| reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase activity in membranes and cytoplasm of acholeplasma laidlawii and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the properties of the membrane-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nadh) oxidase of acholeplasma laidlawii were compared with those of the corresponding cytoplasmic activity of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. the striking differences in ph optima, susceptibility to inhibitors and detergents, and heat inactivation between the nadh oxidase activity, with oxygen as an electron acceptor, and the nadh oxidoreductase activity, with dichlorophenol indophenol (dcpip) as an alternate elect ... | 1976 | 11208 |
| immunoprecipitation of triton x-100-solubilized mycoplasma mycoides proteins. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (pg1 and strain y) proteins were solubilized in triton x-100, and the antigenic proteins were precipitated from this complex mixture by addition of antiserum and then separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. of the 300 proteins solubilized, about 10 were precipitated. proteins of pg1, a slow-growing, small colony (sc) strain, were precipitated by antiserum to pg1 and by antiserum to strain y, a fast-growing, large colony (lc) strain. similarly, strain ... | 1979 | 93614 |
| antibody response of horses to mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri. | in horses given whole cultures or cells of mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri (by subcutaneous and intravenous injections), antibody responses were measured by serologic procedures. during an immunization period of 22 weeks, horses produced an antiserum that was used to identify m mycoides subsp capri by agglutination, complement-fixation, and fluorescent antibody (fa) tests, but not by the growth-inhibition test. horses that were injected with whole cultures of m mycoides subsp capri responded bet ... | 1978 | 104644 |
| the isolation and identification of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri from goats in australia. | | 1977 | 332141 |
| localization of a phosphoglycolipid in mycoplasma membranes using specific anti-lipid-antibodies. | a phosphoglycolipid, presumably identical to glyceryl-phosphoryldiglycosyl diglyceride, is the main component of the membrane glycolipids of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. it is immunologically active. anti-phosphoglycolipid antibodies were induced in rabbits by intravenous injection of the flocculated complexes of methylated bovine serum albumin with a mixture of the phosphoglycolipid and the auxiliary lipids, phosphatidyl-choline and cholesterol. the specificities of the antibodies directed ... | 1977 | 337735 |
| mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma agalactiae isolation from goats in the united states: a review including unpublished findings. | | 1978 | 377299 |
| effect of the lipid composition of mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri and phosphatidylcholine vesicles upon the action of polyene antibiotics. | (1) the effects of filipin and amphotericin methyl ester upon the k+ efflux from mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and egg lecithin sonicated vesicles were investigated. both the nature of the sterol and the composition of the membranes affected the sensitivity to each polyene antibiotic. (2) m. mycoides subsp. capri containing ergosterol was much more sensitive to amphotericin methyl ester than cells containing cholesterol. cholesterol-containing cells were about twice as sensitive to filipin as ... | 1976 | 776229 |
| ultrastructural visualization of anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes by polycationic ferritin. | anionic sites on mycoplasma membranes were visualized in the electron microscope by a polycationized ferritin derivative. the technique of thin sectioning was used. staining prior to fixation led to clustering of ferritin granules on the mycoplasma cell surface. on glutaraldehyde-fixed mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, m. gallisepticum, m. pneumoniae, and acholeplasma laidlawii, the anionic sites were uniformly distributed over the entire membrane surface. m. hominis did not bind the polycationi ... | 1976 | 776936 |
| modification of the membrane composition of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri by the growth medium. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri was grown in different media. the amounts of the lipids in these media were varied, resulting in altered lipid compositions of the cells. lowering the amounts of cholesterol in the media resulted in less cholesterol incorporation into the cell lipid, with a concomitant decrease in the amount of phospholipid. the changes in the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio in the mycoplasmas were very small compared with the large changes in the amounts of cholesterol which occu ... | 1975 | 1097587 |
| antagonism by sterols of the action of amphotericin and filipin on the release of potassium ions from candida albicans and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | | 1975 | 1100776 |
| rapid photometric assay of growth of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | a new spectrophotometric technique for evaluation of early growth in liquid culture of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri has been developed. as turbidity does not appear until after incubation to 18 h the method utilizes the change in absorbance of the medium at 550 nm to monitor growth. the change in absorbance of the medium (which contains phenol red) occurs when the ph changes due to microbial growth. for measurement of growth at later stages when turbidity is proportional to number of colony ... | 1989 | 2666376 |
| [dna-dependent rna-polymerase of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri pg 3]. | | 1988 | 3074253 |
