| isolation and preliminary characterisation of a novel retrovirus isolated from a leukaemic dog. | a novel canine retrovirus was isolated from mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood of a leukaemic dog. the main clinical and pathological findings in this dog were lethargy, anorexia, weakness, dyspnoea, severe anaemia, thrombocytopenia and a high white blood cell count, practically all of which were lymphoblasts. the virus was isolated from mononuclear cells obtained from the blood, cocultivated with indicator cells. the virus particles encode a reverse transcriptase with mg++ preference, ha ... | 1992 | 1374929 |
| propagation and characterization of novel canine lentivirus isolated from a dog. | we have recently isolated a novel canine lentivirus (canine immunodeficiency virus, [civ]) from a leukemic dog. the virus was isolated from buffy coat cells obtained from the leukemic dog co-cultivated with indicator cells. the virus particles encode a reverse transcriptase with a preference for magnesium, have a density of 1.16 g/ml in sucrose, and induce syncytia in permissive cell lines such as himalayan tahr ovary and canine fetal thymus. civ replicates to high titer and highly purified viru ... | 1992 | 1376381 |
| transforming potential of a retrovirus isolated from lung carcinoma of sheep. | a retrovirus isolated from experimentally induced sheep lung carcinoma (spctv) was propagated in chronically infected himalayan tahr ovarian cells and in normal sheep lung cells. follow-up of infection of the cells with spctv showed the appearance of syncytium, plaque formation, partial recovery and the establishment of a chronic infection. virus-associated reverse transcriptase activity in the medium fluctuated but remained at a constantly high level at the stage of chronic infection. stages of ... | 1985 | 2580802 |
| molecular cloning of integrated caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. | a full-length dna clone of the exogenous retrovirus, caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (caev), was isolated from high molecular weight dna of caev-infected himalayan tahr ovary cells. although other restriction maps of caev have been published, this is the first time that the proviral dna has been cloned. the restriction enzyme map of the clone was determined and found to be identical to that of unintegrated linear caev dna except for the presence of cellular flanking sequences. these finding ... | 1985 | 2992157 |
| on the karyotype of the tahr hemitragus jemlahicus and the y-chromosome of goats and sheep. | | 1967 | 5594786 |
| morphological and immunological comparison of caprine arthritis encephalitis and ovine progressive pneumonia viruses. | caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (caev) causes a variety of pathological conditions ranging from mild to very severe and from acute to chronic, depending upon the age of initial infection and other variables. although the virus has been reported to have properties of characteristic of retroviruses and to be related to maedi-visna virus (also called progressive pneumonia virus [ppv]), relatively little information about its morphological and immunological characteristics has been reported. we ... | 1981 | 6169845 |
| retinal degeneration in two himalayan tahrs. | | 1982 | 7174484 |
| phosphorothioate oligonucleotides inhibit the replication of lentiviruses and type d retroviruses, but not that of type c retroviruses. | phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides at a concentration of 2 microm protected himalayan tahr cells from infection by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (caev) and equine dermis cells from infection by equine infectious anemia virus (eiav). the characteristics of this inhibition against these lentiviruses are similar to those previously described for the inhibition of hiv-1 in ath8 cells [17]. thus, the 28-mer homo-oligomer of cytidine [s-(dc)28] was at least as effective as three ... | 1994 | 7826217 |
| characterization of cdnas species encoding the tat protein of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. | two distinct species of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (caev) tat cdnas were isolated early after infection of a himalayan tahr cell line. sequence analyses predicted that one cdna (pcev/e1) represented a polycistronic transcript that encodes tat and rev as well as an n-terminally truncated transmembrane protein and a protein, designated x, whose function is unknown; whereas the other cdna (pcev/f1) encodes tat and the env gene products. pcev/e1 trans-activated a caev ltr-chloramphenicol a ... | 1994 | 7941354 |
| two species of rev proteins, with distinct n termini, are expressed by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. | several cdna clones representing alternatively spliced rev-specific transcripts were isolated from a cdna library prepared from himalayan tahr cells infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (caev). we previously characterized two rev-like cdna species, d1 and d2, and a tat e1 cdna containing the rev coding sequence downstream to the tat. in these cdnas, the rev coding domain derives its amino terminus from the n terminus of env, which is spliced to the 3' open reading frame encoding th ... | 1996 | 8642706 |
| shoulder joint luxation in large animals: 14 cases (1976-1997). | to determine clinical and radiographic findings in and treatment and outcome of large animals with shoulder joint luxations. | 1998 | 9838963 |
| mitochondrial dna from myotragus balearicus, an extinct bovid from the balearic islands. | dna was extracted from teeth and bones of myotragus balearicus, a bovid that evolved in isolation on the balearic islands (western mediterranean) from the end of the miocene, becoming extinct 4,000 years bp, after the arrival of humans in the islands. the numerous morphological apomorphies of myotragus, most strikingly its dwarfism, frontal eyes, and ever-growing incisors, obscure its phylogenetic relationships with extant bovids. therefore, the recovery of genetic information from myotragus is ... | 2000 | 10750053 |
