| a parasitological study on the chacma baboon (papio ursinus) from the northern transvaal. | baboons imported into rhodesia from the northern transvaal proved to be heavily infected with intestinal protozoa and helminths. in fact, six protozoan species, one cestode and eight nematode species were recorded. a new concept in "identification graphs" is included in the paper which allows one to read off directly the species of strongyle eggs being passed by baboons in southern africa based upon length and breadth measurements of the eggs. treatment of balantidium coli and nematode infection ... | 1978 | 104037 |
| morphological changes in 49 chacma baboons after cardiac allografts. | the morhpological changes in 49 chacma baboons after cardiac transplantation were studied by light and electron microscopy. non-immunosuppressed grafts were tolerated for an average of 10 days and immunosuppressed grafts for 18 days. serial biopsy specimens of non-immunosuppressed grafts showed a progression in severity of rejection changes. electron microscopy mirrored the light microscopic changes. rejection changes in the baboon appear similar to those encountered in human and canine allograf ... | 1979 | 117558 |
| characterization of sa12 as a simian virus 40-related papovavirus of chacma baboons. | sa12 virus, originally isolated from an uninoculated south african vervet monkey kidney culture, was identified as a new member of the simian virus 40 (sv40)-polyoma subgroup of papovaviruses. the virus produced a cytopathic effect with nuclear enlargement in primary rhesus kidney cells. the virion had papovavirus morphology and a diameter of 44 to 45 nm. the dna of the virus was a circular, double-stranded, superhelical molecule with a mean length 101% that of sv40 dna and an estimated molecula ... | 1977 | 198375 |
| physaloptera caucasica (=abbreviata caucasica) in the south african baboon (papio ursinus). | | 1977 | 318551 |
| cardiac surgical research and heart transplantation in papio ursinus. | the use of non-human primates stems from the concern for employing an animal genetically closely related to man. during a 3 year period over 300 baboons were handled in the cardiac research unit and more than 60 heterotopic cardiac transplantations were performed. the baboon presents multiple advantages if compared with the problems arising from the use of the dog or the pig in cardiac surgical experimentation. this experimental work illustrated these advantages and demonstrated that heterotopic ... | 1978 | 370387 |
| further observations on the relationship and distribution of schistosoma margrebowiei and s. leiperi in central southern africa. | a further survey in east caprivi, chobe national park, okavango swamps and kavango was undertaken in june 1976. no evidence of lechwe schistosomes was found in droppings of african buffalo (syncerus caffer) nor baboons (papio ursinus) living in lechwe habitats. it was thought that they were not capable of spreading or maintaining these parasites outside the confines of the known distribution of kobus sp. the role of goats was equivocal but probably they too are poor hosts. kavango, an endemic ar ... | 1977 | 599275 |
| copulatory vocalizations of chacma baboons (papio ursinus), gibbons (hylobates hoolock), and humans. | the copulatory vocalizations of female baboons (papio ursinus) are more complex than those of female gibbons (hylobates hoolock) or human females. adult males of all these species begin calling later than the female, but subordinate baboon males do not call. copulatory vocalizations may serve to mutually stimulate the mating partners or to incite male competition. | 1978 | 663622 |
| feeding and rearing of infant baboons in captivity. | the feeding, housing and care of infant baboons (papio ursinus) are discussed. at the time of capture all the baboons were aged less than 5 weeks, and problems such as soft stools, diarrhoea and a staphylococcal dermatitis that occurred during their 5 weeks adaptation to conditions in the animal house are reported. a time-saving method for force-feeding infant baboons is also described, while information is given regarding the capturing technique used. | 1975 | 813309 |
| histochemical and ultrastructural studies of calcification in the kidneys and the adrenal glands of rats and baboons fed a nephrocalcinogenic diet. | long-term feeding experiments were conducted with young rats and young baboons (papio ursinus). the effects of wxperimental diets, unbalanced in respect of magnesium and phosphorus, on the structural and ultrastructural appearance of the kidneys and the adrenals, were compared with those of a control diet. it was found, firstly, that in both species feeding of the unbalanced diets resulted in the formation of calcified structures in the kidneys and, secondly, that the formation of calcified stru ... | 1976 | 827816 |
| standard serum chemical and haematological values in the chacma baboon (papio ursinus). | blood chemical and haematological determinations were carried out on 64 baboons. the blood chemical and haematological values determined were found to be in general agreement with the values for man and other primate species. some blood constituents however, did show noteworthy differences. marked sex differences were demonstrated in some blood chemical and haematological parameters. | 1975 | 1195270 |
| induction of bone in composites of osteogenin and porous hydroxyapatite in baboons. | a major goal of the combined effort of basic scientists and plastic and reconstructive surgeons is the development of novel bone substitutes based on osteogenic growth and differentiation factors with optimal delivery systems for skeletal repair. osteogenin is a protein initiator of bone differentiation. the present study examined the osteogenic potential of osteogenin in combination with porous hydroxyapatite replicas obtained after hydrothermal conversion of calcium carbonate exoskeletons of c ... | 1992 | 1312241 |
| osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, adsorbed on porous hydroxyapatite substrata, induces rapid bone differentiation in calvarial defects of adult primates. | osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, in conjunction with insoluble collagenous bone matrix initiates local endochondral bone differentiation by induction in vivo. this study, by exploiting the affinity of native osteogenin for hydroxyapatite, was designed to construct a delivery system for the expression of the biologic activity of osteogenin in nonhealing calvarial defects of adult primates. after exposure of the calvaria, 64 cranial defects, 25 mm in diameter, were prepared in 16 adult ma ... | 1992 | 1325064 |
| bone cell interactions with a granular glass-ionomer bone substitute material: in vivo and in vitro culture models. | the interface between bone and a synthetic bone substitute constructed from glass-ionomer cement (ionomeric microimplant) was studied in diffusion chambers implanted in a primate baboon model (papio ursinus) and in in vitro primary bone organ cultures derived from neonate rat calvaria. in both models osteoblast-like cells colonized the surface of the implant producing a collagenous extracellular matrix. an electron-dense bonding zone similar to that reported for hydroxyapatite and titanium was s ... | 1992 | 1420719 |
