| specific inhibition by cyclodextrins of raw starch digestion by fungal glucoamylase. | alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins (cds) completely inhibited raw starch digestion by glucoamylase i (ga i, mw 90,000) from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi, and inhibited by 85% the raw starch adsorption of ga i at the cd concentrations of 1-5 mm. cds at 1-5 mm did not inhibit gelatinized starch hydrolysis by ga i, but at the concentration of 50 mm, they inhibited such hydrolysis slightly. ga i was specifically adsorbed onto cd-sepharose 6b, but glucoamylase i' (ga i', mw 73,000), which doe ... | 1992 | 1368209 |
| cloning and sequencing of the xyna gene encoding xylanase a of aspergillus kawachii. | we have cloned the xyna gene coding for xylanase a, a major component of the xylanase family, from aspergillus kawachii. the cdna was isolated from an a. kawachii cdna library by immunoscreening using antibody raised against the purified xylanase a protein. nucleotide sequence analysis of the cdna showed a 981-bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 327 amino acid residues. the signal peptide was composed of 25 amino acid residues and the n-terminus of the mature protein was pyroglutamic ... | 1992 | 1368254 |
| promotive and inhibitory effects of raw starch adsorbable fragments from pancreatic alpha-amylase on enzymatic digestions of raw starch. | the enzymatically inactive but raw-starch-adsorbable peptide fragments designated as gp-pan p and gp-pan i were obtained from a tryptic digest of heat-inactivated hog pancreatic alpha-amylase. these two glycopeptide fragments were purified with sephadex g-75, deae-sephadex a-50, and hplc and were found to be homogeneous on disc gel electrophoresis. gp-pan p and i had molecular weights of 20,000 and 30,000 with sds-page, carbohydrate contents of 10% and 7%, n-terminal amino acids gly-trp and ala- ... | 1991 | 1368657 |
| cloning and sequencing of the xync gene encoding acid xylanase of aspergillus kawachii. | | 1992 | 1368843 |
| functional analysis of the threonine- and serine-rich gp-i domain of glucoamylase i from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi. | glucoamylase i (gai) from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi hydrolyzes raw starch efficiently and is composed of three functional domains: the amino-terminal catalytic gai' domain (a-1 to v-469), the threonine- and serine-rich o-glycosylated gp-i domain (a-470 to v-514), and the carboxy-terminal raw starch-binding cp domain (a-515 to r-615). in order to investigate the role of the gp-i domain, an additional repeat of gp-i and internal deletions of the entire gp-i sequence or parts of the gp-i seq ... | 1995 | 7487021 |
| cloning and sequencing of cellulase cdna from aspergillus kawachii and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the cdna encoding the endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (carboxymethylcellulase; cmcase-i) from aspergillus kawachii ifo 4308 was cloned. nucleotide-sequence analysis of the cloned cdna insert showed a 717-bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 239 amino-acid residues. the predicted amino-acid sequence of the mature protein had considerable homology with the protein sequence of the fi-cmcase of aspergillus aculeatus. the cdna was introduced into saccharomyces cerevisiae. the expressed enzyme had ... | 1995 | 7586029 |
| role of the carbohydrate moiety of a glucoamylase from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi in the digestion of raw starch. | the digestion of raw starch by a glucoamylase (ga mu-h) from a mutant strain of aspergillus awamori var. kawachi was closely correlated with mannoside chains o-linked to the gp-i region (a470-v514), but not sugar chains n-linked to catalytic gai' domain of ga mu-h. the partial replacement of mannose residues by glucose residues led to a significant decrease raw starch digestion. by the substitution of d2o for h2o in the reaction mixture, the raw starch digestion of ga mu-h decreased to 80% of th ... | 1995 | 7765970 |
| analysis of the raw starch-binding domain by mutation of a glucoamylase from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | carboxy-terminal deletions were introduced into the raw starch-binding domain (a-515 to r-615) encoded by the gene for glucoamylase i (gai) from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi. genes coding for proteins designated ga596 (a-1 to e-596), ga570 (a-1 to a-570), and ga559 (a-1 to n-559) were constructed and resulted in truncated proteins. all of the mutant genes were expressed heterologously in saccharomyces cerevisiae. ga596 adsorbed to raw starch and digested it. ga570 and ga559 did not adsorb to ... | 1994 | 7993082 |
| cloning and expression of an aspergillus kawachii endo-1,4-beta-xylanase gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | first-strand cdna was prepared from mrna isolated from aspergillus kawachii ifo4308 and the beta-xylanase gene (xync) amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique. this gene was inserted between the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk1) gene promoter (pgk1p) and terminator (pgk1t) sequences. the pgk1p-xync-pgk1t construct (designated xyn3) was cloned into a multicopy episomal plasmid and the xyn3 gene was expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. functional beta-xylanase (xyn3) w ... | 1995 | 8575021 |
