| [viral hemorrhagic fevers in man]. | | 1979 | 34489 |
| alphaviruses in peninusular malaysia: i. virus isolations and animal serology. | a survey of the activity of three alphaviruses (sindbis, getah and chikungunya) in peninsular malaysia was conducted between 1962 and 1970. serum samples were examined from 3,917 vertebrates representing a wide variety of wild and domestic animals throughout the peninsula for hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies. a total of 548,939 mosquitoes were collected from different habitats, including jungle, rural, suburban and urban areas, and the majority of the females taken were ex ... | 1978 | 34888 |
| chikungunya virus in vivo autointerference associated with a small plaque variant. | virulent and avirulent plaque variants of chikungunya (chik) virus were compared with the prototype and other strains. interference with infective virus growth or mouse pathogenicity only occurred in the presence of small plaque (sp) variants in homologous systems. possible mechanisms for this are suggested. | 1978 | 35947 |
| characterization of two chikungunya virus variants. | the stability of virulence and plaque size of two variants of chikungunya virus (genus alphavirus) were examined. mouse pathogenicity did not coincide with infective virus levels in the brain. an increase in the average survival times of mice receiving a lethal dose of the variant which allowed prolonged survival at high doses and harvested late after infection was observed. studies in vero cells suggested that the number of infective virus particles produced per cell was lower with the small pl ... | 1979 | 39435 |
| effects of tannic acid and its related compounds upon chikungunya virus. | the present report describes not only the effects of tannic acid (ta; belonging to hydrolyzable tannins) and its related compounds upon the infectivity of chikungunya virus (chikv) but also the mechanism involved in this phenomenon. our data show that ta inactivates chikv in vitro. since the inactivating effect turned out to be ph-dependent and was suppressed by bovine serum albumin, it is most probable that the virus-inactivating capacity of ta is attributable to its preferential binding to pro ... | 1979 | 41164 |
| a comparative study of o'nyong nyong virus with chikungunya virus and plaque variants. | two plaque variants of chikungunya (chik) virus were serologically compared with o'nyong nyong (onn) virus in order to elucidate the reported one way antigenic relationships between the two viruses. three different hypotheses are examined and evidence is shown to support one of them. comparison of some biological properties of the viruses showed onn to be distinct in some respects. all viruses and variants were found to replicate in anopheles gambiae cells. | 1979 | 88212 |
| epidemiological features of dengue and chikungunya infections in burma. | a serological survey for antibody to dengue and chikungunya was carried out in all 14 divisions and states and 2 border towns in burma during 1973-74. dengue hi antibody prevalence rate of less than 10% was observed in arakan and shan states, 10 to 30% in the irrawaddy, pegu, mandalay divisions and kachin, mon and karen states, 31 to 60% in sagaing division, and over 60% in rangoon, magwe and tenasserim divisions. similarly, chikungunya hi antibody prevalence rate of less than 10% was observed i ... | 1975 | 126493 |
| studies of herpes simplex virus and interferon in human gingival cell cultures. | cultures of human gingival fibroblast cells from patients with a positive or negative history of recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection were compared with respect to susceptibility to hsv infection and interferon activity. there was a possible inverse relationship between interferon sensitivity of gingival fibroblast cells and a clinical history of recurrent disease. no correlation was found between prior infection and other parameters of interferon activity or susceptibility of the cell ... | 1975 | 163902 |
| studies on interferon induction and antiviral activity by certain arboviruses. | | 1975 | 170452 |
| viral replication and interferon production in fetal and adult ovine leukocytes and spleen cells. | peripheral blood leukocyte and spleen cell cultures derived from adult sheep and from third-trimester (107 to 145 days of gestation) and second-trimester (70 to 98 days of gestation) fetal lambs were examined for their ability to support viral replication and to produce interferon. bluetongue virus, herpesvirus hominis type 2, and chikungunya virus failed to replicate in either leukocyte or spleen cell cultures derived from adult ewes or in cultures from second- or third-trimester fetal lambs. s ... | 1975 | 172452 |
