| the p gene of the porcine paramyxovirus lpmv encodes three possible polypeptides p, v and c: the p protein mrna is edited. | the nucleotide sequence of the p gene of the porcine paramyxovirus la-piedad-michoacan-mexico virus (lpmv) was analysed. three long open reading frames (orfs) were found in the mrna sense. insertion of two g residues is necessary to obtain an orf encoding the p protein, which gives a p protein of 404 amino acids with a calculated mr of 42475. this form of editing was demonstrated, two non-templated g residues being added in a portion of the mrna transcripts. the lpmv v protein, which has a conse ... | 1992 | 1588322 |
| paramyxovirus phosphoproteins form homotrimers as determined by an epitope dilution assay, via predicted coiled coils. | when ha epitope-tagged and untagged sendai virus (sev) p proteins are coexpressed and the products reacted with anti-ha, the untagged p protein is also selected because this protein is found as an oligomer. the oligomer was determined to be a homotrimer by coselection studies in which increasing amounts of untagged versus tagged protein were coexpressed, and these findings were extended to mumps virus, a member of the rubulavirus genus. the region of the sev protein responsible for the oligomeri ... | 1995 | 8525609 |
| np:p and np:v interactions of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 examined using a novel protein:protein capture assay. | using recombinant proteins extracted from mammalian cells, in a novel protein:protein binding assay, direct interaction of the nucleoprotein (np) of simian virus 5 with the phosphoprotein (p) and v protein (v) was demonstrated. the amount of np bound by v was found to be significantly less than that bound by p. furthermore, preabsorption of np with p removed the fraction of np that could be bound by v, but preabsorption of np with v did not remove all the np that could be bound by p. these resul ... | 1996 | 8862406 |
| binding of the v proteins to the nucleocapsid proteins of human parainfluenza type 2 virus. | interaction of the nucleocapsid (np) and v proteins of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (hpiv-2) was investigated using a transient expression system. when the np proteins were co-expressed with the v proteins, some of the np proteins were translocated into the nuclei. these findings suggest that the np protein interact with the v proteins. we examined the interaction of the np proteins and the p, v proteins or deletion mutants of v protein using immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation plu ... | 1996 | 8884740 |
| parainfluenza virus type 4 infections in pediatric patients. | the purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of parainfluenza virus type 4 infections in pediatric patients. | 1997 | 9002098 |
| an anti-fusion regulatory protein-1 monoclonal antibody suppresses human parainfluenza virus type 2-induced cell fusion. | fusion regulatory protein-1 (frp-1) regulates virus-mediated cell fusion and induces poly-karyocyte formation of monocytes without any fusogen. we have recently reported that frp-1 and the 4f2/cd98 heavy chain are identical molecules. cell fusion in newcastle disease virus (ndv)-infected hela cells was enhanced when cells were incubated with anti-frp-1 mab. anti-frp-1 mabs also induced human immunodeficiency virus gp160-mediated cell fusion. however, hbj127, an anti-frp-1/4f2/cd98 mab that enhan ... | 1997 | 9010289 |
| the paramyxovirus, sendai virus, v protein encodes a luxury function required for viral pathogenesis. | the sendai virus (sev) v protein is characterized by the unique cysteine-rich domain in its carboxy-terminal half which is fused to the amino-terminal half of the p protein, but its function has remained enigmatic. the v protein-directing mrna is generated by a remarkable process known as mrna editing involving the pseudotemplated addition of a single g residue at a specific septinucleotide locus in the p gene, whereas the unedited exact copy encodes the p protein. here, we introduced two nucleo ... | 1997 | 9034340 |
| prevention of entry of avian influenza and paramyxoviruses into an ornithological collection. | | 1997 | 9133725 |
| analysis of the large (l) protein gene of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv: identification of possible functional domains. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv (la piedad michoacan virus) large (l) protein gene was determined and analysed. the l mrna was found to span 6,786 nucleotides, containing one single large open reading frame (orf), putatively encoding a polypeptide of 2,251 amino acids. by aligning the amino acid sequence of the lpmv l-protein with l-protein of a number of viruses belonging to the order mononegavirale, a high degree of similarity between the lpmv l-protein and oth ... | 1997 | 9140194 |
| failure to induce formation of proteinase k resistant fibrils in pigeons through experimental infection with paramyxovirus type 1. | ten racing pigeons were infected experimentally with the paramyxovirus (pmv) type 1 of the pigeon. within twelve weeks of observation, they were euthanized at different times. their brains were examined for proteinase k resistant fibrils and histopathologically for spongiform lesions. no proteinase k resistant fibrils and no spongiform lesions could be detected in any case. therefore, it is estimated that pmv type 1 of the pigeon is not likely to induce pathogenic mechanisms assumed for transmis ... | 1997 | 9200887 |
| analysis of the fusion protein gene of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv: comparative analysis of paramyxovirus f proteins. | complementary dna clones representing the fusion (f) protein gene of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv were isolated and sequenced. the f gene was found to be 1,845 nucleotides long containing one long open reading frame capable of encoding a protein of 541 amino acids. the cleavage motif for f0 into f1 and f2 is his-arg-lys-lys-arg. a sequence comparison and a phylogenetic analysis was performed in order to identify possible functional domains of paramyxovirus fusion proteins and also to classify th ... | 1997 | 9208455 |
| assembly of recombinant newcastle disease virus nucleocapsid protein into nucleocapsid-like structures is inhibited by the phosphoprotein. | a recombinant baculovirus expressing the nucleocapsid gene (np) of newcastle disease virus (ndv), a member of the genus rubulavirus, has been generated and shown to express the native protein to high levels in insect cells. in contrast to the np protein of the rubulavirus human parainfluenza virus 2, the ndv protein has been demonstrated by electron microscopy and caesium chloride gradient analysis to be capable of self-assembly in vivo to form nucleocapsid-like structures in the absence of othe ... | 1997 | 9292023 |
| a functional antigenomic promoter for the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 requires proper spacing between an essential internal segment and the 3' terminus. | a previous analysis of naturally occurring defective interfering (di) rna genomes of the prototypic paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) indicated that 113 bases at the 3' terminus of the antigenome were sufficient to direct rna encapsidation and replication. a nucleotide sequence alignment of the antigenomic 3'-terminal 113 bases of members of the rubulavirus genus of the paramyxoviridae family identified two regions of sequence identity: bases 1 to 19 at the 3' terminus (conserved region i [cri] ... | 1998 | 9420195 |
