| ultrastructure of lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) as compared to frog virus 3 (fv3) and chilo iridescent virus (civ): effects of enzymatic digestions and detergent degradations. | ultrastructure of fish lymphocystis disease virus (ldv), the largest of all known icosahedral viruses, has been studied under electron microscopy using enzymatic digestions and detergent degradations. ldv structure appeared roughly the same as those of frog virus 3 (fv3) and chilo iridescent virus (civ), two other well known viruses of the family iridoviridae, although the great flexibility of its capsid as observed on negatively stained and shadow cast particles, and its three electron dense la ... | 1992 | 1642551 |
| the primary structure of the thymidine kinase gene of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | the dna nucleotide sequence of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) which has been localized between the coordinates 0.678 to 0.688 of the viral genome was determined. the analysis of the dna nucleotide sequence located between the recognition sites of hindiii (0.669 map unit; nucleotide position 1) and acci (nucleotide position 2032) revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 954 bp on the lower strand of this region between nucleotide positions 1868 ( ... | 1991 | 2024501 |
| lymphocystis disease virus. | | 1985 | 3893907 |
| the chemical composition of lymphocystis disease virus of fish. | after concentration with peg-6000 and purification on a metrizamide gradient, the lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) can be shown as a particle with a chemical composition of 1,6% dna, 42,3% protein and 17,1% lipid, most of them being phospholipids. sugars might constitute a major portion of the 39% unidentified components. | 1983 | 6685895 |
| purification of lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) grown in tissue culture. evidences for the presence of two types of viral particles. | lymphocystis disease virus was highly purified from host cells by precipitation with peg-6000 and isopycnic centrifugation in a metrizamide gradient. metrizamide gradient centrifugation produce two distinct bands at equilibrium. as calculated from reconstruction experiments, only 4 and 0.3% respectively of the host dna and the host proteins were recovered at the position of the bands. the final recovery of infectivity was about 41%. electron microscopy of the bands showed two types of particles: ... | 1981 | 7335929 |
| comparative studies of iridoviruses: further support for a new classification. | changes in the classification of invertebrate iridoviruses (ivs) (iridoviridae) have recently been proposed (williams and cory, 1994). the previous system of naming isolates according to the host and sequence of discovery (iv type 1, iv2, iv3, etc.) is not adequate for the purposes of taxonomy, since iridovirus isolates may infect many species, including hosts from diverse invertebrate orders. the new system of invertebrate iridovirus nomenclature, as with several other virus families, is based ... | 1994 | 7975884 |
| identification of the gene encoding the major capsid protein of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | the gene encoding the major capsid protein (mcp) of fish lymphocystis disease virus (flounder isolate; flcdv-f) has been identified by pcr using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to different regions of the mcp of tipula iridescent virus (tiv), iridescent virus 22 (iv22) and chilo iridescent virus (civ). dna fragments of 0.4 kbp, 0.5 kbp and 0.27 kbp in size were amplified using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to amino acids (aa) 146 to 153 (primer 1) and 274 to 268 (primer 6), or aa 1 ... | 1993 | 8409939 |
| evolution of viral dna-dependent rna polymerases. | the dna-dependent rna polymerase (ddrp or rnap) is an essential enzyme of transcription of replicating systems of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms as well as cytoplasmic dna viruses. ddrps are complex multisubunit enzymes consisting of 8-14 subunits, including two large subunits and several smaller polypeptides (small subunits). an extensive search between the amino acid sequences of the known largest subunit of dna-dependent rna polymerases (rpo1) of different organisms indicates that all t ... | 1995 | 8828152 |
| identification of the gene encoding the dna (cytosine-5) methyltransferase of lymphocystis disease virus. | the gene encoding the dna (cytosine-5) methyltransferase (m5c-mtase) of lymphocystis disease virus (flounder isolate, lcdv-1) has been identified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using oligonucleotide primers synthesized corresponding to different regions of the m5c-mtase gene of frog virus 3 (fv3). a dna fragment of 487 bp was amplified using oligonucleotide primers l3 and r4 which correspond to the nucleotide positions 87 to 109 and 530 to 550 of the m5c-mtase gene of fv3, respectively. the ... | 1996 | 8883359 |
| molecular characterization, sequence analysis, and taxonomic position of newly isolated fish iridoviruses. | within the past decade, iridoviruses have been identified as the causative agents of systemic disease in a variety of commercially and recreationally important fish. here we examine nine iridoviruses from fish, reptiles, and amphibians and demonstrate that all isolates were more similar to frog virus 3, the type species of the genus ranavirus, than to lymphocystis disease virus, the type species of the genus lymphocystivirus. comparison of viral protein synthesis profiles, restriction endonuclea ... | 1997 | 9123863 |
| molecular anatomy of lymphocystis disease virus. | lymphocystis disease (ld) has been reported to occur in over one hundred different species of fish worldwide. the disease is caused by lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv), a member of the iridovirus family. numerous fish species that play an important role in fishery and fish farming are highly susceptible to lcdv infection. the infected animals develop disseminated clusters of aberrant hypertrophied cells within their connective tissue, the so-called lymphocystis cells. in the cytoplasm of these ... | 1997 | 9413525 |
| evolution of viral dna-dependent dna polymerases. | dna viruses as their host cells require a dna-dependent dna polymerase (pol) to faithfully replicate their genomic information. large eukaryotic dna viruses as well as bacterial viruses encode a specific pol equipped with a proofreading 3'-5'-exonuclease, and other replication proteins. all known viral pol belong to family a and family b pol. common to all viral pol is the conservation of the 3'-5'-exonuclease domain manifested by the three sequence motifs exo i, exo ii, and exo iii. the polymer ... | 1998 | 9562890 |
| is the major capsid protein of iridoviruses a suitable target for the study of viral evolution? | iridoviruses are large cytoplasmic dna viruses that are specific for different insect or vertebrate hosts. the major structural component of the non-enveloped icosahedral virus particles is the major capsid protein (mcp) which appears to be highly conserved among members of the family iridoviridae, phycodnaviridae, and african swine fever virus. the amino acid sequences of the known mcps were used in comparative analyses to elucidate the phylogenic relationships between different cytoplasmic dna ... | 1998 | 9562891 |
| identification of a gene cluster within the genome of chilo iridescent virus encoding enzymes involved in viral dna replication and processing. | the nucleotide sequence of the genome of chilo iridescent virus (civ) between the genome coordinates 0.974 and 0.101 comprising 27,079 bp was determined. computer-assisted analysis of the dna sequence of this particular region of the civ genome revealed the presence of 42 potential open reading frames (orfs) with coding capacities for polypeptides ranging from 50 to 1,273 amino acid residues. the analysis of the amino acid sequences deduced from the individual orfs resulted in the identification ... | 1999 | 10456793 |