| the susceptibility of isolated guts from various species of mosquito to some arboviruses. | isolated guts cultured in vitro from aedes aeaegypti and ae. togoi were more susceptible to infection by sin, sf, chik and wn viruses than tissue similarly cultured from anopheles gambiae and an. stephensi. langat tp 64, a tick-borne virus, failed to infect any of the cultured mosquito tissues. | 1976 | 178280 |
| a comparison of brain lysosomal enzyme activities in four experimental togavirus encephalitides. | | 1978 | 204753 |
| some infectious diseases of wild vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus) in south africa. | our surveys indicate that nearly all batches of vervet monkeys arriving at the national institute for virology from various areas of south africa, are infected with foamy viruses and there is evidence that intra-urterine infection also occurs. monkeys from certain areas of south africa are apparently infected with the protozoal parasite entopolypoides macaci in a sub-clinical state which becomes active when the monkeys are splenectomised. serological studies indicate that infections with schisto ... | 1978 | 218005 |
| recent advances in viral zoonoses. | | 1979 | 229080 |
| effect of corynebacterium acnes on interferon production in mouse peritoneal exudate cells. | corynebacterium acnes, an organism closely related to c. parvum, has been recognized to have a striking effect on the reticuloendothelial system, as well as on both humoral and cellular immunity. in mice previously exposed to c. acnes, serum interferon levels induced by injection of newcastle disease virus (ndv), chikungunya virus (cv), and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid are suppressed. when peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes from animals exposed to c. acnes were cultivated in vitro, their ... | 1975 | 234914 |
| small- and large-plaque variants of chikungunya virus in two vertebrate and seven invertebrate cell lines. | nine cells lines--bhk-21, vero, aedes albopictus, a. aegypti (monolayer and howwow vesicles), a. w-albus, a. vittatus, anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus--were infected with small- and large-plaque (sp, lp) variants of chikungunya virus. ross strain, and incubated at different temperatures. in the aedes (29 plus or minus 1 degrees c) and the vertebrate cell lines (36 degrees c), infectivity titers of extracellular virus rapidly reached a peak; cytopathic effect (cpe) occurred only in ... | 1975 | 235192 |
| viral arthritis and the possible role of viruses in rheumatoid arthritis. | | 1978 | 281924 |
| application of single-radial-haemolysis test for the detection of antibodies to togaviruses. | the newly developed single-radial-haemolysis technique was employed in this study for screening of sera for detection of antibodies to three nigerian togaviruses. this technique was compared with the standard haemagglutination-inhibition method. a close correlation between the two techniques was observed. | 1979 | 389203 |
| evaluation of immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods for antibody determination against chikungunya, west nile and yellow fever viruses. | | 1979 | 391161 |
| effect of anti-mu-chain-specific immunosuppression on chikungunya virus encephalitis of mice. | mice neonatally immunosuppressed with anti-mu antiserum failed to produce circulating antibodies to sheep erythrocytes and showed a marked decrease in circulating immunoglobulins. however, when they were intracerebrally infected with chikungunya virus (a group a togavirus), they showed a mortality rate consistently lower than non-immunosuppressed control mice. several possible explanations for this finding are discussed. | 1977 | 408271 |
| geographic distribution of arbovirus antibodies in indigenous human populations in the indo-australian archipelago. | sera from lifetime residents in 16 localities of the indo-australian archipelago and adjacent areas were tested for hemagglutination-inhibition antibody against four alpha-viruses (sindbis, getah, chikungunya, and ross river) and for neutralizing antibody against six flaviviruses (dengue 2 and 3, japanese encephalitis, murray valley encephalitis, kunjin, and edge hill). mosquito collections were carried out in some of the localities to study vector relationships to distribution of the arbovirus ... | 1979 | 453438 |
| heterologous interference in aedes albopictus cells infected with alphaviruses. | maximum amounts of 42s and 26s single-stranded viral rna and viral structural proteins were synthesized in aedes albopictus cells at 24 h after sindbis virus infection. thereafter, viral rna and protein syntheses were inhibited. by 3 days postinfection, only small quantities of 42s rna and no detectable 26s rna or structural proteins were synthesized in infected cells. superinfection of a. albopictus cells 3 days after sindbis virus infection with sindbis, semliki forest, una, or chikungunya alp ... | 1979 | 480461 |