| neuac alpha 2,3gal-glycoconjugate expression determines cell susceptibility to the porcine rubulavirus lpmv. | relevance of membrane sialoglycoconjugates as receptors for infection by the porcine rubulavirus has been determined in vitro by sugar and lectin competition assays and by inhibition of glycosylation. our results show that neuac alpha 2,3gal but not neuac alpha 2,6gal inhibits the virus infectivity of vero cells, and the virus was effectively blocked with the lectin maackia amurensis, specific for neuac alpha 2,3gal. inhibition of the cellular glycosylation with tunicamycin, deoxinojirimycin as ... | 1997 | 9440225 |
| establishment and characterisation of a porcine rubulavirus (lpmv) persistent infection in porcine kidney cells. | porcine rubulavirus (lpmv) can establish persistent infections in porcine kidney cells. cell cultures characterised at passages 25 and 65 demonstrated haemadsorption, formation of syncytia, and a slower growth rate. the nucleoprotein (np) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein were present in all cells, although not to the same extent as in wild type infected cells. incubation of the cell cultures with virus neutralising antibodies could not cure them from the infection. the cells were re ... | 1997 | 9444775 |
| lesions in the reproductive tract of boars experimentally infected with porcine rubulavirus. | "blue eye" disease of pigs in mexico is caused by porcine rubulavirus and characterized by infertility in sows and boars, nervous signs in young pigs, and corneal opacity in pigs of all ages. the pathogenesis of reproductive tract lesions in rubulavirus-infected boars has not previously been investigated. in a first experiment, four 9-month-old boars were inoculated with porcine rubulavirus and killed 5, 15, 30 or 45 days post-inoculation (pi). in a second experiment, four similar boars were ino ... | 1997 | 9447484 |
| mixed paramyxovirus infection of wild and domestic birds in israel. | five cases of dual isolations of different serotypes of avian paramyxoviruses (apmv) from domestic and wild birds are described: one case of mixed infection by apmv-1 and apmv-4 and four cases of infection by apmv-1 and apmv-2 serotypes. the double infection was proven by consecutive isolations of two viruses from allantoic fluid samples derived from single swabs after their respective treatment by antisera against each suspected virus. the finding of double apmv infection in poultry farms appea ... | 1997 | 9451463 |
| identification of regions on the fusion protein of human parainfluenza virus type 2 which are required for haemagglutinin-neuraminidase proteins to promote cell fusion. | using a plasmid expression system in hela cells, we have previously shown that the fusion (f) protein of simian virus 41 (sv-41) induces cell fusion when coexpressed with the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv-2), while the piv-2 f protein does not induce cell fusion with the sv-41 hn protein. in the present study, we found that the piv-2 f protein induced extensive cell fusion with the hn protein of mumps virus (muv), whereas the sv-41 f protein d ... | 1998 | 9472612 |
| secondary structure prediction of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase from a porcine rubulavirus. | the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) from 'la piedad, michoacan' porcine rubulavirus (lpmv) interacts specifically with neuac alpha 2,3 lactose residues on the target cell. in this work we report the secondary structure of this protein, determined with five different theoretical algorithms. results indicate that the hn protein is organized in: an intracellular region (from amino acid 1 to 25); in a beta-strand transmembrane region (residue 26 to 47), typically hydrophobic, rigid and solvent inac ... | 1998 | 9541617 |
| multiple factors including subgenomic rnas and reduced viral protein expression are associated with a persistent infection by porcine rubulavirus (lpmv). | the synthesis of virus specific rna and the expression of viral proteins in pk-15 cells persistently infected with the porcine rubulavirus lpmv have been studied at two different cell-passages following establishment of persistency (passages 25 and 65). protein analysis of persistently infected cells and the virus particles released from these failed to demonstrate the presence of the polymerase (l) protein. a decrease in the amount of the phospho- (p) protein was also noted. the genome and mrna ... | 1998 | 9572545 |
| wild type mumps viruses circulating in china establish a new genotype. | by analysing the nucleotide sequence of the sh genes of five mumps virus strains derived from the clinical specimens collected during the 1995/96 mumps epidemic in china a new genotype has been established. the circulating viruses showed divergence ranging from 0.8-4.5% at the nucleotide level and 3.5-12.3% at the amino acid level. in addition, a more rational approach has been taken in proposing genotype groupings to muv strains. | 1998 | 9607043 |
| safety and characterization of the immune response engendered by two combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccines. | we performed a randomized trial to compare the safety and immunogenicity of two combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccines in healthy children 14-24 months of age. triviraten berna vaccine (swiss serum and vaccine institute), contains the edmonston zagreb 19 strain of measles virus, the rubini mumps virus strain and the wistar ra 27/3 rubella strain while mmr-vax (merck, sharp & dohme, west point, pa) contains the enders attenuated edmonston measles strain, the jeryl lynn mumps strain and the ... | 1998 | 9607046 |
| immunity to mumps before and after mmr vaccination at 12 years of age in the first generation offered the two-dose immunization programme. | sweden was the first country in the world to introduce a two-dose programme of vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella with a combined vaccine (mmr). it was commenced in 1982 and the vaccination was carried out at the ages of 18 months and 12 years. in 1992-93 the first age-group vaccinated at 18 months reached the age of 12 and accordingly received a second dose of mmr. a total of 382 children participated in the present study. sero-immunity against mumps was studied by testing neutraliz ... | 1998 | 9607050 |
| avian paramyxoviruses serotype 3 isolated from captive birds in israel: clinical signs, pathology, and antigenic characterization. | thirteen ha agents were isolated in israel from captive flamingoes (phoenicopterus ruber), egyptian geese (alopochen aegyptiacus) belonging to order anseriformes, and ibis (guara rubra) belonging to order ciconiiformes. the isolation was done from postmortem materials in three cases of severe respiratory disease with high mortality. the isolates were examined serologically and identified as belonging to the serotype 3 of avian paramyxoviruses (apmv-3). the isolates were more close antigenically ... | 1998 | 9645338 |
