| regulation of beta-1,3-glucanase synthesis in penicillium italicum. | the filamentous fungus penicillium italicum produced a certain level of beta-1,3-glucanase during active growth in a glucose-supplemented medium; however, at a low glucose concentration (2 to 10 mm), derepression took place and the specific activity of the enzyme increased significantly. derepressed cells (incubated in a glucose-limited medium) accumulated a capacity for the synthesis of beta-1,3-glucanase, which led to a subsequent increase in the specific activity even when the cells were tran ... | 1978 | 415042 |
| regulation of the beta-1,3-glucanase system in penicillium italicum: glucose repression of the various enzymes. | the microscopic fungus penicillium italicum when grown in a synthetic liquid medium produced at least three enzymes with beta-1,3-glucanase activity which were separated by diethylaminoethyl-sephadex column chromatography. these were named beta-1,3-glucanases i, ii, and iii respective to their order of elution from the column. a tentative characterization of these three enzymes indicated that they have different modes of action; the first one is an endoglucanase, the second is an exoglucanase, a ... | 1978 | 627529 |
| production and catabolite repression of penicillium italicum beta-glucanases. | the filamentous fungus penicillium italicum, grown in a defined liquid medium, produced beta-1,3-glucanase, which remained essentially bound to the cells, and beta-1,6-glucanase, an essentially extracellular enzyme. when glucose was depleted from the medium, when a limited concentration of glucose (0.2%) was maintained, or when the carbon source was galactose (3%) or lactose (3%), a significant increase in the specific activity of beta-1,3-glucanase, in cell extracts, took place. this was parall ... | 1977 | 830646 |
| purification and some properties of the pectin lyase from penicillium italicum. | for the first time, a pectin lyase (poly(methoxygalacturonide)lyase: ec 4.2.2.10) from a member of the generus penicillium was isolated, purified to homogeneity and characterized. the monomeric enzyme from penicillium italicum cect 2294 culture filtrates showed a molecular mass of 34 kda after sds-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gradient gels, and the isoelectric point was 8.6 as determined by isoelectric focusing. the optimum ph (9.0), the high ph and temperature stabilities, the ability to d ... | 1991 | 2013333 |
| effect of various organic compounds on synthesis of glucoamylase by an isolated strain penicillium italicum. | yeast extract (0.5%) stimulates the production of glucoamylase and cell synthesis while methylene blue (0.1 mm) activates the synthesis of glucoamylase. studies on the metabolic changes during fermentation of glucoamylase in a selected medium by p. italicum show that the rate of production of glucoamylase and cellular growth are greatly accelerated between 48 and 168 hr. rapid growth of cells during this period may account for enhanced utilization of maltose and nh4no3 from the medium. the acid ... | 1989 | 2517423 |
| the utilization of l-tryptophan as nitrogen source by fusarium culmorum, aspergillus nidulans, and penicillium italicum. | | 1972 | 4559635 |
| [penicillium ulaiense hsieh, su & tzean, a post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruits in northeastern argentina]. | fungi were isolated from the surface of decaying citrus fruits and their pathogenicity was determined. a few rotten fruits presented coremia of penicillium ulaiense hsieh, su & tzean, a new postharvest pathogen in latin america. penicillium digitatum (89 strains). penicillium italicum (28). p. ulaiense (12) and geotrichum candidum (11) were isolated from 129 samples of citrus fruits. | 1995 | 8552758 |
| relationship between volatile components of citrus fruit essential oils and antimicrobial action on penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum. | this study examined the effect of volatile components of citrus fruit essential oils on p. digitatum and p. italicum growth. the hydrodistilled essential oils of orange (citrus sinensis cvv. "washington navel", "sanguinello", "tarocco", "moro", "valencia late", and "ovale"), bitter (sour) orange (c. aurantium), mandarin (c. deliciosa cv. "avana"), grapefruit (c. paradisi cvv. "marsh seedless" and "red blush"), citrange (c. sinensis x poncirus trifoliata cvv. "carrizo" and "troyer"), and lemon (c ... | 1998 | 9761340 |
| biodegradation of fluoranthene by soil fungi. | a selection of 39 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated for fluoranthene degradation. toxicity assays, first evaluated on solid medium mea, have not shown any toxicity of fluoranthene (1-100 mg.l-1) towards fungi. whereas, consumption assays on a solid synthetic medium showed a toxicity at 100 mg.l-1. the degradation of fluoranthene (10 mg.l-1) was then inv ... | 1999 | 10230046 |
| antimicrobial activities of several parts of pinus brutia, juniperus oxycedrus, abies cilicia, cedrus libani and pinus nigra. | in this study, the antimicrobial activities of several parts of various trees grown in the kahramanmaraş region of turkey were investigated by the disc diffusion method. chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts of leaves, resins, barks, cones and fruits of pinus brutia ten., juniperus oxycedrus l., abies cilicia ant. & kotschy carr., cedrus libani a. rich. and pinus nigra arn. were prepared and tested against bacillus megaterium dsm 32, bacillus subtilis img 22, bacillus cereus fmc 19, escheric ... | 1999 | 10548751 |
| antifungal effects of hydrolysable tannins and related compounds on dermatophytes, mould fungi and yeasts. | a series of hydrolysable tannins and related compounds was evaluated for antifungal activities against filamentous fungi (epidermophyton floccosum; microsporum canis; microsporum gypseum; trichophyton mentagrophytes; trichophyton rubrum; trichophyton tonsurans; trichophyton terrestre; penicillium italicum; aspergillus fumigatus; mucor racemosus; rhizopus nigricans) and opportunistic yeasts (candida albicans; candida glabrata; candidata krusei; cryptococcus neoformans), using the agar dilution me ... | 2000 | 10928561 |
| identification of two different 14-alpha sterol demethylase-related genes (cyp51a and cyp51b) in aspergillus fumigatus and other aspergillus species. | two cyp51-related genes (cyp51a and cyp51b) encoding 14-alpha sterol demethylase-like enzymes were identified in the opportunistic human pathogen aspergillus fumigatus. pcr amplification using degenerate oligonucleotides based on conserved areas of cytochrome p450 demethylases of other filamentous fungi and yeasts allowed the cloning and sequencing of two different homologue genes in a. fumigatus. southern analysis confirmed that both genes hybridized to distinct genomic loci and that both are r ... | 2001 | 11427550 |
| fungitoxic activity of 12 essential oils against four postharvest citrus pathogens: chemical analysis of thymus capitatus oil and its effect in subatmospheric pressure conditions. | the fungitoxic activity against penicillium digitatum, penicillium italicum, botrytis cinerea, and alternaria citri of 12 essential oils (eos) distilled from medicinal plants is reported. the results of the in vitro trials show strong fungitoxic activity of thymus capitatus (l.) hofmgg eos, which inhibited the growth of the four fungi at a concentration of 250 ppm (vol/vol). the other 11 essences reduced the development of the fungi from 95 to 9% at 250 ppm (vol/vol). the fungitoxic activity of ... | 2001 | 11456187 |