| rheumatoid arthritic syndrome after chikungunya fever. | an outbreak of chikungunya fever which occurred during april 1977 among a group of high-school children from pretoria after a visit to the northern transvaal bushveld is reported. some of the adults who accompanied the pupils also contracted the disease. the adults suffered more severely from the chronic arthritic form of the disease than did the children. in some cases the episodic polyarthritis was still present 18 months after the onset of the disease. rheumatoid factors in low titre could be ... | 1979 | 494034 |
| a mutant of chikungunya virus isolated from a line of singh's aedes albopictus cells by plaque formation on virus-sensitive cloned cells obtained from another singh's a. albopictus cell line. | | 1979 | 506067 |
| production of temperature-sensitive and pathogenic virus from aedes albopictus cells (singh) persistently infected with chikungunya virus. | when a. albopictus, clone c6/36, cells were infected with chikungunya (chik) virus, high virus yield accompanied by a cytopathic effect in the acute stage of infection was followed by a relatively low yield of virus over a long period of time. virus produced from persistently infected cultures became gradually of smaller plaque size and more temperature-sensitive; however, such virus still retained pathogenicity for suckling mice even after one year of infection. when the persistently infected c ... | 1979 | 543803 |
| contrasting effects of rabbit and human platelets on chikungunya virus infectivity. | chikungunya virus infectivity was markedly stabilized in the presence of washed suspensions of human platelets but rapidly disappeared in similar preparations of rabbit platelets. supernatant fluids collected from human platelets had some stabilizing effect on chikungunya virus over a 6-day incubation period at 37 degrees c. rabbit platelet supernatant fluid had no virus-stabilizing effect, nor did it demonstrate any capacity to inactivate virus as compared to whole rabbit platelet preparations. ... | 1977 | 561645 |
| human arthropod-borne virus infections in nigeria. serological and virological investigations and shaki, oyo state. | during the early dry season of 1972, an arbovirus surveillance was carried out is shaki. on hundred and twenty human blood samples and 304 sera were processed for virus isolation and serology respectively. a high prevalence of antibodies to 8 arbovirus antigens was found in the community. percentage of positive sera was as follows: chikungunya (24%) sindbis (19%), yellow fever (55%), dengue (54%), west nile (58%) and wesselsbron (67%). human infections by ilesha virus (35%) and ingwavuma (15%) ... | 1978 | 570581 |
| chikungunya fever. | | 1979 | 574498 |
| epidemiological investigations of chikungunya epidemic at barsi, maharashtra state, india. | during the summer of 1973, an epidemic of chikungunya broke out in barsi, sholapur district. epidemiological investigations carried out during the decline phase revealed that all age groups and both sexes were involved with varying morbidity. the absence of previous immunity was demonstrated by a very high morbidity of 37.53 per cent for the whole town. the clinical picture encountered during the epidemic was quite characteristic of chikungunya. besides gingivitis and epistaxis there were no fra ... | 1979 | 575900 |
| two year study of arbovirus infection amongst the boarders of two hostels in calcutta. | | 1977 | 614243 |
| viral infections in travellers from tropical africa. | examination of sera from 86 travellers to britain from tropical africa disclosed evidence of past infection with 10 identifiable viruses, of which the most important were o'nyong-nyong, dengue, chikungunya, and ntaya. the findings indicate that infection with o'nyong-nyong may be acquired sporadically in nigeria, ghana, and sierra leone, where it has not previously been identified. chikungunya infection had not been recorded in west africa other than nigeria and senegal. patients from sierra leo ... | 1978 | 638547 |
| effect of viruses on platelet aggregation and platelet survival in rabbits. | | 1978 | 656633 |
| isolation of a singh's aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. | twenty clones were isolated from cultured aedes albopictus (singh) cells in the presence of anti-chikungunya (chik) virus serum. each clone was tested for its yields of dengue (den) viruses, types 1, 2, 3 and 4, and also chik virus. clone c6 showed the highest yield of each virus tested. forty-three clones obtained by recloning c6 in the presence of anti-den sera showed almost the same virus yields as c6. one of the clones, c6/36, showed mild to extensive cytopathic effects several days after vi ... | 1978 | 690610 |
