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effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and ph.fungi (rhizopus stolonifer, trichoderma viride, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of aspergillus and penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of cd. in soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or ...197718085
[comparative enzymatic study of two strains of aspergillus fumigatus and of a. fischeri of sapropytic origin or isolated from human or animal lesions: practical diagnostic applications].14 enzymatic activities (3 dehydrogenases and 11 hydrolases) were systematically investigated in the extracts of 2 strains of aspergillus fischeri and 14 strains of a. fumigatus (8 isolated from human or animal lesions named 'pathogenic' strains and 6 strains of saprophytic origin). the enzymic composition of a. fumigatus appeared to be very different from one strain to another but no relationships could be established between enzymic differences and origin of the strains. in addition, the immun ...1976792691
heat-resistant fungi in the soil.the occurrence of heat-resistant fungi has been demonstrated in samples of soil from the slovak republic. the heat-resistant species isolated were byssochlamys nivea, dichotomomyces cejpii, eupenicillium baarnense, neosartorya fischeri, talaromyces avellaneus, tal. bacillisporus, tal. emersonii, tal. flavus, tal. trachyspermus, tal. wortmanii, botryotrichum piluliferum, gilmaniella humicola and nodulisporium sp. some of them were isolated for the first time from czechoslovakian soil. for the var ...19921445767
graft-related endocarditis caused by neosartorya fischeri var. spinosa.the first case of endocarditis caused by neosartorya fischeri var. spinosa is reported. the patient was a child who received a calf pericardium graft after removal of a previously inserted dacron graft associated with deterioration of adjacent tissue. copious vegetations removed from the heart were found to be composed of septate hyaline fungal filaments. the fungus was recognized in culture by its bivalved, winged, spiny ascospores, its aspergillus fischerianus anamorph, and its thermotolerance ...19921624579
incidence of heat-resistant fungi in nsukka, southern nigeria.a total of 42 soil samples collected from different parts of nsukka, southern nigeria, and 20 freshly plucked mango fruits were screened for the presence of heat-resistant fungi. each soil sample, suspended in sterile water, and washings from each mango fruit were separately heated at 70 degrees c for 1 h before plating on double-strength potato dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol and incubating at approx. 28 degrees c. approximately 98% of all soil samples and 17% of mango fruits contained ...19911909547
neosartorya fischeri var fischeri (wehmer) malloch and cain 1972 (anamorph: aspergillus fischerianus samson and gams 1985) as a cause of mycotic keratitis.the first case of mycotic keratitis caused by neosartorya fischeri var. fischeri the teleomorph of aspergillus fischerianus, is described. the patient, a 62-year-old man, had no history of trauma to his infected left eye. the infection progressed despite treatment with ketoconazole and the eye had to be eviscerated. histological studies revealed the presence of hyaline, septate mycelium in the eye tissue. cultures gave rise to a thermotolerant mould that developed both its asexual and sexual for ...19902091938
growth of and fumitremorgin production by neosartorya fischeri as affected by temperature, light, and water activity.the effects of temperature, light, and water activity (aw) on the growth and fumitremorgin production of a heat-resistant mold, neosartorya fischeri, cultured on czapek yeast autolysate agar (cya) were studied for incubation periods of up to 74 days. colonies were examined visually, and extracts of mycelia and cya on which the mold was cultured were analyzed for mycotoxin content by high-performance liquid chromatography. growth always resulted in the production of the tremorgenic mycotoxins ver ...19883415223
growth characteristics of selected fungi on polyvinyl chloride film.the objective of this study was to determine if plasticized polyvinyl chloride film would support the growth of any of nine species of fungi. the film was suspended in distilled water with no nutrients or with glucose or ammonium sulfate. spores of each of the test species were inoculated into the suspension medium, and the mixture was incubated at 30 degrees c for up to 18 weeks. most species were found to be capable of utilizing the film for carbon or nitrogen when the other nutrient was suppl ...19863707118
pulmonary aspergillosis caused by aspergillus fischeri var. spinosus: report of a case and value of serologic studies. 19734202251
isolation and characterization of antigens of aspergillus fischeri. 19715005720
the transformation of progesterone by cladosporium cladosporioides and aspergillus fischeri. 19705528374
incidence of heat-resistant molds in eastern orchards and vineyards. 19715544294
a new variety of aspergillus fischeri. 19685700469
verruculogen produced by soil fungi in england and wales.soil fungi, including aspergillus fischeri, penicillium piceum, penicillium nigricans, and penicillium raistrickii, produced a tremorgenic toxin previously described as toxin x. chemical analysis showed that this toxin was predominantly verruculogen.19817316507
fiscalins: new substance p inhibitors produced by the fungus neosartorya fischeri. taxonomy, fermentation, structures, and biological properties.three new compounds, named fiscalins a, b, and c, were found in culture broth produced by a neosartorya fischeri. these compounds inhibit the binding of radiolabeled substance p ligand to the human neurokinin (nk-1) receptor, with ki values of 57, 174, and 68 microm, respectively. detailed spectroscopic and amino acid analyses led to the elucidation of structures for the three fiscalins. the structures contain an indolyl moiety linked to an athranilic acid derived tricyclic system. the absolute ...19937684734
molecular characterization of the food-borne fungus neosartorya fischeri (malloch and cain).the food-borne fungus neosartorya fischeri, which is phenotypically related to the human opportunistic pathogen aspergillus fumigatus, causes spoilage of heat-processed fruit products. genomic methods were used to type n. fischeri strains and identify the genomic relationship between a. fumigatus and n. fischeri and between the different varieties of n. fischeri. ecori restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns obtained after ethidium bromide staining could differentiate most of n. ...19957747958
production of type ii ribotoxins by aspergillus species and related fungi in taiwan.a molecular investigation was conducted on the production of type ii ribotoxin of the species aspergillus and related fungi in taiwan. species that carried ribotoxin were confirmed by (1) cross-reactivity to anti-alpha-sarcin serum; (2) southern dot hybridization; (3) pcr amplification of genomic dna with specific primers; and (4) analysis of ribotoxic activity. five new strains, a. clavatus, a. oryzae var. effusus, a. ostianus, a. tamarii, and neosartorya fischeri var. spinosa, were identified ...19957778122
