| structure of inclusion bodies of cabbage black ring virus. | inclusions in cells of nicotiana glutinosa infected with a horse-radish strain of cabbage black ring virus (cbrv) were investigated on ultrathin sections. large amorphous inclusions contained cellular constitutents showing usually no pathological alterations. lamellar inclusions (bundles, circular inclusions, pinwheels), closely associated with endoplasmic reticulum, occurred frequently in areas of cytoplasm showing no vesiculation. sac-like structures composed of concentric lamellae were observ ... | 1977 | 15442 |
| [dioxohexahydrotriazine, a new synthetic antiphytoviral compound (author's transl)]. | this paper reports the first results of studies made to determine the antiviral activity of dioxo hexahydro triazine, a newly developed antiphytoviral compound. after treatment with dioxo hexahydro triazine, the concentration of helical potato virus x in leaves of nicotiana tabacum "samsun" was found to be considerably reduced in both the serological test and local lesion test conducted on nicotiana glutinosa at temperatures of 14 degrees c +/- 3 degrees c. in secondarily infected leaves, the re ... | 1979 | 473960 |
| further studies on the biology of an antiviral factor (avf) from virus-infected plants and its association with the n-gene of nicotiana species. | the antiviral factor (avf) from virus-infected plants, purified on polyacrylamide gels, could be labelled with radioactive phosphorus and its activity could be eluted from the gels. the radioactivity and the antiviral activity were co-purified and thus co-electrophoresed; hence, the previously reported radioactive zone (antignus, sela & harpaz, 1975) can be regarded as avf. the production of avf requires both the presence of the n-gene in the plant as well as virus infection. avf production is i ... | 1977 | 870617 |
| the inhibitory action of mineral oil on the number of local lesions on nicotiana glutinosa l. leaves inoculated with tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1975 | 1129952 |
| [electron microscopic study of double infection induced by potato virus x and potato virus y in nicotiana glutinosa]. | | 1975 | 1214639 |
| reducing agents interfere with the detection of lettuce necrotic yellows virus in infected plants by immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies. | a procedure is described for the detection of lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv) nucleocapsid protein (n) or envelope glycoprotein (g) by immuno-blotting with their respective monoclonal antibodies. the antigens can be detected in 1-10 mg of fresh tissue from systemically infected nicotiana glutinosa leaves showing prominent symptoms. the composition of the extraction buffer played a crucial role in the recovery of antigenically active proteins. procedures involving tissue extraction in the p ... | 1990 | 2370289 |
| differences in active site structure in a family of beta-glucan endohydrolases deduced from the kinetics of inactivation by epoxyalkyl beta-oligoglucosides. | the active sites of a spectrum of beta-glucan endohydrolases with distinct, but related substrate specificities have been probed using a series of epoxyalkyl beta-glycosides of glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, laminaribiose, laminaritriose, 3o-beta-d-glucosyl-cellobiose and 4o-beta-d-glucosyl-laminaribiose with different aglycon chain lengths. the inactivation of each of the endohydrolases by these compounds results from active site-directed inhibitor action, as indicated by the dependence of t ... | 1989 | 2494179 |
| indolinone derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. | 1-substituted aminomethyl-3-cyclohexylthiosemicarbazone-2-indolinones (i) were tested for their antibacterial activity against bacillus pumilis, bacillus brevis and bacillus megaterium and antifungal activity against aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus niger. the majority of the compounds were found to exhibit promising antibacterial and antifungal activities. these compounds were also screened for their antiviral action against tobacco mosaic virus in nicotiana glutinosa p ... | 1989 | 2501946 |
| tubular structures in cells of cucumovirus-infected nicotiana glutinosa leaves. | peculiar tubular structures about 250 nm in diameter were found in cells of nicotiana glutinosa leaves infected with a cucumovirus strain isolated from field-grown tobacco in southwest slovakia. | 1986 | 2881474 |
| bryodin, a ribosome-inactivating protein from the roots of bryonia dioica l. (white bryony). | bryodin is a strongly basic (pi greater than or equal to 9.5) glycoprotein (neutral sugar content 6.3%) with mr 30,000, purified from the roots of bryonia dioica (white bryony). this protein inhibits protein synthesis by a rabbit reticulocyte lysate with and id50 (concentration causing 50% inhibition) of 0.12 nm (3.6 ng/ml) and has much less effect on protein synthesis by whole cells, with id50 values ranging from 46 nm to 2.27 microm (1.4-67 micrograms/ml). bryodin acts by inactivating ribosome ... | 1986 | 3827858 |
| comparison of the effects of chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose and polyacrylic acid on the multiplication of phytopathogenic viruses. | polyacrylic acid (paa) and chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose (coam) inhibit the multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) in leaf disks by up to 50%. the reduction in tmv content is time-dependent and decreases with longer time intervals between the virus infection and the application of substances. the multiplication of potato virus x (pvx) in leaf disks is not affected by either paa or coam. in intact plants paa produces a strong antiviral effect on both pvx and red clover mottle virus (rcmv). t ... | 1985 | 4062284 |
| [ultrastructural modifications observed in the course of preparation of protoplasts from tissue cultures of tobacco (nicotiana glutinosa l.)]. | | 1972 | 4118302 |
| wound-healing as a factor in limiting the size of lesions in nicotiana glutinosa leaves infected by the very mild strain of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv-vm). | | 1973 | 4120910 |