| myopericarditis following chikungunya virus infection. | | 1978 | 712084 |
| isolation of chikungunya virus contaminating an aedes albopictus cell line. | an aedes albopictus cell line was found contaminated with structures morphologically compatible with an alphavirus. rapid isolation of a cytopathic virus was effected by combining sonication, concentration with aquacide ii-r, rate zonal sedimentation and subsequent plating of fractions on vero cells under agar overlay. the virus caused neithedeath nor disease on inoculation into infant and adult mice. it produced a c.p.e. in vero and bhk 21 cells, and multiplied in singh's aedes aegypti cells. t ... | 1975 | 806659 |
| arbovirus infections in sarawak, october 1968-february 1970: human serological studies in a land dyak village. | 449 human sera collected in a land dyak village were tested for antibodies to 11 arboviruses. japanese encephalitis and dengue virus antibodies were particularly prevalent. the rates of infection with these viruses were estimated to be 5-2% per annum for japanese encephalitis, 8-8% for dengue 1 and 4-3% for dengue 2. chikungunya virus antibodies were quite common with an annual infection rate of the order of 5% per annum. infections with other group a and b and bunyamwera group viruses were gene ... | 1975 | 809868 |
| [comparative studies of two alphavirus by macroplaque assays and by a fluorescent focus method in vero cell lines (author's transl)]. | immune anti-sindbis and anti-chikungunya ascitic fluids have been titrated by the classic way of plaque reduction and by a quick fluorescent focus method using an indirect staining. the results are comparable, allowing to consider the use of this quick and inexpensive technic for counting-assays by neutralization. | 1976 | 828464 |
| a study of neucleotide sequence homology between the nucleic acids of different alphaviruses. | | 1977 | 860395 |
| epidemiological investigations on arbovirus infections at igbo-ora, nigeria. | a study of arbovirus infections occurring in igbo-ora community was carried out between may and october 1975. haemagglutination inhibition test performed on seventy-eight human sera showed a high prevalence of antibodies against all the six arboviruses used. percentage of positive sera were as follows: chikungunya, (28%); yellow fever (36%); dengue type 1 (67%); dengue type 2 (45%). prevalence of hi antibodies to west nile and wesselsbron viruses were 44% and 59% respectively. virus isolation st ... | 1977 | 906078 |
| nucleolar fragmentation in cells infected with alphaviruses (39886). | | 1977 | 909877 |
| relationship between virus multiplication and culture cells synchronized by excess thymidine treatment. v. effect of chikungunya virus infection upon the host cell cycle. | the cell cycle of fl cells infected with chikungunya virus was examined using cultures synchronized with excess thymidine. viral growth at the cellular level was demonstrated by the presence of viral antigen and viral rna synthesis. it was found that cells which had been infected with virus before the s phase, could enter the s phase. furthermore,, cells infected in the phase before the m phase could enter the m phase. however, infected cells showed abrupt karyorrhexis after a certain period of ... | 1975 | 1096872 |
| surveillance of some infectious diseases among aircrew personnel in southeast asia. | a 2-year analysis of specimens among aircrew personnel in southeast asia is reported. stool specimens were examined for intestinal parasites and enteric bacteria, blood smears for blood parasites, and sera tested for transaminases (sgot) and antibodies to entamoeba histolytica, toxoplasma gondii, chikungunya and japanese encephalitis viruses, rickettsia tsutsugamushi, leptospira sp. and pseudomonas pseudomallei. one to four specimens each were obtained from 537 adult males and 20 females. there ... | 1975 | 1100040 |
| arthropod-borne viral infections of man in nigeria, 1964-1970. | during the years 1964 to 1970, 171 arboviruses of 15 different types were isolated from humans in nigeria. isolation rates were highest in 1969, and lowest in 1965 and 1967. monthly arbovirus activity was highest in the rainy season months of june, july and august and lowest in the dry months of january and february. viruses were isolated from all age groups, with the majority from children one to four years old. the viruses isolated in largest numbers were chikungunya and yellow fever, which ca ... | 1975 | 1124969 |
