| survey of birds and lizards for ixodid ticks (acari) and spirochetal infection in northern california. | a total of 138 birds (24 species) was captured in an oak woodland between december 1988 and june 1989 at the university of california, sierra foothill range field station, yuba county, calif. ticks were not found on 71 birds captured between december 1988 and march 1989. five subadult ixodes pacificus cooley & kohls were removed from 3 of 67 birds caught between april and june 1989. these three birds, an orange-crowned warbler (vermivora celata (say], a lazuli bunting (passerina amoena (say], an ... | 1990 | 2280384 |
| spring migratory birds (aves) extend the northern occurrence of blacklegged tick (acari:ixodidae). | birds that had migrated northward across lake superior were captured upon reaching landfall at thunder cape (48 degrees 18' n, 88 degrees 56' w) at the southwestern tip of the sibley peninsula, northwestern ontario, from 9 may to 9 june 1995. twenty-one of 530 birds examined (6 of 55 species) had a total of 34 ticks; 1 blue jay, cyanocitta cristata, had a northern fowl mite, ornithonyssus sylviarum (canestrini & fanzago). four blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, larvae were found on an amer ... | 1996 | 8699451 |
| Widespread dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected ticks collected from songbirds across Canada. | Abstract Millions of Lyme disease vector ticks are dispersed annually by songbirds across Canada, but often overlooked as the source of infection. For clarity on vector distribution, we sampled 481 ticks (12 species and 3 undetermined ticks) from 211 songbirds (42 species/subspecies) nationwide. Using PCR, 52 (29.5%) of 176 Ixodes ticks tested were positive for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. Immature blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, collected from infested songbird ... | 2011 | 21864130 |
| dynamics of vector-host interactions in avian communities in four eastern equine encephalitis virus foci in the northeastern u.s. | eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus (togaviridae, alphavirus) is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for occasional outbreaks of severe disease in humans and equines, resulting in high mortality and neurological impairment in most survivors. in the past, human disease outbreaks in the northeastern u.s. have occurred intermittently with no apparent pattern; however, during the last decade we have witnessed recurring annual emergence where eee virus activity had bee ... | 2016 | 26751704 |
| effects of insecticide use on breeding birds in christmas tree plantations in quebec. | : this research, which was carried out in the spring of 1989 and 1990 in seven balsam fir (abies balsamea) plantations in southeastern quebec, examines potential deleterious effects of three insecticides (i.e. dimethoate, diazinon and insecticidal soap) on breeding american robins (turdus migratorius) (n=87 nests) and song sparrows (melospizsa melodia) (n=41 nests). through analyses of blood serum cholinesterases (ache and bche) activity both prior to and the second day following applications of ... | 1995 | 24197796 |
| a review of the mite subfamily harpirhynchinae (acariformes: harpirhynchidae)--parasites of new world birds (aves: neognathae). | mites of the subfamily harpirhynchinae (acariformes: cheyletoidea: harpirhynchidae) associated with neognathous birds (aves: neognathae) in the new world are revised. in all, 68 species in 8 genera are recorded. among them, 27 new species and 1 new genus are described as new for science: harpyrhynchoides gallowayi bochkov, oconnor and klompen sp. nov. from columba livia (columbiformes: columbidae) from canada (manitoba), h. zenaida bochkov, oconnor and klompen sp. nov. from zenaida macroura (col ... | 2015 | 26624161 |
| bird-window collisions in the summer breeding season. | birds that reside in urban settings face numerous human-related threats to survival, including mortality from bird-window collisions (bwcs). our current understanding of this issue has largely been driven by data collected during spring and fall migration, and patterns of collision mortality during the summer breeding season remain relatively unexplored. we assessed bwcs during four breeding seasons (2009-2012) at a site in northwestern illinois, usa, by comparing the abundance, richness, migrat ... | 2014 | 25024923 |
| invasion of an exotic forb impacts reproductive success and site fidelity of a migratory songbird. | although exotic plant invasions threaten natural systems worldwide, we know little about the specific ecological impacts of invaders, including the magnitude of effects and underlying mechanisms. exotic plants are likely to impact higher trophic levels when they overrun native plant communities, affecting habitat quality for breeding songbirds by altering food availability and/or nest predation levels. we studied chipping sparrows (spizella passerina) breeding in savannas that were either domina ... | 2006 | 16685510 |