| pathogenicity of sad rabies vaccine given orally in chacma baboons (papio ursinus). | | 1992 | 1441164 |
| initiation of bone regeneration in adult baboons by osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein. | osteogenin, and related bone morphogenetic proteins, induce endochondral bone differentiation through a cascade of events which include formation of cartilage, hypertrophy and calcification of the cartilage, vascular invasion, differentiation of osteoblasts, and formation of bone. these events have been studied in a postnatal model of bone development in rodents. information concerning the morphogenetic potential of osteogenin in primates is a prerequisite for potential clinical application in m ... | 1992 | 1484504 |
| interleukin-1 from baboon peripheral blood monocytes: altered response to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and staphylococcus aureus stimulation compared with human monocytes. | the baboon papio ursinus does not elicit a febrile response upon injection with endotoxin, but fever is produced when injected with staphylococcus aureus particles (zurowsky, y., h. laburn, d. mitchell, can. j. physiol. pharmacol. 65, 1402-1407 (1987)). we address the question whether baboon peripheral blood monocytes produce interleukin-1 (il-1) when stimulated with endotoxin or s. aureus particles in culture. results show that little il-1 biological activity was produced from endotoxin-stimula ... | 1992 | 1493811 |
| tick infestation of baboons (papio ursinus) in the namib desert. | chacma baboons (papio ursinus) living in an arid environment in namibia were heavily infested with ticks of the genus rhipicephalus. a survey to assess tick numbers and identity was undertaken in the baboons' habitat. it appears that there is a strong correlation between the number of ticks and the amount of time the baboons spend in an area. it is speculated that tick infestations were responsible for more than half (n = 18) of recorded infant deaths amongst these baboons. | 1992 | 1602569 |
| the chacma baboon as an organ donor for man. | | 1992 | 1604499 |
| the induction of bone in osteogenic composites of bone matrix and porous hydroxyapatite replicas: an experimental study on the baboon (papio ursinus). | this study evaluated the morphogenetic properties of osteogenic composites of bone matrix and porous coralline hydroxyapatite (ha) replicas after intramuscular implantation in adult baboons (papio ursinus). composite implants were prepared by inserting rods of nonresorbable ha replicas, 20 mm in length, and 5 or 7 mm in diameter, into the medullary canals of 90 diaphyseal baboon bone cylinders, 20 mm in height, sequentially extracted and chemosterilized to obtain autolysed antigen-extracted allo ... | 1991 | 1649284 |
| nucleoid sedimentation analysis of dna superstructure, gamma-radiation-induced damage and repair in human and chacma baboon (papia ursinus) peripheral lymphocytes. | the use of the chacma baboon (papio ursinus) in radiobiological investigations justifies special attention because it answers many of the criteria of parallelism to the human. the present study was undertaken to establish whether in vitro gamma-radiation effects in chacma baboon and human lymphocytes are comparable. the sensitive and rapid nucleoid sedimentation technique was employed to evaluate in vitro dna superstructure, damage and repair in readily obtainable radiosensitive peripheral lymph ... | 1991 | 1674279 |
| xenogeneic osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, and demineralized bone matrices, including human, induce bone differentiation in athymic rats and baboons. | subcutaneous implantation of xenogeneic demineralized bone matrix does not initiate endochondral bone differentiation. dissociative extraction in 4 m guanidine-hcl or 6 m urea has shown that the apparent species-specificity of intact bone matrix resides in its insoluble immunogenic component, since there is homology in solubilized osteogenic proteins amongst mammals. to further investigate the species-specificity and cross-species reactivity of bone matrix components, baboon and human deminerali ... | 1991 | 1787832 |
| immunological compatibility between the chacma baboon and man. | predictions of an increasing shortage of donor organs for the future has led to a resurgence of interest in xenotransplantation. we have methodically assessed the immunological compatibility of humans against the chacma baboon with a view to narrowing the gap of concordance by careful immunological screening. the necessity of major blood group compatibility in xenotransplantation is now established. while no group o universal donor exists in the baboon, groups a (45%), b (15%), and ab (40%) are ... | 1991 | 1836285 |
| entamoeba histolytica: naturally occurring infections in baboons. | entamoeba chattoni frequently occurs as an intestinal infection in non-human primates. it has been isolated from both wild and captive animals. morphologically this amoeba resembles e. histolytica. e. histolytica has also been isolated from non-human primates on a number of occasions but these isolations have been from captive animals. in recent years identification of e. histolytica has been enhanced by the introduction of iso-enzyme electrophoresis methods. this technology has been widely appl ... | 1990 | 2136480 |
| immunohistochemical localization of calbindins (28k and 9k) in the tissues of the baboon papio ursinus. | an indirect immunoperoxidase procedure was used to detect the presence of calbindin-d28k and calbindin-d9k in the cerebellum, kidney, and duodenum of the baboon papio ursinus. antibodies to chick calbinding-d28k and to both rat and mouse calbindin-d9k were used. the cerebellum and kidney were shown to contain calbindin-d28k; the doudenum contained calbindin-d9k. in the cerebellum, positive staining was found in the purkinje cells only; in the kidney, positive staining was found in the distal con ... | 1990 | 2285158 |
| angiology of the brain of the baboon papio ursinus, the vervet monkey cercopithecus pygerithrus, and the bushbaby galago senegalensis. | the investigation was undertaken to compare the blood supply and venous drainage of the brain of the baboon p. ursinus, the vervet monkey c. pygerithrus, and the bushbaby g. senegalensis with that of man, because these animals are extensively used as research models. the blood supply of the three primates was found to be similar in each case. like man they have a complete circulus arteriosus; but they have a single anterior cerebral artery, whereas man has paired anterior cerebral arteries. the ... | 1990 | 2321560 |
| anthrax in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) in namibia. | bacillus anthracis caused the death of five cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) on a farm in the gobabis district in namibia. the mode of infection was believed to be a freshly shot baboon (papio ursinus) with a cutaneous anthrax lesion. | 1990 | 2388367 |