| identification of novel hexapeptides bioactive against phytopathogenic fungi through screening of a synthetic peptide combinatorial library. | the purpose of the present study was to improve the antifungal activity against selected phytopathogenic fungi of the previously identified hexapeptide paf19. we describe some properties of a set of novel synthetic hexapeptides whose d-amino acid sequences were obtained through screening of a synthetic peptide combinatorial library in a positional scanning format. as a result of the screening, 12 putative bioactive peptides were identified, synthesized, and assayed. the peptides paf26 (ac-rkkwfw ... | 2002 | 11976121 |
| effect of water activity and temperature on competing abilities of common postharvest citrus fungi. | the effect of temperature (4-30 degrees c) and water activity (a(w), 0.995-0.90) on the 'in vitro' interactions between penicillium digitatum, penicillium italicum and geotrichum candidum were evaluated. the effect of temperature on growth of green and blue mould decays and their interactions on wounded oranges was also studied. the major competing abilities were observed at optimal conditions of temperature and a(w) for growth (25 degrees c and 0.995 a(w)), and no differences between growth rat ... | 2004 | 14672832 |
| [effect of cyclodextrins on fungal degradation of fluorene]. | the purpose of this study was to improve the bioavailability of fluorene (pah) by the use of complexing agents, cyclodextrins. the biodegradation tests were performed in liquid medium batches; fluorene was quantified by hplc. experimental results showed the enhancement of fluorene degradation by penicillium italicum and phanerochaete chrysosporium in the presence of branched cyclodextrins. | 2001 | 11924508 |
| efficacy of essential oils of caesulia axillaris and mentha arvensis against some storage pests causing biodeterioration of food commodities. | the essential oils of caesulia axillaris and mentha arvensis have been tested for their fumigant activity in the management of biodeterioration of stored wheat samples by aspergillus flavus and the insect pests, sitophilus oryzae and tribolium castaneum, at 1300 and 600 ppm, respectively. the findings indicate the efficacy of the oils as potent fumigants for management of the biodeterioration of stored wheat samples. the oils also controlled the blue mould rot of oranges caused by penicillium it ... | 2001 | 11529443 |
| individual and combined effects of vanillin and potassium sorbate on penicillium digitatum, penicillium glabrum, and penicillium italicum growth. | the individual and combined effects of potassium sorbate and vanillin concentrations on the growth of penicillium digitatum, p. glabrum, and p. italicum in potato dextrose agar adjusted to water activity 0.98 and ph 3.5 were evaluated. inhibitory concentrations of potassium sorbate varied from 150 ppm for p. digitatum to 700 ppm for p. glabrum, and for vanillin from 1,100 ppm for p. digitatum and p. italicum and 1,300 ppm for p. glabrum. fractional inhibitory concentration (fic) isobolograms sho ... | 1999 | 10340678 |
| channeling of vanadium in two species of fungi. | aspergillus flavus and penicillium italicum were cultivated on dox medium amended with different concentrations of a vanadium salt; vanadium pentoxide (v2o5). the fungal isolates were found to absorb considerable quantities of vanadium. fungal contents of carbohydrates and proteins were decreased by the presence of vanadium in the growth environment. vanadium was incorporated into several types of low and high molecular weight protein(s) and peptides. in case of p. italicum, lysine, tyrosine, gl ... | 1998 | 10333561 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the eburicol 14alpha-demethylase gene of the obligate biotrophic grape powdery mildew fungus. | in order to obtain molecular data concerning field resistance of uncinula necator, the causal agent of grape powdery mildew, to sterol demethylation inhibitors, a major group of fungicides, the gene encoding the target of these compounds (eburicol 14alpha-demethylase) was cloned and sequenced from this obligately biotrophic phytopathogenic fungus. this single-copy gene encodes a 524 amino acid protein which displays high similarity to other known sterol 14alpha-demethylases (cyp51s). the coding ... | 1997 | 9300816 |
| classification of species in the genus penicillium by curie point pyrolysis/mass spectrometry followed by multivariate analysis and artificial neural networks. | curie point pyrolysis/mass spectrometry of penicillium species was performed with 530 degrees c curie point foils. the mass spectra were submitted to principal component analysis, canonical variates analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, producing a final dendrogram by the use of average linkage clustering. by this approach a successful classification of the species penicillium italicum, p. expansum and p. digitatum originating from fruits was obtained. isolates of the same species grouped ... | 1996 | 8990523 |
| pectin lyase production by a penicillium italicum strain. | growth and concomitant production of an extracellular pectin lyase (pl) [poly(methoxylgalactosiduronate) endolyase; ec 4.2.2.10] were investigated in a group of 16 fungi grown in liquid medium containing pectin as a supplementary carbon source. culture filtrates of both penicillium italicum (cect 2294) and p. expansum (cect 2275) showed the highest pl activity and contained polygalacturonase but not pectinesterase activity. the effect of the inoculum size, the carbon source (sucrose and glucose ... | 1989 | 16347954 |
| increased resistance to 14 alpha-demethylase inhibitors (dmis) in aspergillus niger by coexpression of the penicillium italicum eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase (cyp51) and the a. niger cytochrome p450 reductase (cpra) genes. | in this paper we describe the effects of over-expression of the penicillium italicum gene encoding eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase (cyp51), in aspergillus niger strains with one or multiple copies of the gene encoding cytochrome p450 reductase (cpra), on the eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase activity. eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase activity was determined by measuring the resistance of transformants against some eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase inhibitors (dmis). dmis are widely used as fungicides in crop ... | 1996 | 8879162 |
| isolation and molecular characterisation of the gene encoding eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase (cyp51) from penicillium italicum. | the cyp51 gene encoding eburicol 14 alpha-demethylase (p450(14dm)) was cloned from a genomic library of the filamentous fungal plant pathogen penicillium italicum, by heterologous hybridisation with the corresponding gene encoding lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase from the yeast candida tropicalis. the nucleotide sequence of a 1739-bp genomic fragment and the corresponding cdna clone comprises an open reading frame (orf) of 1545 bp, encoding a protein of 515 amino acids with a predicted molecular ... | 1996 | 8628233 |
| biocontrol of mold growth in high-moisture wheat stored under airtight conditions by pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | pichia anomala inhibits the growth of penicillium roqueforti and aspergillus candidus on agar. in this investigation, antagonistic activity on agar against 17 mold species was determined. the abilities of pichia anomala, pichia guilliermondii, and saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibit the growth of the mold penicillium roqueforti in nonsterile high-moisture wheat were compared by adding 10(3) penicillium roqueforti spores and different amounts of yeast cells per gram of wheat. inoculated grain was ... | 1995 | 7793907 |