| sequence analysis of the hendra virus nucleoprotein gene: comparison with other members of the subfamily paramyxovirinae. | the nucleoprotein (n) gene of hendra virus (hev), an unclassified member of subfamily paramyxovirinae in the family paramyxoviridae previously known as equine morbillivirus, was cloned and sequenced. the majority of the deduced amino acid sequence was further confirmed by direct sequencing of peptide fragments of the n protein derived from purified virions. the 3' untranslated sequence of the hev n gene mrna was 568 nt and was much longer than that observed in other paramyxovirinae. the n protei ... | 1998 | 9680142 |
| detection of newcastle disease virus-specific antibodies in ostrich sera by three serological methods. | sera from 211 ostriches were tested for the presence of newcastle disease virus (ndv)-specific antibodies by the virus neutralisation test, the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test and a recently developed avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (pmv-1) specific monoclonal antibody blocking elisa (b-elisa). the virus neutralisation test was used as the reference for the estimation of the sensitivity and specificity of the b-elisa and hi tests. of the 211 sera, 140 contained ndv-specific neutralising an ... | 1998 | 9698626 |
| detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in the airways of adults with chronic asthma. | infection with mycoplasma pneumoniae has been shown to exacerbate asthma in humans. however, the role of m. pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma has not been defined. eighteen asthmatics with chronic, stable asthma and 11 nonasthmatic control subjects underwent evaluation of the upper and lower airways and serologic analysis to determine the presence of m. pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, and seven respiratory viruses through culture, enzyme-linked immunoassay (eia) and polymerase c ... | 1998 | 9731038 |
| immunity to porcine rubulavirus infection in adult swine. | the immune response against the porcine rubulavirus was analyzed in experimentally infected adult pigs. high titers of virus neutralizing and hemagglutinating inhibitory antibodies were identified in infected animals. the antibody specificity was directed towards hn, m, and np rubula virion proteins; immunodominance of hn proteins was demonstrated. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected, but not from non-infected pigs proliferated in vitro in response to virus antigenic stimuli, showin ... | 1998 | 9764728 |
| direct detection of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and adenovirus in clinical respiratory specimens by a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr assay. | diagnosis of respiratory virus infections currently involves detection by isolation or antigen detection, which usually identifies only a single suspected agent. to permit identification of more than one respiratory virus in clinical specimens, a rapid detection method involving a single-step, multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay was developed. the assay included five primer sets that amplified the rna of respiratory syncytial virus subtypes a and b, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, ... | 1998 | 9774555 |
| porcine rubulavirus lpmv rna persists in the central nervous system of pigs after recovery from acute infection. | in order to study persistence of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv, we examined tissue samples collected from pigs 53 days after experimental infection. these pigs survived the initial infection and could clinically be considered to have recovered from the infection. two of the pigs used in this study were chemically immunosuppressed during the last 4 days before necropsy. no infectious virus or viral antigen could be detected in any tissue using standard methods for virus isolation and detection. ho ... | 1998 | 9839652 |
| rna replication for the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 requires an internal repeated (cgnnnn) sequence motif. | a functional rna replication promoter for the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) requires two essential and discontinuous elements: 19 bases at the 3' terminus (conserved region i) and an 18-base internal region (conserved region ii [crii]) that is contained within the coding region of the l protein gene. a reverse-genetics system was used to determine the sequence requirements for the internal crii element to function in rna replication. a series of copyback defective interfering (di) rna analo ... | 1999 | 9847393 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of newcastle disease virus: evidence for the existence of a new genus within the subfamily paramyxovirinae. | we have completely sequenced the genome of newcastle disease virus (ndv) vaccine strain lasota. the sequences of the 3'- and 5'-terminal ends of the rna genome were determined by sequencing cdna fragments generated by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the entire genomic sequence, which was established by sequencing cdna fragments generated by high-fidelity rt-pcr, consists of 15186 nt. comparison of the 5'-terminal sequence of ndv lasota with the 5'-terminal sequences of ten members of the param ... | 1999 | 9934695 |
| studies on influenza- and newcastle disease virus at the university's institute of microbiology (budapest) in 1948-50. | | 1999 | 10331064 |
| development of a blocking elisa for screening antibodies to porcine rubulavirus, la piedad michoacan virus. | a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect antibodies to porcine rubulavirus (la piedad michoacan virus [lpmv]) in serum samples from pigs. the test, based on a monoclonal antibody against the lpmv hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein, had a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 97%. the results of this test were in agreement with those obtained by an indirect elisa and hemagglutination inhibition, indirect immunofluorescence, and virus neutralization test ... | 1999 | 10424646 |
| intranuclear inclusions in cells infected with newcastle disease virus. | cells infected by newcastle disease virus were observed to contain both intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies. ultrastructurally, they consisted of twisted strands of about 18-20 nm diameter resembling nucleocapsids. the presence of these inclusions was detected irrespective of host cell or pathogenicity of the virus. in immunofluorescence and immunogold labelling experiments, these structures were tagged by an anti-p protein monoclonal antibody. in summary, we show that intracytopl ... | 1999 | 10481625 |
| infection with wild-type mumps virus in army recruits temporally associated with mmr vaccine. | four cases of mumps were reported among 180 army recruits who had received mmr vaccine 16 days earlier. mumps serology, salivary mumps igm and pcr tests for the sh gene were performed on the 4 cases and on 5 control recruits who remained well. pcr products were sequenced and the sequences compared to those of wild type and vaccine strains of mumps. further salivary mumps igm tests were performed on the remaining 171 recruits. mumps infection was confirmed in the 4 cases but not in the 5 controls ... | 1999 | 10579444 |
| reverse genetics of the paramyxoviridae. | | 1999 | 10582105 |