| sequence analysis of the complete genome of an iridovirus isolated from the tiger frog. | we have isolated a tiger frog virus (tfv) from diseased tiger frogs, rana tigrina rugulosa. the genome was a linear double-stranded dna of 105,057 basepairs in length with a base composition of 55.01% g+c. about 105 open reading frames were identified with coding capacities for polypeptides ranging from 40 to 1294 amino acids. computer-assisted analyses of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that 39 of 105 putative gene products showed significant homology to functionally characterized pro ... | 2002 | 11878922 |
| genomic sequence of a ranavirus (family iridoviridae) associated with salamander mortalities in north america. | disease is among the suspected causes of amphibian population declines, and an iridovirus and a chytrid fungus are the primary pathogens associated with amphibian mortalities. ambystoma tigrinum virus (atv) and a closely related strain, regina ranavirus (rrv), are implicated in salamander die-offs in arizona and canada, respectively. we report the complete sequence of the atv genome and partial sequence of the rrv genome. sequence analysis of the atv/rrv genomes showed marked similarity to other ... | 2003 | 14599794 |
| investigations on the orf 167l of lymphocystis disease virus (iridoviridae). | the predicted open reading frame 167l (orf 167l) of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv, iridoviridae ) isolated from plaice, dab and flounder was investigated. the orf 167l corresponding genes of the three lcdv isolates were amplified, cloned and sequenced. a comparison of the lcdv strains showed that the nucleotide sequence of orf 167l and its deduced amino acid sequence were highly conserved in the genus lymphocystivirus (a homology of 80% in dab and flounder/plaice, 97% in plaice and flounder). ... | 2004 | 14739649 |
| complete genome sequence of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from china. | lymphocystis diseases in fish throughout the world have been extensively described. here we report the complete genome sequence of lymphocystis disease virus isolated in china (lcdv-c), an lcdv isolated from cultured flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) with lymphocystis disease in china. the lcdv-c genome is 186,250 bp, with a base composition of 27.25% g+c. computer-assisted analysis revealed 240 potential open reading frames (orfs) and 176 nonoverlapping putative viral genes, which encode polype ... | 2004 | 15194775 |
| protein and glycoprotein content of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). | the polypeptide and glycoprotein composition of eight strains of the fish-pathogenic lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) isolated from gilt-head seabream (sparus aurata), blackspot seabream (pagellus bogaraveo), and sole (solea senegalensis) were determined. the protein electrophoretic patterns of all lcdv isolates were quite similar regardless of the host fish, showing two major proteins (79.9 and 55.6 kda) and a variable number of minor proteins. three groups of lcdv isolates were distinguished ... | 2004 | 15248160 |
| isolation of lymphocystis disease virus from sole, solea senegalensis kaup, and blackspot sea bream, pagellus bogaraveo (brunnich). | two viruses were isolated from cultured sole, solea senegalensis, and wild blackspot sea bream, pagellus bogaraveo, and preliminarily characterized as lymphocystis disease viruses (lcdvs). viral isolates were characterized by morphological, biochemical and biophysical properties. in addition, the susceptibility of four fish cell lines was also tested. lcdv isolates developed cytopathic effects on the saf-1 cell line at 5 and 6 days post-infection and reached titres of 10(6) tcid50 ml(-1). the an ... | 2005 | 15813864 |
| identification of a bohle iridovirus thymidine kinase gene and demonstration of activity using vaccinia virus. | in recent years interest in the family iridoviridae has been renewed by the identification of a number of viruses, particularly from the genus ranavirus, associated with disease in a range of poikilotherms. ranaviruses have been isolated from amphibian, piscine and reptilian species. here we describe an open reading frame (orf) identified in the genome of bohle iridovirus (biv) which contains a nucleotide binding motif conserved within the thymidine kinase (tk) genes of iridoviruses from other g ... | 2005 | 15883656 |
| detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) in asymptomatic cultured gilt-head seabream (sparus aurata, l.) using an immunoblot technique. | an immunoblot technique for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) in naturally infected gilt-head seabream (sparus aurata, l.) has been developed. a specific antiserum against a 60 kda viral protein has been proven to be an appropriate tool for lcdv diagnosis either from inoculated cell cultures or from fish tissues using the immunoblot assay. the sensitivity of this technique varied between 10(-1) and 10(2) tcid50. lcdv has also been detected in fish tissues from both, diseased and ... | 2006 | 16298500 |
| a broadly applicable method to characterize large dna viruses and adenoviruses based on the dna polymerase gene. | many viral pathogens are poorly characterized, are difficult to culture or reagents are lacking for confirmatory diagnoses. we have developed and tested a robust assay for detecting and characterizing large dna viruses and adenoviruses. the assay is based on the use of degenerate pcr to target a gene common to these viruses, the dna polymerase, and sequencing the products. | 2006 | 16608526 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibody to the lymphocystis disease virus of japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus isolated from china. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) can infect, both naturally and experimentally, about 100 different teleost fish species. in this study, lcdv was purified using differential and gradient centrifugation from skin tumours of japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. a panel of five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against lcdv were produced by immunization of balb/c mice with purified virus preparations. analysed by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect immunofluorescence a ... | 2006 | 16730805 |
| development of molecular techniques for detection of lymphocystis disease virus in different marine fish species. | the development and evaluation of a protocol based on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nucleic acid hybridization techniques for the specific detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) in several marine fish species. | 2007 | 17184317 |
| differentiation of lymphocystis disease virus genotype by multiplex pcr. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease. the viruses have been divided into three genotypes (genotype i for lcdv-1, ii for japanese flounder isolates, and iii for rockfish isolates) on the basis of major capsid protein (mcp) gene sequences. in this study, we developed a multiplex pcr primer set in order to distinguish these genotypes. we also analyzed the mcp gene of a new lcdv isolate from the sea bass (sb98yosu). comparison of sequence identities betwee ... | 2006 | 16728963 |
| sequence variation in the genes encoding the major capsid protein, the atpase, and the rna polymerase 2 (domain 6) of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from schlegel's black rockfish, sebastes schlegelii hilgendorf. | | 2007 | 17640253 |