| erythrocyte survival studies in the himalayan tahr and domestic goats. | | 1962 | 14453587 |
| myostatin rapid sequence evolution in ruminants predates domestication. | myostatin (gdf-8) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development. this gene has previously been implicated in the double muscling phenotype in mice and cattle. a systematic analysis of myostatin sequence evolution in ruminants was performed in a phylogenetic context. the myostatin coding sequence was determined from duiker (sylvicapra grimmia caffra), eland (taurotragus derbianus), gaur (bos gaurus), ibex (capra ibex), impala (aepyceros melampus rednilis), pronghorn (antilocapra american ... | 2004 | 15522803 |
| molecular evidence for the polyphyly of the genus hemitragus (mammalia, bovidae). | the genus hemitragus includes three species of tahr distributed in distant geographical areas: the himalayan tahr, h. jemlahicus, occupies the southern flanks of the himalaya mountains; the nilgiri tahr, h. hylocrius, is endemic to southern india; and the arabian tahr, h. jayakari, is unique to the mountains of south-east arabia. all previous investigations were based on morphology, and these three species together have never been included in a molecular phylogenetic study. in this study, we con ... | 2005 | 15904863 |
| comparisons between mitochondrial genomes of domestic goat (capra hircus) reveal the presence of numts and multiple sequencing errors. | in the present study, we amplified and sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome from a vietnamese domestic goat (capra hircus). the data were compared with mtdna sequences available in the nucleotide databases. | 2010 | 20540682 |
| detection and characterization of bovine-like coronaviruses from four species of zoo ruminants. | five coronaviruses (covs) were detected in diarrheal feces from four zoo ruminant species: one wisent (bison bonasus), two himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus), one sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii), and one nyala (tragelaphus angasii). we sequenced and analyzed the spike (s) and hemagglutinin/esterase (he) genes of these viruses and compared the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences with those of other bovine cov (bcov) strains. comparison of the entire deduced aa sequences of th ... | 2010 | 20880639 |
| reliable discrimination of 10 ungulate species using high resolution melting analysis of faecal dna. | identifying species occupying an area is essential for many ecological and conservation studies. faecal dna is a potentially powerful method for identifying cryptic mammalian species. in new zealand, 10 species of ungulate (order: artiodactyla) have established wild populations and are managed as pests because of their impacts on native ecosystems. however, identifying the ungulate species present within a management area based on pellet morphology is unreliable. we present a method that enables ... | 2014 | 24637802 |
| prey preferences of the snow leopard (panthera uncia): regional diet specificity holds global significance for conservation. | the endangered snow leopard is a large felid that is distributed over 1.83 million km(2) globally. throughout its range it relies on a limited number of prey species in some of the most inhospitable landscapes on the planet where high rates of human persecution exist for both predator and prey. we reviewed 14 published and 11 unpublished studies pertaining to snow leopard diet throughout its range. we calculated prey consumption in terms of frequency of occurrence and biomass consumed based on 1 ... | 2014 | 24533080 |
| use of a domestic korean black goat (capra hircus coreanae) with its chest crayon-harnessed in detecting estrus of himalayan tahrs (hemitragus jemlahicus). | the reliability of a korean black goat (capra hircus coreanae) to detect estrus in himalayan tahrs (hemitragus jemlahicus) for an artificial breeding program was investigated. estrus in six female himalayan tahrs was synchronized using fluorogestone acetate (fga) sponges. thirteen days later, 200 iu of pmsg and 100 iu of hcg were injected before removing the sponges and simultaneously injecting 5 mg of pgf2α the next day. penetration of the cervical canal and the thickness and location of red cr ... | 2014 | 24690603 |
| an acute multispecies episode of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in captive wild animals in an italian zoo. | in july 2011, in a zoological garden in rome, italy, malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), a fatal, systemic disease of artiodactyla, was suspected on the basis of neurological signs and gross lesions observed in a banteng, the first animal to die of this infection. an mcf type-specific pcr with subsequent sequencing of the pcr amplicon confirmed the aetiological agent as ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2). biological samples were collected from the dead animals for gross, histological, bacteriological, vi ... | 2016 | 25598396 |
| immunocontraception of captive exotic species: v. prolonged antibody titers in dall sheep (ovis dalli dalli) and domestic goats (capra hircus) immunized with porcine zona pellucida. | native porcine zona pellucida (pzp) immunocontraception has been used to inhibit fertility in more than 80 species of ungulates, although the duration of contraception efficacy varies among species in both perissodactyla and artiodactyla. this study examined anti-pzp antibody titers in dall sheep and domestic goats at the milwaukee county zoo, and also himalayan tahr and armenian mouflon sheep at the san diego zoo safari park, and, for comparison, altai wapiti, lowland wisent, javan banteng, and ... | 2013 | 24437081 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the liuyang black goat and its phylogenetic relationship with other caprinae. | in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the liuyang black goat was investigated, and phylogenetic relationships between the liuyang black goat and other species of caprinae were analyzed. the total length of the mitochondrial genome was 16,715 bp, which consisted of 33.50% a, 27.27% t, 25.98% c, and 13.25% g. the mitochondrial genome contained a major non-coding control region (d-loop region), two ribosomal rna genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 22 transfer rna genes. neigh ... | 2016 | 27421009 |
