| a survey of houseflies in bangkok and neighboring provinces. | a survey of flies in bangkok and neighboring province revelaed that among 8,675 flies collected there were 10 genera and 18 species of flies, eg. musca domestica, m. bezzii, m. conducens, m. nebulo, chrysomyia megacephala, c. rufifacies, phaenicia sericata, p. cuprina, sarcophaga ruficornis, s. peregrina, s. orchidae, s. albiceps, megaselia scalaris, lispe orientalis, anaclysta flexa, morellia hortensia, hemipyrellia ligurriens and orthellia coeruleifrons. musca mostly bred in low-protein conten ... | 1976 | 1027114 |
| analysis of centromere structure in the fly megaselia scalaris (phoridae, diptera) using crest sera, anti-histone antibodies, and a repetitive dna probe. | we have used crest anti-centromere sera, rabbit anti-histone antibodies, and repetitive dna analysis to study centromere structure in the fly megaselia scalaris (phoridae). in a panel of eight crest sera, four were positive in immunofluorescence experiments for prekinetochores, ie centromeres in interphase nuclei. the access of the antibodies to crest antigens may be compromised in the condensed state, since centromeres of prometaphase and metaphase chromosomes remained unstained. when western b ... | 1994 | 8054881 |
| megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) causing myiasis in crotalus durissus terrificus (serpentes: viperidae) in brazil. | we describe a case of myiasis in crotalus durissus terrificus (laurenti) caused by megaselia scalaris (loew). the snake was found in anhembi, sao paulo, brazil, with a lesion measuring 25 mm in diameter where the larvae of m. scalaris had penetrated the ribs. the opportunistic behavior of the larvae of m. scalaris is discussed. | 1999 | 10534959 |
| the first documented forensic entomology case in thailand. | the forensic entomology case described herein is the first such case documented in thailand. a mummified corpse of a 32-yr-old man was discovered in a forested habitat, with the larvae of six species of flies (diptera) found in association with the corpse at the time of its discovery, i.e., those of hydrotaea (=ophyra) spinigera stein (family muscidae), piophila casei (l.) (family piophilidae), megaselia scalaris (loew) (family phoridae), sagus sp. (family stratiomyidae), and larvae of two unide ... | 2001 | 11580050 |
| identification of forensically important fly eggs using a potassium permanganate staining technique. | fly eggs found in corpses can be utilized as entomological evidence in forensic investigations of deaths if the species of fly and the developmental rate at a temperature similar to the death scene are known. the species identification of fly eggs is particularly important, and previously, scanning electron microscope has been used for this purpose. herein, we report a simple technique, using light microscopy, to identify forensically important eggs of chrysomya rufifacies (macquart), chrysomya ... | 2004 | 15006363 |
| morphology of puparia of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae), a fly species of medical and forensic importance. | megaselia scalaris (loew), a scuttle fly, is a fly species of medical and forensic importance. for use in forensic investigation, fly specimens found to associate with human corpses have to be identified at species level. herein, we present the morphology of the puparia of the above fly species using scanning electron microscopy. the characteristic of the intersegmental spines along the dorsal and lateral segments and sculpture of the pupal respiratory horn of this puparia may be useful in futur ... | 2006 | 16323022 |
| peptidases and gp63-like proteins in herpetomonas megaseliae: possible involvement in the adhesion to the invertebrate host. | the cell-associated and extracellular peptidases of herpetomonas megaseliae grown in brain-heart infusion and in modified roitman's complex media were analyzed by measuring peptidase activity on gelatin, casein and hemoglobin in zymograms. casein was the best proteinaceous substrate for the peptidase detection on both growth conditions. however, no proteolytic activity was detected when hemoglobin was used. our results showed that cellular cysteine peptidase (115-100, 40 and 35 kda) and metallop ... | 2006 | 16500661 |
| forensic entomology cases in thailand: a review of cases from 2000 to 2006. | this paper presents and discusses 30 cases of cadavers that had been transferred for forensic entomology investigations to the department of forensic medicine, faculty of medicine, chiang mai university, northern thailand, from 2000 to 2006. variable death scenes were determined, including forested area and suburban and urban outdoor and indoor environments. the fly specimens found in the corpses obtained were the most commonly of the blow fly of family calliphoridae, and consisted of chrysomya ... | 2007 | 17647017 |
| sialoglycoconjugates in herpetomonas megaseliae: role in the adhesion to insect host epithelial cells. | herpetomonas megaseliae is a monoxenic trypanosomatid isolated from the phorid fly megaselia scalaris. in the present report, the expression of cell surface sialoglycoconjugates in this parasite was analyzed by western blotting, flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy analyses using lectins that specifically recognize sialic acid residues. a strong reaction was detected when parasites were treated with limax flavus, maackia amurensis and sambucus nigra lectins. analysis of crude protein extra ... | 2009 | 19459976 |
| an observation on the decomposition process of gasoline-ingested monkey carcasses in a secondary forest in malaysia. | this study was designed to mimic homicide or suicide cases using gasoline. six adult long-tailed macaque (macaca fascicularis), weighing between 2.5 to 4.0 kg, were equally divided into control and test groups. the control group was sacrificed by a lethal dose of phenobarbital intracardiac while test group was force fed with two doses of gasoline ld50 (37.7 ml/kg) after sedation with phenobarbital. all carcasses were then placed in a decomposition site to observe the decomposition and invasion p ... | 2010 | 21399577 |
| what can you do with 0.1x genome coverage? a case study based on a genome survey of the scuttle fly megaselia scalaris (phoridae). | the declining cost of dna sequencing is making genome sequencing a feasible option for more organisms, including many of interest to ecologists and evolutionary biologists. while obtaining high-depth, completely assembled genome sequences for most non-model organisms remains challenging, low-coverage genome survey sequences (gss) can provide a wealth of biologically useful information at low cost. here, using a random pyrosequencing approach, we sequence the genome of the scuttle fly megaselia s ... | 2009 | 19689807 |