| incorporation of simian virus 5 fusion protein into murine leukemia virus particles and its effect on the co-incorporation of retroviral envelope glycoproteins. | we describe the generation of murine leukemia virus (mlv) virus particles carrying the paramyxovirus fusion protein f from simian virus 5 (sv5-f). this glycoprotein was expressed in cells providing moloney mlv (momlv) gag and pol proteins and a lacz retroviral vector. sv5-f was correctly expressed, processed, and efficiently incorporated into retroviral particles. sv5-f-bearing retroviruses were not infectious although a weak binding to primate and rodent cells could be detected and sv5-f could ... | 2000 | 10648182 |
| isolation of avian paramyxovirus serotype 3 from domestic fowl in israel: close antigenic relationship with the psittacine strain of avian paramyxovirus serotype 3. | | 2000 | 10690780 |
| detection and identification of human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4 in clinical samples of pediatric patients by multiplex reverse transcription-pcr. | we describe a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (m-rt-pcr) assay that is able to detect and differentiate all known human parainfluenza viruses (hpivs). serial dilution experiments with reference strains that compared cell culture isolation and m-rt-pcr showed sensitivities ranging from 0.0004 50% tissue culture infective dose (tcid(50)) for hpiv type 4b (hpiv-4b) to 32 tcid(50)s for hpiv-3. as few as 10 plasmids containing hpiv pcr products could be detected in all cases. when 201 nasopharyng ... | 2000 | 10699020 |
| the avian response to newcastle disease virus. | newcastle disease virus (ndv) is classified as a member of the superfamily mononegavirales in the family paramyxoviridae. this virus family is divided into two subfamilies, the paramyxovirinae and the pneumovirinae. in 1993 the international committee on the taxonomy of viruses rearranged the order of the paramyxovirus genus and placed ndv within the rubulavirus genus among the paramyxovirinae. the enveloped virus has a negative sense single-stranded rna genome of 15,186 kb which codes for an rn ... | 2000 | 10717292 |
| purification and characterization of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of porcine rubulavirus lpmv. | the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) from the lpmv strain of porcine rubulavirus was purified from virions by ultracentrifugation in a continuous 20-60% sucrose gradient and by ion exchange chromatography. the hn is a glycoprotein of 66 kda constituted by 50.5, 13.3 and 13.6% of non polar, uncharged polar, and charged polar amino acids, respectively. the hn contains 4% of carbohydrates, its glycannic portion is constituted by man, gal, glcnac, galnac, and neu5ac in 3:3:4:1:1 molar ratios. the hn ... | 1999 | 10815988 |
| incomplete replication of human parainfluenza virus type 4 in llc-mk2 cells and in l929 cells. | human parainfluenza virus type 4a (hpiv-4a) and type 4b (hpiv-4b) were tested for their ability to replicate in the monkey kidney llc-mk2 cell line (mk2 cells) and the murine l929 cell line (l929 cells). these cells are normally non-permissive for replication of hpiv-4; however, treatment with acetylated trypsin led to virus replication in mk2 cells, but was less effective for l929 cells. endogenously produced interferon (ifn) played no role in virus replication in l929 cells. synthesis of virus ... | 2000 | 10917155 |
| mumps associated with immunoglobulin a nephropathy. | | 2000 | 10917234 |
| newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviruses. | newcastle disease (nd), caused by avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (apmv-1) viruses, is included in list a of the office international des epizooties. historically, nd has been a devastating disease of poultry, and in many countries the disease remains one of the major problems affecting existing or developing poultry industries. even in countries where nd may be considered to be controlled, an economic burden is still associated with vaccination and/or maintaining strict biosecurity measures. the ... | 2000 | 10935273 |
| [new data on the development of complications during epidemiological parotitis in children]. | the main factors in the pathogenesis of complicated parotitis virus infection are increased virus reproduction in the salivary gland, inhibited by the production of alpha-interferon at early stages of the infectious process. entry of the virus into the cns is caused by slight penetration of antiparotitis antibodies through the blood-brain barrier and by poor formation of specific immune complexes at the site of primary virus reproduction and in the liquor. interferon therapy of patients with par ... | 2000 | 10971962 |
| parainfluenza virus type 4: case report and review of the literature. | | 2000 | 11001119 |
| the cleavage activation and sites of glycosylation in the fusion protein of hendra virus. | hendra virus (hev) is an unclassified member of the paramyxoviridae family that causes systemic infections in humans, horses, cats, guinea pigs and flying foxes. the fusion protein (f(0)) of members of the paramyxoviridae family that cause systemic infections in vivo contains a basic amino acid-rich region at which the protein is activated by cleavage into two subunits (f(1) and f(2)). hev f(0) lacks such a domain. we have determined the cleavage site in hev f(0) by sequencing the amino terminus ... | 2000 | 11018278 |
| n-glycosylation contributes to the limited cross-reactivity between hemagglutinin neuraminidase proteins of human parainfluenza virus type 4a and 4b. | cdnas encoding human parainfluenza virus type 4b (hpiv-4b) hemagglutinin neuraminidase (hn) protein were cloned and the nucleotide sequences were determined. a high degree of identity (81.4%) was observed between the nucleotide sequences of hpiv-4a and -4b hn proteins, and an 87.3% identity was found between the deduced amino acid sequences. this degree of identity is considered to be greater than immunological similarity between hpiv-4a and -4b hn proteins determined using monoclonal antibodies ... | 2000 | 11034551 |
| increased readthrough transcription across the simian virus 5 m-f gene junction leads to growth defects and a global inhibition of viral mrna synthesis. | recombinant simian virus 5 (rsv5) mutants containing substitutions in the m-f intergenic region were generated to determine the effect of increased readthrough transcription on the paramyxovirus growth cycle. we have previously shown, using an sv5 dicistronic minigenome, that replacement of the 22-base m-f intergenic region with a foreign sequence results in a template (rep22) that directs very high levels of m-f readthrough transcription. an rsv5 containing the rep22 substitution grew slower an ... | 2001 | 11160725 |
| nitric oxide production during bacterial and viral meningitis in children. | nitric oxide is very likely to play a role in physiopathological mechanisms of bacterial meningitis. as shown by in vitro studies, nitric oxide is toxic to endothelial cells, as well as to neurones, and thus may be responsible for neurological sequelae in bacterial meningitis. increased level of nitric oxide can also inhibit mitochondrial respiration, enhancing anaerobic glycolysis. twenty-seven children with documented bacterial meningitis, 73 with viral (mumps and enteroviral) meningitis, and ... | 2000 | 11196070 |