| predation may counteract climatic change as a driving force for movements of mountain ungulates. | temperature variations are expected to influence altitudinal movements of mountain herbivores and, in turn, those of their predators, but relevant information is scarce. we evaluated monthly relationships between temperature and altitude used by a large mountain-dwelling herbivore, the himalayan tahr hemitragus jemlahicus, and its main predator, the snow leopard panthera uncia, in an area of central himalaya for five consecutive years (2006-2010). in contrast to expectations, there was no signif ... | 2016 | 27312822 |
| male ruff colour as a rank signal in a monomorphic-horned mammal: behavioural correlates. | coexistence of individuals within a social group is possible through the establishment of a hierarchy. social dominance is achieved through aggressive interactions, and, in wild sheep and goats, it is related mainly to age, body size and weapon size as rank signals. adult male himalayan tahr are much larger than females and subadult males. they have a prominent neck ruff, ranging in colour from yellow (5.5-9.5 years old, i.e. young adults, golden males) to brown (7.5-14.5 years old, i.e. older i ... | 2015 | 26105047 |
| comparison of two injectable immobilization combinations in himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus): medetomidine, ketamine, and atipamezole versus carfentanil, xylazine, naltrexone, and atipamezole. | a crossover study was performed in 12 himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus) undergoing preshipment examinations to compare a partially reversible to a fully reversible intramuscular chemical immobilization protocol. the partially reversible protocol (mka) consisted of induction with medetomidine (0.06 +/- 0.009 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.03 +/- 0.315 mg/kg) and antagonism by atipamezole (0.30 +/- 0.044 mg/kg). the fully reversible protocol (cxna) consisted of induction with carfentanil (0.009 +/- 0 ... | 2013 | 24063087 |
| mating dominance amongst male himalayan tahr: blonds do better. | in ungulates, rank order is determined by differences in weight, body size, weapon size and age. in the caprini tribe (bovidae: caprinae), adult male himalayan tahr are unique to show different coat colours, but no sexual dimorphism in weapons. a highly significant correlation between hair colour and rank order was found during the rut: males with a lighter coloured ruff dominated over darker ruffed ones, in both aggressive interactions and access to oestrus females. we studied colour-based domi ... | 2009 | 19133319 |
| immobilization of himalayan tahr with a xylazine-ketamine mixture and reversal with atipamezole under field conditions. | twenty-nine free-ranging himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus) were darted in the sagarmatha national park (nepal) using different combinations of xylazine and ketamine. animals in group 1 (n = 4) received a mean xylazine-ketamine dose of 2.77 +/- 0.99 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.32 +/- 0.19 mg/kg ketamine in males and 2.39 +/- 0.10 mg/kg xylazine plus 4.29 +/- 0.17 mg/kg ketamine in females. animals in group 2 (n = 25) received a mean xylazine-ketamine dose of 1.70 +/- 0.41 mg/kg xylazine plus 3.06 ... | 2006 | 17092894 |
| observations on the macroscopic digestive anatomy of the himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus). | we measured macroscopic anatomical parameters of the digestive tract of 12 female himalayan tahrs. according to morphological criteria used sensu hofmann for the classification of ruminants into feeding types - in particular the reticuloruminal capacity measured as wet content weights, the ruminal pillar thickness, the reticular honeycomb structure, the size of the omasum and the size of the parotid glands - tahrs can be classified as predominantly grazing ruminants. as reported in other ruminan ... | 2005 | 15996131 |
| increasing himalayan tahr and decreasing chamois densities in the eastern southern alps, new zealand: evidence for interspecific competition. | there is anecdotal evidence that increasing densities of himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus) are associated with declining densities of chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) in the southern alps, new zealand. to examine this phenomenon, densities of tahr and chamois were measured at 53 sites within their sympatric range in the eastern southern alps during 1978-1979. in sites where only one species was present, tahr density was significantly higher than chamois density (p=0.032), probably reflecting s ... | 1998 | 28307822 |
| some blood parameters for himilayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus). | | 1986 | 16031251 |
| diet and prey selection by snow leopards in the nepalese himalayas. | visual attractiveness and rarity often results in large carnivores being adopted as flagship species for stimulating conservation awareness. their hunting behaviour and prey selection can affect the population dynamics of their prey, which in turn affects the population dynamics of these large carnivores. therefore, our understanding of their trophic ecology and foraging strategies is important for predicting their population dynamics and consequently for developing effective conservation progra ... | 2018 | 30517109 |