| expression and functional analysis of a hyperglycosylated glucoamylase in a parental host, aspergillus awamori var. kawachi. | a modified glucoamylase gene (glaa) with an extra thr- and ser-rich gp-i domain (t. semimaru, m. goto, k. furukawa, and s. hayashida, appl. environ. microbiol. 61:2885-2890, 1995) was introduced into a mutant parental host, aspergillus awamori var. kawachi, in which the original glaa gene had been completely deleted and replaced with the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene. the modified glaa was successfully expressed and secreted. the modified glucoamylase possessed higher digestibility of raw c ... | 1997 | 9212440 |
| purification and characterization of extracellular and cell wall bound beta-glucosidases from aspergillus kawachii. | we isolated two extracellular beta-glucosidases (ex-1: 145 kda, ex-2: 130 kda) and one cell wall bound beta-glucosidase (cb-1: 120 kda) from aspergillus kawachii and characterized their physical and kinetic properties. from the results of n-terminal amino acid sequence, enzymatic parameters and deglycosylation of the three purified enzymes, we strongly suggest that these three enzymes were products of the same gene, modified by different degree of glycosylation. all three purified beta-glucosida ... | 1998 | 9836430 |
| repression of the expression of genes encoding xylanolytic enzymes in aspergillus oryzae by introduction of multiple copies of the xynf1 promoter. | a xylanase gene, xynf1, was cloned and characterized from a shoyu koji mould aspergillus oryzae kbn616. the xynf1 gene was found to be comprised of 1484 bp with ten introns. the deduced amino acid sequence encodes a protein consisting of 327 amino acids (35,402 da) which is very similar to the fungal family f xylanases such as aspergillus nidulans xlnc, aspergillus kawachii xyna and penicillium chrysogenum xylp. the intron/exon organization of xynf1 is very similar to that of the fungal family f ... | 1998 | 9866173 |
| crystallographic and mutational analyses of an extremely acidophilic and acid-stable xylanase: biased distribution of acidic residues and importance of asp37 for catalysis at low ph. | xylanase c from aspergillus kawachii has an optimum ph of 2.0 and is stable at ph 1.0. the crystal structure of xylanase c was determined at 2.0 a resolution (r-factor = 19.4%). the overall structure was similar to those of other family 11 xylanases. asp37 and an acid-base catalyst, glu170, are located at a hydrogen-bonding distance (2.8 a), as in other xylanases with low ph optima. asp37 of xylanase c was replaced with asparagine and other residues by site-directed mutagenesis. analyses of the ... | 1998 | 9930661 |
| functional analysis of o-linked oligosaccharides in threonine/serine-rich region of aspergillus glucoamylase by expression in mannosyltransferase-disruptants of yeast. | the glaa gene encoding glucoamylase i (gai) of aspergillus awamori var. kawachi was heterologously expressed in mannosyltransferase mutants of saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which the pmt1 gene and the kre2 gene were disrupted. the gai enzymes expressed in these yeast mutant cells exhibited a lesser extent of o-glycosylation. secretion of gai expressed in the pmt1-disruptant and in the kre2-disruptant, respectively, was almost the same as that of gai expressed in wild type (wt) strains. the number ... | 1999 | 10102986 |
| module-intron correlation and intron sliding in family f/10 xylanase genes. | xylanases are classified into two families, numbered f/10 and g/11 according to the similarity of amino acid sequences of their catalytic domain (henrissat, b., bairoch, a., 1993. new families in the classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities. biochem. j. 293, 781-788). three-dimensional structure of the catalytic domain of the family f/10 xylanase was reported (white, a., withers, s.g., gilkes, n.r., rose, d.r., 1994. crystal structure of the catalytic domai ... | 1999 | 10570988 |
| the bgla gene of aspergillus kawachii encodes both extracellular and cell wall-bound beta-glucosidases. | we cloned the genomic dna and cdna of bgla, which encodes beta-glucosidase in aspergillus kawachii, based on a partial amino acid sequence of purified cell wall-bound beta-glucosidase cb-1. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned bgla gene revealed a 2,933-bp open reading frame with six introns that encodes an 860-amino-acid protein. based on the deduced amino acid sequence, we concluded that the bgla gene encodes cell wall-bound beta-glucosidase cb-1. the amino acid sequence exhibited high levels ... | 1999 | 10584016 |
| engineering of polyploid saccharomyces cerevisiae for secretion of large amounts of fungal glucoamylase. | we engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae cells that produce large amounts of fungal glucoamylase (gai) from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi. to do this, we used the delta-sequence-mediated integration vector system and the heat-induced endomitotic diploidization method. delta-sequence-mediated integration is known to occur mainly in a particular chromosome, and the copy number of the integration is variable. in order to construct transformants carrying the gai gene on several chromosomes, haploid ... | 2002 | 12406766 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of endoglucanase genes from an industrial fungus, aspergillus kawachii. | three endoglucanase genes (cel5a, cel5b, and cel61a) were cloned from an industrial fungus, aspergillus kawachii. yeasts transformed with these cdnas showed endoglucanase activity in medium. cel5a and cel61a contained a type 1 cellulose-binding domain (cbd1) at the c-terminus of the enzyme. the putative catalytic regions of cel5a and cel5b showed homology with various endoglucanases belonging glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (gh5). cel5b showed high homology with cel5a in catalytic region, but it lac ... | 2003 | 14519993 |
