| effect of selected anthelmintics on three common helminths in the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | the effect of selected anthelmintics (albendazole, fenbendazole, piperazine dihydrochloride and clorsulon) against three major helminths (contracaecum multipapillatum, mesostephanus appendiculatoides, and phagicola longus) were studied in 29 brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis). albendazole and fenbendazole were highly effective against all three parasites. clorsulon had moderate effect against m. appendiculatoides and poor effect against c. multipapillatum and p. longus. piperazine dihydroch ... | 1989 | 2915399 |
| sea bird mortality at cabo san lucas, mexico: evidence that toxic diatom blooms are spreading. | domoic acid was found to be responsible for an isolated event involving the massive death of brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) in january 1996, at the tip of the baja california peninsula. the death of these sea birds was the result of feeding on mackerel (scomber japonicus) contaminated by domoic acid-producing diatoms (pseudonitzschia sp.). the number of dead birds (150 animals) found during a period of 5 days caused alarm and called for a governmental task force that would help to imple ... | 1997 | 9080599 |
| nondestructive biomarkers of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in endangered species of wildlife. | this paper explores the problem of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) from the ecotoxicological point of view, focusing on nondestructive biomarkers of exposure to edcs for risk assessment of endangered species of wildlife. several edcs, such as polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals, tend to be biomagnified in the terrestrial and particularly the marine food chains. top predators tend to accumulate high concentrations of these contaminants which places them in a situation of ... | 1999 | 10467722 |
| porphyrin levels in excreta of sea birds of the chilean coasts as nondestructive biomarker of exposure to environmental pollutants. | in this preliminary study on sea birds we propose the use of porphyrins in excreta as a biomarker of exposure to contaminants. samples of excreta were obtained from colonies of brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis thagus), neotropic cormorants (phalacrocorax olivaceus), and kelp gulls (larus dominicanus) in three areas of the south coast of chile with different human impact (tubul, talcahuano, and valdivia). they were analyzed for porphyrin content (copro-, uro-, and protoporphyrins and total ... | 2001 | 11385591 |
| helminth and arthropod parasites of the brown pelican, pelecanus occidentalis, in puerto rico, with a compilation of all metazoan parasites reported from this host in the western hemisphere. | seven species of helminths and six species of arthropods are reported from 23 of 40 brown pelicans, pelecanus occidentalis, collected from various localities in puerto rico. helminth parasites include three nematodes (contracaecum multipapillatum, contracaecum mexicanum, and eustrongylides sp.), three trematodes (galactosomum darbyi, mesostephanus appendiculatoides, and ribeiroia ondatrae), and one cestode (tetrabothrium sulae). arthropod parasites include colpocephalum occidentalis, neottialges ... | 2002 | 12427338 |
| clarification of effects of dde on shell thickness, size, mass, and shape of avian eggs. | moriarty et al. (1986) used field data to conclude that dde decreased the size or altered the shape of avian eggs; therefore, they postulated that decreased eggshell thickness was a secondary effect because, as a general rule, thickness and egg size are positively correlated. to further test this relationship, the present authors analyzed data from eggs of captive american kestrels. falco sparverius given ddt- or dde-contaminated or clean diets and from wild brown pelicans pelecanus occidentalis ... | 1997 | 15093475 |
| prevalence of neurotoxic clostridium botulinum type c in the gastrointestinal tracts of tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) in the salton sea. | tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) have been implicated as the source of type c toxin in avian botulism outbreaks in pelicans (pelecanus erythrorhynchos, pelecanus occidentalis californicus) at the salton sea in southern california (usa). we collected sick, dead, and healthy fish from various sites throughout the sea during the summers of 1999 through 2001 and tested them for the presence of clostridium botulinum type c cells by polymerase chain reaction targeting the c(1) neurotoxin gene. four o ... | 2004 | 15465707 |
| borrelia, coxiella, and rickettsia in carios capensis (acari: argasidae) from a brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) rookery in south carolina, usa. | argasid ticks are vectors of viral and bacterial agents of humans and animals. carios capensis, a tick of seabirds, infests the nests of brown pelicans, pelecanus occidentalis, and other ground nesting birds along the coast of south carolina. this tick is associated with pelican nest abandonment and could pose a threat to humans visiting pelican rookeries if visitors are exposed to ticks harboring infectious agents. we collected ticks from a pelican rookery on deveaux bank, south carolina and sc ... | 2006 | 16821092 |
