| morphogenic effects of ramihyphin a in filamentous fungi. | ramihyphin a at subfungistatic concentrations stimulates ramification of hyphae of filamentous fungi. stimulation of terminal ramification of hyphae that can be observed particularly in phytopathogenic fungi is most frequent. hyphae of microsporon canis, trichophyton mentagrophytes, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis and histoplasma capsulatum ramify intensively laterally. stimulation of the lateral ramification was observed in monilia fructigena, penicillium marneffei and penicilliu ... | 1975 | 1176042 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | from june 1990 to august 1991, 21 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) presented with systemic mycosis caused by penicillium marneffei. between august 1987 and august 1991, only five patients were observed who had p. marneffei infection but not hiv infection. the clinical presentation included fever, cough, and generalized papular skin lesions. for 11 of these 21 patients, the presumptive diagnosis of p. marneffei infection could be made by microscopic examination of wri ... | 1992 | 1315586 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: late presentation in an area of nonendemicity. | | 1992 | 1330015 |
| an efficacy study of itraconazole in the treatment of penicillium marneffei infection. | to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole in treating p. marneffei infection. | 1992 | 1339213 |
| in vitro sensitivity of penicillium marneffei and pythium insidiosum to various antifungal agents. | ten isolates of penicillium marneffei and eight of pythium insidiosum were tested for their in vitro sensitivity to amphotericin b, hamycin (a polyene heptaene), two water-soluble analogs of amphotericin b and hamycin, namely, jai-amb, and jai-hamycin,5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole,ketoconazole and miconazole. itraconazole manifested the strongest activity against all of the 10 isolates of p. marneffei and would be the drug of choice in the treatment of penicilliosis due to p. marne ... | 1992 | 1397206 |
| morphological variation in pathogenic strains of penicillium marneffei. | penicillium marneffei is a dimorphic fungus known to be pathogenic to animals and man. the natural reservoir of this organism was known to be bamboo rats found in south vietnam, thailand and china. the first two human infections were reported in 1959 and 1973 from the united states. up to 1984, five new cases of human penicillosis were reported from thailand. since then several more cases have been reported from different parts of the world mainly from the southern part of china. however, there ... | 1992 | 1402460 |
| immunohistochemical identification of penicillium marneffei by monoclonal antibody. | we present an experimental study on the immunohistochemical identification of penicillium marneffei in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue. the monoclonal antibody eb-a1 detects a specific galactomannan that appears to have at least one epitope identical in p. marneffei and aspergillus sp. this immunohistochemical approach could be useful in the diagnosis of a rare diseae, penicilliosis marneffei, which proves to be difficult to identify by conventional microscopy. | 1992 | 1512093 |
| penicillium marneffei: indicator disease for aids in south east asia. | | 1992 | 1558728 |
| viability of fungal cultures maintained at -70 degrees c. | one thousand four hundred forty-seven clinical and environmental isolates of molds, yeasts, aerobic actinomycetes, and algae belonging to 164 genera (382 taxa) maintained on potato dextrose agar at -70 degrees c for periods ranging from 6 months to 13 years were subcultured and then incubated at 25 degrees c to determine their viabilities. thirty-three isolates, alternaria alternata (n = 1), apophysomyces elegans (n = 1), bipolaris spicifera (n = 1), blastomyces dermatitidis (n = 4), cokeromyces ... | 1992 | 1572955 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in hiv-infected subject. | penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen predominantly affecting residents of south-east asia. we report four fatal cases from hong kong in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. the diagnosis was established by histological examination and confirmed by isolation of the fungus. the infection was disseminated with involvement of lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung, intestine and bone marrow. the involved organs showed an exclusively anergic tissue reaction characterized by a diffuse i ... | 1992 | 1577408 |
| current epidemiological trends of hiv infection in asia. | aids cases were predominantly reported from america, europe, and africa in the early stages of the aids pandemic, with only few cases reported in asia. accordingly, people in many asian countries considered aids to be only a foreign disease of little domestic threat. since then, countries have attempted to bar infected foreigners from entry and to segregate infected domestic residents from mainstream society. 1254 aids patients were reported from asia as of 1/1/92. most asian countries, howe ... | 1992 | 1606054 |
| cutaneous manifestations of disseminated penicillium marneffei mycosis in five hiv-infected patients. | five cases of disseminated penicillium marneffei mycosis of thai hiv patients, presented between november 1990 and april 1991, have been investigated. all patients were male and had bone marrow involvement. they showed mucocutaneous lesions with papules predominantly on the faces and upper extremities (5 cases), palatal papules (3 cases), and chronic genital ulcer (2 cases). p. marneffei was cultured, and the specific tissue form of the fungus was demonstrated histopathologically from skin and b ... | 1991 | 1795721 |
| immunohistochemical expression of galactomannan in the cytoplasm of phagocytic cells during invasive aspergillosis. | the monoclonal antibody eb-a1 to galactomannan is apparently specific for detecting aspergillus species and penicillium marneffei in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. it reveals hyphae, remnants of filaments, and organisms in the cytoplasm of some phagocytic cells. | 1991 | 1877535 |