| a novel tannase from aspergillus niger with beta-glucosidase activity. | an extracellular tannase was produced from solid-state cultures of aspergillus niger. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free culture broth by preparative isoelectric focusing and by fplc using anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. sds-page analysis as well as gel localization studies of purified tannase indicated the presence of two enzyme forms, with molecular masses of 90 kda and 180 kda. the tannase had an isoelectric point of 3.8, a temperature optimum of 60-70 ... | 2003 | 14523126 |
| mode of alpha-amylase production by the shochu koji mold aspergillus kawachii. | aspergillus kawachii produces two kinds of alpha-amylase, one is an acid-unstable alpha-amylase and the other is an acid-stable alpha-amylase. because the quality of the shochu depends strongly on the activities of the alpha-amylases, the culture conditions under which these alpha-amylases are produced were examined. in liquid culture, acid-unstable alpha-amylase was produced abundantly, but, acid-stable alpha-amylase was not produced. the acid-unstable alpha-amylase was produced significantly w ... | 2003 | 14586108 |
| acidophilic adaptation of family 11 endo-beta-1,4-xylanases: modeling and mutational analysis. | xyl1 from streptomyces sp. s38 belongs to the low molecular mass family 11 of endo-beta-1,4-xylanases. its three-dimensional structure has been solved at 2.0 a and its optimum temperature and ph for enzymatic activity are 60 degrees c and 6.0, respectively. aspergillus kawachii xylanase xync belongs to the same family but is an acidophilic enzyme with an optimum ph of 2.0. structural comparison of xyl1 and xync showed differences in residues surrounding the two glutamic acid side chains involved ... | 2004 | 15096627 |
| purification and partial characterization of an acidic polygalacturonase from aspergillus kawachii. | an endo-polygalacturonase, named pgi, was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of aspergillus kawachii ifo 4033 grown in a glucose-tryptone medium. the molecular mass of pgi was estimated to be 60 kda by sds-page and 40 kda by gel filtration on sephacryl s-100. the isoelectric point was 3.55 as determined by isoelectic focusing. pgi exhibited binding properties to cona-sepharose suggesting that the protein is glycosylated. the n-terminal amino acid sequence was also determined as s- ... | 2004 | 15099902 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase b from aspergillus kawachii. | alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (ec 3.2.1.55) is one of the hemicellulases that cleave the glycosidic bonds between l-arabinofuranoside side chains and various oligosaccharides. in this study, the first crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase b from aspergillus kawachii ifo4308 (akabfb), a family 54 glycoside hydrolase, is described. recombinant akabfb was expressed in escherichia coli and pichia pastoris. the native crystals of recombinant akabfb produced by p. ... | 2004 | 15213394 |
| crystal structure of a family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase reveals a novel carbohydrate-binding module that can bind arabinose. | as the first known structures of a glycoside hydrolase family 54 (gh54) enzyme, we determined the crystal structures of free and arabinose-complex forms of aspergillus kawachii ifo4308 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (akabfb). akabfb comprises two domains: a catalytic domain and an arabinose-binding domain (abd). the catalytic domain has a beta-sandwich fold similar to those of clan-b glycoside hydrolases. abd has a beta-trefoil fold similar to that of carbohydrate-binding module (cbm) family 13. ho ... | 2004 | 15292273 |
| construction of cellobiose-growing and fermenting saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. | beta-glucosidase genes of fungal origins were isolated and heterologously expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae to enable growth on the disaccharide, cellobiose. to promote secretion of the beta-glucosidases, the genes were fused to the secretion signal of the trichoderma reesei xyn2 gene and constitutively expressed from a multi-copy yeast expression vector under transcriptional control of the s. cerevisiae pgk1 promoter and terminator. the resulting recombinant enzymes were characterized with ... | 2005 | 16084620 |
| aspergillus kawachii produces an acidic pectin releasing enzyme activity. | a pectin-releasing (protopectinase, ppase) activity was found in a culture filtrate of aspergillus kawachii ifo 4308. ppase activity was highest in the ph range of 2.0-2.5 and it was highly stable at 50 degrees c (85% of residual activity was found after a 10-h incubation in citrate-phosphate buffer, ph 3.0). among other different enzyme activities, which are usually involved in plant cell-wall degradation, only polygalacturonase activity was detected. this result suggests that the ppase activit ... | 1999 | 16232572 |
