| immunofluorescent detection of ice-ice disease-promoting bacterial strain vibrio sp. p11 of the farmed macroalga, kappaphycus alvarezii (gigartinales, rhodophyta). | a specific immunofluorescent probe consisting of polyclonal antibodies was developed to detect a marine bacterium, vibrio sp. strain p11, which was found in a previous study to promote the ice-ice disease in the cultivated red macroalga, kappaphycus alvarezii. the method involves a combined application of the fluorescent stains, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) and the p11 pabs, into a homogenized seaweed sample (<1 g wet wt), which is prediluted to make bacteria countable under an epifluore ... | 1998 | 9701641 |
| temporal mismatch between induction of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase correlates with high h2o2 concentration in seawater from clofibrate-treated red algae kappaphycus alvarezii. | algal cells have developed different strategies to cope with the common environmentally promoted generation of h(2)o(2), which include induction of catalase (cat) and ascorbate peroxidase (apx), massive h(2)o(2) release in seawater, and synthesis of volatile halocarbons by specific peroxidases. the antioxidant adaptability of the economically important carrageenophyte kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty (gigartinales: rhodophyta) was tested here against exposure to clofibrate (cfb), a known promot ... | 2003 | 14622986 |
| kinetic study of the plastoquinone pool availability correlated with h2o2 release in seawater and antioxidant responses in the red alga kappaphycus alvarezii exposed to single or combined high light, chilling and chemical stresses. | under biotic/abiotic stresses, the red alga kappaphycus alvarezii reportedly releases massive amounts of h(2)o(2) into the surrounding seawater. as an essential redox signal, the role of chloroplast-originated h(2)o(2) in the orchestration of overall antioxidant responses in algal species has thus been questioned. this work purported to study the kinetic decay profiles of the redox-sensitive plastoquinone pool correlated to h(2)o(2) release in seawater, parameters of oxidative lesions and antiox ... | 2006 | 16904624 |
| comparison of cardiovascular protective effects of tropical seaweeds, kappaphycus alvarezii, caulerpa lentillifera, and sargassum polycystum, on high-cholesterol/high-fat diet in rats. | this study was designed to investigate the comparative in vivo cardiovascular protective effects of red, green, and brown tropical seaweeds, namely, kappaphycus alvarezii (or eucheuma cottonii), caulerpa lentillifera, and sargassum polycystum, in rats fed on high-cholesterol/high-fat (hcf) diets. male sprague-dawley rats (weighing 260-300 g) on the hcf diet had significantly increased body weight, plasma total cholesterol (tc), plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c), plasma triglycer ... | 2010 | 20482284 |
| high mannose-specific lectin (kaa-2) from the red alga kappaphycus alvarezii potently inhibits influenza virus infection in a strain-independent manner. | the carbohydrate binding profile of the red algal lectin kaa-2 from kappaphycus alvarezii was evaluated by a centrifugal ultrafiltration-hplc method using pyridylaminated oligosaccharides. kaa-2 bound exclusively to high mannose type n-glycans, but not to other glycans such as complex type, hybrid type, or the pentasaccharide core of n-glycans. this lectin exhibited a preference for an exposed a1-3 man on a d2 arm in a similar manner to eucheuma serra agglutinin (esa-2), which shows various biol ... | 2011 | 21219864 |
| isolation of a new natural product and cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of extracts from fungi of indonesian marine habitats. | in the search for bioactive compounds, 11 fungal strains were isolated from indonesian marine habitats. ethyl acetate extracts of their culture broth were tested for cytotoxic activity against a urinary bladder carcinoma cell line and for antifungal and antibacterial activities against fish and human pathogenic bacteria as well as against plant and human pathogenic fungi. the crude extract of a sterile algicolous fungus (kt31), isolated from the red seaweed kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty ex p ... | 2011 | 21556160 |
| purification and characterization of a protease produced by bacillus megaterium rrm2: application in detergent and dehairing industries. | an alkaline serine protease produced by bacillus megaterium rrm2 isolated from the red alga, kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty ex silva was studied for the first time and the same analyzed for the production of protease in the present study. identification of the bacterium was done on the basis of both biochemical analysis and by 16s rdna sequence analysis. the extracellular protease obtained from b. megaterium rrm2 was purified by a three-step process involving ammonium sulphate precipitation, ... | 2011 | 21780140 |
| production and characterization of a novel protease from bacillus sp. rrm1 under solid state fermentation. | a commercially important alkaline protease, produced by bacillus sp. rrm1 isolated from the red seaweed kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty ex silva, was first recognized and characterized in the present study. identification of the isolated bacterium was done using both biochemical characterization as well as 16s rrna gene sequencing. the bacterial strain, bacillus sp. rrm1, produced a high level of protease using easily available, inexpensive agricultural residues solid-state fermentation (ssf). ... | 2011 | 21715970 |
| Detoxification of acidic catalyzed hydrolysate of Kappaphycus alvarezii (cottonii). | Red seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, holds great promise for use in biofuel production due to its high carbohydrate content. In this study, we investigated the effect of fermentation inhibitors to the K. alvarezii hydrolysate on cell growth and ethanol fermentation. In addition, detoxification of fermentation inhibitors was performed to decrease the fermentation inhibitory effect. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid, which are liberated from acidic hydrolysis, was also observed in the hydr ... | 2011 | 21909671 |