heat-resistant fungi of importance to the food and beverage industry.spoilage of pasteurized and canned fruit and fruit products caused by heat-resistant molds have been reported repeatedly in recent years. species most commonly implicated in fruit and fruit product disintegration are byssochlamys fulva, byssochlamys nivea, neosartorya fischeri, talaromyces flavus, and eupenicillium brefeldianum. these organisms are saprophytic rather than parasitic and usually contaminate fruits on or near the ground. they can survive heat treatments used for fruit processing an ...19947857517
heat resistant fungi isolated from soil.the thermal death time values (tdt) were estimated for dichotomomyces cejpii, gilmaniella humicola, talaromyces avellaneus and talaromyces bacillisporus isolated from soil. tdt values were compared with the tdt values of the known heat-resistant species, byssochlamys nivea, neosartorya fischeri and talaromyces flavus. all species studied showed considerable heat resistance. the most resistant species talaromyces avellaneus (172 cfu, initial concentration) of the isolates with unknown heat resist ...19947986681
resistance of neosartorya fischeri to wet and dry heat.dry heat resistance parameters for neosartorya fischeri ascospores were obtained at 90 degrees c and 95 degrees c under 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 75% relative humidity (rh) conditions. the dry heat treated spores were exposed to saturated water vapor (for 20-24 h at 4 degrees c) prior to recovery in buffer held at two temperatures (0 degrees c and 80 degrees c). approximately the same level of recovery was obtained at the two buffer temperatures except at the shortest heating times for the heat tr ...19948004412
factors affecting recovery of neosartorya fischeri ascospores after exposure to dry heat.recovery of neosartorya fischeri ascospores subjected to a dry heat treatment (dht) at 95 degrees c, 50% relative humidity (rh) for 60 minutes increased exponentially as the initial temperature of the recovery buffer increased. different diluents were evaluated and the same recovery pattern was obtained when water or dilute buffers were used to recover the dht spores. however, when glycerol was added to the buffer, the number of spores recovered in solutions held in ice water increased with incr ...19938120735
heat resistance of fungi from soil.the survival of fungi from soil samples has been investigated after exposure to temperatures of 60, 70, 80 and 90 degrees c in sabouraud agar. the least resistant fungi surviving 60 degrees c for 60 min were the aspergillus (a.) niger group, chaetomium spp, penicillium spp, and scytalidium lignicola. none of these survived 70 degrees c for 10 min. the next group surviving 70 degrees c for 60 min included the a. glaucus group, byssochlamys nivea, dichotomomyces cejpii, gelasinospora spp, rhizocto ...19938217516
structure of fischerin, a new toxic metabolite from an ascomycete, neosartorya fischeri var. fischeri.a new toxic metabolite named fischerin [1] from an ascomycete. neosartorya fischeri var. fischeri, which caused lethal peritonitis in mice, was deduced to have a structure including a 1,4-dihydroxy-3,5-disubstituted-2(1h)-pyridone moiety by chemical and spectral data.19938229011
survey of mycoflora and mycotoxins in egyptian soybean seeds.after four months in commercial storage, 100 soybean samples from different places of egyptian governorates were assayed for filamentous fungal growth at two incubation temperatures (28 and 45 degrees c). 73 species and 8 varieties belonging to 32 genera were isolated by the dilution plate method. at 28 degrees c, the common species were aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger and a. alutaceus, followed by a. terreus, penicillium chrysogenum, p. citrinum, mucor hiemalis, m. racemosus, emerice ...19938271157
5-n-acetylardeemin, a novel heterocyclic compound which reverses multiple drug resistance in tumor cells. i. taxonomy and fermentation of the producing organism and biological activity.the ardeemins are a new family of secondary metabolites produced by submerged fermentation of a fungus which was isolated from a soil sample collected in brazil. based on taxonomic studies, the producing culture was identified as aspergillus fischeri var. brasiliensis strain ab 1826m-35. 5-n-acetylardeemin potentiated the cytotoxicity of the anticancer agent vinblastine in multidrug resistant human tumor cells.19938478255
5-n-acetylardeemin, a novel heterocyclic compound which reverses multiple drug resistance in tumor cells. ii. isolation and elucidation of the structure of 5-n-acetylardeemin and two congeners.a family of novel compounds has been detected and isolated following an assay for the attenuation of multiple drug resistance in tumor cells from the fermentation broth and mycelia of a strain of aspergillus fischeri which we have designated var. brasiliensis. the structures of three components were determined employing 1-d and 2-d homonuclear and heteronuclear nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. the structure of 5-n-acetylardeemin was confirmed by single crystal x-ray diffraction. these com ...19938478256
purification and characterization of xylanase from alkali-tolerant aspergillus fischeri fxn1.alkali-tolerant aspergillus fischeri fxn1 produced two extracellular xylanases. the major xylanase (m(r) 31,000) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography and preparatory page. xylose was the major hydrolysis product from oat spelt and birch wood xylans. it was completely free of cellulolytic activities. the optimum ph and temperature were 6.0 and 60 degrees c, respectively. ph stability ranged from 5 to 9.5 and the t1/2 at 50 de ...19968978101
neosartorya fischeri: an invasive fungal pathogen in an allogeneic bone marrow transplant patient.invasive fungal infections are a complication of allogeneic bmt. we report the first case of a neosartorya fischeri fungal infection in a patient following allogeneic bmt. neosartorya fischeri is related to aspergillus fumigatus, but it is a distinct fungal species. despite granulocytic engraftment and aggressive anti-fungal therapy with amphotericin b, the patient died of overwhelming fungal infection on day 60 post-bmt. neosartorya fischeri is a pathogen that grows slowly in culture which can ...19979156256
toxinogenicity of heat-resistant fungi detected by a bio-assay.the ciliostatic activity of exo- and endometabolites of 125 (100%) heat-resistant fungal isolates was evaluated in vitro by a bioassay on tracheal tissue cultures of 1 day old chicks. for 11 (9%) of the isolates investigated chloroform-extractable secondary metabolites were detected in the medium. for 29 (23%) they were detected in mycelium and spores and for 25 (20%) they were detected in the medium, mycelium and spores at the same time. especially dichotomomyces cejpii and eupenicillium baarne ...19979217113