| extracellular soluble polysaccharide (esp) from aspergillus kawachii improves the stability of extracellular beta-gluocosidases (ex-1 and ex-2) and is involved in their localization. | aspergillus kawachii produces two extracellular beta-glucosidases (ex-1 and ex-2) and one cell-wall-bound beta-glucosidase (cb-1), all of which are derived from the same bgla gene. extracellular beta-glucosidases (ex-1 and ex-2) are stable in the crude solution form, but become unstable in the purified form under moderate conditions (ph 5.0 and 37 degrees c). purified extracellular beta-glucosidases can bind to a mycelial cell wall fraction, even though these enzymes are released into the medium ... | 2001 | 16232964 |
| molecular breeding of aspergillus kawachii overproducing cellulase and its application to brewing barley shochu. | in order to improve fermentation of barley without addition of commercial cellulase, a white koji mold, aspergillus kawachii ifo4308, was transformed with the egl1 gene encoding endoglucanase i (egi) of trichoderma viride and the endogenous ceka gene encoding endoglucanase (ceka). transformants with egl1 under the control of the strong glaa promoter produced egi in both submerged and solid-state cultures. however, the egi produced in solid-state culture was unstable due to the acidic condition o ... | 2002 | 16233218 |
| recent studies of protein secretion by filamentous fungi. | filamentous fungi have been widely exploited for the homologous and heterologous protein production, because of the high capacity of their protein secretion machinery. however, the production of heterologous proteins is often limited while the production of homologous proteins can be very high. various researches have reported the methods for overcoming this problem and some techniques, such as the fusion gene system, improve the production of heterologous proteins. recently, the molecular biolo ... | 2002 | 16233346 |
| role of two alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases in arabinoxylan degradation and characteristics of the encoding genes from shochu koji molds, aspergillus kawachii and aspergillus awamori. | two different alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases from aspergillus kawachii were purified and characterized. the two enzymes acted synergically with xylanase in the degradation of arabinoxylan and resulted in an increase in the amount of ferulic acid release by feruloyl esterase. both enzymes were acidophilic and acid stable enzymes which had an optimum ph of 4.0 and were stable at ph 3.0-7.0. the general properties of the enzymes including ph optima and ph stability were similar to those of aspergillu ... | 2003 | 16233515 |
| isolation and sequencing of a new glucoamylase gene from an aspergillus niger aggregate strain (dsm 823) molecularly classified as aspergillus tubingensis. | based on morphological characteristics the taxa included in the aspergillus aggregate can hardly be differentiated. for that reason the phylogeny of this genus was revised several times as different criteria, from morphological to later molecular, were used. we found, comparing nucleotide sequences of the its-region, that the strain aspergillus niger (dsm 823) which is claimed to be identical to the strains atcc 10577, imi 027809, nctc 7193 and nrrl 2322 can be molecularly classified as aspergil ... | 2005 | 16284933 |
| a lichenase-like family 12 endo-(1-->4)-beta-glucanase from aspergillus japonicus: study of the substrate specificity and mode of action on beta-glucans in comparison with other glycoside hydrolases. | using anion-exchange chromatography on source 15q followed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on source 15 isopropyl, a lichenase-like endo-(1-->4)-beta-glucanase (bg, 28kda, pi4.1) was isolated from a culture filtrate of aspergillus japonicus. the enzyme was highly active against barley beta-glucan and lichenan (263 and 267 u/mg protein) and had much lower activity toward carboxymethylcellulose (3.9 u/mg). the mode of action of the bg on barley beta-glucan and lichenan was studied in com ... | 2006 | 16343463 |
| production and characteristics of raw starch-digesting glucoamylase o from a protease-negative, glycosidase-negative aspergillus awamori var. kawachi mutant. | production of a raw starch-digesting glucoamylase o (ga o) by protease-negative, glycosidase-negative mutant strain hf-15 of aspergillus awamori var. kawachi was undertaken under submerged culture conditions. the purified ga o was electrophoretically homogeneous and similar to the parent glucoamylase i (ga i) in the hydrolysis curves toward gelatinized potato starch, raw starch, and glycogen and in its thermostability and ph stability, but it was different in molecular weight and carbohydrate co ... | 1983 | 16346254 |
| production and characteristics of raw starch-digesting glucoamylase o from a protease-negative, glycosidase-negative aspergillus awamori var. kawachi mutant. | [this corrects the article on p. 906 in vol. 45.]. | 1983 | 16346379 |
| one-step concentration and partial purification of aspergillus kawachii non-acidic polygalacturonases by adsorption to glass fiber microfilters. | the non-acidic polygalacturonases produced by aspergillus kawachii in a glucose/tryptone medium were adsorbed to a glass fiber microfilter that was used to clarify the fermentation broth. maximum adsorption occurred at ph 3 under low ionic strength conditions. the adsorbed activity could be readily released with a buffer solution at ph 5. based upon these observations, a separation process was developed which enabled the broth to be clarified and, at the same time, the non-acidic polygalacturona ... | 2006 | 16555006 |