| evaluation of the plasma kinin system in dengue hemorrhagic fever. | the role of the plasma kinin system in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) ws explored by simultaneously measuring factor xll (hageman), prekallikrein, kallikrein inhibitors, bradykinin, and complement (c3) in the blood of thai children with dhf and acute febrile illnesses other than dengue. prekallikrein, factor xii, and c3 levels were significantly lower in dhf patients compared to fever control patients with the lowest mean levels found in dengue patients with shock. however, b ... | 1975 | 1151158 |
| the distribution and prevalence of group a arbovirus neutralizing antibodies among human populations in southeast asia and the pacific islands. | plaque reduction neutralization tests, using five group a arboviruses (chikungunya, ross river, getah, bebaru and sindbis), were done on sera from human populations in 44 southeast asia and pacific island localities. specificity of the plaque neutralization test was determined by examining convalescent sera from patients with known alphavirus infections. chikungunya-specific neutralizing antibodies were demonstrated in sera of persons living in south vietnam, northern malaysia, indonesia (kalima ... | 1975 | 1155702 |
| interferon inducing capacity and antiviral action of double-stranded rna from rice dwarf virus in vitro. | | 1975 | 1177412 |
| a sero-epidemiologic survey on arbovirus in wuvulu island. | the authors present here the results of a serological survey on arbovirus infections, which was conducted on 116 out of 505 inhibitants of wuvulu island, the westernmost island of the bismarck archipelago, located 260 km north of wewak, papua-new guinea. the islanders are divided in two communities of unequal size: the wuvulian themselves, who are micronesians, and the coconut workers who are melanesians coming from the sepik district. in addition to the presence of a group a virus, this survey ... | 1975 | 1216322 |
| the 1974 epidemic of chikungunya fever in children in ibadan. | during an epidemic of chikunguya fever in ibadan 16 strains of chikungunya virus were recovered from children reporting sick with fever at the university college hospital and oluyoro catholic hospital outpatient clinic. twelve strains were obtained from children within the 1-4 year age group, two from 5-10 year group and one each from less than one-year age group, and 10-15 year age group. a retrospective survey for neutralising antibodies to chikungunya shows a significantly higher proportion o ... | 1975 | 1216323 |
| [serological and entomological study on yellow fever in sierra leone]. | in a serological and entomological survey on yellow fever carried out in sierra-leone in 1972, altogether 899 sera from children 0 to 14 years were tested with 12 antigens by haemagglutination-inhibition and complement fixation tests. mouse neutralization test with yellow fever, west-nile and zika viruses were also performed on selected sera. generally speaking, the incidence of arboviruses is low but the prevalence of antibodies for some viruses was found to vary considerably between different ... | 1975 | 1243735 |
| variation among goegraphic strains of aedes albopictus in susceptibility to infection with chikungunya virus. | two types of variation were observed when the susceptibility of 16 different geographic strains of aedes albopictus to oral infection with chikungunya (chik) virus was studied. one was differential susceptibility to infection with the virus. the other was variation in the quantity of virus present in infected mosquitoes after a standard incubation period. mean virus titers of infected mosquitoes of different geographic strains varied almost 1,000-fold. attempts to develop increasingly resistant ... | 1976 | 1259092 |
| susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) to chikungunya virus. | the relative susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) fed on a viremic monkey to infection with chikungunya virus was determined. infection rates were consistently higher in 10 strains of ae. albopictus tested than in 7 strains of ae. aegypti tested, regardless of the geographic location from which the strains originated or the dose of virus ingested. similarly, virus dissemination rates were higher in the ae. albopictus strains compared with the ae. ... | 1992 | 1313111 |
| limited potential for mosquito transmission of a live, attenuated chikungunya virus vaccine. | studies were conducted to determine the potential for transmission of a live, attenuated chikungunya (chik) virus vaccine by orally exposed or virus-inoculated mosquitoes. the vaccine (chik 181/clone 25) replicated in and was transmitted by female aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti after intrathoracic inoculation. mosquitoes also became infected with the vaccine after ingesting virus from either a blood-soaked cotton pledget or a viremic monkey. however, because of the low viremias produced in ino ... | 1992 | 1322072 |