morphological characteristics of aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from patient samples.the aspergillus fumigatus group splits into the anamorphic a. fumigatus series and the teleomorphic neosartorya fischeri series. the species a. fumigatus fresenius is the most common species within the a. fumigatus series. forty-seven clinical isolates out of the a. fumigatus group were obtained from patients with diseases such as localized and invasive aspergilloses or allergic disorders due to aspergillus and were mainly isolated from respiratory secretions. isolates were studied concerning ma ...19979470420
shelf life study of some nigerian fruit juices inoculated with ascospores of neosartorya spp.mango, orange and pineapple juices containing various concentrations of sucrose were dispensed in 100 ml volumes into 100 ml conical flasks with stoppers. each juice in a flask was inoculated with ascospores of one local isolate of either neosartorya fischeri, n. fischeri var. spinosa or n. quadricincta to a final concentration of 120-140 ascospores/ml of juice, and then pasteurized at 80 degrees c for 30 min. a set of 36 inoculated flasks with 12 controls was stored at 4-5 degrees c and two set ...19979477427
evaluation of growth of neosartorya spp. on some nigerian fruit products.growth of neosartorya fischeri, n. fischeri var. spinosa and n. quadricincta on inoculated fruit juice agars (fjas) consisting of 1% agar and juices from mango (mja), orange (oja) and pineapple (pja) containing various levels of added sucrose was studied in terms of the average number of colonies produced by their ascospores, time (days) required before colonies were formed and developed to confluent mycelial mat as well as the level of reproductive spores produced. the means of the number of co ...19979650724
simultaneous aspergillus fischeri and herpes simplex pneumonia in a patient with multiple myeloma.a patient with light chain myeloma complicated by simultaneous herpes simplex and aspergillus fischeri pneumonia is presented. microscopic examination of her bronchoalveolar specimen showed bronchial cells with cytopathic effects and numerous cleistotheca, the sexual reproductive structures of aspergillus. culture was positive for herpes simplex virus and aspergillus fischeri. the initial partial response to amphotericin b followed by complete clinical response with addition of intravenous acycl ...19989730310
thermal death rate of ascospores of neosartorya fischeri atcc 200957 in the presence of organic acids and preservatives in fruit juices.heat-resistant molds, including neosartorya fischeri, are known to spoil thermally processed fruit products. the control measures required for such problems must not cause an appreciable loss of the organoleptic qualities of the final products. in the present study we determined the thermal death rates of ascospores of n. fischeri atcc 200957 in fruit juices containing organic acids and preservatives. the ascospores were able to survive for more than 6 h of heating at 75 degrees c, 5 h at 80 deg ...19989798155
mitochondrial cytochrome b gene analysis of aspergillus fumigatus and related species.nucleotide sequences of 426 bp from the mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome b genes of six anamorph species and two species of neosartorya teleomophs of aspergillus section fumigati were determined. these sequences were used to build nucleotide- and amino acid-based trees for phylogenetic analysis. thirteen strains of a. fumigatus including 10 clinical isolates of a. fumigatus, 1 type culture of a. fumigatus var. fumigatus, 1 type culture of a. fumigatus var. ellipticus, and 1 strain of a. fumigatus v ...200010747106
growth modelling of heat-resistant fungi: the effect of water activity.growth of three strains of heat-resistant fungi, byssochlamys fulva, neosartorya fischeri and talaromyces avellaneus, was studied at 25 degrees c at eight or nine water activities (a(w)) adjusted with sucrose between 0.995 and 0.85. the flexible growth model of baranyi describing the change in colony diameter (mm) with respect to time was first fitted to measured growth data and from the fitted curves the maximum colony growth rates were estimated. these values were fitted with respect to a(w) t ...200111205942
genetic variability within the aspergillus viridinutans species.the intraspecific variability of the aspergillus viridinutans species was examined using various techniques including morphological examinations, carbon-source-utilization tests, restriction-enzyme analysis of the mitochondrial and nuclear dna, and sequence analysis of part of the beta-tubulin gene. although the genetic distances between the isolates were higher than between, e.g., a. fumigatus and neosartorya fischeri, most a. viridinutans isolates, together with n. aureola and n. udagawae stra ...200011347269
identification of the configuration of neosartorin by long-range nuclear overhauser effect measurements.the relative configuration of the two xanthene units of neosartorin, a new ergochrome biosynthesised by the soil mould neosartorya fischeri, was determined using a 1d double-pulsed field gradient spin-echo noesy experiment. it was found that both units have the same relative stereochemistry. long-range nonbonding interactions between the substituents of different xanthene units stabilise the nonplanar configuration of the two aromatic rings a and a' connecting both monomer units of neosartorin.200111579447
detection of viable fungal spores contaminant on documents and rapid control of the effectiveness of an ethylene oxide disinfection using atp assay.filamentous fungi are able to damage and even destroy archival and library materials. nowadays the conventional method for detecting such micro-organisms is to put them in cultures but such methods are laborious and time-consuming. atp methodology has been widely applied in other domains and its success on bacteria and yeast has been demonstrated. several commercial reagent kits are available but they did not give satisfactory results on spores mould. we have elaborated new extraction strategies ...200312687632
purification and characterization of a low molecular weight endoxylanase from solid-state cultures of alkali-tolerant aspergillus fischeri.a low molecular weight, alkaline-stable endoxylanase (xylb) was purified to homogeneity from solid-state culture of aspergillus fischeri fxn1. xylb had a molecular mass of 13 kda which is the lowest of reported xylanases. optimal activity was at ph 6 and 55 degrees c. xylb was stable from ph 4.5 to 10 and up to 60 degrees c. it was non-glycosylated. the apparent k(m) and v(max) values of xylb on birch wood xylan were 0.53 mg ml(-1) and 0.2 mmol min-1 mg-1, respectively. the activity of xylb was ...200415483388