| kappaphycus alvarezii as a source of bioethanol. | the present study describes production of bio-ethanol from fresh red alga, kappaphycus alvarezii. it was crushed to expel sap--a biofertilizer--while residual biomass was saccharified at 100 °c in 0.9 n h2so4. the hydrolysate was repeatedly treated with additional granules to achieve desired reducing sugar concentration. the best yields for saccharification, inclusive of sugar loss in residue, were 26.2% and 30.6% (w/w) at laboratory (250 g) and bench (16 kg) scales, respectively. the hydrolysat ... | 2012 | 22050835 |
| high-mannose specific lectin and its recombinants from a carrageenophyta kappaphycus alvarezii represent a potent anti-hiv activity through high-affinity binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. | we previously reported that a high-mannose binding lectin kaa-2 from the red alga kappaphycus alvarezii, which is an economically important species and widely cultivated as a source of carrageenans, had a potent anti-influenza virus activity. in this study, the full-length sequences of two kaa isoforms, kaa-1 and kaa-2, were elucidated by a combination of peptide mapping and cdna cloning. they consisted of four internal tandem-repeated domains, which are conserved in high-mannose specific lectin ... | 2016 | 26661793 |
| high-mannose specific lectin and its recombinants from a carrageenophyta kappaphycus alvarezii represent a potent anti-hiv activity through high-affinity binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. | we previously reported that a high-mannose binding lectin kaa-2 from the red alga kappaphycus alvarezii, which is an economically important species and widely cultivated as a source of carrageenans, had a potent anti-influenza virus activity. in this study, the full-length sequences of two kaa isoforms, kaa-1 and kaa-2, were elucidated by a combination of peptide mapping and complementary dna (cdna) cloning. they consisted of four internal tandem-repeated domains, which are conserved in high-man ... | 2016 | 26593063 |
| evaluation of galactose adapted yeasts for bioethanol fermentation from kappaphycus alvarezii hydrolyzates. | bioethanol was produced from kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed biomass using separate hydrolysis and fermentation (shf). pretreatment was evaluated for 60 min at 121°c using 12% (w/v) biomass slurry with 364 mm h2so4. enzymatic saccharification was then carried out at 45°c for 48 h using celluclast 1.5 l. ethanol fermentation with 12% (w/v) k. alvarezii hydrolyzate was performed using the yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae kctc1126, kluyveromyces marxianus kctc7150, and candida lusitaniae atcc42720 wit ... | 2016 | 27056472 |
| evaluation of hyper thermal acid hydrolysis of kappaphycus alvarezii for enhanced bioethanol production. | hyper thermal (ht) acid hydrolysis of kappaphycus alvarezii, a red seaweed, was optimized to 12% (w/v) seaweed slurry content, 180mm h2so4 at 140°c for 5min. the maximum monosaccharide concentration of 38.3g/l and 66.7% conversion from total fermentable monosaccharides of 57.6g/l with 120gdw/l k. alvarezii slurry were obtained from ht acid hydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification. ht acid hydrolysis at a severity factor of 0.78 efficiently converted the carbohydrates of seaweed to monosaccharid ... | 2016 | 26950757 |
| evaluation of ethanol production and bioadsorption of heavy metals by various red seaweeds. | the objective of this study was to evaluate ethanol production and bioadsorption with four red seaweeds, gelidium amansii, gracilaria verrucosa, kappaphycus alvarezii and eucheuma denticulatum. to produce ethanol, thermal acid hydrolysis, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation was carried out. after pretreatment, 38.5, 39.9, 31.0 and 27.5 g/l of monosaccharides were obtained from g. amansii, g. verrucosa, k. alvarezii and e. denticulatum, respectively. ethanol fermentation was performed wit ... | 2016 | 26922420 |
| the optimization of saccharification of desulfurated red seaweed-derived polysaccharides and analysis of their composition. | currently processes of ethanol production from desulfurated red seaweed derived polysaccharides (de-rsdp) are well established. however, the optimization of the enzymatic saccharification process has not been reported. in this study, de-rsdp from kappaphycus alvarezii was subjected to saccharification by different enzymes, including pectinase, cellobiase, cellulase, and hemicellulase. the best saccharification enzyme was determined as pectinase. in order to obtain more reducing sugar (rs), the s ... | 2014 | 24117151 |
| prebiotic evaluation of red seaweed (kappaphycus alvarezii) using in vitro colon model. | red seaweed (kappaphycus alvarezii) cultivated from sabah (rss) and langkawi (rsl) were digested using in vitro mouth, gastric and duodenal model. the digested seaweed then fermented in a ph-controlled batch culture system inoculated with human faeces to mimic the distal colon. bacterial enumeration were monitored using fluorescent in situ hybridisation, and the fermentation end products, the short chain fatty acids (scfa), were analysed using hplc. both rss and rsl showed significant increase o ... | 2017 | 28393631 |
| chemical analysis and biorefinery of red algae kappaphycus alvarezii for efficient production of glucose from residue of carrageenan extraction process. | biorefineries serve to efficiently utilize biomass and their by-products. algal biorefineries are designed to generate bioproducts for commercial use. due to the high carbohydrate content of algal biomass, biorefinery to generate biofuels, such as bioethanol, is of great interest. carrageenan is a predominant polysaccharide hydrocolloid found in red macroalgae and is widely used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. in this study, we report the biorefinery of carrageenan derived from processi ... | 2016 | 27293482 |