| some conditions affecting the intracellular arrangement and concentration of tobacco mosaic virus particles in local lesions. | tobacco mosaic virus particles were found in small packets and in small numbers, with the electron microscope, in necrotic leaf cells of nicotiana glutinosa when the samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and postfixed in oso(4), and the sections were stained with heavy metals. the numbers and size of the virus packets were increased greatly when the leaves were detached from the plant after inoculation assay of concentration showed that detachment resulted in a 30-fold increase of virus. a simila ... | 1967 | 4863047 |
| a -i,3-glucan hydrolase from nicotiana glutinosa. i. extraction, purification and physical properties. | | 1972 | 5061994 |
| the effect of constant magnetic field on the character of local lesions in nicotiana glutinosa l. leaves produced by tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1971 | 5145415 |
| electron microscopy of nicotiana glutinosa leaf cells infected with potato virus x. | | 1970 | 5411189 |
| loss of ribosomes in nicotiana glutinosa l. infected with lettuce necrotic yellows virus. | | 1970 | 5424815 |
| [tobacco mosaic virus growth in tumors occurring in nicotiana tabacusm and nicotiana glutinosa after interspecific grafting]. | | 1965 | 5876467 |
| electron microscopy of dark green spots on leaves of nicotiana glutinosa induced by tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1966 | 5901782 |
| electron microscopy of tobacco mosaic virus in leaves of nicotiana glutinosa. | | 1966 | 5938883 |
| [the effect of antibiotics on the synthesis of viral rna in the leaves of nicotiana glutinosa infected with tobacco mosaic virus in vivo and in vitro]. | | 1966 | 6002854 |
| factors affecting the local lesion response of nicotiana glutinosa to lettuce necrotic yellows virus. | | 1967 | 6017398 |
| antiviral activity in plants of a mycoviral double-strained rna from trichothecium roseum. | hexagonal virus-like particles (vlps) measuring 45 nm across were detected in mycelial extracts from trichothecium roseum himachal strain, the source fungus for the production of t-poly (trichothecium polysaccharide), a known inhibitor of plant viruses. vlps were found to contain double-stranded rna (ds rna) and the purified ds rna was capable of inhibiting tobacco mosaic virus infection in nicotiana glutinosa plants. active preparations of t-poly were found to contain traces of ds rna, probably ... | 1981 | 6120644 |
| ribosome-inactivating proteins from the seeds of saponaria officinalis l. (soapwort), of agrostemma githago l. (corn cockle) and of asparagus officinalis l. (asparagus), and from the latex of hura crepitans l. (sandbox tree). | ribosome-inactivating proteins, similar to those already known [barbieri & stirpe (1982) cancer surveys 1, 489-520] were purified from the seeds of saponaria officinalis (two proteins), of agrostemma githago (three proteins), and of asparagus officinalis (three proteins), and from the latex of hura crepitans (one protein). the yield ranged from 8 to 400 mg/100 g of starting material. all proteins have an mr of approx. 30000 and an alkaline isoelectric point. their sugar content varies from 0 (pr ... | 1983 | 6667259 |
| 5'-dephosphorylated 2',5'-adenylate trimer and its analogs. inhibition of tobacco mosaic virus replication in tobacco mosaic virus-infected leaf discs, protoplasts, and intact tobacco plants. | the effect of the 5'-dephosphorylated 2',5'-adenylate trimer and its 2',5'-trimer core analogs on the inhibition of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) replication was determined in tobacco leaf discs, protoplasts, and whole tobacco plants, using infectivity tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. a structure-activity-metabolic stability-toxicity analysis of the 2',5'-adenylate trimer core molecule in tmv-infected nicotiana glutinosa was determined. modification at either the 6-amino position of th ... | 1984 | 6706968 |
| antimicrobial activity of 3-methyl-5-furfurylidene-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidones. | substituted 3-methyl-5-furfurylidene-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidones 1-17 were tested for their action against bacillus pumilus, b. brevis and b. megaterium and against aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus and a. niger. most of the compounds possessed an activity against both bacteria and fungi. these compounds were also tested for their effectiveness as virus inhibitors employing nicotiana glutinosa as assay host against tobacco mosaic virus. most of them exhibited potential antiviral activity both in vit ... | 1983 | 6832657 |
| dianthins, ribosome-damaging proteins with anti-viral properties from dianthus caryophyllus l. (carnation). | 1. dianthin 30 and dianthin 32, two proteins isolated from the leaves of diathus caryophyllus (carnation), were purified to homogeneity by chromatography on cm-cellulose. 2. the mol.wt. of dianthin 30 is 29 500 and that of dianthin 32 is 31 700. both dianthins are glycoproteins containing mannose. 3. dianthins inhibit protein synthesis in a lysate of rabbit reticulocytes, with an id50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition) of 9.15 ng/ml (dianthin 30) and 3.6 ng/ml (dianthin 32). they act by damag ... | 1981 | 7316958 |
| maternal inheritance of cytochrome f in interspecific nicotiana hybrids. | cytochrome f has been purified to homogeneity, as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, from the leaves of nicotiana tabacum, nicotiana glutinosa and their reciprocal hybrids. the cytochrome was extracted from chloroplast membranes by sonication in 2% triton x-100 and 4m urea and was subsequently purified by acetone precipitation and chromatography on ultrogel aca 22 in the presence of cholate and on sephadex g-200 in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate. the purified cytochrome had a ... | 1980 | 7449763 |
| efficient infection from cdna clones of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus rnas in a new plasmid vector. | full-length cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (cmv) cdnas were cloned into a new plasmid vector containing a modified plant virus promoter designed to transcribe the inserted sequence from its first nucleotide. cdna copies of cmv strain q (q-cmv) genomic rnas 1, 2 and 3 cloned into this vector were infectious when inoculated together, producing symptoms indistinguishable from those caused by wildtype q-cmv infection. the infectivity of the clones could be substantially increased by excision of the vir ... | 1995 | 7844568 |
