| sequences of the four larger proteins of a porcine group c rotavirus and comparison with the equivalent group a rotavirus proteins. | the sequences of the four larger proteins of rotavirus group c (cowden strain) are presented and compared with the sequences of the corresponding group a proteins. they exhibit a significant level of homology, allowing gene coding assignment for the group c rotavirus. the coding strategy of the group c virus rna segment is the same as that for the group a large segments as one long open reading frame is present in each segment. the genome segment 1 encodes the structural protein vp1 which presen ... | 1992 | 1310192 |
| in vitro transcription and translation of genomic rna from a porcine group c rotavirus. | eleven segments of ssrna were synthesized from dsrnas of a porcine group (gp) c rotavirus (cowden strain) using an in vitro transcription system. in vitro translation of unfractionated ssrnas revealed at least nine viral proteins, ranging from 22 kda to 93 kda. the 37 kda and 25 kda proteins were glycosylated as demonstrated by the endoglycosidase h assay. in vitro translated products analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and partial protease peptide mapping were comparable to those ... | 1992 | 1315134 |
| detection of human group c rotaviruses by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies was established for the detection of human group c rotaviruses. seventeen clinical samples which were found to contain group c rotaviruses were all strongly positive, whereas 9 samples containing group a rotaviruses and 51 samples lacking rotaviruses were all negative with this test. | 1992 | 1316369 |
| a family outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by group c rotavirus. | a family outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by group c rotavirus is described. all five members of the family, with children between 8 and 15 years of age, fell ill with diarrhea. the diagnosis was initially based on the detection of rotavirus rna showing a typical group c profile in gel electrophoresis in stool samples, and it was serologically verified from patient sera using a cell culture adapted porcine group c rotavirus as a source of standard antigen. all collected serum samples from the ... | 1992 | 1318707 |
| development of a biotin-streptavidin-enhanced enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which uses monoclonal antibodies for detection of group c rotaviruses. | a biotin-streptavidin-enhanced enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) which uses monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for the detection of group c rotaviruses was developed. an assay in which plates were coated with three pooled mabs and biotinylated polyclonal immunoglobulin g (igg) (polyclonal antibody [pab]) was used as the detector (mab capture-pab detector) was found to be the most sensitive and specific of the assays when it was compared with assays in which plates were coated with polyclonal a ... | 1992 | 1321166 |
| detection of group c rotavirus antigens and antibodies in animals and humans by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed to detect group (gp) c rotavirus antigens and antibodies. both assays were confirmed to be specific for gp c rotavirus by using serogroup a, b, and c rotaviruses; hyperimmune antisera to these serogroups of rotaviruses; and paired serum specimens from animals infected with gp c rotaviruses. the elisa for antigen detection reacted not only with porcine gp c rotaviruses but also with human and bovine gp c rotaviruses. following experimenta ... | 1992 | 1323577 |
| analysis of the genetic diversity of genes 5 and 6 among group c rotaviruses using cdna probes. | two partial cdna clones of genes 5 (encoding the major inner capsid protein vp 6) and 6 (encoding a nonstructural protein) of the porcine group (gp) c rotavirus (cowden strain) were radiolabeled with 32p and used individually as probes in northern and dot blot hybridization assays. the specificity of each probe was tested against genomic dsrna from: (1) porcine gp a, b, and c rotaviruses; (2) gp c rotaviruses from different species; and (3) porcine gp c rotavirus field strains with varying elect ... | 1992 | 1326268 |
| expression of the major capsid protein vp6 of group c rotavirus and synthesis of chimeric single-shelled particles by using recombinant baculoviruses. | vp6 of group c (cowden strain) rotavirus was expressed in the baculovirus system. the recombinant protein, expressed to a high level in insect cells, was purified by ion-exchange chromatography. the purified protein was proven to be trimeric. the effect of ph on the trimer's stability was investigated. coexpression of vp6 from group a (bovine strain rf) and vp6 from group c in the baculovirus system did not result in the formation of chimeric trimers. coexpression of vp2 from group a rotavirus ( ... | 1992 | 1326644 |
| the correct sequence of the porcine group c/cowden rotavirus major inner capsid protein shows close homology with human isolates from brazil and the u.k. | amino acid sequence alignments between the human group c/bristol and the published porcine group c/cowden vp6 proteins have revealed a region of extreme sequence divergence. we have been unable to confirm the nucleotide sequence of the cowden vp6 gene corresponding to this region of divergence. direct sequencing of a pcr-amplified cdna pool has revealed a frame shift, and three nucleotide changes, within the published sequence of the porcine (cowden) vp6 gene. the corrected sequence of the porci ... | 1992 | 1326817 |
| nucleotide sequence of gene 5 encoding the inner capsid protein (vp6) of bovine group c rotavirus: comparison with corresponding genes of group c, a, and b rotaviruses. | to further study the molecular characteristics of group (gp) c rotaviruses, we produced, cloned, and sequenced cdna to gene 5 of the shintoku strain of bovine gp c rotavirus. the resulting clone was specific for gene 5 and was genetically related to the human and porcine gp c rotaviruses, as demonstrated by northern blot hybridization analysis. the shintoku gene 5 is 1352 nucleotides in length and has one open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 395 amino acids with a predicted molecular mas ... | 1992 | 1326819 |
| characterization of an oligomerization domain and rna-binding properties on rotavirus nonstructural protein ns34. | intermolecular interactions between polypeptide chains often play essential roles in such biological phenomena as replication, transcription, translation, transport, ligand binding, and assembly. we have initiated studies of the functions of the rotavirus sa114f gene 7 product by sequence analysis and expression in insect cells. this nonstructural protein, ns34, is a slightly acidic protein, and its secondary structure is predicted to be 78% alpha-helix, with several heptad repeats of hydrophobi ... | 1992 | 1326821 |
| evidence of serologic diversity within group c rotaviruses. | the cowden strain of porcine group c rotavirus and the shintoku strain of bovine group c rotavirus were classified as different serotypes by two-way cross-neutralization tests. two neutralization patterns against the cowden and shintoku strains were observed when hyperimmune or convalescent-phase antisera to three noncultivatable porcine group c rotaviruses and a human group c rotavirus were used in one-way cross-neutralization tests. antisera to two porcine group c rotaviruses and the human gro ... | 1992 | 1333486 |