| mutational analysis of n-glycosylation recognition sites on the biochemical properties of aspergillus kawachii alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase 54. | a role for n-linked oligosaccharides on the biochemical properties of recombinant alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase 54 (akabf54) defined in glycoside hydrolase family 54 from aspergillus kawachii expressed in pichia pastoris was analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis. two n-linked glycosylation motifs (asn(83)-thr-thr and asn(202)-ser-thr) were found in the akabf54 sequence. akabf54 comprises two domains, a catalytic domain and an arabinose-binding domain classified as carbohydrate-binding module 42. t ... | 2006 | 16784813 |
| the family 42 carbohydrate-binding module of family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase specifically binds the arabinofuranose side chain of hemicellulose. | alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase catalyses the hydrolysis of the alpha-1,2-, alpha-1,3-, and alpha-1,5-l-arabinofuranosidic bonds in l-arabinose-containing hemicelluloses such as arabinoxylan. akabf54 (the glycoside hydrolase family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from aspergillus kawachii) consists of two domains, a catalytic and an arabinose-binding domain. the latter has been named akcbm42 [family 42 cbm (carbohydrate-binding module) of akabf54] because homologous domains are classified into cbm fa ... | 2006 | 16846393 |
| mutagenesis and mechanistic study of a glycoside hydrolase family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from trichoderma koningii. | a gh (glycoside hydrolase) family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from trichoderma koningii g-39 (termed abf) was successfully expressed in pichia pastoris and purified to near homogeneity by cation-exchange chromatography. to determine the amino acid residues essential for the catalytic activity of abf, extensive mutagenesis of 24 conserved glutamate and aspartate residues was performed. among the mutants, d221n, e223q and d299n were found to decrease catalytic activity significantly. the kcat v ... | 2007 | 17002602 |
| simultaneous production of glucoamylase and acid-stable alpha-amylase using novel submerged culture of aspergillus kawachii nbrc4308. | we developed a novel submerged culture system of aspergillus kawachii nbrc4308 using barley whose surface is completely or partly covered with husk. the culture supernatant showed a glucoamylase activity of 150.8 u/ml and an acid-stable alpha-amylase activity of 7.7 u/ml brought about by the maintenance of a low glucose concentration in the culture system. | 2007 | 17368406 |
| stimulatory effect of ferulic acid on the production of extracellular xylanolytic enzymes by aspergillus kawachii. | production of extracellular beta-1,4-xylanase, alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase, feruloyl esterase, and acetyl xylan esterase from aspergillus kawachii was higher in a culture supplemented with ferulic acid than in a counterpart. culture supernatant grown on oat spelt xylan supplemented with ferulic acid exhibited an increase in ferulic acid-releasing activity from insoluble arabinoxylan relative as compared to that from the ferulic acid-free culture. | 2007 | 17617704 |
| characterization of a family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from aureobasidium pullulans. | a glycosyl hydrolase family 54 (gh54) alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase gene (abfa) of aureobasidium pullulans was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from genomic dna and a 498-amino-acid open reading frame deduced from the dna sequence. modeling of the highly conserved a. pullulans abfa protein sequence on the crystal structure of aspergillus kawachii akabfb showed that the catalytic amino acid arrangement and overall structure were highly similar including the n-terminal catalytic and c-terminal ... | 2008 | 17955189 |
| prediction and rationalization of the ph dependence of the activity and stability of family 11 xylanases. | this paper presents a study of the ph dependence of the activity and stability of a set of family 11 xylanases for which x-ray structures are available, using the propka approach. the xylanases are traditionally divided into basic and acidic xylanases, depending on whether the catalytic acid is hydrogen bonded to an asn or asp residue. using x-ray structures, the predicted ph values of optimal activity of the basic xylanases are in the range of 5.2-6.9, which is in reasonable agreement with the ... | 2007 | 17960918 |
| biochemical characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family 61 endoglucanase from aspergillus kawachii. | the glycoside hydrolase family 61 endoglucanase from aspergillus kawachii (akcel61) is a modular enzyme that consists of a catalytic domain and a carbohydrate-binding module belonging to family 1 (cbm1) that are connected by a ser-thr linker region longer than 100 amino acids. we expressed the recombinant akcel61, wild-type enzyme (rakcel61), and a truncated enzyme consisting of the catalytic domain (rakcel61deltacbm) in pichia pastoris and analyzed their biochemical properties. purified rakcel6 ... | 2008 | 18071646 |