| a pathway for the biosynthesis of straight and branched, odd- and even-length, medium-chain fatty acids in plants. | pathways and enzymes of fatty acid synthase-mediated, long-even-chain (generally c16-c20) fatty acid synthesis are well studied, and general metabolism involved in short-chain (c4-c7) fatty acid biosynthesis is also understood. in contrast, mechanisms of medium-chain (c8-c14) fatty acid synthesis are unclear. recent work suggests involvement of chain-elongation-terminating thioesterases in medium-chain fatty acid formation in oilseeds and animals. we have shown that iso- and anteiso-branched and ... | 1994 | 7972080 |
| comparison of the czech scrophularia isolate with the italian anagyris strain of scrophularia mottle virus. | scrophularia mottle virus (scmv) was newly found in the czech republic in scrophularia nodosa l. plants. the czech isolate (scmv-c) was serologically identical and similar in symptoms and host range to the italian anagyris strain (scmv-i). nicotiana tabacum l. cv. samsun, nicotiana glutinosa l., nicotiana tabacum l. cv. white burley, physalis floridana rybd. and cucumis sativus l. are described as new host plants of scmv. double-stranded rna patterns and the isoelectric point of this virus are c ... | 1994 | 8067309 |
| infectious eggplant mosaic tymovirus and ononis yellow mosaic tymovirus from cloned cdna. | eggplant mosaic virus (emv) and ononis yellow mosaic virus (oymv) are two tymoviruses that have ssrna genomes of about 6.2 kb and 6.3 kb, and which infect solanaceous and leguminous hosts, respectively. full-length cdna clones of these viruses were constructed with a t7 promoter adjacent to the 5' terminus of the dna copy of the viral genome, and with unique restriction endonuclease sites at the 3' terminus. this allowed rna to be transcribed from the dna encoding the genome. the transcript rna ... | 1993 | 8328917 |
| sequence-specific binding of protein factors to two independent promoter regions of the acidic tobacco pathogenesis-related-1 protein gene (pr-1). | gel shift mobility analysis, using the proximal 0.3 kb fragment of the tobacco pathogenesis-related protein 1a gene (pr-1a) and nuclear extracts from healthy samsun nn tobacco leaves, which do not produce pr-1 proteins, showed a broad shifted signal with low mobility. this signal was not detected with nuclear proteins from the interspecific hybrid of nicotiana glutinosa x nicotiana debneyi, which constitutively produces the pr-1a protein. similar shifted signals were detected with both proximal ... | 1993 | 8355654 |
| detection of dna and rna plant viruses by pcr and rt-pcr using a rapid virus release protocol without tissue homogenization. | a simple, single-step plant tissue preparation protocol suitable for the detection of viruses by the polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is described. the effect of buffer components and ph, and the incubation temperature for the release of virus from plant material was evaluated. a small amount of plant tissue was heated in a solution containing 100 mm tris-hcl, ph 7.4 or 8.4, 1 m kcl and 10 mm edta for 10 min at 95 degrees c and the supernatant used fo ... | 1995 | 8530569 |
| molecular cloning of a metallothionein-like gene from nicotiana glutinosa l. and its induction by wounding and tobacco mosaic virus infection. | the cloning and characterization of genes expressed in plant disease resistance could be an initial step toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of disease resistance. a metallothionein-like gene that is inducible by tobacco mosaic virus and by wounding was cloned in the process of subtractive cloning of disease resistance-response genes in nicotiana glutinosa. one 530-bp cdna clone (kc9-10) containing an open reading frame of 81 amino acids was characterized. genomic southern blot hybridi ... | 1996 | 8819331 |
| biological properties of pseudorecombinant and recombinant strains created with cucumber mosaic virus and tomato aspermy virus. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and tomato aspermy virus (tav) are closely related cucumoviruses. we have made pseudorecombinant viruses in which the rnas 3 of these two viruses have been exchanged and recombinant viruses containing chimeric rna 3 molecules, in which the coat proteins and the 3'-end regions of cmv and tav have been exchanged, giving rise to recombinants designated rt3 and tr3. the replication properties and the cell-to-cell and long-distance movement patterns of these pseudorecombin ... | 1997 | 9094632 |
| a ribosome-inactivating protein from amaranthus viridis. | an antiviral protein purified from the leaves of amaranthus viridis was named amaranthin. the in vivo antiviral activity of amaranthin was confirmed in tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) infection test on nicotiana glutinosa leaves. the molecular mass of the amaranthin was estimated about 30 kda by sds-page and the pi was measured as 9.8 by isoelectric focusing (ief) analysis. cytotoxicity of the amaranthin using in vitro translation inhibition assay was similar to that of pokeweed antiviral protein (pa ... | 1997 | 9339569 |
| a glycine-rich rna-binding protein gene is differentially expressed during acute hypersensitive response following tobacco mosaic virus infection in tobacco. | during efforts for cloning disease resistance-responsive genes, a cdna encoding a putative nicotiana glutinosa glycine-rich rna binding protein (ngrbp) was isolated from tmv induced cdna library. northern blot hybridization revealed that ngrbp gene is negatively regulated during early hours of tmv induced acute hypersensitive response (hr). under greenhouse conditions induced expression of ngrbp gene was observed after 24 h following tmv infection. salicylic acid and copper also induced ngrbp mr ... | 1998 | 9617823 |
| cadmium resistance in transgenic tobacco plants expressing the nicotiana glutinosa l. metallothionein-like gene. | to understand the function of metallothioneins (mts) in plants, we introduced the nicotiana glutinosa mt gene into tobacco (n. tabacum) plants via an agrobacterium mediated transformation. full-length mt cdna was fused between the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (camv 35s) promoter and the nopaline synthase (nos) terminator of the pmbp1 binary vector in sense orientation. tobacco leaf discs which were cocultivated with agrobacterium carrying the chimeric mt gene, formed kanamycin-resistant shoots o ... | 1998 | 9895119 |