| species differences in the sensitivity of avian embryos to methylmercury. | we injected doses of methylmercury into the air cells of eggs of 26 species of birds and examined the dose-response curves of embryo survival. for 23 species we had adequate data to calculate the median lethal concentration (lc(50)). based on the dose-response curves and lc(50)s, we ranked species according to their sensitivity to injected methylmercury. although the previously published embryotoxic threshold of mercury in game farm mallards (anas platyrhynchos) has been used as a default value ... | 2009 | 18421496 |
| organic and total mercury in muscle tissue of five aquatic birds with different feeding habits from the se gulf of california, mexico. | we measured organic and total hg in muscle tissue of five species of aquatic birds from the south-eastern gulf of california region, mexico. concentrations of total and organic hg measured in pelecanus occidentalis were the highest (2.85 and 2.68 microgg(-1)); lowest values of organic hg (0.20 microgg(-1)) and total hg (0.47 microgg(-1)) were detected in anas discors and anas clypeata, respectively. differences of hg levels were related to feeding habits, being concentrations in birds of piscivo ... | 2009 | 19419748 |
| feasibility of transesophageal echocardiography in birds without cardiac disease. | to establish a technique of transesophageal echocardiography (tee) in birds without cardiac disease and describe the imaging planes obtained. | 2010 | 20187818 |
| two new species of contracaecum railliet & henry, 1912 (nematoda: anisakidae), c. fagerholmi n. sp. and c. rudolphii f from the brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis in the northern gulf of mexico. | dna sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacers (its) and mitochondrial rrns and cox2 genes, and analysis of polymorphisms in restriction profiles in the its and rrns, were used to characterise anisakid nematodes belonging to contracaecum railliet & henry, 1912 infecting the brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis (l.) in galveston bay, texas and sarasota bay, florida. molecular data led to the detection of two new species: contracaecum fagerholmi n. sp., which was also sup ... | 2012 | 22139006 |
| pathology of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | lesions caused by experimentally produced mixed infections (two flukes, phagicola longa and mesostephanus appendiculatoides, and an ascarid, contracaecum sp.) were studied in 40 brown pelicans. the flukes occurred throughout the intestines and caused mild villus atrophy, lengthening of the crypts, increased goblet cell population, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. contracaecum caused small ulcers where they attached to the esophagus and proventriculus. microscopically, these ulcers had an eosi ... | 2013 | 3767809 |
| contracaecum bioccai n. sp. from the brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis (l.) in colombia (nematoda: anisakidae): morphology, molecular evidence and its genetic relationship with congeners from fish-eating birds. | contracaecum bioccai n. sp. is described from the brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis (l.) in northern colombia (totumo marsh) based on 20 enzyme loci studied using multilocus allozyme electrophoresis. moreover, genetic relationships between the new taxon and related congeners are presented based on allozyme data-sets and sequence analyses (519 bp) of the mtdna-cox2 gene. fixed allele differences were found at some of the allozyme loci analysed in comparison with other contracaecum spp. from pe ... | 2008 | 18038198 |
| brevetoxicosis in seabirds naturally exposed to karenia brevis blooms along the central west coast of florida. | harmful algal bloom events caused by the dinoflagellate karenia brevis occurred along the central west florida, usa, coast from february 2005 through december 2005 and from august 2006 through december 2006. during these events, from 4 february 2005 through 28 november 2006, live, debilitated seabirds admitted for rehabilitation showed clinical signs that included disorientation, inability to stand, ataxia, and seizures. testing of blood, biologic fluids, and tissues for brevetoxin by enzyme-lin ... | 2013 | 23568900 |
| gryporhynchidae (cestoda: cyclophyllidea) in mexico: species list, hosts, distribution and new records. | as a result of this study, 8 new host (botaurus lentiginosus for glossocercus caribaensis and valipora mutabilis; egretta caerulea for valipora minuta; egretta thula for glossocercus cyprinodontis; egretta tricolor and nycticorax nycticorax for glossocercus caribaensis; pelecanus occidentalis and platalea ajaja for paradilepis caballeroi) and 31 new locality records for gryporhynchid cestode species in mexico are presented. with these data, the total number of species of this group of helminths ... | 2014 | 24870465 |
