| increase of immunoglobulin t concentration in ponies as a response to experimental infection with the nematode strongylus vulgaris. | | 1978 | 75703 |
| critical tests of suspension, paste, and pellet formulations of cambendazole in the horse. | three formulations of cambendazole were evaluated for anthelmintic activity by critical testing method in 21 horses. cambendazole suspension was administered via stomach tube at the dose rate of 10 mg/kg to 3 horses and at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg to 3 horses. cambendazole paste was given intraorally to 8 horses, and the pellet formulation was fed to 7 horses at the dose rate of 20 mg/kg. anthelmintic activity of cambendazole was similar for all dose rates and formulations. gasterophilus intest ... | 1975 | 123710 |
| osmotic responses of the bloodworm glycera dibranchiata ehlers: a graphical approach to the analysis of weight regulation. | | 1975 | 240565 |
| an evaluation of the efficacy of oxfendazole against the common nematode parasites of the horse. | in a controlled trial in naturally-infected young ponies, oxfendazole administered orally at dose-rates of 10 mg per kg and 50 mg per kg resulted in complete elimination of trichostrongylus axei, parascaris equorum, oxyuris equi and adult strongylus vulgaris. also, all migrating strongylus edentatus larvae recovered from the subperitoneal tissues of the flank were found to be dead. minimum efficiencies of 99.8 per cent and 99.1 per cent were obtained against adult small strongyles (trichonema sp ... | 1978 | 364817 |
| clinical aspects of strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse. emphasis on diagnosis, chemotherapy, and prophylaxis. | | 1979 | 399708 |
| critical test evaluation of butamisole against gastrointestinal parasites of horses and ponies. | a critical test was performed to evaluate the anthelmintic properties of an injectable butamisole formulation and to compare the efficiency with that of a commercially available piperazine-thiabendazole anthelmintic. the test was done in 10 horses and 15 ponies with naturally acquired parasitic infections. butamisole was administered at the dose level of 2.5 or 3.75 mg/kg of body weight by either subcutaneous or deep intramuscular injection. given at the dose level of 2.5 mg/kg, butamisole was h ... | 1979 | 453676 |
| critical anthelmintic trials in ponies with oxfendazole and caviphos and concomitant studies on the spontaneous elimination of small strongylids. | the efficacy of the benzimidazole, oxfendazole, and the organophosphate, caviphos, against gastrointestinal parasites of ponies was evaluated by the critcial test method. oxfendazole (10 mg/kg of body weight) given in single oral doses was 100% effective against adult large strongylids (strongylus vulgaris, strongylus edentatus, and strongylus equinus), 99% effective against adult small strongylids, and 97% effective against 4th-stage small strongylids (genera identified in order of frequency: c ... | 1979 | 475090 |
| [verminous enteritis and thrombo-embolic colic in the horse. a description of 36 cases (author's transl)]. | based upon case reports from 36 cases of verminous thrombosis of arteria mesenterica cranialis--all of which were verified at necropsy--clinical symptoms, course and pathological lesions are described. seventy five per cent of the patients were under 3 years old, and 73% of the cases showed initial signs during the period july-december. salient clinical findings were, unthrifty appearance and emaciation, diarrhoea--observed in two thirds of the patients--and colic--observed in 50 per cent of the ... | 1979 | 492971 |
| benzimidazole resistance of equine stronygles--critical tests of six compounds against population b. | critical tests were conducted on eight horses naturally infected with several species of large and small strongyles from population b. tested were six benzimidazoles, including thiabendazole (2 lots) (44 mg/kg of body weight); mebendazole (8.8 mg/kg); cambendazole (two formulations) (20 mg/kg); fenbendazole (10 mg/kg); oxibendazole (10 mg/kg); and oxfendazole (10 mg/kg). all compounds were administered by stomach tube except one of the two cambendazole formulations which was an intraoral paste. ... | 1979 | 517836 |
| the epidemiology of equine strongylosis in southern queensland. 3. seasonal variation in arterial populations of strongylus vulgaris, and the prevalence of some helminths. | the anterior mesenteric arteries of 138 horses slaughtered in southern queensland were examined for the presence of s. vulgaris larvae. seasonal differences were noted in the size of arterial populations of this parasite, with higher mean monthly numbers of worms per horse occurring in winter. there was an equally high incidence of severe verminous arteritis during the winter months of june, july and august, compared to arteries examined during the warmer months, when there were smaller numbers ... | 1979 | 518433 |
| equine verminous arteritis. an arteriographic evaluation of the larvicidal activity of albendazole. | albendazole was an effective larvicidal anthelmintic against the fourth stage strongylus vulgaris larvae as late as one month post-infection. the drug was administered at a dose rate of 25 mg/kg three times daily for 5 days. diarrhoea occurred in 3 of 4 foals treated and of these one died during belated intravenous therapy for dehydration. arteriography allowed for an in vivo assessment of the development and regression of lesions in infected-treated foals compared to the continued development o ... | 1979 | 540630 |
| anthelmintic efficiency of fenbendazole in equines. | a single oral dose of fenbendazole (fbz) at 10 mg/kg body mass was given to 5 donkeys. a further 5 donkeys were dosed with a medicated lick (1 mg fbz/g lick) until the oral consumption was 10 mg/kg body mass. in both trials fbz was highly effective against adults of the following genera: cyathostomum, cylicocyclus, cylicostephanus, cylicodontophorus, poteriostomum, cabellonema, craterostomum and triodontophorus; similarly high efficiency was obtained against the following species: habronema maju ... | 1979 | 553963 |