| residues of the quinone outside inhibitor fungicide trifloxystrobin after postharvest dip treatments to control penicillium spp. on citrus fruit. | the effectiveness of postharvest dip treatment with trifloxystrobin (tfx) or imazalil (imz) was compared for controlling green and blue mold (caused by penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum, respectively) of citrus fruit. residues retained by fruit were determined as a function of treatment time, dip temperature, and storage conditions. trials on 'avana apireno' mandarin oranges artificially inoculated with p. digitatum or p. italicum revealed that treatments with 200 to 600 mg/liter ac ... | 2006 | 16865899 |
| toxicity of penicillium italicum to laboratory animals. | | 1981 | 7262743 |
| antimicrobial activity of catechol and pyrogallol as allelochemicals. | catechol and pyrogallol are allelochemicals which belong to phenolic compounds synthesized in plants. their antimicrobial activities were investigated on three bacteria (pseudomonas putida, pseudomonas pyocyanea, corynebacterium xerosis) and two fungi (fusarium oxysporum, penicillium italicum) phytopathogenic species as test organisms using the disc diffusion method. both catechol and pyrogallol were found to have antibacterial effects on all the bacteria used in the study at 5 and 10 mm concent ... | 2006 | 17137106 |
| photochemical interaction of dictamnine, a furoquinoline alkaloid, with fungal dna. | the furoquinoline alkaloid dictamnine has been shown to provoke lethal damage to filamentous fungi in near ultraviolet light. the phototoxicity was more pronounced against mucor hiemalis and mucor ramannianus than against fusarium graminearum and penicillium italicum. in vitro, labeled dictamnine was shown to form covalent monoadducts with purified dna from m. hiemalis in the presence of long-wave ultraviolet light. addition of [3h]dictamnine to cultures of the same organism showed photobinding ... | 1982 | 7104872 |
| the chemical composition of the cell walss of penicillium digitatum sacc. and penicillium italicum whem. | | 1968 | 5653226 |
| [effect of benlate on the physiology and mycelian composition of penicillium italicum]. | | 1972 | 5034443 |
| [effect of the incubation temperature on the growth and spore formation of penicillium italicum and rhizopus nigricans treated with ionizing radiations]. | | 1973 | 4777355 |
| development and antifungal evaluation of a food-grade u-type microemulsion. | food-grade microemulsions have been of increasing interest to researchers as potential delivery systems for bioactive compounds. however, food-grade microemulsions are difficult to formulate and no microemulsion has been documented for antifungal purpose. the physicochemical characterization of a food-grade glycerol monolaurate (gml)/ethanol (etoh)/tween 80/potassium sorbate (ps)/water microemulsion system and the antifungal activities against aspergillus niger and penicillium italicum have been ... | 2008 | 18422551 |
| formation of diketopiperazines by penicillium italicum isolated from oranges. | prolyl-2-(1',1'-dimethylallyl)tryptophyldiketopiperazine and 12,13-dehydroprolyl-2-(1',1'-dimethylallyl)tryptophyldiketopiperazine, known metabolites of aspergillus ustus, were produced in low yield by penicillium italicum in liquid culture and on unsterilized orange peel. | 1974 | 4441068 |
| synergistic effect of fungicides on resistant strains of penicillium italicum and penicillium digitatum. | in vitro and in vivo tests were carried out to study the inhibitory effect of mixtures of sodium orthophenylphenate, methyl-1-(butyl-carbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole ('benomyl') and sodium orthophenylphenate, 2-(4-thiazolil)-benzimidazole ('thiabendazole') on growth of strains of penicillium italicum and p. digitatum resistant to sodium orthophenylphenate, 'benomyl' and 'thiabendazole'. 'in vitro' tests showed a synergistic effect of the mixtures; 10 ppm of sodium orthophenylphenate and 10 ppm of the ... | 1988 | 3275313 |
| antimicrobial activity of some macrophytes from lake manzalah (egypt). | the antimicrobial activities of aqueous and organic solvents (chloroform, ethanol and methanol) extracts of four plants ceratophyllum demersum l., eichhornia crassipes, potamogeton crispus and potamogeton pectinatus were tested in vitro against seventeen different microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. nine of these identified organisms were obtained from different sources, bacillus subtilis 1020, bacillus cereus 1080, staphylococcus aureus, erwinia carotovo ... | 2008 | 19205264 |
| inhibition of some mycotoxigenic fungi by iturin a, a peptidolipid produced by bacillus subtilis. | bacillus subtilis produces peptidolipid compounds of the iturin group that have been shown to have antifungal properties, but not all fungal species are sensitive to these compounds. in this study, the activity of iturin a, produced by b. subtilis strain b-3, was tested. paper disks impregnated with various concentrations of iturin a were placed on agar plates seeded with conidia of toxigenic species of fusarium, gerlacia, penicillium or aspergillus. most isolates were inhibited at iturin a conc ... | 1991 | 1780001 |
| derepression of beta-1,3-glucanases in penicillium italicum: localization of the various enzymes and correlation with cell wall glucan mobilization and autolysis. | the localization of the derepressible beta-1,3-glucanases of penicillium italicum and the cell wall autolysis under conditions of beta-1,3-glucanase derepression (24 h in a low-glucose medium) were studied. about 15% of the total activity was secreted into the culture medium during the 24-h period and consisted of similar amounts of each of the three beta-1,3-glucanases (i, ii, iii) produced by this species. treatment of derepressed mycelia with periplasmic enzyme-inactivating agents resulted in ... | 1979 | 762023 |
| characterization and synthesis regulation of penicillium italicum 1,6-beta-glucanase. | the filamentous fungus penicillium italicum when grown in a synthetic medium, produced and secreted 1,6-beta-glucanase into the culture medium. this enzyme has been partially purified by gel filtration. after this step the active fractions were free of 1,3-beta-glucanase, alpha-amylase and beta-glucosidase activities. only four proteins, one associated with the enzyme, were found by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non denaturing conditions. the enzyme behaves as an acidic protein (pi 4. ... | 1979 | 42370 |
| [the assessment of the sensitivity of environmental fungi to urea phosphate]. | in this paper the authors presented the influence of various urea phosphate doses, 1-12%, on the environmental fungi growth depending on its intensity and the type of created spore e.g. (penicillium italicum, aspergillusfumigatus, aspergillus niger, cladosporium resinae, mucor hiemalis i rhizopus nigricans). the result of urea phosphate effect on fungi was estimated by static culture method using dry mass increase change [g. dry mass/ldm3]. the control was created by the growth of the above ment ... | 2004 | 15732502 |
| synthesis of some novel 6-benzyl(or substituted benzyl)-2-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazines as potential antimicrobial chemotherapeutics. | glucosidation of the new 8-amino-6-benzyl(or substituted benzyl)-2,8-dihydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazin-7(3h)-ones (3a-d) with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl bromide 4 gave the corresponding n-glucosides 5a-d. chemical transformations leading to new functionalities have also been achieved to give compounds 7-12. antimicrobial activity of compounds 5a-c against aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium italicum, syncephalastrum racemosum, candida albicans, staphylococcus aureus, ... | 2004 | 15628747 |