| avian seed preference and weight loss experiments: the effect of fungal endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds. | the impact of endophytic fungus-infected seeds on seed predators is poorly understood. in this multiple trophic level investigation, seed preference experiments were conducted to determine whether five species of passerines (dark-eyed juncos, junco hyemalis; american tree sparrows, spizella arborea; song sparrows, melospiza melodia; chipping sparrows, spizella pusilla; and house sparrows, passer domesticus) recognize and preferentially consume noninfected (ni) over infected (i) seeds of tall fes ... | 1991 | 28312146 |
| a systematic review of the subfamily syringophilinae (acari: syringophilidae) of the nearctic region. part 1: quill mites associated with passerines (aves: passeriformes). | quill mites belonging to the subfamily syringophilinae lavoipierre, 1953 associated with the nearctic passeriform birds are revised. all of the 49 known species, which are grouped in seven genera, are recorded. among them, four new species are described: syringophiloidus audubioni sp. nov. from spizella breweri (cassini) (emberizidae), syringophilopsis catesbyi sp. nov. from vireo olivaceus (linnaeus) (vireonidae), s. wilsoni sp. nov. from pheucticus melanocephalus (swainson) (cardinalidae), and ... | 2016 | 27394276 |
| a review of the zumpti species group of the genus harpyrhynchoides (acariformes: harpirhynchidae)--ectoparasites of passerines. | the zumpti species group of the genus harpyrhynchoides (harpirhynchidae), parasites of passerines, is revised. a key to the species of this group is provided and data on host associations and geographic distribution of its constituent species are summarized. this group includes six previously recognized species: harpyrhynchoides alaudinus bochkov, 2000, h. brevis (ewing, 1911) comb. nov., h. heatherae bochkov and galloway, 2013, h. rubeculinus (cherny and sixl, 1971), h. vulgaris bochkov and gal ... | 2014 | 25543798 |
| comparative phylogeography in north american birds. | modern molecular methods yield descriptions of the phylogenetic deployment of genetic variation within species, or phylogeography. a developing field is the comparison of geographic patterns of genetic variation in codistributed species, or comparative phylogeography. one determines whether species that currently share the same broad area exhibit congruent phylogeographic patterns, which would indicate that they were historically codistributed and differentiated in response to same geological or ... | 1996 | 28568862 |
| the influence of study species selection on estimates of pesticide exposure in free-ranging birds. | field studies of pesticide effects on birds often utilize indicator species with the purpose of extrapolating to other avian taxa. little guidance exists for choosing indicator species to monitor the presence and/or effects of contaminants that are labile in the environment or body, but are acutely toxic, such as anticholinesterase (anti-che) insecticides. use of an indicator species that does not represent maximum exposure and/or effects could lead to inaccurate risk estimates. our objective wa ... | 2014 | 24174132 |
| postglacial population expansion drives the evolution of long-distance migration in a songbird. | the evolution of long-distance migratory behavior from sedentary populations is a central problem in studies of animal migration. three crucial issues that remain unresolved are: (1) the biotic and abiotic factors promoting evolution of migratory behavior, (2) the geographic origin of ancestral sedentary populations, and (3) the time scale over which migration evolves. we test the role of postglacial population expansions during the quaternary in driving the evolution of songbird migration again ... | 2006 | 17236431 |
| long-range order in canary song. | bird songs range in form from the simple notes of a chipping sparrow to the rich performance of the nightingale. non-adjacent correlations can be found in the syntax of some birdsongs, indicating that the choice of what to sing next is determined not only by the current syllable, but also by previous syllables sung. here we examine the song of the domesticated canary, a complex singer whose song consists of syllables, grouped into phrases that are arranged in flexible sequences. phrases are defi ... | 2013 | 23658509 |
| reply to akçay & beecher: yes, team of rivals in chipping sparrows. | | 2015 | 26136046 |
| team of rivals in chipping sparrows? a comment on goodwin & podos. | | 2015 | 26136045 |
| invasive plant erodes local song diversity in a migratory passerine. | exotic plant invasions threaten ecosystems globally, but we still know little about the specific consequences for animals. invasive plants can alter the quality of breeding habitat for songbirds, thereby impacting important demographic traits such as dispersal, philopatry, and age structure. these demographic effects may in turn alter song-learning conditions to affect song structure and diversity. we studied chipping sparrows (spizella passerina) breeding in six savannas that were either domina ... | 2014 | 24669738 |
| team of rivals: alliance formation in territorial songbirds is predicted by vocal signal structure. | cooperation and conflict are regarded as diametric extremes of animal social behaviour, yet the two may intersect under rare circumstances. we here report that territorial competitors in a common north american songbird species, the chipping sparrow (spizella passerina), sometimes form temporary coalitions in the presence of simulated territorial intruders. moreover, analysis of birds' vocal mating signals (songs) reveals that coalitions occur nearly exclusively under specific triadic relationsh ... | 2014 | 24573153 |