| cloning of noncultivatable human rotavirus by single primer amplification. | a novel, sequence-independent strategy has been developed for the amplification of full-length cdna copies of the genes of double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses. using human (bristol) group c rotavirus as an example, a single amino-linked modified oligonucleotide (primer 1) was ligated to either end of each dsrna genome segment by using t4 rna ligase. following reverse transcription, annealing, and repair of cdna strands, amplification of the viral dsrna genome was accomplished by polymerase chain ... | 1992 | 1371174 |
| group c rotavirus requires sialic acid for erythrocyte and cell receptor binding. | current immunological and biochemical information regarding the hemagglutinin and virus-cell interactions of rotavirus is obtained exclusively from studies with group a rotaviruses. in this study, i report that the immunologically and genetically distinct group c rotavirus also possesses a hemagglutinin. the viral hemagglutinin was identified on a cultivable porcine group c rotavirus strain (strain amc-1) by using agglutinated human and guinea pig erythrocytes. neuraminidase treatment of fresh h ... | 1992 | 1380096 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to porcine group c rotaviruses cross-reactive with group a rotaviruses. | five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to porcine group (gp) c rotaviruses (cowden and ah strains) reactive with both gp a and c rotaviruses in cell culture immunofluorescence (ccif) tests were produced and characterized. these mabs reacted with three strains of gp a and two strains of gp c rotaviruses in a ccif test and were classified into two groups based on their ccif titers. the mabs also reacted to various degrees with cell-culture-propagated porcine gp c rotavirus (cowden) and bovine gp a rota ... | 1992 | 1384230 |
| comparison of human and porcine group c rotaviruses by northern blot hybridization analysis. | the genetic relationship between human and porcine gp c rotaviruses and between gp c and gp a or b rotaviruses was examined by northern blot hybridization. cross-hybridization studies using radiolabeled ssrna transcript probes demonstrated that the human and porcine gp c rotaviruses shared a high degree of nucleotide sequence homology in most of the eleven gene segments; the greatest sequence divergence was observed in gene 7. neither the human nor the porcine gp c probe hybridized strongly with ... | 1991 | 1648897 |
| epidemiology of group c rotavirus gastroenteritis in matsuyama, japan. | the epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis was studied in the matsuyama district from january to may 1988. among strains of rotaviruses detected 46 showed the group c-specific page pattern of virus rna. group c rotavirus gastroenteritis occurred following an epidemic of group a rotavirus infection, primarily in children aged 4-7 years but rarely in those aged 0-1 years. this was seriologically confirmed after the epidemic. unlike the previous strains detected in matsuyama in 1985-1986, page o ... | 1991 | 1649541 |
| analysis of the gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7) of group c rotaviruses by northern and dot blot hybridization. | the genetic diversity of gene 8 (encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein vp7) among group (gp) c rotaviruses was examined by northern and dot blot hybridization. a cdna clone of the porcine gp c cowden strain gene 8 was labeled with 32p by nick translation and used as a probe. the gene 8 probe hybridized with the corresponding gene of one human (88-196) and four porcine (cowden, nb, wh, and wi) strains of gp c rotaviruses under both moderate (50% formamide, 5x ssc, and 42 degrees) and high (50% f ... | 1991 | 1651601 |
| molecular analysis of the gene 6 from a porcine group c rotavirus that encodes the ns34 equivalent of group a rotaviruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene 6 from the porcine group (gp) c rotavirus strain cowden was determined from gene 6-specific clones selected from a cdna library and from viral transcript rna. the gene is 1348 nucleotides in length with a potential initiation codon beginning at nucleotide 25 and a stop codon at nucleotide 1231. the deduced protein contains 402 amino acids. comparison of the gene 6 from this gp c strain with sequences in the genbank data base indicated that this gene s ... | 1991 | 1653496 |
| molecular cloning, sequence analysis and coding assignment of the major inner capsid protein gene of human group c rotavirus. | the vp6 gene of human group c rotavirus was cloned and sequenced. hybridization to the human group c and the porcine group c/cowden dsrna genomes assigned this coding sequence to segment 5. the complete human vp6 sequence contained an open reading frame of 1185 nucleotides (395 amino acids; deduced mr 44,669 da). the protein sequence demonstrated low homology with the group a vp6 sequences (41.7 to 42.7%) and high homology (88.9%) with the porcine group c vp6 sequence. however, the protein seque ... | 1991 | 1653500 |
| epidemiological survey of human rotavirus serotypes and electropherotypes in young children admitted to two children's hospitals in northeast london from 1984 to 1990. | a retrospective and prospective survey was carried out to determine the relative frequency of rotavirus serotypes infecting children with diarrhea or vomiting or both who were admitted to the hospitals for sick children in london during a 6-year period from 1984 to 1990. the results were compared with data for the same period from a study in birmingham, united kingdom. the serotype of rotaviruses infecting 1,019 children was ascertained by enzyme immunoassay with vp7-specific monoclonal antibodi ... | 1991 | 1658035 |
| adaptation and serial passage of porcine group c rotavirus in st-cells, an established diploid swine testicular cell line. | a porcine group c rotavirus (strain cowden-amc-1) was adapted and serially passaged in an established diploid swine testicular cell line (st cells). growth of group c rotavirus in st cells, which in maintenance medium required trypsin, but not pancreatin resulted in cytopathic effect characterized by cellular stranding and subsequent cell lysis. active replication and assembly were confirmed by rna profile analysis, immune electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. adaptation of non-group a rot ... | 1991 | 1659801 |
| isolation, characterization, and serial propagation of a bovine group c rotavirus in a monkey kidney cell line (ma104). | a virus (designated the shintoku strain) which was morphologically indistinguishable from group a rotaviruses was detected in the feces of adult cows with diarrhea in japan. the virus contained 11 segments of double-stranded rna and had an electrophoretic migration pattern in polyacrylamide gels similar to that of other group c rotaviruses (4-3-2-2). feces containing the bovine virus reacted with antiserum to porcine group c rotavirus (cowden strain) but not group a or b rotaviruses in immunoele ... | 1991 | 1663512 |
| reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to the 41-kilodalton protein of porcine group c rotavirus with homologous and heterologous rotavirus serogroups in immunofluorescence tests. | three monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to porcine group c rotavirus immunoprecipitated the major inner capsid protein (41 kda) but failed to precipitate group a rotavirus proteins. in immunofluorescence tests of rotavirus-infected cell cultures or pig intestines, the mabs recognized porcine and bovine group c rotaviruses but not group a or b rotaviruses. these mabs may recognize the group c rotavirus counterpart to vp6 of group a rotaviruses and may be useful as diagnostic reagents. | 1991 | 1663522 |