| the efficacy of fenbendazole in the control of immature strongyle infections in ponies. | the efficacy of fenbendazole against immature stages of trichonema spp., strongylus vulgaris and strongylus edentatus was evaluated. naturally infected 6 to 12 month old ponies were given single, oral doses of 0, 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg of body weight. a dose response relationship was noted between increasing dose levels and efficiency against larval trichonemes and migrating stages of s. vulgaris and s. edentatus. dose levels of 30 mg/kg and higher removed 93 per cent of mucosal stages of trichonem ... | 1977 | 560964 |
| diagnosis and treatment of "verminous aneurysm" formation in the horse. | the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of "verminous aneurysm" formation at the root of the cranial mesenteric artery and coeliac artery resulting from strongylus vulgaris larvae migration are described. forty-nine of 57 cases were successfully treated with low molecular weight dextran (dextran 70). | 1977 | 579006 |
| clinical response of pony foals experimentally infected with strongylus vulgaris. | | 1977 | 596704 |
| critical tests of the anthelmintic febantel in the horse: activity of a paste formulation alone or with a trichlorfon paste. | critical tests were carried out in 10 horses to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of febantel given alone or with trichlorfon. paste formulations were administered intraorally at dose levels of 6 mg of febantel (active ingredient)/kg and 35 mg of trichlorfon (active ingredient)/kg. in 5 tests with febantel alone, removal of 100% was recorded for mature or immature parascaris equorum from 2 infected horses. strongylus vulgaris from 4 infected horses, s edentatus from 5 infected horses, and matu ... | 1978 | 697152 |
| strongylus vulgaris in the horse: a review. | | 1976 | 779947 |
| arteriography in ponies with strongylus vulgaris arteritis. | radiographs of the aorta and abdominal arteries were obtained from a normal anesthetized pony following catheterization of a femoral artery for nonselective, semiselective or selective arteriography. the arteries had smooth borders and regular diameters and the branches of the cranial mesenteric artery could be followed distally on the angiogram through to the smaller branches proximal to the bowel wall. following arteriography, the pony walked normally and there were minimal alterations of the ... | 1977 | 861832 |
| an evaluation of ethyl-6-ethoxybenzothiazole-2-carbamate (sch 18099) for anthelmintic activity in domestic animals. | ethyl-6-ethoxybenzothiazole-2-carbamate (sch 18099) was evaluated for efficacy against natural helminth infections in ponies, pigs, lambs and chickens. sixteen critical trials were conducted in ponies at dosages of 15 to 150 mg/kg. at 15 mg/kg, efficacy against adult and larval oxyuris equi was 100% and 91% and against small strongyles it was 98%. efficacy levels were 95% against strongylus vulgaris and s. edentatus at the 20 mg/kg dosage. in two trials at 100 mg/kg efficacy against parascaris e ... | 1977 | 864223 |
| critical tests of the antiparasitic activity of thiabendazole and trichlorfon sequentially administered to horses via stomach tube. | thirteen critical tests were conducted in horses naturally infected with helminths and bots. single doses of thiabendazole (44 mg/kg of body weight) and trichlorfon (40 mg/kg of body weight) powder formulations were administered as suspensions sequentially given via stomach tube to evaluate the efficacy of the combination against the large parasites of horses. parasite removal efficacies were 100% against 2nd instar gasterophilus intestinalis and 2nd and 3rd instar gasterophilus nasalis and 82 t ... | 1977 | 879569 |
| critical anthelmintic trials in ponies with four benzimidazoles: mebendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole, and albendazole. | the comparative efficacy of four benzimidazoles against gastrointestinal parasites of ponies was evaluated by the critical test method. mebendazole (8.8 mg/kg), cambendazole (20 mg/kg), fenbendazole (5 mg/kg), and albendazole (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) given in single oral doses were highly effective against adult large strongylids (strongylus vulgaris, s. endentatus, s. equinus) and adult small strongylids (genera identified in order of frequency: cylicostephanus, cylicocyclus, cyathostomum, triodontoph ... | 1977 | 886410 |
| critical tests of anthelmintic activity of a paste formulation of thiabendazole in horses. | critical tests of the activity on large strongyles, ascarids, mature pinworms, and bots were carried out in 11 horses intraorally treated with a paste formulation of thiabendazole. the dose level of 44 mg/kg was administered to 3 horses, and the dose level of 88 mg/kg to 8 horses. removals of strongylus vulgaris and mature oxyuris equi were 100% at the 2 dose levels, and efficacy against strongylus edentatus varied from 95 to 99% and 89 to 100% for the 44- and the 88-mg/kg dose levels, respectiv ... | 1976 | 937790 |
| eimeria leuckarti infection in foals. | this is the first report on eimeria leuckarti infection in foals in japan. seven thoroughbred or angloarabian foals 2 to 7 months of age raised in the hidaka district, hokkaido, were infected with e. leuckarti. they died of severe alterations caused by the larval migration of strongylus vulgaris, and were examined over a period from 1970 to 1973. protozoa of this species were observed in the small intestine in all the foals. they were found mostly in vacuoles of the cytoplasm of monoclear cells ... | 1976 | 950993 |
| [granulomatous lymphadenitis in a horse due to 4th stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris]. | | 1975 | 1115742 |
| the pathogenesis of single experimental infections with strongylus vulgaris in foals. | the clinical signs, pathology and clinical pathology associated with single experimental infections of strongylus vulgaris in worm-free pony foals are described. the major clinical signs which became apparent in the infected foals during the first three weeks were pyrexia, anorexia, dullness and abdominal pain. within the first two weeks of infection lesions were confined to the intestine and terminal branches of the intestinal arteries and consisted of mucosal, submucosal and serosal haemorrhag ... | 1975 | 1118668 |
