, but not the british isles. wnv reached new york in 1999 and spread to california by 2003, causing widespread outbreaks of west nile encephalitis across north america, transmitted by many species of mosquitoes, mainly culex spp. the periodic reapp ... | 2005 | 15752172 |
| endemic malaria: an 'indoor' disease in northern europe. historical data analysed. | endemic northern malaria reached 68 degrees n latitude in europe during the 19th century, where the summer mean temperature only irregularly exceeded 16 degrees c, the lower limit needed for sporogony of plasmodium vivax. because of the available historical material and little use of quinine, finland was suitable for an analysis of endemic malaria and temperature. | 2005 | 15847704 |
| entomopathogenic fungi for mosquito control: a review. | fungal diseases in insects are common and widespread and can decimate their populations in spectacular epizootics. virtually all insect orders are susceptible to fungal diseases, including dipterans. fungal pathogens such as lagenidium, coelomomyces and culicinomyces are known to affect mosquito populations, and have been studied extensively. there are, however, many other fungi that infect and kill mosquitoes at the larval and/or adult stage. the discovery, in 1977, of the selective mosquito-pa ... | 2004 | 15861235 |
| the its2 ribosomal dna of anopheles beklemishevi and further remarks on the phylogenetic relationships within the anopheles maculipennis group of species (diptera: culicidae). | anopheles beklemishevi specimens from russia were analysed by their its2 ribosomal dna sequence to amend and to specify the phylogenetic tree of the anopheles maculipennis species complex. surprisingly, with 638 base pairs, the its2 regions of all the 34 an beklemishevi specimens examined were considerably longer than those of all their sibling species. sequence alignment with genbank derived sequences of the other siblings was only possible in the beginning (for approx. 335 bp) and at the end ( ... | 2005 | 15986250 |
| plasmodium ovale: parasite and disease. | humans are infected by four recognized species of malaria parasites. the last of these to be recognized and described is plasmodium ovale. like the other malaria parasites of primates, this parasite is only transmitted via the bites of infected anopheles mosquitoes. the prepatent period in the human ranges from 12 to 20 days. some forms in the liver have delayed development, and relapse may occur after periods of up to 4 years after infection. the developmental cycle in the blood lasts approxima ... | 2005 | 16020691 |
| [the species composition of mosquitoes and ticks in armenia]. | comprehensive epidemiological, entomological, virological, and parasitological studies were conducted to examine the species composition and size of bloodsucking arthropoda (mosquitoes and ticks). a total of 64,567 mosquitoes and 45,180 ixodes ticks were collected. among the mosquitoes, anopheles maculipennis was a prevalent species (81.6%). in all climatic zones, dermacentor marginatus was the largest in number and most abundant during flag collections from cattle and plants (62.5% and 95.5%, r ... | 2006 | 16562747 |
| natural vectors of dirofilariasis in rural and urban areas of the tuscan region, central italy. | entomological investigations by means of dog- and human-baited traps were carried out in summers 2000-2002 in urban and rural areas of the tuscan region in central italy. the aim of the study was to define the mosquito species involved in the transmission of dirofilaria nematodes and to assess the risk that their presence might represent for animal and human health. nocturnal fieldwork on host-seeking activity and feeding preferences was followed by microscopic identification of the mosquito spe ... | 2006 | 16739418 |
| possible ecology and epidemiology of medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses in great britain. | nine different arboviruses are known to be transmitted by, or associated with, mosquitoes in europe, and several (west nile, sindbis and tahyna viruses) are reported to cause outbreaks of human disease. although there have been no reported human cases in great britain (gb), there have been no published in-depth serological surveys for evidence of human infection. this paper investigates the ecological and entomological factors that could influence or restrict transmission of these viruses in gb, ... | 2007 | 16893487 |
| horse-, bird-, and human-seeking behavior and seasonal abundance of mosquitoes in a west nile virus focus of southern france. | after 35 yr of disease absence, west nile virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, wnv) circulation has been regularly detected in the camargue region (southern france) since 2000. wnv was isolated from culex modestus ficalbi, which was considered the main vector in southern france after horse outbreaks in the 1960s. recent wnv transmissions outside of the cx. modestus distribution suggested the existence of other vectors. to study potential wnv vectors, horse- and bird-baited traps and hum ... | 2006 | 17017231 |
| molecular identification of palearctic members of anopheles maculipennis in northern iran. | members of anopheles maculipennis complex are effective malaria vectors in europe and the caspian sea region in northern iran, where malaria has been re-introduced since 1994. the current study has been designed in order to provide further evidence on the status of species composition and to identify more accurately the members of the maculipennis complex in northern iran. | 2007 | 17233887 |