| sequence conservation of gene 8 between human and porcine group c rotaviruses and its relationship to the vp7 gene of group a rotaviruses. | cdna libraries from porcine group (gp) c rotavirus strain cowden and a human gp c rotavirus strain were generated. the complete nucleotide sequence of gene 8 from the cowden strain was determined from gene 8-specific clones and viral transcript rna. a full-length gene 8 clone was generated from the human gp c virus by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using primers deduced from the 3' and 5' ends of the cowden strain gene 8, and the sequence of the human gp c gene 8 was determined from this clone ... | 1991 | 1850919 |
| [rotavirus etiology of hospital cases of acute gastroenteritis]. | the etiology of enteric illnesses occurring during hospitalization in children admitted in january-may, 1985, for respiratory tract illnesses was studied by several methods including electron microscopy (em), enzyme immunoassay (eia), and pag electrophoresis. rotaviruses were detected in 22 (44.9%) t of 49 children with symptoms of intestinal infection, in february in 11 (84.6%) out of 13 patients. the analysis of virus genome rna of 7 isolates positive in em and eia revealed in all the isolates ... | 1990 | 1964515 |
| relative prevalence of typical and atypical strains among rotaviruses from diarrheic pigs in conventional swine herds. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted on genomic rna extracted from rotaviruses detected in diarrheic pigs from conventional swine herds. ninety samples contained sufficient virus for rna band visualization and genome classification. genome profiles were characteristic of typical group a rotaviruses in 67.8% of the 90 samples, of group b rotaviruses in 10.0%, and of group c rotaviruses in 11.1%. in 11.1% of the samples, the presence of more than 11 bands suggested concurrent infection ... | 1990 | 1965637 |
| atypical rotavirus among diarrhoeic children living in belém, brazil. | atypical rotaviruses were detected in faeces from two diarrhoeic children living in belém, pará, brazil. rotavirus particles were detected by electron microscopy and the rna electrophoresis showed patterns which were compatible with group c rotaviruses. tests for the presence of group a antigen by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (elisa) were negative. the two children had three successive rotavirus infections and in both cases the atypical strains were excreted at the time of the third infecti ... | 1989 | 2157132 |
| biochemical characterization of the structural and nonstructural polypeptides of a porcine group c rotavirus. | purified virions or radiolabeled lysates of infected ma104 cells were used to characterize the structural and nonstructural polypeptides of a porcine group c rotavirus. at least six structural proteins were identified from purified group c rotavirus by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. of these, two (37,000- and 33,000-molecular-weight polypeptides) were associated with the outer shell, as demonstrated by the ability of edta to remove them from the purified virion. the o ... | 1990 | 2161936 |
| porcine group c rotavirus as a cause of neonatal diarrhea in a quebec swine herd. | a porcine group c rotavirus was found to be the unique cause of a problem of enzootic neonatal diarrhea in a minimal disease herd composed of 190 sows on a continuous farrowing program. during the outbreaks of diarrhea, 10 to 80% of the litters were affected with a morbidity rate of 100% and case fatality rates of 5 to 10%. clinical signs began 24 to 48 h after birth and were characterized by a profuse yellow diarrhea lasting a few days. piglets from different outbreaks of diarrhea were necropsi ... | 1990 | 2165848 |
| sequence analysis of the gene (6) encoding the major capsid protein (vp6) of group c rotavirus: higher than expected homology to the corresponding protein from group a virus. | two overlapping c-dna clones, which hybridized in northern blots to rna segment 6 of the prototype strain (cowden) of group c rotavirus, were selected from a c-dna library in pbr322 and sequenced. the gene 6 sequence obtained was 1349 nucleotides and contained a single long open reading frame encoding a protein of 394 amino acids (total mw, 44,479) which is in line with the size of the major capsid protein vp6. comparison of the group c sequence with that of the corresponding group a rotavirus g ... | 1990 | 2171196 |
| [atypical rotavirus isolated from acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis in fukuoka]. | an outbreak of epidemic diarrhea (nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis) in fukuoka was studied electron microscopically and electrophoretically. from the result of electron microscopy, rotavirus particles about 70 nm in diameter were observed in fecal samples. however, the serological study did not reveal any antigenic relatedness to the ordinary rotaviruses by rpha. the outbreak appeared to be caused by group c rotaviruses, based on the pattern of the rna genome segments in polyacrylamide gels. | 1990 | 2173729 |
| group c rotavirus infection and infiltration. | we recently found many cases of gastroenteritis involving older children and sometimes other members of their families. we suspected epidemiological infiltration of an atypical rotavirus (rv). page analysis of 130 cases in 1985 and 1986 revealed that the rna profiles were similar to that of group c rv in 12 cases. we performed iem analysis on one of the strains and found it to be group c. the group c rv was detected for 2 months toward the end of the outbreak of group a rv infection. the ages of ... | 1990 | 2178304 |
| [epidemiological study of group c rotavirus]. | by electron microscopy survey of acute gastroenteritis of children in matsuyama, rotaviruses were detected in 561 of 2479 fecal samples obtained between october, 1984 and september, 1988, in which 60 atypical and 259 typical rotaviruses, so far tested, were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of viral rna. out of 60 atypical rotaviruses, 5 were observed in 1985, 7 in 1986, none in 1987 and 48 in 1988. these atypical rotaviruses were morphologically indistinguishable from typica ... | 1990 | 2258643 |
| group c rotavirus associated with fatal enteritis in a family outbreak. | a family outbreak of gastroenteritis involving three adults and three children is described in which diarrhoea and vomiting were the main clinical features. one infant died in whom no pathogens could be detected in either small or large intestinal postmortem samples. stool samples from two symptomatic siblings contained rotaviruses as demonstrated by electron microscopy. both of these faecal samples were negative when assayed in a group a specific rotavirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (eli ... | 1990 | 2341836 |
| identification of a group-reactive epitope of group b rotaviruses recognized by monoclonal antibody and application to the development of a sensitive immunoassay for viral characterization. | group b rotaviruses (gbrs) are fastidious agents which cause enteric disease in humans and a number of other animal species. detailed study of the role of gbrs in human disease has been hampered by the lack of immunoreagents suitable for large-scale studies. we developed a monoclonal antibody which recognizes a group-reactive antigen contained in a number of strains of gbrs. when utilized in conjunction with a hyperimmune guinea pig antiserum to gbr, this monoclonal antibody can be used in an en ... | 1988 | 2460499 |