| studies on the epidemiology of strongylus vulgaris infection of the horse. | | 1975 | 1140880 |
| strongylus vulgaris-the horse killer. | | 1975 | 1143279 |
| diarrhoea in horses associated with ulceration of the colon and caecum resulting from s vulgaris larval migration. | the clinical manifestations of a diarrhoeic syndrome of horses with ulceration of the mucosae of the colon and caecum are described. patients could be divided into three groups according to their presenting symptoms and the disease is probably caused by the thrombo-embolism associated with migrating larvae of strongylus vulgaris. the differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment are outlined with particular reference to the use of antithrombotic agents. | 1975 | 1162877 |
| the pathogenesis and control of strongyle infection in the horse. | the migratory route of infective strongylus vulgaris larvae was determined: penetration of small and large intestine into the lumina of submucosal arteries, migration up the arterial tree, reaching the cranial mesenteric site by three weeks, where the larvae develop to the mature 4th stage. after 3-4 months they exsheath and the young adults migrate down the arteries towards the intestines, to the limit of arterial narrowing, from where they rupture from nodules into the lumen of the intestine. ... | 1975 | 1177246 |
| [arterial repair after mechanical injury by migrating fourth-stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris in the horse (a light and electron microscopic study) (author's transl)]. | introduction: migrating fourth-stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris, a parasite of equines, damage the intima of the anterior mesenteric artery and its larger branches and induce thrombus formation on the injured sites. as the time of larval passage through each of these branches has been exactly determined in earlier experiments, the aim of the present studies is to contribute to a more complete understanding of repair mechanisms in the process of time after thrombotic vascular injuries. materia ... | 1975 | 1180809 |
| oxibendazole: critical anthelmintic trials in equids. | the efficacy of oxibendazole against gastrointestinal parasites of horses was evaluated by the critical test method. naturally infected ponies of various ages were given single oral doses of 5, 10, or 15 mg-kg of bodyweight. the drug was highly effective against adult large strongylids (strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, s equins), adult small strongylids (especially species of the genera cylicostephanus, cylicocyclus, cyaathostomum, and triodontophorus), and adult and larval stages of the large ... | 1975 | 1216434 |
| heterogeneity and oxygen equilibria of haemoglobin from the bloodworm glycera gigantea. | | 1976 | 1248215 |
| critical tests and safety studies on trichlorfon as an antiparasitic agent in the horse. | three series of critical tests were completed on a combined total of 46 horses to determine the efficacy of single doses of trichlorfon against bots, ascarids, pinworms, and large strongyles. different formulations of trichlorfon were administered by tubing intragastrically, mixing with the daily grain ration, injecting intramuscularly, or pouring on the back at dose rates between 20 and 100 mg/kg. administration by feeding tended to be more efficacious for removal of bots and less toxic to the ... | 1976 | 1259212 |
| [parasitic helminths of the cecum and colon of equidae in italy]. | intestinal helminths from coecum and colon were studied in 93 equidae including 40 horses, 36 donkeys and 17 mules. a total of 38 species, 36 nematodes and 2 cestodes, were identified as follows: 1) triodontophorus serratus, 2) triodontophorus brevicauda, 3) strongylus equinus, 4) strongylus edentatus, 5) strongylus vulgaris, 6) cyathostomum tetracanthum, 7) cyathostomum coronatum, 8) cyathostomum labiatum, 9) cyathostomum labratum, 10) cyathostomum alveatum, 11) cyathostomum pateratum, 12) cyat ... | 1992 | 1339978 |
| precipitin response of the mitogen produced by strongylus vulgaris arterial larvae. | the precipitin response of the mitogen produced by strongylus vulgaris arterial larvae was investigated. igg (t) from the sera of horses naturally infected with s. vulgaris adults and arterial larvae recognised the presence of two antigenic components of the mitogenic fractions. the results obtained seem to confirm that these antigens are immunogenic in stimulating the production of increased levels of igg(t) in infected animals, and showed that the procedures could be used as immunological tool ... | 1992 | 1413456 |
| critical and controlled tests of activity of moxidectin (cl 301,423) against natural infections of internal parasites of equids. | the activity of moxidectin was evaluated in 1988 and 1989 against natural infections of internal parasites in 20 critical tests (n = 20 equids) and three controlled tests (n = 20 equids). two formulations, injectable administered intramuscularly (i.m.) or intraorally (i.o.) and gel i.o., were given at dose rates of 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 mg kg-1 body weight. for the critical tests (all three dose rates evaluated), removals of second instar gasterophilus intestinalis were 93-100%, except (89%) for the i ... | 1992 | 1502789 |
| role of the eosinophil in serum-mediated adherence of equine leukocytes to infective larvae of strongylus vulgaris. | the adherence of equine leukocytes to strongylus vulgaris infective larvae (l3) in the presence of normal and immune sera was examined in vitro. immune sera promoted adherence of buffy coat cells from ponies with s. vulgaris-induced eosinophilia (eosinophilic ponies) to s. vulgaris l3. however, eosinophils in the buffy coat cells were the predominant adherent cell type. studies using leukocyte populations enriched for eosinophils, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells from eosinophilic ponies suppo ... | 1992 | 1597792 |