| penicillium marneffei: another pathogen to consider in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1991 | 1925299 |
| fine needle aspiration diagnosis of penicillium marneffei infection. | a disseminated infection with penicillium marneffei, a rare human pathogen that may infect both healthy and immunocompromised patients, was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. the presence of yeast-form organisms with an eccentric or central dot and occasional septate and elongated forms highly suggested the diagnosis, which was confirmed on culture. establishment of the diagnosis is important because this infection is potenti ... | 1991 | 1927199 |
| detection of circulating galactomannan by pastorex aspergillus in experimental invasive aspergillosis. | the performance of pastorex aspergillus, a new latex agglutination test for the detection of circulating galactomannan in the serum of patients with invasive aspergillosis, was evaluated in a blind trial in standardized guinea-pig models of invasive aspergillosis and other invasive mycoses. in these animal models, the invasive nature of the fungal infection was confirmed by re-isolation of the etiologic agent from the organs of every animal. ninety-two plasma samples from 42 animals with invasiv ... | 1990 | 2191220 |
| ultrastructural observations on penicillium marneffei in natural human infection. | the ultrastructure of penicillium marneffei and the host response to the infection were studied in two patients. one was immunocompetent and the other an immunosuppressed renal graft recipient. in the immunocompetent patient it was observed that all the yeast cells were phagocytosed and were found either within membrane-bound vacuoles or lying freely within the cytoplasm of the macrophages. it was postulated that continuous lysosomal fusion with the phagolysosomes and multiplication of the fungi ... | 1990 | 2247907 |
| penicillium marneffei osteomyelitis. | we report a case of systemic penicillium marneffei infection in a chinese woman who presented with multiple osteolytic lesions and radiographic changes similar to those seen in other fungal osteomyelitides. this infection is often misdiagnosed as tuberculosis and has a high mortality rate. the correct diagnosis is important since early antifungal therapy is life-saving. | 1990 | 2341456 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in an aids patient. | | 1990 | 2373093 |
| antigenic relationship of penicillium marneffei to p. primulinum. | penicillium marneffei (atcc 24100) was first isolated from a naturally acquired human infection in the u.s.a. by disalvo et al. in 1973. in 1979, this isolate was studied by pitt who reidentified it as penicillium primulinum. this prompted us to examine the antigenic relationship between p. marneffei and p. primulinum by comparing their exoantigens. the antigenic relationships of 11 isolates, including the type strains of p. marneffei and p. primulinum, were examined. each exoantigen extract was ... | 1989 | 2473184 |
| mycologic investigation on rhizomys pruinous senex in guangxi as natural carrier with penicillium marneffei. | to study the natural carrier of p. marneffei experiments were done in 16 rhizomys pruinous senex, a species of bamboo rats trapped in various districts of guangxi. the results of mycological cultivation demonstrated that the natural positive carrier rate of bamboo rats was 93.1%. among the internal organs taken for culture, the lung had the highest positive rate, 87.5%; next in decreasing order was the liver (56.3%), spleen (56.3%) and mesentery lymph node (50%). thus, it is reasonable to consid ... | 1989 | 2512073 |
| [pulmonary penicillium marneffei penicilliosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | | 1989 | 2532351 |
| new spectrum of fungal infections in patients with cancer. | we report on 44 cancer patients who had serious infections with unusual fungal pathogens and who were cared for at our cancer center between 1974 and 1986. twelve different fungal species accounted for these infections, including trichosporon beigelii, fusarium species, geotrichum candidum, curvularia species, drechslera species, penicillium species (but not penicillium marneffei), rhodotorula rubra, pseudallescheria boydii, pichia farinosa, torulopsis pintolopesii, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and ... | 1989 | 2749101 |
| penicillium marneffei in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen that may infect either healthy or immunocompromised hosts. in methenamine silver-stained preparations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a patient with dermatomyositis on steroid treatment, round-to-oval intracellular and extracellular microorganisms were found. the finding of occasional septate and elongated forms established the microorganism as probably p marneffei, which was confirmed on culture. distinguishing this rare fungus from pneumocyst ... | 1989 | 2787573 |
| [histoplasmosis and other imported mycoses in 1989]. | the most common systemic mycoses imported into france are the histoplasmosis caused by h. capsulatum, which comes from black africa and from the french overseas departments and territories (guyane, martinique, guadeloupe, new caledonia), and the histoplasmosis caused by the larger h. duboisii, which is exclusively central african. in recent years, histoplasmosis has become an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with aids. blastomycosis, imported from north a ... | 1989 | 2814249 |
| penicillium marneffei infection: an update. | | 1989 | 2816832 |
| penicillium marneffei infection: a follow-up. | | 1989 | 2929510 |
| [a case of disseminated penicillium marneffei penicilliosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. | | 1988 | 2969523 |