| [significance of paramyxovirinae protein f in physiopathology and immunity]. | the paramyxovirinae sub-family contains viruses of major importance for humans (measles and mumps viruses) and animals (newcastle disease virus, canine distemper virus, rinderpest virus) but also zoonotic viruses (hendra and nipah viruses). newcastle disease virus, a rubulavirus, which is specific of birds, can be used as a model for understanding the pathogenicity mechanisms of paramyxovirinae and for the study of vaccination against the diseases they cause. the f protein of pathogenic strains ... | 2000 | 11268674 |
| neonatal syncytial giant cell hepatitis with paramyxoviral-like inclusions. | syncytial giant cell hepatitis in the neonatal period has been associated with many different etiologic agents and may present initially as cholestasis. infectious causes are most common and include: (1 ) generalized bacterial sepsis, (2) viral agents, (3) toxoplasmosis, (4) syphilis, (5) listeriosis, and (6) tuberculosis. viral hepatitis may be due to cytomegalovirus, rubella virus, herpes simplex, hhv-6, varicella, coxsackievirus, echovirus, reovirus 3, parvovirus b19, hiv, enteroviruses, para ... | 2001 | 11297322 |
| deletion of the cytoplasmic tail of the fusion protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 affects fusion pore enlargement. | the fusion (f) protein of the paramxyovirus simian parainfluenza virus 5 (sv5) promotes virus-cell and cell-cell membrane fusion. previous work had indicated that removal of the sv5 f protein cytoplasmic tail (f tail- or fdelta19) caused a block in fusion promotion at the hemifusion stage. further examination has shown that although the f tail- mutant is severely debilitated in promotion of fusion as measured by using two reporter gene assays and is debilitated in the formation of syncytia relat ... | 2001 | 11333918 |
| tioman virus, a novel paramyxovirus isolated from fruit bats in malaysia. | a search for the natural host of nipah virus has led to the isolation of a previously unknown member of the family paramyxoviridae. tioman virus (tiv) was isolated from the urine of fruit bats (pteropus hypomelanus) found on the island of the same name off the eastern coast of peninsular malaysia. an electron microscopic study of tiv-infected cells revealed spherical and pleomorphic-enveloped viral particles (100--500 nm in size) with a single fringe of embedded peplomers. virus morphogenesis oc ... | 2001 | 11336547 |
| the v protein of human parainfluenza virus 2 antagonizes type i interferon responses by destabilizing signal transducer and activator of transcription 2. | type i interferon (ifn) induces antiviral responses through the activation of the isgf3 transcription factor complex that contains the subunit proteins stat1, stat2, and p48/isgf3 gamma/irf9. the ability of some human paramyxoviruses to overcome ifn actions by specific proteolysis of stat proteins has been examined. infection of cells with type 2, but not type 1 or type 3 human parainfluenza virus (hpiv) leads to a loss of cellular stat2 protein. expression of a single hpiv2 protein derived from ... | 2001 | 11336548 |
| molecular characterization of menangle virus, a novel paramyxovirus which infects pigs, fruit bats, and humans. | menangle virus (menv), isolated in august 1997 following an outbreak of reproductive disease in a piggery in new south wales, is the second previously unclassified member of the family paramyxoviridae to be identified in australia since 1994. similar to hendra virus (hev), menv appears to be a virus of fruit bats (flying foxes) in the genus pteropus. no serological cross-reactivity was detected between menv and other known paramyxoviruses and to facilitate virus classification a cdna subtraction ... | 2001 | 11336561 |
| comparative evaluation of the cd4+cd8+ and cd4+cd8- lymphocytes in the immune response to porcine rubulavirus. | the porcine immune system is unique in the expression of cd4+cd8+ (double-positive, dp) lymphocytes. these cells have been associated with immunological memory due to their gradual increase with age, the expression of memory phenotype and their ability to respond to recall viral antigen. this work analyzes the biological function of cd4+cd8- and cd4+cd8+ lymphocytes in the immune response to porcine rubulavirus (prv). cd4+cd8- cells isolated from pigs 3 weeks after infection with porcine rubulav ... | 2001 | 11389959 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. | | 2001 | 11419430 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the l and hn gene of ophidian paramyxoviruses. brief report. | two reptilian paramyxoviruses, isolated from a neotropical rattlesnake (neotropical virus, ntv, atcc vr-1408) and a bush viper (bush viper virus, bvv, atcc vr- 1409), respectively, were analysed to determine their taxonomic position among other reptilian paramyxoviruses investigated previously by ahne et al.. a 679 bp long region of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) gene and a 627 bp long region of the large (l) gene were reverse transcribed, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and ... | 2001 | 11448022 |
| immune responses to measles and mumps vaccination of infants at 6, 9, and 12 months. | immunizing infants against measles at the youngest age possible has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality. the ability of infants at 6, 9, or 12 months to respond to measles and mumps vaccines was evaluated by measuring t cell proliferation, interferon-gamma production, and neutralizing antibody titers before and after vaccination. infants in all age groups had equivalent cellular immune responses to measles or mumps viruses, with or without passive antibodies when immunized. in contra ... | 2001 | 11528592 |
| high resistance of human parainfluenza type 2 virus protein-expressing cells to the antiviral and anti-cell proliferative activities of alpha/beta interferons: cysteine-rich v-specific domain is required for high resistance to the interferons. | human parainfluenza type 2 virus (hpiv-2)-infected hela (hela-ca) cells and hpiv-2 v-expressing hela (hela-v) cells show high resistance to alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha/beta) irrespective of whether vesicular stomatitis virus or sindbis virus is used as a challenge virus. when sindbis virus is used, these cells show high susceptibility to human ifn-gamma. furthermore, the multiplication of hela-v cells is not inhibited by ifn-alpha/beta. hela cells expressing the n-terminally truncated v pr ... | 2001 | 11533180 |
| comparative study of the immune response in mice immunized with four live attenuated strains of mumps virus by intranasal or intramuscular route. | the observation of many cases of mumps and mumps-associated cns complications in vaccinees prompted us to perform an evaluation of the efficacy of four attenuated mumps virus (urabe, jeryl lynn, rubini and s12) vaccines. two doses of vaccine were necessary to induce a good immunity in animals. the humoral and cell-mediated response induced in mice immunized intramuscularly or intranasally with these vaccines has been evaluated. although the urabe and jeryl lynn strains appear more immunogenic th ... | 2001 | 11556703 |
| uptake of porcine rubulavirus (lpmv) by pk-15 cells. | the porcine virus denominated la piedad michoacan virus (lpmv) is a member of the family paramyxoviridae and is the cause of a disease in pigs present only in mexico. the disease is characterized by meningoencephalitis and respiratory distress in young pigs, epididymitis and orchitis in boars, and reproductive failure and abortion in sows. | 2001 | 11578755 |