target selection in designing pasteurization processes for shelf-stable high-acid fruit products.this study is focused on the search for targets and criteria for the design of pasteurization processes for high-acid shelf-stable fruit products, such as juices, nectars, pastes, purees, concentrates, jams, jellies, etc. first, an overview of pasteurization is presented and then, frequently used targets for pasteurization processes are reviewed enzymes naturally present in fruits, in decreasing order of heat resistance, were pectinesterase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase, and they may be use ...200415540648
optimization of medium composition for alkali-stable xylanase production by aspergillus fischeri fxn 1 in solid-state fermentation using central composite rotary design.response surface methodology and central composite rotary design (ccrd) was employed to optimize a fermentation medium for the production of alkali-stable cellulase-free xylanase by aspergillus fischeri in solid-state fermentation at ph 9.0 with wheat bran as substrate. the four variables involved in this study were sodium nitrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulphate and yeast extract. the statistical analysis of the results showed that, in the range studied, only sodium nitrite h ...200515792586
genomic sequence of the pathogenic and allergenic filamentous fungus aspergillus fumigatus.aspergillus fumigatus is exceptional among microorganisms in being both a primary and opportunistic pathogen as well as a major allergen. its conidia production is prolific, and so human respiratory tract exposure is almost constant. a. fumigatus is isolated from human habitats and vegetable compost heaps. in immunocompromised individuals, the incidence of invasive infection can be as high as 50% and the mortality rate is often about 50% (ref. 2). the interaction of a. fumigatus and other airbor ...200516372009
low genetic variation and no detectable population structure in aspergillus fumigatus compared to closely related neosartorya species.aspergillus fumigatus is an anamorphic euascomycete mold with a ubiquitous presence worldwide. despite intensive work to understand its success as a pathogen infecting immunosuppressed patients, the population dynamics and recent evolutionary history of a. fumigatus remain understudied. we examined patterns of genetic variation at three intergenic loci for 70 natural isolates from europe, north america, south america, asia, africa, and australia. the same loci were used to analyze within-populat ...200616607012
the chemistry of mould tissue: fractionation of the nitrogen in the mycelium of aspergillus fischeri. 193416745412
the chemistry of mould tissue: factors influencing the amount and nature of the fat produced by aspergillus fischeri. 193516745649
two families of extracellular phospholipase c genes are present in aspergilli.fungi secrete extracellular enzymes to enable them to harvest nutrients from the environment. in the case of pathogenic fungi these enzymes can also be pathogenesis factors. here we report the identification in fungi of a complex family of extracellular phospholipase c (plc) enzymes, homologous to the pseudomonas aeruginosa plch_pseae. database searches and phylogenetic analysis showed that the plcs clustered into two groups with different evolutionary histories. one group, subdivided into plc-a ...200617015001
the first filamentous fungal genome sequences: aspergillus leads the way for essential everyday resources or dusty museum specimens?the published aspergillus genome sequences (a. nidulans, a. fumigatus, a. oryzae) and further sequence data from a. clavatus, neosartorya fischeri, a. flavus, a. niger, a. parasiticus and a. terreus are the first from a group of related filamentous fungi. they indicate the gains possible from genomic approaches, but also problems that arise after the sequences are finished. benefits include a greater understanding of genome structure and evolution, insights into gene regulation, predictions of n ...200717185529
dna sequence characterization and molecular evolution of mat1 and mat2 mating-type loci of the self-compatible ascomycete mold neosartorya fischeri.degenerate pcr and chromosome-walking approaches were used to identify mating-type (mat) genes and flanking regions from the homothallic (sexually self-fertile) euascomycete fungus neosartorya fischeri, a close relative of the opportunistic human pathogen aspergillus fumigatus. both putative alpha- and high-mobility-group-domain mat genes were found within the same genome, providing a functional explanation for self-fertility. however, unlike those in many homothallic euascomycetes (pezizomycoti ...200717384199
fluorescence quenching and time-resolved fluorescence studies of alpha-mannosidase from aspergillus fischeri (ncim 508).apart from the vital role in glycoprotein biosynthesis and degradation, alpha-mannosidase is currently an important therapeutic target for the development of anticancer agents. fluorescence quenching and time-resolved fluorescence of alpha-mannosidase, a multitryptophan protein from aspergillus fischeri were carried out to investigate the tryptophan environment. the tryptophans were found to be differentially exposed to the solvent and were not fully accessible to the neutral quencher indicating ...200717849180
a 7-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase from aspergillus fumigatus: overproduction, purification and biochemical characterization.a putative prenyltransferase gene, afu3g12930, was identified in the genome sequence of aspergillus fumigatus. eal92290, encoded by afu3g12930, consists of 472 aa, with a molecular mass of about 53 kda. the coding sequence of afu3g12930 was cloned in pqe60, and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the soluble his(6)-fusion protein was purified to apparent homogeneity, and characterized biochemically. the enzyme was found to catalyse the prenylation of trp at the c-7 position of the indole moiety, ...200717906140
weed growth inhibitors from aspergillus fischeri tistr 3272.chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of aspergillus fischeri tistr 3272 showed good growth inhibitory activity on mimosa pigra and echinochloa crus-galli. bioassay-directed fractionation of the active extracts led to the isolation of five known compounds, (+)-terrein (1), (-)-6-hydroxymellein (2), two diketopiperazines (cyclo-(s-pro-s-leu) (3) and cyclo-(s-pro-s-val) (4)) and butyrolactone i (5). compounds 2-5 were reported for the first time in this fungus. their structural determinations were ...200718075891
cloning, characterization and expression of the extracellular lipase gene from aureobasidium pullulans hn2-3 isolated from sea saltern.the extracellular lipase structural gene was isolated from cdna of aureobasidium pullulans hn2-3 by using smart(tm) race cdna amplification kit. the gene had an open reading frame of 1245 bp long encoding a lipase. the coding region of the gene was interrupted by only one intron (55 bp). it encodes 414 amino acid residues of a protein with a putative signal peptide of 26 amino acids. the protein sequence deduced from the extracellular lipase structural gene contained the lipase consensus sequenc ...200818340544