| development of a simple indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of immunoglobulin m antibody in serum from patients following an outbreak of chikungunya virus infection in yangon, myanmar. | during 1984, 1548 children were admitted to the yangon [rangoon] children's hospital in myanmar [burma] with haemorrhagic fever. no evidence of recent dengue infection was found in 577 of the 803 children from whom paired sera were obtained, raising the possibility of reappearance of chikungunya virus infection in myanmar. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of anti-chikungunya virus immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody was prepared and standardized using only reagents whic ... | 1992 | 1332222 |
| virus-dependent mortality in rift valley fever, eastern equine encephalomyelitis, and chikungunya virus-inoculated mosquito (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | the effect of inoculation of mosquito larvae with rift valley fever (rvf) virus on survival to the adult stage was evaluated in aedes aegypti (l.), ae. fowleri (charmoy), ae. mcintoshi huang, ae. taeniorhynchus (wiedemann), ae. triseriatus (say), eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald, anopheles albimanus wiedemann, and culex pipiens l. pupation rates were similar for rvf virus-inoculated and diluent-inoculated larvae of all mosquito species tested except cx. pipiens. however, with the exception ... | 1992 | 1357176 |
| serological investigations of chikungunya virus in the republic of guinea. | | 1992 | 1567272 |
| [difficulties in the epidemiological surveillance of measles in africa: exemplified by the ivory coast]. | in tropical areas measles cases often are under-reported but the authors comment here two epidemics which had at first been considered as outbreaks of measles but were not. the first epidemic resembled a chikungunya virus outbreak with important rashes, hyperthermia and pain attacks and was due to igbo-ora arbovirus. in the second epidemic children were having rashes with hyperthermia and adenopathy evoking rubella. the authors consider the possibility of over-reporting in view of the surveillan ... | 1991 | 1656899 |
| ecological distribution of chikungunya haemagglutination inhibition antibodies in human and domestic animals in nigeria. | a serological survey to detect presence of antibodies to chikungunya virus in 477 human sera randomly sampled from four ecological zones of nigeria was carried out employing a haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test. similarly 220 animal sera collected mostly from the northern parts of nigeria were screened for hi antibody to chikungunya virus. of the 477 human sera tested a total of 68 or 14.3% were found to possess chikungunya hi antibodies made up of 10% in swampy forest, 20% in the rain fores ... | 1991 | 1667829 |
| aedes furcifer and other mosquitoes as vectors of chikungunya virus at mica, northeastern transvaal, south africa. | from 1977 to 1981, studies were conducted on a farm at mica where aedes furcifer had been a vector during an epidemic of chikungunya virus in 1976 to determine whether the virus persisted in this mosquito, the likelihood of vertical transmission, and whether any other aedes species could have been vectors. aedes furcifer/cordellieri was the only prevalent tree hole aedes which fed readily on monkeys and humans and occurred through the summer until the onset of winter. virus was not isolated from ... | 1990 | 1977875 |
| isolation of chikungunya virus in australia. | | 1990 | 2156139 |
| epidemic of fever of unknown origin in rural thailand, caused by influenza a (h1n1) and dengue fever. | in the late summer (rainy season) of 1987, a sharp outbreak of fever of unknown origin (fuo) in rural southern thailand was investigated by a field epidemiology team. in a random survey of households, 40 percent of the children and 20 percent of adults were reported to have had febrile illnesses within the last month. there was at least one death, possibly from reye's syndrome. testing 34 pairs of acute and convalescent sera showed significant hi antibody titer rises to influenza a (taiwan/(h1n1 ... | 1990 | 2169651 |
| cloning & expression of chikungunya virus genes coding structural proteins in escherichia coli. | dna complementary to the single stranded rna genome of chikungunya (chik) virus with poly a tract was cloned into the plasmid pgem-3zf(-) and 5zf(+) by blunt end ligation strategy. clones containing the cdna inserts were selected by x-gal, iptg system. they were tested for the expression of structural protein(s) of chik virus by in situ enzyme immunoassay and western blot. the former assay system showed the presence of expressed viral proteins. analysis of western blot shows that three structura ... | 1990 | 2269513 |