| [note on anopheles maculipennis complex in morocco]. | anopheles belonging to anopheles maculipennis complex, collected from february to june 2002 in eight provinces of morocco (khouribga, taounate, alhouceima, chefchaouen, fes, khemisset, kalaa sraghna and benslimane), were identified with characterization of the ribosomal dna by pcr and its2 sequence analysis. the results of this study showed that all the identified specimens belong to the anopheles labranchiae species. | 2004 | 17304755 |
| biology and dynamics of potential malaria vectors in southern france. | malaria is a former endemic problem in the camargue, south east france, an area from where very few recent data concerning anopheles are available. a study was undertaken in 2005 to establish potential malaria vector biology and dynamics and evaluate the risk of malaria re-emergence. | 2007 | 17313664 |
| molecular characterization of the anopheles maculipennis complex during surveillance for the 2004 olympic games in athens. | specimens belonging to the anopheles maculipennis complex were collected as larvae or resting adults from may 2003 to november 2004 in the area of the athens 2004 olympic rowing centre in schinias, attiki, greece, and identified by morphological and molecular analyses. of the 201 specimens collected, 199 were found to be anopheles sacharovi favre and two were an. maculipennis meigen s.s. on the basis of similarity to published sequence data for the rdna internal transcribed spacer (its2) region ... | 2007 | 17373945 |
| bacteria of the genus asaia stably associate with anopheles stephensi, an asian malarial mosquito vector. | here, we show that an alpha-proteobacterium of the genus asaia is stably associated with larvae and adults of anopheles stephensi, an important mosquito vector of plasmodium vivax, a main malaria agent in asia. asaia bacteria dominate mosquito-associated microbiota, as shown by 16s rrna gene abundance, quantitative pcr, transmission electron microscopy and in situ-hybridization of 16s rrna genes. in adult mosquitoes, asaia sp. is present in high population density in the female gut and in the ma ... | 2007 | 17502606 |
| [mosquito complex (diptera, culicidae) in a west nile fever focus in the volgograd region. ii. host-feeding patterns of mosquitoes in different habitats]. | host preference of the mosquitoes collected in the urban and rural habitats of volgograd and its suburbs was studied by the precipitation reaction test. human and avian blood was detected in cx. pipiens, cx. modestus, ae. vexans, ae. behningi, ae. caspius, ae. sticticus, and females of the anopheles maculipennis. the proportion of the mosquitoes fed on birds was similar in the urban and rural biotopes whereas that of the mosquitoes feeding on humans was significantly higher in volgograd than in ... | 2007 | 17657957 |
| spatial and long term temporal distribution of the anopheles maculipennis complex species in italy. | | 2006 | 17688180 |
| how human practices have affected vector-borne diseases in the past: a study of malaria transmission in alpine valleys. | malaria was endemic in the rhône-alpes area of eastern france in the 19th century and life expectancy was particularly shortened in alpine valleys. this study was designed to determine how the disease affected people in the area and to identify the factors influencing malaria transmission. | 2007 | 17727700 |
| constant temperature and time period effects on anopheles gambiae egg hatching. | anopheles gambiae giles sensu stricto (diptera: culicidae) egg development and its relation to environmental parameters is an understudied aspect of vector biology. although several studies have illustrated the dramatic effects of temperature on egg development, egg hatching dynamics remain unclear. the objective of this study was to expose an. gambiae eggs to various temperatures for different lengths of time and determine the impact on egg development and hatching count. batches of mosquito eg ... | 2007 | 17847843 |
| progression of plasmodium berghei through anopheles stephensi is density-dependent. | it is well documented that the density of plasmodium in its vertebrate host modulates the physiological response induced; this in turn regulates parasite survival and transmission. it is less clear that parasite density in the mosquito regulates survival and transmission of this important pathogen. numerous studies have described conversion rates of plasmodium from one life stage to the next within the mosquito, yet few have considered that these rates might vary with parasite density. here we e ... | 2007 | 18166078 |
| [a complex of blood-sucking mosquitoes (diptera, culicidae) in the focus of west nile fever in the volgograd region. iii. species feeding on birds and man and the rhythms of their nocturnal activity]. | the rate and nocturnal rhythm of mosquito attacks of birds and human beings were studied in the open biotopes of volgograd and its vicinity in 2004. thirteen and 11 species of the subfamily culicinae were collected under the berezantsev bell and from the traps containing a chicken (a hen), respectively; of them 9 species were common. the mosquitoes of an anopheles maculipennis complex were caught in a small portion to the traps of both types. most species of aedes were highly anthropophilic, sho ... | 2007 | 18277420 |
| molecular genetics reveal that silvatic rhodnius prolixus do colonise rural houses. | rhodnius prolixus is the main vector of chagas disease in venezuela. here, domestic infestations of poor quality rural housing have persisted despite four decades of vector control. this is in contrast to the southern cone region of south america, where the main vector, triatoma infestans, has been eliminated over large areas. the repeated colonisation of houses by silvatic populations of r. prolixus potentially explains the control difficulties. however, controversy surrounds the existence of s ... | 2008 | 18382605 |