| properties of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein isolated from 'oroblanco' grapefruit. | polygalacturonase inhibiting protein (pgip) was extracted from 'oroblanco' grapefruit type (triploid pummelo-grapefruit) albedo tissue, purified and partially characterized. extraction was carried out at 4 degrees c with a high ionic strength extraction buffer. after dialysis and concentration by ultrafiltration the extract was chromatographed on concanavalin a-sepharose. the pgip activity was bound by the lectin and then eluted using 250 mm alpha-methyl mannopyranoside, resulting in a 17-fold p ... | 2004 | 15032836 |
| antifungal activity of eugenol against penicillium, aspergillus, and fusarium species. | the antifungal activity of eugenol in a model system against aspergilli (aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, and emericella nidulans), penicilli (penicillium expansum, penicillium glabrum, and penicillium italicum), and fusaria (fusarium oxysporum and fusarium avenaceum) was investigated. minimum detection time (time to attain a colony diameter of 1 cm) and the kinetic parameters were evaluated. the effectiveness of the active compound seemed to be strain or genus dependent; 100 mg/liter rep ... | 2010 | 20537272 |
| an attempt of postharvest orange fruit rot control using essential oils from mediterranean plants. | twelve essential oils from mediterranean aromatic plants were tested at different doses against four fungi known as causal agents of post-harvest orange fruit rot: botrytis cinerea, penicillium italicum, phytophthora citrophthora, and rhizopus stolonifer. essential oils were obtained from hyssopus officinalis, lavandula angustifolia, majorana hortensis, melissa officinalis, ocimum basilicum, origanum vulgare, salvia officinalis, and thymus vulgaris (family lamiaceae), verbena officinalis (family ... | 2010 | 20874226 |
| inhibition of citrus postharvest pathogens by vapor of citral and related compounds in culture. | the vapors of citral, its isomers geranial and neral, and its related compounds were examined for their effect on penicillium digitatum, penicillium italicum, and geotrichum candidum, the major fungi responsible for postharvest spoilage of citrus. vapor of citral and its two isomers generated from 15 microl l(-1) aqueous solutions in petri dishes inhibited development of the three pathogens, with concentrations of 2-6 microl l(-1) also being effective against p. italicum. vapors of citral and ge ... | 2003 | 12696950 |
| inhibition of penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum in vitro and in planta with panomycocin, a novel exo-β-1,3-glucanase isolated from pichia anomala ncyc 434. | panomycocin, a novel exo-beta 1,3 glucanase, was tested as an antifungal agent against green and blue mold diseases, the most important causes of post harvest decay in citrus fruits. all tested isolates of penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum were susceptible to panomycocin in vitro. effective panomycocin concentrations for 50% growth inhibition (mic-2) for p. digitatum and p. italicum were 2 and 1 microg ml(-1), respectively. complete (mic-0) growth inhibition of all isolates observed ... | 2010 | 21076971 |
| effect of water activity and temperature on germination and growth of penicillium digitatum, p. italicum and geotrichum candidum. | this study compares the effect of temperature (4-37 degrees c) and water activity (aw: 0.99-0.87) and their interactions on the germination rates, lag times prior to germination and mycelial growth 'in vitro' of penicillium digitatum, p. italicum and geotrichum candidum, the main postharvest pathogens affecting citrus fruits. | 2003 | 12631189 |
| evaluation of food additives and low-toxicity compounds as alternative chemicals for the control of penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum on citrus fruit. | the effectiveness of low-toxicity chemicals as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the control of post-harvest green and blue moulds of citrus was evaluated. a preliminary selection of chemicals, mostly common food additives, was made through in vivo primary screenings with oranges artificially inoculated with penicillium digitatum or p italicum. selected compounds and mixtures were tested as heated solutions in small-scale trials. immersion of artificially inoculated oranges or le ... | 2002 | 11997972 |
| antifungal properties of wheat histones (h1-h4) and purified wheat histone h1. | wheat ( triticum spp.) histones h1, h2, h3, and h4 were extracted, and h1 was further purified. the effect of these histones on specific fungi that may or may not be pathogenic to wheat was determined. these fungi included aspergillus flavus , aspergillus fumigatus , aspergillus niger , fusarium oxysporum , fusarium verticillioides , fusarium solani , fusarium graminearum , penicillium digitatum , penicillium italicum , and greeneria uvicola . non-germinated and germinating conidia of these fung ... | 2011 | 21595494 |
| Essential oil from Ocimum basilicum (Omani Basil): a desert crop. | The focus of the present study was on the influence of season on yield, chemical composition, antioxidant and antifungal activities of Omani basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil. The present study involved only one of the eight Omani basil varieties. The hydro-distilled essential oil yields were computed to be 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.1% in the winter, spring and summer seasons, respectively. The major components identified were L- linalool (26.5-56.3%), geraniol (12.1-16.5%), 1,8-cineole (2.5-15.1%), p-allylan ... | 2011 | 22164790 |
| supramolecular coordination and antimicrobial activities of constructed mixed ligand complexes. | a novel series of copper(ii) and palladium(ii) with 4-derivatives benzaldehyde pyrazolone (l(n)) were synthesized. the mixed ligand complexes were prepared by using 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) as second ligand. the structure of these complexes was identified and confirm by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, uv-vis, ir and (1)h nmr spectroscopy and magnetic moment measurements as well as thermal analysis. the ligand behaves as a neutral bidentate ligand through on donor sites. esr spectra sho ... | 2012 | 23268204 |
| detection of fungal infectous agent of wheat grains in store-pits of markazi province, iran. | wheat is an economic and important crop that provides approximately 20% of food calorie in the world. it is first crop in iran and cultivated in the most areas of this country. store-pit fungi make undesirable changes in quality and appearance of wheat grains. even, some fungi produce different mycotoxins which are toxic to human and livestock's that use wheat grains as source of food. in this study, several samples were randomly collected from each of five store-pits located in different areas ... | 2004 | 15756837 |
| sodium carbonate treatment induces scoparone accumulation, structural changes, and alkalinization in the albedo of wounded citrus fruits. | following sodium carbonate treatment, accumulation of scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) but not scopoletin (6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) was found in the albedo of wounded fruit from different citrus sp. and cultivars. treating wounded mandarin fruit cv. fairchild with 5% na(2)co(3) (sc) lead to a scoparone accumulation in the albedo of 310, 361, and 382 microg g(-1) fresh weight after 7, 10, and 15 days, respectively. scoparone accumulation was associated with a decrease in decay severity. when ... | 2005 | 15853395 |