| penicillium marneffei infection: an underdiagnosed disease? | penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen that often causes problems in clinical and histological diagnosis. a patient who presented with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and hepatosplenomegaly, and was subsequently found to be suffering from disseminated penicillium marneffei infection, is reported. the liver biopsy showed epithelioid cell granulomas only, and tuberculosis was initially considered the most likely diagnosis. the correct diagnosis became evident in a subsequent colonic biopsy, ... | 1988 | 3056826 |
| disseminated penicilliosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we describe a case of disseminated penicilliosis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. penicillium marneffei was cultured from the blood, bone marrow, sputum, stool, and skin; the yeast forms were demonstrated in skin and bone marrow biopsy specimens. to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of disseminated penicilliosis described in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the differential diagnosis with histoplasma capsulatum is reviewed. | 1988 | 3190413 |
| cryptococcal antigen survey among racing pigeon workers and patients with cryptococcosis, pythiosis, histoplasmosis and penicilliosis. | the cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination system (calas) test is simple, sensitive and specific. a total of 129 serum samples, 29 cerebrospinal fluids (csf) and one ascitic fluid from 143 subjects were tested in the study. cryptococcal antigenaemia was present in all csf specimens tested from patients with culture-proven cryptococcal meningitis and cryptococcaemia, and in 91% of tested serum from the same group of patients with cryptococcal meningitis and cryptococcaemia. the occurrence of fa ... | 1988 | 3253220 |
| infections caused by penicillium marneffei in china and southeast asia: review of eighteen published cases and report of four more chinese cases. | one accidental and 17 natural human infections caused by penicillium marneffei have been reported in the literature. the accidental infection, in paris, followed inoculation of a culture from a vietnamese bamboo rat into the finger of a mycologist. all patients with natural infections had lived or traveled in the far east. nine of these patients were chinese, all from guangxi zhuang autonomous region. the four additional infections from guangxi reported herein bring the total to 21 natural infec ... | 1988 | 3293165 |
| systemic mycosis due to penicillium marneffei in a patient with antibody to human immunodeficiency virus. | systemic mycosis due to penicillium marneffei is described in a man infected with human immunodeficiency virus and who had travelled in s.w. china. he responded completely to treatment with amphotericin b and a prolonged course of ketoconazole. problems of diagnosis are discussed and all previously reported cases reviewed. | 1988 | 3294300 |
| human penicilliosis marneffei and its relation to the bamboo rat (rhizomys pruinosus). | fourteen cases of penicilliosis marneffei occurred in persons in the guangxi region of the people's republic of china; the first known case of that disease had been found in vietnamese bamboo rats (rhizomys sinensis). a survey of the wild rats in this region was initiated to determine if any of these animals were infected by penicillium marneffei. although r. sinensis rats live in the study area, they are relatively rare. the only rats captured were another species of bamboo rat (r. pruinosus). ... | 1986 | 3783360 |
| chronic lymphadenopathy caused by penicillium marneffei: a condition mimicking tuberculous lymphadenopathy. | | 1986 | 3790946 |
| a case of invasive penicilliosis in hong kong with immunologic evaluation. | a 53-yr-old chinese sailor developed prolonged pyrexia with unresolved lobar pneumonia, cervical lymphadenopathy, generalized subcutaneous abscesses, and pericardial effusion. penicillium marneffei was isolated from pericardial fluid and subcutaneous pus and was demonstrated on histologic sections of lymph nodes and lung tissue. the penicilliosis was treated successfully with amphotericin b, ketoconazole, and 5-fluorocytosine. subsequently, he also developed other t-lymphocyte-related opportunis ... | 1985 | 3873195 |
| progressive disseminated penicilliosis caused by penicillium marneffei--unfortunate omission. | | 1986 | 3953512 |
| progressive disseminated penicilliosis caused by penicillium marneffei. report of eight cases and differentiation of the causative organism from histoplasma capsulatum. | eight patients with fatal penicilliosis caused by penicillium marneffei are reported. all were natives of southern rural guangxi, and none had a predisposing illness or evidence of altered immunity. the distinctive features of p. marneffei include proliferation of yeast-like cells within histiocytes, followed by the development of focal necrosis and, eventually, large abscesses. outside the histiocytes, the fungi elongate, become slightly curved, and form septa. in vitro, p. marneffei produces a ... | 1985 | 4036861 |
| dimorphism of penicillium marneffei as observed by electron microscopy. | | 1973 | 4128470 |
| infection caused by penicillium marneffei: description of first natural infection in man. | | 1973 | 4720403 |
| exoantigen tests for the immunoidentification of fungal cultures. | exoantigen tests for the immunoidentification of fungal pathogens are playing a new and significant role in the diagnostic laboratory. properly performed and controlled exoantigen tests lead to rapid, accurate identification of cultures of many fungal pathogens. the tests are particularly valuable in identifying dimorphic pathogens that are difficult to convert or with atypical cultures. we review the value of exoantigen tests for identifying mycelial form fungi: aspergillus spp. blastomyces der ... | 1983 | 6410243 |
| penicilliosis marneffei in thailand: report of five human cases. | the first two cases of penicillium marneffei infection in humans were reported in 1959 and 1973. there had been no additional clinical reports of penicilliosis marneffei, until the five new cases of human infection described in this paper, the first from thailand. the patients, three of whom died, came from various parts of the country. their common clinical manifestations were fever and generalized lymphadenopathy, with multiple soft tissue, bone, joint and pulmonary involvement. pericarditis w ... | 1984 | 6476209 |