| identification and molecular characterization of 18 paramyxoviruses isolated from snakes. | viral agents from 18 different snake species (families colubridae, viperidae, and crotalidae) showing respiratory symptoms and neuronal disease were identified as paramyxoviruses by typical cytopathogenic effect (cpe), electron microscopy, and hemagglutination inhibition. detailed molecular characterization of the viruses was performed by partial l- and f-gene-specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and sequencing, nucleotide and amino acid sequence alignment, and phylo ... | 2001 | 11597749 |
| molecular evolution of viral fusion and matrix protein genes and phylogenetic relationships among the paramyxoviridae. | phylogenetic relationships among the paramyxoviridae, a broad family of viruses whose members cause devastating diseases of wildlife, livestock, and humans, were examined with both fusion (f) and matrix (m) protein-coding sequences. neighbor-joining trees of f and m protein sequences showed that the paramyxoviridae was divided into the two traditionally recognized subfamilies, the paramyxovirinae and the pneumovirinae. within the paramyxovirinae, the results also showed groups corresponding to t ... | 2001 | 11603943 |
| peanut and amaranthus leucocarpus lectins discriminate between memory and naive/quiescent porcine lymphocytes. | lectins are relevant tools to isolate and characterize different cellular sub-populations. in this work, we used the lectins arachis hypogaea (peanut agglutinin, pna) and amaranthus leucocarpus (all), specific for galss1, 3galnac, to characterize naive and memory lymphocytes from pigs, experimentally infected with the porcine rubulavirus (rvp). our results showed that both lectins recognized preferentially lymphocytes with the cd4(+)cd8(+) phenotype (p<0.05). the phenotypic analysis of the cells ... | 2002 | 11825599 |
| degradation of stat1 and stat2 by the v proteins of simian virus 5 and human parainfluenza virus type 2, respectively: consequences for virus replication in the presence of alpha/beta and gamma interferons. | human cell lines were isolated that express the v protein of either simian virus 5 (sv5) or human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hpiv2); the cell lines were termed 2f/sv5-v and 2f/piv2-v, respectively. stat1 was not detectable in 2f/sv5-v cells, and the cells failed to signal in response to either alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha and ifn-beta, or ifn-alpha/beta) or gamma interferon (ifn-gamma). in contrast, stat2 was absent from 2f/piv2-v cells, and ifn-alpha/beta but not ifn-gamma signaling was b ... | 2002 | 11836393 |
| paramyxovirus accessory proteins as interferon antagonists. | a new role of the paramyxovirus accessory proteins has been uncovered. the p gene of the subfamily paramyxovirinae encodes accessory proteins including the v and/or c protein by means of pseudotemplated nucleotide addition (rna editing) or by overlapping open reading frame. the respirovirus (sendai virus and human parainfluenza virus (hpiv)3) and rubulavirus (simian virus (sv)5, sv41, mumps virus and hpiv2) circumvent the interferon (ifn) response by inhibiting ifn signaling. the responsible gen ... | 2001 | 11838896 |
| both the p and v proteins of the porcine rubulavirus lpmv interact with the np protein via their respective c-terminal unique parts. | in this paper we show that the porcine rubulavirus lpmv phosphoprotein (p) and v protein (v) both interact with the nucleoprotein (np). there are also indications for an interaction between p and v with l protein. further analysis of the domains of the p and v which are necessary for interaction with the np protein demonstrates that the interaction is not mediated from their common part but instead from their unique c-terminal parts, respectively. the common n-terminus of p and v appear to media ... | 2002 | 11864739 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of the newcastle disease virus nucleocapsid protein gene and phylogenetic relationships among the paramyxoviridae. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein genes from 24 newcastle disease virus (ndv) isolates representing various pathotypes with different geographical and chronological origins were cloned and sequenced. the n-terminal region of the n protein to residue 401 was highly conserved among isolates with several conservative substitutions occurring that correlated with phylogenetic relationships. variability of the n protein was detected in the c-terminal portion similar to what has been reported for other memb ... | 2002 | 11864745 |
| requirements for budding of paramyxovirus simian virus 5 virus-like particles. | enveloped viruses are released from infected cells after coalescence of viral components at cellular membranes and budding of membranes to release particles. for some negative-strand rna viruses (e.g., vesicular stomatitis virus and ebola virus), the viral matrix (m) protein contains all of the information needed for budding, since virus-like particles (vlps) are efficiently released from cells when the m protein is expressed from cdna. to investigate the requirements for budding of the paramyxo ... | 2002 | 11907235 |
| selective stat protein degradation induced by paramyxoviruses requires both stat1 and stat2 but is independent of alpha/beta interferon signal transduction. | the alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta)-induced stat signal transduction pathway leading to activation of the isgf3 transcription complex and subsequent antiviral responses is the target of viral pathogenesis strategies. members of the rubulavirus genus of the paramyxovirus family of rna viruses have acquired the ability to specifically target either stat1 or stat2 for proteolytic degradation as a countermeasure for evading ifn responses. while type ii human parainfluenza virus induces stat2 ... | 2002 | 11932384 |
| human parainfluenza type 4 infection: a case report highlighting pathogenicity and difficulties in rapid diagnosis in the post-transplant setting. | | 2002 | 11960279 |
| human parainfluenza type 4 virus (hpiv4) infection provoking many questions regarding the role of this virus as the causative agent of respiratory tract infections in the post-transplant setting. | | 2002 | 11979316 |
| stat2 acts as a host range determinant for species-specific paramyxovirus interferon antagonism and simian virus 5 replication. | the antiviral state induced by alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta) is a powerful selective pressure for virus evolution of evasive strategies. the paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 (sv5) and human parainfluenza virus 2 (hpiv2) overcome ifn-alpha/beta responses through the actions of their v proteins, which induce proteasomal degradation of cellular ifn-alpha/beta-activated signal transducers and activators of transcription stat1 and stat2. sv5 infection induces stat1 degradation and ifn-alpha/be ... | 2002 | 12050355 |