| multiple colonization of a cadaver by insects in an indoor environment: first record of fannia trimaculata (diptera: fanniidae) and peckia (peckia) chrysostoma (sarcophagidae) as colonizers of a human corpse. | we describe here a case of multiple colonization of a male cadaver found indoors in the municipality of jaboatao dos guararapes, brazil. the body was colonized by six species of diptera: chrysomya albiceps, chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya putoria (calliphoridae), megaselia scalaris (phoridae), fannia trimaculata (fanniidae), and peckia (peckia) chrysostoma (sarcophagidae). the most abundant species were c. albiceps (65.0 % of all emerged adults) and c. megacephala (18.6 %). the case illustrates ... | 2014 | 24218014 |
| comparative fly species composition on indoor and outdoor forensic cases in malaysia. | forensic entomology refers to the science of collection and analysis of insect evidence in order to determine the minimum time period since death. this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of forensically important flies on 34 human remains referred to universiti kebangsaan malaysia medical centre over a period of three years. entomological specimens were collected at the death scenes and/or during autopsies. live specimens were reared into adults while preserved specimens were processed fo ... | 2017 | 27997861 |
| multiple species of scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) as contaminants in forensic entomology laboratory insect colony. | in forensic entomology, larval rearing usually includes the presence of biological contaminants including scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae). scuttle flies are recognized as forensically important insects and have been reported causing nuisance and contamination in laboratory environments. this paper reports for the first time the finding of multiple scuttle fly species affecting colonies of third instar larvae of the oriental latrine blowfly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphor ... | 2015 | 26695221 |
| forensic entomology of high-rise buildings in malaysia: three case reports. | the distributions of flies are not only confined to ground level but can also be at higher altitudes. here, we report three forensic cases involving dipterans in high-rise buildings in kuala lumpur, malaysia. case 1 involved a corpse of adult female found at the top floor of a fifteen-story apartment. case 2 dealt with a body of a 75-year-old female discovered in a bedroom on the eleventh floor of an eighteen-story building, while case 3 was a 52-year-old male found in his fifth floor shop house ... | 2015 | 26691258 |
| morphology and identification of fly eggs: application in forensic entomology. | fly eggs found in corpses can be used as entomological evidence in forensic investigation. this study aims to investigate the morphology of forensically important fly eggs. eggs of chrysomya rufifacies, chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya pinguis, chrysomya nigripes, hypopygiopsis tumrasvini, lucilia cuprina, lucilia porphyrina and musca domestica were examined using 1% potassium permanganate solution for 1 min. morphometric analysis revealed that the mean length of hy. tumrasvini (1.63 mm) and c. ... | 2013 | 23959498 |
| review of forensically important entomological specimens collected from human cadavers in malaysia (2005-2010). | forensic entomological specimens collected from human decedents during crime scene investigations in malaysia in the past 6 years (2005-2010) are reviewed. a total of 80 cases were recorded and 93 specimens were collected. from these specimens, 10 species of cyclorrphagic flies were identified, consisting of chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) -38 specimens (40.86%), chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) -36 specimens (38.70%), chrysomya villeneuvi (patton) -2 specimens (2.15%), chrysomya nigripes (aube ... | 2013 | 23756518 |
| occurrence of oriental flies associated with indoor and outdoor human remains in the tropical climate of north malaysia. | flies attracted to human remains during death investigations were surveyed in north peninsular malaysia. six families, eight genera, and 16 species were identified from human remains, with the greatest fly diversity occurring on remains recovered indoors. the total relative frequency of species was led by chrysomya megacephala (fabricius, 1794) (46%), followed by chrysomya rufifacies (macquart, 1842) (22%), sarcophaga (liopygia) ruficornis (fabricius, 1974) (5%), sarcophaga spp. (4%), synthesiom ... | 2012 | 22548537 |
| effects of temperature and tissue type on the development of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae). | the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae), is of medical, veterinary, and forensic importance. in the case of the latter, m. scalaris is commonly associated with indoor death or neglect cases of humans or household animals, and its larvae are useful in determining time of colonization (toc). this study is the first to examine the effects of different temperatures and tissues from two vertebrate species on the growth rate and larval length of m. scalaris a preliminary validat ... | 2016 | 27026159 |
| myiasis by megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) in a python affected by pulmonitis. | myiases are caused by the presence of maggots in vertebrate tissues and organs. myiases have been studied widely in humans, farm animals, and pets, whereas reports of myiasis in reptiles are scarce. we describe a case of myiasis caused by the megaselia scalaris (loew) in an indian python (python molurus bivittatus, kuhl) (ophida: boidae). the python, 15 yr old, born and reared in a terrarium in the mainland of venice (italy), was affected by diffuse, purulent pneumonia caused by burkholderia cep ... | 2013 | 23427672 |
| large pathogen screening reveals first report of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) parasitizing apis mellifera intermissa (hymenoptera: apidae). | as it is most likely that global warming will also lead to a shift in pollinator-habitats northwards, the study of southern species becomes more and more important. pathogen screenings in subspecies of apis mellifera capable of withstanding higher temperatures, provide an insight into future pathogen host interactions. screenings in different climate regions also provide a global perspective on the prevalence of certain pathogens. in this project, we performed a pathogen screening in apis mellif ... | 2016 | 27130035 |
| megaselia scalaris reared on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus laboratory cultures. | different laboratory cultures of the acarine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1888) (ixodida: ixodidae) were infested by small megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera: phoridae) flies. larvae of this species exhibited opportunistic parasitism predominantly on engorged female ticks, causing severe damage to their cuticle through which the flies were able to reach r. microplus internal organs, on which they fed until developing into pupae in the tick's remains. the flies were ... | 2010 | 21143490 |