| antifungal cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a. | a bioassay-guided fractionation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain bo5a afforded the isolation of two new cyclic lipopeptides (1 and 2) as the major lipid constituents (>60%) of the chcl3-meoh (2:1) extract. the chemical structures of the isolated metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ms), secondary ion mass spectrometry (ms1, ms2), and chemical degradation. the compounds are members of the surfactins family and are based ... | 2013 | 24164115 |
| residue level, persistence, and storage performance of citrus fruit treated with fludioxonil. | the potential of postharvest dip treatments with fludioxonil (flu) (a synthetic analogue of the bacterial metabolite of pyrrolnitrin), in controlling postharvest decay caused by penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum of citrus fruit was investigated in comparison with the conventional fungicide imazalil (imz). the ultrastructural changes of fruit epicuticular wax was investigated as a function of water dip temperature, and the possible role of these changes was related to residue accumul ... | 2005 | 16104790 |
| influence of substituent effects on spectroscopic properties and antimicrobial activity of 5-(4'-substituted phenylazo)-2-thioxothiazolidinone derivatives. | 5-(4'-substituted phenylazo)-2-thioxothiazolidinone derivatives (hl(n)) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectra (ir, electronic and (1)h nmr). the ir spectral data indicate that the compounds can exist in two resonance structures. the synthesized ligands were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacterial species, two gram positive bacteria (bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus) and two gram negative bacteria (escherichia coli and klebsiella ... | 2013 | 22968655 |
| the effect of locust bean gum (lbg)-based edible coatings carrying biocontrol yeasts against penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum causal agents of postharvest decay of mandarin fruit. | strains belonging to wickerhamomyces anomalus, metschnikowia pulcherrima and aureobasidium pullulans species were tested in vitro as biocontrol agents (bcas) against the post-harvest pathogenic molds penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum. moreover, studies aimed at screening the antifungal activity of selected yeast strains in vivo conditions against p. digitatum and p. italicum, and investigated the efficacy of a polysaccharidic matrix, locust bean gum (lbg), enriched with the tested b ... | 2016 | 27217363 |
| activity of flavanones isolated from rhododendron hainanense against plant pathogenic fungi. | in a search for naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds in medicinal plants and herbs, seven flavanones were isolated from the aerial parts of rhododendron hainanense and were tested for their antimicrobial activities against six bacteria and six plant pathogenic fungi. within the series of flavanones tested, farrerol (1) displayed moderate antibacterial activities against bacillus cereus, b. subtilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and erwinia carotovora, wi ... | 2016 | 27319130 |
| synthesis of some new 1,3/ or 1,4-bis(glucopyranosyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)propanes/ or butanes as potential antimicrobial agents. | glucosidation of the appropriate 1,3 or 1,4-bis(4-amino or arylideneamino-2,4-dihydro-3-thioxo-3h-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)propanes or butanes with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl bromide followed by chromatographic separation gave the corresponding n-, s-, and n,s-bis(glucosides). chemical transformation leading to new functionalities has been achieved. antimicrobial screening of 10 selected compounds resulted in their activity against aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium italicum, sy ... | 2005 | 16252672 |
| potential for development of tolerance by penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum after repeated exposure to potassium sorbate. | two strains of penicillium digitatum and one strain of penicillium italicum were exposed to various levels of sorbic acid and potassium sorbate, and the mics were determined. selected strains of the molds were then repeatedly exposed to subinhibitory levels of the compounds to determine whether increased tolerance might develop. the mic of sorbic acid (ph 4.75) to p. digitatum was between 0.02 and 0.025%. the mic of sorbate (ph 5.5) to two strains of p. digitatum and p. italicum was found to be ... | 1985 | 16346920 |
| pectin lyase activity in a penicillium italicum strain. | an extracellular pectin lyase (pnl) [poly-(methoxygalacturonide)lyase; ec 4.2.2.10] produced by penicillium italicum cect 2294 grown on a surface bran (natural medium) or in a submerged (synthetic medium) culture was investigated. both culture filtrates showed macerating activity at low ph on cucumber, potato, and orange tissues. the physicochemical properties of the enzyme obtained from both culture methods were identical, as well as its catalytic properties, which were assayed by different met ... | 1990 | 16348377 |
| a novel and effective streptomyces sp. n2 against various phytopathogenic fungi. | phytopathogenic fungi would induce a variety of plant diseases, resulting in a severe reduction of agricultural output. however, the current plant disease control is mainly dependent on the environmentally and healthily hazardous chemical fungicides. thus, the present work aimed to isolate an effective antagonistic microorganism against various soilborne phytopathogenic fungi. by dual culture with rhizoctonia solani, a novel streptomyces specie, streptomyces sp. n2, was screened out from a total ... | 2015 | 26306529 |
| residue levels and effectiveness of pyrimethanil vs imazalil when using heated postharvest dip treatments for control of penicillium decay on citrus fruit. | the influence of fungicide concentration and treatment temperature on residue levels of pyrimethanil (pyr) in comparison with the commonly used fungicide imazalil (imz) was investigated in orange fruits following postharvest dip treatments. the dissipation rate of pyr residues was recorded as a function of storage conditions. the fungicide efficacy against green and blue molds caused by penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum, respectively, was evaluated on different citrus varieties foll ... | 2006 | 16787020 |
| efficient synthesis, structure, and antimicrobial activity of some novel n- and s-beta-d-glucosides of 5-pyridin-3-yl-1,2,4-triazoles. | glucosidation of some 4-amino- and 4-arylideneamino-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazole-3-thiones with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl bromide followed by chromatographic separation gave the corresponding n- and s-beta-d-glucosides. the structure of these two regiosiomers was established chemically and spectroscopically. deamination as well as deacetylation of some selected nucleosides have been achieved. antimicrobial screening of 14 selected compounds resulted in their ... | 2006 | 16839524 |
| in vitro effects of water activity, temperature and solutes on the growth rate of p. italicum wehmer and p. digitatum sacc. | to evaluate the effect of water activity (a(w) 0.98-0.89, adjusted with glycerol, sorbitol, glucose, or nacl) and temperature (5-25 degrees c) on the lag phase and radial growth rate (mm day(-1)) of the important citrus spoilage fungi, such as penicillium italicum and penicillium digitatum grown in potato dextrose agar (pda) medium. to select, among models based on the use of different solutes, a model fitting accurately the growth of these species in relation to a(w) and temperature. | 2006 | 16907813 |
