| recovery of genomic dna from a fungus (sclerotinia homoeocarpa) with high polysaccharide content. | | 1996 | 8969829 |
| in vitro and in vivo antagonism of pathogenic turfgrass fungi by streptomyces hygroscopicus strains yced9 and wye53. | disease prevention is a current practice used to minimize fungal diseases of turfgrasses in lawns and golf greens. prevention is accomplished through fungicide applications, and by periodic thatch removal. during the development of a microbial biodethatch product utilizing the lignocellulose-degrading streptomyces hygroscopicus strains yced9 and wye53, we demonstrated using in vitro plate antagonism bioassays that both strains are antagonists of various turfgrass fungal pathogens. these activiti ... | 1999 | 10455494 |
| evaluation of polyclonal-antibody-based immunoassays for detection of sclerotinia sclerotiorum on canola petals, and prediction of stem rot. | the potential for using polyclonal-antibody-based immunoassays for detection of sclerotinia sclerotiorum on canola petals as part of a disease prediction model was investigated. a commercial elisa kit designed for sclerotinia homoeocarpa was evaluated for specificity to s. sclerotiorum in comparison to other sclerotinia spp., and known phyllosphere fungi. this polyclonal-antibody-based kit cross-reacted with antigens from other sclerotinia spp., and fungi, and absorbance values obtained from s. ... | 2000 | 10941518 |
| expression of pokeweed antiviral proteins in creeping bentgrass. | fungal diseases of creeping bentgrass, an important amenity grass used extensively on golf courses, are a serious problem in golf course management. transgenic approaches to improving disease resistance to fungal diseases are being explored in many species, and in some cases ribosome-inactivating proteins have been found to be effective. we have generated transgenic creeping bentgrass plants expressing three forms of ribosome-inactivating proteins from pokeweed, which are termed pokeweed antivir ... | 2003 | 12789454 |
| effect of foliar disease on the epiphytic yeast communities of creeping bentgrass and tall fescue. | the effect of mechanical wounding or foliar diseases caused by sclerotinia homoeocarpa or rhizoctonia solani on the epiphytic yeast communities on creeping bentgrass and tall fescue were determined by leaf washing and dilution plating. total yeast communities on healthy bentgrass and tall fescue leaves ranged from 7.9 x 103 to 1.4 x 105 cfu.cm-2 and from 2.4 x 103 to 1.6 x 104 cfu.cm-2, respectively. mechanically wounded leaves (1 of 2 trials) and leaves with disease lesions (11 of 12 trials) su ... | 2004 | 15644900 |
| in vitro attachment of phylloplane yeasts to botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotinia homoeocarpa. | the ability of yeasts to attach to hyphae or conidia of phytopathogenic fungi has been speculated to contribute to biocontrol activity on plant surfaces. attachment of phylloplane yeasts to botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotinia homoeocarpa was determined using in vitro attachment assays. yeasts were incubated for 2 d on potato dextrose agar (pda) prior to experimentation. a total of 292 yeasts cultured on pda were screened for their ability to attach to conidia of b. cinerea; 260 ... | 2004 | 15714235 |
| linkage map construction in allotetraploid creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.). | creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.) is one of the most adapted bentgrass species for use on golf course fairways and putting greens because of its high tolerance to low mowing height. it is a highly outcrossing allotetraploid species (2n=4x=28, a(2) and a(3) subgenomes). the first linkage map in this species is reported herein, and it was constructed based on a population derived from a cross between two heterozygous clones using 169 rapd, 180 aflp, and 39 heterologous cereal and 36 hom ... | 2005 | 15981010 |
| mapping qtl for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.). | dollar spot caused by sclerotinia homoeocarpa f. t. bennett is the most economically important turf disease on golf courses in north america. dollar spot resistance in a creeping bentgrass cultivar would greatly reduce the frequency, costs, and environmental impacts of fungicide application. little work has been done to understand the genetics of resistance to dollar spot in creeping bentgrass. therefore, qtl analysis was used to determine the location, number and effects of genomic regions asso ... | 2006 | 16969681 |