| bioactivity of latex from euphorbia splendens var. hislopii (euphorbiaceae) on post-embryonic development of megaselia scalaris (phoridae). | larvae of megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) feed on a wide range of decomposing organic matter and present a great importance to public health. this study evaluated the effect of crude latex extract from euphorbia splendens var. hislopii (euphorbiaceae) on post-embryonic development time of m. scalaris under laboratory conditions. the latex was used in its crude lyophilized form, dissolved in distilled water and tested in concentrations of 5 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml and 20 microg/ml. the latex was ... | 2010 | 20627417 |
| molecular identification of carrion-breeding scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) using coi barcodes. | entomological evidence is often used in forensic cases for post-mortem interval (pmi) calculation. the most dominant species present on a corpse are typically blowflies. however, several cases have been reported where access to a corpse has been restricted for blowflies (e.g., on a buried or wrapped cadavers) but species of the family phoridae were abundant. it has also been reported that some phorid species that exploit human corpses may also feature in cases of myiasis acquired ante-mortem. in ... | 2010 | 20195623 |
| a laboratory-based study for first documented case of urinary myiasis caused by larvae of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) in saudi arabia. | megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) is one of the medically important insects. maggots from a urine sample of a 5-year-old saudi girl were examined microscopically for identification. these maggots were cultured to become adult flies. larvae and adults were identified using standard keys. protozoan flagellates were obtained from the gut of the larvae. this is the first report of m. scalaris as a causative agent of urinary human myiasis in saudi arabia. | 2008 | 18344675 |
| first record of megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae) infesting laboratory colonies of triatoma brasiliensis neiva (hemiptera: reduviidae). | megaselia scalaris (loew) is a cosmopolitan and synanthropic scuttle fly, eclectic in its feeding habits and acts as detritivore, parasite, facultative parasite, and parasitoid. here we report for the first time m. scalaris infesting laboratory colonies of triatoma brasiliensis neiva, the most important chagas disease vector in semiarid areas of brazil. m. scalaris larvae were found feeding inside bugs; pupae were found in the esophagus and intestinal regions of t. brasiliensis through dissectio ... | 2007 | 18246279 |
| a checklist of arthropods associated with rat carrion in a montane locality of northern venezuela. | this is the first report of arthropods associated with carrion in venezuela, using laboratory bred rats (rattus norvegicus). rat carcasses were exposed to colonization by arthropods in neighboring montane savanna and cloud forest habitats in the state of miranda. the taxonomic composition of the arthropods varied between both ecosystems. scarabaeidae, silphidae, micropezidae, phoridae, vespidae and one species of ant, were collected only in the cloud forest. dermestes maculatus, chrysomya albice ... | 2008 | 17386987 |
| biological and ecological studies on the myiasis producing larvae of megaselia scalaris with special morphology by scanning electron microscopy. | laboratory study was conducted on the biology of the phorid fly megaselia sacalaris. the influence of 3 constant temperatures and various larval densities was researched in the laboratory as these relate to mean life stage rate of development and survival. flay development on a synthetic diet at 25 degrees c. 75=2% rh and 18 hr photophase was used as the standard. mean times for development and survival were egg incubation 16.3 h (97.6%); larval period 7.3 days (97.6%); pupal period 9.8 days (95 ... | 2006 | 16927870 |
| megaselia scalaris causing human intestinal myiasis in egypt. | megaselia scalaris is a worldwide distributed insect of medical importance. in a laboratory-based study, stool samples with undefined maggot infestation were examined and the presence of m. scalaris maggots was confirmed. binocular stereo-microscopy was used for identification of the maggots. larvae were allowed to develop into adults onto a human stool culture. the larvae and the emerged flies were identified using standard keys. this may be the first report of m. scalaris as a causative agent ... | 2005 | 15881016 |
| observations on first and second-instar larvae of megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae). | the ultrastructure of the first and second-instar larvae of megaselia scalaris (loew) was studied using scanning electron microscopy (sem). significant changes in morphological features were observed in the anterior and posterior spiracles, but only minimal changes in the labium and mouthhooks were seen. the ultrastructure of m. scalaris larvae not only provides chronological transformation of their larval instars, but it can also be used to explain their feeding behavior and mode of respiration ... | 2004 | 15266744 |
| myiasis in kuwait: nosocomial infections caused by lucilia sericata and megaselia scalaris. | myiasis, the invasion of live human tissue by larvae of diptera, is reported in the nasopharynx and a leg wound in two patients who were hospitalized for more than 72 hours in mubarak al-kabeer teaching hospital in kuwait city, kuwait. on the fourth and fifth days after a 10-year-old kuwaiti boy was admitted to the hospital intensive care unit in a bloodied and comatose state following a traffic accident, 'worms' that came out of his nostrils were fixed, cleared, and identified as second and thi ... | 2004 | 15100451 |
| sex determination in flies, fruitflies and butterflies. | sex determination mechanisms, differing in their modality, are widely represented in all the various animal taxa, even at the intraspecific level. within the highly diversified class insecta, drosophila has been used to unravel the mechanistic molecular and genetic interactions that are involved in sex determination. indeed, the molecularly characterized genes of the drosophila sex determination hierarchy x:a > sxl > tra > dsx have been fruitful starting points in the cloning of homologous genes ... | 2002 | 12484523 |
| ttagg telomeric repeats in chromosomes of some insects and other arthropods. | we studied the occurrence of the ttagg telomere repeats by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) and southern hybridization in ten insect species and two other arthropods. (ttagg)n-containing telomeres were found in three lepidoptera species, the silkworm bombyx mori (in which the telomeric sequence was recently discovered), the flour moth ephestia kuehniella, and the wax moth galleria mellonella, in one species of hymenoptera, the honey bee apis mellifera, in one species of coleoptera, the ... | 1999 | 10560968 |