| antifungal indole alkaloids from winchia calophylla. | ten indole alkaloids (1-10) were obtained from an antifungal extract of winchia calophylla, of which two (2 and 4) were new. n(4)-methyl-10-hydroxyl-desacetylakuammilin (2) was an akuammiline-type indole alkaloid. n(1)-methyl-echitaminic acid (4) was an unusual zwitterion with a basic vincorine-type skeleton. this is the first report of 10 in w. calophylla. the structures of all of the compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data, and their bioactivities were assessed. compound 1 showed ... | 2016 | 27002397 |
| n- and s-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. first synthesis and biological evaluation. | first synthesis of n- and s-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles is described. antimicrobial screening of two selected regioisomeric compounds against aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium italicum, syncephalastrum racemosum, candida albicans, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli are compared. | 2007 | 17408811 |
| novel simple efficient synthetic approach toward 6-substituted-2h-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole-3-thiones and first synthesis and biological evaluation of n-and s-beta-d-glucosides of the[1,2,4]triazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole ring system. | novel simple and efficient synthetic approach for the synthesis of 6-substituted-2h-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole-3-thiones is described. glucosidation of these novel bases with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl bromide followed by chromatographic separation gave the corresponding n-and s-ss-d-glucosides. the structure of these two regiosiomers was established chemically and spectroscopically. antimicrobial screening of two selected regioisomeric compounds against aspergil ... | 2007 | 17479431 |
| first synthesis and antimicrobial activity of n- and s-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl-1,2,4-triazoles. | arabinosylation of some 4-amino- and 4-arylideneamino-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazole-3-thiones with 2,3,4-tri-o-acetyl-beta-l-arabinopyranosyl bromide led to an efficient synthetic approach to the corresponding n-and s-alpha-l-arabinopyranosides. structure assignment of these two regiosiomers was based on chemical and spectroscopic evidences. antimicrobial activities of two selected regioisomeric n-and s-alpha-l-arabinopyranosides were compared. the n-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside sho ... | 2007 | 17479432 |
| a biosorption system for metal ions on penicillium italicum-loaded on sepabeads sp 70 prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. | a solid phase extraction (spe) preconcentration system, coupled to a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (faas), was developed for the determination of copper(ii), cadmium(ii), lead(ii), manganese(ii), iron(iii), nickel(ii) and cobalt(ii) ions at the microg l(-1) levels on penicillium italicum-loaded on sepabeads sp 70. the analytes were adsorbed on biosorbent at the ph range of 8.5-9.5. the adsorbed metals were eluted with 1 mol l(-1) hcl. the influences of the various analytical parameters in ... | 2008 | 17825983 |
| antifungal effect of gaseous nitric oxide on mycelium growth, sporulation and spore germination of the postharvest horticulture pathogens, aspergillus niger, monilinia fructicola and penicillium italicum. | to evaluate the antifungal activity of nitric oxide (no) against the growth of the postharvest horticulture pathogens aspergillus niger, monilinia fructicola and penicillium italicum under in vitro conditions. | 2008 | 18444976 |
| inhibition of penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum by hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-lipid edible composite films containing food additives with antifungal properties. | new hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (hpmc)-lipid edible composite films containing low-toxicity chemicals with antifungal properties were developed. tested chemicals were mainly salts of organic acids, salts of parabens, and mineral salts, classified as food additives or generally recognized as safe (gras) compounds. selected films containing food preservatives were used for in vitro evaluation (disk diameter test) of their antifungal activity against penicillium digitatum (pd) and penicillium ita ... | 2008 | 19012404 |
| anti-fungal activity of citrus reticulata blanco essential oil against penicillium italicum and penicillium digitatum. | the chemical composition of citrus reticulata blanco essential oil was analysed using gc/ms. monoterpene hydrocarbons (c10h16) constituted the majority (88.96%, w/w) of the total oil. the oils dose-dependently inhibited penicillium italicum and penicillium digitatum. the anti-fungal activity of the oils against p. italicum was attributed to citronellol, octanal, citral, decanal, nonanal, β-pinene, linalool, and γ-terpinene, whereas anti-fungal activity against p. digitatum is attributed to octan ... | 2014 | 24491729 |
| curative and preventive activity of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-lipid edible composite coatings containing antifungal food additives to control citrus postharvest green and blue molds. | edible composite coatings based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (hpmc), lipid components (beeswax and shellac), and food preservatives with antifungal properties were evaluated in vivo on clementine mandarins cv. clemenules, hybrid mandarins cv. ortanique, and oranges cv. valencia. their curative and preventive activity against citrus postharvest green (gm) and blue molds (bm), caused by penicillium digitatum (pd) or penicillium italicum (pi), respectively, were determined. fruits were artifici ... | 2009 | 19256514 |
| use of the weibull model to describe inactivation of dry-harvested conidia of different penicillium species by ethanol vapours. | this study aimed at modelling the effect of ethanol vapours, in the range 0.7-7.5 kpa, on the inactivation of dry-harvested conidia of penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum. | 2010 | 20070448 |
| identification and antifungal activity of compounds from the mangrove endophytic fungus aspergillus clavatus r7. | two new coumarin derivatives, 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-dimethyl-7,7'-oxydicoumarin (1), 7-(γ,γ-dimethylallyloxy)-5-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (2), a new chromone derivative, (s)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4h-furo[3,4-g]benzopyran-4,8(6h)-dione (5), and a new sterone derivative, 24-hydroxylergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (6), along with two known bicoumarins, kotanin (3) and orlandin (4), were isolated from an endophytic fungus aspergillusclavatus (collection no. r7), isolated from the root of myoporum b ... | 2017 | 28825634 |
| treatments with acetic acid followed by curing reduce postharvest decay on citrus fruit. | citrus fruit are susceptible to many postharvest diseases and disorders, but penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum are the most common and serious pathogens during storage and marketing. the continuous employ in packing houses of synthetic fungicides such as imazalil (imz) or thiabendazote for the control of these pathogens is promoting the selection of resistant biotypes. these considerations together with an increased attention for human health and the environment have multiplied the ... | 2009 | 20222556 |