| detection of group c rotaviruses in tokyo. | four human group c rotaviruses were detected in tokyo in 1987 and 1988 during a survey over 7 years. among the four rotaviruses, two electrophoretic patterns were indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (page) analyses. clinical symptoms, signs, family history, and patients' ages varied. group c rotaviruses were found also in other parts of japan in 1988. it was suspected that group c rotaviruses would continue to spread throughout japan within the near future. | 1989 | 2542437 |
| group c rotavirus infections in patients with diarrhea in thailand, nepal, and england. | atypical rotavirus obtained from fecal specimens of six patients with diarrhea from thailand, nepal, and england were characterized by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immune electron microscopy. the electropherotypes were characteristic of the porcine reference group c rotavirus strain but demonstrated considerable strain-to-strain variation. human convalescent group c sera had a high titer (1:320) when tested against the human isolates and a low titer (1:40) when tested against a p ... | 1989 | 2547880 |
| an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with acute rotaviral infection in schoolchildren. | in april 1988 a large outbreak of group c rotavirus infection associated with acute gastroenteritis occurred among schoolchildren and their teachers simultaneously at seven elementary schools in fukui city, japan. of 3,102, 675 (21.8%) became ill. clinical symptoms were mild, predominantly abdominal pain and vomiting, with diarrhea reported in only 27.6%. the outbreak subsided within 2 d. no pathogenic bacteria were found in fecal specimens; the virus particles detected by electron microscopy we ... | 1989 | 2551975 |
| temporal and geographical distributions of human rotavirus serotypes, 1983 to 1988. | between 1983 and 1988, subgroups and serotypes were determined for 907 of 1,084 clinical specimens of rotaviruses collected in various countries of europe, north and south america, africa, and asia. enhanced enzyme immunoassays based on monoclonal antibodies specific for rotavirus proteins vp6 and vp7 were used. significant differences in the prevalent serotypes were detected from year to year in the united kingdom and brazil and also in different countries during the same year. throughout the s ... | 1989 | 2556435 |
| [epidemiology of rotavirus infection around tokyo area]. | epidemiology of rotavirus infection was studied from 1981 to 1988 mainly in three hospitals around tokyo area. major serotypes of rotaviruses in the three places were different from those in two hospitals around kansai area in japan (ref. 6, 13), while, major serotypes were same among three hospitals. both of serotypes 1 and 4 in group a were mostly found around tokyo area. frequencies of type 2, 3, and 9 in group a were low, although the frequencies were various among periods. detail examinatio ... | 1989 | 2559123 |
| atypical human rotaviruses in the g.d.r. | following the aetiologic agent of diarrhoea in children aged one to three years we found in the stools a large number of rotaviruses by electron microscopy (em), although elisa was negative; the sensitivity of elisa had been confirmed in previous investigations. in 141 children with diarrhoea 10 conventional (group a) and 21 antigenically distinct rotaviruses were detected. the presence of atypical rotaviruses could be confirmed by electrophoretic analysis of their rna migration profiles. the el ... | 1989 | 2574938 |
| analysis of the structural polypeptides of a porcine group c rotavirus. | polyacrylamide gel analysis of the structural polypeptides of purified group c virions allowed six major proteins to be identified. of these, two (52,000- and 39,000-molecular-weight polypeptides) were shown to be in the outer virion shell as judged by the ability to strip them from virions by treatment with edta. treatment of purified particles with endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase f showed that the 39,000-molecular-weight outer shell polypeptide is probably posttranslationally glycosylated. s ... | 1988 | 2835518 |
| serial propagation of porcine group c rotavirus (pararotavirus) in a continuous cell line and characterization of the passaged virus. | the cowden strain of porcine group c rotavirus (pararotavirus) was adapted to serial passage in a continuous monkey kidney cell line (ma104). key factors in its successful adaptation included use of virus passaged in primary porcine kidney cells as the initial inoculum, use of roller tubes, and addition of pancreatin to the maintenance medium. a cell culture immunofluorescence test was used to quantitate the virus at each passage level, since a possible cytopathic effect was obscured by the effe ... | 1988 | 2842368 |
| group c rotaviruses in humans. | atypical rotaviruses obtained from human feces from australia, brazil, and the united kingdom were shown by a combination of techniques--immunoelectron microscopy, immunofluorescence, genome profile analysis, terminal fingerprint analysis of genome segments, and dot-blot hybridization--to be related to group c porcine rotaviruses. the prevalence of antibody to group c rotaviruses was found to be low in human sera and immunoglobulin pools from six countries. no signs of infection were obtained wh ... | 1986 | 3009541 |
| antigenic characterization and elisa detection of adult diarrhea rotaviruses. | recently, severe epidemics of diarrhea among both adults and children in china have been associated with an agent called adult diarrhea rotavirus (adrv). we have studied adrv from two areas of china (jinzhou and guangxi) and compared them with prototype group a, b, and c rotaviruses. the viral genomes were compared by electrophoresis of the rna genome segments in polyacrylamide gels, and the antigenic relatedness of these viruses was examined by immune electron microscopic studies using virus pr ... | 1986 | 3016112 |
| physicochemical characterization of porcine pararotavirus and detection of virus and viral antibodies using cell culture immunofluorescence. | a cell culture immunofluorescence (ccif) assay was optimized for detection of porcine pararotavirus (group c rotavirus) in intestinal contents. the greatest viral infectivity was observed when ma104 cells (5 days after subculturing) were rinsed and refed in serum-free medium before inoculation, pancreatin was added to the inocula, and the inocula were centrifuged onto the cells. gentamicin treatment of pararotavirus samples to reduce bacterial contamination also reduced the viral infectivity of ... | 1987 | 3029161 |
| an assessment of the sensitivity of three methods for the detection of rotavirus. | a comparison was made of the sensitivity of a current commercial elisa for detecting rotavirus in faecal specimens with the more complex, technically demanding systems of electron microscopy and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. even after modification, the elisa failed to detect 22% of specimens with particles identifiable by electron microscopy. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis failed to identify 2 out of 50 specimens with particles present but did distinguish 2 group c rotaviruses. | 1987 | 3038941 |
| serial propagation of porcine group c rotavirus (pararotavirus) in primary porcine kidney cell cultures. | a porcine group c rotavirus was adapted to serial propagation in roller tube cultures of primary porcine kidney cells with high concentrations of pancreatin. infected cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining of cell monolayers. only group c rotavirus particles were observed in culture supernatants by immune electron microscopy. | 1987 | 3038949 |