| [inverse pcr amplification of the complete major capsid protein gene of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from rachycentron canadum and the phylogenetic analysis of the virus]. | the major capsid protein of lymphocystis disease virus isolated from rachycentron canadum (lcdv-rc) was amplified and analysed. the 457bp dna core fragment was amplified with the degenerate primers designed according to the conserved sequences of mcp gene of iridoviruses, then the flaking sequences adjacent to the core region were amplified by inverse pcr, and the complete sequence was obtained by combining all of them. the open reading frame of the gene is 1380bp in length, encoding a putative ... | 2007 | 17969861 |
| a new genotype of lymphocystivirus, lcdv-rf, from lymphocystis diseased rockfish. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease. in this study, nucleotide sequences of the major capsid protein (mcp) gene were analyzed among lcdv isolates from japanese flounder and rockfish. a phylogenetic tree revealed three clusters for lymphocystiviruses. the first cluster included japanese flounder isolates; the second cluster consisted of rockfish isolates; and the remaining one consisted of lcdv-1. nucleotide sequence identities were > or =99.6% among j ... | 2006 | 16328139 |
| induction of apoptosis in a flounder gill cell line by lymphocystis disease virus infection. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv), a large icosahedral dna virus classified to the iridovirus family, is the causative agent of lymphocystis, a disease which occurs in marine and freshwater fish species and is characterized by formation of papilloma-like lesions on the surface of the skin. in vitro, lcdv infection causes flounder gill cells, an adherent cell line, to exhibit an obvious cytopathic effect (cpe). in order to test whether apoptosis is responsible for the observed cpe, cells infected ... | 2004 | 15509260 |
| analysis of the first complete dna sequence of an invertebrate iridovirus: coding strategy of the genome of chilo iridescent virus. | chilo iridescent virus (civ), the type species of the genus iridovirus, a member of the iridoviridae family, is highly pathogenic for a variety of insect larvae. the virions contain a single linear ds dna molecule that is circularly permuted and terminally redundant. the coding capacity and strategy of the civ genome was elucidated by the analysis of the complete dna nucleotide sequence of the viral genome (212,482 bp) using cycle sequencing by primer walking technology. both dna strands were se ... | 2001 | 11448171 |
| virus susceptibility of the fish cell line saf-1 derived from gilt-head seabream. | the recently reported saf-1 cell line from fins of gilt-head seabream was evaluated for susceptibility to lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) and to several salmonid fish viruses, such as infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) and several strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv). ldv, vhsv and ihnv replicated well in the cultured fin cells as demonstrated by cell lysis and increases in viral titer. the potential use of this cell lin ... | 1999 | 10092979 |
| distribution of marine birnavirus in cultured olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus in korea. | surveys of marine birnavirus (mabv) were undertaken in cultured olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus from the south and west coastal areas and jeju in korea during the period january 1999 to april 2007. mabv was detected in all seasons from the fry, juveniles and adult fish from the areas examined. evident cytopathic effects of the virus including rounding and cell lysis were observed in chinook salmon embryo (chse-214) and rainbow trout gonad (rtg-2) cells, but not in fathead minnow (fhm) and ... | 2008 | 18604495 |
| the dna sequence of chilo iridescent virus between the genome coordinates 0.101 and 0.391; similarities in coding strategy between insect and vertebrate iridoviruses. | chilo iridescent virus (civ), the type species of the genus iridovirus within the family iridoviridae, is highly pathogenic for larvae of important pest insects. the virions contain a single linear double-stranded dna molecule (209 kbp) that is circularly permuted and terminally redundant. the nucleotide sequence of the viral genome between the genome coordinates 0.101 and 0.391 (60,170 bp) was determined by automated cycle sequencing. this particular region of the civ genome contains 112 open r ... | 1997 | 9482589 |
| application of in situ detection techniques to determine the systemic condition of lymphocystis disease virus infection in cultured gilt-head seabream, sparus aurata l. | immunohistochemistry (ihc) and in situ hybridization (ish) techniques have been used for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from gilt-head seabream, sparus aurata l. diseased and recovered fish from the same population were analysed. ihc was performed with a polyclonal antibody against a 60-kda viral protein. a specific digoxigenin-labelled probe, obtained by pcr amplification of a 270-bp fragment of the gene coding the lcdv major caps ... | 2009 | 18803582 |
| lymphocystis disease virus persists in the epidermal tissues of olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus (temminch & schlegel), at low temperatures. | olive flounder artificially infected with lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) were reared at 10, 20 and 30 degrees c for 60 days, to compare lcd-incidence. in the fish reared at 20 degrees c, lymphocystis cells appeared on the skin and fins at 35 days post-challenge, and the cumulative lcd-incidence was 80% at 60 days. high levels of lcdv, with a mean polymerase chain reaction (pcr) titre of 10(6) pcr-u mg(-1) tissue, were detected in the fins and skin of lcd-affected fish at 20 degrees c, but wer ... | 2009 | 19515073 |
| the complete dna sequence of lymphocystis disease virus. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease, which has been reported to occur in over 100 different fish species worldwide. lcdv is a member of the family iridoviridae and the type species of the genus lymphocystivirus. the virions contain a single linear double-stranded dna molecule, which is circularly permuted, terminally redundant, and heavily methylated at cytosines in cpg sequences. the complete nucleotide sequence of lcdv-1 (flounder isolate) was deter ... | 1997 | 9143276 |
| establishment, characterization of a new cell line from heart of half smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis). | a new cell line was established from the heart of a cultured marine fish, half smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis), designated as csh (cynoglossus semilaevis heart cell line). the csh cells grow over 400 days in minimum essential medium (mem) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (fbs) and 2 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf). the suitable temperature for the cell growth was 24-30°c with the optimum growth at 24°c and a reduced growth at 12 and 30°c. fbs and bfgf concentratio ... | 2010 | 20376698 |
| a novel heart-cell line from brown-marbled grouper epinephelus fuscoguttatus and its susceptibility to iridovirus. | a novel cell line (bmgh) was established from the heart of brown-marbled grouper epinephelus fuscoguttatus and its viral susceptibility was evaluated. the bmgh cells have been subcultured to passage 65 in dulbecco's modified eagle medium:ham's nutrient mixture f-12 (1:1) medium (dmem/f12) which was further supplemented with foetal bovine serum (fbs), carboxymethyl-chitosan, basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) and insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) at 24 degrees c. the heart cells have a fibr ... | 2010 | 20409167 |
| development and characterization of a new marine fish cell line from turbot (scophthalmus maximus). | a new marine fish cell line, tk, derived from turbot (scophthalmus maximus) kidney, was established by the method of trypsin digestion and subcultured for more than 50 passages over a period of 300 days. the tk cells were maintained in minimum essential medium eagle (mem) supplemented with hepes, antibiotics, fetal bovine serum (fbs), 2-mercaptoethanol (2-me), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf). the suitable growth temperature for tk cells was 24°c, and microscopically, tk cells were comp ... | 2010 | 20496112 |