| molecular differentiation of sex chromosomes probed by comparative genomic hybridization. | comparative genomic hybridization (cgh) was used to identify and probe sex chromosomes in several xy and wz systems. chromosomes were hybridized simultaneously with fluorx-labelled dna of females and cy3-labelled dna of males in the presence of an excess of cot-1 dna or unlabelled dna of the homogametic sex. cgh visualized the molecular differentiation of the x and y in the house mouse, mus musculus, and in drosophila melanogaster: while autosomes were stained equally by both probes, the x and y ... | 1999 | 10398846 |
| forensic use of megaselia abdita and m. scalaris (phoridae: diptera): case studies, development rates, and egg structure. | megaselia abdita schmitz is reported from human corpses in 2 forensic cases in chicago, il. this fly has not been recorded in the nearctic region before these occurrences. descriptions of the death scenes and the insect indicators are given, as are developmental schedules and descriptions of the eggs of m. abdita and megaselia scalaris (loew). the presence of either fly on the body, together with blowflies or other insects, could contribute to a determination of the postmortem interval. given th ... | 1998 | 9615535 |
| biosynthesis of the novel fatty acid, 17-methyl-cis-9,10-methyleneoctadecanoic acid, by the parasitic protozoan, herpetomonas megaseliae. | herpetomonas megaseliae, a flagellate protozoan parasite of the gut of a dipteran, megaselia scalaris, is shown by chromatographic, spectrometric and radiotracer methods to synthesize de novo an iso-branched chain cyclopropane fatty acid, 17-methyl-cis-9,10-methyleneoctadecanoic acid. | 1983 | 6633165 |
| predators of the tick amblyomma variegatum (acari: ixodidae) in guadeloupe, french west indies. | some vertebrate species in guadeloupe are predators of free or parasitic stages of amblyomma variegatum (fabricius). among birds, 1.9% of the 421 identified animals found in the stomachs of grackles (quiscalus lugubris), 1.6% of the 364 animals found in the stomachs of free-ranging chickens, and 0.3% of the 4642 animals found in the stomach of cattle egrets (bubulcus ibis) were a. variegatum ticks. the most efficient predator of ticks was the tropical fire ant, solenopsis geminata, which was obs ... | 1991 | 1773677 |
| studies on the life history of megaselia scalaris (loew) in thailand. | the morphological, life-cycle, and experimental studies of megaselia scalaris were reported. this fly is commonly found both in urban and rural areas in thailand. it is easily identified and the humped thorax was the most distinct characteristic of the adult. the egg to the adult stage and the life span required 15 to 20 days for the male and 16 to 22 days for the female. experimental attempts to induce myiasis infection in laboratory animals were unsuccessful. | 1977 | 887997 |
| the sex-determining gene doublesex in the fly megaselia scalaris: conserved structure and sex-specific splicing. | the well-known sex-determining cascade of drosophila melanogaster serves as a paradigm for the pathway to sexual development in insects. but the primary sex-determining signal and the subsequent step, sex-lethal (sxl), have been shown not to be functionally conserved in non-drosophila flies. we isolated doublesex (dsx), which is a downstream step in the cascade, from the phorid fly megaselia scalaris, which is a distant relative of d. melanogaster. conserved properties, e.g., sex-specific splici ... | 2000 | 11195332 |
| cloning and functional characterizations of an apoptogenic hid gene in the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris (diptera; phoridae). | although the mechanisms of apoptotic cell death have been well studied in the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster, it is unclear whether such mechanisms are conserved in other distantly related species. using degenerate primers and pcr, we cloned a proapoptotic gene homologous to head involution defective (hid) from the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris (mshid). mshid cdna encodes a 197-amino acid-long polypeptide, which so far is the smallest hid protein. pcr analyses revealed that the mshid gene ... | 2017 | 27940109 |
| scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) inhabiting rabbit carcasses confined to plastic waste bins in malaysia include new records and an undescribed species. | scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) are small-sized insects of forensic importance. they are well known for diversified species and habitats, but in the context of forensic entomology, scuttle flies' inhabitance of corpses remains inadequately explored. with recent reports indicating the existence of more scuttle fly species possibly inhabiting these environments, a decomposition study using animal carcasses in enclosed environments was conducted. the aim was to record the occurrence of scuttle fl ... | 2017 | 28228921 |
| heterochronic shifts in germband movements contribute to the rapid embryonic development of the coffin fly megaselia scalaris. | the coffin fly, megaselia scalaris, is a species of medical and forensic importance and is increasingly being used for the study of genetics. postmortem interval can be estimated based on the life stage of m. scalaris recovered from corpses, therefore many studies have addressed the duration of each life stage. these studies demonstrate that embryogenesis completes significantly faster in m. scalaris than in the congener megaselia abdita and faster even than the 24 h needed for drosophila melano ... | 2014 | 25193503 |
| the true identity of copeland's aquatic scuttle fly (diptera: phoridae) from indiana and recognition of a sibling species from texas. | among the insects reported by copeland (1989) breeding in the waters retained by treeholes in indiana was a scuttle fly identified by w. h. robinson as megaselia scalaris (loew). it is here reported that in fact this fly, along with fresh material from illinois and missouri, is m. imitatrix borgmeier, whose type series was from puerto rico. an aquatic species reported from texas is recognized as a sibling species of m. imitatrix and is named m. hansonix disney, sp. nov. a single female from braz ... | 2009 | 22879679 |
| characterization of development, behavior and neuromuscular physiology in the phorid fly, megaselia scalaris. | the phoridae is known as 'scuttle flies' because they walk in rapid bursts of movement with short pauses between. in this study, larval locomotive behavior and development was characterized in the phorid, megaselia scalaris. comparison was made with the well-characterized fruit fly model, drosophila melanogaster. developmentally, the rate of maturation was consistently slower for megaselia than drosophila. this disparity was exaggerated at lower temperatures, particularly during larval developme ... | 2003 | 14511761 |
| evolution of the sex-lethal gene in insects and origin of the sex-determination system in drosophila. | sex-lethal (sxl) functions as the switch gene for sex-determination in drosophila melanogaster by engaging a regulatory cascade. thus far the origin and evolution of both the regulatory system and sxl protein's sex-determination function have remained largely unknown. in this study, we explore systematically the sxl homologs in a wide range of insects, including the 12 sequenced drosophila species, medfly, blowflies, housefly, megaselia scalaris, mosquitoes, butterfly, beetle, honeybee, ant, and ... | 2014 | 24271947 |