| efficient synthesis of novel 1,2,4-triazole fused acyclic and 21-28 membered macrocyclic and/or lariat macrocyclic oxaazathia crown compounds with potential antimicrobial activity. | versatile simple efficient routes with good to excellent yields towards different functionalized 1,ω-bis(1,2,4-triazoles), 21-28 membered 1,2,4-triazole fused macrocyclic and/or lariat macrocyclic oxaazathia crown schiff bases and/or amines have been investigated. antimicrobial screening of some selected compounds revealed different inhibitory effects against aspergillus fumigatus rcmb 002008 (1), penicillium italicum rcmb 001018 (1), syncephalastrum racemosum rcmb 016001 candida albicans rcmb 0 ... | 2010 | 20875694 |
| evaluation of three essential oils as potential sources of botanical fungicides. | in previous study, thirty essential oils were evaluated in vitro against two citrus pathogens namely penicillium italicum wehmer and penicillium digitatum sacc. essential oils of cinnamomum zeylanicum, cinnamomum verum and eugenia caryophyllus were selected because of their high inhibitory activities against both pathogens. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo activity of these essential oils. fresh orange fruits were wounded and treated with different concentrations of essen ... | 2010 | 21534459 |
| effect of antifungal hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-lipid edible composite coatings on penicillium decay development and postharvest quality of cold-stored "ortanique" mandarins. | edible composite coatings based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (hpmc), hydrophobic components (beeswax and shellac), and food preservatives with antifungal properties were evaluated on "ortanique" mandarins during long-term cold storage. selected food preservatives included potassium sorbate (ps), sodium benzoate (sb), sodium propionate (sp), and their mixtures. intact mandarins or mandarins artificially inoculated with the pathogens penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum, the causal a ... | 2010 | 21535515 |
| synthesis of oxylipin mimics and their antifungal activity against the citrus postharvest pathogens. | nine oxylipin mimics were designed and synthesized starting from d-mannose. their antifungal activity against three citrus postharvest pathogens was evaluated by spore germination assay. the results indicated that all the compounds significantly inhibited the growth of penicillium digitatum, penicillium italicum and aspergillus niger. the compound (3z,6z,8s,9r,10r)-octadeca-3,6-diene-8,9,10-triol (3) exhibited excellent inhibitory effect on both penicillium digitatum (ic50 = 34 ppm) and penicill ... | 2016 | 26907241 |
| an antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide on the postharvest pathogens aspergillus niger and penicillium italicum. | in this research, the antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide (h2s) on the postharvest pathogens aspergillus niger and penicillium italicum growing on fruits and under culture conditions on defined media was investigated. our results show that h2s, released by sodium hydrosulfide (nahs) effectively reduced the postharvest decay of fruits induced by a. niger and p. italicum. furthermore, h2s inhibited spore germination, germ tube elongation, mycelial growth, and produced abnormal mycelial contraction ... | 2014 | 25101960 |
| spirostane, furostane and cholestane saponins from persian leek with antifungal activity. | a phytochemical investigation of the seeds of persian leek afforded the isolation of two new spirostane glycosides, persicosides a (1) and b (2), four new furostane glycosides, isolated as a couple of inseparable mixture, persicosides c1/c2 (3a/3b) and d1/d2 (4a/4b), one cholestane glycoside, persicoside e (5), together with the furostane glycosides ceposides a1/a2 and c1/c2 (6a/6b and 7a/7b), tropeosides a1/a2 and b1/b2 (8a/8b and 9a/9b), and ascalonicoside a1/a2 (10a/10b), already described in ... | 2013 | 23790946 |
| in vitro control of post-harvest fruit rot fungi by some plant essential oil components. | eight substances that are main components of the essential oils from three mediterranean aromatic plants (verbena officinalis, thymus vulgaris and origanum vulgare), previously found active against some phytopathogenic fungi and stramenopila, have been tested in vitro against five etiological agents of post-harvest fruit decay, botrytis cinerea, penicillium italicum, p. expansum, phytophthora citrophthora and rhizopus stolonifer. the tested compounds were β-fellandrene, β-pinene, camphene, carva ... | 2012 | 22408454 |
| optimization of a protective medium for freeze-dried pichia membranifaciens and application of this biocontrol agent on citrus fruit. | to optimize a protective medium for freeze-dried pichia membranifaciens and to evaluate biocontrol efficacies of agents against blue and green mould and anthracnose in citrus fruit. | 2016 | 26972894 |
| antifungal activities of crude extractum from camellia semiserrata chi (nanshancha) seed cake against colletotrichum musae, colletotrichum gloeosporioides and penicillium italicum in vitro and in vivo fruit test. | antifungal activities of crude extractum of nanshancha seed cake (nsc), to inactivate postharvest pathogens were investigated. highest inhibitory rate was found against c. musae, c. gloeosporioides and c. papaya p.henn, which was much stronger than that by tea saponin. compared to tea saponin, effects of nsc extractum was relatively weak and similar on c. gloeosporioides penzig and p. italicum. in an in vivo study, best controlling effects by nsc extractum was found with banana anthracnose disea ... | 2015 | 26674222 |
| semi-synthesis of new antimicrobial esters from the natural oleanolic and maslinic acids. | in this article, we report an effective procedure for the selective isolation of oleanolic acid 1 and maslinic acid 2 (3.4 and 8.5mg/g dw, respectively) from pomace olive (olea europaea l.) using an ultrasonic bath, and the synthesis of a series of new triterpenic acid esters. the compounds were characterized by their spectral data and were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. among the compounds tested, those having sulfur and chlorine atoms were found to be antibacterial. they showed ac ... | 2015 | 25863603 |
| characterization of three linalool synthase genes from citrus unshiu marc. and analysis of linalool-mediated resistance against xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and penicilium italicum in citrus leaves and fruits. | three cdna clones from satsuma mandarin (citrus unshiu marc.) were isolated and expressed in escherichia coli. custs3-1 and custs3-2 encode linalool synthases and custs4 encodes a nerolidol/linalool synthase. transcripts of custs3-1, custs3-2 and custs4 were abundant in young fruit at 60 days after flowering (daf), flowers and leaves, respectively. treatments with xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (xcc), the causal agent of citrus canker and penicillium italicum (pi), the cause of post-harvest frui ... | 2014 | 25443842 |
| correlation between ionic radii of metals and thermal decomposition of supramolecular structure of azodye complexes. | an interesting azodye heterocyclic ligand of copper(ii), cobalt(ii), nickel(ii) and uranyl(ii) complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of metal salts with 5-(2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one azo)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone (hl) yields 1:1 and 1:2 (m:l) complexes depending on the reaction conditions. the elemental analysis, magnetic moments, spectral (uv-vis, ir, (1)h and (13)c nmr and esr) and thermal studies were used to characterize the isolated complexes. the molecular structures of ... | 2015 | 25150428 |