| full length genome sequence of tioman virus, a novel paramyxovirus in the genus rubulavirus isolated from fruit bats in malaysia. | a novel paramyxovirus in the genus rubulavirus, named tioman virus (tiv), was isolated in 1999 from a number of pooled urine samples of island flying foxes (pteropus hypomelanus) during the search for the reservoir host of nipah virus. tiv is antigenically related to menangle virus (menv) that was isolated in australia in 1997 during disease outbreak in pigs. sequence analysis of the full length genome indicated that tiv is a novel member of the genus rubulavirus within the subfamily paramyxovir ... | 2002 | 12111411 |
| significant differences in nucleocapsid morphology within the paramyxoviridae. | nucleocapsid (n) proteins from representative viruses of three genera within the paramyxoviridae were expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. rna-containing structures, which appear morphologically identical to viral nucleocapsids, were isolated and subsequently imaged under a transmission electron microscope. analysis of these images revealed marked differences in nucleocapsid morphology among the genera investigated, most notably between viruses of the paramyxovirinae and th ... | 2002 | 12124447 |
| [parainfluenza virus type 4 infections]. | to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of parainfluenza virus type 4 infections in pediatric patients. | 2002 | 12139865 |
| roles for the cytoplasmic tails of the fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase proteins in budding of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5. | the efficient release of many enveloped viruses from cells involves the coalescence of viral components at sites of budding on the plasma membrane of infected cells. this coalescence is believed to require interactions between the cytoplasmic tails of surface glycoproteins and the matrix (m) protein. for the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5), the cytoplasmic tail of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein has been shown previously to be important for normal virus budding. to investigate a ... | 2002 | 12186912 |
| the carboxyl segment of the mumps virus v protein associates with stat proteins in vitro via a tryptophan-rich motif. | viruses of the paramyxovirinae, similar to other viruses, have evolved specific proteins that interdict ifn action as part of a general strategy to counteract host innate immunity. in many (but not all) cases, this interdiction is accompanied by a lowering of the intracellular levels of the stat proteins. among rubulaviruses, there is a notable variation in how they interfere with ifn action. whereas sv41, sv5, and muv all act by lowering stat1, hpiv2 acts by lowering stat2. here, we show that t ... | 2002 | 12202209 |
| regulation of fusion activity by the cytoplasmic domain of a paramyxovirus f protein. | ser virus is a member of the family paramyxoviridae, genus rubulavirus, which has been isolated from pigs. it is very closely related to sv5 virus serologically, in protein profile, and in nucleotide sequence. however, unlike sv5, ser induces minimal syncytium formation in infected cv-1 or bhk cells. fluorescence transfer experiments between labeled erythrocytes and infected mdbk cells revealed that ser also induces hemifusion and pore formation with reduced efficiency. the virion polypeptide pr ... | 2002 | 12359434 |
| seroprevalence of avian paramyxovirus 1, 2, and 3 in captive and free-living birds of prey in spain (preliminary results): implications for management of wild and captive populations. | since december 1997, 700 blood plasma samples from 31 different species of captive and free-living birds of prey from spain were analyzed by hemagglutination inhibition (hi) test for the presence of antibodies to avian paramyxovirus (apmv) 1,2, and 3. out of 700 birds, 120 tested positive for apmv-1, 10 birds had antibodies to apmv-2, and 4 birds tested positive against apmv-3. prevalence of antibodies against apmv-1 was significantly higher in captive than in free-living birds of prey and in fa ... | 2002 | 12381594 |
| the p127 subunit (ddb1) of the uv-dna damage repair binding protein is essential for the targeted degradation of stat1 by the v protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5. | the v protein of simian virus 5 (sv5) blocks interferon signaling by targeting stat1 for proteasome-mediated degradation. here we present three main pieces of evidence which demonstrate that the p127 subunit (ddb1) of the uv damage-specific dna binding protein (ddb) plays a central role in this degradation process. first, the v protein of an sv5 mutant which fails to target stat1 for degradation does not bind ddb1. second, mutations in the n and c termini of v which abolish the binding of v to d ... | 2002 | 12388698 |
| paramyxovirus strategies for evading the interferon response. | two genera, the respirovirus (sendai virus (sev) and human parainfluenza virus (hpiv3) and the rubulavirus (simian virus (sv) 5, sv41, mumps virus and hpiv2), of the three in the subfamily paramyxovirinae inhibit interferon (ifn) signalling to circumvent the ifn response. the viral protein responsible for the inhibition is the c protein for respirovirus sev and the v protein for the rubulaviruses, both of which are multifunctional accessory proteins expressed from the p gene. sev suppresses ifn- ... | 2002 | 12410527 |
| apoptosis in lymph nodes and changes in lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of pigs infected with porcine rubulavirus. | in a first experiment, five pigs were inoculated intranasally with porcine rubulavirus (porv) at 5 days of age and killed 7 days post-infection (pi). in a second experiment, four pigs were infected with the same virus at 17 days of age and killed at 9 or 15 days pi. control piglets in each experiment received uninfected cell culture supernate. all porv-infected pigs developed respiratory and nervous signs, and histological lesions of non-suppurative encephalitis and interstitial pneumonia. all c ... | 2003 | 12531681 |
| investigation of several selected adjuvants regarding their efficacy and side effects for the production of a vaccine for parakeets to prevent a disease caused by a paramyxovirus type 3. | the infection with paramyxovirus type 3 (pmv-3) of parakeets can lead to severe illness in small psittacines (neophema spp. and other parakeets) as well as in passerines (finches). the disease is characterized by acute or chronical pancreatitis and central nervous symptoms, such as torticollis as well as walking in circles and by high mortality rates in the affected flocks. as there is no licensed vaccine for psittacines available to prevent this disease. the aim of the following study was to fi ... | 2003 | 12547615 |
| the amino-terminal extensions of the longer sendai virus c proteins modulate py701-stat1 and bulk stat1 levels independently of interferon signaling. | the sendai virus (sev) c proteins are known to interact with stat1 to prevent interferon (ifn)-induced py701-stat1 formation and ifn signaling. nevertheless, py701-stat1 levels paradoxically increase during sev infection. the c proteins also induce bulk stat1 instability in some cells, similar to rubulavirus v proteins. we have found that sev infection increases py701-stat1 levels even in cells in which bulk stat1 levels strongly decrease. remarkably, both the decrease in bulk stat1 levels and t ... | 2003 | 12551969 |