optimization of biobleaching of paper pulp in an expanded bed bioreactor with immobilized alkali stable xylanase by using response surface methodology.purified alkali stable xylanase from aspergillus fischeri was immobilized on polystyrene beads using diazotization method. an expanded bed bioreactor was developed with these immobilized beads to biobleach the paper pulp in continuous mode. response surface methodology was applied to optimize the biobleaching conditions. temperature (degrees c), flow rate of pulp (ml/min) and concentration of the pulp (%) were selected as variables in this study. optimal conditions for biobleaching process were ...200818343104
genomic islands in the pathogenic filamentous fungus aspergillus fumigatus.we present the genome sequences of a new clinical isolate of the important human pathogen, aspergillus fumigatus, a1163, and two closely related but rarely pathogenic species, neosartorya fischeri nrrl181 and aspergillus clavatus nrrl1. comparative genomic analysis of a1163 with the recently sequenced a. fumigatus isolate af293 has identified core, variable and up to 2% unique genes in each genome. while the core genes are 99.8% identical at the nucleotide level, identity for variable genes can ...200818404212
what can comparative genomics tell us about species concepts in the genus aspergillus?understanding the nature of species" boundaries is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. the availability of genomes from several species of the genus aspergillus allows us for the first time to examine the demarcation of fungal species at the whole-genome level. here, we examine four case studies, two of which involve intraspecific comparisons, whereas the other two deal with interspecific genomic comparisons between closely related species. these four comparisons reveal significant v ...200718490942
annotation of stress-response proteins in the aspergilli.stress-response proteins of aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus clavatus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus terreus and neosartorya fischeri (3908 in total) were annotated and grouped according to stress types (http://193.6.155.82/aspergillusstress/). all genomes harboured elements of the sska-hoga/saka stress signalling pathway. there are accumulating data pointing at the importance of sska-hoga/saka signalling in different types of stre ...200918703157
fungal volatilization of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic under laboratory conditions.production of volatile derivatives of arsenic was studied using pure cultures of different fungal strains under laboratory conditions. arsenic was used in its trivalent and pentavalent forms to evaluate the effect of arsenic valency on its biovolatilization. the average amount of volatilized arsenic for all fungal strains ranged from 0.026 mg to 0.257 mg and 0.024 mg to 0.191 mg of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic, respectively. these results show that approximately 23% of arsenic was volatiliz ...200918774290
acetylaszonalenin biosynthesis in neosartorya fischeri. identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster by genomic mining and functional proof of the genes by biochemical investigation.based on the structural information of acetylaszonalenin isolated from neosartorya fischeri, a putative biosynthetic gene cluster was identified in the genome sequence of this fungus by genomic mining. this cluster consists of three genes coding for a putative non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (anaps), a prenyltransferase (anapt), and an acetyltransferase (anaat). the coding sequences of anapt and anaat were cloned in pqe70 and pqe60, respectively, and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the solub ...200919001367
fungal biodegradation of hard coal by a newly reported isolate, neosartorya fischeri.cynodon dactylon (bermuda grass) has been observed to grow sporadically on the surface of coal dumps in the witbank coal mining area of south africa. root zone investigation indicated that a number of fungal species may be actively involved in the biodegradation of hard coal, thus enabling the survival of the plant, through mutualistic interaction, in this extreme environment. in an extensive screening program of over two thousand samples, the deuteromycete, neosartorya fischeri, was isolated an ...200819016511
class ii alpha-mannosidase from aspergillus fischeri: energetics of catalysis and inhibition.energetics of the catalysis of class ii alpha-mannosidase (e.c.3.2.1.24) from aspergillus fischeri was studied. the enzyme showed kcat/km for man (alpha1-3) man, man (alpha1-2) man and man (alpha1-6) man as 7488, 5376 and 3690 m(-1) min(-1), respectively. the activation energy, ea was 15.14, 47.43 and 71.21 kj/mol for alpha1-3, alpha1-2 and alpha1-6 linked mannobioses, respectively, reflecting the energy barrier in the hydrolysis of latter two substrates. the enzyme showed kcat/km as 3.56x10(5) ...200919038284
evolution of aromatic prenyltransferases in the biosynthesis of indole derivatives.a series of putative indole prenyltransferase genes could be identified in the genome sequences of different fungal strains including aspergillus fumigatus and neosartorya fischeri. the gene products show significant sequence similarities to dimethylallyltryptophan synthases from different fungi. we have cloned and overexpressed seven of these genes, fgapt1, fgapt2, ftmpt1, ftmpt2, 7-dmats, cdpnpt and anapt in escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the overproduced enzymes were character ...200919398116
stereospecific synthesis of aszonalenins by using two recombinant prenyltransferases.in previous studies, two prenyltransferases were overproduced and characterised biochemically. anapt from neosartorya fischeri is involved in the biosynthesis of acetylaszonalenin and was shown to catalyse the c3-prenylation of (r)-benzodiazepinedione (6). cdpnpt from aspergillus fumigatus catalysed the n1-prenylation of different tryptophan-containing cyclic dipeptides. in this report, cdpnpt was found to catalyse the c3-prenylation of 6 and its (s)-isomer (7). interestingly, anapt and cdpnpt i ...200919421461
utility of a proposed csp typing nomenclature for australian aspergillus fumigatus isolates: identification of additional csp types and suggested modifications.a recently developed csp typing scheme and proposed nomenclature was applied to a collection of 164 clinical and environmental aspergillus fumigatus isolates from melbourne, australia. fifteen csp variants were observed overall, including three that were not reported in the original nomenclature that described 19 csp variants, raising the possibility of phylogeographic differences between the australian and the previously studied european and north american a. fumigatus populations. however, tho ...200919524623