| continuous production of high-glucose syrup by chitin-immobilized amylase. | a simple method of preparing a chitin-immobilized alpha-amylase and glucoamylase from the protease- and glycosidase-less mutant hf-15 of aspergillus awamori var. kawachi was developed and used for the production of high-glucose syrup. the glucoamylase was tightly bound onto chitin without the aid of a crosslinking agent because the enzyme contained a specific binding site for chitin. continuous production of high glucose concentrate from a highly concentrated alpha-amylasetreated gelatinized sta ... | 1983 | 18551543 |
| characterization of an alpha-l-rhamnosidase from aspergillus kawachii and its gene. | an alpha-l-rhamnosidase was purified by fractionating a culture filtrate of aspergillus kawachii grown on l-rhamnose as the sole carbon source. the alpha-l-rhamnosidase had a molecular mass of 90 kda and a high degree of n-glycosylation of approximately 22%. the enzyme exhibited optimal activity at ph 4.0 and temperature of 50 degrees c. further, it was observed to be thermostable, and it retained more than 80% of its original activity following incubation at 60 degrees c for 1 h. its t (50) val ... | 2008 | 18633609 |
| purification, characterization, and partial primary sequence of a major-maltotriose-producing alpha-amylase, scamy43, from sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | a novel alpha-amylase (alpha-1,4-alpha-d-glucan glucanohydrolase, e.c. 3.2.1.1), scamy43, was found in the culture medium of the phytopathogenic fungus sclerotinia sclerotiorum grown on oats flour. purified to homogeneity, scamy43 appeared as a 43 kda monomeric enzyme, as estimated by sds-page and superdex 75 gel filtration. the maldi peptide mass fingerprint of scamy43 tryptic digest as well as internal sequence analyses indicate that the enzyme has an original primary structure when compared w ... | 2008 | 18852512 |
| substrate specificities of glycosidases from aspergillus species pectinase preparations on elderberry anthocyanins. | attractive color is one of the most important sensory characteristics of fruit and berry products, and elderberry juice is widely used as natural colorant. when pectinase preparations were used in the production of elderberry juice for clarification, a concomitant decrease of anthocyanins and thus a color loss were observed. this paper demonstrates that this is due to side glycosidase activities contained in commercial pectinase preparations from aspergillus sp. using lc-ms, sequential deglycosy ... | 2009 | 19191672 |
| characterization of a chimeric enzyme comprising feruloyl esterase and family 42 carbohydrate-binding module. | we engineered a chimeric enzyme (awfaea-cbm42) comprising of type-a feruloyl esterase from aspergillus awamori (awfaea) and family 42 carbohydrate-binding module (akcbm42) from glycoside hydrolase family 54 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase of aspergillus kawachii. the chimeric enzyme was successfully produced in pichia pastoris and accumulated in the culture broth. the purified chimeric enzyme had an apparent relative molecular mass (m(r)) of 53,000. the chimeric enzyme binds to arabinoxylan; this in ... | 2010 | 19756576 |
| analysis of enzyme production by submerged culture of aspergillus oryzae using whole barley. | we have reported on high enzyme production by submerged culture of aspergillus kawachii using barley with the husk (whole barley). to elucidate the mechanism underlying this high enzyme production, we performed a detailed analysis. aspergillus oryzae rib40 was submerged-cultured using whole barley and milled whole barley. enzyme production was analyzed in terms of changes in medium components and gene expression levels. when whole barley was used, high production of glucoamylase and alpha-amylas ... | 2009 | 19809198 |
| coexpression of α-l-arabinofuranosidase and β-glucosidase in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | monoterpenes are important aroma compounds in grape varieties such as muscat, gewürztraminer and riesling, and are present as either odourless, glycosidically bound complexes or free aromatic monoterpenes. commercial enzymes can be used to release the monoterpenes, but they commonly consist of crude extracts that often have unwanted and unpredictable side-effects on wine aroma. this project aims to address these problems by the expression and secretion of the aspergillus awamoriα-l-arabinofurano ... | 2010 | 21062416 |
| gc-ms based metabolite profiling of rice koji fermentation by various fungi. | in this study, aspergillus kawachii, aspergillus oryzae, and rhizopus sp., were utilized for rice koji fermentation, and the metabolites were analyzed in a time-dependent manner by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. on principal component analysis, the metabolite patterns were clearly distinguished based on the fungi species. this approach revealed that the quantities of glucose, galactose, and glycerol gradually increased as a function of fermentation time in all trials rice koji fermentatio ... | 2010 | 21071848 |
