| [nosema sp. in white rats]. | in 14 days after the intraperitoneal infection of mice with 30% brain emulsion of white mice or of newly-born rats in the peritoneal liquid there were found spores of nosema sp. 5.37 plus or minus 0.88 x 3.04 plus or minus 0.07 in size. the subsequent attempts to passage this organism on the mice by adminestering into them the suspension from the brain and internal organs of infected animals yielded ho results. the material for diagnosing on microsporidians of mammals is being discussed. | 1975 | 806876 |
| microsporida of the fall webworn, hyphantria cunea. i. identification, distribution, and comparison of nosema sp. with similar nosema spp. from other lepidoptera. | | 1974 | 4212168 |
| ultrastructural study of microsporidian development. i. nosema sp. sprague, 1965 in callinectes sapidus rathbun. | | 1970 | 4986525 |
| the control of a microsporidian, nosema sp., in an anopheline colony by an egg-rinsing technique. | | 1970 | 4987976 |
| studies of the transmission of plasmodium gallinaceum by anopheles quadrimaculatus infected with a nosema sp. | | 1971 | 5004429 |
| nosema sp. infecting a laboratory colony of the alfalfa weevil. | | 1969 | 5777836 |
| successful eradication of a microsporidian, nosema sp., in a mosquito colony. | | 1993 | 8323412 |
| identification and phylogenetic relationships of microsporidia by riboprinting. | the ssurdna and the its of different microsporidia from eight fishes, four insects and a shrimp were amplified and digested with restriction enzymes. the generated riboprints suggest a close evolutionary relationship between glugea americanus and spraguea lophii suggesting that glugea americanus should be renamed spraguea americanus and that the tissue infected and host origin should be considered of greater taxonomic importance for defining a genus than previously considered. phylogenetic analy ... | 1997 | 9435126 |
| development, characterization and future prospects of monoclonal antibodies against spores of glugea atherinae (protozoa-microsporidia-fish parasites). | monoclonal antibodies against spores of glugea atherinae were obtained after lymphocytic hybridization made from immunized mouse splenocytes. screening using an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), revealed seven monoclonal antibodies with an intense but variable reaction with the spores of fish microsporidia, and a moderate reaction with those of an insect microsporidium (nosema sp.). the reaction was weaker with spores of encephalitozoon intestinalis found in hiv+ patients. fitc ... | 1997 | 9435136 |
| horizontal transfer of parasitic sex ratio distorters between crustacean hosts. | parasitic sex distorters were artificially transferred within and between crustacean host species in order to study the effects of parasitism on host fitness and sex determination and to investigate parasite host specificity. implantation of nosema sp. to uninfected strains of its gammarus duebeni host resulted in an active parasite infection in the gonad of recipient females and subsequent transovarial parasite transmission. the young of artificially infected females were feminized by the paras ... | 1998 | 9695096 |
| interactions between a nosema sp. (microspora: nosematidae) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar (lepidoptera: lymantriidae). | simultaneous and sequential per os inoculations of gypsy moth larvae with the lymantria dispar nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ldnpv) and a nosema sp. from portugal demonstrated that the interaction of two pathogens during coinfection was variable, ranging from synergistic to antagonistic. susceptibility of gypsy moth larvae to viral infection was unaffected by simultaneous and subsequent microsporidian infection. this resulted from the comparatively slow pathogenesis of the microsporidium when comp ... | 1998 | 9709015 |
| phylogenomic analysis of the alpha proteasome gene family from early-diverging eukaryotes. | we employed a phylogenomic approach to study the evolution of alpha subunits of the proteasome gene family from early diverging eukaryotes. blast similarity searches of the giardia lamblia genome identified all seven alpha proteasome genes characteristic of eukaryotes from the crown group. in addition, a pcr strategy for the amplification of multiple alpha subunit sequences generated single alpha proteasome products for representatives of the kinetoplastida (leishmania major), the parabasalia (t ... | 2000 | 11116327 |
| an iridescent virus and a microsporidium in the biting midge culicoides barbosai from florida. | an iridescent virus and a microsporidium (nosema sp.) were found infecting larvae of the biting midge culicoides barbosai collected in boynton beach, palm beach county, florida. larvae were extracted from mud collected weekly during a 22-month period from march 1998 to december 1999. virus-infected larvae were present in 4 collections made in march, april, and may 1998 and the average infection level was 4.7% (range 2.3-7.1%). the virus infected the fat body and produced an iridescent blue color ... | 2002 | 12083356 |
| [observations on the development and pathogenicity of nosema sp., parasite aporia cratagi l. (lepidoptera)]. | | 1957 | 13496714 |