| marking with pigments for identification of flies in experimental populations of megaselia scalaris loew. | the insect marking technique of tadei & mourão (1976) is until now the only experimental method allowing real-age determination of each individual in a population and, consequently, determination of age structure in a given population. we propose an improvement of this technique, used here to determine the population age structure of the geographical strain sr of the megaselia scalaris loew (diptera; phoridae), maintained by serial transfer technique at constant temperatures 25 +/- 1.0 degree c ... | 2004 | 15462298 |
| estimation of population profiles of two strains of the fly megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) by bootstrap simulation. | based on experimental population profiles of strains of the fly megaselia scalaris (phoridae), the minimal number of sample profiles was determined that should be repeated by bootstrap simulation process in order to obtain a confident estimation of the mean population profile and present estimations of the standard error as a precise measure of the simulations made. the original data are from experimental populations founded with sr and r4 strains, with three replicates, which were kept for 33 w ... | 2000 | 11188867 |
| insect arrival pattern and succession on buried carrion in michigan. | this study examined pig carcasses buried at two different depths, 30 and 60 cm, to determine if insects were able to colonize buried carcasses, when they arrive at each depth, and what fauna were present over seven sampling dates to establish an insect succession database on buried carrion in east lansing, mi. thirty-eight pigs were buried, 18 at 30 cm and 20 at 60 cm. four control carcasses were placed on the soil surface. three replicates at each depth were exhumed after 3, 7, 14, 21, 30, and ... | 2013 | 23540133 |
| occurrence of pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (rondani, 1875) (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) as a parasitoid of megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera: phoridae) in brazil. | | 2007 | 18094843 |
| insect fauna of human cadavers in tehran district. | entomological data can provide valuable information for crime scene investigations especially in post-mortem interval (pmi) estimation. this study performed to determine insect fauna of human corpses in tehran district. | 2017 | 29322053 |
| surface ultrastructure of third-instar megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae). | we describe some ultrastructure of the third-instar megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) using scanning electron microscopy, with the cephalic segment, anterior spiracle and posterior spiracle being emphasized. this study provides the taxonomic information of this larval species, which may be useful to differentiate from other closely-related species. | 2002 | 12219132 |
| megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) can live on ripe bananas--a potential health hazard? | identification of larvae that inest bananas and investigating its habits. | 2002 | 12001616 |
| effects of contaminants of emerging concern on megaselia scalaris (lowe, diptera: phoridae) and its microbial community. | drought, rising temperatures, and expanding human populations are increasing water demands. many countries are extending potable water supplies by irrigating crops with wastewater. unfortunately, wastewater contains biologically active, long-lived pharmaceuticals, even after treatment. run-off from farms and wastewater treatment plant overflows contribute high concentrations of pharmaceuticals to the environment. this study assessed the effects of common pharmaceuticals on a cosmopolitan saproph ... | 2017 | 28811598 |
| morphological and molecular characteristic of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) larvae as the cause of urinary myiasis. | we report a case of urinary myiasis occurring in a 60-yr-old iranian male patient with urinary tract problems and a history of travel to thailand who was referred to shafagh medical laboratory in tehran (iran). larvae excreted in the patient's urine were confirmed by morphological identification key and dna barcoding to belong to the species megaselia scalaris loew, which is known as the scuttle fly. based on the patient's history, he was infected with m. scalaris in thailand. to the best of our ... | 2017 | 28399213 |
| chronobiological studies on body search, oviposition and emergence of megaselia scalaris (diptera, phoridae) in controlled conditions. | circadian clocks have evolved to synchronize physiology, metabolism and behaviour to the 24-h geophysical cycles of the earth. understanding the circadian clock mechanism could play an important role in forensic entomology because it temporally gates behaviour such as locomotor activities, feeding, mating, egg laying and adult emergence which could provide useful information for crime reconstruction. the scuttle fly megaselia scalaris colonises both exposed and buried bodies, whether indoors or ... | 2017 | 28366622 |
| developmental variation of indian thermophilic variety of scuttle fly megaselia (megaselia) scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera: phoridae) on different substrates. | the scuttle flies (diptera: phoridae) are important in forensic dipterology, because of their necrophagous habit. they are amongst the first wave of insects visiting human corpses in mechanically barricaded environments; hence their immature stages are generally used for estimation of pmi. the effect of different substrates commonly used for developmental studies was studied to analyze the variation of growth of the thermophilic variety of megaselia (m.) scalaris prevalent in india on gdm, edm, ... | 2016 | 27471604 |
| first record of urogenital myiasis induced by megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) from iran. | myiasis is the infestation of organs and tissues of human and animals with fly larvae. this article reports an 18 year-old man with urogenital myiasis, the passing of live megaselia scalaris larvae in the urine, from zanjan city, northwest of iran. we discourse the importance of diagnosis and management of urogenital myiasis in medicine. | 2015 | 26623439 |
| sex determination in the fly megaselia scalaris, a model system for primary steps of sex chromosome evolution. | the fly megaselia scalaris loew possesses three homomorphic chromosome pairs; 2 is the sex chromosome pair in two wild-type laboratory stocks of different geographic origin (designated "original" sex chromosome pair in this paper). the primary male-determining function moves at a very low rate to other chromosomes, thereby creating new y chromosomes. random amplified polymorphic dna markers obtained by polymerase chain reaction with single decamer primers and a few available phenotypic markers w ... | 1994 | 8005417 |