| immune responses of pony foals during repeated infections of strongylus vulgaris and regular ivermectin treatments. | ten helminth-free pony foals divided into three groups were used in this study. eight foals were each experimentally infected per os with 50 strongylus vulgaris infective larvae weekly for 4 weeks, at which time one foal died of acute verminous arteritis. the remaining seven foals subsequently received 50 s. vulgaris infective larvae every 2 weeks for an additional 20 weeks. four of the infected foals remained untreated (group 1) and three of the infected foals were given ivermectin at 8, 16 and ... | 1992 | 1615633 |
| histology and morphometry of strongylus vulgaris-mediated equine mesenteric arteritis. | histological and morphometric evaluation of equine cranial mesenteric arteries was performed on 239 and 89 arteries, respectively. histological examination revealed that thrombosis and the severity of inflammation varied on a seasonal basis and were directly associated with larval presence. intimal and adventitial fibrosis were generally of greater severity than medial fibrosis. fibrosis of the vasa vasorum was less frequent than fibrosis of the artery itself. morphometry revealed a significant ... | 1991 | 2019679 |
| effect of early season ivermectin and pyrantel treatments on strongylid infections in young shetland ponies in the netherlands. | two groups of three ponies were used to study the effect of three ivermectin or pyrantel treatments given at intervals of 5 weeks at the beginning of the grazing season. although each pyrantel treatment resulted in a greater than 95% reduction in faecal egg counts during the first 3 weeks, high pasture larval counts were seen from the beginning of august onwards and substantial cyathostomine burdens were found at necropsy in december. the ivermectin treatments resulted in an even more pronounced ... | 1991 | 2024428 |
| equine neural angiostrongylosis. | verminous encephalomyelitis due to angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae was diagnosed in 2 foals at necropsy. the principal clinical feature was tetraparesis, although history and neurological examination revealed progressive and multifocal neurological disease. at presentation, a tentative diagnosis of parasitic larval migration involving the central nervous system (cns), presumably due to strongylus vulgaris, was proposed. dissection of the spinal cord in one case resulted in recovery of intact ... | 1991 | 2025204 |
| controlled test evaluation of the benzimidazole anthelmintic vet 220-s alone or with concomitant trichlorfon treatment against naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. | a controlled test was done in 30 naturally infected ponies to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of the dienbendazole analog vet 220-s given alone or with trichlorfon (tcf) by nasogastric intubation. six ponies were nontreated; 6 were given vet 220-s (5.0 mg/kg); 6 were given tcf (40 mg/kg); 6 were given vet 220-s (2.5 mg/kg) and tcf (40 mg/kg); and 6 were given vet 220-s (5.0 mg/kg) and tcf (40 mg/kg). all ponies were euthanatized and necropsied 7 or 8 days after treatment. draschia megastoma, ... | 1991 | 2053725 |
| the ultrastructure of strongylus vulgaris-mediated equine chronic mesenteric arteritis. | cells found in the intima and media of the cranial mesenteric artery of a mature mare with chronic arteritis were identified as smooth muscle cells and occurred in association with collagen and elastin fibres. as no fibroblasts were demonstrable within these regions, the smooth muscle cells were the likely source of the extracellular matrix. in contrast, the abnormal adventitis from the same artery contained abundant fibroblasts which are considered to be the source of the adventitial collagen. | 1990 | 2316190 |
| effects of repeated strongylus vulgaris inoculations and concurrent ivermectin treatments on mesenteric arterial lesions in pony foals. | eight of 10 pony foals reared under helminth-free conditions were inoculated po with 50 strongylus vulgaris infective larvae/week for 4 weeks, at which time 1 foal died of acute verminous arteritis. inoculation of 7 remaining foals continued at 2-week intervals for 20 weeks. of the 7 foals, 3 were treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg of body weight) in an oral paste formulation at experiment weeks 8, 16, 24; 4 foals were not treated. two foals were not inoculated or treated and served as controls. ... | 1990 | 2327628 |
| sequential mesenteric arteriography in pony foals during repeated inoculations of strongylus vulgaris and treatments with ivermectin. | semiselective mesenteric arteriography was performed at regular intervals (inoculation weeks [iw] 0, 11, 18, and 24) in 9 of 10 pony foals raised to be free of parasites. fifty infective larvae (l3) of strongylus vulgaris were administered weekly for 4 weeks, then every 2 weeks through the 20th week. three ponies were given ivermectin (oral paste, 0.2 mg/kg of body weight) treatment at iw 8, 16 and 24. four ponies were inoculated, but did not receive ivermectin, and a third group of 2 ponies act ... | 1990 | 2327629 |
| prevalence and abundance of equine strongyles (nematoda: strongyloidea) in tropical australia. | a postmortem survey of 57 horses in tropical northern queensland revealed 41 (89%) infected with intestinal strongyles. thirty-five strongyle species (8 large strongyles and 27 small strongyles [cyathostominae]) were recorded of which 9 species are reported from australia for the first time. the 14 most prevalent small strongyles were cyathostomum catinatum (in 76% of horses), cyathostomum coronatum (65%), cyathostomum pateratum (33%), cyathostomum labiatum (30%), cylicostephanus calicatus (70%) ... | 1990 | 2380857 |
| characterisation of surface antigens of strongylus vulgaris of potential immunodiagnostic importance. | when antigens prepared by detergent washes of strongylus vulgaris and parascaris equorum were probed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test with horse sera from single species infections of s. vulgaris and p. equorum, a high degree of cross-reaction between the species was demonstrated. western blot analysis of four common horse nematode species showed a large number of common antigens when probed with horse infection sera. antisera raised in rabbits against the four species, including s. ... | 1987 | 2444881 |