| molecular biology of fish viruses: a review. | the goal of this review is to present some of the recent molecular aspects in the fish virus studies. although more than 50 different fish virus have been isolated and tissue-culture adapted, very few of them have been molecularly cloned and sequenced. five virus families have been mostly studied: birnaviridae, the prototype being the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv), and the channel catfish virus (ccv) belonging to the herpesviridae family. in the iridoviridae family, the fish lympho ... | 1995 | 8581005 |
| identification and properties of the largest subunit of the dna-dependent rna polymerase of fish lymphocystis disease virus: dramatic difference in the domain organization in the family iridoviridae. | cytoplasmic dna viruses encode a dna-dependent rna polymerase (ddrp) that is essential for transcription of viral genes. the amino acid sequences of the known largest subunits of ddrps from different species contain highly conserved regions. oligonucleotide primers, deduced from two conserved domains (rqp[t/s]lh and nadfdgde) were used for detecting the corresponding gene of fish lymphocystis disease virus (flcdv), a member of the family iridoviridae, which replicates in the cytoplasm of infecte ... | 1995 | 7730795 |
| immune enhancement of chemotherapeutants on lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) infected paralichthys olivaceus. | in olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus infected with lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) bath treatment with formalin, hydrogen peroxide or jenoclean at 50, 100, and 200 ppm daily 10 min for 60 days enhanced the innate immune response and disease resistance. jenoclean enhanced the immune parameters at the lowest concentration of 50 ppm; on the other hand, hydrogen peroxide bath treatment enhanced the immunity level at 100 ppm, while formalin was effective only at 200 ppm. a low cumulative mortal ... | 2010 | 20688171 |
| analysis of the genome of fish lymphocystis disease virus isolated directly from epidermal tumours of pleuronectes. | virions of fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv), a member of the iridovirus family, were isolated directly from lymphocystis disease lesions of individual flatfishes and purified by sucrose and subsequent cesium chloride gradient centrifugation to homogeneity as judged by electron microscopy. the isolated fldv dnas appear to be heterogeneous in size. contour length measurements of 43 dna molecules gave an average length of 49 +/- 23 microns, corresponding to 93 +/- 44 x 10(6) d. molecular weig ... | 1983 | 6857994 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 dna. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for rapid, specific and sensitive detection of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) dna. a set of four primers was designed, based on the sequence of the atpase subunit of the oshv-1 dna-packaging terminase gene. the reaction temperature and time were optimized to 64°c and 60min, respectively. lamp products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis or by visual inspection of a color change due to addition of fluorescent dye. the de ... | 2010 | 20813133 |
| viral proteins and adenosine triphosphate phosphohydrolase activity of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | | 1982 | 6215763 |
| morphology and ultrastructure of lymphocystis disease virus, a fish iridovirus, grown in tissue culture. | the morphology and the ultrastructure of the lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) strain leetown , a fish iridovirus , was studied by electron microscopy. the virus was grown on bluegill fry (bf-2) cells at 21 degrees. ldv showed an icosahedral shape by ultrathin sections and negative staining, with a diameter of about 200 nm. the shell of the virion seemed to be composed of two unitary membranes with a total diameter of 16 nm. the outer membrane demonstrated swelling in negative staining, exhibitin ... | 1984 | 6203213 |
| in vitro morphology and maturation of lymphocystis virus. | the temporal sequence of development of lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) was studied by electron microscopy of thin sections of infected tissue-culture monolayers. neither the typical cytoplasmic inclusion nor virus was detected at 4 days postinfection (pi). inclusions, but no viruses, were detected at 8 days pi. inclusions and associated virions were detected at 15 days pi, and by 28 days pi the undisrupted cells were filled with the typical virions. no release mechanism was detected, and sever ... | 1968 | 5701821 |
| methylation pattern of fish lymphocystis disease virus dna. | the content and distribution of 5-methylcytosine in dna from fish lymphocystis disease virus was analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography, nearest-neighbor analysis, and with restriction endonucleases. we found that 22% of all c residues were methylated, including methylation of the following dinucleotide sequences: cpg to 75%, cpc to ca. 1%, and cpa to 2 to 5%. comparison of relative digestion of viral dna with mspi and hpaii indicated that ccgg sequences were almost completely methylate ... | 1985 | 3973962 |
| identification of the glycoproteins of lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) of fish. | analysis of highly purified fish lymphocystis disease virus (ldv), strain leetown nfh, by three different methods, namely periodic acid schiff reaction, radiolabelling with tritiated fucose and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine and staining with three lectins, indicated that ten glycoproteins were associated with the virus structure. six of them were detected by all of the three methods, three by both radiolabelling and lectin staining but only one by the lectin technique. localization of these glycoprotei ... | 1986 | 3947242 |
| analysis of the genetic diversity of the lymphocystis virus and its evolutionary relationship with its hosts. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease. in this study, the mcp gene of lcdv and the cyt b gene of the host fish were selected as molecular markers, and the phylogenetic relationships between lcdv and its host were analyzed. the 25 lcdv isolates examined in this study were attributed to seven lcdv genotypes: genotype i (lcdv-1), genotype ii (lcdv-cn, etc.), genotype iii (lcdv-rf), genotype iv (lcdv-rc and lcdv-sb), genotype v (lcdv-cb), genotype vi (lcdv- ... | 2011 | 21805162 |
| molecular cloning and a stable amplification of the dna molecules heavily methylated at cpg sequences using a new e. coli cell system (gc3). | fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) dna is heavily methylated in cpg sequences and therefore the amplification of recombinant dna of fldv inserted into a bacterial plasmid vector and/or a bacteriophage system poses severe problems. the problem was solved using a newly constructed and developed bacterial system (e. coli gc-3 system), which allowed the amplification of foreign dna material heavily methylated at cpg sequences. e. coli gc-3 (gc-1, rifd) is derived from e. coli gc-1 (k 12, hsd-, m ... | 1985 | 3891463 |
| infiltration and activation of acidophilic granulocytes in skin lesions of gilthead seabream, sparus aurata, naturally infected with lymphocystis disease virus. | light, ultrastructural and immunocytochemical investigations were carried out on the skin of gilthead seabream, sparus aurata l., naturally infected with lymphocystis iridovirus, to assess pathology and host cellular responses. of 220,000 young seabream examined, 32,400 (14.7%) had clinical signs of lymphocystis and within 6months of disease appearance, 45% of clinically affected fish had died. a subsample of 20 s. aurata (80.0±12.5mm total length, mean±s.d.), including 10 with lymphocystis on t ... | 2011 | 21762724 |