| ion diffusion potentials across mycoplasma membranes determined by a novel method using a carbocyanine dye. | the influence of transmembrane ion fluxes on mycoplasma membrane potentials was studied. electric membrane potential was calibrated vs fluorescence intensity of a potential-sensitive carbocyanine dye according to delta psi = (rt/f) x log([ain(1 - in) - b]/kint), where in = i/i0, i0 = maximal fluorescence intensity (obtained for delta psi----infinity), and a and b are constants. fluorescence intensity was calibrated vs membrane potential by inducing a k+ diffusion potential. the calibration proce ... | 1986 | 3947080 |
| the relationship of a caprine mycoplasma to pg3, the type strain of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | | 1974 | 4206696 |
| ribosomal rna genes in mycoplasma. | using southern blotting analysis with labelled mycoplasmal ribosomal rna as probe, two fragments (1 kb and 5 kb) were detected in an ecor i digest of mycoplasma capricolum dna. this analysis revealed that the 5 kb fragment carries both 16s rrna sequences and the entire 23s rrna gene of this mycoplasma. the 1 kb fragment contains 16s rrna sequences only. the 5 kb ecor i fragment has been cloned and used to characterize the structure of rrna cistrons in various mycoplasma strains. these experiment ... | 1982 | 6289267 |
| a novel method for the determination of electrical potentials across cellular membranes. ii. membrane potentials of acholeplasmas, mycoplasmas, streptococci and erythrocytes. | the membrane potentials of acholeplasma laidlawii, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, mycoplasma gallisepticum, streptococcus faecalis and human erythrocytes have been determined by applying a novel technique. the membrane potentials were calculated simply from potassium concentrations determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and gravimetry. the versatility of the new technique is demonstrated by comparing our results with data obtained by different techniques. | 1980 | 6773575 |
| a pathological and immunohistochemical study of caprine pleuropneumonia induced by subspecies of mycoplasma mycoides. | in a population of 700 goats, 150 died; of these, 29 were necropsied. ten of the 29 goats had pleuropneumonia. mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony) (mmmlc), mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc), and pasteurella multocida were isolated from five of the pleuropneumonic goats. gross and microscopical lesions were typical of caprine pleuropneumonia (cpp), with bronchopneumonia, fibrinopurulent or fibrinonecrotic pleuropneumonia and dilatation of the interlobular septa and pleura. imm ... | 1996 | 8814532 |
| a pathological and immunohistochemical study of goat kids undergoing septicaemic disease caused by mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony type). | this paper studies the pathological and immunohistochemical findings in 12 kids experimentally infected with mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (mcc), m. mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) and m. mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony type), (mmmlc). for the demonstration of mcc, mmc and mmmlc antigens an immunoperoxidase technique based on the labelled streptavidin biotin method was used in the 12 kids inoculated with mycoplasmas and the three control kids inoculated with mycoplasma medium. all 1 ... | 1998 | 9588108 |
| genetic and serological analysis of lipoprotein lppa in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the genes encoding the 62-kda lipoproteins from the mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides large-colony type (lc) strain y-goat and the m. mycoides subsp. capri strain pg3 were cloned and analyzed by sequencing. these two lipoproteins have been named lppa[mmymylc] and lppa[mmyca], and their corresponding genes have been named lppa[mmymylc] and lppa[mmyca], respectively. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of these two lipoproteins showed a very high degree of similarity between these tw ... | 1999 | 10066658 |
| rapid detection of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia by a mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides sc capsular polysaccharide-specific antigen detection latex agglutination test. | a latex agglutination test (lat) has been developed for the diagnosis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (cbpp). the latex microspheres were coated with mmmsc polyclonal immunoglobulin g antiserum and detected mmmsc antigen in the serum of cattle infected with cbpp and in growth medium containing mmmsc. the specific antigen recognized by this test appeared to be the capsular polysaccharide (cps). the lat recognized all 23 strains of mmmsc examined in this study, with a sensitivity level of 2 n ... | 2003 | 12626448 |
| infection of two goatherds with mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in hungary, evidence of a possible faecal excretion. | during epidemic outbreaks in two goatherds clinical symptoms and deaths occurred in five (14%) of the 3-week-old goat kids in farm a, and in six (33%) of those in farm b. in the latter farm, three female goats aborted before the clinical symptoms in the kids emerged. mycoplasma could be isolated from both healthy and sick goat kids and from female goats, which had diseased kids or had aborted. three goat kids (one from herd a and two from herd b) were sent for post-mortem examination. in all the ... | 2003 | 12916690 |
| mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri associated with goat respiratory disease and high flock mortality. | a high mortality outbreak of respiratory mycoplasmosis occurred in goats in mexico. the clinicopathologic presentation resembled contagious caprine pleuropneumonia caused by mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae. by using a battery of polymerase chain reaction assays, the mycoplasma associated with this outbreak was identified as mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | 2006 | 16642877 |
| mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc can be grouped into a single subspecies. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc can be combined into one taxon on the basis of several contributions on both dna sequence and protein analyses reported in the literature. moreover, for the differentiation and identification of mycoplasmas of the "mycoides cluster", we investigated the rpob gene, encoding the beta-subunit of the rna polymerase. a segment of 527 bp of the rpob gene was amplified from 31 strains of ruminant mycoplasmas by pcr. the nucleot ... | 2006 | 16973118 |
| experimental infection of goats with an unusual strain of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri isolated in jordan. | goats were infected experimentally with a mycoplasma (the "irbid" strain) isolated previously from a goat with contagious agalactia in northern jordan. the strain was unusual in that, although it had been identified by molecular methods as mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc/mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, it showed no inhibition of growth by any of the hyperimmune rabbit antisera conventionally used to speciate members of the mycoplasma mycoides cluster. animals were infected either intrat ... | 2009 | 19446837 |
| kinetics of substrate oxidation and hydrogen peroxide production by mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony (lc) type and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony (lc) type is a pathogen of goats causing contagious agalactia and respiratory disease, found on all continents where small ruminants are kept. it shares close genetic characteristics with m. mycoides subsp. capri. substrate oxidation by 22 strains of m. mycoides subsp. mycoides lc from nine countries was compared with that of eight strains of m. mycoides subsp. capri from five countries. there was considerable similarity in the substrates used, bu ... | 2009 | 19457526 |
| mycoplasma leachii sp. nov. as a new species designation for mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 of leach, and reclassification of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides lc as a serovar of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the mycoplasma mycoides cluster consists of six pathogenic mycoplasmas causing disease in ruminants, which share many genotypic and phenotypic traits. the m. mycoides cluster comprises five recognized taxa: mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (mmmsc), m. mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony (mmmlc), m. mycoides subsp. capri (mmc), mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (mcc) and m. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (mccp). the group of strains known as mycoplasma sp. bovine group ... | 2009 | 19502315 |
| comparison of culture and pcr to detect mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in ear swabs taken from goats. | this study was designed to evaluate the validity of pcr for the direct detection of mycoplasma (m.) agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc), as the two species most frequently causing contagious agalactia (ca) in goats. the pcr method was compared with the traditional culture technique to determine which method was most efficient at identifying all auricular carriers present in herds. the samples analyzed were 307 ear swabs taken from goats reared in a ca endemic area. we assessed ... | 2010 | 19619962 |
| latent infection of male goats with mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri at an artificial insemination centre. | contagious agalactia affects goats and is caused by several species of mycoplasma including mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc). male goats, latently infected with m. agalactiae and mmc, were identified at a dairy goat breeding artificial insemination centre. in three samplings, conducted over 1 year, ear swabs were assessed for both of the above organisms using culture and pcr techniques. serological examination for antibodies against these organisms was performed a ... | 2010 | 19665400 |
| viability of mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in goat milk samples stored under different conditions. | control programs for contagious agalactia (ca) involve monitoring milk samples to detect this disease. this study was designed to establish the effects of the preservatives generally used in dairy laboratories and storage temperature on the viability of mycoplasma (m.) agalactiae (ma) and m. mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) in goat milk samples. in total, 1440 determinations were conducted for each mycoplasma species in milk samples subjected to different storage temperatures (refrigeration at 4°c or ... | 2010 | 20413227 |
| experimental infection of goats with an unusual strain of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri isolated in jordan: comparison of different diagnostic methods. | ten goats were experimentally infected with a mycoplasma identified by biomolecular methods as mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, strain irbid which was isolated from goats in an outbreak of contagious agalactia in north jordan and defined as 'unusual', due to its serological characteristics. two groups of goats infected by the endotracheal route and by aerosol, respectively, were placed in contact with a third group of naive animals. six weeks after infection, some animals from both the infected ... | 2010 | 20560128 |