| production of heterologous polygalacturonase i from aspergillus kawachii in saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch and fed-batch cultures. | the pg1 gene from the filamentous fungus aspergillus kawachii, which codifies for an acid polygalacturonase, was cloned into the pyes2 expression vector, giving rise to the pyes2:pg1δi construct. engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae, transformed with pyes2:pg1δi construct, both expressed and exported an active polygalacturonase with a mw of ~60 kda and an isoelectric point of 3.7, similar to those reported for the wild-type enzyme. the recombinant enzyme has the ability to hydrolyze polygalacturo ... | 2010 | 21188612 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a novel xylanase gene, auxyn10a, from aspergillus usamii. | a full-length cdna sequence, encoding a novel endo-1,4-β-d: -xylanase (auxyn10a) of aspergillus usamii, was obtained by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) methods and cloned into the pucm-t vector, followed by dna sequencing. the cdna gene, designated as auxyn10a, is 1,235 bp in length harboring 5'- and 3'-non-encoding regions, as well as an orf of 984 bp that encodes a 19-aa signal peptide, a 6-aa propeptide and a 302-aa mature peptide with a calculated mw of 32,756 da. the auxyn10a ... | 2011 | 21234787 |
| indigestible dextrin stimulates glucoamylase production in submerged culture of aspergillus kawachii. | submerged batch cultures of aspergillus kawachii grown on indigestible dextrin were investigated for potential improvements in glucoamylase (ga) production. in flask culture, specific ga productivities per dry weight biomass using dextrin and indigestible dextrin were 11.0 and 56.1 mu/mg-dw, respectively. indigestible dextrin was a poor substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis. rates of glucose formation from dextrin and indigestible dextrin by enzymatic hydrolysis were 0.477 and 0.100 mg-glucose/ml/h ... | 2011 | 21618143 |
| molecular biological researches of kuro-koji molds, their classification and safety. | to assess the position of kuro-koji molds in black aspergillus, we performed sequence analysis of approximately 2500 nucleotides of partial gene fragments, such as histone 3, on a total of 57 aspergillus strains, including aspergillus kawachii nbrc 4308, 12 kuro-koji molds isolated from awamori breweries in japan, aspergillus niger atcc 1015, and a. tubingensis atcc10550. sequence results showed that all black aspergillus strains could be classified into 3 types, type n which includes a. niger a ... | 2011 | 21641278 |
| hepatoprotective effects on alcoholic liver disease of fermented silkworms with bacillus subtilis and aspergillus kawachii. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of bacillus subtilis fermented silkworm powder (bfsp) and aspergillus kawachii fermented silkworms powder (afsp) on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in sprague-dawley rats. alcohol-feeding rats were fed with diets containing silkworm powder (sp) or both bfsp and afsp at the 5% (w/w) levels for 4 weeks. alcohol administration resulted in a significant increase in the activities of liver marker enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (as ... | 2011 | 21838591 |
| genome sequence of the white koji mold aspergillus kawachii ifo 4308, used for brewing the japanese distilled spirit shochu. | the filamentous fungus aspergillus kawachii has traditionally been used for brewing the japanese distilled spirit shochu. a. kawachii characteristically hyperproduces citric acid and a variety of polysaccharide glycoside hydrolases. here the genome sequence of a. kawachii ifo 4308 was determined and annotated. analysis of the sequence may provide insight into the properties of this fungus that make it superior for use in shochu production, leading to the further development of a. kawachii for in ... | 2011 | 22045919 |
| Production of multiple extracellular enzyme activities by novel submerged culture of Aspergillus kawachii for ethanol production from raw cassava flour. | Cassava is a starch-containing root crop that is widely used as a raw material in a variety of industrial applications, most recently in the production of fuel ethanol. In the present study, ethanol production from raw (uncooked) cassava flour by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using a preparation consisting of multiple enzyme activities from Aspergillus kawachii FS005 was investigated. The multi-activity preparation was obtained from a novel submerged fermentation broth of ... | 2011 | 22072435 |
| glucosylceramide contained in koji mold-cultured cereal confers membrane and flavor modification and stress tolerance to saccharomyces cerevisiae during coculture fermentation. | in nature, different microorganisms create communities through their physiochemical and metabolic interactions. many fermenting microbes, such as yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria, secrete acidic substances and grow faster at acidic ph values. however, on the surface of cereals, the ph is neutral to alkaline. therefore, in order to grow on cereals, microbes must adapt to the alkaline environment at the initial stage of colonization; such adaptations are also crucial for indu ... | 2015 | 25795678 |
| taxonomic re-evaluation of black koji molds. | black koji molds including its albino mutant, the white koji mold, have been widely used for making the distilled spirit shochu in northeast asia because they produce citric acid which prevents undesirable contamination from bacteria. since inui reported aspergillus luchuensis from black koji in okinawa in 1901, many fungal names associated with black koji molds were reported. however, some species are similar and differentiation between species is difficult. fungal taxonomists tried to arrange ... | 2014 | 24281756 |