| imported penicilliosis marneffei in the united states: report of a second human infection. | the first natural infection due to penicillium marneffei in a human was reported in the united states in 1973. we describe a second case of penicilliosis marneffei that was diagnosed in florida. in both instances, the patients had a history of travel in southeast asia where p. marneffei is endemic. the florida patient had recurrent episodes of hemoptysis attributed to bronchitis and bronchiectasis. in spite of therapy with various antibacterial antibiotics for tuberculosis, the granulomatous les ... | 1984 | 6505916 |
| paecilomyces lilacinus (thom) samson, from systemic infection in an armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | paecilomyces lilacinus was recovered in culture from pulmonary lesions and other internal organs of a captive armadillo. impression films and smears of the lung tissue revealed numerous budding yeast-like cells, many of them appearing encapsulated and resembling intracellular forms of histoplasma capsulatum. yeast-like forms developed in culture on appropriate media at 35 degrees c. the armadillo isolate was compared in culture at both 27 degrees c and 35 degrees c with bamboo rat and human isol ... | 1984 | 6539506 |
| development of specific fluorescent-antibody test for tissue form of penicillium marneffei. | the diagnosis of penicilliosis marneffei can be difficult because the clinical manifestations mimic those of tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, and other mycotic infections. furthermore, the tissue form of penicillium marneffei can be confused with those of histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans. to facilitate the rapid detection and identification of p. marneffei in clinical materials, we sought to develop a specific indirect fluorescent-antibody (ifa) reagent for this dimorphic pathogen ... | 1995 | 7559962 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei: presenting illness of advanced hiv infection; a clinicopathological review, illustrated by a case report. | until recently penicillium marneffei rarely caused human disease. it is now a frequently encountered opportunistic mycosis in hiv positive residents of, and travellers to, south-east asia. | 1995 | 7603743 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. a report of two cases. | we present the cytologic and histologic features of two cases of penicillium marneffei (pm) infection occurring in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients following a journey to endemic areas. pm closely resembles histoplasma capsulatum, in both its morphology and tissue reactions. distinctive histologic features and culture provide the definitive diagnosis. the presence of a pm infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient returning from an endemic area should be considere ... | 1995 | 7631559 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in a patient with sle. | we describe a patient with sle who was infected by the fungus penicillium marneffei. she was initially misdiagnosed as having disseminated tuberculosis. the correct diagnosis was finally made by bone marrow culture and she responded to a prolonged course of amphotericin b, flucytosine and itraconazole. the clinical presentation and histology of penicilliosis are very similar to those of mycobacterium tuberculosis. in southeast asia, penicilliosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis ... | 1995 | 7655496 |
| ethnic and geographic differences and similarities of hiv/aids-related mucocutaneous diseases. danida study groups. | a study on hiv/aids-related mucocutaneous manifestations has been carried out in three different ethnic and geographic areas, namely brazil, denmark, and thailand. | 1995 | 7657441 |
| phylogeny and pcr identification of the human pathogenic fungus penicillium marneffei. | the phylogenetic position of the human pathogenic fungus penicillium marneffei was assessed from the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal dna regions. phylogenetic analysis determined that p. marneffei is closely related to species of penicillium subgenus biverticillium and sexual talaromyces species with asexual biverticillate penicillium states. knowledge of the phylogenetic position of p. marneffei facilitated the design of unique oligonucleotide primers, from the n ... | 1995 | 7699073 |
| pulmonary penicillosis marneffei: report of the first imported case in canada. | a 57-year-old female, born in laos and who had lived in thailand prior to immigrating to canada in 1989, was seen by her physician with a chief complaint of cough and dyspnea. her chest x-ray showed bilateral pulmonary air fluid levels. a fungus, with a diffusible red pigment, tentatively identified as penicillium marneffei, was isolated from the patient's bronchial washings and sputum specimens. at 37 degrees c, the fungus converted to a yeast form when cultured on brain heart infusion agar. mi ... | 1994 | 7708089 |
| profile of opportunistic infections among hiv-1 infected people in hong kong. | to determine the spectrum of opportunistic infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection in hong kong. | 1995 | 7750052 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in an aids patient--a first case report from malaysia. | we report a 39-year-old male who presented with tuberculous meningitis and was found also to be hiv-infected. in the course of his illness, he developed multiple opportunistic infections such as herpes genitalis, oesophageal candidiasis, cmv retinitis and finally succumbed to penicillium marneffei septicaemia. | 1995 | 7752960 |