| analysis of the structure of fish lymphocystis disease virions from skin tumours of pleuronectes. | virions of fish lymphocystis disease (fldv) from tumour-carrying-fishes (flounder, dab, plaice and gurnard) collected in the north sea were isolated directly from the tumours and purified by sucrose and subsequent caesium chloride gradient centrifugation. they were studied by electron microscopy using embedding methods, negative staining and using metal shadowing methods. tumours of dermal connective fish tissue showed particles with hexagonal outlines. occasionally, an "empty structure" was obs ... | 1986 | 3753198 |
| synergistic effects in the antiviral activity of the three mx proteins from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata). | due to their direct antiviral activity, mx proteins play a main role in the response mediated by type i interferon against viral infections. the study on gilthead seabream mx proteins is especially interesting, since this species is unusually resistant to viral diseases, being asymptomatic carrier of several viruses pathogenic to other fish species. gilthead seabream has three mx proteins (mx1, mx2 and mx3) that, separately, display antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses, showing int ... | 2015 | 26319936 |
| mx1, mx2 and mx3 proteins from the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) show in vitro antiviral activity against rna and dna viruses. | mx proteins are important components of the antiviral innate immune response mediated by type i interferon. classically, these proteins have been considered to be triggered by viral rna, thus showing activity against rna viruses. actually, three mx proteins (saumx1, saumx2 and saumx3) from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) have previously shown antiviral activity against a dsrna virus: the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) in vitro. for further characterizing their antiviral spectrum, ... | 2013 | 23911421 |
| dna vaccines against viral diseases of farmed fish. | immunization by an antigen-encoding dna was approved for commercial sale in canada against a novirhabdovirus infection in fish. dna vaccines have been particularly successful against the novirhabdoviruses while there are reports on the efficacy against viral pathogens like infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, infectious salmon anemia virus, and lymphocystis disease virus and these are inferior to what has been attained for the novirhabdoviruses. most recently, dna vaccination of penaeus monodon ... | 2013 | 24184267 |
| characterization of the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) immune response under a natural lymphocystis disease virus outbreak. | lymphocystis or lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is distributed worldwide and affects many fresh and marine water fish species. lcdv is commonly found in aquaria fish species but also in farmed fish species, among them the gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.). the immune status of gilthead seabream (s. aurata) specimens under a natural outbreak of lcdv was studied. the replication of the virus was demonstrated in infected fish, but not in control fish. the results showed decreased total serum i ... | 2016 | 27133966 |
| evaluation of an integrated cell culture rt-pcr assay to detect and quantify infectious lymphocystis disease virus. | the lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv), a member of the iridoviridae family, infects a wide range of fish species including gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.), the most important species cultured in the mediterranean. lcdv is difficult to propagate in cell culture and does not produce clear and consistent cytopathic effects (cpe), especially in samples collected from subclinically infected fish. an integrated cell culture reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (icc-rt-pcr) assay, follo ... | 2016 | 27756548 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of lymphocystis disease virus genotype vii by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infections have been described in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) and senegalese sole (solea senegalensis, kaup), two of the most important marine fish species in the mediterranean aquaculture. in this study, a rapid, specific, and sensitive detection method for lcdv genotype vii based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was developed. the lamp assay, performed using an apparatus with real-time amplification monitoring, was able to specifically ... | 2017 | 27709436 |
| concurrence of iridovirus, polyomavirus, and a unique member of a new group of fish papillomaviruses in lymphocystis disease-affected gilthead sea bream. | lymphocystis disease is a geographically widespread disease affecting more than 150 different species of marine and freshwater fish. the disease, provoked by the iridovirus lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv), is characterized by the appearance of papillomalike lesions on the skin of affected animals that usually self-resolve over time. development of the disease is usually associated with several environmental factors and, more frequently, with stress conditions provoked by the intensive culture ... | 2016 | 27440877 |
| interferon regulatory factor 4b (irf4b) in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus: sequencing, ubiquitous tissue distribution and inducible expression by poly(i:c) and dna virus. | interferon regulatory factor 4 (irf4) in mammals is known to be critical in regulation of development and functions of lymphomyeloid cell lineages. recent studies have demonstrated its involvement in immune responses to bacterial and viral challenges in teleosts. in this study, an irf4 gene was cloned from japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) and its expression in response to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(i:c)] and lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) stimulations was studied in vivo. ... | 2016 | 27084058 |
| application of a new real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for surveillance studies of lymphocystis disease virus in farmed gilthead seabream. | lymphocystis disease (lcd) is the main viral infection reported to affect cultured gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) in europe. the existence of subclinical lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infection in this fish species has been recognised by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods. nevertheless, these methods do not provide quantitative results that can be useful in epidemiological and pathological studies. moreover, carrier fish have been involved in viral transmission, therefore ... | 2016 | 27048523 |
| tissue distribution of the 27.8 kda receptor and its dynamic expression in response to lymphocystis disease virus infection in flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) enters and infects the gill cells of flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) via a 27.8 kda membrane protein receptor. in the present study, immunohistochemistry was performed to locate the tissue distribution of this molecule in healthy flounder and showed that it was widely distributed in the tissues tested. indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) showed that the expression of the receptor in healthy flounder was highest in the gills and stomach, then in ... | 2015 | 26632522 |