| pholeter anterouterus fischthal & nasir, 1974 (digenea: opisthorchiidae) redescribed, together with remarks on the genera pholeter odhner, 1914 and phocitrema goto & ozaki, 1930 and their relationship to the centrocestine heterophyids. | photoleter anterouterus fischthal & nasir, 1974, from pelecanus occidentalis linnaeus and pelecanus erythrorhynchos gmelin from florida, usa and the ventro-genital complexes of photeleter gastrophilus (kossack, 1910) from delphinus delphis linnaeus from queensland, australia and of phocitrema fusiforme goto & ozaki, 1930 from alopex lagopus (linnaeus) and phoca vitulina linnaeus from alaska are redescribed. the genus photoleter odhner, 1914 is emended and compared with phocitrema goto & ozaki, 1 ... | 1977 | 876682 |
| first description of adults of the type species of the genus glossocercus chandler, 1935 (cestoda: gryporhynchidae). | the type species of the genus glossocercus chandler, 1935, g. cyprinodontis chandler, 1935, was described as metacestode (larval stage) from the mesentery of the sheepshead minnow fish (cyprinodon variegatus lacépède) from galveston bay, texas. the description was based on the morphology of the rostellar hooks; however, the features of the internal morphology of the proglottides could no be provided. in the present study we describe for the first time the features of the adult g. cyprinodontis f ... | 2013 | 23539950 |
| local and interannual variations in mercury and cadmium in eggs of eight seabird species of the sinaloa coast, méxico. | mercury (hg) and cadmium (cd) concentrations in eggs of 8 seabird species inhabiting 5 coastal ecosystems in sinaloa, méxico were determined during 2 breeding seasons (2012 and 2013): blue-footed booby (sula nebouxii), brown booby (sula leucogaster), double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), magnificent frigatebird (fregata magnificens), brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis), royal tern (thalasseus maximus), laughing gull (leucophaeus atricilla), and heermann's gull (larus heermanni). t ... | 2016 | 26887632 |
| intravenous regional antibiotic perfusion therapy as an adjunctive treatment for digital lesions in seabirds. | foot infections are a common problem among seabirds in wildlife rehabilitation. pododermatitis and digital infections are often challenging to treat because of the presence of suboptimal substrates, abnormal weight-bearing due to injuries, and suboptimal nutritional or health status. seabirds represent the majority of animals requiring rehabilitation after oil spills, and foot problems are a common reason for euthanasia among these birds. antibiotic intravenous regional perfusion therapy is freq ... | 2017 | 28363050 |
| genetic characterization of members of the genus contracaecum (nematoda: anisakidae) from fish-eating birds from west-central florida, usa, with evidence of new species. | specimens of contracaecum spp. from phalacrocorax auritus and pelecanus occidentalis from florida were characterized by sequencing of the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal rna gene (rrns) and by pcr-based rflp analysis of the same gene and of the internal transcribed spacers (its) of nuclear ribosomal dna. analyses of the rrns sequence data using the mp and upgma approaches yielded trees with similar topologies, delineating 3 main clusters. specimens from ph. auritus, morphologically ... | 2007 | 17352849 |
| eimeria pelecani sp. n. from the brown pelican, pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis, from florida. | | 1975 | 1195069 |
| ornithodoros (alectorobius) capensis neumann (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae), a parasite of seabirds, established along the southeastern seacoast of the united states. | ornithodoros (alectorobius) capensis neumann, an ectoparasite of seabirds found circumglobally in the tropics and subtropics, has become established along the southeastern seacoast of the united states. the tick has been found feeding primarily on brown pelicans, pelecanus occidentalis, but also has been found on the laughing gull, larus atricilla, and the american oystercatcher, haematopus palliatus. we report here the presence of o. (a.) capensis from new hanover and brunswick counties (near t ... | 1992 | 1495062 |
| amphibious visual optics of the eyes of the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) and the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | | 1977 | 871989 |
| influence of density-dependent competition on foraging and migratory behavior of a subtropical colonial seabird. | density-dependent competition for food resources influences both foraging ecology and reproduction in a variety of animals. the relationship between colony size, local prey depletion, and reproductive output in colonial central-place foragers has been extensively studied in seabirds; however, most studies have focused on effects of intraspecific competition during the breeding season, while little is known about whether density-dependent resource depletion influences individual migratory behavio ... | 2017 | 28861249 |