| breeding for disease resistance in the major cool-season turfgrasses. | over the past several decades, breeding cool-season turfgrasses for improved disease resistance has been the focus of many turfgrass breeding programs. this review article discusses the dramatic improvements made in breeding kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) for resistance to leaf spot (caused by drechslera poae), stem rust (caused by puccinia graminis), and stripe smut (caused by ustilago striiformis); perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) for resistance to gray leaf spot (caused by pyricularia ... | 2006 | 17061916 |
| a satellite rna of ophiostoma novo-ulmi mitovirus 3a in hypovirulent isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa. | abstract two genetically distinct double-stranded rna (dsrna) elements were identified in hypovirulent isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa, the causal agent of dollar spot of turfgrass. the large dsrna (l-dsrna) was consistently present in all hypovirulent isolates, whereas the small dsrna (s-dsrna) was found only in some hypovirulent isolates. virulence comparisons revealed that there was no significant difference between isolates containing one or both dsrnas. therefore, the l-dsrna appears to ... | 2004 | 18943067 |
| reassessment of vegetative compatibility of sclerotinia homoeocarpa using nitrate-nonutilizing mutants. | nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants were recovered for the first time from 21 isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa collected in the united states. mutants were selected from shredded mycelium of each isolate when cultured on water agar medium amended with 4% (wt/vol) potassium chlorate. the mutants could be classified into three phenotypes: nit1, nit3, and nitm, based on their growth on minimal medium (czapek solution agar) supplemented with nano(2) or hypoxanthine. complementary heterokaryons wer ... | 2008 | 18943245 |
| heritability of dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass. | abstract the dollar spot disease incited by sclerotinia homoeocarpa is an important disease of creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera). genetic resistance is an important control strategy and could reduce fungicide use. despite recent research, the genetic mechanism of dollar spot resistance in turfgrasses is still not fully understood. the objectives of this study were to (i) determine narrow-sense heritability and predicted gain from selection for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass ... | 2006 | 18943744 |
| hypovirulence-associated double-stranded rna from sclerotinia homoeocarpa is conspecific with ophiostoma novo-ulmi mitovirus 3a-ld. | abstract the nucleotide sequence of the hypovirulence-associated double-stranded rna (dsrna) in hypovirulent isolate sh12b of sclerotinia homoeocarpa, the causal agent of dollar spot of turf grass, was determined. this large dsrna (l-dsrna) is 2,632 bp long and is a and u rich (61.0% a+u residues). one strand of this dsrna contains an open reading frame (orf) with the potential to encode a protein of 720 amino acids. this orf contains 12 uga codons, predicted to encode tryptophan in ascomycete m ... | 2003 | 18944069 |
| suppression of dollar spot by hypovirulent isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa. | abstract selected hypovirulent isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa were evaluated for efficacy in suppressing dollar spot of turfgrass under growth room and field conditions. under growth room conditions, hypovirulent isolates sh12b, sh09b, or sh08d of s. homoeocarpa caused 3.4 to 30.4% diseased turf in comparison to virulent isolates sh48b and sh14d, which caused 80.2 to 90.2% disease. in treatments that received both virulent and hypovirulent isolates, only hypovirulent isolate sh12b significa ... | 1998 | 18944884 |
| antibiosis and antagonism of sclerotinia homoeocarpa and drechslera poae by pseudomonas fluorescens pf-5 in vitro and in planta. | abstract pseudomonas fluorescens strain pf-5, which produces several antifun-gal metabolites, including the antibiotics pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, was tested for its ability to inhibit sclerotinia homoeocarpa (causal agent of dollar spot) and drechslerapoae (causal agent of 'melting-out') in vitro and in turfgrass; tn5 mutants with altered antibiotic production also were tested. inhibition in vitro differed with the medium used, but both fungi generally were inhib ... | 1997 | 18945079 |