| isolation of an atypical rotavirus causing diarrhea in neonatal ferrets. | a rotavirus was isolated from neonatal ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with diarrhea at a large commercial farm. this virus is classified as an atypical rotavirus, probably belonging to the group c rotaviruses. this classification is based on the lack of the rotavirus group a common antigen and on its distinct dsrna electropherotype pattern in polyacrylamide gels. the diarrheal disease was reproduced experimentally in neonatal ferrets. | 1987 | 3599884 |
| products of the porcine group c rotavirus nsp3 gene bind specifically to double-stranded rna and inhibit activation of the interferon-induced protein kinase pkr. | the porcine group c rotavirus (cowden strain) nsp3 protein (the group c equivalent of the group a gene 7 product, formerly called ns34) shares homology with known double-stranded rna-binding proteins, such as the interferon-induced, double-stranded rna-dependent protein kinase pkr. a clone of nsp3, expressed both in vitro and in cos-1 cells, led to the synthesis of minor amounts of a product with an m(r) of 45,000 (the expected full-length m(r) of nsp3) and major amounts of products with m(r)s o ... | 1994 | 7514679 |
| rotavirus serotypes and electropherotypes in finland from 1986 to 1990. | four epidemic seasons of rotaviruses were studied in helsinki during 1986-1990. this is the first scandinavian study, where both electropherotypes and serotypes are determined. out of 5316 fecal specimens 769 (14.5%) rotavirus positive samples were detected by electron microscopy. of these, 645 isolates (83.9%) gave a clear rna pattern in gel electrophoresis and they clustered into 87 electropherotypes. an illustrative number of isolates representing each electropherotype (= e-type) was serotype ... | 1995 | 7605200 |
| priming and induction of anti-rotavirus antibody response by synthetic peptides derived from vp7 and vp4. | synthetic peptides derived from bovine rotavirus c-486 (brv) outer capsid (vp7 and vp4) and inner capsid (vp6) proteins were tested to evaluate their ability to prime and induce an anti-rotavirus antibody response. peptides corresponding to the amino acid residues 232-255 of vp4 (vp4-peptide), 275-295 of vp7 (vp7-peptide) and 40-60 of vp6 (vp6-peptide) of brv were chemically synthesized. these peptides were coupled to carrier proteins (either keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh) or recombinant rotav ... | 1995 | 7793126 |
| first detection of group c rotavirus in fecal specimens of children with diarrhea in the united states. | group c rotaviruses cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute diarrhea in children and adults in many countries but have never been identified from patients in the united states. fecal specimens from children with diarrhea who were hospitalized in providence, rhode island, were screened for group c rotaviruses if rotavirus was detected by electron microscopy but the specimens were negative for group a rotavirus by elisa. of 16 specimens examined, 3 were positive for group c rotavirus by elisa ... | 1995 | 7797945 |
| sequence conservation of the major outer capsid glycoprotein of human group c rotaviruses. | several outbreaks of group c rotavirus infection have occurred in the united kingdom, in one instance infection was associated with the death of a 4-month-old infant in the bristol area. the origin of human group c rotavirus is unknown although there has been some speculation that porcine species may be a possible source of human infection. direct reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction sequencing of vp7 genes from two uk outbreaks (bristol and preston) and sequence analysis from a spora ... | 1994 | 7852957 |
| identification of a human group c rotavirus in malaysia. | stool specimens from 334 infants and young children hospitalized with diarrhea in the general hospital, kuala lumpur, malaysia between august and november, 1987 were analyzed for the presence of rotavirus double-stranded (ds) rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. of the 334 specimens analyzed, 32 (9.6%) were positive for rotavirus rna. one specimen (designated g147) exhibited a ds rna electropherotype profile characteristic of group c rotavirus and was selected for further characterization. ... | 1994 | 7931180 |
| [the detection of atypical human rotaviruses and their characteristics]. | the electrophoretic typing of 1,370 rotavirus strains revealed the presence of group c rotaviruses in 1.3% of cases. in the arkhangelsk region group c rotaviruses were detected in 34.4% of cases. the detected group c rotaviruses were shown to be no different in their morphology from typical ones; they were characterized by the variability of their genome and the absence of hybridization with rna of group a rotaviruses. group c rotaviruses were detected in children aged 3-6 years; in this age gro ... | 1994 | 8017112 |
| [detection of group c rotavirus in the day care center]. | group c rotavirus was detected in stools of four patients from february to april, 1993. of these patients, three were infants who were attendants of the day care center of the hospital. although the route of viral infection has not been determined, the virus might have been spread within the center. because the clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis caused by group c rotavirus were vomiting, serious anorexia and subsequent difficulty of oral intake of food, patients often required fluid admi ... | 1994 | 8051437 |
| four nucleotides are the minimal requirement for rna recognition by rotavirus non-structural protein nsp3. | the interaction of the group a rotavirus non-structural protein nsp3 (nsp3a) with rna has been studied in vitro. using semi-purified nsp3a protein expressed by a recombinant baculovirus and in vitro synthesized rna, we determined by uv cross-linking and gel retardation assays that nsp3a binds, in a sequence-specific manner, the consensus sequence (augugacc) present on the 3' ends of all group a rotavirus mrnas. using short oligoribonucleotides, we established that the minimal rna sequence requir ... | 1994 | 8076612 |
| molecular characterization of the outer capsid spike protein (vp4) gene from human group c rotavirus. | a cdna copy of the third genomic rna segment of a noncultivatable human group c rotavirus (bristol) was generated by single primer amplification. human group c rotavirus genome segment 3 contains 2283 bp and encodes the vp4 gene with an open reading frame of 2232 nucleotides (744 amino acids) starting at nucleotide 21 and terminating at nucleotide 2251. pcr primers designed from the 5' and 3' terminal sequences of the c/bristol vp4 gene were used to amplify the corresponding vp4 gene of a human ... | 1994 | 8091676 |
| national laboratory surveillance of viral agents of gastroenteritis in brazil. | in 1984 an enzyme immunoassay for rotavirus and adenovirus developed in the virology department of the oswaldo cruz foundation was distributed to laboratories in 14 brazilian states as part of a project to survey viral agents in fecal specimens from children with diarrhea. the ensuing surveillance continued for 3 to 5 years, and in 1991 the results obtained by all laboratories that tested 300 or more fecal specimens were reviewed at a workshop held in belém. these results showed that rotavirus h ... | 1993 | 8220517 |
| an occurrence of diarrheal cases associated with group c rotavirus in adults. | six of the 23 college students who joined a group trip in february of 1991 developed acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis with severe diarrhea. the causal agent was identified as group c rotaviruses by electron microscopy (em), immune-em (iem) and the molecular examinations including polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on virus particles detected in the extract of watery fecal specimens of the patients. the patients positive for virus isolation showed sign ... | 1993 | 8231964 |