| enhancement of targeted homologous recombination in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri by inclusion of heterologous reca. | a suicide plasmid, pexp1-ctpa::tetm-recaec, employing reca from escherichia coli and tetm as a selection marker, was used to generate ctpa knockout mutants in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri through targeted gene disruption. inclusion of e. coli reca greatly enhanced both the consistency and the recovery of mutants generated by homologous recombination. | 2010 | 20802067 |
| characterization of mycoplasma isolated from an ibex (capra ibex) suffering from keratoconjunctivitis in northern italy. | in 2005 a mycoplasma species was isolated from ocular-conjunctival swabs from an adult male alpine ibex (capra ibex) from the valle d'aosta region, northern italy. the animal suffered from bilateral ocular discharge with diffuse inflammation, severe corneal involvement of the left eye and mild corneal opacity of the right eye. histologic examination revealed a keratoconjunctivitis characterized by lymphocytic and plasmacellular infiltration. laboratory investigations of the isolate included cult ... | 2010 | 20966258 |
| presence of contagious agalactia causing mycoplasmas in spanish goat artificial insemination centres. | male goats admitted to artificial insemination centres come from herds that have shown no clinical symptoms of contagious agalactia (ca) for the last 6 mo. however, prior reports suggest that this control measure may not be completely effective. this study was designed to detect the presence of ca-causing mycoplasmas in 9 spanish centres, comprising 159 goats (147 males and 12 teaser does) of 8 different breeds. a microbiological study was conducted during 8 mo on 448 samples (318 ear swabs, 119 ... | 2011 | 21220162 |
| mycoplasma mycoides, from "mycoides small colony" to "capri". a microevolutionary perspective. | the mycoplasma mycoides cluster consists of five species or subspecies that are ruminant pathogens. one subspecies, mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (mmmsc), is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. its very close relative, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc), is a more ubiquitous pathogen in small ruminants causing mastitis, arthritis, keratitis, pneumonia and septicaemia and is also found as saprophyte in the ear canal. to understand the genetics unde ... | 2011 | 21324191 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of anaplasma ovis. | anaplasma ovis is an intraerythrocytic rickettsial pathogen of small ruminants. loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is a nucleic acid detection method in which the target dna can be efficiently amplified with high specificity and sensitivity under isothermal conditions. in this study, a lamp method was developed for the specific detection of a. ovis, using lamp primers designed on the basis of the major surface protein 4 gene. lamp was performed at 65°c for 30 min. its specificity was ... | 2011 | 21471346 |
| controlling contagious agalactia in artificial insemination centers for goats and detection of mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri in semen. | many goat artificial insemination (ai) centers in spain have adopted new measures to control contagious agalactia (ca). to avoid the introduction of male goats carrying mycoplasma organisms subclinically in their external ear canal (auricular carriers) in these centers, two ear swabs and a blood sample are obtained from all candidate animals for polymerase chain reaction (pcr), culture (swabs) and serologic tests to detect the presence of mycoplasmas. in addition, the semen produced at these cen ... | 2011 | 22115814 |
| disruption of the s41 peptidase gene in mycoplasma mycoides capri impacts proteome profile, h(2)o(2) production, and sensitivity to heat shock. | members of the mycoplasma mycoides cluster are among the most virulent of the mycoplasmas, causing worldwide economically significant diseases of cattle and goats. a distinguishing phenotype among the members of the cluster is the ability to degrade casein. the mmcap2_0241 gene, an s41 peptidase, confers the proteolytic phenotype in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri gm12. in order to determine the impact of disruption of the gene, we used differential proteome profiling to compare the m. mycoides ... | 2012 | 23300541 |
| in vitro efficacy of antimicrobial extracts against the atypical ruminant pathogen mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | mycoplasmosis is a common infection in human and veterinary medicine, and is associated with chronic inflammation and high morbidity. mycoplasma species are often intrinsically resistant to many conventional antimicrobial therapies, and the resistance patterns of pathogenic mycoplasmas to commonly used medicinal (antimicrobial) plant extracts are currently unknown. | 2012 | 23031072 |
| development of real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in china. | universal primers and probes were selected on the basis of the 16s rrna gene sequence of borrelia burgdorferi in genbank®, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method for detection of b. burgdorferi was established. the results showed that this method could specifically detect the b31 strain (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto), the bo23 strain (borrelia afzelii), and the sz strain (borrelia garinii), without cross-reaction with genome dna of theileria (t. luwenshuni, t. uilenbergi, t ... | 2012 | 22448677 |
| development and application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed to detect borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks, which is a pathogen that causes lyme disease. cross-reactions with chlamydia psittaci, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and some tick-borne pathogens were excluded. analytical sensitivity of lamp showed its detection limit was from 0.02 to 0.2 pg of dna in detection of the reference samples at 65°c for 40 min. the performance of lamp was assessed by testing 110 samples from suscepti ... | 2013 | 22587441 |