| tissue localization of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) receptor-27.8 kda and its expression kinetics induced by the viral infection in turbot (scophthalmus maximus). | the 27.8 kda membrane protein expressed in flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) gill cells was proved to be a receptor mediating lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infection. in this study, sds-page and western blotting demonstrated that 27.8 kda receptor (27.8r) was shared by flounder and turbot (scophthalmus maximus). indirect immunofluorescence assay (iifa) and immunohistochemistry showed that 27.8r was widely expressed in tested tissues of healthy turbot. the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent ... | 2015 | 26556346 |
| biochemical and structural studies of fish lymphocystis disease virions isolated from skin tumours of pleuronectes. | fish lymphocystis disease viruses (fldv) were isolated directly from lymphocystis disease lesions of various flatfish species and further purified. subunits could be identified only after the purified virus was disrupted. in combination with different types of treatment, nonidet-p40, dithiothreitol, proteases digestion and after ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation, the inner region of fldv was studied. the purified virus was used for isolation of the virus nucleoid and for further study of t ... | 1986 | 3734014 |
| identification, mapping and cloning of the thymidine kinase gene of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) was identified by biochemical transformation of 3t3 tk negative (tk-) to 3t3 tk positive (tk+) cells using specific viral dna sequences. dna fragments of the viral genome used in this study were obtained from a defined gene library of fldv genome containing the complete viral dna sequences. the selection of the converted cells was carried out under the condition of the hat selection procedure. the results of these experimen ... | 1988 | 3341149 |
| the cytosolic sensor, ddx41, activates antiviral and inflammatory immunity in response to stimulation with double-stranded dna adherent cells of the olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | ddx41, a receptor belonging to the dexd family, functions as a dna sensor in the mammalian cytoplasm and mediates the antiviral response in host cells. here, the olive flounder ddx41 was found to have 2267-bp long and encodes a putative protein of 614 amino acid residues. the olive flounder ddx41 mrna was presented in all tested tissues, and was distinctly expressed in fish naturally infected with lcdv. high expression levels were observed in the heart, liver, kidney and stomach. furthermore, th ... | 2015 | 25776036 |
| development and application of a real-time pcr assay for the detection and quantitation of lymphocystis disease virus. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is responsible for a chronic self-limiting disease that affects more than 125 teleosts. viral isolation of lcdv is difficult, time-consuming and often ineffective; the development of a rapid and specific tool to detect and quantify lcdv is desirable for both diagnosis and pathogenic studies. in this study, a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay was developed using a sybr-green-based assay targeting a highly conserved region of the mcp gene. primers were desig ... | 2015 | 25522921 |
| expansion of the mammalian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/plant dihydroflavonol reductase superfamily to include a bacterial cholesterol dehydrogenase, a bacterial udp-galactose-4-epimerase, and open reading frames in vaccinia virus and fish lymphocystis disease virus. | mammalian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and plant dihydroflavonol reductases are descended from a common ancestor. here we present evidence that nocardia cholesterol dehydrogenase, e. coli udp-galactose-4 epimerase, and open reading frames in vaccinia virus and fish lymphocystis disease virus are homologous to 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and dihydroflavonol reductase. analysis of a multiple alignment of these sequences indicates that viral orfs are most closely related to the mamma ... | 1992 | 1451793 |
| characterization of the repetitive dna elements in the genome of fish lymphocystis disease viruses. | the complete dna nucleotide sequence of the repetitive dna elements in the genome of fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) isolated from two different species (flounder and dab) was determined. the size of these repetitive dna elements was found to be 1413 bp which corresponds to the dna sequences of the 5' terminus of the ecori dna fragment b (0.034 to 0.052 m.u.) and to the ecori dna fragment m (0.718 to 0.736 m.u.) of the fldv genome causing lymphocystis disease in flounder and plaice. the d ... | 1989 | 2773322 |
| identification and nucleotide sequence analysis of the repetitive dna element in the genome of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | the genome of the fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) was screened for the existence of repetitive dna sequences using a defined and complete gene library of the viral genome (98 kbp) by dna-dna hybridization, heteroduplex analysis, and restriction fine mapping. a repetitive dna sequence was detected at the coordinates 0.034 to 0.057 and 0.718 to 0.736 map units (m.u.) of the fldv genome. the first region (0.034 to 0.057 m.u.) corresponds to the 5' terminus of the ecori fldv dna fragment b (0 ... | 1987 | 2825422 |
| molecular cloning and physical mapping of the genome of fish lymphocystis disease virus. | a defined and complete gene library of the fish lymphocystis disease virus (fldv) genome was established. fldv dna was cleaved with ecori, bamhi, ecori/bamhi and ecori/hindiii and the resulting fragments were inserted into the corresponding sites of the pacyc184 or pat153 plasmid vectors using t4 dna ligase. since fldv dna is highly methylated at cpg sequences (darai et al., 1983; wagner et al., 1985), an escherichia coli gc-3 strain was required to amplify the recombinant plasmids harboring the ... | 1985 | 2996221 |
| subcellular localization and characterization of g protein-coupled receptor homolog from lymphocystis disease virus isolated in china. | g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) constitute a large superfamily involved in various types of signal transduction pathways, and play an important role in coordinating the activation and migration of leukocytes to sites of infection and inflammation. viral gpcrs, on the other hand, can help the virus to escape from host immune surveillance and contribute to viral pathogenesis. lymphocystis disease virus isolated in china (lcdv-c) contains a putative homolog of cellular gpcrs, lcdv-c gpcr. in th ... | 2007 | 17425429 |
| whitespotted puffer arothron hispidus, a new host for lymphocystis in qingdao aquarium of china. | in april 2004 white nodular lesions were found on the fins of whitespotted puffer arothron hispidus (linnaeus). diagnostic studies were carried out to confirm the disease using light and electron microscopy, histochemical methods and pcr. the results revealed that the nodules were composed of giant cells up to 400 microm in diameter. these cells were surrounded by a periodic acid-schiff (pas)-positive hyaline capsule containing dot-shaped, feulgen-positive inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm and a ... | 2007 | 17523540 |
| constitutive expression of thymidylate synthase from lcdv-c induces a transformed phenotype in fish cells. | thymidylate synthase (ts), an essential enzyme in dna synthesis and repair, plays a key role in the events of cell cycle regulation and tumor formation. here, an investigation was presented about subcellular location and biological function of viral ts from lymphocystis disease virus from china (lcdv-c) in fish cells. fluorescence microscopy revealed that lcdv-c ts was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm in fish cells. cell cycle analysis demonstrated that lcdv-c ts promoted cell cycle prog ... | 2008 | 18037154 |