| potential mosquito vectors of arboviruses in portugal: species, distribution, abundance and west nile infection. | circulation of west nile virus in portugal was demonstrated by serological surveys, and the virus was isolated in 1969 from anopheles maculipennis s.l. a survey of the whole country was carried out (2001-2004) to assess the abundance of mosquito species and to screen them for arbovirus infection. a total of 770 collections yielded 32460 mosquitoes of 15 species. the regions with the highest abundance of mosquitoes were the coastal and estuarine districts of santarém, setúbal and faro. culex pipi ... | 2008 | 18455742 |
| phylogeography and genetic variation of triatoma dimidiata, the main chagas disease vector in central america, and its position within the genus triatoma. | among chagas disease triatomine vectors, the largest genus, triatoma, includes species of high public health interest. triatoma dimidiata, the main vector throughout central america and up to ecuador, presents extensive phenotypic, genotypic, and behavioral diversity in sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic habitats, and non-domiciliated populations acting as reinfestation sources. dna sequence analyses, phylogenetic reconstruction methods, and genetic variation approaches are combined to investig ... | 2008 | 18461141 |
| molecular characteristics of anopheles maculipennis meigen in zanjan, north west of iran, inferred from its2 sequence analysis. | the present study has been designed in order to verify the species composition within anopheles maculipennis complex in north west of iran. we determined ribosomal dna sequences of the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) region from samples of anopheles maculipennis complex in zanjan province. a total of 1536 specimens within the complex were tested by multiplex pcr, only an. maculipennis was found in this area. one clone out of four different individual mosquitoes of each field was genera ... | 2008 | 18817123 |
| history of malaria control in tajikistan and rapid malaria appraisal in an agro-ecological setting. | reported malaria cases in rice growing areas in western tajikistan were at the root of a rapid appraisal of the local malaria situation in a selected agro-ecological setting where only scarce information was available. the rapid appraisal was complemented by a review of the epidemiology and control of malaria in tajikistan and central asia from 1920 until today. following a resurgence in the 1990s, malaria transmission has been reduced considerably in tajikistan as a result of concerted efforts ... | 2008 | 18950536 |
| entomological investigations in the region of the last malaria focus in morocco. | to evaluate the risk of malaria transmission resumption in morocco, we have studied the current level of receptivity of the region of the last malaria focus in the country. anopheles (anopheles) maculipennis labranchiae and anopheles (cellia) sergentii, the major vectors of malaria in morocco, are still presents but their anthropopathic index was low and no parasite positive samples were detected. an. labranchiae was very rare; only 34 females were caught over all the study period. the human bit ... | 2009 | 18992211 |
| molecular characterization of antifolates resistance-associated genes, (dhfr and dhps) in plasmodium vivax isolates from the middle east. | in iran, co-infections of plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum are common and p. vivax infections are often exposed to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp). in the present study, the frequency distribution of mutations associated to sp resistance was investigated in pvdhfr and pvdhps genes from field isolates. | 2009 | 19175936 |
| malaria transmission in non-endemic areas: case report, review of the literature and implications for public health management. | in non-endemic areas, malaria is rare and locally acquired infections, particularly with plasmodium falciparum, are exceptional events. the diagnosis is, therefore, likely to be delayed or missed in patients without a relevant travel history. this report describes a case of falciparum malaria in berlin, germany, in a patient who had not been to an endemic area for more than a decade. potential routes of vector-related and direct transmission were evaluated, particularly with regard to a possible ... | 2009 | 19379496 |
| initial and residual activity of vectobac 12 as, vectobac wdg, and vectolex wdg for control of mosquitoes in ararat valley, turkey. | two formulations, vectobac 12 as and vectobac wdg, of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti) and one formulation, vectolex wdg, of bacillus sphaericus were tested against anopheles maculipennis, culex pipiens, culex theileri, aedes caspius, and aedes dorsalis larvae in drainage canals, a flooded plain, and a drainage well in the igdir plain of arafat valley, turkey. vectobac 12 as applied at 0.5 and 1 liter/ha to a drainage canal provided complete control of cx. theileri and 80% to 98% control ... | 2009 | 19432078 |
| a 2-year entomological study of potential malaria vectors in central italy. | europe was officially declared free from malaria in 1975; nevertheless, this disease remains a potential problem related to the presence of former vectors, belonging to the anopheles maculipennis complex. autochthonous-introduced malaria cases, recently reported in european countries, together with the predicted climatic and environmental changes, have increased the concern of health authorities over the possible resurgence of this disease in the mediterranean basin. in italy, to study the distr ... | 2009 | 19485768 |