| phototoxicity ofcitrus jambhiri to fungi under enhanced uv-b radiation: role of furanocoumarins. | extracts ofcitrus jambhiri foliage exposed to and shielded from uv-b radiation were assayed for phytochemical changes and phototoxicity against four fungal pathogens, two of which (fusarium solani andf. oxysporum) are causative agents of root rots and two of which (penicillium italicum andp. digitatum) are associated with fruit rots. conidial pigment mutants of these four fungal species were assayed to determine whether pigments play a role in protecting fungi against plant photosensitizers. exp ... | 1993 | 24248778 |
| phenylethanol promotes adhesion and biofilm formation of the antagonistic yeast kloeckera apiculata for the control of blue mold on citrus. | the yeast kloeckera apiculata strain 34-9 is an antagonist with biological control activity against postharvest diseases of citrus fruit. in a previous study it was demonstrated that k. apiculata produced the aromatic alcohol phenylethanol. in the present study, we found that k. apiculata was able to form biofilm on citrus fruit and embed in an extracellular matrix, which created a mechanical barrier interposed between the wound surface and pathogen. as a quorum-sensing molecule, phenylethanol c ... | 2014 | 24479773 |
| effect of cd⁺² on phosphate solubilizing abilities and hydrogen peroxide production of soil-borne micromycetes isolated from phragmites australis-rhizosphere. | the aims of this work were to evaluate the phosphate-solubilization and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) production by the soil-borne micromycetes, aspergillus japonicus, penicillium italicum and penicillium dipodomyicola, isolated from phragmites australis rhizosphere and to study the effect of several concentrations of cadmium (cd(2+)) on both variables. our results showed that p. italicum achieved a higher p-solubilization and h2o2 production than a. japonicus and p. dipodomyicola, as only p. italicu ... | 2016 | 26646403 |
| the ability of the antagonist yeast pichia guilliermondii strain z1 to suppress green mould infection in citrus fruit. | in previous studies it was shown that pichia guilliermondii strain z1, isolated from healthy moroccan citrus valencia-late oranges, was effective against penicillium italicum. here the effectiveness of strain z1 was assessed against penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of green mould, under different temperature (5-25°c) and relative humidity (rh) (45-100%) regimes for its reliable and large-scale application in packinghouse. all main effects and interactions were significant (p<0.0001). in t ... | 2014 | 27800373 |
| biological control of penicillium italicum, p. digitatum and p. expansum by the predacious yeast saccharomycopsis schoenii on oranges. | in this study we evaluated the ability of saccharomycopsis schoenii nadson and krassiln (uwo-ps 80-91) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic filamentous fungi p. expansum link (ufmg 01-2002), p. italicum wehmer (lcp 61.1199), and p. digitatum (pers.: fr.) (lcp 984263, lcp 68175 and lcp 4354). s. schoenii was able to reduce disease severity in oranges inoculated with all fungi. among the phytopathogens, p. digitatum lcp4354 was the most virulent whereas p. digitatum lcp 68175 was the most ... | 2008 | 24031185 |
| in vitro and in vivo activity of essential oils against major postharvest pathogens of kinnow (citrus nobilis × c. deliciosa) mandarin. | the present study envisages the influence of essential oils namely lemon grass, eucalyptus, clove and neem on kinnow mandarin with the objective to combat major post harvest diseases and to prolong its availability for longer time in the season. for this, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. poisoned food technique was used for in vitro studies, and for in vivo studies, kinnow fruit were pre-inoculated with pathogens (penicillium digitatum and p. italicum), treated with different essenti ... | 2015 | 25829604 |
| a facile synthesis, structure, and antimicrobial evaluation of novel 4-arylhydrazono-5-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dihydropyrazol-3-ones, their n- and n,o-bis-beta-d-glucosides. | synthesis of some novel 4-arylhydrazono-5-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dihydropyrazol-3-ones, their n- and n,o-bis- beta-d-glucosides is described. antimicrobial evaluation of eight selected compounds against aspergillus fumigatus rcmb 002008 (1), penicillium italicum rcmb 001018 (1), syncephalastrum racemosum rcmb 016001, candida albicans rcmb 005003, staphylococcus aureus rcmb 106-001 (1), pseudomonas aeruginosa rcmb 102-002, bacillus subtilis rcmb 101-001, and escherichiacoli rcmb 103-001 has been ach ... | 2009 | 19570527 |
| synergistic antifungal activity of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and cupric sulfate against penicillium digitatum. | oxidizing compounds such as sodium hypochlorite (nacio) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) are widely used in food sanitization because of their antimicrobial effects. we applied these compounds and metals to analyze their antifungal activity against penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of citrus green mold. the mics were 300 ppm for naclo and 300 mm for h2o2 when these compounds were individually applied for 2 min to conidia suspensions. to minimize the concentration of these compounds, we develop ... | 2009 | 19722397 |
| preparation of fungal conidia impacts their susceptibility to inactivation by ethanol vapours. | a common protocol employed for the preparation of conidia employs flooding a fungal colony grown on semi-solid media under optimum conditions with an aqueous solution. in contrast, conidia produced in a natural environment are usually not hydrated when disseminated in air and can be produced under water stress. in order to simulate the latter conditions, cultures were grown at different water activities and conidia were dry-harvested on the lid by turning the dishes upside-down then gently tappi ... | 2009 | 19762103 |
| antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized by fatsia japonica leaf extracts for preservation of citrus fruits. | due to their potent antimicrobial activity, silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized by biomass might be promising in food preservation, whereas effects of agnps on penicillium italicum-induced rot of citrus fruits have not been investigated. in this study, a novel agnps biosynthesis method was developed based on fatsia japonica leaf extracts. it was revealed that concentrations of leaf extracts, agno3 and nacl affected agnps yields and particle sizes obviously. under the optimized conditions (8 ... | 2017 | 28727146 |
| the effects of essential oils carvacrol and thymol on growth of penicillium digitatum and p. italicum involved in lemon decay. | in this work the antifungal efficacy of thymol, carvacrol and the mixture of both pure essential oils has been proved against penicillium digitatum and penicillium italicum, by using in vitro (liquid media, pda plates and disk growth) and in vivo (lemon) tests. results indicated that both essential oils were effective in inhibiting fungal growth in all in vitro tests, with the highest efficacy displayed by thymol. in addition, the application of wax with thymol and carvacrol to lemons inoculated ... | 2012 | 22831817 |