| optimalization of immunosuppression after xenogeneic heart transplantation in primates. | xenogeneic heart transplantation is becoming increasingly attractive because of the shortage of suitable donor organs. in small infants and neonates, for whom suitable human grafts are difficult to obtain, this may play a particularly important role. to evaluate the optimal immunosuppressive regimen after xenogeneic transplantation, cervical heterotopic heart transplantation was performed with vervet monkeys as donors and chacma baboons as recipients. the following groups were investigated: grou ... | 1989 | 2661769 |
| supplementation of ham's f10 culture medium with three different sera in the culturing of baboon oocytes. | 1. ten female baboons (papio ursinus) were stimulated for a total of 20 cycles with 3 ovulation induction agents. 2. oocytes obtained were randomly allocated to ham's f10 culture medium supplemented with human fetal cord serum, primate serum or commercial fetal bovine serum respectively. 3. fertilization occurred (38.1-45.5%) in all 3 supplements, but cleavage and embryo development was more successful in culture medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. 4. eight embryos were cultured and 6 ( ... | 1987 | 2887377 |
| primate in vitro fertilization research: preliminary results on the folliculogenic effects of three different ovulatory induction agents on the chacma baboon, papio ursinus. | 1. a study was conducted on the chacma baboon, papio ursinus with three ovulation induction agents in an effort to define a preferential stimulatory protocol with regards to the number and quality of oocytes obtained. 2. three folliculogenic agents applied in four stimulatory protocol regimens comprised clomiphene citrate in a high (100 mg/day) and low (50 mg/day) dosage, a combination of clomiphene citrate and pregnant mare serum, and human menopausal gonadotropin. 3. a total of 159 oocytes wer ... | 1987 | 2887387 |
| improved technique for the mixed lymphocyte response in the chacma baboon. | lymphocyte responsiveness in cells collected from baboons (papio ursinus orientalis) has consistently been 1/10 of that obtained using human cells. animals that vigorously rejected organ allografts demonstrated that this lack of responsiveness was not due to genetic identity. this paper defines the kinetics of the baboon mixed lymphocyte response (mlr) and suggests several modifications to improve the sensitivity of the technique. optimal response was obtained using nylon wool purified t-cell re ... | 1988 | 2971840 |
| spread and distribution of human t-cell leukaemia virus type i-reactive antibody among baboons and monkeys in the northern and eastern transvaal. | antibodies which probably indicate infection with human t-cell leukaemia virus type i (htlv-i) were determined in three species of non-human primates from several localities. a significant prevalence among chacma baboons and vervet monkeys was confirmed. according to sero-epidemiological evidence that htlv-i infection is predominantly sexually transmitted between adult animals; comparison of prevalence rates between localities or species should therefore take sexual maturity into account. it app ... | 1985 | 2986298 |
| diabetes in pancreatectomized baboons: a model for pancreatic transplantation studies. | this study was designed to assess plasma glucose levels (plg) and insulin release in totally pancreatectomized baboons when challenged with intravenous glucose administration (ivgtt). ten animals (papio ursinus) were used and duodenectomy was intentionally avoided. the plg at death was 18.0 +/- mmol/l, and the mean k-value within 3 days after pancreatectomy was 0.4% +/- 0.2%, indicating a significant impairment of glucose disappearance from the blood when compared to the control animals (p less ... | 1987 | 3298861 |
| quality of semen obtained by electroejaculation from chacma baboons (papio ursinus). | fifty-four baboons (papio ursinus) were subjected to an electro-ejaculation procedure that yielded 683 usable ejaculates in 705 attempts. quality evaluations by usual human spermiogram methods were applicable with only minor modifications to the procedures. by human criteria these wild baboons remained fertile after capture, and their use as a fertility model in pharmacological studies appeared to be appropriate. | 1988 | 3367359 |
| experimental evaluation of the mitroflow pericardial heart valve prosthesis. part ii. pathologic examination. | the results of the morphologic and histopathologic examination of 37 bovine pericardial heart valve prostheses that were retrieved after experimental implantation in chacma baboons for periods of one to twelve months are presented in this study. the implanted prostheses consisted of 33 mitroflow valves, size 21 mm, that belonged to four different groups according to the method of preparation of the pericardium (process i to iv) and 4 commercially available ionescu-shiley valves, size 19 mm. all ... | 1988 | 3421507 |
| baboon (papio ursinus) model to study deep vein thrombosis using 111-indium-labeled autologous platelets. | this study evaluates the chacma baboon as a model for investigations on deep vein thrombosis (dvt). there is a good correlation of the baboon and human thrombelastographic parameters (r-time, k-time, ma). investigation on the diagnostic efficacy of 111 in-labeled platelets as an imaging agent for dvt cast considerable doubt on the procedure, owing to the age of the thrombus. | 1987 | 3585973 |
| the effect of an oral gold preparation on the gastrointestinal tract motility in two species of experimental animals. | the oral gold preparation, auranofin, used in rheumatoid arthritis has been reputed to cause chronic diarrhea. to investigate this the g.i. tract motility was measured before auranofin therapy and after 1, 3, and 5 weeks of therapy using scintigraphy following indium-111-labeled meals in three beagle dogs. the gastric emptying times of the dogs accelerated throughout the duration of the experiment, although the large bowel transit times did not seem to be affected. the affect of auranofin on the ... | 1987 | 3586692 |
| responses of baboons to traditionally pyrogenic agents. | it is not clear whether baboons develop fever in response to endotoxin or other pyrogens. we injected various pyrogens intravenously in 12 unrestrained baboons (papio ursinus) and measured their body temperature using intra-abdominal radiotelemeters. serum iron concentration was also measured. the baboons developed fever after injection of killed staphylococcus aureus (5 x 10(7) organisms/kg). no significant fever was measured after injection of lipopolysaccharide (salmonella typhosa) (0.1, 8, 4 ... | 1987 | 3621085 |