| expression profiling of heat shock genes in a scuttle fly megaselia scalaris (diptera, phoridae). | the phoridae are a family of small, hump-backed flies, dominating in post-fire areas. some of these flies are probably able to survive a fire as an egg, larva, or pupa, and may be adapted to the fire-altered environment at the genomic level. in this study, we describe the influence of short-term temperature treatment on the expression of seven heat shock protein genes in the third-instar larvae and imagoes of a scuttle fly megaselia scalaris-one of the cosmopolitan and polyphagous phorids. in te ... | 2015 | 26477614 |
| rearing the scuttle fly megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) on industrial compounds: implications on size and lifespan. | megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera, phoridae) is a cosmopolitan fly species used in forensic science, and has been developed as a laboratory model species. they feed on decaying corpses as well as a wide variety of organic matter, and previous studies have even found them feeding on liquid paint or shoe polish, suggesting the possibility that they could breakdown industrial compounds. to test this possibility, we fed m. scalaris on a variety of industrially obtained materials and found tha ... | 2015 | 26207192 |
| how big is your y? a genome sequence-based estimate of the size of the male-specific region in megaselia scalaris. | the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris, is often cited as a model in which to study early sex chromosome evolution because of its homomorphic sex chromosomes, low but measurable molecular differentiation between sex chromosomes, and occasional transposition of the male-determining element to different chromosomes in laboratory cultures. counterintuitively, natural isolates consistently show sex linkage to the second chromosome. frequent natural transposition of the male-determining element should l ... | 2014 | 25380730 |
| behavior of c-shaped microtubule endings in the cell. | the association of incomplete microtubule assemblies with either another incomplete structure or complete microtubules was studied in two organisms, the phytoflagellate polytoma papillatum and the phorid fly megaselia scalaris, using transmission electron microscopy. in the alga, hook-shaped appendages on cytoplasmic and spindle microtubules were detected. these resulted from the lateral association of a curved ribbon of protofilaments with the surface of a complete microtubular wall. in the fly ... | 1990 | 2225089 |
| urogenital myiasis caused by megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae): a case report. | a case of urogenital myiasis in a patient with transverse myelitis is reported from imphal, manipur, india. the larvae of megaselia scalaris lowe were recovered repeatedly from the urine of the patient and were reared to adult to facilitate identification. this is the first known case of urinary myiasis caused by m. scalaris in india. | 1989 | 2724321 |
| intestinal myiasis caused by megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae): a case report. | | 1988 | 3241077 |
| pupal age estimation of forensically important megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae). | in addition to causing myiasis in humans and animals, megaselia scalaris (loew) has been reported as a forensically important fly. the determination of a minimum postmortem interval (pmi) often relies on the determination of the age of the larvae and pupae. the pupal stage represents about 50% of the immature development time and the pupal age may therefore serve as an important tool in entomological minimum pmi estimation. the present study focuses on the key developmental processes during meta ... | 2014 | 24529784 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae). | more than 1400 scuttle flies species in worldwide comprise the megaselia genus, the largest genus in the family phoridae. the complete mitochondrial genome of megaselia scalaris, a medically important entomology was sequenced for the first time. the 15,599 bp circular genome contains the 37 genes found in a typical metazoan genome: 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna genes and 2 ribosomal rna genes. the mitochondrial genome also contains one non-coding a + t-rich region. the arrangement of ... | 2016 | 24491096 |
| interaction effects of temperature and food on the development of forensically important fly, megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae). | in forensic entomology, breeding of fly larvae in a controlled laboratory environment using animal tissue is a common technique to obtain insect developmental time for the estimation of postmortem interval. previous studies on growth media are mostly on the effect of different diets on fly development. however, the interaction effects between temperature and food type used have not been explored. the objective of this study was to compare the use of cow's liver agar and raw liver on the developm ... | 2012 | 22886544 |
| a case study of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) causing ocular myiasis in a western hognose snake. | late instar larvae of the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris loew, were found near the right eye of a live captive-reared western hognose snake, heterodon nasicus baird and girard. dissection and removal of the snake's dorsal cranial bones revealed tissue degradation of the infected eye, the optic nerve, and the brain case; we suggest that these factors contributed to the death of this snake. this case study further demonstrates the opportunistic behavior of m. scalaris. | 2011 | 21845957 |
| natural history of the scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris. | the larvae of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) exploit a broad spectrum of larval pabula. consequently, the species features in a range of situations that affect the resources or well-being of humans. furthermore, m. scalaris is readily cultured in the laboratory and is therefore favored as an experimental species for genetic, developmental, and bioassay studies. however, the extensive but widely scattered literature, reviewed herein, is frequently ignored by specialists, which gives rise ... | 2008 | 17622197 |
| new y chromosomes and early stages of sex chromosome differentiation: sex determination in megaselia. | the phorid fly megaselia scalaris is a laboratory model for the turnover and early differentiation of sex chromosomes. isolates from the field have an xy sex-determining mechanism with chromosome pair 2 acting as x and y chromosomes. the sex chromosomes are homomorphic but display early signs of sex chromosome differentiation: a low level of molecular differences between x and y. the male-determining function (m), maps to the distal part of the y chromosome's short arm. in laboratory cultures, n ... | 2010 | 20876997 |