| molecular cloning of a catalase cdna from nicotiana glutinosa l. and its repression by tobacco mosaic virus infection. | recent reports revealed that catalase has a role in the plant defense mechanism against a broad range of pathogens through being inhibited by salicylic acid (sa). during an effort to clone disease resistance-responsive genes, a cdna encoding catalase (ngcat1; nicotiana glutinosa cat1) was isolated from a tobacco cdna library. in n. glutinosa, catalase is encoded by a small gene family. the deduced amino acid sequence of the ngcat1 cdna has 98% homology with the cat1 gene of n. plumbaginifolia. t ... | 1999 | 10420993 |
| recombinants of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv): determinants of host range and symptomatology. | 117f and r are subgroup i and ii cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) strains, respectively. whereas i17f induces severe symptoms on all hosts so far tested, r induces generally mild symptoms, except on nicotiana glutinosa, on which it causes leaf blistering and severe stunting. pseudorecombinants and recombinants, based on rnas 1 and 2 from r-cmv, were created by adding either i17f rna 3 or one of two chimeric rnas created by exchanging approximate halves of rna 3 of the two strains. the viruses created ... | 1999 | 10470260 |
| stunting induced by cucumber mosaic cucumovirus-infected nicotiana glutinosa is determined by a single amino acid residue in the coat protein. | r-cmv, a subgroup ii strain of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (cmv) induces a very strong stunting response in nicotiana glutinosa plants, while trk7-cmv causes green mosaic in this host. the genetic determinant of this phenotype was mapped to a 534-nucleotide region at the 3' end of rna3 with biologically active, full-length cdna clones of r-cmv and trk7-cmv and rna3 chimeras of the two strains. within this region, r-cmv differs from trk7-cmv by a single amino acid at position 193 in the coat prot ... | 1999 | 10624018 |
| isolation and characterization of cdnas encoding ribosome inactivating protein from dianthus sinensis l. | to isolate a ribosome inactivating protein (rip) gene, six plant species were surveyed for antiviral activity. crude proteins extracted from these plants were tested for the antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) in nicotiana glutinosa. all the plants, spinacia oleracea, amaranthus lividus, dianthus superbus, dianthus sinensis and celosia cristata, with an exception of oenanthe stolonifera, presented 70-90% inhibition of viral infectivity. in an attempt to search for the rip gene ... | 2000 | 10850653 |
| a novel proteinase inhibitor gene transiently induced by tobacco mosaic virus infection. | a gene (ngpi) encoding a novel proteinase inhibitor (pi) has been isolated from tobacco leaves. protein encoded by the gene consists of 241 amino acid residues having a predicted molecular mass of 26.7 kda and a calculated pi of 8.7. a predicted n-terminal signal sequence followed by a vacuolar targeting signal and a peptide conserved in the kunitz type pis were identified. the deduced ngpi protein has sequence homology with aspartic and cysteine protease inhibitors. the gene is present as doubl ... | 2000 | 11004521 |
| amino acid residues in ribonuclease mc1 from bitter gourd seeds which are essential for uridine specificity. | the ribonuclease mc1 (rnase mc1), isolated from seeds of bitter gourd (momordica charantia), consists of 190 amino acids and is characterized by specific cleavage at the 5'-side of uridine. site-directed mutagenesis was used to evaluate the contribution of four amino acids, asn71, val72, leu73, and arg74, at the alpha4-alpha5 loop between alpha4 and alpha5 helices for recognition of uracil base by rnase mc1. four mutants, n71t, v72l, l73a, and r74s, in which asn71, val72, leu73, and arg74 in rna ... | 2001 | 11148047 |
| translational activation of encapsidated potato virus x rna by coat protein phosphorylation. | previously we showed that encapsidated potato virus x (pvx) rna is nontranslatable in vitro, but can be converted into a translatable form after binding to pvx particles of pvx-coded movement protein, the product of the first gene of triple gene block (tgbp1). here we report that a similar effect occurs via in situ phosphorylation of the pvx coat protein (cp) by ser/thr protein kinase (pk) c, the mixture of casein kinases i and ii or by cytoplasmic pk(s) from nicotiana glutinosa leaves. immunoch ... | 2001 | 11485414 |
| identification of essential active-site residues in ornithine decarboxylase of nicotiana glutinosa decarboxylating both l-ornithine and l-lysine. | the cdna encoding ornithine decarboxylase (odc; ec 4.1.1.17), a key enzyme in putrescine and polyamine biosynthesis, has been cloned from nicotiana glutinosa (genbank af 323910), and was expressed in escherichia coli. the amino acid sequence of n. glutinosa odc showed 90% identity with datura stramonium odc, and 44% identity with human odc. n. glutinosa odc did not possess the pest sequence [a sequence rich in proline (p), glutamic acid (e), serine (s) and threonine (t) residues] found in mammal ... | 2001 | 11736657 |
| purification and properties of antiviral proteins from the leaves of bougainvillea xbuttiana. | a non-phytotoxic, resistance inducing, proteinaceous antiviral principle was purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration from the leaves of bougainvillea xbuttiana. it imparted resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and sunnhemp rosette virus (srv) in their respective test hosts viz. nicotiana glutinosa, n. tabacum var. samsun nn, and cyamopsis tetragonoloba, respectively. the purified principle eluted as a single peak upon gel filtration, b ... | 2001 | 11886084 |
| evolution of 5s rdna unit arrays in the plant genus nicotiana (solanaceae). | nicotiana tabacum (tobacco, solanaceae) has two 5s ribosomal dna (rdna) families, one of unit length approximately 646 bp and the other -430 bp, that differ in the length of the 5s rdna non-transcribed spacer (nts). the long 5s rdna family, found on the t genome of tobacco and in nicotiana tomentosiformis, contains a gc-rich subregion that is absent in the short family. we designed primers for this subregion and generated a probe that we used against a range of nicotiana and related solanaceous ... | 2002 | 12033624 |