| update of penicillosis marneffei in thailand. review article. | penicillium marneffei is endemic in southeast asia. although thailand is a country in this region, penicillosis marneffei was rare. it was found occasionally in immunocompromised patients. with the increasing incidence of hiv seropositivity penicillosis marneffei emerged as one of the major problems in hiv infected patients residing in thailand. the common presenting signs were fever, anemia, hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy. productive cough and a common skin manifestation as molluscum contagiosum ... | 1994 | 7808507 |
| the emerging epidemic of hiv infection and aids in asia and the pacific. | the countries of asia in 1988 did not seem to be at great risk of sharing in the virtually global hiv/aids epidemic. hiv transmission was not occurring on a large scale in those countries and no dominant pattern of transmission had been established. that situation has, however, dramatically changed such that asia and the pacific are now fully part and parcel of the global pandemic. indeed, australia and new zealand were among the first developed countries to record high rates of aids incidenc ... | 1994 | 7857551 |
| late manifestations of hiv in asia and the pacific. | late-stage hiv infection is characterized by profound immunodeficiency with a progressive and irreversible decline in the cd4 count, functional impairment of cellular and humoral immunity, and evidence of increased viral replication, with the appearance of p24 antigenemia and increasing levels of beta(2)-microglobulin and neopterin. these changes are associated with increased susceptibility to many infections, the emergence of malignancies, and neurological complications due to the direct infec ... | 1994 | 7857567 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in southeast asia. | disseminated infection with the fungal pathogen penicillium marneffei is, after extrapulmonary tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis, the third most common opportunistic infection in hiv disease in northern thailand. we report the clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic features of a large series of hiv-infected adults with disseminated p marneffei infection. from august, 1987, to june, 1992, 92 patients with p marneffei infection confirmed by culture were seen at chiang mai university hos ... | 1994 | 7912350 |
| serodiagnosis of penicillium marneffei infection. | diagnosis of penicillium marneffei infection is often made late. we evaluated an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for p marneffei in serum from 103 patients with persistent fever and from 78 normal subjects. germinating conidia (initial tissue-invasion phase) and yeast-hyphae (tissue multiplication phase) forms were used as antigen. all 8 documented p marneffei cases (8%) had an igg titre of 160 or more; the other 95 patients and all the healthy controls had an igg titre of 40 or below. ... | 1994 | 7914566 |
| the aids epidemic. | the nature of the clinical presentation of hiv infection continues to evolve over time. new cutaneous (e.g., seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, and tinea pedis) and systemic (e.g., aspergillus fumigatus and penicillium marneffei) opportunistic fungal infections can now be added to the classic clinical markers for progressive hiv infection, such as kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, mycobacterium avium intercellulare infections, and cryptococcal meningitis. the fact that the app ... | 1994 | 7915731 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection with cutaneous lesions in an hiv-positive patient. | we report the occurrence of disseminated penicillium marneffei infection with typical skin lesions, in an hiv-positive man. his symptoms resolved, and the skin lesions healed completely, after 2 weeks' oral therapy with fluconazole. | 1994 | 7917996 |
| penicilliosis marneffei infection in aids. | penicillium marneffei infection has emerged as a new potential indicator disease for aids in southeast asia. we report two additional cases of p. marneffei infection in patients infected with hiv who had traveled to endemic areas and review the mucocutaneous features of previously reported cases. our two patients had many of the typical features associated with invasive infection: fever, weight loss, anemia, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as skin ... | 1994 | 7962732 |
| a french case of laboratory-acquired disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in a patient with aids. | | 1994 | 7986922 |
| osteoarticular penicilliosis marneffei. a report of eight cases and review of the literature. | penicillium marneffei, a dimorphic fungus that is endemic in southeast asia and the southern part of china, can cause infections in both healthy and immunocompromised hosts. bone and joint infections caused by this fungus have rarely been described. the clinical features of eight patients with bone and joint infections caused by this fungus are reported. the english literature on p. marneffei osteoarticular infection is reviewed. | 1994 | 8000744 |
| penicillium marneffei infection in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1993 | 8108210 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection diagnosed on examination of a peripheral blood smear of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | we describe a case of disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. the diagnosis was made by examination of a peripheral blood smear. the patient presented with fever, jaundice, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and an erythematous, papular rash. microscopic examination of a wright's-stained peripheral blood smear revealed many yeast cells in neutrophils. some yeast cells had clear central septation. presumptive diagnosis of ... | 1994 | 8161635 |