| is pulmonary ischemia a factor in the reperfusion response? an experimental study in the chacma baboon. | a reimplantation or reperfusion response has been described in both the experimental animal and the human patient after various procedures involving pulmonary ischemia. we have investigated this phenomenon in a primate model. ten chacma baboons were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and cooled to 20 degrees c. circumferential segments of the right main bronchus and pulmonary artery were denuded of all surrounding tissue. each structure was then cross-clamped, which rendered the lung ischemic, dur ... | 1987 | 3668707 |
| histological changes in the penis of the chacma baboon--a model to study aging penile vascular impotence. | light and scanning electron microscopy was performed on the penes of chacma baboons to establish their suitability as animal model for studying vascular impotence. analogous aging penile vascular changes were found in man, and a fibrous trabeculopathy with intertrabecular senechiae was demonstrated. considering the corresponding changes, the chacma baboon could thus be regarded suitable for studying the pathophysiology of aging penile vascular changes. | 1985 | 3981618 |
| receptive field properties of neurones in visual area 1 and visual area 2 in the baboon. | in order to compare the receptive field properties of cells in the striate area (visual area 1; v1), and the parastriate area (visual area 2; v2), we have recorded from 174 cells in v1 and 112 cells in v2 in five anaesthetized and paralysed baboons (papio ursinus). the receptive fields were mapped to determine their type, size and position in the visual field, and the binocular interaction, if any. moving and stationary optimally oriented bars were used to distinguish cells with single "on" or " ... | 1985 | 3990953 |
| attempted induction of sarcoma in a cape chacma baboon with the snyder-theilen feline sarcoma virus. | | 1973 | 4197095 |
| toxoplasmosis in free-ranging chacma baboons (papio ursinus) from the kruger national park. | | 1973 | 4207573 |
| the secretion of a,b,h and lewis blood group substances in the gastric juice and saliva of chacma baboons (papio ursinus, kerr) and vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus, cuvier. | | 1974 | 4214359 |
| a survey of diseases among 100 free-ranging baboons (papio ursinus) from the kruger national park. | | 1974 | 4469830 |
| mitral valve replacement in the baboon (papio ursinus) and the human with the university of stellenbosch mitral valve prosthesis. | | 1969 | 4974073 |
| studies on the oxygen uptake of leucocytes from the chacma baboon(papio ursinus) and on a new medium for the in vitro study of intact leucocytes. | | 1969 | 4978660 |
| the effect of bovine growth hormone on zinc-65 metabolism and prostatic blood flow of intact, testosterone treated, and castrated adult male chacma baboons. | | 1970 | 4988374 |
| thoracic duct drainage in the vervet monkey and chacma baboon. | | 1971 | 5005597 |
| standardization of radiorenography in dehydrated and rehydrated primates under laboratory conditions. | radiorenography with 99mtc-labelled diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid ( [99mtc]-dtpa) was performed on chacma baboons (papio ursinus) and vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythus) to establish the effects of various states of hydration on the data obtained from the dtpa-renogram. the renogram parameters, which can be related to certain aspects of kidney function, varied significantly with the degree of hydration. it is therefore imperative for clinically directed animal research projects on the ... | 1983 | 6389879 |
| circulating thyroid hormones in progressive renal failure in the baboon (papio ursinus). | in order to examine the effects of developing renal failure on circulating thyroid hormones, serum concentrations of thyroxine (t4), free t4 (ft4), triiodothyronine (t3) and reverse t3 (rt3) and tbg capacity were measured in 9 baboons before and during the progress of acute (mean survival 12 days), subacute (32 days) and chronic (120 days) renal failure following allogeneic renal transplantation. irrespective of the rate of development of renal failure, there were significant, non linear (power ... | 1984 | 6438218 |
| gastrointestinal scintigraphy using 99mtc- or 111in-labelled polymer beads. | in order to establish normal and pathological stomach emptying characteristics by external measurement of a radioactive meal using a gamma camera and computer system, it is necessary for the radioactively labelled substance to have the same behaviour in the stomach as the ingested food. resins containing chelating groups which enable binding to either reduced 99mtco4- or 111in+3 were tested for their suitability as tracers mixed into solid food. the preparation of such styrene-divinyl-benzene re ... | 1984 | 6473113 |
| fertilization and cleavage in vitro of baboon oocytes. | female chacma baboons (papio ursinus) were subjected to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin. oocytes were recovered at laparotomy and matured in vitro. sperm was collected by electrostimulation, processed and added to oocytes in culture. fertilization, cleavage and early pre-implantation development in vitro were recorded. preliminary attempts to transfer embryos are described. advantages and problems in establishing the baboon as a model for in vitro fer ... | 1984 | 6484770 |
| the helminth fauna of the digestive tracts of chacma baboons, papio ursinus, from different localities in the transvaal. | all of the 111 baboons examined from the loskop dam, suikerbosrand and scrutton nature reserves and the sabie-tweefontein forest reserve were infested with helminths of the digestive tract. the helminths recovered were bertiella studeri, enterobius vermicularis, oesophagostomum bifurcum, physaloptera caucasica, streptopharagus pigmentatus, strongyloides fülleborni, trichostrongylus falculatus, trichuris trichiura and females of trichuris which possibly belong to a new species. most baboons harbo ... | 1984 | 6533507 |
| eosinophilic, electron-dense bodies in the tongue of cercopithecus pygerythrus. | dorsal glossal mucosa from healthy southern african vervet monkeys (cercopithecus pygerythrus) invariably contained intra-cytoplasmic eosinophilic bodies in the prickle cells between and beneath the filiform papillae. ultrastructurally, the bodies were relatively homogeneous, electron-dense structures of varying size and resembled structures previously described as keratohyaline in the hamster and the dog. no similar bodies were found in tongues from humans and cape chacma baboons. | 1980 | 6771258 |
| normal cellular and humoral immunologic parameters in the baboon (papio ursinus) compared to human standards. | normal adult chacma baboons were investigated with reference to their basic immunological parameters, including serum immunoglobulin concentrations, proportions of t- and b-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and lymphocyte response to activators. as rabbit antihuman antisera to immunoglobulins were used for the serum immunoglobulin determinations, cross-reactivity between human and baboon immunoglobulins was evaluated, and it was found that human and baboon igg and igm were both completely cro ... | 1980 | 6780725 |