| a scanning electron microscopy study of early development in vitro of contracaecum multipapillatum s.l. (nematoda: anisakidae) from a brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) from the gulf of california, mexico. | eggs obtained from the uteri of female nematodes, genetically identified as contracaecum multipapillatum s.l., found in a brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) from bahía de la paz, gulf of california, mexico, were used to study the early developmental stages of this anisakid by scanning electron microscopy (sem). egg dimensions were approximately 54 × 45 μm measured by sem. observation of the eggs revealed an outer surface of fibrous appearance. the newly hatched larvae were ensheathed and hig ... | 2017 | 28823050 |
| early development and life cycle of contracaecum multipapillatum s.l. from a brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis in the gulf of california, mexico. | the initial developmental stages of contracaecum multipapillatum (von drasche, 1882) lucker, 1941 sensu lato were studied using eggs obtained from the uteri of female nematodes (genetically identified) found in a brown pelican pelecanus occidentalis from bahía de la paz (gulf of california, mexico). optical microscopy revealed a smooth or slightly rough surface to the eggs. egg dimensions were approximately 53 × 43 µm, although after the larvae had developed inside, egg size increased to 66 × 55 ... | 2017 | 28792415 |
| physical condition and stress levels during early development reflect feeding rates and predict pre- and post-fledging survival in a nearshore seabird. | the effects of acute environmental stressors on reproduction in wildlife are often difficult to measure because of the labour and disturbance involved in collecting accurate reproductive data. stress hormones represent a promising option for assessing the effects of environmental perturbations on altricial young; however, it is necessary first to establish how stress levels are affected by environmental conditions during development and whether elevated stress results in reduced survival and rec ... | 2016 | 27957336 |
| ophthalmic diagnostic testing and examination findings in a colony of captive brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis). | to establish reference values and report ophthalmic examination findings in a colony of captive brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis). | 2017 | 27192046 |
| health assessments of brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) nestlings from colonies in south carolina and georgia, u.s.a. | health evaluations of brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) nestlings from three colonies along the atlantic coast of the southeastern united states were performed in 2005, 2007, and 2008. the primary objective of this study was to establish baseline data for hematologic, biochemical, and serologic values from a relatively healthy population of free-living pelicans during early chick development. relationships among health variables and colony site, ectoparasite infestation, sex, and body condi ... | 2014 | 25632666 |
| postcranial pneumaticity and bone structure in two clades of neognath birds. | most living birds exhibit some degree of postcranial skeletal pneumaticity, aeration of the postcranial skeleton by pulmonary air sacs and/or directly from the lungs. the extent of pneumaticity varies greatly, ranging from taxa that are completely apneumatic to those with air filling most of the postcranial skeleton. this study examined the influence of skeletal pneumatization on bone structural parameters in a sample of two size- and foraging-style diverse (e.g., subsurface diving vs. soaring s ... | 2013 | 23554179 |
| juvenile galápagos pelicans increase their foraging success by copying adult behaviour. | social learning is the building block of culture and traditions in humans and nonhuman animals, and its study has a long history. most investigations have addressed either the causation or the function of social learning. though much is known about the underlying mechanisms of social learning, demonstrations of its adaptive value in a natural setting are lacking. here we show that juvenile brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) can increase their foraging efficiency by copying adult diving beha ... | 2012 | 23251646 |
| a practical quantification method for heinz bodies in birds applicable to rapid response field scenarios. | oil-induced oxidative injury to red blood cells results in heinz body hemolytic anemia. here, we evaluated three heinz body staining techniques in brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) blood. using a range of in vitro acetylphenylhydrazine incubations, we validated a field-adapted technique against laboratory wet-mounts and verified the stability of this technique for one month following preparation. employing this technique during petrochemical spill responses allows for delays between sample ... | 2013 | 23147692 |