| nosema chrysorrhoeae n. sp. (microsporidia), isolated from browntail moth (euproctis chrysorrhoea l.) (lepidoptera, lymantriidae) in bulgaria: characterization and phylogenetic relationships. | a new microsporidian parasite nosema chrysorrhoeae n. sp., isolated in bulgaria from the browntail moth (euproctis chrysorrhoea l.), is described. its life cycle includes two sequential developmental cycles that are similar to the general developmental cycles of the nosema-like microsporidia and are indistinguishable from those of two nosema spp. from lymantria dispar. the primary cycle takes place in the midgut tissues and produces binucleate primary spores. the secondary developmental cycle ta ... | 2006 | 16410011 |
| molecular data and phylogeny of nosema infecting lepidopteran forest defoliators in the genera choristoneura and malacosoma. | nosema isolates from five lepidopteran forest defoliators, nosema fumiferanae from spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana; a nosema sp. from jack pine budworm, choristoneura pinus pinus and western spruce budworm, choristoneura occidentalis (nosema sp. cpp and nosema sp. co, respectively); nosema thomsoni from large aspen tortrix, choristoneura conflictana; and nosema disstriae, from the forest tent caterpillar, malacosoma disstria were compared based on their small subunit (ssu) ribosomal rna ... | 2008 | 18251803 |
| invasion route of nosema sp. in the potato tuber-worm, as determined by ligaturing. | | 1948 | 18933561 |
| horizontal and vertical transmission of a nosema sp. (microsporidia) from lymantria dispar (l.) (lepidoptera: lymantriidae). | the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar l. (lepidoptera, lymantriidae), a serious defoliator of deciduous trees, is an economically important pest when population densities are high. outbreaking populations are, however, subject to some moderating influences in the form of entomopathogens, including several species of microsporidia. in this study, we conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the transmission of an unusual nosema sp. isolated from l. dispar in schweinfurt, germany; this isolate in ... | 2007 | 17250850 |
| physiological host specificity: a model using the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) (lepidoptera: crambidae) and microsporidia of row crop and other stalk-boring hosts. | we investigated vertical and horizontal transmission as means by which entomopathogenic microsporidia may be isolated in their hosts. ostrinia nubilalis larvae were challenged with microsporidia isolated from other stalk-boring and row crop lepidoptera and were susceptible to seven species. two species were horizontally transmitted. a nosema sp. from eoreuma loftini was transmitted among o. nubilalis larvae but not among larvae of the e. loftini host. this species was also vertically transmitted ... | 2005 | 16214162 |
| studies on the impact of two nosema isolates from bulgaria on the gypsy moth (lymantria dispar l.). | we investigated host-parasite interactions of two nosema-type microsporidian isolates recovered from populations of lymantria dispar l. in northwestern bulgaria, one near veslec and one near levishte. bioassay studies produced information on development, stage specific mortality, pupation, and adult eclosion of infected individuals. horizontal transmission of the two isolates was investigated in a second set of experiments. at dosages ranging from 2 x 10(2) to 5 x 10(4) spores/microl, the infect ... | 2004 | 15579319 |
| food utilization efficiency in fifth instar larvae of antheraea mylitta (lepidoptera: saturniidae) infected with nosema sp. and its effect on reproductive potential and silk production. | antheraea mylitta, a sericigenous insect of economical importance is often infected with an intracellular parasite of the genus nosema. this pathogen is known to cause fatal pebrine disease and is considered as an important factor that strongly influences the development of the host. larvae developed from the eggs laid by a female infected with nosema sp. showed extended development period. the increment in the larval weight declined significantly in infected larvae in comparison to uninfected o ... | 2003 | 12725805 |
| impact of a novel species of nosema on the southwestern corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | a study was undertaken to elucidate the impact of an undescribed nosema sp. on the southwestern corn borer (swcb; diatraea grandiosella dyar). the nosema sp. (isolate 506) included in the study was isolated from an overwintering swcb larva in mississippi. it was highly infectious per os, with a median infective dose of 2.0 x 10(3) spores per larva. even at the highest dosage tested (10(7) spores per larva), minimal mortality (< or = 3%) was observed in infected larvae, pupae, and adults reared i ... | 2003 | 12650338 |
| nosema tyriae n.sp. and nosema sp., microsporidian parasites of cinnabar moth tyria jacobaeae. | nosema tyriae n.sp. was found in 63% of a population of cinnabar moth larvae (tyria jacobaeae). the infection was found in the gut wall, silk glands, and fat body and was probably generalized but appeared to be of low pathogenicity. merogony and sporogony were by binary fission of diplokaryotic stages. fresh spores were elongate, slightly pointed at the anterior end, and measured 4.7 x 2.0 microm. ultrastructural features of special interest were 20-nm tubules connecting the surface of sporonts ... | 1999 | 10388544 |
| some ultrastructural data on microsporidium ceylonensis, a cause of corneal microsporidiosis. | sections of corneal tissue infected with microsporidium ceylonensis were restained or processed for electron microscopy. confirmation was obtained that the parasite develops in macrophages and that spores are uninucleate. new information is provided that sporoblasts and spores develop synchronously within a membrane in the host cell, spores have an anisofilar polar tube of 6-10 wide coils and 2-3 narrow coils and details are given of the spore wall and internal organisation. the parasite was com ... | 1998 | 9772724 |