| the effect of experimental ligation of the external carotid artery and its major branches on haemorrhage from the maxillary artery. | the effect of ligation of the external carotid artery and its major branches on blood flow from the maxillary artery was investigated in four chacma baboons. the left common carotid artery and its branches were surgically exposed and the maxillary artery was isolated, sectioned and cannulated. blood flow from the proximal segment of the maxillary artery was determined with and without occlusion of the common carotid artery, the external carotid artery above and below the origin of the linguo-fac ... | 1982 | 6815116 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis in a closed colony of baboons (papio ursinus). | an outbreak of tuberculosis in a nonhuman primate colony involved 11 of 91 (12.1%) baboons (papio ursinus). tuberculin tests identified 80%, x-ray screening 10% and throat swab bacteriology 30% of diseased animals. cough was a misleading indicator of tuberculosis. stress resulting from experimental interference with animals was unrelated to disease development. twice as many females as males were attacked. screening and prophylactic, therapeutic and preventive measures are discussed. | 1983 | 6865319 |
| [new data on the dipetalonema lineage (filarioidea, nematoda)]. | the evolutionary line of dipetalonema can apparently be divided into four groups: i: australian species; ii: paleoendemic south american species; iii: the tetrapetalonema group; iv: the acanthocheilonema group. loxodontofilaria at present insufficiently known to be classified and several species belonging to the acanthocheilonema group are the object of the present study. descriptions are given of loxodontofilaria asiatica n. sp., parasite of elephas indicus in burma, cercopithifilaria degraaffi ... | 1982 | 6891995 |
| arthroplasty by osteocartilaginous graft in primates. | joint surface grafting has evolved from use of cadaveric materials preserved chemically and physically, to viable allogeneic and autogenic grafts in nearly a century of surgical history. technical problems arising at the interface between foreign substances and living tissues has limited engineering arthroplasty such that a biological grafting process is eagerly sought. if successful with long periods of joint functioning, the scope of application to human victims of trauma, disease, and tumors ... | 1982 | 7075075 |
| a comparative study of culturally transmitted patterns of feeding habits in the chacma baboon papio ursinus and the vervet monkey cercopithecus aethiops. | japanese workers have studied social acquisition patterns of new feeding habits in macaca fuscata which they have termed precultural. the present study investigates the same phenomenon in the chacma baboon and the vervet monkey in their natural habitat. the questions addressed are: (1) how a new feeding habit enters a troop and by which age and sex category, also how it is propagated? (2) when individuals are permitted with a choice between palatable and unpalatable food, can they learn by demon ... | 1981 | 7319426 |
| a reassessment of the karyotype of papio ursinus. homoeology between human chromosome 15 and 22 and a characteristic submetacentric baboon chromosome. | the giemsa-banded karyotype of the chacma baboon, papio ursinus, was shown to be identical to that of papio hamadryas. comparison of g-banded p. ursinus (pur) chromosomes with those of man (hsa) showed close morphological homoeology between pur and hsa chromosomes 5, 8, 12, 19, and x, and partial homology for seven and 22 and was the only papio chromosome containing a nucleolar organizer region (nor). this baboon chromosome, therefore, shows genetic homoeology with human acrocentrics for a least ... | 1980 | 7449436 |
| the presence of alpha-glucosidase, glycerophosphocholine and carnitine in the epididymis and ejaculate of the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) and the chacma baboon (papio ursinus). | the epididymis is the site of posttesticular sperm maturation in the male genital tract. studies on human epididymides are hampered by the practical inaccessibility of epididymides of healthy men in their reproductive years. the limited use of laboratory animals therefore seems unavoidable. the objective was to establish baseline values of the epididymal markers alpha-glucosidase, glycerophosphocholine (gpc) and carnitine in the lumen of the caput, corpus and cauda epididymidis and in the ejacul ... | 1995 | 7486036 |
| sensitivity of baboon lymphocytes to cyclosporin a and fk 506: relative resistance of alloactivated cells to cya. | the interspecies differences in cya pharmacokinetics necessitate the establishment of optimal immunosuppressive doses in the baboon, especially as its use as host for preclinical xenografts is anticipated. we assessed the immunosuppressive effects of cya and fk 506 on lymphocytes from chacma baboons, using human cells for comparison. at concentrations up to 100 mumol/l, neither drug was toxic to lymphocytes. fk 506 inhibited baboon and human lymphocyte proliferation and il-2 synthesis equally. i ... | 1994 | 7527639 |
| observations on the ascending aortic fold in two chacma baboons (papio hamadryas ursinus). | baboons (papio) were used to study the ascending aortic fold. the fold was present in two out of 20 hearts examined. its position and shape was comparable to that observed in human subjects. the principal difference was the absence of paraganglia. the functional role of the baboon fold is unclear. | 1994 | 7897641 |
| in vivo modulation of coagulation and fibrinolysis by recombinant glycosylated human interleukin-6 in baboons. | to assess the effect of interleukin-6 (il-6) on the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems, we administered a single subcutaneous injection of recombinant glycosylated human interleukin-6 (r-hil-6) 100 micrograms per kg body weight) to four baboons (papio ursinus). four saline injected baboons served as controls. in serial plasma or serum samples collected over a period of seven days we measured several key parameters of the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems, il-6 and a set of acute pha ... | 1994 | 7948765 |
| malignant mesothelioma induced in baboons by inhalation of amosite asbestos. | ten out of 12 south african baboons (papio ursinus) survived exposure to amosite asbestos dust for periods ranging from 242 days to 898 days at an aerosol level ranging between 1,100 and 1,200 fibers per milliliter. after exposure, they were kept under observation until they died; the total residence time of amosite varied from 1.2-10.2 years. all underwent detailed postmortem necropsy examinations. all baboons had asbestosis. five of the baboons developed malignant diffuse mesothelioma; three p ... | 1993 | 8311096 |