| use of megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae) for post-mortem interval estimation indoors. | in forensic entomology, the determination of a minimum post-mortem interval often relies on the determination of the age of blow flies, since they are generally among the first colonisers of a corpse. in indoor cases, the blow flies might be delayed in arriving at the corpse. if the windows are closed, the attracting odour is confined and does not reach the flies, so that it takes longer for them to find and access the corpse. if blow flies are delayed or are unable to reach a corpse lying insid ... | 2010 | 20076971 |
| individual and joint actions of selenate and methylmercury on the development and survival of insect detritivore megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae). | despite the important roles played by insects in most ecosystems, surprisingly little is known about how anthropogenic pollutants or their mixtures interact to affect insect populations. the independent and joint actions of selenate and methylmercury on a ubiquitous insect detritivore, megaselia scalaris (loew), were determined in this study. ovipositing females did not distinguish between untreated food sources and those contaminated with toxic concentrations of selenate, methylmercury, or both ... | 2006 | 16418899 |
| developmental responses of a terrestrial insect detritivore, megaselia scalaris (loew) to four selenium species. | megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae) is an important and ubiquitous terrestrial detritivore that consumes both animal and plant material. because both plants and animals convert selenium pollutants into various forms, the relative toxicities of ecologically relevant concentrations of sodium selenate, sodium selenite, seleno-l-methionine, and se-(methyl) selenocysteine hydrochloride to larvae were assessed in diet bioassays. in addition, ovipositional preferences of adults and developmen ... | 2005 | 15943107 |
| description of the male genitalia of megaselia scalaris (lowe) an intestinal myiasis producing fly (diptera-phoridae). | | 1956 | 13441300 |
| ultrastructure of the ommatrichia in megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae). | using both scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission electron microscopy (tem), the ommatrichia, or hair-like processes that are located between the facets of the compound eye, were examined on an adult male megaselia scalaris (loew) fly. each ommatrichium was observed to be a tapering structure bearing a longitudinally grooved cuticle and are anchored tightly in flexible sockets. ultrathin sectioning and tem revealed a thick wall in the ommatrichia, and their function was proposed to ... | 2005 | 15629651 |
| a combined protocol for identification of maggots of forensic interest. | in forensic entomology the estimation of the age of insects is used for the estimation of the minimum post-mortem interval. as insect development is temperature dependent and species specific, a correct species identification is therefore fundamental. in the majority of cases the molecular identification is based on a destructive approach. in this paper a working protocol for molecular identification of fly larvae without affecting the anatomical characters used for morphological identification ... | 2016 | 27320399 |
| ovipositional response, developmental effects and toxicity of hexavalent chromium to megaselia scalaris, a terrestrial detritivore. | the effects of hexavalent chromium (cr vi) on ovipositional response, development, and survival of a common terrestrial detritivore, megaselia scalaris (diptera: phoridae), were assessed in the laboratory. ovipositing females did not discriminate between substrates containing 0, 50, 500, or 1000 microg/g, indicating a lack of avoidance behavior. eggs placed on artificial diets containing up to 1000 microg/g either did not absorb cr vi or were unaffected as measured by eclosion rates. however, de ... | 2004 | 15195809 |
| mouthparts of megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae). | mouthparts of adult megaselia scalaris (loew), a fly species of medical importance, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. sexual dimorphism of the labellum was observed in the mouthpart structures of this species. the labella of males were clothed with a dense covering of microtrichia, but these were found to be entirely absent from the labella of females. aside from this difference, trichoid and conical sensilla that are most likely used as taste or contact chemoreceptors appear on ... | 2003 | 14680919 |
| tromb, a new retrotransposon of the gypsy-ty3 group from the fly megaselia scalaris. | we describe tromb, a new ltr retrotransposon, from the phorid fly megaselia scalaris. three full-length copies (4226, 4160 and 4129bp) and a truncated one (319bp) have been isolated. the target site consensus is tatat, with a 4bp target site duplication tata. the ltrs are short (142bp) and contain a tata-box and a polyadenylation signal. the isolated copies are degenerate to different degrees and presumably inactive. the polyprotein coding sequence contains scattered stop codons and deletions/in ... | 2000 | 10974564 |
| expression of the sex determining cascade genes sex-lethal and doublesex in the phorid fly megaselia scalaris. | sex-lethal (sxl) and doublesex (dsx) are known to represent parts of the sex-determining cascade in drosophila melanogaster. we generated cdna probes of the homologous genes from megaselia scalaris, a fly species with an epistatic maleness factor as the primary sex determining signal. in northern blot hybridization of poly(a)+ rna, the m. scalaris dsx probe detected two bands, one of which had a sex-specific size difference, while the sxl probe bound to rnas of equal size in females and males. r ... | 1997 | 18464821 |
| insects and associated arthropods analyzed during medicolegal death investigations in harris county, texas, usa: january 2013- april 2016. | the application of insect and arthropod information to medicolegal death investigations is one of the more exacting applications of entomology. historically limited to homicide investigations, the integration of full time forensic entomology services to the medical examiner's office in harris county has opened up the opportunity to apply entomology to a wide variety of manner of death classifications and types of scenes to make observations on a number of different geographical and species-level ... | 2017 | 28604832 |
| sequence conservation and expression of the sex-lethal homologue in the fly megaselia scalaris. | sex-lethal (sxl) is drosophila melanogaster's key regulating gene in the sex-determining cascade. its homologue in megaselia scalaris, the chromosome 3 gene megsxl, codes for a protein with an overall similarity of 77% with the corresponding d. melanogaster sequence. expression in m. scalaris, however, is very unlike that in d. melanogaster. megsxl transcripts with a long orf occur in both sexes. differential splicing is conserved but not sex-specific. there are several splice variants, among th ... | 2000 | 10791828 |