| retropharyngeal abscess caused by penicillium marneffei: an unusual cause of upper airway obstruction. | | 1994 | 8170692 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection as an imported disease in hiv-1 infected patients. description of two cases and a review of the literature. | two cases of disseminated penicillium marneffei infection, as an imported disease, in hiv-1-infected patients with a severe immunodeficiency are reported. these patients had a history of travel in southeast asia where p. marneffei is endemic. fever, cough, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, anaemia, skin lesions and mucosal ulcers are the main clinical characteristics. differentiation from histoplasmosis and leishmaniasis might be difficult. treatment with amphotericin b was successful. anti-fungal ma ... | 1994 | 8202201 |
| tropical respiratory medicine. 1. pulmonary infections in the tropics: impact of hiv infection. | infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis is so common in tropical areas that the world health organization (who) estimates more than 75% of the 8-10 million new cases of tuberculosis (tb) annually occur therein. infection with hiv is also common in the tropics; the who estimated in 1992 that 9-11 million adults were infected with hiv, mostly in developing countries. this tropical overlap of hiv infection and pulmonary pathogens makes pulmonary infections a common manifestation of hiv infectio ... | 1994 | 8202911 |
| response to antifungal therapy by human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with disseminated penicillium marneffei infections and in vitro susceptibilities of isolates from clinical specimens. | eighty-six patients with laboratory evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection presented to chiang mai university hospital in chiang mai, thailand, between 1 june 1990 and 30 june 1992 with systemic infection caused by the dimorphic fungus penicillium marneffei. thirty isolates of p. marneffei from clinical specimens from these patients were tested for their in vitro susceptibilities to amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, miconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole. p. marneffe ... | 1993 | 8285625 |
| in vitro susceptibility of mycelial and yeast forms of penicillium marneffei to amphotericin b, fluconazole, 5-fluorocytosine and itraconazole. | the mycelial (25 degrees c) and yeast-like (37 degrees c) forms of penicillium marneffei clinical and type strains were investigated for their in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin b (amb), 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc), fluconazole (flu) and itraconazole (itz), using bacto antibiotic medium 3, yeast-nitrogen, sabouraud's dextrose (ph 5.7) and high resolution (ph 7.1) broth media (1ml/tube), respectively. results indicated that the minimal inhibitory and minimal fungicidal concentrations (mics and m ... | 1993 | 8307142 |
| [hiv-associated penicillium marneffei infection]. | we report on an hiv positive patient with a disseminated penicillium marneffei infection. a 35-year-old swiss homosexual male with hiv-associated immunodeficiency with a cd4 cell count of 90/mm3 presented with a two-month history of malaise, intermittent fever, loss of weight, unproductive cough and widespread molluscum contagiosum-like skin lesions, mainly on the face. the patient had travelled extensively and had last visited thailand 19 months before admission. the chest x-ray showed bilatera ... | 1993 | 8456267 |
| treatment and serological studies of an italian case of penicilliosis marneffei contracted in thailand by a drug addict infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | a case of disseminated penicilliosis marneffei, the first to be diagnosed in italy, is described in a male hiv-positive drug addict. the patient had visited thailand several times in the two years prior to his hospitalization. the presenting signs were fever, productive cough, facial skin papules and pustules, nodules on both thumbs and oropharyngeal candidiasis. penicillium marneffei was isolated from a series of blood specimens with the lysis centrifugation procedure. septate, yeast-like cells ... | 1993 | 8472804 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection associated with human immunodeficiency virus: a report of two cases and a review of 35 published cases. | penicillium marneffei, a dimorphic fungus that is endemic in southeast asia, causes deep-seated infection in humans and rodents. about 20 cases have been reported among the local populations of china, thailand, and hong kong, and 35 cases have now been described in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). we present a review of the literature and report two additional cases. both immunocompromised and apparently immunocompetent hosts tend to develop disseminated, symptomati ... | 1993 | 8483110 |
| survival of aids patients in the emerging epidemic in bangkok, thailand. | survival from the time of aids diagnosis to death was determined retrospectively among thai patients (> or = 13 years old) who attended a public tertiary care infectious disease hospital in a suburb of bangkok, thailand, from february 1987 through february 1993. an aids diagnosis was based on the 1987 centers for disease control (cdc) definition, except penicillium marneffei infection was included as an aids-defining condition. of 329 aids patients, 152 (46.2%) had died. the median age at diagno ... | 1996 | 8528736 |
| efficiency of the flotation method in the isolation of penicillium marneffei from seeded soil. | the efficiency of a modified flotation method for the isolation of penicillium marneffei from soils has been evaluated. about 80% was recovered from sterilized soil freshly seeded with p. marneffei (100 conidia/1.5 g soil). when seeded non-sterile soil was used (at least 100 seeded conidia/1.5 g soil), p. marneffei could be effectively recovered by employing a combination of the flotation method and the mouse inoculation method. | 1995 | 8531027 |