| Prevalence of Nosema sp. (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) during an outbreak of the jack pine budworm in Ontario. | Microsporidia are believed to play little or no role in outbreaks of the jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinuspinus Freeman (Lepidoptrera: Tortricidae), because the short duration (2-4 years) of those outbreaks may not permit significant build-up of the pathogen. We conducted the first survey of Nosema sp. (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) over the course of a recent jack pine budworm outbreak in Ontario. Between 2004 and 2010 the outbreak defoliated a cumulative total of 1.78 million ha. Microscopi ... | 2011 | 21925185 |
| lack of evidence for an association between iridovirus and colony collapse disorder. | colony collapse disorder (ccd) is characterized by the unexplained losses of large numbers of adult worker bees (apis mellifera) from apparently healthy colonies. although infections, toxins, and other stressors have been associated with the onset of ccd, the pathogenesis of this disorder remains obscure. recently, a proteomics study implicated a double-stranded dna virus, invertebrate iridescent virus (family iridoviridae) along with a microsporidium (nosema sp.) as the cause of ccd. we tested ... | 2011 | 21738798 |
| temporal analysis of the honey bee microbiome reveals four novel viruses and seasonal prevalence of known viruses, nosema, and crithidia. | honey bees (apis mellifera) play a critical role in global food production as pollinators of numerous crops. recently, honey bee populations in the united states, canada, and europe have suffered an unexplained increase in annual losses due to a phenomenon known as colony collapse disorder (ccd). epidemiological analysis of ccd is confounded by a relative dearth of bee pathogen field studies. to identify what constitutes an abnormal pathophysiological condition in a honey bee colony, it is criti ... | 2011 | 21687739 |
| a new isolate of nosema sp. (microsporidia, nosematidae) from phyllobrotica armata baly (coleoptera, chrysomelidae) from china. | we studied the spore morphology and molecular systematics of a novel microsporidian isolate from phyllobrotica armata baly collected in china. the spores were long-oval and measured 4.7 × 2.6 μm on fresh smears. ultrastructure of the spores was characteristic for the genus nosema: 13-14 polar filament coils, posterior vacuole, and a diplokaryon. the complete rrna gene sequence of the isolate was 4308 bp long. the organization of the rrna gene was 5'-lsu rrna-its-ssu rrna-igs-5s-3', which corresp ... | 2010 | 21035452 |
| indoor winter fumigation with formic acid for control of acarapis woodi (acari: tarsonemidae) and nosema disease, nosema sp. | indoor fumigation of honey bees, apis mellifera l., with formic acid to control varroa mites, varroa destructor anderson & trueman, allows simultaneous fumigation of multiple colonies with little labor input and good efficacy. several experiments were designed to test the efficacy of formic acid as a treatment for honey bee mites, acarapis woodi (rennie) (acari: tarsonemidae), and nosema disease, nosema sp., indoors in winter. the objectives of this study were (1) to determine the efficacy of fo ... | 2009 | 19886435 |
| sequence and phylogenetic analysis of ssu rrna gene of five microsporidia. | the complete small subunit rrna (ssu rrna) gene sequences of five microsporidia including nosema heliothidis, and four novel microsporidia isolated from pieris rapae, phyllobrotica armta, hemerophila atrilineata, and bombyx mori, respectively, were obtained by pcr amplification, cloning, and sequencing. two phylogenetic trees based on ssu rrna sequences had been constructed by using neighbor-joining of phylip software and upgma of mega4.0 software. the taxonomic status of four novel microsporidi ... | 2010 | 19768503 |
| characterization of a new insect cell line (ntu-yb) derived from the common grass yellow butterfly, eurema hecabe (linnaeus) (pieridae: lepidoptera) and its susceptibility to microsporidia. | a new lepidopteran cell line, ntu-yb, was derived from pupal tissue of eurema hecabe (linnaeus) (pieridae: lepidoptera). the doubling time of yb cells in tnm-fh medium supplemented with 8% fbs at 28 degrees c was 26.87h. the chromosome numbers of yb cells varied widely from 21 to 196 with a mean of 86. compared to other insect cell lines, the yb cells produced distinct esterase, malate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase isozyme patterns. identity of the internal transcribed spacer region-i ... | 2009 | 19761771 |
| morphological and molecular studies of a microsporidium (nosema sp.) isolated from the thee spot grass yellow butterfly, eurema blanda arsakia (lepidoptera: pieridae). | a microsporidium possessing molecular and morphological characteristics of the genus nosema was isolated from larvae of the thee-spot grass yellow butterfly, eurema blanda arsakia. the complete rrna gene sequences of the e. blanda isolate contained 4,428 base pairs (genbank accession no. eu338534). the organization of the rrna genes is lsu rrna-its-ssu rrna-igs-5s, which corresponds with that of nosema species closely related to nosema bombycis. phylogenetic analysis based on rrna gene sequences ... | 2009 | 19041874 |