| hypovirulence and double-stranded rna in sclerotinia homoeocarpa. | abstract one hundred and thirty-two isolates of sclerotinia homoeocarpa, the causal agent of dollar spot of turfgrass, were evaluated for virulence on swards and detached leaves of creeping bentgrass and for the presence of double-stranded rna (dsrna). in at least four isolates, the hypovirulent phenotype was associated with the presence of specific segments of dsrna. in addition, these hypovirulent isolates often grew slowly on potato dextrose agar (pda), formed thin colonies with atypical colo ... | 1997 | 18945134 |
| rapid development of fungicide resistance by sclerotinia homoeocarpa on turfgrass. | dollar spot, caused by sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is the most prevalent and economically important turfgrass disease in north america. increasing levels of fungicide resistance, coupled with tightening environmental scrutiny of existing fungicides, has left fewer options for managing dollar spot. more knowledge about s. homoeocarpa populations is needed to improve dollar spot management strategies, especially with respect to minimizing the development of fungicide resistance. population diversity ... | 2008 | 19000004 |
| relationship between cultural factors and nematodes on merion kentucky bluegrass. | a 2-year study was conducted on merion kentucky bluegrass turf (poa pratensis) to identify potential relationships among seasonal population dynamics of nematodes, chemical applications, thatch, tillering, dollar spot caused by sclerotinia homoeocarpa, clipping weight, and other factors. numbers of tylenchorhynchus maximus determined during june were inversely related to the wet weight of grass from may. one or more monthly counts of paratylenchus hamatus, criconemella rusium, and t. maximus neg ... | 1992 | 19283225 |
| biologically active tetranorditerpenoids from the fungus sclerotinia homoeocarpa causal agent of dollar spot in turfgrass. | nine new tetranorditerpenoid dilactones (2-10), together with two previously reported norditerpenoids dilactones (1, 11), and two known putative biosynthetic intermediates, oidiolactone-e (12) and 13, were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of a culture medium of sclerotinia homoeocarpa. structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by x-ray crystallographic analysis of representative compounds. compounds were evaluated for h ... | 2009 | 19928902 |
| development and characterization of microsatellite markers of the fungal plant pathogen sclerotinia trifoliorum. | sclerotinia trifoliorum is an important pathogen of forage legumes and some grain legumes. attempts to study its population biology using microsatellite markers developed for sclerotinia sclerotiorum and sclerotinia subarctica resulted in no amplification or low levels of polymorphism. this study reports the development and characterization of 33 microsatellite loci developed from a microsatellite-enriched library of s. trifoliorum. based on a population of 42 isolates of s. trifoliorum, these m ... | 2010 | 20555438 |
| ophiostoma mitovirus 3a , ascorbic acid, glutathione, and photoperiod affect the development of stromata and apothecia by sclerotinia homoeocarpa. | hypovirulence in sclerotinia homoeocarpa is associated with infection by ophiostoma mitovirus 3a (omv3a). omv3a is also present in asymptomatic isolates, with growth and virulence comparable to that of virus-free isolates. hypovirulent isolates have impaired mitochondrial function resulting in increased activity of the alternative oxidase pathway, which is implicated in the reduction of reactive oxygen species in other fungi. in this study, hypovirulent, asymptomatic, and virus-free isolates wer ... | 2011 | 21539495 |
| large scale identification of genes involved in plant-fungal interactions using illumina's sequencing-by-synthesis technology. | deep transcriptome profiling of pathogen-infected tissues enhances the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying host-pathogen interactions. illumina's next generation sequencing technology sequencing-by-synthesis (sbs) is a powerful tool to rapidly sequence genomes and transcriptomes at an affordable rate. we modified the procedure for sbs library construction to significantly increase the efficiency of library construction. using our improved method, two sclerotinia homoeocarpa librarie ... | 2011 | 21590420 |