applications of dimethylallyltryptophan synthases and other indole prenyltransferases for structural modification of natural products.a series of putative indole prenyltransferase genes could be identified in the genome sequences of different fungal strains including aspergillus fumigatus and neosartorya fischeri. the gene products show significant sequence similarities to dimethylallyltryptophan synthases from various fungi. these genes belong to different gene clusters and are involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. ten of them were cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae and ...200919633837
identification of two marine fungi and evaluation of their antivirus and antitumor activities.to identify two marine fungi and evaluate the inhibitory effects of their crude extracts on tobacco mosaic virus and two tumor cell lines.200920030065
[phylogenetic analysis and detection of selective pressure on the cvnh domains].cyanovirin-n (cv-n) is a novel protein with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. its homologs constitute a protein family known as cvnh (cyanovirin-n homology), which possess the evolutionarily conserved anti-hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) domain. in this study, more details about the patchy organism distribution of cvnh domain were explored by reconstructing gene trees. duplicated cvnh sequences were also identified in a wide range of species including aspergillus niger, neosartorya fischeri ...201020085891
reconstruction of pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles carrying an alpha-configured reverse c3-dimethylallyl moiety by using recombinant enzymes.nine reversely c3-prenylated pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles were successfully prepared by using two recombinant enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of acetylaszonalenin from neosartorya fischeri. the prenyltransferase anapt catalysed the conversion of six tryptophan-containing cyclic dipeptides to reversely c3-prenylated indoline derivatives. using cyclo-l-trp-l-trp as substrate, both mono- and diprenylated indolines were obtained. two of the anapt products were acetylated at position n1 by the acetyltr ...201020165805
conformational and functional transitions in class ii alpha-mannosidase from aspergillus fischeri.the conformational transitions in an oligomeric and high molecular weight class ii alpha-mannosidase from aspergillus fischeri were examined using fluorescence and cd spectroscopy under chemical, thermal and acid denaturing conditions. the enzyme lost the activity first and then the overall folded conformation and secondary structure. the midpoint values of gdnhcl mediated changes measured by inactivation; fluorescence and negative ellipticity were 0.48 m, 1.5 m and 1.9 m, respectively. the prot ...201020204683
anthranilate-activating modules from fungal nonribosomal peptide assembly lines.fungal natural products containing benzodiazepinone- and quinazolinone-fused ring systems can be assembled by nonribosomal peptide synthetases (nrps) using the conformationally restricted beta-amino acid anthranilate as one of the key building blocks. we validated that the first module of the acetylaszonalenin synthetase of neosartorya fischeri nrrl 181 activates anthranilate to anthranilyl-amp. with this as a starting point, we then used bioinformatic predictions about fungal adenylation domain ...201020225828
preparation of pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles carrying a beta-configured reverse c3-dimethylallyl moiety by using a recombinant prenyltransferase cdpc3pt.six beta-configured reversely c3-prenylated pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles were successfully prepared by using a recombinant prenyltransferase from neosartorya fischeri. for this purpose, the putative prenyltransferase gene nfia_074280 (termed herewith cdpc3pt) was cloned into pqe60 and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the overproduced his(6)-cdpc3pt was purified to near homogeneity and incubated with five cyclic tryptophan-containing dipeptides in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate (dmapp). all ...201020448903
the role of a plant/fungal consortium in the degradation of bituminous hard coal.the sporadic growth of cynodon dactylon was observed to occur directly on the surface of hard coal in dumps of the witbank coal mining area of south africa with the surface coal being broken down into a humic-like particulate material. microorganism analysis of plants and rhizosphere material from the dumps revealed the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the coal solubilising fungus, neosartorya fischeri. studies established to replicate the dump environment revealed increased coal deg ...201120602151
high-level expression of a specific beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase from the thermophilic fungus paecilomyces thermophila in pichia pastoris.in this study, a novel beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase gene (designated as ptlic16a) from paecilomyces thermophila was cloned and sequenced. ptlic16a has an open reading frame of 945 bp, encoding 314 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence shares the highest identity (61%) with the putative endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase from neosartorya fischeri nrrl 181. ptlic16a was cloned into a vector ppic9k and was expressed successfully in pichia pastoris as active extracellular beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase. the recomb ...201020645085
the human ku autoantigen shares amino acid sequence homology with fungal, but not bacterial and viral, proteins.context: molecular mimicry between autoantigens and microbial antigens is a possible triggering mechanism of autoimmunity. human ku is a dna-associated autoantigen targeted by autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders; available data are consistent with a role of molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of anti-ku autoimmunity, but no research exist on this topic. objective: we aimed to define the most probable microbial triggers of anti-ku autoimmunity via ...201120718578
sequential opportunistic infections in two german shepherd dogs.two german shepherd dogs with sequential opportunistic infections are described. the first was a 2-year-old male with cryptococcal rhinitis that spread to involve the optic nerves and brain. it was successfully treated with combination therapy utilising amphotericin b administered for 2 years, but the dog developed a disseminated aspergillus deflectus infection 5 years later and was euthanased. the second case was a 4-year-old male that presented for a severe, deep-seated infection of the right ...201121250949