| critical and controlled tests of activity of a macrocyclic lactone (compound f28249-alpha) against natural infections in internal parasites of equids. | thirteen critical tests (n = 11 horses and 2 ponies) and 4 controlled tests (n = 4 donkeys and 6 horses) were performed to evaluate the activity of the experimental macrocyclic lactone compound f28249-alpha against internal parasites of equids. in the critical tests, activity was determined mainly against the large parasites, but 1 critical test also included benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles. in the controlled tests, evaluation of drug activity included large parasites and stomach worms ... | 1989 | 2527481 |
| glycera dibranchiata hemoglobin. structure and refinement at 1.5 a resolution. | the coelomic cells of the common marine bloodworm glycera dibranchiata contain several hemoglobin monomers and polydisperse polymers. we present the refined structure of one of the glycera monomers at 1.5 a resolution. the molecular model for protein and ordered solvent for the deoxy form of the glycera monomer has been refined to a crystallographic r-factor of 12.7% against an x-ray diffraction dataset at 1.5 a resolution. the positions of 1095 protein atoms have been determined with a maximum ... | 1989 | 2585515 |
| internal parasites of horses on mixed grassveld and bushveld in transvaal, republic of south africa. | between 1980 and 1982, the gastrointestinal tracts of 17 horses which had been grazing on mixed grassveld at potchefstroom and bushveld at onderstepoort in the province of transvaal, republic of south africa, were examined at necropsy and processed for parasite recovery. the large strongyles and their prevalences were as follows: strongylus vulgaris and associated lesions (88-94%), strongylus edentatus (24%), strongylus equinus (30%), triodontophorus nipponicus (35%) and craterostomum acuticauda ... | 1989 | 2588465 |
| controlled test and clinical evaluation of dienbendazole against naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. | a controlled test was performed to titrate the anthelmintic dosage of dienbendazole in 24 mixed-breed ponies naturally infected with strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, and small strongyle species, as determined by parasitic egg and larval counts in feces. comparison of results of treatment was made among 3 dienbendazole dosages--2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of body weight--and a gum (excipient) mixture given by nasogastric intubation. all ponies were euthanatized and necropsied at 7 or 8 days after treat ... | 1989 | 2619127 |
| preliminary investigations on the effects of a strongylus vulgaris larval extract, mononuclear factors and platelet factors on equine smooth muscle cells in vitro. | factors involved in the proliferation of equine vascular smooth muscle cells were studied in vitro. the most prominent proliferative responses in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells were induced by strongylus vulgaris larval antigen extract (lae) and platelet-derived factors. less significant proliferative responses were obtained with conditioned media from s. vulgaris lae stimulated and from unstimulated equine mononuclear leukocytes. additionally, vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to s. v ... | 1989 | 2631384 |
| strongylus vulgaris in donkeys (equus asinus) from the highveld of zimbabwe. | strongylus vulgaris populations in the cranial mesenteric arteries, caecum and colon were studied in 14 donkeys obtained from a communal area of the zimbabwean highveld during july and november, 1986, and january and april 1987. adult parasites were present in all animals and larvae in the cranial mesenteric arteries of 12 animals. aged animals had high worm burdens. the number of adult parasites varied from 63 to 1255 (mean 382) and of larvae in the arteries from 0 to 181 (mean 69). the mean ad ... | 1989 | 2773269 |
| immunologic and hematologic responses in ponies with experimentally induced strongylus vulgaris infection. | immunologic and hematologic responses were examined in 4 ponies with experimentally induced strongylus vulgaris infection and in 5 helminth-free ponies. two ponies were inoculated with 200 larvae and 2 were inoculated with 700 larvae of s vulgaris and then were reinoculated with the same numbers of larvae 34 weeks later. initial response of the ponies inoculated with s vulgaris was s vulgaris antigen-induced lymphocyte response that developed 1.5 to 3 weeks after inoculation and did not persist. ... | 1989 | 2782721 |
| prevalence and epidemiology of the major gastrointestinal parasites of horses in perth, western australia. | a survey was conducted on the prevalence of the major gastrointestinal parasites in 140 horses necropsied in perth, western australia, during 1979 to 1982. adult strongylus vulgaris were found in 22.5 per cent of horses and verminous arteritis in 62.9 per cent. the peak worm prevalence was in november to january (summer). s edentatus had a similar prevalence and seasonality but s equinus was not found in this survey. draschia megastoma and habronema muscae were found in 66.2 per cent and 35.3 pe ... | 1985 | 2934246 |
| common internal parasites found in the stomach, large intestine, and cranial mesenteric artery of thoroughbreds in kentucky at necropsy (1985 to 1986). | a total of 278 thoroughbreds (less than 1 to 31 years old) were examined at necropsy (july 9, 1985, to feb 2, 1986) in kentucky for various internal parasites. examination was not made of all the horses for each of the parasites. specific parasites recovered from the stomach of foals (n = 30) and yearlings and older horses (n = 96) and percentage (in parentheses) of each age category infected, respectively, were as follows: gasterophilus intestinalis 2nd instar (53% and 32%) and 3rd instar (37% ... | 1987 | 2950814 |
| intimal asteroid bodies in horses: light and electron microscopic observations. | the morphology of asteroid bodies in equine arteries is demonstrated by light microscopy as well as by scanning and transmission electron microscopy combined with chemical analysis. asteroid bodies first occur in horses at four weeks of age in all investigated tissues except the esophagus and always are located in the subendothelial space. the number, shape, ultrastructure and chemical composition of asteroid bodies differ markedly--depending on the age of the horse. asteroid bodies are round an ... | 1985 | 2988177 |