| histomorphometry of iliac crest trabecular bone in adult male baboons in captivity. | data in the literature on bone histomorphometry in the baboon are scant. this study provides data from analysis of trabecular bone of the iliac crest of 16 adult male chacma baboons (papio ursinus) in captivity. five animals were young adults judging by the presence of growth cartilage in the iliac crest biopsy. bone volume resembled that in humans, but trabeculae were thinner and more closely spaced. bone turnover appeared somewhat lower than in humans. coupling of resorption and formation was ... | 1993 | 8369993 |
| initiation of heterotopic osteogenesis in primates after chromatographic adsorption of osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, onto porous hydroxyapatite. | the chromatographic adsorption of partially purified osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein (bmp), onto porous hydroxyapatites for the construction of an osteogenic delivery system was investigated. osteogenin fractions, with osteogenic activity in rats, were chromatographically adsorbed onto porous hydroxyapatites and implanted intramuscularly in baboons (papio ursinus). histology showed extensive bone differentiation within the porous spaces as early as 30 days after implantation in baboons. ... | 1993 | 8390243 |
| reconstruction of the bone--bone marrow organ by osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, and demineralized bone matrix in calvarial defects of adult primates. | information concerning the efficacy of osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, and demineralized bone matrix in orthotopic sites in nonhuman primates is a prerequisite for potential clinical application in humans. after exposure of the calvaria, 84 cranial defects, 25 mm in diameter, were prepared in 26 adult male baboons (papio ursinus). defects were implanted with insoluble collagenous bone matrix (icbm, the inactive collagenous residue after dissociative extraction of bone matrix with 4 m g ... | 1993 | 8416537 |
| baboon (papio ursinus) cathepsin l: purification, characterization and comparison with human and sheep cathepsin l. | cathepsin l was purified from the liver of a higher primate, the baboon (papio ursinus), largely in a single-chain form and in the form of proteolytically active complexes with an endogenous cystatin. this mimics the situation found in both human and sheep livers. both forms of cathepsin l were active at physiological ph. physicochemical characterization and n-terminal amino sequencing of baboon cathepsin l showed a close relationship with the human enzyme. cystatins with characteristics similar ... | 1995 | 8529021 |
| limited chondro-osteogenesis by recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta 1 in calvarial defects of adult baboons (papio ursinus). | the therapeutic utility of a single application of recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta (htgf-beta) has not been previously tested in large osseous wounds in primates. sixteen calvarial defects, 25 mm in diameter, were prepared in four adult male baboons (papio ursinus). in each animal, three defects were treated with increasing doses of htgf-beta 1 in conjunction with baboon insoluble collagenous bone matrix as carrier (5, 30, and 100 micrograms of htgf-beta 1/g of matrix). the fou ... | 1996 | 8797114 |
| induction of cementogenesis by recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hop-1/bmp-7) in the baboon (papio ursinus). | recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hop-1), a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family, was examined for its efficacy in periodontal regeneration. twelve furcation defects, surgically prepared in the first and second mandibular molars, were treated with bovine insoluble collagenous matrix in conjunction with 0.0 (control), 100 and 500 mu g of recombinant hop-1 per g of matrix. after 60 days of healing, histological and histometric analyses on serial, undemineralized sections cut at 7 ... | 1996 | 8833601 |
| changes in wga-lectin binding sites on sperm during epididymal transit in the chacma baboon (papio ursinus) and the vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). | epididymal maturation of sperm entails molecular changes to the sperm plasma membrane. these changes are reflected by changes in lectin binding. the wheat germ agglutinin (wga) lectin was used, since it binds to acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, which are involved in sperm function. the objective was to study changes in wga-lectin binding during epididymal passage and in the ejaculate of the chacma baboon and vervet monkey. the intensity and location of lectin binding on sperm from the ejaculat ... | 1996 | 8907669 |
| tuberculosis in buffaloes (syncerus caffer) in the kruger national park: spread of the disease to other species. | tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, was recently diagnosed in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), two lions (panthera leo) and a chacma baboon (papio ursinus) from the kruger national park (knp). it is assumed that they contracted the disease directly or indirectly from tuberculous buffaloes in the park. tuberculous granulomatous lesions in the lungs were extensive and constituted the predominant changes in all three animal species. these pulmonary lesions included tuberculous bronchiolitis a ... | 1996 | 8917861 |
| complete regeneration of bone in the baboon by recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hop-1, bone morphogenetic protein-7). | we examined the efficacy of a single application of recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hop-1, bone morphogenetic protein-7) for its ability to regenerate large calvarial defects in adult male baboons (papio ursinus). recombinant hop-1, in conjunction with baboon or bovine guanidinium-extracted insoluble collagenous bone matrix (0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 mg per g of collagenous matrix as carrier), was implanted in 46 calvarial defects surgically prepared in 14 baboons, whilst 18 defects were implante ... | 1996 | 8919034 |
| absence of renal vein valves in humans and baboons. | there is disagreement on the presence of renal vein valves. cadaveric anatomical and radiological studies were undertaken on renal veins to determine their presence. no valves were demonstrated in the samples studied (56 adult human, 11 fetal and 11 chacma baboon kidney pairs). the significance and reasons for this disagreement are discussed. | 1996 | 8931863 |
| osteoinduction in porous hydroxyapatite implanted in heterotopic sites of different animal models. | previous studies have demonstrated the induction of bone in coral-derived porous hydroxyapatite when implanted intramuscularly in baboons. this hydroxyapatite-induced bone differentiation model was used to study the effect of different animal species on heterotopic bone formation. porous hydroxyapatite, obtained after hydrothermal conversion of the calcium carbonate exoskeleton of coral (genus goniopora), was implanted in the rectus abdominis of adult rabbits, dogs and baboons (papio ursinus). s ... | 1996 | 8962945 |