| expression of nicotiana glutinosa ribonucleases in escherichia coli. | we previously isolated from nicotiana glutinosa leaves three distinct cdna clones, ngr1, ngr2, and ngr3, encoding a wound-inducible rnase nw, and putative rnases ngr2 and ngr3, respectively. in this study, we produced rnases nw and ngr3 in escherichia coli and purified them to homogeneity. rnase ngr3 had non-absolute specificity toward polynucleotides, although rnase nw preferentially cleaved polyinosinic acid (poly i). both rnases nw and ngr3 were more active toward diribonucleoside monophospha ... | 2002 | 12036075 |
| purification and characterization of aavp, a protein inhibitor of tmv infection, from the edible fungus, agrocybe aegerita. | a protein with activity of inhibiting tmv infection on nicotiana glutinosa, named aavp, was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of edible fungus agrocybe aegerita by precipitation of 40%--80% saturation of (nh(4))(2)so(4) followed by deae-fast flow and s-200 column chromatography. the protein was proved to be homogeneous by sds-page and ief. analysis of the composition of amino acids showed that this protein contained no cysteine, poor in methionine and phenylalanine and rich in acidi ... | 2001 | 12050799 |
| novel n gene-associated, temperature-independent resistance to the movement of tobacco mosaic virus vectors neutralized by a cucumber mosaic virus rna1 transgene. | the n gene conditions for resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) but only below 28 degrees c. however, a tmv-based vector expressing green fluorescent protein (tmv-gfp) showed only limited movement at 33 degrees c in tobacco plants harboring the n gene and other genes cointrogressed from nicotiana glutinosa. tmv-gfp moved efficiently in tobacco plants that either lacked these genes or that contained the n gene but were transgenic for rna1 of cucumber mosaic virus. these findings identified nov ... | 2002 | 12438616 |
| guanine binding site of the nicotiana glutinosa ribonuclease nw revealed by x-ray crystallography. | ribonuclease nw (rnase nw), the wound-inducible rnase in nicotiana glutinosa leaves, preferentially cleaves guanylic acid. we expressed the cdna encoding rnase nw in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris using the expression vector ppic9k, and the resulting recombinant rnase nw (ryrnasenw) secreted into medium was purified to apparent homogeneity using column chromatography. the crystal structure of ryrnase nw bound to 5'-gmp was determined at 1.5 a resolution by molecular replacement with to ... | 2002 | 12484757 |
| expression of the telomeric repeat binding factor gene ngtrf1 is closely coordinated with the cell division program in tobacco by-2 suspension culture cells. | telomeres are vital for preserving chromosome integrity during cell division. several genes encoding potential telomere-binding proteins have recently been identified in higher plants, but nothing is known about their function or regulation during cell division. in this study, we have isolated and characterized a cdna clone, pngtrf1, encoding a putative double-stranded telomeric repeat binding factor of nicotiana glutinosa, a diploid tobacco plant. the predicted protein sequence of ngtrf1 (mr = ... | 2003 | 12646586 |
| a lectin with mycelia differentiation and antiphytovirus activities from the edible mushroom agrocybe aegerita. | a lectin named aal has been purified from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom agrocybe aegerita. aal consisted of two identical subunits of 15.8 kda, its pi was about 3.8 determined by isoelectric focusing, and no carbohydrate was discerned. being treated by pyrogultamate aminopeptidase, the blocked n-terminus of aal was sequenced as qgvniyni. aal agglutinated human and animal erythrocytes regardless of blood type or animal species. its hemagglutinating activity was unaffected by acid or ... | 2003 | 12689522 |
| infection of nicotiana glutinosa l. following injection of two strains of tobacco mosaic virus into a single cell. | | 1956 | 13392526 |
| a kinetic study of local lesion growth on nicotiana glutinosa resulting from tobacco mosaic virus infection. | | 1957 | 13496544 |
| polyphenol oxidase activity of nicotiana glutinosa leaves infected with tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1960 | 13755912 |
| some effects of ultraviolet radiation on the infection of nicotiana glutinosa leaves by tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1960 | 13797785 |
| action of hydrochloric acid on the infection of nicotiana glutinosa leaves by tobacco mosaic virus and by its nucleic acid. | | 1962 | 13910545 |
| differences in the early stages of infection of bean and nicotiana glutinosa by tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1963 | 13987872 |
| competition between infectious tobacco mosaic virus nucleic acid and intact virus on nicotiana glutinosa. | | 1962 | 14008513 |
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate concentrations in leaves of nicotiana glutinosa infected by tobacco mosaic virus. | | 1963 | 14096099 |
| the influence of kinetin on tobacco mosaic virus production in nicotiana glutinosa leaf disks. | | 1964 | 14187922 |
| [studies on the mechanism of rna synthesis in nicotiana glutinosa leaves infected with the tobacco mosaic virus]. | | 1964 | 14194902 |
| an electron microscope study of tobacco mosaic virus lesions in nicotiana glutinosa l. | ultra-thin sections of nicotiana glutinosa l. leaves inoculated with a concentrated solution of tobacco mosaic virus were made at short intervals from 0 to 78 hours after inoculation. eight hours after inoculation, the size of starch grains increased. this was followed by rupture of cytoplasmic and chloroplast membranes. at about 24 hours there was a great increase in number of mitochondria, which persisted until about 60 hours, when some became electron opaque while others appeared to disintegr ... | 1964 | 14245433 |
| movement of tobacco mosaic virus through epidermis of nicotiana glutinosa leaves. | | 1961 | 14458273 |