| hematochezia attributable to cranial mesenteric arterial aneurysm with connecting tracts to cecum and ileum in a horse. | a cranial mesenteric arterial aneurysm with fistulous tracts to the cecum and ileum was discovered in a missouri fox trotter stallion. the principal clinical sign was hematochezia, observed at 7- and 10-day intervals. the lesion may have been attributable to arteritis caused by fourth-stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris. | 1988 | 3204052 |
| in vivo activation of equine eosinophils and neutrophils by experimental strongylus vulgaris infections. | eosinophils and neutrophils from ponies with strongylus vulgaris-induced eosinophilia (eosinophilic ponies; activated eosinophils and neutrophils) were assayed in vitro for chemotactic and chemokinetic responses to zymosan-activated serum (zas) using the filter system in boyden chambers, for fc and complement (c) receptors using the ea and eac-rosette assays, respectively, and for phagocytic and bactericidal activities using opsonized escherichia coli and the acridine orange method. the response ... | 1988 | 3238919 |
| oxfendazole: activity of a two-dose treatment regimen on natural infections of internal parasites of equids, with emphasis on migrating large strongyles in controlled tests in 1986 and 1987. | oxfendazole paste formulation was administered intraorally at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight, twice (48 hours between treatments) in 5 controlled tests (experiments a, b, c, d, and e) to 18 equids (14 horses and 4 ponies) that were 5 to 24 months old in 1986 and 1987. activity was evaluated against naturally acquired infections of various internal parasites, with emphasis on migratory stages of strongylus vulgaris and s edentatus. the number of treated and nontreated equids in each experime ... | 1988 | 3247916 |
| intramural hematoma in the jejunum of a mare. | an intramural hematoma involving a 40-cm segment of the distal portion of the jejunum caused intestinal obstruction and colic in a mature mare. the involved intestine was resected, and an end-to-end anastomosis was performed. the mare recovered completely, but 4 years later had colic caused by incarceration and volvulus of the distal portion of the jejunum, involving fibrous abdominal adhesions. the cause of hematoma was not identified; however, rupture of an intramural vessel after migration of ... | 1988 | 3356579 |
| effectiveness of oxfendazole against early and later 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twenty pony foals (reared worm free), 6.5 to 10 weeks of age, were inoculated with strongylus vulgaris and allocated to 5 groups, each with 4 foals. one week after inoculation, 1 group of 4 foals was given oxfendazole (ofz) at a dosage rate of 10 mg/kg of body weight, another group was given 2 such treatments 48 hours apart, and a 3rd group was given a placebo. all treatments were administered by stomach tube. three weeks later, foals were euthanatized and necropsied in a test for efficacy again ... | 1986 | 3516023 |
| critical test and safety evaluations of an oral paste preparation of mebendazole and trichlorfon in horses. | critical tests were done on 24 naturally parasitized horses to compare the antiparasitic activity of an oral paste preparation of mebendazole and trichlorfon with that of the marketed powder formulation. each formulation was administered at the recommended dosages of 8.8 mg of mebendazole and 40 mg of trichlorfon/kg of body weight. efficacy of the paste formulation ranged from 97.7% to 100% against 2nd- and 3rd-stage gasterophilus spp, adult strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, parascaris equorum, ... | 1986 | 3524328 |
| large strongyles. recent advances. | this review cites recent advances in the knowledge pertaining to infections of large strongyles in equids. emphasis is placed on strongylus vulgaris and attention is focused on pathogenesis of clinical manifestations of infections and treatment and control, including chemotherapy of migrating larvae and drug resistance. | 1986 | 3527373 |
| observations on the epidemiology and control of strongylus vulgaris infections. | the epidemiology and control of helminth infections in the horse were studied in four small grazing experiments between 1981 and 1984 at the university of utrecht. at autopsy in november or december negligible strongylus vulgaris burdens were found in the cranial mesenteric artery of four groups of ponies, which had been treated with an anthelmintic in july and subsequently transferred to a clean pasture. considerable arterial s. vulgaris burdens were seen in three groups of ponies which were tr ... | 1987 | 3564344 |
| prevalence of internal parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year period (1956-1983) in kentucky. | the prevalence and number of naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites were compiled for horses used in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year period (1956-1983). data are presented as follows: n = number of horses examined; % = mean prevalence; number in parentheses after % = aggregate mean number of parasites in infected horses. parasites found were: bots (n = 513) - gasterophilus intestinalis, 2nd instar, 61%(58); 3rd instar, 94%(168); g. nasalis, 2nd instar, 36%(28); ... | 1987 | 3564356 |
| specific serum protein changes associated with primary and secondary strongylus vulgaris infections in pony yearlings. | the concentrations of haptoglobin, immunoglobin (ig)g(t) and igg were measured in the serum of four previously parasite-free pony yearlings following a single dose of 700 (group h) or 200 (group l) stage three strongylus vulgaris larvae (l3) and following a reinfection with the same doses 34 weeks later. the results are compared with an uninfected control pony. the haptoglobin concentration increased during weeks 1 to 6 and 14 to 17 after infection in the serum of the ponies receiving 200 l3, bu ... | 1987 | 3569195 |