| formation and oral administration of alginate microspheres loaded with pdna coding for lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) to japanese flounder. | oral delivery of plasmid dna (pdna) is a desirable approach for fish immunization in intensive culture. however, its effectiveness is limited because of possible degradation of pdna in the fish's digestive system. in this report, alginate microspheres loaded with pdna coding for fish lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) and green fluorescent protein were prepared with a modified oil containing water (w/o) emulsification method. yield, loading percent and encapsulation efficiency of alginate microsp ... | 2008 | 18328731 |
| the formulation and immunisation of oral poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) microcapsules containing a plasmid vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus in japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | nucleic acid-based immunotherapy is a new treatment option for fish immunisation in intensive culture. however, dna-based vaccines would be hydrolyzed or denaturized because of the existence of nucleases and severe gastrointestinal conditions. poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (plga) microcapsules, loaded with plasmid dna (pdna) against lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv), were prepared by modified water in oil in water (w/o/w) double emulsion method in our laboratory. encapsulation efficiency, loadin ... | 2008 | 18442796 |
| phylogenetic analysis of lymphocystis disease virus from tropical ornamental fish species based on a major capsid protein gene. | | 2008 | 18471104 |
| chitosan microspheres as candidate plasmid vaccine carrier for oral immunisation of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | oral dna-based immunotherapy is a new treatment option for fish immunisation in intensive culture. however, because of the existence of the nucleases and severe gastrointestinal conditions, dna-based vaccines can be hydrolyzed or denatured. in our laboratory, a plasmid dna (pdna) containing major capsid protein (mcp) gene of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) was prepared, and then pdna was encapsulated in chitosan microspheres through an emulsion-based methodology. the yield, loading percent and ... | 2008 | 18722672 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of lymphocystis disease virus. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). a set of five specific primers, two inner and two outer primers and a loop primer, were designed on the basis of the major capsid protein gene of lcdv. the reaction time and temperatures were optimized for 60 min at 63 degrees c, respectively. lamp amplification products were detected by a ladder-like appearance on agarose gel electrophoresis or a naked-eye inspection of a ... | 2010 | 19891986 |
| effect of punica granatum solvent extracts on immune system and disease resistance in paralichthys olivaceus against lymphocystis disease virus (ldv). | we report the effect of aqueous, ethanol, and methanol solvent leaf extracts of punica granatum on innate immune mechanisms, such as phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst activity, alternative complement activity, lysozyme activity and functional immunity in terms of percentage cumulative mortality and relative percent survival (rps) in olive flounder paralichthys olivaceus naturally infected with lymphocystis disease virus (ldv) after 8 weeks. infected fish were intraperitoneally administere ... | 2010 | 20624470 |
| effect of probiotics enriched diet on paralichthys olivaceus infected with lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). | we report the effect of two probiotics, lactobacil and sporolac as separate or mixed diets on innate immune mechanisms, such as phagocytosis activity, superoxide anion production of blood leukocytes, complement activity and plasma lysozyme activity, and disease resistance in lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infected olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus (523.5 +/- 18.3 g) on week 1, 2, and 4. in infected fish, administration of diet supplemented with lactobacil individually or mixed with sporo ... | 2010 | 20688170 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of interferon regulatory factor 7 (irf-7) in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | interferon regulatory factor (irf) 7 in mammals is known to be a key player in regulating the type i interferon (ifn) response to viral infection as a transcription activator of ifns and ifn-stimulated genes (isgs). in this study, a full-length cdna of japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, (po)irf-7 was cloned and characterized. poirf-7 is 2032 bp in length, with an open reading frame (orf) of 1293 bp that encodes 430 amino acid residues. the putative amino acid sequence shows the highest h ... | 2010 | 20713159 |
| interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf-3) in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus: sequencing, limited tissue distribution, inducible expression and induction of fish type i interferon promoter. | two cdnas with different 3'-untranslated region (utr) encoding an interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf-3) were cloned from head kidney of japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) methods. sequence analysis reveals that they were generated by alternative polyadenylation. the predicted protein consists of 467 amino acid residues which shares the highest identity of 50.7-57.6% to fish irf-3 and ... | 2011 | 20837055 |
| poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles as candidate dna vaccine carrier for oral immunization of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) against lymphocystis disease virus. | in order to protect dna vaccine against degradation in alimentary tract of fish, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) nanoparticles encapsulating vaccine were prepared using w/o/w emulsification combined with spray drying technique in our laboratory. the characteristics of plga nanoparticles were described as follows: (1) shape, spherical; (2) size, <500 nm; (3) yield, ∼96.2%; loading percentage, ∼0.5%; encapsulation efficiency, ∼63.7%; supercoiled conformation percentage, ∼65%; (4) release dyna ... | 2010 | 20920584 |
| effect of temperature on immune response of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) to inactivated lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). | using flow cytometric analysis, the dynamics of surface immunoglobulin positive (sig+) cells in lymphoid organs of japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) reared at 9, 15, 21 and 26 °c, was investigated following intraperitoneal injection with inactivated lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). the results showed that the percentages of sig+ cells were suppressed in peripheral blood leucocytes (pbl), spleen leucocytes (sl) and head kidney leucocytes (hkl) from 9 °c to 15 °c immunized groups, and a ... | 2010 | 21134468 |
| establishment and characterization of a testicular cell line from the half-smooth tongue sole, cynoglossus semilaevis. | spermatogenesis within the adult testis is an excellent system for studying stem cell renewal and differentiation, which is under the control of testicular somatic cells. in order to understanding spermatogenesis in the half-smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis) as a marine fish model of aquaculture importance, we established a cell line called csgc from a juvenile gonad of this organism. csgc is composed of fibroblast-like cells, retains a diploid karyotype of 42 chromosomes, lacks the he ... | 2011 | 21547062 |