| east versus west: organic contaminant differences in brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) eggs from south carolina, usa and the gulf of california, mexico. | brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) were listed as endangered in the united states in 1970, largely due to reproductive failure and mortality caused by organochlorine contaminants, such as ddt. the southeast population, p.o. carolinensis, was delisted in 1985, while the west coast population, p.o. californicus, was not delisted until 2009. as fish-eating coastal seabirds, brown pelicans may serve as a biomonitors. organic contaminants were examined in brown pelican eggs collected from the gu ... | 2012 | 23037812 |
| stress response of brown pelican nestlings to ectoparasite infestation. | measurement of corticosterone has become a useful tool for assessing the response of individuals to ecological stressors of interest. enhanced corticosterone levels can promote survival of stressful events; however, in situations where a stressor persists and corticosterone levels remain elevated, the adrenocortical response can be detrimental. a potential ecological stressor for wild birds is parasitism by ectoparasites. we studied the stress response of 11-23-day-old brown pelican (pelecanus o ... | 2010 | 19716827 |
| fishing gear-related injury in california marine wildlife. | we reviewed medical records from select wildlife rehabilitation facilities in california to determine the prevalence of injury in california brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis), gulls (larus spp.), and pinniped species (zalophus californianus, mirounga angustirostris, and phoca vitulina) due to fishing gear entanglement and ingestion from 2001 to 2006. of 9,668 brown pelican, gull, and pinniped cases described during the 6-yr study period (2001-06), 1,090 (11.3%) were fishing gear-related. p ... | 2009 | 19395745 |
| penetrating keratoplasty in a california brown pelican. | fresh homologous penetrating keratoplasty (pk) was performed on the left cornea of a young adult female california brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) for the treatment of vision-threatening corneal scarring and granulation tissue. the procedure appeared to be highly successful based on short-term clinical follow-up and histopathology results. however, the patient died from unrelated causes before long-term follow-up could be obtained. | 2007 | 17565558 |
| superoxide dismutase expression and oxidative damage in a case of myopathy in brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis). | four brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) housed at a rehabilitation facility were found dead after a 3-day history of muscle weakness and after being fed for about 2 weeks from a recent shipment of fish. the birds had pale streaking of the skeletal and heart muscles. microscopically, the skeletal muscle, and to a lesser extent the cardiac muscle, had severe myocyte degeneration and necrosis characterized by microvacuolation with loss of cross-striations, condensation of cytoplasm, fragmentat ... | 2007 | 17459863 |
| a new species of petasiger (digenea: echinostomiformes: echinostomatidae) in the brown pelican, pelecanus occidentalis, (aves: pelecaniformes: pelecanidae), from the area de conservación guanacaste, costa rica. | a new species of petasiger inhabits pelecanus occidentalis, from the area de conservación guanacaste, costa rica. the new species most closely resembles petasiger novemdecim lutz 1929 and petasiger caribbensis nassi, 1980 by having 19 circumoral spines and vitelline follicles confluent between the ventral sucker and gonads. the new species differs from both of these species by having a cirrus sac that is anteroposteriorly elongate and that reaches posteriorly to the midventral sucker, an ovary a ... | 2005 | 16539032 |
| perfluorooctanesulfonate and related fluorochemicals in biological samples from the north coast of colombia. | perfluorinated compounds are widespread pollutants of toxicological importance that have been detected in environmental matrices. however, little is known on their distribution in south america. in this study, distribution of perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos), perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa), perfluorohexanesulfonate (pfhxs), and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (pfosa) was determined in the bile of mullet, mugil incilis, and in tissues of pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) collected from north colombia. a ... | 2006 | 16303219 |
| hematologic, plasma protein, and biochemical profiles of brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis). | to establish hematologic and biochemical reference values for the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis). | 2000 | 10895898 |
| flow cytometric analysis of hematocytes from brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) exposed to planar halogenated hydrocarbons and heavy metals. | | 1998 | 9702362 |