| distribution and ecology of mosquitoes in a focus of dirofilariasis in northwestern iran, with the first finding of filarial larvae in naturally infected local mosquitoes. | a study of the distribution and ecology of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in ardebil province of northwestern iran, with special reference to the known dirofilariasis focus in meshkinshahr county, was carried out in july-august 2005 and april-october 2006. in total, 17,533 adult mosquitoes and 3090 third- and fourth-instar larvae were collected on 14 occasions and identified using morphological characters and dna sequence data. twenty species belonging to seven genera were found: anopheles clav ... | 2009 | 19493192 |
| analysis of von willebrand factor a domain-related protein (warp) polymorphism in temperate and tropical plasmodium vivax field isolates. | the identification of key molecules is crucial for designing transmission-blocking vaccines (tbvs), among those ookinete micronemal proteins are candidate as a general class of malaria transmission-blocking targets. here, the sequence analysis of an extra-cellular malaria protein expressed in ookinetes, named von willebrand factor a domain-related protein (warp), is reported in 91 plasmodium vivax isolates circulating in different regions of iran. | 2009 | 19549316 |
| molecular organization of heterochromatin in malaria mosquitoes of the anopheles maculipennis subgroup. | although heterochromatin makes up a significant portion of the malaria mosquito genome, its organization, function, and evolution are poorly understood. sibling species of the anopheles maculipennis subgroup, the european malaria mosquitoes, are characterized by striking differences in the morphology of pericentric heterochromatin; however, the molecular basis for the rapid evolutionary transformation of heterochromatin is not known. this study reports an initial survey of the molecular organiza ... | 2009 | 19664695 |
| distribution of 'promoter' sandflies associated with incidence of classic kaposi's sarcoma. | the patchy geographical distributions of classic kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8), better known as kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) remain unexplained. it has been proposed that certain species of bloodsucking insects ('promoter arthropods') promote the reactivation of hhv-8/kshv and facilitate both hhv-8/kshv transmission and ks development. this hypothesis was tested by sampling the presence and density of human-biting diptera with cdc light traps in two ... | 2009 | 19712152 |
| [genetic analysis of malaria mosquitoes of anopheles maculipennis (diptera, culicidae) complex from armenia]. | the results of morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic analyses of malaria mosquitoes from armenia have indicated that two representatives of the maculipennis complex, such as an. maculipennis s.s. and an. sacharovi, inhabit in the blotopes under study. the predominant species is an. maculipennis that is present in all the examined habitats. this species accounts for 15.5% of all the mosquitoes of the maculipennis complex. an. sacharovi has been found only in the ararat valley where it ... | 2009 | 19827512 |
| laboratory transmission of st. louis encephalitis virus by three genera of mosquitoes. | 1. st. louis virus has been successfully transmitted in the laboratory by the following 9 species of mosquitoes from 3 genera: culex tarsalis, culex pipiens, culex coronator, aedes lateralis, aedes taeniorhynchus, aedes vexans, aedes nigromaculis, theobaldia incidens, and theobaldia inornata. 2. though transmission has not been demonstrated, survival of the virus for more than a few days was shown to occur in culex quinquefasciatus, culex stigmatosoma, psorophora ciliata, and anopheles maculipen ... | 1943 | 19871325 |
| laboratory transmission of western equine encephalomyelitis virus by mosquitoes of the genera culex and culiseta. | 1. western equine virus has been successfully transmitted in the laboratory by 3 species of mosquitoes from 2 genera not previously reported as laboratory vectors: culex tarsalis, culiseta inornata, and culiseta incidens. 2. though transmission was not demonstrated, survival of the virus for more than a few days was shown to occur in culex stigmatosoma and psorophora confinnis. possibly transmission occurred by the former. 3. in experiments with culex tarsalis, infection of the mosquitoes occurr ... | 1943 | 19871339 |
| reconstructing an epistemological itinerary: environmental theories of variation in roubaud's experiments on glossina flies and anopheles, 1900-1938. | this paper addresses the theories and debates concerning the influence of environment on vectors and species variation. in particular, it focuses on theories about how climate and domesticated animals affected vectors that transmitted sleeping sickness and malaria. emile roubaud (1882-1962), a pasteurian entomologist, worked on the adaptation and variation of glossina fly races in order to elaborate environmental interventions for sleeping sickness campaigns in africa. he then developed the theo ... | 2008 | 20055235 |
| canine and feline vector-borne diseases in italy: current situation and perspectives. | in italy, dogs and cats are at risk of becoming infected by different vector-borne pathogens, including protozoa, bacteria, and helminths. ticks, fleas, phlebotomine sand flies, and mosquitoes are recognized vectors of pathogens affecting cats and dogs, some of which (e.g., anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi, dipylidium caninum, leishmania infantum, dirofilaria immitis, and dirofilaria repens) are of zoonotic concern. recent studies have highlighted the potential of fleas as vectors ... | 2010 | 20145730 |