| identification of a 27.8 kda protein from flounder gill cells involved in lymphocystis disease virus binding and infection. | in vitro, lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infection of flounder gill (fg) cell cultures causes obvious cytopathic effect (cpe). we describe attempts to isolate and characterize the lcdv-binding molecule(s) on the plasma membrane of fg cells that were responsible for virus entry. the results showed that the co-immunoprecipitation assay detected a 27.8 kda molecule from fg cells that bound to lcdv. in a blocking elisa, pre-incubation of fg cell membrane proteins with the specific antiserum devel ... | 2011 | 21553564 |
| immune efficacy of a genetically engineered vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus: analysis of different immunization strategies. | here, we report the construction of a vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) using nucleic acid vaccination technology. a fragment of the major capsid protein encoding gene from an lcdv isolated from china (lcdv-cn) was cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector pegfp-n2, yielding a recombinant plasmid pegfp-n2-lcdv-cn0.6?kb. this plasmid was immediately expressed after liposomal transfer into the japanese flounder embryo cell line. the recombinant plasmid was inoculated into japanes ... | 2011 | 21789044 |
| Detection of antigenic proteins expressed by lymphocystis virus as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel). | Although the major capsid proteins (MCPs) of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) have been characterized, little is known about the host-derived immune response to MCPs and other LCDV antigenic proteins. To identify antigenic proteins of LCDV that could be used as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, we analysed the viral proteins responsible for its virulence by applying immuno-proteomics. LCDV proteins were separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis, transferred to ... | 2011 | 21675997 |
| evolutionary conservation of molecular structure and antiviral function of a viral receptor, lgp2, in amphioxus branchiostoma japonicum. | rig-i-like (where rig-i is retinoic acid inducible gene i) receptor lgp2 (where lgp2 is laboratory of genetics and physiology) is an important intracellular receptor that recognizes viral rnas in innate immunity, but its origin and evolution remains unknown. here we clearly demonstrate the presence of a rig-i-like receptor, bjlgp2, in the basal chordate amphioxus. it is predominantly expressed in the hepatic caecum and hindgut, and is upregulated following challenge with poly(i:c). bjlgp2 is dis ... | 2015 | 26442622 |
| relationship between expression of cellular receptor-27.8 kda and lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infection. | the 27.8 kda membrane protein from flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) gill (fg) cells was previously identified as a putative cellular receptor involved in lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) infection. in this paper, the expression of receptor-27.8 kda (27.8r) and lcdv loads in fg cells and hirame natural embryo (hinae) cells were investigated upon lcdv infection and anti-27.8r monoclonal antibody (mab) treatment. the results showed the 27.8r was expressed and co-localized with lcdv in both fg and ... | 2015 | 26024218 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of interferon regulatory factor 9 (irf9) in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | interferon regulatory factor 9 (irf9) in mammals is known to be involved in antiviral response. in this study, we studied the structure, mrna tissue distribution and regulation of irf9 from japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. the cdna sequence of irf9 is 3305 bp long, containing an open reading frame (orf) of 1308 bp that encodes a peptide of 435 amino acids. the predicted protein sequence shares 33.7-72.0% identity to other fish irf9s. japanese flounder irf9 possesses a dna-binding domai ... | 2014 | 24837327 |
| host responses of japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus with lymphocystis cell formation. | lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease (lcd). in this study, we investigated the mechanisms of lymphocystis cell (lcc) formation from the viewpoint of gene expression changes in the infected fish. lcc occurrence and virus titers in the experimentally infected japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus were monitored by visual confirmation and real-time pcr, respectively. the gene expression changes in the fish fin were investigated by microarray experimen ... | 2014 | 24746936 |
| identification and characterization of a novel lymphocystis disease virus isolate from cultured grouper in china. | grouper epinephelus spp. is one of the most important mariculture fish species in china and south-east asian countries. the emerging viral diseases, evoked by iridovirus which belongs to genus megalocytivirus and ranavirus, have been well characterized in recent years. to date, few data on lymphocystis disease in grouper which caused by lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) were described. here, a novel lcdv isolate was identified and characterized. based on the sequence of lcdv major capsid protein ... | 2015 | 24720572 |
| identification of lymphocystis disease virus from paradise fish macropodus opercularis (lcdv-pf). | iridoviruses are large dna viruses that are subdivided into five genera: ranavirus, megalocytivirus, lymphocystivirus, chloriridovirus and iridovirus. the iridovirus lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv) is an important fish pathogen that can infect marine and freshwater fish worldwide. in this study, we have identified the pathogen in paradise fish (macropodus opercularis) with lymphocystis. on the skin and fins of diseased paradise fish, a large number of nodules were observed. h&e staining showed ... | 2014 | 24705603 |
| gene cloning and expression analysis of irf1 in half-smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis). | interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf1) was known to play key roles in antiviral defense in several species, and some other important biological processes. in this report, full length cdna of irf1 from cynoglossus semilaevis (csirf1) was identified. it was of 1,455 bp, containing a 5' utr of 104 bp, a 3' utr of 541 bp with a poly (a) tail and an orf of 810 bp encoding a putative protein of 269 amino acids. the putative csirf1protein contained one conserved irf domain (1-113aa), and two low complex ... | 2014 | 24584575 |
| molecular cloning and multifunctional characterization of grim-19 (gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19) homologue from turbot (scophthalmus maximus). | grim-19 (gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19), a novel cell death regulatory gene, plays important roles in cell apoptosis, embryogenesis, mitochondrial respiratory chain and immune response. to date, little information is known about fish grim-19 characteristics except orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides). here a new grim-19 gene is identified and characterized from turbot (scophthalmus maximus), an economic marine fish in china and europe. briefly, turbot gri ... | 2014 | 24239557 |
| molecular cloning, subcelluar location and expression profile of signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (stat2) from turbot, scophthalmus maximus. | signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (stat2) is an important molecule involved in the type i interferon signalling pathway. to date, little stat2 homologue is available in fish except atlantic salmon and goldfish. in this paper, stat2 was firstly cloned and characterized from turbot, a marine flatfish with high economic value. briefly, turbot stat2 cdna is 3206 bp in length encoding a predicted protein of 793 amino acids. the phylogenetic tree shows that turbot stat2 protein shared ... | 2013 | 23933433 |