| genomic cloning of ribonucleases in nicotiana glutinosa leaves, as induced in response to wounding or to tmv-infection, and characterization of their promoters. | we previously cloned two distinct cdna clones, ngr1 and ngr3, encoding s-like ribonucleases (rnases) induced by wounding and tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) infection, respectively, in nicotiana glutinosa leaves. to gain insight into the regulatory mechanism of the rnase genes, we analyzed nucleotide sequences of the genes ngr1 (4.1 kbp) and ngr3 (5.3 kbp), containing their structural genes as well as 5'-flanking regions. the ngr1 gene is organized in three exons with two intervening introns, and ngr ... | 2003 | 14730135 |
| a distinct endogenous pararetrovirus family in nicotiana tomentosiformis, a diploid progenitor of polyploid tobacco. | a distinct endogenous pararetrovirus (eprv) family corresponding to a previously unknown virus has been identified in the genome of nicotiana tomentosiformis, a diploid ancestor of allotetraploid tobacco (nicotiana tabacum). the putative virus giving rise to n. tomentosiformis eprvs (ntoeprvs) is most similar to tobacco vein clearing virus, an episomal form of a normally silent eprv family in nicotiana glutinosa; it is also related to a putative virus giving rise to the nseprv family in nicotian ... | 2004 | 14988473 |
| a dnabeta associated with tomato yellow leaf curl china virus is required for symptom induction. | we report here that all 25 isolates of tomato yellow leaf curl china virus (tylccnv) collected from tobacco, tomato, or siegesbeckia orientalis plants in different regions of yunnan province, china, were associated with dnabeta molecules. to investigate the biological role of dnabeta, full-length infectious clones of viral dna and dnabeta of tylccnv isolate y10 (tylccnv-y10) were agroinoculated into nicotiana benthamiana, nicotiana glutinosa, nicotiana. tabacum samsun (nn or nn), tomato, and pet ... | 2004 | 15564504 |
| mimicking carboxyterminal phosphorylation differentially effects subcellular distribution and cell-to-cell movement of tobacco mosaic virus movement protein. | phosphorylation of tobacco mosaic virus movement protein (tmv-mp) at three carboxyterminal ser/thr sites negatively regulates tmv-mp gating function and viral spread in nicotiana tabacum but not in nicotiana benthamiana, indicating a host dependant inactivation strategy. here, we examine the effect of mimicking carboxyterminal phosphorylation on cell-to-cell transport of tmv-mp protein itself in host plants nicotiana clevelandii, n. benthamiana, nicotiana glutinosa and n. tabacum. since tmv-mp t ... | 2005 | 15680421 |
| identification of functional apple scab resistance gene promoters. | apple scab (venturia inaequalis) is one of the most damaging diseases affecting commercial apple production. some wild malus species possess resistance against apple scab. one gene, hcrvf2, from a cluster of three genes derived from the wild apple malus floribunda clone 821, has recently been shown to confer resistance to apple scab when transferred into a scab-susceptible apple variety. for this proof-of-function experiment, the use of the 35s promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus was reliable ... | 2005 | 15726316 |
| the conserved, 5' termini of rnas 1 and 2 of tomato aspermy virus are dispensable for infection but affect virulence. | the 5' terminus of each of the three genomic rnas (rnas 1, 2 and 3) of tomato aspermy virus (tav) begins with the sequence 5'-guuu, which is also shared by a number of other viruses. mutagenic analyses showed that the 5'-guuu sequence of rnas 1 and 2 of tav was dispensable for viral infection and did not prevent symptom induction. on the other hand, substitution of u at position 5 for g in rna 1, but not rna 2, induced veinal necrosis symptoms in nicotiana glutinosa. the mutants constructed incl ... | 2005 | 15744575 |
| cystatins may confer viral resistance in plants by inhibition of a virus-induced cell death phenomenon in which cysteine proteinases are active: cloning and molecular characterization of a cdna encoding cysteine-proteinase inhibitor (celostatin) from celosia cristata (crested cock's comb). | cystatins (cysteine proteinase inhibitors) have been recently used in plants as antiviral strategy against those viruses whose replication involves cysteine proteinase activity. we proposed an idea that cystatins may confer resistance by inhibition of a virus-induced cell-death phenomenon in which cysteine proteinases are active. to test this idea, a full-length cdna library was constructed from the preflowering stage of celosia cristata (crested cock's comb) leaves, and a cdna clone with cystat ... | 2005 | 15842197 |
| comparison of transient protein expression in tobacco leaves and plant suspension culture. | transient gene expression is being developed to provide a more rapid means of assessing plant tissues as a protein production platform without the labor-intensive and time-consuming process of generating stably transformed transgenic plants. transient expression of the gus-intron reporter gene was facilitated in three different tobacco species. two different approaches to t-dna delivery were compared: (1) infiltration of a prototrophic strain of agrobacterium into leaves and (2) coculture of pla ... | 2005 | 15932278 |
| [coexistence and competition of two satellite rnas of cucumber mosaic virus in systemic hosts]. | two cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) satellite rnas, namely yns and yi and of 385nt and 369nt respectively, were introduced to systemic host plants with a satellite rna-free isolate of cmv (cna), after in vitro transcription of satellite rnas from cdna clones and by co-inoculation with cmv genomic rnas. the competition and coexistence of the two satellite rnas were studied by rt-pcr detection, double-stranded rna analysis and sequencing comparison. the results showed that, in the inoculated leaves of ... | 2005 | 15989262 |
| cloning and expression of small cdna fragment encoding strong antiviral peptide from celosia cristata in escherichia coli. | a small cdna fragment containing a ribosome-inactivating site was isolated from the leaf cdna population of celosia cristata by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pcr was conducted linearly using a degenerate primer designed from the partially conserved peptide of ribosome-inactivating/antiviral proteins. sequence analysis showed that it is 150 bp in length. the cdna fragment was then cloned in a bacterial expression vector and expressed in escherichia coli as a ~57 kd fused protein, and its prese ... | 2005 | 16266271 |