| effects of organochlorine residues on eggshell thickness, reproduction, and population status of brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) in south carolina and florida, 1969--76. | shells of brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) eggs collected in south carolina from 1969 through 1975 and in florida during 1969, 1970, and 1974 were significantly thinner (p greater than 0.05) than eggshells collected before 1947. thickness of south carolina eggshells increased in 1975, and mean thickness of eggshells collected in florida during 1974 was greater than that of eggshells collected during 1969 and 1970, primarily in gulf coast colonies. residues of 13 organochlorines were found ... | 1979 | 461113 |
| residues of organochlorines and heavy metals in tissues and eggs of brown pelicans, 1969-73. | shells of brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) eggs collected in south carolina from 1969 through 1973 were significantly thinner than shells of those collected before 1947. residues of 10 organochlorine pollutants and 10 heavy metals were found in these eggs. total organochlorine residues were apparently magnified 23 times from fish to pelican eggs, but interpretation of biomagnification was complicated by the migratory habits of both the pelicans and their chief prey fish. residues of organo ... | 1977 | 887381 |
| starvation-pesticide unteraetions in juvenile brown pelicans. | nineteen 9-week-old brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis), obtained from a colony in vero beach, florida, containing environmentally acquired p,p'-dde residues, were subjected to a food deprivation experiment. samples of brain, liver, muscle, and fat taken after one and two week periods of starvation indicated that starved birds contained significantly greated residue levels in fat compared to non-starved controls. such differences were not observed in residues in the other tissues. the signif ... | 1977 | 861403 |
| organic material and calories in the egg of the brown pelican, pelecanus occidentalis. | | 1974 | 4156204 |
| the hypopi (acarina: hypoderidae) from the subcutaneous tissues of the brown pelican, pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis gmelin. | | 1973 | 4722593 |
| unusual outbreak of fatal clostridiosis in a group of captive brown pelicans ( pelecanus occidentalis). | fatal clostridial infections and clostridial toxicoses are common in birds. most fatalities are associated with toxin production and progress rapidly, often within 24 hours of infection. we describe an unusual and protracted course of disease in 6 captive brown pelicans ( pelecanus occidentalis), which was believed to result from toxicosis by toxovar a produced by a mixed infection with clostridium sordellii and clostridium perfringens. although the first death in the group occurred 3 days after ... | 2017 | 29327957 |
| mercury, cadmium, copper, arsenic, and selenium measurements in the feathers of adult eastern brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis) and chicks in multiple breeding grounds in the northern gulf of mexico. | several trace metals and metalloids have been introduced into aquatic ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities. some of these elements like mercury (in the form of methylmercury) are easily transferred from one trophic level to another and can accumulate to toxic quantities in organisms at the top of aquatic food webs. for this reason, seabirds like the eastern brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis) are susceptible to heavy metal and metalloid toxicity and may warrant periodic mon ... | 2020 | 32297009 |
| ultraviolet-assisted oiling assessment improves detection of oiled birds experiencing clinical signs of hemolytic anemia after exposure to the deepwater horizon oil spill. | while large-scale oil spills can cause acute mortality events in birds, there is increasing evidence that sublethal oil exposure can trigger physiological changes that have implications for individual performance and survival. therefore, improved methods for identifying small amounts of oil on birds are needed. because ultraviolet (uv) light can be used to identify thin crude oil films in water and on substrate that are not visually apparent under normal lighting conditions, we hypothesized that ... | 2020 | 32785887 |
| collision and displacement vulnerability to offshore wind energy infrastructure among marine birds of the pacific outer continental shelf. | marine birds are vulnerable to collision with and displacement by offshore wind energy infrastructure (owei). here we present the first assessment of marine bird vulnerability to potential owei in the california current system portion of the u.s. pacific outer continental shelf (pocs). using population size, demography, life history, flight heights, and avoidance behavior for 62 seabird and 19 marine water bird species that occur in the pocs, we present and apply equations to calculate populatio ... | 2018 | 30195148 |