sinonasal and sino-orbital aspergillosis in 23 cats: aetiology, clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes.aetiology, clinicopathological findings and treatment outcomes were documented in 23 cats (1.5-13years of age) with sinonasal (sna, n=6) or sino-orbital (soa, n=17) aspergillosis. cases recruited retrospectively and prospectively were included if fungal hyphae were identified on cytological or histological examination and the fungal pathogen was identified by pcr and dna sequencing (its1 or its1-5.8s-its2 regions, rdna gene cluster). fungal culture was positive in 22/23 cases. in cases of sna, t ...201121388842
rapid identification of aspergillus fumigatus within the section fumigati.abstract:201121510879
permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 october 2009-30 november 2009.this article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) sequencing primers to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: acanthopagrus schlegeli, anopheles lesteri, aspergillus clavatus, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus terreus, branchiostoma japonicum, branchiostoma belcheri, colias behrii, coryphopterus personatus, cynogolssus semilaevis, cy ...201021565039
first evidence of mineralization of petroleum asphaltenes by a strain of neosartorya fischeri.a fungal strain isolated from a microbial consortium growing in a natural asphalt lake is able to grow in purified asphaltenes as the only source of carbon and energy. the asphaltenes were rigorously purified in order to avoid contamination from other petroleum fractions. in addition, most of petroporphyrins were removed. the 18s rrna and β-tubulin genomic sequences, as well as some morphologic characteristics, indicate that the isolate is neosartorya fischeri. after 11 weeks of growth, the fung ...201121624102
molecular organization of the mating-type loci in the homothallic ascomycete eupenicillium crustaceum.eupenicillium species are the teleomorphic (sexual) forms of anamorphic (asexual) members of the genus penicillium, which contains many species of industrial importance. here we describe the first molecular analysis of the mating-type (mat) locus from a homothallic (self-fertile) eupenicillium species, e. crustaceum. this ascomycete is a sexual relative of the penicillin producer penicillium chrysogenum, which while long considered asexual, was recently shown to possess the required genetic mach ...201121724167
isolation and characterization of neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein (nfap).a novel 6.6kda antifungal peptide (nfap) from the culture supernatant of the mold, neosartorya fischeri (anamorf: aspergillus fischerianus), and its encoding gene were isolated in this study. nfap is a small, basic and cysteine-rich protein consisting of 57 amino acid residues. it shows 37.9-50% homology to similar proteins described in literature from aspergillus clavatus, aspergillus giganteus, aspergillus niger, and penicillium chrysogenum. the in silico presumed tertiary structure of nfap, e ...201121741420
Removal of arsenic from aqueous environments by native and chemically modified biomass of Aspergillus niger and Neosartorya fischeri.Arsenic removal from aqueous solutions by biomass of two fungal strains, Aspergillus niger and Neosartorya fischeri, was assessed. The biosorption capacity of fungal biomass was studied within the As(V) concentration range of approximately 0.2 to 5.0 mg L(-1) at two different pH values (pH 5 and 7). With increasing initial arsenic concentration, the biosorption capacity of both fungal strains increased almost linearly and achieved the sorption capacity of 0.317 and 0.124 mg g(-1) for biomass of ...201121970163
characterization of a recombinant aryl β-glucosidase from neosartorya fischeri nrrl181.an isolated gene from neosartorya fischeri nrrl181 encoding a β-glucosidase (bgl) was cloned, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. dna sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,467 bp, capable of encoding a polypeptide of 488 amino acid residues. the gene was over-expressed in escherichia coli, and the protein was purified using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid chromatography. the purified recombinant bgl showed a high level of catalytic activity, with v (max) ...201122042231
biosorption and biovolatilization of arsenic by heat-resistant fungi (5 pp).the aim of this work is to show the ability of several fungal species, isolated from arsenic polluted soils, to biosorb and volatilize arsenic from a liquid medium under laboratory conditions. mechanisms of biosorption and biovolatilization play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic in the environment. the quantification of production of volatile arsenicals is discussed in this article.200721959538
new resources for functional analysis of omics data for the genus aspergillus.detailed and comprehensive genome annotation can be considered a prerequisite for effective analysis and interpretation of omics data. as such, gene ontology (go) annotation has become a well accepted framework for functional annotation. the genus aspergillus comprises fungal species that are important model organisms, plant and human pathogens as well as industrial workhorses. however, go annotation based on both computational predictions and extended manual curation has so far only been availa ...201121974739
a heme peroxidase of the ascomyceteous lichen leptogium saturninum oxidizes high-redox potential substrates.lichens belonging to the order peltigerales display strong activity of multi-copper oxidases (e.g. tyrosinase) as well as heme-containing peroxidases. the lichen peroxidase was purified to homogeneity from the thallus of leptogium saturninum (lsapox) by fast protein liquid chromatography and then partially characterized. the oligomeric protein occurs as both 79 kda dimeric and 42 kda monomeric forms, and displayed broad substrate specificity. in addition to an ability to oxidize classic peroxida ...201122056522
Bioactive metabolites from a marine-derived strain of the fungus Neosartorya fischeri.Two new compounds named fischeacid (1) and fischexanthone (2), together with eight known compounds, were obtained from the culture of a marine-derived fungus Neosartorya fischeri strain 1008F(1). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data. Bioassays indicated that AGI-B4 (5) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (10) showed potent inhibitory effect on the replication of tobacco mosaic virus, and AGI-B4 also possessed an inhibition of the cell proliferation of hum ...201121916772
functionality and prevalence of trehalose-based oligosaccharides as novel compatible solutes in ascospores of neosartorya fischeri (aspergillus fischeri) and other fungi.ascospores of neosartorya, byssochlamys and talaromyces can be regarded as the most stress-resistant eukaryotic cells. they can survive exposure at temperatures as high as 85°c for 100 min or more. neosartorya fischeri ascospores are more viscous and more resistant to the combined stress of heat and desiccation than the ascospores of talaromyces macrosporus which contain predominantly trehalose. these ascospores contain trehalose-based oligosaccharides (tos) that are novel compatible solutes, wh ...201425040129