| biological properties of beet mild yellowing virus derived from a full-length cdna clone. | a german isolate of beet mild yellowing virus (bmyv-ipp) was used for rt-pcr-based construction of the first infectious full-length cdna clone of the virus (bmyv(fl)). the complete genomic sequence was determined and displayed high similarity to the french isolate bmyv-2itb. the host range of bmyv(fl) was examined by agroinoculation and aphid transmission. both methods lead to systemic infections in beta vulgaris, nicotiana benthamiana, n. clevelandii, n. hesperis, capsella bursa-pastoris and la ... | 2006 | 16432033 |
| construction of an infectious cdna clone of ribgrass mosaic virus shanghai isolate and its modification to express an epitope of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | infectious cdna clones of the shanghai isolate of ribgrass mosaic virus (rmv) were produced by joining four overlapping cdna fragments and also in a single step by long template pcr. after inoculation of nicotiana glutinosa with either rna transcripts or the cdna under the control of the camv 35s promoter, plants developed typical symptoms, and viral coat protein could be detected in them by western blot analysis. however, compared to plants inoculated with purified viral rna, lesions were fewer ... | 2006 | 16596330 |
| purification of potato virus x and preparation of its antiserum. | potato virus x (pvx) isolated from the potato leaf and tuber samples which were collected from various fields in damavand and ardabil. the initial isolations of the virus were made from potato by mechanical inoculation on gomphrena globosa l. and chenopodium spp. that produce local lesion, and then it causes mosaic on nicotiana spp. and datura stramonium l. an isolate of the virus inoculated to nicotiana glutinosa l. and it was maintained throughout the work. sap from infected n. glutinosa was i ... | 2005 | 16637210 |
| determination of the races of potato virus x and its host rang in karaj, damavand and ardabil, iran. | potato virus x (pvx) is found commonly in potato-growing areas, worldwide. it is an economically important virus which causes losses in tuber yield of approximate 5 to 15 percent. in a 2 year survey, potato leaf and tuber samples were collected from various fields in damavand and karaj. the initial isolations from potato were made by mechanical inoculation first to gomphrena globosa l. and later to dartura stramonium l. it was not transmitted by 2 species of cuscuta but transmitted mechamically. ... | 2005 | 16637211 |
| quantitative analysis of the fate of exogenous dna in nicotiana protoplasts. | after a 5-hour incubation of protoplasts of nicotiana tabacum l. ;xanthi' with (3)h-dna (7.26 mug/ml) from n. tabacum l. ;xanthi nc' 3.5% of the initial radioactivity was found in acid-insoluble substances of the protoplasts. the addition of deae-dextran and poly-l-lysine to the incubation medium nearly doubled radioactivity adsorption. the absorption was inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol, kcn, and low temperature (0 c); this inhibition could not be reversed by exogenous atp. about 500 tobacco plan ... | 1977 | 16659838 |
| ion transport in isolated protoplasts from tobacco suspension cells: i. general characteristics. | an investigation was conducted into the feasibility of using enzymically isolated protoplasts from suspension-cultured cells of nicotiana glutinosa l. to study ion transport. transport of k(+) ((86)rb), (36)cl(-), h(2) (32)po(4) (-) and (45)ca(2+) from 1 millimolar salt solutions was determined after separation of intact protoplasts from nonabsorbed tracers by centrifugation through a ficoll step gradient. influx of k(+), cl(-), and h(2)po(4) (-) measured over a 30-minute period was reduced (up ... | 1979 | 16660675 |
| ion transport in isolated protoplasts from tobacco suspension cells: ii. selectivity and kinetics. | protoplasts were enzymically isolated from suspension cultured cells of nicotiana glutinosa l. and aspects of transport selectivity and kinetics were studied. in the presence of ca(2+), transport was selective for k(+) ((86)rb) over na(+). (36)cl(-) transport was inhibited by br(-) or i(-) but not by h(2)po(4) (-). the kinetic data for short term (30 minutes) k(+) influx over the range of 0.05 to 100 millimolar kcl were complex but similar to those observed in other plant tissues. in contrast, t ... | 1979 | 16660676 |
| isolation and partial characterization of vacuoles from tobacco protoplasts. | protoplasts from suspension-cultured cells of nicotiana glutinosa l. were lysed in 0.3 molar sorbitol in 2 millimolar ethylenediaminetetraacetate-tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (ph 7.5) to release intact vacuoles. the vacuoles were purified by centrifugation in a ficoll step gradient. about 11% of the vacuoles and 13% of the acid phosphatase activity was recovered in the purified vacuole fraction, suggesting that the vacuole is the major site for acid phosphatase in these cells. nadh-cytochrom ... | 1979 | 16661103 |
| ion transport in isolated protoplasts from tobacco suspension cells: iii. membrane potential. | the membrane electrical potential difference was measured in cultured cells and isolated protoplasts of tobacco (nicotiana glutinosa l.) by inserting a microelectrode into cells held fast by a suction micropipette. the potential difference (+/- standard deviation) for unplasmolyzed tobacco cells was -52 +/- 12 millivolts, for cells in 0.3 molar mannitol, -50 +/- 11 millivolts; and for cells plasmolyzed in 0.7 molar mannitol, -49 +/- 12 millivolts all inside negative. the potential difference for ... | 1979 | 16661113 |
| isolation of tonoplast vesicles from tobacco protoplasts. | vacuoles were isolated from protoplasts of nicotiana glutinosa by the method of mettler and leonard (plant physiol 1979 64: 1114-1120) with minor modifications so that the number of intact protoplasts contaminating the vacuole preparation was reduced to less than 1% (by number). isopycnic centrifugation of a [(3)h]choline-labeled, sonicated vacuole preparation on linear 5 to 40% sucrose gradients indicated that tonoplast vesicles equilibrated at a density of about 1.12 grams per cubic centimeter ... | 1980 | 16661502 |