| seroepidemiological study of japanese encephalitis in dimapur, nagaland. | a seroepidemiological study of japanese encephalitis (je) in dimapur, nagaland was carried out following an outbreak of the disease between july, 1985 and february, 1986. altogether 50 persons were affected with 30 (60 per cent) deaths. the attack and death rates per 1000 were more in nagas viz. 0.55 and 0.34 than non-nagas viz. 0.33 and 0.20 respectively. all ages and both sexes were affected. of the nine mosquito species encountered culex vishnui showed the highest density (44.5/mh). culture o ... | 1989 | 2553798 |
| arbovirus infections and viral haemorrhagic fevers in uganda: a serological survey in karamoja district, 1984. | sera collected in may 1984 from 132 adult residents of karamoja district, uganda, were examined by haemagglutination inhibition tests for antibodies against selected arboviruses, namely chikungunya and semliki forest alphaviruses (togaviridae); dengue type 2, wesselsbron, west nile, yellow fever and zika flaviviruses (flaviviridae); bunyamwera, ilesha and tahyna bunyaviruses (bunyaviridae); and sicilian sandfly fever phlebovirus (bunyaviridae); and by immunofluorescence tests against certain hae ... | 1989 | 2559514 |
| susceptibility & transmissibility of aedes aegypti to four strains of chikungunya virus. | | 1987 | 2828232 |
| disappearance of chikungunya virus from bangkok. | | 1985 | 2994265 |
| complex-specific immunoglobulin m antibody patterns in humans infected with alphaviruses. | sera from humans with serologically confirmed eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, pogosta (ockelbo), mayaro, ross river, and chikungunya virus infections were tested by immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody capture enzyme immunoassay. diagnostically useful igm antibody titers were detected, and selected sera with high igm antibody titers were tested for igm antibody with nine heterologous alphaviruses. the results provide evidence for the complex specificity of igm antibody and i ... | 1986 | 3009526 |
| chikungunya fever among u.s. peace corps volunteers--republic of the philippines. | | 1986 | 3018470 |
| development of an attenuated strain of chikungunya virus for use in vaccine production. | an attenuated chikungunya (chik) virus clone was developed for production of a live vaccine for human use. chik strain 15561 was subjected to 18 plaque-to-plaque passages in mrc-5 cultures before chik 181/clone 25 was selected as vaccine seed based on homogeneous small plaque size, suckling mouse avirulence, reduced monkey viraemia and genetic stability. oligonucleotide mapping demonstrated differences between parent and clone. vaccine (pilot-lot production) elicited neutralizing antibody and pr ... | 1986 | 3020820 |
| development of a micro-neutralization test for chikungunya virus. | a rapid, micro-scale focus reduction neutralization test for chikungunya virus was developed. in the test, cell monolayers are prepared in a 96-well tissue culture plate and the pap (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) staining technique is used for detection of foci of chikungunya virus infected cells. this test is suitable for rapid diagnosis and epidemiological studies of the virus. | 1986 | 3022710 |
| susceptibility of indonesia colonies of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes to experimental infection with chikungunya virus. | | 1986 | 3023740 |
| disappearance of chikungunya virus from india and south east asia. | | 1986 | 3026069 |
| [human arbovirus infections in burundi: results of a seroepidemiologic survey, 1980-1982]. | a serological survey on 623 human sera was conducted in burundi in 1980-1982, in order to evaluate the frequency of arboviral antibodies in the inhabitants of the three main areas: lowlands, central plateau and mountainous ridge. the results show a rather high activity of arboviruses, mainly in the lowlands (34.2% of inhabitants with antibodies). chikungunya virus seems to be the most active arbovirus; the activity of flavivirus is moderate; no trace of activity of yellow fever or west nile viru ... | 1987 | 3038355 |
| serological examinations for antibodies against west nile virus, semlikivirus and chikungunyavirus in laboratory mice, parasitized by nidicole fauna from swallow's nests. | experimental mice in swallow's (nmri) nests highly infested with swallow bugs (hirundo rustica) revealed antibodies against west nile virus, semliki virus and chikungunya virus. additional nidicole ectoparasites were not controlled and could also play a role in the occurrence of infection in experimental mice. swallows and sparrows (passer domesticus) additional nest inhabitants appear to be the ultimate link in this infection pathway as swallow bugs seldom migrate into dwellings to infest human ... | 1988 | 3139492 |
| oligonucleotide fingerprinting of chikungunya virus strains. | | 1988 | 3240934 |