| strongylus vulgaris in the tunica media of arteries of ponies and treatment with ivermectin. | a preliminary investigation was made into the effect of fourth-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae sequestered in the tunica media of ileocolic arteries of pony foals treated with ivermectin. the foals had been reared parasite-free, inoculated with infective larvae and given orally a placebo or ivermectin paste. two foals received subsequently one or two further inoculations with larvae and treatment with ivermectin. arteriography was used to identify the lesions in the ileocolic artery following i ... | 1987 | 3607653 |
| gastro-intestinal helminths of donkeys in burkina faso. | thirty adult donkeys from burkina faso were necropsied and their gastro-intestinal worm burdens counted and determined. the strongylids were the most abundant species with a prevalence of 100% for strongylus vulgaris. four species of strongylus, two of triodontophorus and six of the cyathostominae were recovered. all of the animals were also infested with habronematid nematodes, but oxyurid and ascaridid nematodes were found in low numbers. in addition to the nematodes, the paramphistomid tremat ... | 1986 | 3799012 |
| epidemiology and control of equine strongylosis at newmarket. | seasonal rises in mean faecal egg output were observed in grazing ponies in spring (578 eggs per gram) and in summer (930 epg) on 30 april and 2 september, respectively, in untreated ponies. pasture infectivity reached a peak of 18,486 third stage larvae (l3)/kg on 17 september, two weeks after peak egg counts, coincidental with abundant september rainfall (103.0 mm). differentiation of infective larvae from pasture showed the cyathostomes (small strongyles) to be predominant, but trichostrongyl ... | 1986 | 3803357 |
| serum protein changes in ponies on different parasite control programmes. | serum protein responses were examined in 52 ponies divided into five groups and subjected to various control strategies that resulted in pasture infectivity ranging from 706 to 18,486 infective third stage, cyathostome and trichostrongylus axei larvae per kilogram of herbage (l3/kg) by 17 september 1984. major protein changes occurred only in young ponies (groups 4 and 5) and were observed before exposure to maximum numbers of pasture larvae (group 4; 10,210 l3/kg, group 5: 10,042 l3/kg) on 17 s ... | 1986 | 3803358 |
| integrated control of strongylus vulgaris infection in horses using ivermectin. | an attempt was made to control or eliminate strongylus vulgaris from a closed group of three horses at pasture near perth, western australia, by dosing with ivermectin on four occasions during the time of year when it was believed that environmental conditions would eliminate all the non-parasitic stages of that species. at necropsy, five months after the last dose of anthelmintic and after continually grazing the same pastures, no s vulgaris or arterial lesions were found in those horses and s ... | 1985 | 3841054 |
| evaluation of the myoelectrical activity of the equine ileum infected with strongylus vulgaris larvae. | five weanling ponies were subjected to an intensive 6-week deworming program after which 4 ag-agcl bipolar electrodes were implanted surgically on the distal ileum. for 3 hours each day for 5 consecutive days, ileal myoelectrical activity was recorded from fed ponies under 3 sequential conditions: preinoculation, after oral administration of 1,000 killed strongylus vulgaris infective larvae (3 ponies), and after oral administration of 1,000 live s vulgaris infective larvae. recordings were analy ... | 1986 | 3946905 |
| fenbendazole in equids: further controlled tests with emphasis on activity of multiple doses against naturally occurring infections of migratory large strongyles. | two controlled tests (experiments d and e) were done to evaluate a fenbendazole (fbz) paste dosage regimen (10 mg/kg once a day for 5 days) for activity against naturally occurring infections of migrating strongylus vulgaris and s edentatus in the mesenteric arteries and ventral abdominal wall, respectively. data were also obtained on other internal parasites of the gastrointestinal tract and eyes in experiment e. eight pony yearlings were used in experiment d (4 treated and 4 nontreated) and 6 ... | 1986 | 3954211 |
| control of strongylosis in horses by alternate grazing of horses and sheep and some other aspects of the epidemiology of strongylidae infections. | alternate grazing of horses and sheep as a control measure for gastrointestinal helminthiasis was studied in three grazing experiments in 1981, 1982 and 1983. each year a group of three mare yearling shetland ponies, which were kept on a small pasture from spring to autumn, were compared with a similar group which grazed a similar or the same pasture until july and were subsequently removed to a similar pasture which had been grazed by sheep from april to july. in addition both groups were treat ... | 1986 | 3962151 |
| activity of closantel in the prevention of gasterophilus and strongylus vulgaris larval infections in equine foals and yearlings. | two controlled tests were conducted in equine foals and yearlings to determine the optimal oral dosage and the duration of activity of closantel for the prevention of gasterophilus spp larval infections. additional data were collected on the activity of closantel against strongylus vulgaris larval infections. in experiment 1, 12 foals and 12 yearlings were equally allocated to 4 experimental groups, and were given oral treatments with closantel at dosages of 0 (nontreated controls), 2, 5, or 8 m ... | 1985 | 3970420 |
| prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy of thoroughbreds born in 1982 in kentucky. | a total of 89 thoroughbreds, 14 to 333 days old (born in 1982), were examined at necropsy for certain internal parasites during a 1-year-period, mar 1, 1982, to feb 28, 1983. the eyes of 73 of the horses and the cranial mesenteric arteries of 71 were examined. specific interest was on prevalence of parasites according to month of the year and age of the horses at necropsy. parasites recovered (first month-last month infected horse found) were as follows: thelazia lacrymalis (eyes) immature and m ... | 1985 | 3994134 |