| occurrence of penicillium marneffei infections among wild bamboo rats in thailand. | penicilliosis marneffei has emerged as an endemic systemic mycosis in southeast asia among humans and wild bamboo rats. to gain an insight into the epidemiology of this life-threatening disease, a survey of bamboo rats for natural infections by penicillium marneffei was carried out in the central plains of thailand during june-september, 1987. thirty-one lesser bamboo rats (cannomys badius) and eight hoary bamboo rats (rhizomys pruinosus) were trapped. portions of their internal organs were cult ... | 1995 | 8532047 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. | disseminated infection with the fungus penicillium marneffei is one of the most common opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease in northern thailand. we report the clinical, laboratory and therapeutic features of 21 human immunodeficiency virus-infected children with disseminated p. marneffei who were prospectively followed. significant clinical and laboratory features included generalized lymphadenopathy (90%), hepatomegaly (90%), body temperature > 38.5 degrees c ... | 1995 | 8584358 |
| fungal infections: a growing threat. | the emergence of newly identified fungal pathogens and the reemergence of previously uncommon fungal diseases is primarily related to increases in the numbers of susceptible persons: people with hiv infection, bone marrow and organ transplant recipients, cancer patients being treated with chemotherapy, critically ill persons, and very low birth weight ( < or = 1500 g) infants. these immunocompromised populations are at risk for infection not only with opportunistic pathogens (for example, pneumo ... | 1996 | 8643813 |
| seasonal variation of disseminated penicillium marneffei infections in northern thailand: a clue to the reservoir? | disseminated penicillium marneffei infections are common aids-defining opportunistic infections among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in northern thailand. penicilliosis due to p. marneffei is the third most frequent aids-defining infection in this population, after tuberculosis and cryptococcosis. very little is known about the epidemiology and natural reservoir of p. marneffei. the seasonal distribution of two common aids-defining fungal infections was compared among ... | 1996 | 8648227 |
| unusual cause of fever and diarrhea in a patient with aids. penicillium marneffei infection. | penicillium marneffei is an opportunistic pathogen predominantly found in southeast asia. systemic infection of penicillium marneffei has protean manifestations including fever, weight loss, anaemia, skin lesions, and lymphadenopathy. we report a rare case of penicillium colitis in an aids patient who responded successfully to a course of amphotericin b therapy. | 1996 | 8654154 |
| penicillium marneffei part of southeast asian aids. | | 1996 | 8656513 |
| disseminated penicillium marneffei infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | penicillium marneffei is a rare human pathogen in southeast asia and southern china. a 26-year-old heterosexual male had intermittent fever, diarrhea and weight loss for 3 months. he was severely immune deficient (cd4+ count, 4/microl) and serologic tests for antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 were positive. p. marneffei infection was disseminated with involvement of the liver, spleen and bone marrow. the diagnosis was established by histologic examination and confirmed by is ... | 1995 | 8696174 |
| preventing opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons: implications for the developing world. | more than 18 million persons in the world are estimated to have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), the cause of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). as immunodeficiency progresses, these persons become susceptible to a wide variety of opportunistic infections (ois) the spectrum of ois varies among regions of the world. tuberculosis is the most common serious oi in sub-saharan africa and is also more common in latin america and in asia than in the united states. bact ... | 1996 | 8702012 |
| the new fungal opportunists are coming. | frequent and prolonged exposure of immunocompromised patients to a variety of environmental conditions has resulted in the recognition of infections with new fungal opportunists. infections with fungi such as fusarium species, paecilomyces lilacinus, acremonium species, trichosporon beigelii, blastoschizomyces capitatus, malassezia furfur, penicillium marneffei, scedosporium prolificans, and other dematiaceous species have become significant problems in the treatment of immunocompromised hosts. ... | 1996 | 8722837 |
| rhizomys sumatrensis and cannomys badius, new natural animal hosts of penicillium marneffei. | the incidence of penicillium marneffei infection has increased substantially, especially in persons with hiv infection. very little is known about the natural reservoirs or animal hosts of p. marneffei. this pathogenic fungus was first isolated from a species of bamboo rat (rhizomys sinensis) in vietnam and later from another rodent species, r. pruinosus. we studied a total of 75 captured bamboo rats; p. marneffei could be isolated from the internal organs of 13 of 14 (92.8%) of large bamboo rat ... | 1996 | 8732355 |
| infection with penicillium marneffei. | | 1996 | 8737870 |
| systemic penicillium marneffei infection in a german aids patient. | | 1996 | 8740866 |
| the first one hundred aids cases in hong kong. | to study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the first 100 reported aids cases in hong kong. | 1996 | 8758375 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of penicillium marneffei. | forty-six isolates of penicillium marneffei were differentiated into two dna types on the basis of their restriction fragment length polymorphisms. of the 22 human isolates of p. marneffei, 16 (72.7%) were type i and 6 (27.3%) were type ii. of the 23 bamboo rat isolates, 20 from rhizomys sumatrensis were type i and 3 from cannomys badius were type ii. the soil isolate was type ii. these data represent the first molecular epidemiological study of this important emerging fungal pathogen. | 1996 | 8784605 |