| biosynthesis and morphogenesis of group c rotavirus in swine testicular cells. | polypeptide synthesis and morphogenesis of a group c rotavirus (amc-1) adapted to a continuous swine testicular cell line was examined. sds-page analysis of 35s methionine labeled infected cell lysates revealed 9 viral polypeptides (122, 98, 79, 78, 43, 41, 35, 24, and 20 kd). viral polypeptide synthesis appeared to be maximal at 7-10h post infection. purified group c virus grown in the presence of trypsin was found to contain seven structural polypeptides (122, 98, 79, 53, 43, 41, and 30 kd) by ... | 1993 | 8240012 |
| [rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus and small round virus particles in feces of children with and without acute diarrhea, from 1987 to 1988, in the greater são paulo]. | between 1987 and 1988, 193 faecal specimens from children, with or without diarrhea, were submitted to enzyme immunoassay, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and electronmicroscopy tests for virus detection. the positivity for rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, calicivirus and small round virus particles (srvp) was 11.3%, 3.1%, 2.1%, 1.0% and 4.1%, respectively, for the 97 children with acute diarrhea. of the 96 children without diarrhea, 4.2% were positive for rotavirus, 1.0% for calicivirus an ... | 1993 | 8278758 |
| identification of viruses with bi- and trisegmented double-stranded rna genome in faeces of children with gastroenteritis. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of nucleic acid extracted from faecal samples of diarrhoeic children revealed the presence of group a rotavirus in 50 (23.4%) samples and group c rotavirus in 1 (0.5%) sample out of 214 tested. one other sample showed the presence of three bands (with apparent length of 2.92, 2.37 and 1.32 kbp) which by enzymatic digestion analysis, were shown to consist of double-stranded rna (dsrna). the sample was shown by electron microscopy to contain virus particles with ... | 1993 | 8356343 |
| [an outbreak of gastroenteritis due to group c rotavirus in tokyo]. | in april 1991, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to group c rotavirus occurred at an elementary school in tokyo. fifty-one (13%) of 393 students became ill. the main clinical symptoms were diarrhea (100%), abdominal pain (68%) and vomiting (56%). no enteropathogenic bacteria were found in the fecal specimens. however, the virus particles morphologically indistinguishable from conventional rotavirus were detected in 6 of 11 fecal specimens by electron microscopy. immune electron microscopy ... | 1993 | 8385687 |
| group a rotaviruses produce extrahepatic biliary obstruction in orally inoculated newborn mice. | extrahepatic biliary atresia is a devastating disease occurring in 1 in 10,000 to 14,000 infants annually in the united states. we have recently described preliminary data suggesting an association of group c rotavirus with biliary atresia in two infants. however, a group c rotavirus animal model of biliary atresia is not presently available. on the other hand, some strains of the better-characterized and much more common group a rotaviruses produce hepatobiliary disease in infant mice. this dis ... | 1993 | 8386833 |
| rapid detection of human group c rotaviruses by reverse passive hemagglutination and latex agglutination tests using monoclonal antibodies. | reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha) tests and a latex agglutination test with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were developed for the rapid detection of noncultivatable human group c rotaviruses. for rpha tests, two mabs, mab 5a12 recognizing the outer capsid and mab 13a3 recognizing the inner capsid, were separately used for the coating of sheep erythrocytes (srbcs). forty-six fecal samples were examined to confirm the practicality of the tests. as a result, there was concordance between the rp ... | 1993 | 8388891 |
| nucleotide sequences of genes 6 and 10 of a bovine group c rotavirus. | | 1993 | 8389040 |
| sequence analysis of group b rotavirus gene 1 and definition of a rotavirus-specific sequence motif within the rna polymerase gene. | the complete nucleic acid sequence was determined for the largest genomic segment of the idir strain of group b rotavirus and compared with rna polymerase genes of rotavirus groups a and c as well as other rna viruses. idir gene 1 contained 3509 bases with a single, long open reading frame which encoded a deduced polypeptide of 1159 amino acids (mw = 131.6 kda; pl 8.851). the deduced amino acid sequence of idir gene 1 shared 50% similar sequences and 27.6% identical sequences with vp1 of the rf ... | 1993 | 8390749 |
| characterization of field isolates of porcine group c rotaviruses using gene 5 (vp6) and gene 8 (vp7) cdna probes. | | 1993 | 8396985 |
| molecular characterization of the 11th rna segment from human group c rotavirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment 11 from the noncultivatable, human group c rotavirus (bristol strain) was determined. comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the segment termini with the consensus 5' and 3' terminal noncoding sequences of the human group c rotavirus genome revealed characteristic 5' and 3' sequences. human group c rotavirus genome segment 11 is 613 bp long and encodes a single open reading frame of 450 nucleotides (150 amino acids) starting at nucleotide 39 a ... | 1995 | 8560785 |
| sensitive detection of group a rotaviruses by immunomagnetic separation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | an immunomagnetic separation (ims) method was developed for concentrating rotaviruses from environmental samples, as well as a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the sensitive and specific detection of group a rotaviruses. magnetic beads were coated with monoclonal antibodies directed against the group-specific, inner capsid protein (vp6) and subsequently used to capture and purify the virus with the help of a magnet. the genome was made available for rt by heat-disrupt ... | 1995 | 8609198 |
| sequence conservation and expression of the gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein among human group c rotaviruses of global distribution. | group c rotaviruses have been identified recently from fecal samples of children with diarrhea in the united states. using reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis, we sequenced gene 8s encoding vp7 from two u.s. strains (ri-1 and ri-2), and eight other strains isolated from patients on four continents, and compared these with the sequences of four published strains. the gene 8s of the 14 strains were remarkably conserved in size and in predicted primary and secondary ... | 1996 | 8634028 |
| sequence comparison of the vp7 gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein among animal and human group c rotaviruses. | the nucleotide sequences of the outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7) genes from the shintoku bovine and the hf and wh porcine group c rotaviruses were determined and compared with those of the published corresponding genes from the cowden porcine and ehime human group c rotaviruses. the vp7 genes of all 5 strains were 1063 nucleotides in length and possess one open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 332 amino acids. comparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences indicated that 85.2-97. ... | 1996 | 8645106 |