| on the gular sac tissue of the brown pelican: structural characterization and mechanical properties. | the brown pelican (pelecanus occidentalis) wields one of the largest bills of any bird and is distinguished by the deployable throat pouch of extensible tissue used to capture prey. here we report on mechanical properties and microstructure of the pouch skin. it exhibits significant anisotropy, with the transverse direction having maximum nominal tensile strains of 200% to 300%, triple the value in the longitudinal direction. this is a higher extensibility than most conventional skin and is the ... | 2020 | 33045400 |
| breeding brown pelicans improve foraging performance as energetic needs rise. | optimal foraging theory states that animals should maximize resource acquisition rates with respect to energy expenditure, which may involve alteration of strategies in response to changes in resource availability and energetic need. however, field-based studies of changes in foraging behavior at fine spatial and temporal scales are rare, particularly among species that feed on highly mobile prey across broad landscapes. to derive information on changes in foraging behavior of breeding brown pel ... | 2020 | 32015412 |
| population pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin after single intramuscular dose administration in california brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis californicus). | the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin was investigated in rehabilitated california brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis californicus) after a single intramuscular injection at a dose of 15 mg/kg body weight. the concentration of the drug in plasma was assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. a sparse-sampling design was used to reduce the number of samples (1-4 venipunctures) obtained from 24 brown pelicans. a population pharmacokinetic analysis with nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was ... | 2019 | 31833304 |
| tropical cyclones alter short-term activity patterns of a coastal seabird. | mobile organisms in marine environments are expected to modify their behavior in response to external stressors. among environmental drivers of animal movement are long-term climatic indices influencing organism distribution and short-term meteorological events anticipated to alter acute movement behavior. however, few studies exist documenting the response of vagile species to meteorological anomalies in coastal and marine systems. | 2019 | 31673358 |
| use of plumage and gular pouch color to evaluate condition of oil spill rehabilitated california brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis californicus) post-release. | sublethal effects of oil spills may dampen seabird rehabilitation success due to lingering negative impacts of contamination and stress on reproduction and long-term survival. these effects can be difficult to measure while birds are in care as well as once birds are released. expression of sexually selected traits that are sensitive to condition can provide information on physiological status of birds. we evaluated plumage molt and gular pouch skin color of california brown pelicans (pelecanus ... | 2019 | 30811430 |
| movement patterns of california brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis californicus) following oiling and rehabilitation. | direct mortality of wildlife is generally used to quantify the damage caused by pollution events. however, free-ranging wildlife that survive initial exposure to pollutants may also experience long-term consequences. individuals that are rehabilitated following oil exposure have a known history of oiling and provide a useful study population for understanding behavior following pollution events. we gps-tracked 12 rehabilitated brown pelicans and compared their movements to those of eight non-oil ... | 2018 | 29886941 |
| productivity of waterbirds in potentially impacted areas of louisiana in 2011 following the deepwater horizon oil spill. | the deepwater horizon oil spill (2010) could have affected the behavior and productivity of birds nesting along the gulf of mexico. this research examined the productivity of several species of colonial waterbirds in 2011 in la colonies that were classified according to the m252 peak scat shoreline map oiling designations (as of april 6 2011) within 2 km of each colony. colonies were classified as no oil, little oil, or medium to heavy oil. because of the uneven distribution of oil and variation ... | 2018 | 29427241 |
| genetic structure of brown pelicans (pelecanus occidentalis) in the northern gulf of mexico in the context of human management and disturbance. | environmental disturbances, both natural and anthropogenic, have the capacity to substantially impact animal behavior and abundance, which can in turn influence patterns of genetic diversity and gene flow. however, little empirical information is available on the nature and degree of such changes due to the relative rarity of longitudinal genetic sampling of wild populations at appropriate intervals. addressing this knowledge gap is therefore of interest to evolutionary biologists, policy makers ... | 2017 | 28977003 |