| variable food begging calls are harbingers of vocal learning. | vocal learning has evolved in only a few groups of mammals and birds. the developmental and evolutionary origins of vocal learning remain unclear. the imitation of a memorized sound is a clear example of vocal learning, but is that when vocal learning starts? here we use an ontogenetic approach to examine how vocal learning emerges in a songbird, the chipping sparrow. the first vocalizations of songbirds, food begging calls, were thought to be innate, and vocal learning emerges later during subs ... | 2009 | 19529766 |
| a learning program that ensures prompt and versatile vocal imitation. | here we show how a migratory songbird, the chipping sparrow (spizella passerina), achieves prompt and precise vocal imitation. juvenile chipping sparrow males develop five to seven potential precursor songs; the normal development of these songs requires intact hearing but not imitation from external models. the potential precursor songs conform with general species-typical song parameters but differ from the song of wild, adult territorial males. as chipping sparrow males return from migration ... | 2007 | 18077359 |
| variable rate of singing and variable song duration are associated with high immediate early gene expression in two anterior forebrain song nuclei. | the duration of songs and the intervals between these songs are more variable when wild, adult, free-ranging chipping sparrows sing at dawn than when they sing during the day. the more variable delivery is used to interact with males, and the stereotyped delivery is used to attract females. in captive birds, however, the variability observed at dawn persists during the day. we quantified the expression of an immediate early gene, zenk, in wild and captive birds and found that the level of song-a ... | 2005 | 16030143 |
| testosterone regulates alpha-synuclein mrna in the avian song system. | alpha-synuclein is a small, highly conserved protein in vertebrates that has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases. the avian song control system is one of the model systems in which the protein was independently discovered. alpha-synuclein is dynamically regulated in the song system during song learning, a process in which sex steroids play a central role. we compared alpha-synuclein mrna expression in the brains of 12 adult male chipping sparrows (spizella passerina) treated with e ... | 2001 | 11303765 |
| song development by chipping sparrows and field sparrows. | when, where and from whom young songbirds learn their songs have been controversial issues in the study of song development. we chose to study some of these issues in two migratory and closely related songbirds, the chipping sparrow, spizella passerina, and field sparrow, spizella pusilla. nestlings of both species were collected in western massachusetts and hand-reared in the laboratory. there, juveniles were placed in separate cages and assigned to one of three rooms; in each room were eight y ... | 1999 | 10373261 |
| untimely death of a chipping-sparrow. | | 1885 | 17839123 |
| new feather mites of the genus <i>amerodectes</i> valim and hernandes (acariformes: proctophyllodidae) from passerines (aves: passeriformes) in georgia, usa. | eight new species of the feather mite genus amerodectes valim and hernandes, 2010 (proctophyllodidae: pterodectinae) are described from passerines (aves: passeriformes) in georgia, usa: amerodectes cathari sp. n. from catharus ustulatus (nuttall) (turdidae), a. haemorhous sp. n. from haemorhous mexicanus (muller, pls) (fringillidae), a. helmitheros sp. n. from helmitheros vermivorum (gmelin) (parulidae), a. hribari sp. n. from geothlypis trichas (linnaeus) (parulidae), a. hylocichlae sp. n. from ... | 2017 | 29245629 |
| avian semen collection by cloacal massage and isolation of dna from sperm. | collection of semen may be useful for a wide range of applications including studies involving sperm quality, sperm telomere dynamics, and epigenetics. birds are widely used subjects in biological research and are ideal for studies involving repeated sperm samples. however, few resources are currently available for those wishing to learn how to collect and extract dna from avian sperm. here we describe cloacal massage, a gentle, non-invasive manual technique for collecting avian sperm. although ... | 2018 | 29443060 |
| feather mites of the genus trouessartia (acariformes: trouessartiidae) from passerines (aves: passeriformes) in georgia, usa. | ten new species of the feather mite genus trouessartia canestrini, 1899 (analgoidea: trouessartiidae) are described from various passerines of the superfamily passeroidea in georgia: trouessartia americana sp. n. from setophaga americana (linnaeus), t. helmitheros sp. n. from helmitheros vermivorum (gmelin, jf), t. mniotilta sp. n. from mniotilta varia (linnaeus), t. pensylvanica sp. n. from setophaga pensylvanica (linnaeus) (type host) and s. palmarum (gmelin, jf), t. ruticilla sp. n. from s. r ... | 2020 | 33056170 |