| detection of group c rotavirus in infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia. | the purpose of this retrospective study was to examine liver tissue from patients with cholestatic disease for the presence of group c rotavirus rna. the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for genes 5 and 6 was used, and the pcr products were subjected to liquid hybridization with a 32p-labeled probe. a second amplification with nested primers was also used. samples from 32 subjects (20 with biliary atresia or choledochal cyst and 12 controls) were tested. ten of 20 biliary at ... | 1996 | 8656017 |
| serological and genomic characterization of porcine rotaviruses in thailand: detection of a g10 porcine rotavirus. | a total of 557 fecal specimens collected from piglets with diarrhea in thailand were examined for rotavirus rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. twenty-three, one, and two samples were positive for group a, group b, and group c rotaviruses, respectively. two samples exhibited two segments found in picobirnavirus rna. rna electropherotyping of 23 group a rotaviruses showed that they were classified into five patterns. by serotyping by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and pcr, viruses in 3 ... | 1996 | 8727874 |
| role of enteric pathogens in the aetiology of neonatal diarrhoea in lambs and goat kids in spain. | faeces samples from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids aged 1-45 days were examined for enteric pathogens. cryptosporidium parvum was detected in both diarrhoeic lambs (45%) and goat kids (42%) but not in non-diarrhoeic animals. f5+ (k99+) and/or f41+ escherichia coli strains were isolated from 26% and 22% of the diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids, respectively, although these strains, which did not produce enterotoxins st i or lt i, were found with similar frequencies in non-diarrhoe ... | 1996 | 8760970 |
| isolation and serial propagation of human group c rotaviruses in a cell line (caco-2). | rotaviruses were detected via electron microscopy in fecal specimens collected from school children during an outbreak of diarrhea and from a sporadic case in 1993 in japan. all of the viruses were found to belong to human group c rotavirus by reverse passive hemagglutination assay (rpha). these viruses replicated well in a human colon carcinoma (caco-2) cell line cultured in the presence of trypsin (4 micrograms/ml). this report demonstrates that human group c rotaviruses can be propagated effi ... | 1996 | 8825710 |
| molecular analysis of outer capsid glycoprotein (vp7) genes from two isolates of human group c rotavirus with different genome electropherotypes. | nucleotide sequences for the vp7 gene of human group c rotavirus were determined for two strains isolated in okayama, japan, during a 1988-1990 epidemic. these isolates, ok118 and ok450, were selected as prototypes of two different electropherotypes, patterns i and ii, respectively. the genes were identical in size (1,063 bp), and both contained singled open reading frames encoding 332 amino acids. the alignment of two sequences revealed 46 nucleotide substitutions, 11 of which were predicted to ... | 1996 | 8940469 |
| the vp3 gene of human group c rotavirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment 4 from the human group c rotavirus (bristol strain) was determined. comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the genome termini with the consensus 5' and 3' terminal non-coding sequences of the human group c rotavirus genome revealed characteristic 5' and 3' sequence motifs. human group c rotavirus genome segment 4 is 2,166bp long and encodes a single open reading frame of 2,082 nucleotides (693 amino acids) starting at nucleotide 55 and termin ... | 1996 | 8972570 |
| epidemiology of group c rotavirus infection in western new york women of childbearing age. | umbilical cord serum samples (380), an average of 10 per month for 3 years (1990 to 1992), were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay for group c rotavirus immunoglobulin g. thirty percent were positive, suggesting that approximately one-third of women of childbearing age in western new york have experienced group c rotavirus infection. | 1997 | 9003623 |
| lack of evidence for rotavirus by polymerase chain reaction/enzyme immunoassay of hepatobiliary samples from children with biliary atresia. | the purpose of this study was to analyze hepatobiliary samples of patients with biliary atresia for rotavirus groups. a, b, and c, because group a rotavirus had been used to produce an animal model of the disease and group c rotavirus had been found in hepatobiliary samples from one group of patients. biliary remnants and liver tissue from 10 biliary atresia and 14 control patients with other liver diseases were examined for rotavirus groups a, b, and c using nonisotopic, reverse transcriptase p ... | 1997 | 9029644 |
| rapid vertical agarose: silver stain detection of rotavirus. | human rotaviruses (hrv) are the most important etiologic agents of acquired diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. therefore, the early diagnosis is essential for effective patient management and infection control. we have developed a rapid, simple technique for the diagnosis of rotavirus based on the sensitive detection of rotavirus double-stranded rna genome segments separated in vertical agarose gels and developed by silver staining (age-ss). this method also has the ability to det ... | 1997 | 9095532 |
| group b and c porcine rotaviruses identified for the first time in south africa. | the incidence of rotavirus at a pig farm in gauteng was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). faecal specimens were collected from 172 litters over a 6-month period. rotavirus was detected in 37.8% of piglets exhibiting signs of scouring. when these page patterns were examined, 84.6% group a, 4.6% group b and 10.8% group c rotaviruses were observed. a few specimens subsequently collected from other farms in the gauteng. north-west and northern provinces also contained group b ... | 1996 | 9120852 |
| seroepidemiology of human group c rotavirus in the uk. | the gene coding for the major inner capsid protein vp6 of human group c rotavirus was cloned into baculovirus using the pbluebac2 vector and expressed in insect cells. when cultured in high five cells, vp6 was expressed at a high level and exported to the cell culture medium. purified vp6 was used to immunise rabbits. hyperimmune rabbit serum, which reacted with native human group c rotavirus in infected cells, was used to develop and optimise an eia for the detection of antibodies to group c ro ... | 1997 | 9131463 |
| deletion mapping of functional domains in the rotavirus capsid protein vp6. | vp6, the major capsid protein of rotavirus, oligomerizes into trimers that constitute the intermediate shell of the virions. in order to map functional domains in this protein, we introduced seven internal in-frame deletions within the coding region of gene 6 of human rotavirus strain wa. regions of homology among the vp6 proteins of group a and group c rotaviruses were targeted for deletion mutagenesis. the mutant vp6 proteins were expressed in mammalian cells using the recombinant vaccinia vir ... | 1997 | 9266993 |
| survey of human group c rotaviruses in japan during the winter of 1992 to 1993. | fecal specimens from patients with acute diarrhea were collected from 10 prefectures in japan over a 6-month period (november 1992 to april 1993), and the specimens that were negative for human group a rotaviruses were screened for the presence of human group c rotaviruses (chrvs) by the reverse passive hemagglutination test. of 784 specimens examined, 53 samples (6.8%) that were collected in 7 of 10 prefectures were positive for chrv, indicating that chrvs are widely distributed across japan. m ... | 1998 | 9431910 |