| development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for specific and rapid detection of differential goat pox virus and sheep pox virus. | capripox viruses are economically important pathogens in goat and sheep producing areas of the world, with specific focus on goat pox virus (gtpv), sheep pox virus (sppv) and the lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). clinically, sheep pox and goat pox have the same symptoms and cannot be distinguished serologically. this presents a real need for a rapid, inexpensive, and easy to operate and maintain genotyping tool to facilitate accurate disease diagnosis and surveillance for better management of cap ... | 2014 | 24438089 |
| molecular cloning and immune response analysis of putative variable lipoproteins from mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri is the cause of goat "makeps" (mastitis, arthritis, keratoconjunctivitis, pneumonia, septicemia) syndrome. we identified three genes (gl_ 000459; 000461; 000462) as variable lipoprotein genes in the m. mycoides subsp capri str. pg3 genome by genomic information and comparative genomic analyses. to study the role of variable lipoproteins in m. mycoides subsp capri pathogenesis and evaluate the immunogenic and protective potentials of those proteins, we constructed ... | 2014 | 24668627 |
| survival capacity of mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri in the diluted semen of goat bucks and their effects on sperm quality. | this study examines the viability of mycoplasma agalactiae (ma) and mycoplasma mycoides subsp capri (mmc) during 150 minutes of incubation at 37 °c in contaminated diluted semen (ds) doses. the effects of the presence of both microorganisms on sperm viability, motility, and morphology were also examined. in a second experiment, the viability of ma and its effects on sperm viability were determined in ejaculate samples and skimmed milk semen extender samples. ma and mmc were able to survive in ds ... | 2015 | 25543157 |
| contagious agalactia due to mycoplasma spp. in small dairy ruminants: epidemiology and prospects for diagnosis and control. | contagious agalactia (ca) is a serious disease of small dairy ruminants that has a substantial economic impact on the goat and sheep milk industries. the main aetiological agent of the disease is mycoplasma agalactiae, although other species, such as mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum and mycoplasma putrefaciens, are pathogenic in goats. there are two clinical-epidemiological states of ca in sheep and goats; herds and flocks may exhibit outbreaks of ca or m ... | 2013 | 23759248 |
| survival of mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri in heat treated goat colostrum. | the viability of mycoplasma agalactiae and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) was assessed in goat colostrum treated at different temperatures. samples of colostrum were inoculated with reference strains of m. agalactiae (pg2) and mmc (pg3) and heated at 56°c or 60°c for 0, 30, 60, 90 or 120 min. viable colonies of m. agalactiae were recovered after all treatments and there was a significant reduction in the concentration of viable m. agalactiae after 30 min at 56°c and 60°c. no viable colon ... | 2013 | 23154071 |
| anatomic location of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma agalactiae in naturally infected goat male auricular carriers. | this study sought to determine whether male goat auricular carriers of mycoplasmas known to cause contagious agalactia could harbour these microorganisms at anatomical sites other than the ears. a microbiological study was conducted in 6 naturally infected bucks that had been diagnosed as chronic auricular asymptomatic carriers of mycoplasma (m.) mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) more than one year previously. to detect mycoplasmas, cultures and pcr were performed on 46 samples taken from each goat fr ... | 2012 | 22284907 |
| selected ethno-medicinal plants from kenya with in vitro activity against major african livestock pathogens belonging to the "mycoplasma mycoides cluster". | members of 'mycoplasma mycoides cluster' are important ruminant pathogens in africa. diseases caused by these mycoplasma negatively affect the agricultural sector especially in developing countries through losses in livestock productivity, mortality and international trade restrictions. there is therefore urgent need to develop antimicrobials from alternative sources such as medicinal plants to curb these diseases. in kenya, smallholder farmers belonging to the maasai, kuria and luo rely on trad ... | 2016 | 27649681 |
| impact of donor-recipient phylogenetic distance on bacterial genome transplantation. | genome transplantation (gt) allows the installation of purified chromosomes into recipient cells, causing the resulting organisms to adopt the genotype and the phenotype conferred by the donor cells. this key process remains a bottleneck in synthetic biology, especially for genome engineering strategies of intractable and economically important microbial species. so far, this process has only been reported using two closely related bacteria, mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) and mycoplasma ... | 2016 | 27488189 |
| discrimination between mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum using pcr-rflp and pcr. | in this study, the dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (lpda) gene was used to distinguish mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) from mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (mcc), two of four mycoplasma species that cause contagious agalactia in sheep and goats. after alignment of nucleotide sequences of both species, specific primer sets were designed from unchanging and variable gene segments. the first primer set lpd-c1-f/lpd-c1-r was used to amplify a 911 bp fragment that was subsequently co-diges ... | 2015 | 26088269 |