| universal fungus-specific primer systems and group-specific hybridization oligonucleotides for 18s rdna. | we designed two primer systems that amplify a fragment of the gene coding for the small ribosomal subunit (18s rrna). a broadly reactive, yet fungus-specific, primer cocktail comprises two previously published primers, tr1 and tr2, which specifically amplify dermatophytes, and two newly designed primers, ca1 and af2, which specifically amplify candida and aspergillus respectively. this primer cocktail amplifies a dna fragment of approximately 578 basepairs (bp) in length (from position 838 to 14 ... | 1996 | 8786753 |
| infection due to penicillium marneffei, an emerging pathogen: review of 155 reported cases. | a disseminated and progressive infection, penicilliosis marneffei is the third most common opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients in certain parts of southeast asia. penicillium marneffei is endemic in southeast asia and the southern part of china. cases have been reported from both eastern and western countries. this review discusses the history, epidemiology, mycology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of penicilliosis marneffei, on the ... | 1996 | 8816141 |
| treatment of fungal infection in aids. | fungal infections affect virtually all patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). superficial infection (seborrheic dermatitis, tinea capitis, tinea corporis and tinea cruris) is more common than in the general population and can be difficult to eradicate. mucosal disease (oropharyngeal, oesophageal and vaginal candidosis) is very common and often recurs. in advanced aids, patients usually fail to respond to topical therapy and often to systemic therapy and isolates of candida ... | 1996 | 8818831 |
| diagnostic antigenemia tests for penicilliosis marneffei. | disseminated penicilliosis marneffei is an emerging opportunistic mycosis seen in severely immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients and is caused by the dimorphic fungus penicillium marneffei. early diagnosis and treatment improve clinical outcome. proper diagnosis is complicated by nonspecific signs and symptoms and by difficulties in histologic recognition and species identification of the pathogen. since no established immunodiagnostic methods for penicilliosis m ... | 1996 | 8880509 |
| [therapeutic effect of interleukin-12 in the murine model of pulmonary infection with penicillium marneffei]. | | 1996 | 8890553 |
| [recent progress in molecular diagnostic technology in clinical mycology]. | diagnosing deep-seated mycoses continues to be a major challenge for the clinician. the non-culture-dependent laboratory assay with high sensitivity and specificity are needed for rapid diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses. the most promising methodology that has this potential is the detection of fungus-specific dna. over the last five years, increasing numbers of papers were published which document the molecular biological assays feasible to detect fungus-specific dna sequences in clinical specim ... | 1996 | 8890598 |
| emerging disease issues and fungal pathogens associated with hiv infection. | fungal diseases are increasing among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1. infections due to candida and cryptococcus are the most common. although mucocutaneous candidiasis can be treated with oral antifungal agents, increasing evidence suggests that prolonged use of these drugs results in both clinical and microbiologic resistance. the optimal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis remains unresolved, although initial treatment with amphotericin b, followed by life-lon ... | 1996 | 8903210 |
| cell-mediated immunity in host resistance against infection caused by penicillium marneffei. | penicillium marneffei is one of the most important opportunistic infectious pathogens in aids patients in thailand and southeast asia. however, very little is known about the host defence mechanisms against p. marneffei infection. in the present study, we established the first experimental murine model of chronic pulmonary and disseminated infection using p. marneffei, and examined the immunological response to such infection in euthymic and athymic mice. in this model, micro-organisms inoculate ... | 1996 | 8971625 |
| development of an in vitro macrophage system to assess penicillium marneffei growth and susceptibility to nitric oxide. | we investigated the effect of nitric oxide (no) and reactive nitrogen intermediates on the in vitro growth of penicillium marneffei both in a cell-free system and in a novel macrophage culture system. in the cell-free system, no that was chemically generated from nano2 in acid media (ph 4 and 5) markedly inhibited the growth of p. marneffei. on the contrary, inhibition of growth did not occur in neutral medium (ph 7.4) in which no was not produced. p. marneffei conidia were phagocytized by nonst ... | 1997 | 8975924 |
| cd4+ t cell-mediated fatal hyperinflammatory reactions in mice infected with penicillium marneffei. | in the present study, we demonstrate that all mice survived when a low dose of penicillium marneffei was instilled intratracheally, while severe infection induced by instillation of 1 x 10(8) and 1 x 10(7) colony-forming units (cfu) killed all and 50% of mice, respectively, within 14 days, although the number of live microorganisms in the lungs of these animals was found to decrease with time. the cellular inflammatory responses in the lungs were much more striking in mice with severe infection ... | 1997 | 9067519 |
| in vitro studies of activity of voriconazole (uk-109,496), a new triazole antifungal agent, against emerging and less-common mold pathogens. | the in vitro activity of voriconazole was compared with that of itraconazole. eighty-six isolates of pathogenic molds belonging to 23 species were tested by an agar dilution method in high resolution medium. voriconazole was more active than itraconazole against a number of hyaline molds, including several fusarium spp. and scedosporium prolificans. voriconazole and itraconazole showed comparable good activity against several hyaline molds, including penicillium marneffei and scedosporium apiosp ... | 1997 | 9087501 |