| assembly of viroplasm and virus-like particles of rotavirus by a semliki forest virus replicon. | in this study we have used an expression system based on semliki forest virus (sfv) to study assembly and intracellular localization of certain capsid proteins of rotavirus in neurons and mammalian epithelial cells. the complete genes of vp2 (vp2a) and vp6 (vp6a) of group a rotavirus (sa-11) and gene 5 encoding vp6 (vp6c) of porcine group c rotavirus (strain cowden/amc-1) were inserted into an sfv expression replicon. transfection of bhk-21 cells with in vitro-made sfv transcripts resulted in a ... | 1998 | 9514960 |
| a mass outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with group c rotaviral infection in schoolchildren. | in 1988, a mass outbreak of epidemic diarrhea, i.e., consisting of 296 cases, occurred in fukuoka prefecture. fecal samples from patients of the outbreak were cultured for bacteria, but all samples were negative. although direct electron microscopy (dem) revealed the existence of rotavirus-like particles (diam. 60-70 nm) in the fecal samples, serological studies could not detect any antigenic relation to the ordinary rotaviruses by the reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha) and enzyme-linked im ... | 1998 | 9597309 |
| serological and genomic characterization of human rotaviruses detected in china. | a total of 1,385 stool specimens were collected from children with diarrhea at two hospitals in wuhan, hubei province, china, in 1994 and 1995, and screened for rotavirus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of viral rna. group a rotavirus was detected with high frequency; 56.5% (87/154) and 40.8% (502/1,231) of the specimens collected in 1994 and 1995, respectively, were positive for rotavirus. assignment of g serotype and p type (vp4 genotype) of group a rotavirus by elisa with monoclonal ant ... | 1998 | 9598939 |
| conserved structural features of nonstructural glycoprotein nsp4 between group a and group c rotaviruses. | the nonstructural glycoprotein nsp4 of group c human rotavirus strain ehime 9301 was determined to be 150 amino acids in length and 96% identical with the nsp4 of another group c human rotavirus strain bristol. both nsp4 sequences were virtually unrelated to group a rotavirus nsp4s. however, the structural features of group a and group c rotavirus nsp4s were similar with hydrophobic domains being in the amino terminus and a coiled coil domain after the membrane-spanning domain, although group c ... | 1997 | 9672644 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on recombinant human group c rotavirus inner capsid protein (vp6) to detect human group c rotaviruses in fecal samples. | a recent study showed that 43% of a population in the united kingdom were seropositive for group c rotavirus. the higher than expected incidence may be due to limited diagnosis of acute human group c rotavirus infections because no routine test is available. human group c rotavirus infections are routinely diagnosed by electron microscopy (em) and a negative group a rotavirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) result. an antigen-detection elisa was developed with hyperimmune antibodies ra ... | 1998 | 9774561 |
| an outbreak of group c rotavirus gastroenteritis among adults living in valentim gentil, são paulo state, brazil. | an outbreak of gastroenteritis affecting adults and children occurred in the small city of valentim gentil, são paulo, brazil, in 1993. nineteen faecal samples (from 10 cases and 9 contracts) were examined by direct electron microscopy (dem), immune electron microscopy (iem), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for group a and c rotaviruses. dem detected rotavirus in 6 of the 10 cases and in none of the contacts. all of the samples were negati ... | 1998 | 9805410 |
| infection with group c rotavirus in a suburban community in brazil. | group c rotaviruses are associated with sporadic outbreaks of gastroenteritis worldwide. age-specific seroprevalence of group c rotavirus antibodies was investigated in sera, randomly collected and representative of a suburban community in brazil which had previously been screened for group a rotavirus antibodies. antibody prevalence to group c rotavirus was low in children under 5 years and increased slowly with age to 36% seropositivity in adults, reflecting continuous exposure to primary infe ... | 1998 | 9855402 |
| human group c rotavirus in children with diarrhea in the federal district, brazil. | group c rotaviruses are fastidious in their in vitro cell culture requirements. recent serosurveys indicate that antibody to group c rotavirus is present in 3-45% of the human population in certain geographic locations, suggesting that rotavirus group c infection is more prevalent than previously believed and that the low rate of detection of these agents is probably due to the lack of sensitive diagnostic assays. from march to december 1994, 406 fecal specimens were collected from children unde ... | 1998 | 9921274 |
| viral diarrhea in children in beijing, china. | a study was undertaken from november 1994 to august 1996 to determine the role of viruses in children (< or =5 years of age) hospitalized at beijing children hospital, beijing china, for acute diarrhea. stool samples from diarrheal patients were investigated by elisa, electron microscopy, and rt-pcr for the presence of rotavirus, calicivirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus. group a rotavirus was detected in 55.9% of all diarrheal patients and comprised 82.5% of all viruses detected. group a rotaviru ... | 1999 | 10089052 |
| characterization of group c rotaviruses associated with diarrhea outbreaks in feeder pigs. | feces and serum specimens were collected from three farms in michigan on which approximately 50-lb (8- to 9-week-old) pigs experienced diarrhea just after placement into all-in-all-out finishing barns. the clinical signs (profuse watery diarrhea lasting about 2 weeks and no vomiting) were similar on all farms, and the morbidity rate was high (ranging from 60 to 80%) but without mortality. eleven diarrheic fecal samples from the farms were tested for group a and c rotaviruses by immune electron m ... | 1999 | 10203510 |
| identification of the rna-binding, dimerization, and eif4gi-binding domains of rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp3. | the rotavirus nonstructural protein nsp3 is a sequence-specific rna binding protein that binds the nonpolyadenylated 3' end of the rotavirus mrnas. nsp3 also interacts with the translation initiation factor eif4gi and competes with the poly(a) binding protein. deletion mutations and point mutations of nsp3 from group a rotavirus (nsp3a), expressed in escherichia coli, indicate that the rna binding domain lies between amino acids 4 and 149. similar results were obtained with nsp3 from group c rot ... | 1999 | 10364288 |
| comparisons of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of nsp4 genes of virulent and attenuated pairs of group a and c rotaviruses. | the nsp4 protein of rotavirus is a nonstructural glycoprotein and has a crucial function in virus morphogenesis during infection of host cells. it was recently reported that nsp4 may also function as a viral enterotoxin in the induction of rotavirus diarrhea by causing ca++ influx in the cytoplasm of the infected cells. we sequenced and analyzed two (wa and m strains) pairs of nsp4 genes of virulent (v) and attenuated (a) (after 30 to 40 passages in cell culture) human group a rotaviruses and a ... | 1999 | 10456791 |