| an x/y dna segment from an early stage of sex chromosome differentiation in the fly megaselia scalaris. | the sex chromosomes of the megaselia scalaris wild-type strain wien are homomorphic. we studied a roughly 1.8 kb x/y dna segment of this strain. it includes, at one end, the first part of a coding sequence for a protein of the vespid antigen 5 family. molecular differentiation between the x and y chromosomes has commenced, but homology, even of short dna stretches, is still assessable beyond doubt. the most conspicuous differences between the x and the homologous y segment were insertions/deleti ... | 1998 | 9644837 |
| the sex-determining region of the megaselia scalaris (diptera) y chromosome. | in megaselia scalaris (loew) the presence or absence of a male-determining factor, m, is responsible for sex determination. in two wild-type strains, m is located on the homomorphic chromosome pair 2. in the laboratory line except42 a new y chromosome was created by recombination between the original y and the original x chromosome. the except42 y chromosome has conserved the sex-determining function and four molecular markers of the original y chromosome, while 13 original y markers have been l ... | 1995 | 7704418 |
| new mutants and their chromosome assignment in the fly megaselia scalaris. | we describe six new mutants, spontaneous or ems-induced, and a previously isolated radiation-induced mutant of megaselia scalaris loew (diptera, phoridae). five are eye-color mutants, one affects the segmentation of the abdomen, and one disturbs the regular form and arrangement of ommatidia in the compound eye. a complementation test exposed two pairs of alleles among the five eye-color mutants, leaving three different loci that affect eye pigmentation. two of them influence the amount of xantho ... | 2013 | 8014462 |
| spermatid nucleus of megaselia scalaris loew (insecta, diptera, phoridae): a study using anti-histone antibodies, scanning electron microscopy, and a centromere-specific oligonucleotide. | the structure of elongated spermatid nuclei was examined in the fly megaselia scalaris using indirect immunofluorescence with anti-histone antibodies, scanning electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization with a centromere-specific oligonucleotide. the immunofluorescence experiments showed that, in keeping with the situation in most animals, histones are hyperacetylated prior to their displacement from the nucleus in the course of spermiogenesis. scanning electron microscopy revealed that groo ... | 1993 | 8352932 |
| structure, mitotic and meiotic behaviour, and stability of centromere-like elements devoid of chromosome arms in the fly megaselia scalaris (phoridae). | minute elements detected in megaselia scalaris (phoridae, diptera) lack chromosome arms but carry centromeres and possess kinetochore microtubules in mitosis as well as in meiosis. these centromere-like elements (cles) were present in two geographically independent strains of the fly. this indicates that their origin is not a recent event in the karyotype evolution of m. scalaris and that they are rather stable constituents of the karyotype. most often, two cles were found in gonial and somatic ... | 1991 | 1769280 |
| molecular differentiation of the homomorphic sex chromosomes in megaselia scalaris (diptera) detected by random dna probes. | randomly cloned dna fragments and a poly-(gata) containing sequence were used as probes to identify sex chromosomal inheritance and to detect differences at the molecular level between the homomorphic x and y in the phorid fly, megaselia scalaris. restriction fragment length differences between males and females and between two laboratory stocks of different geographic origin were used to differentiate between sex chromosomal and autosomal origin of the respective fragments. five random probes d ... | 1990 | 2209225 |
| developmental rate, size, and sexual dimorphism of megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae): its possible implications in forensic entomology. | cosmopolitan scuttle fly, megaselia scalaris (loew) (diptera: phoridae) is one of the commonest forensic species recorded colonizing human corpse indoors and in concealed environment. the occurrence of this species in such environments provides a higher evidential value to assist estimation of postmortem interval (pmi) compared to other forensically important dipterans. however, developmental and size data of m. scalaris are still lacking and they are derived from a limited range of thermal valu ... | 2014 | 24728523 |
| [a case of intestinal myiasis caused by larvae of megaselia scalaris (diptera, phoridae) in the congo]. | | 2013 | 7172362 |
| megaselia scalaris (lw.) (dipt., phoridae) for the bioassay of organophosphorus insecticides. | | 1969 | 5375523 |
| [genetic exchange in both sexes of megaselia scalaris]. | | 1967 | 5591272 |
| [competition between three types of sex determination in megaselia scalaris loew (phoridae)]. | | 1967 | 5584165 |
| [sex determination in megaselia scalaris loew (phoridae)]. | | 1966 | 5983100 |
| [mosaicism in megaselia scalaris by double fertilization]. | | 1964 | 14339935 |
| [the sex conditions of the phoridae megaselia scalaris and the problem of an alternating sex determination]. | | 1959 | 13853761 |
| [pairing conditions in both sexes of megaselia scalaris loew (= aphiochaeta xanthina speis) (phoridae)]. | | 1958 | 13604825 |
| reactions of seven basic fluorochromes with unfixed cells obtained from the salivary glands of the dipteran fly megaselia scalaris loew (phoridae). | seven basic fluorochromes with varying specificities were used to stain the large squamous epithelial cells isolated from the larval salivary glands of megaselia scalaris (phoridae). although the edta-based method selected for isolating the cells produced permeabilization and a loss of viability of the cells, consistent results were obtained with the various fluorochromes. the "classical" pattern of green nuclear and red cytoplasmic fluorescence observed in cells stained with acridine orange cou ... | 1986 | 3781889 |
| new records of forensic entomofauna in legally buried and exhumed human infants remains in buenos aires, argentina. | the study of carrion fauna associated with buried human corpses from a forensic perspective could provide useful information in criminal investigations. insects and other arthropods remains sampled of 44 legally exhumed infant skeletons from la plata (buenos aires, argentina). they were identified at different taxonomic levels depending on the state of preservation. the specific diversity, abundance and frequency were analyzed and each taxon was assigned to the hypothetical colonization sequence ... | 2017 | 28963944 |
| water balance characteristics of pupae developing in different size maggot masses from six species of forensically important flies. | the impact of maggot mass size on body water content, net transpiration rate, and dehydration tolerance of fly pupae was examined in six species of necrophagous flies. species that spent more time on food as larvae, produced pupae with high body water contents. dehydration tolerance limits of pupae were modest, matching the moisture-rich conditions of decaying carrion for larvae. protophormia terraenovae pupariates on food as it dries, and this was reflected by pupae having the highest body wate ... | 2013 | 23517617 |