| susceptibility & transmissibility of different geographical strains of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to chikungunya virus. | | 1988 | 3397145 |
| experimental transmission of chikungunya virus by aedes vittatus mosquitoes. | | 1987 | 3428961 |
| a study on susceptibility of indonesia colonies of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes to experimental infection with dengue type 3 and chikungunya viruses. | | 1987 | 3586577 |
| multiplication of chikungunya virus in salivary glands of aedes albopictus (oahu strain) mosquitoes: an electron microscopic study. | aedes albopictus as well as aedes aegypti is an important vector of chikungunya and dengue viruses. electron microscopic observations on the salivary glands of ae. albopictus infected with chikungunya virus were performed in comparing with those of ae. aegypti infected with dengue virus. no virus budding from the cell surface of the chikungunya-infected mosquito's salivary glands was found as shown in dengue-infected ones, in contrast to the findings of the mammalian cells such as vero, kb, imr, ... | 1986 | 3599528 |
| absence of transovarial transmission of chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti & ae. albopictus mosquitoes. | | 1987 | 3666861 |
| detection of chikungunya virus antigen in aedes albopictus mosquitoes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | double-antibody sandwich and modified sandwich systems of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting chikungunya virus antigen present in female mosquitoes, aedes albopictus (oahu strain), were evaluated as simple and rapid methods of selection of a highly susceptible mosquito line. both assays were capable of detecting 3.9 x 10(1) ng (4.0 x 10(6) pfu) or more of the purified antigen. an inhibition system was less sensitive, and a direct system with adsorption of test specimens on the solid ... | 1985 | 3833871 |
| [single radial hemolysis of arboviruses]. | | 1985 | 3914374 |
| titer distribution analysis of chikungunya virus in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | | 1986 | 3950931 |
| isolation of chikungunya and pongola viruses from patients in uganda. | | 1985 | 4082275 |
| chikungunya virus in salivary glands of aedes aegypti (l.): an electron microscope study. | | 1970 | 4097196 |
| epidemic polyarthritis in australia. | | 1971 | 4100162 |
| protein synthesis and formation of chikungunya virus in infected bhk21 cells. | | 1970 | 4101735 |
| cell surface antigens induced by poxviruses. i. effects of antimetabolites on cell surface antigens. | | 1971 | 4109993 |
| [inhibition of nuclear protein synthesis in arbovirus infected cells]. | | 1972 | 4114963 |
| an epidemic of chikungunya fever at ibadan, nigeria, 1969. | | 1974 | 4152305 |
| effect of interferon on early interferon production. | chick embryo cells given prior treatment with interferon make new interferon earlier and in larger quantities upon stimulation with chikungunya virus than cells not so treated. by the criterion of loss of sensitivity to actinomycin, the time needed for formation of messenger rna for interferon was decreased in the primed cells. thus interferon affects virus action within 1 hour after infection. | 1966 | 4160820 |
| interferon production and rna inhibitors. | | 1967 | 4170391 |
| cytoplasmic rna synthesis and viral antigen in fl cells infected with chikungunya virus. | | 1967 | 4173562 |
| an intracellular compoent associated with chikungunya virus-specific rna. | | 1969 | 4186679 |
| recent virologic applications of ferritin conjugates. | | 1969 | 4190493 |
| selection of a fast-growing chikungunya virus by passage from suckling mouse brain to vero cells. | | 1972 | 4198030 |
| intracellular components associated with chikungunya virus-specific ribonucleic acids in infected bhk21 cells. | | 1973 | 4203090 |
| [use of ultrasound for increasing the activity of arbovirus antigens in serological reactions in vitro]. | | 1973 | 4203622 |
| immunogenicity of purified, inactivated chikungunya virus in monkeys. | chikungunya (chik) virus, harvested from infected bhk-21 cell cultures and highly purified by a method combining zinc acetate precipitation, sephadex-sepharose column chromatography, and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, was subjected to ultraviolet (uv) irradiation and treatment with formalin. inactivation of the virus by uv light was apparently a first-order reaction. the virus treated with 0.05% formalin at 4 degrees c was inactivated completely after 7 weeks, but when treated with 0.0 ... | 1973 | 4204490 |
| haemagglutination by chikungunya virus--ph range and erythrocytes of different animals. | | 1973 | 4208910 |
| interferon response of the fetal rhesus monkey after viral infection. | | 1974 | 4209221 |