| induction of apoptosis by paramyxovirus simian virus 5 lacking a small hydrophobic gene. | simian virus 5 (sv5) is a member of the paramyxovirus family, which includes emerging viruses such as hendra virus and nipah virus as well as many important human and animal pathogens that have been known for years. sv5 encodes eight known viral proteins, including a small hydrophobic integral membrane protein (sh) of 44 amino acids. sv5 without the sh gene (rsv5deltash) is viable, and growth of rsv5deltash in tissue culture cells and viral protein and mrna production in rsv5deltash-infected cel ... | 2003 | 12610112 |
| managing emerging diseases borne by fruit bats (flying foxes), with particular reference to henipaviruses and australian bat lyssavirus. | since 1994, a number of novel viruses have been described from bats in australia and malaysia, particularly from fruit bats belonging to the genus pteropus (flying foxes), and it is probable that related viruses will be found in other countries across the geographical range of other members of the genus. these viruses include hendra and nipah viruses, members of a new genus, henipaviruses, within the family paramyxoviridae; menangle and tioman viruses, new members of the rubulavirus genus within ... | 2003 | 12675937 |
| hepatitis b virus x protein and simian virus 5 v protein exhibit similar uv-ddb1 binding properties to mediate distinct activities. | the uv-damaged dna-binding activity protein (uv-ddb) consists of two subunits, ddb1 and ddb2, and functions in dna repair and cell cycle regulation. the ddb1 subunit is a target for the hepatitis b virus x protein (hbx). binding of hbx to ddb1 interferes with cell growth and viability in culture and has been implicated in the establishment of viral infection. ddb1 also interacts with the v proteins encoded by several paramyxoviruses including simian virus 5 (sv5), which prevent interferon signal ... | 2003 | 12743284 |
| stat3 ubiquitylation and degradation by mumps virus suppress cytokine and oncogene signaling. | mumps virus is a common infectious agent of humans, causing parotitis, meningitis, encephalitis, and orchitis. like other paramyxoviruses in the genus rubulavirus, mumps virus catalyzes the proteasomal degradation of cellular stat1 protein, a means for escaping antiviral responses initiated by alpha/beta and gamma interferons. we demonstrate that mumps virus also eliminates cellular stat3, a protein that mediates transcriptional responses to cytokines, growth factors, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase ... | 2003 | 12743296 |
| simian virus 5 is a poor inducer of chemokine secretion from human lung epithelial cells: identification of viral mutants that activate interleukin-8 secretion by distinct mechanisms. | we have compared chemokine secretion from human lung a549 cells infected with simian virus 5 (sv5) with other members of the rubulavirus genus of paramyxoviruses. high levels of the chemokines interleukin-8 (il-8) and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) were secreted from a549 cells infected with human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hpiv-2) but not from cells infected with wild-type (wt) sv5. the lack of il-8 secretion from sv5-infected cells was not due to a global block in all signal tra ... | 2003 | 12768033 |
| [mumps in poland in 2001]. | in 2001, 16,724 cases of mumps were reported in poland. incidence of 43.3 per 100,000 was slightly lower than in previous year. approximately 4.5% of mumps cases were hospitalised (751). children in the 5 to 9 age group were mostly affected (incidence ranged from 272.2 to 483.6). children in this age group constituted 54.1% of total number of cases. the mmr vaccine is not included into the national programme of immunisation, the vaccination is recommended on voluntary basis for 2-year and 7-year ... | 2003 | 12926308 |
| substituted benzimidazoles with nanomolar activity against respiratory syncytial virus. | a cell-based assay was used to discover compounds inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced fusion in hela/m cells. a lead compound was identified and subsequent synthesis of >300 analogues led to the identification of jnj 2408068 (r170591), a low molecular weight (mw 395) benzimidazole derivative with an ec(50) (0.16 nm) against some lab strains almost 100,000 times better than that of ribavirin (15 microm). antiviral activity was confirmed for subgroup a and b clinical isolates of h ... | 2003 | 14638397 |
| structural disorder and modular organization in paramyxovirinae n and p. | the existence and extent of disorder within the replicative complex (n, p and the polymerase, l) of paramyxovirinae were investigated, drawing on the discovery that the n-terminal moiety of the phosphoprotein (p) and the c-terminal moiety of the nucleoprotein (n) of measles virus are intrinsically unstructured. we show that intrinsic disorder is a widespread property within paramyxovirinae n and p, using a combination of different computational approaches relying on different physico-chemical co ... | 2003 | 14645906 |
| [prevalence of respiratory viruses in elderly people]. | we analysed the presence of respiratory tract viruses in 206 elderly people (more than 65 years old). to identify viruses we used immunofluorescence method. the study revealed respiratory virus infection in about one third of examined patients. we found the most frequent infection with parainfluenza viruses. we found also more frequent prevalence of respiratory viruses in the oldest subgroup (more than 75 years old). no correlation between presence of respiratory viruses and smoking, diabetes or ... | 2003 | 14682158 |
| experimental porcine rubulavirus (la piedad-michoacan virus) infection in pregnant gilts. | porcine rubulavirus (la piedad-michoacan virus) (porv-lpmv) is a member of the paramyxoviridae family that causes encephalitis in young piglets and infertility in adult sows and boars. infertility in sows naturally infected by porv-lpmv is characterized by an increased number of returns to oestrus, stillbirths and mummified fetuses. in this study, nine seronegative gilts were inoculated intranasally with the pac-3 strain of porv-lpmv at week 6 or 10 of gestation. these animals were then killed a ... | 2004 | 14693118 |
| identification of amino acids essential for the human parainfluenza type 2 virus v protein to lower the intracellular levels of the stat2. | the v protein of sv41 targets stat1, while a specific loss of stat2 is induced by the hpiv2 v protein. we established hela cells constitutively expressing various chimeric proteins between the hpiv2 and sv41 v proteins, and which stat (stat1 or 2) was expressed in these cells was analyzed. both the p-v common domain and the v specific domain of hpiv2 v protein are necessary for stat2 lowering. the internal domain (aa145-173) containing a large number of nonidentical amino acids between hpiv2 and ... | 2003 | 14698661 |
| purification of the porcine rubulavirus attachment protein by liquid isoelectric focusing. | porcine rubulavirus (porv) is an emerging virus responsible for meningoencephalitis, respiratory distress, and reproductive alterations in pigs. the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein is the most exposed and antigenic of the virus proteins. hn plays central roles in porv infection; i.e., it recognizes sialic acid-containing cell receptors that mediate virus attachment and penetration; in addition, its neuraminidase (sialic acid hydrolysis) activity has been proposed to be a virulence ... | 2004 | 15039074 |