| sequence of the 11 beta-hydroxylase gene from the cape baboon (papio ursinus). | we investigated the nucleotide sequence of the steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase gene (cyp11b1) from the cape baboon (papio ursinus). six primers, previously used in studies on human cyp11b1, were utilised to amplify three overlapping fragments (a, b and c) of the baboon cyp11b1 by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). sequence analysis of the three fragments yielded the sequence of all the exons of baboon cyp11b1. the open reading frame of 1509 bases shows 57 nucleotide exchanges when compared to the ... | 1996 | 8969902 |
| distribution of endocrine cells displaying immunoreactivity for one or more peptides in the pancreas of the adult vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops). | our previous studies on the chacma baboon revealed that the most striking difference between islets of the ventral and dorsal regions of the pancreas was their content of a and pancreatic polypeptide (pp) cells with a cells predominating in the tail and pp cells in the uncinate and head. cells displaying dual immunoreactivity for both glucagon and pp were also observed. the objective of this study was to establish baseline parameters of the adult vervet monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) pancreas s ... | 1997 | 9066918 |
| endothelialized biological heart valve prostheses in the non-human primate model. | the main disadvantage of implanted cardiac valve bioprostheses remains primarily tissue failure due to calcification. coating of bioprostheses with viable autologous endothelial cells may delay or even eliminate tissue calcification and subsequent cardiac dysfunction. | 1997 | 9105815 |
| the acoustic features of vowel-like grunt calls in chacma baboons (papio cyncephalus ursinus): implications for production processes and functions. | the acoustic features of 216 baboon grunts were investigated through analysis of field-recorded calls produced by identified females in known contexts. analyses addressed two distinct questions: whether the acoustic features of these tonal sounds could be characterized using a source-filter approach and whether the acoustic features of grunts varied by individual caller and social context. converging evidence indicated that grunts were produced through a combination of periodic laryngeal vibrati ... | 1997 | 9165741 |
| the glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, and renal blood flow in the adult male chacma baboon (papio ursinus). | the radionuclide determination of glomerular filtration rate (gfr) and effective renal plasma flow (erpf) has been validated in man, but not in the primate. gfr, erpf, and renal blood flow (rbf) were measured in a group of 12 adult male chacma baboons using radiopharmaceuticals. gfr was determined using 99mtechnetium-labelled diethylenetriamine-pentacetic acid. erpf was measured with 131iodine-labelled hippuran. rbf, body surface area, and kidney weights were calculated using standard formulae. ... | 1996 | 9210022 |
| comparing mersilene* tape and stainless steel wire as sublaminar spinal fixation in the chagma baboon (papio ursinus). | the development of segmental instrumentation has been a major advancement in the treatment of spinal problems, but the use of sublaminar stainless steel wire (ssw) has not been without untoward effects. this study reports a comparison of mersilene* tape (mt) and stainless steel wire (ssw) used for sublaminar fixation in the chagma baboon (papio ursinus). a similar comparative study has not been reported, although the local effects of sublaminar ssw in the spinal canal have previously been descri ... | 1997 | 9234971 |
| prevalence of herpesvirus papio 2 in baboons and identification of immunogenic viral polypeptides. | the prevalence of herpesvirus papio 2 (hvp2) in several groups of captive and wild-caught baboons was determined by detection of anti-hvp2 antibodies in 133 sera of adult baboons. over 90% of newly imported (wild-caught) adult olive baboons (papio anubis) from kenya and chacma baboons (p. ursinus) from south africa were found to have anti-hvp2 titers. similarly, approximately 85% of captive breeding colony baboons (p. anubis and p. cynocephalus) were seropositive for hvp2. infected animals were ... | 1997 | 9241626 |
| radiation dose estimates of 186re-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate for palliation of metastatic osseous lesions: an animal model study. | a common complication in patients with breast or prostate cancer is bone metastases causing pain. new radionuclide therapy methods have recently been proposed for palliation, including 186re-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (186re-hedp). this paper reports on the local development of 186re-hedp and the biodistribution studied in animals for eventual use in patients. adult dose was computed assuming a 70 kg standard man. the 186re was labelled to hedp using standard techniques. the biodistribution ... | 1997 | 9259533 |
| innocuity studies of sag-2 oral rabies vaccine in various zimbabwean wild non-target species. | the sag-2 modified live rabies vaccine was tested for innocuity when administered by the oral route in several potential wild non-target bait-consuming species, as follows: ten chacma baboons (papio ursinus), six african civets (civettictis civetta), six slender mongooses (galerella sanguinea), six honey badgers (mellivora capensis), six large-spotted genets (genetta tigrina), 39 multi-mammate mice (mastomys natalensis), 26 bushveld gerbils (tatera leucogaster) and six pied crows (corvus albus). ... | 1997 | 9261938 |
| high glutaraldehyde concentrations reduce rather than increase the calcification of aortic wall tissue. | this study was performed in order to: (i) determine whether a similar reduction of tissue calcification as seen after prolonged storage can be achieved through higher concentrations of glutaraldehyde (ga); and (ii) verify that well-preserved tissue integrity can suppress calcification. | 1997 | 9330172 |
| the brachial plexus in the chacma baboon (papio ursinus). | the brachial plexus in each of ten embalmed, mature chacma baboons was dissected to document the structure and branching pattern of this nerve plexus in this increasingly used research animal. in general, the brachial plexus in the chacma baboon was similar to the plexuses in the vervet and other old world monkeys. however, several aspects were comparable to those observed in domestic animals. thus the bipedal and quadrupedal abilities of the chacma baboon were reflected in the structure of its ... | 1997 | 9416570 |
| simian immunodeficiency viruses (sivs) from eastern and southern africa: detection of a sivagm variant from a chacma baboon. | simian immunodeficiency viruses (sivs) have been shown to infect many old world african primate species. thus far, no work has been published on southern african primates. in this study we investigated the genetic diversity between siv strains from kenyan and south african vervets (cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus). we amplified and sequenced a 1113 bp region of the env gene. phylogenetic analysis of these sequences showed that all strains clustered with members of the vervet subgroup of sivag ... | 1998 | 9680146 |