a new approach to microbial production of gallic acid.in a new approach to microbial gallic acid production by aspergillus fischeri mtcc 150, 40gl(-1) of tannic acid was added in two installments during the bioconversion phase of the process (25gl(-1) and 15gl(-1) at 32 and 44h respectively). the optimum parameters for the bioconversion phase were found to be temperature: 35°c, ph: slightly acidic (3.3-3.5), aeration: nil and agitation: 250 rpm. a maximum of 71.4% conversion was obtained after 71h fermentation with 83.3% product recovery. the yield ...200824031294
enhanced biological straw saccharification through coculturing of lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms.lignocellulosic waste (lcw) is an abundant, low-cost, and inedible substrate for the induction of lignocellulolytic enzymes for cellulosic bioethanol production using an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical biological approach. in this study, 30 different lignocellulose-degrading bacterial and 18 fungal isolates were quantitatively screened individually for the saccharification of four different ball-milled straw substrates: wheat, rice, sugarcane, and pea straw. rice and sugarcan ...201525724976
disparate proteome responses of pathogenic and nonpathogenic aspergilli to human serum measured by activity-based protein profiling (abpp).aspergillus fumigatus is the primary pathogen causing the devastating pulmonary disease invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. there is high genomic synteny between a. fumigatus and closely related rarely pathogenic neosartorya fischeri and aspergillus clavatus genomes. we applied activity-based protein profiling to compare unique or overexpressed activity-based probe-reactive proteins of all three fungi over time in minimal media growth and in response to human serum. we found ...201323599423
loop 3 of fungal endoglucanases of glycoside hydrolase family 12 modulates catalytic efficiency.glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose. however, the important roles of the loop regions of gh12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood. this study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of gh12 glucanases using nfeg12a from neosartorya fischeri p1 and eg (pdb 1ks4) from aspergillus niger acidophilic and thermophilic nfeg12a had the hig ...201728039140
a penicillium chrysogenum-based expression system for the production of small, cysteine-rich antifungal proteins for structural and functional analyses.small, cysteine-rich and cationic antifungal proteins (aps) from filamentous ascomycetes, such as nfap from neosartorya fischeri and paf from penicillium chrysogenum, are promising candidates for novel drug development. a prerequisite for their application is a detailed knowledge about their structure-function relation and mode of action, which would allow protein modelling to enhance their toxicity and specificity. technologies for structure analyses, such as electronic circular dichroism (ecd) ...201627835989
heterologous production of an acidic thermostable lipase with broad-range ph activity from thermophilic fungus neosartorya fischeri p1.thermophilic neosartorya fischeri p1 is an excellent lipase producer and harbors seven lipase genes. all genes were found to be functional after heterologous expression in escherichia coli. one of them, lip09, showed high-level expression in pichia pastoris with the yield of 2.0 g/l in a 3.7-l fermentor. deduced amino acid sequence of lip09 consists of a putative signal peptide (residues 1-19) and a mature polypeptide (residues 20-562). compared with other fungal counterparts, purified recombina ...201627503553
biochemical properties and evaluation of washing performance in commercial detergent compatibility of two collagenolytic serine peptidases secreted by aspergillus fischeri and penicillium citrinum.filamentous fungi secrete diverse peptidases with different biochemical properties, which is of considerable importance for application in various commercial sectors. in this study, we describe the isolation of two fungal species collected from the soil of decayed organic matter: aspergillus fischeri and penicillium citrinum. in a submerged bioprocess, we observed better peptidase production with the fungus p. citrinum, which reached a peak production at 168 h with 760 u/ml, in comparison with t ...201727552601
revisiting overexpression of a heterologous β-glucosidase in trichoderma reesei: fusion expression of the neosartorya fischeri bgl3a to cbh1 enhances the overall as well as individual cellulase activities.the filamentous fungus trichoderma reesei has the capacity to secret large amounts of cellulase and is widely used in a variety of industries. however, the t. reesei cellulase is weak in β-glucosidase activity, which results in accumulation of cellobiose inhibiting the endo- and exo-cellulases. by expressing an exogenous β-glucosidase gene, the recombinant t. reesei cellulase is expected to degrade cellulose into glucose more efficiently.201627400964
aspergillus fumigatus-related species in clinical practice.aspergillus fumigatus is the main etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis (ia). other aspergillus species belonging to the section fumigati (a. fumigatus complex) may occasionally be the cause of ia. these strains are often misidentified, as they cannot be distinguished from a. fumigatus by conventional morphological analysis and sequencing methods. this lack of recognition may have important consequences as these a. fumigatus-related species often display some level of intrinsic resistance to ...201627242710
[neosartorya fischeri (wehmer) malloch & cain]. 201626965879
crude extracts of marine-derived and soil fungi of the genus neosartorya exhibit selective anticancer activity by inducing cell death in colon, breast and skin cancer cell lines.the crude ethyl acetate extracts of marine-derived fungi neosartorya tsunodae kufc 9213 (e1) and n. laciniosa kufc 7896 (e2), and soil fungus n. fischeri kufc 6344 (e3) were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activities on a panel of seven human cancer cell lines.201726941530
biotransformation of petroleum asphaltenes and high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by neosartorya fischeri.neosartorya fischeri, an aspergillaceae fungus, was evaluated in its capacity to transform high molecular weight polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons (hmw-pahs) and the recalcitrant fraction of petroleum, the asphaltenes. n. fischeri was able to grow in these compounds as sole carbon source. coronene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, together with the asphaltenes, were assayed for fungal biotransformation. the transformation of the asphaltenes and hmw-pahs was confirmed by reverse ...201626893177
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