| the mechanism of binding of glucoamylase i from aspergillus awamori var. kawachi to cyclodextrins and raw starch. | glucoamylase i (gai) bound to β-cyclodextrin (β-cd) with the binding constants of kd = 17.7 μm and n = 1.69. binding resulted in formation of an inclusion complex, as indicated by the fact that organic guest compounds for β-cd inhibited the binding of gai to β-cd. titration of gai (a(1)-r(615)) with β-cd or amylose a showed critical spectral perturbations at 286 nm that reflected the aromatic side chains of tyr and trp, but no spectral changes were observed in gai' (a(1)-v(469)) and gp-i (a(470) ... | 1994 | 27315704 |
| residue mutations of xylanase in aspergillus kawachii alter its optimum ph. | aspergillus kawachii and aspergillus niger have been traditionally used as molds for commercial microbial fermentation because of their capability to grow in extremely acidic environments and produce acid-stable enzymes. endo-1,4-β-xylanase cleaves the glycosidic bonds in the xylan backbone, consequently reducing the degree of polymerization of the substrate. the amino acid sequences of xylanases from a. kawachii and a. niger only differ in one amino acid residue. however, the xylanases from a. ... | 2016 | 26686608 |
| structural determination of glucosylceramides in the distillation remnants of shochu, the japanese traditional liquor, and its production by aspergillus kawachii. | shochu is traditional japanese liquor produced from various crops and fungi aspergillus kawachi or a. awamorii . the amount of unutilized shochu distillation remnants is increasing because of the recent prohibition of ocean dumping of these remnants. in this article, we first describe the structures of glucosylceramides contained in shochu distillation remnants by fragment ion analysis using esi-tandem mass spectrometry. shochu distillation remnant produced from barley contained glucosylceramide ... | 2012 | 23145483 |
| fermentation enhances the in vitro antioxidative effect of onion (allium cepa) via an increase in quercetin content. | yellow onion (allium cepa) extract showed enhanced antioxidative effects in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (teac) and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and acetyl ester (cm-h(2)dcfda) assay after being treated with a crude enzyme extract from soybean paste fungi, aspergillus kawachii. hplc analysis showed two increased and two decreased peaks after enzyme treatment. the decreased peaks were identified as quercetin-3,4' ... | 2012 | 22504089 |
| crystal structure of a β-fructofuranosidase with high transfructosylation activity from aspergillus kawachii. | β-fructofuranosidases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family (gh) 32 are enzymes that hydrolyze sucrose. some gh32 enzymes also catalyze transfructosylation to produce fructooligosaccharides. we found that aspergillus kawachii ifo 4308 β-fructofuranosidase (akffase) produces fructooligosaccharides, mainly 1-kestose, from sucrose. we determined the crystal structure of akffase. akffase is composed of an n-terminal small component, a β-propeller catalytic domain, an α-helical linker, and a c-term ... | 2017 | 28715279 |
| fermented citrus reticulata (ponkan) fruit squeezed draff that contains a large amount of 4'-demethylnobiletin prevents mk801-induced memory impairment. | a previous study reported biotransformation of a citrus peel polymethoxyflavone, nobiletin, by aspergillus enabling production of 4'-demethylnobiletin, and the product's antimutagenic activity. however, the effects of fermented citrus peel on the basal forebrain-hippocampal system remain unidentified. citrus reticulata (ponkan) fruit squeezed draffs are generated as mass waste in beverage factories. in this study using pc12d cells and cultured central nervous system neurons, we therefore examine ... | 2017 | 28488113 |
| enhanced anti-oxidative effect of fermented korean mistletoe is originated from an increase in the contents of caffeic acid and lyoniresinol. | viscum album var. coloratum (korean mistletoe; km) is an herbal medicine that is used worldwide for the treatment of various immunological disorders and cancers. km extract showed enhanced anti-oxidative effects in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester assays after being fermented with a crude enzyme extract from a soybean paste fungus, aspergillus kawachii. high-performance liquid ... | 2016 | 27072079 |
| transcriptomic analysis of temperature responses of aspergillus kawachii during barley koji production. | the koji mold aspergillus kawachii is used for making the japanese distilled spirit shochu. during shochu production, a. kawachii is grown in solid-state culture (koji) on steamed grains, such as rice or barley, to convert the grain starch to glucose and produce citric acid. during this process, the cultivation temperature of a. kawachii is gradually increased to 40 °c and is then lowered to 30 °c. this temperature modulation is important for stimulating amylase activity and the accumulation of ... | 2015 | 25501485 |
| construction of a ligd disruptant for efficient gene targeting in white koji mold, aspergillus kawachii. | | 2013 | 23863297 |
| purification and properties of acid stable xylanases from aspergillus kawachii. | five extracellular endo-xylanases were recognized in the culture broth of shochu koji mold (aspergillus kawachii, ifo 4308), and three major xylanases (xyla, xylb, and xylc) were purified and characterized. the molecular masses of xyla, xylb, and xylc were 35,000, 26,000, and 29,000, and isoelectric points were ph 6.7, 4.4, and 3.5, respectively. amino acid compositions and other properties were studied and these three xylanases were found to be greatly different in their properties. these three ... | 1992 | 27280644 |