| transforming growth factor-beta 1: induction of bone morphogenetic protein genes expression during endochondral bone formation in the baboon, and synergistic interaction with osteogenic protein-1 (bmp-7). | certain members of the bone morphogenetic protein (bmp) and transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) families are inducers of endochondral bone formation in vivo. tgf-betas, however, do not initiate bone formation when implanted in heterotopic (extraskeletal) sites of rodents. here we show that platelet-derived porcine tgf-beta 1 (ptgf-beta 1) induces endochondral bone in heterotopic sites of the baboon (papio ursinus) at doses of 5 microgram per 100 mg of guanidinium-inactivated collagenous b ... | 1998 | 9714911 |
| evolutionary inferences of novel simian t lymphotropic virus type 1 from wild-caught chacma (papio ursinus) and olive baboons (papio anubis). | a serological survey of 22 wild-caught south african (transvaal) chacma baboons (papio ursinus) and eight olive baboons (papio anubis) from kenya indicates that 13 p. ursinus and one p. anubis have antibodies reacting with human t cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (htlv-1) antigens, whereas three p. ursinus had a indeterminate reactivity on western blot analysis. with six primer sets specific to either htlv-1-simian t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (stlv-1) or htlv-2 and encompassing long terminal ... | 1998 | 9813204 |
| the origin and pattern of distribution of the posterior intercostal arteries in the baboon (papio ursinus). | the posterior intercostal arteries of six female and four adult male baboons (papio ursinus) were investigated by latex injection and subsequent dissection to determine their origin and pattern of distribution. basic morphological and functional similarities with that of man could provide some base-line data pertinent to future experimental studies in the areas of thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic atherosclerotic lesion in man. basic similarities were observed between the baboon and man in the ... | 1998 | 9926981 |
| the midbrain dopaminergic cell groups in the baboon papio ursinus. | the present study evaluates the cytoarchitecture of midbrain dopaminergic regions in baboons using similar methodology to that recently applied to compare humans and rats. this information is relevant for the interpretation of nonhuman primate models of parkinson's disease (pd). the midbrains of four alpha male baboons were serially sectioned into 10 evenly spaced series of 50 microm sections. series were stained with either cresyl violet or immunohistochemically reacted for tyrosine hydroxylase ... | 1998 | 10078618 |
| a novel immunosuppressant, fty720, induces peripheral lymphodepletion of both t- and b cells and immunosuppression in baboons. | fty720, a new immunosuppressant active in transplantation models, modulates lymphocyte re-circulation, leading to peripheral lymphopenia and increased lymphocytes in lymph nodes and peyer's patches. here, we investigated the susceptibility of baboons to fty720 as an introductory study to transplantation protocols. | 1999 | 10608298 |
| interleukine-8 acts as a strong peripheral blood granulocyte-recruiting agent rather than as a hematopoietic progenitor cell-mobilizing factor. | intravenous infusion of interleukine-8 has been shown to lead to a rapid mobilization of hematopoietic cells in mice and rhesus monkeys. we report in this study that the il-8-mediated mobilizing effect results in low levels of circulating cd34+ cells, whereas a rapid and strong recruitment of mature granulocytes occurs. this would be of great interest for harvesting large numbers of functional granulocytes to fight infection in immunodepressed patients. we performed a kinetic study of the mobili ... | 1999 | 10634174 |
| susceptibility of chacma baboons (papio ursinus orientalis) to infection by hepatitis b virus. | because baboons are being considered as a source of xenografts for human liver transplantation in patients with hepatitis b virus- (hbv) induced cirrhosis to forestall infection of the graft by the virus, we undertook a study to ascertain if baboons are resistant to hbv infection. | 2000 | 10798766 |
| induction of endochondral bone formation by recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta2 in the baboon (papio ursinus). | members of the transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) superfamily, the bone morphogenetic and osteogenic proteins (bmps/ops) but not the tgf-beta proteins themselves, induce endochondral bone formation in vivo, when implanted in extraskeletal heterotopic sites of rodents. here we show that recombinant human tgf-beta2 (htgf-beta2) induces endochondral bone formation 30 days after implantation in heterotopic intramuscular sites of the baboon (papio ursinus) at doses of 1, 5 and 25 microg per 1 ... | 2000 | 10801076 |
| long-term evaluation of bone formation by osteogenic protein 1 in the baboon and relative efficacy of bone-derived bone morphogenetic proteins delivered by irradiated xenogeneic collagenous matrices. | to investigate the long-term efficacy of irradiated recombinant human osteogenic protein 1 (hop-1) in bone regeneration and morphogenesis, hop-1 was combined with a bovine collagenous matrix carrier (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg hop-1/g of matrix), sterilized with 2.5 mrads of y-irradiation, and implanted in 80 calvarial defects in 20 adult baboons (papio ursinus). the relative efficacy of partially purified bone-derived baboon bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps), known to contain several osteogenic p ... | 2000 | 10976999 |
| the rise and fall of tuberculosis in a free-ranging chacma baboon troop in the kruger national park. | a single troop of free-ranging chacma baboons (papio ursinus) was found to be infected with tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis. it is assumed that some members of the troop originally became infected when feeding on a tuberculous carcass in the veld or on tuberculous material scavenged at a nearby post mortem facility. subsequently, apparent aerosol transmission took place while sleeping in an unused room. oral transmission probably also occurred due to continuous contamination of the fl ... | 2000 | 11028747 |
| prolonged survival of baboon renal allografts using idarubicin-conjugated anti-cd4 monoclonal antibodies. | tolerance to organ allografts in rodents and pigs can be easily achieved. however, tolerance induction in a large primate model has been more elusive. in this study, we have used an anti-cd4, murine monoclonal antibody as a carrier for the cytotoxic drug idarubicin (ida) to delete or inactivate alloreactive t-cells responding to a renal allograft in a baboon transplant model. fourteen chacma baboons weighing between 15-25 kg received heterotopic renal allografts. recipient and donor pairs were s ... | 2000 | 11112059 |