| spinal nematodosis in a donkey with posterior paresis. | spinal nematodosis in a four-year-old donkey is described. the animal showed progressive hindlimb paresis of sudden onset. necropsy revealed extensive degeneration and inflammation in the lumbosacral part of the spinal cord, caused by a nematode larva of the suborder strongylina, probably l4 or l5 of strongylus vulgaris. | 1985 | 4013051 |
| in vitro development of strongylus edentatus to the fourth larval stage with notes on strongylus vulgaris and strongylus equinus. | strongylus edentatus was successfully cultured in vitro to the fourth larval stage (l4). some growth continued for periods of 40-50 days at which time reductions in viability were observed in some of the culture systems tested. various combinations of media, sera, buffers and organ explant cultures were tested. all cultures were incubated at 37 c in an atmosphere of 95% air and 5% co2. larvae underwent growth and differentiation to the l4 in all medium-serum combinations with and without organ e ... | 1985 | 4032151 |
| use of oxibendazole for control of cambendazole-resistant small strongyles in a band of ponies: a six-year study. | oxibendazole (obz; 10 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to ponies at 8-week intervals to control strongylosis in a breeding band of shetland-type ponies (n = 29 to 50) from october 1978 through september 1984. a similar use of cambendazole (cbz; 20 mg/kg of body weight) in this band of ponies during the preceding 4-year period resulted in the survival of a cbz-resistant population (s) of small strongyles. effectiveness of obz treatments was monitored by pre- and posttreatment counts of the ... | 1985 | 4083584 |
| host response to experimentally induced infections of strongylus vulgaris in parasite-free and naturally infected ponies. | | 1974 | 4417305 |
| verminous encephalitis of horses: experimental induction with strongylus vulgaris larvae. | | 1974 | 4433067 |
| strongylus vulgaris infection in the horse. | | 1974 | 4446282 |
| the structures of lamprey and bloodworm hemoglobins in relation to their evolution and function. | | 1972 | 4508148 |
| the kikuchi--enigk model of strongylus vulgaris migrations in the horse. | | 1973 | 4574177 |
| fine structure of erythrocytes of the common bloodworm glycera dibranchiata. | | 1972 | 4649372 |
| further observations on the maintenance of a monospecific infection of strongylus vulgaris in the horse. | | 1973 | 4721941 |
| the role of ultrastructure and physiological differentiation of epithelia in amino acid uptake by the bloodworm, glycera. | | 1972 | 5021125 |
| the amino acid sequence of the monomeric hemoglobin component from the bloodworm, glyat liver. | | 1972 | 5063466 |
| the life cycle of strongylus vulgaris in the horse. | | 1972 | 5072578 |
| the isolation and maintenance of a monospecific infection of strongylus vulgaris in the horse. | | 1971 | 5542322 |
| heterogeneity of the hemoglobin from the common bloodworm glycera dibranchiata. | | 1971 | 5547700 |
| [spinal nematodosis in the horse caused by strongylus vulgaris]. | | 1965 | 5895489 |
| studies on pathological lesions due to strongylus vulgaris infection in an indian pony. | | 1966 | 6009405 |
| morphologic and clinicopathologic changes following strongylus vulgaris infections of immune and nonimmune ponies. | | 1982 | 6125117 |
| the prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the u.s.a. | fifty-five adult horses were necropsied over a 15-month period, and their worm burdens counted and speciated. twenty-one species of cyathostominae were recovered. ten species: cyathostomum catinatum, cylicocyclus nassatus, cylicostephanus longibursatus, cyathostomum coronatum, cylicostephanus goldi, c. calicatus, c. minutus, cylicocyclus leptostomus, c. insigne and cyathostomum pateratum, comprised 98.9% of the total cyathostome burdens. these same 10 species also demonstrated high prevalences i ... | 1984 | 6237483 |
| induction of ion-permeable channels by the venom of the fanged bloodworm glycera dibranchiata. | venom from the poison glands of the polychaete annelid glycera convoluta has been reported to dramatically increase the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials at the frog and crayfish neuromuscular junctions, without causing detectable ultrastructural changes. we report here that addition of venom from the related annelid glycera dibranchiata to one side of a lipid bilayer results in the formation of ion-permeable channels in the membrane. the channel forming activity was found in the void ... | 1982 | 6294921 |
| verminous aneurysm caused by filaria. | aneurysms caused by atherosclerosis are relatively frequent, as a consequence of the high incidence of this degenerative disease of the arteries. other types of aneurysm, for example, those of infectious etiology, are more uncommon. bacterias and fungi are able to cause aneurysms in several parts of the arterial tree. stengel et al (1943), in a review of world literature described 217 cases of mycotic aneurysms. the stedman's medical dictionary refers to a special type of aneurysm observed in ho ... | 1983 | 6346961 |
| antibody responses of ponies to initial and challenge infections of strongylus vulgaris. | an indirect fluorescent antibody assay (ifa) was developed using strongylus vulgaris third stage larvae (l3) as antigens. observations using the ifa indicate that a species-specific antibody response to s. vulgaris l3 develops in s. vulgaris-infected ponies and that some surface l3 antigens are shared by adult worms. sequential antibody levels against s. vulgaris were measured in strongyle-naive and in immune ponies following initial and challenge infections using the ifa and an indirect hemaggl ... | 1983 | 6351415 |
| effectiveness of fenbendazole against later 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twelve pony foals (reared worm-free) were inoculated with strongylus vulgaris. approximately 8 weeks later, 4 of the foals were given fenbendazole (10% suspension) at a dosage rate of 10 mg/kg of body weight daily for 5 days and 4 foals were given the suspension at a dosage rate of 50 mg/kg daily for 3 days; the remaining foals were given a placebo. all treatments were administered by stomach tube. fenbendazole was 99.6 and 97.9% effective in the 2 treatment groups, respectively, in eliminating ... | 1983 | 6362499 |