| the origin of the 'mycoplasma mycoides cluster' coincides with domestication of ruminants. | the 'mycoplasma mycoides cluster' comprises the ruminant pathogens mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (cbpp), mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae the agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (ccpp), mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, mycoplasma leachii and mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. cbpp and ccpp are major livestock diseases and impact the agricultural sector especially in developing countries through reduced food ... | 2012 | 22558362 |
| in vitro assessment of the antimicrobial susceptibility of caprine isolates of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum mycoplasmacidal concentration (mmc) of 17 antimicrobials against 41 spanish caprine isolates of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) obtained from different specimens (milk, external auricular canal and semen) were determined using a liquid microdilution method. for half of the isolates, the mic was also estimated for seven of the antimicrobials using an epsilometric test (et), in order to compare both methods and assess the validity of et ... | 2016 | 27387734 |
| multilocus sequence typing of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri to assess its genetic variability in a contagious agalactia endemic area. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) is one of the main causative agents of caprine contagious agalactia. besides, the absence of accurate control methods eases its dispersion between different herds within endemic areas of this disease. in this context, there is a need to implement molecular typing schemes which offer valuable information useful to establish control measures and enables the surveillance of this pathogen. the aim of this study was to assess the genetic variability of different ... | 2016 | 27374908 |
| galactofuranose in mycoplasma mycoides is important for membrane integrity and conceals adhesins but does not contribute to serum resistance. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) and subsp. mycoides (mmm) are important ruminant pathogens worldwide causing diseases such as pleuropneumonia, mastitis and septicaemia. they express galactofuranose residues on their surface, but their role in pathogenesis has not yet been determined. the m. mycoides genomes contain up to several copies of the glf gene, which encodes an enzyme catalysing the last step in the synthesis of galactofuranose. we generated a deletion of the glf gene in a strain ... | 2016 | 26354009 |
| mechanisms involved in quinolone resistance in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri is a causative agent of contagious agalactia in goats. in this study, m. mycoides subsp. capri mutants were selected for resistance to fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) by serial passes in broth with increasing concentrations of antibiotic. mutations conferring cross-resistance to the three fluoroquinolones were found in the quinolone resistance determining regions of the four genes encoding dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv. different ... | 2015 | 25951987 |
| cyto-adherence of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides to bovine lung epithelial cells. | mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (mmm) is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (cbpp), a respiratory disease of cattle, whereas the closely related mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (mmc) is a goat pathogen. cyto-adherence is a crucial step in host colonization by mycoplasmas and subsequent pathogenesis. the aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between mmm and mammalian host cells by establishing a cyto-adherence flow cytometric assay and comparing tissue a ... | 2015 | 25881067 |
| proteomic approach for identification of immunogenic proteins of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | in this study, an immunoproteomic approach was used to identify immunodominant proteins from mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri isolates. membrane proteins, extracted through tx-114 phase partitioning, were separated using mono- and two-dimensional electrophoresis and detected by western blotting with pooled sera from naturally infected goats. a total of 27 immunoreactive spots, corresponding to 13 different proteins, were identified using nanolc-esi-msms. function annotation revealed that most of ... | 2013 | 24090811 |
| a type iii restriction-modification system in mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. | the sequenced genome of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri revealed the presence of a type iii restriction-modification system (mmyci). the methyltransferase (modification) subunit of mmyci (m.mmyci) was shown to recognize the sequence 5'-tgag-3' and methylate the adenine. the coding region of the methyltransferase gene contains 12 consecutive ag dinucleotide repeats that result in a translational termination at a taa codon immediately beyond the repeat region. this strain does not have mmyci acti ... | 2012 | 23155485 |
| one test microbial diagnostic microarray for identification of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides and other mycoplasma species. | the present study describes the use of microarray technology for rapid identification and differentiation of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides from other mycoplasmas that may be pathogenic to ruminants, including those of the mycoplasma mycoides cluster, genetically and antigenically strictly correlated with mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. a microarray containing genetic sequences of 55 different bacterial species from acholeplasma, mycoplasma, spiroplasma and ureaplasma genera was constr ... | 2012 | 22271459 |