| aggregation of plant protoplasts by artificial lipid vesicles. | sonicated unilamellar lipid vesicles, consisting of egg lecithin, stearylamine, and cholesterol in 7:2:1 molar ratios, promoted the aggregation of tobacco (nicotiana glutinosa) protoplasts with the aid of mono- or divalent cations.a reaction mixture containing liposomes (0.4 micromoles lipid per milliliter), 50 millimolar cacl(2), 0.5 molar mannitol, and 5 x 10(5) protoplasts per milliliter resulted in approximately 25% protoplast aggregation. to achieve the maximum protoplast aggregation, 1.6 x ... | 1982 | 16662386 |
| compensation for a mutated auxin biosynthesis gene of agrobacterium ti plasmid a66 in nicotiana glutinosa does not result from increased auxin accumulation. | nicotiana glutinosa compensated for a mutated tumor-morphology-shooty (tms) (auxin biosynthesis) locus of agrobacterlum tumefaciens strain a66 and showed the same virulent tumor response to infection by strain a66 or the wild-type strain a6. cloned cell lines transformed by strains a6 or a66 were fully hormone independent in culture and grew rapidly as friable, unorganized tissues on hormone-free growth medium. growth of n. glutinosa tumor cells was inhibited by addition of alpha-naphthaleneacet ... | 1989 | 16666706 |
| photosynthetic characterization of photoautotrophic cells cultured in a minimal medium. | photosynthetic properties of photoautotrophic suspensions cultured in a minimal growth medium have been evaluated to determine whether changes have occurred in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activity, phosphoenol-pyruvate (pep) carboxylase activity, chlorophyll content, or culture growth. five photoautotrophic lines amaranthus powellii, datura innoxia, glycine max, gossypium hirsutum, and a nicotiana tabacum-nicotiana glutinosa fusion hybrid were grown in a medium with ... | 1990 | 16667897 |
| [construction of infectious cdna clone of cucumber mosaic virus satellite rna xjs1 and preliminary study on its biological function]. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) sugar beet isolate caused yellow mosaic, leaf distortion, crinkle and stunt symptoms on sugar beet in nature. it exhibited some special biological properties with narrower host range and had no symptom on nicotiana glutinosa l. and nicotiana tobacum l. cv. nc-89. a new satellite rna, xjs1 was found to be associated with the helper virus. in order to know the cause of the special pathogenicity of the cmv isolate. full-length infectious cdna clone of cmv satellite rna x ... | 2006 | 16736580 |
| crystal structures of the nicotiana glutinosa ribonuclease nt in complex with nucleoside monophosphates. | ribonuclease nt (rnase nt), induced upon tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) infection in nicotiana glutinosa leaves, has a broad base specificity. the crystal structures of rnase nt in complex with either 5'-amp, 5'-gmp, or 2'-ump were determined at 1.8 a resolutions by molecular replacement. rnase nt consists of seven helices and seven beta strands, and the structure is highly similar to that of rnase nw, a guanylic acid preferential rnase from the n. glutinosa leaves, showing root mean square deviatio ... | 2006 | 16870673 |
| modeling-based characterization of the elicitor function of amino acid 461 of cucumber mosaic virus 1a protein in the hypersensitive response. | the ns strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) induces hypersensitive response (hr) on nicotiana tabacum cv. xanthi-nc and on nicotiana glutinosa. the genetic determinant of the hr induction was localized earlier to amino acid 461 of the 1a protein. the 3d structure of the 1a protein is still unknown and building a homology model is impossible. nevertheless, on the basis of secondary structure predictions we have created partial protein models for the region surrounding residue 461 which can accou ... | 2007 | 16987540 |
| new indicator plants for potato virus x. | for over 2 years (2002-2004); a sever virus like disease on leaves in pisum sativum was observed from tehran in iran. the identity of which was established by the following host reactions and serological and molecular assays. collected samples were tested for the presence of the virus using the das-elisa (direct double antibody sandwich-elisa). leaf sap of each test samples was diluted 1:10 in elisa sample buffer. the samples reacted in elisa with antibody against potato virus (x)(pvx). the samp ... | 2006 | 17390890 |
| agrobacterium-mediated viral vector-amplified transient gene expression in nicotiana glutinosa plant tissue culture. | a viral vector based on the bean yellow dwarf virus was investigated for its potential to increase transient gene expression. an intron-containing gus reporter gene and the cis-acting viral regulatory elements were incorporated in the viral vector and could be complemented by the viral replication-associated proteins provided on a secondary vector. all vectors were delivered to nicotiana glutinosa plant cell suspension or hairy root cultures via auxotrophic agrobacterium tumefaciens. cell cultur ... | 2007 | 17425328 |
| the negative influence of n-mediated tmv resistance on yield in tobacco: linkage drag versus pleiotropy. | resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) is controlled by the single dominant gene n in nicotiana glutinosa l. this gene has been transferred to cultivated tobacco (n. tabacum l.) by interspecific hybridization and backcrossing, but has historically been associated with reduced yields and/or quality in flue-cured tobacco breeding materials. past researchers have suggested the role of pleiotropy and/or linkage drag effects in this unfavorable relationship. introduction of the cloned n gene into a ... | 2007 | 17492424 |
| chromosomal control of preferential pairing in nicotiana. | a stock of tobacco with 23 pairs of tobacco chromosomes and one substituted pair from nicotiana glutinosa was available. an amphiploid of this tobacco with n. tomentosiformis was synthesized in order to test whether preferential pairing is determined by the homologies of the chromosomes or whether it is under genic control. characteristically, segregates for duplex loci in n. tabacum x n. tomentosiformis amphiploids give a gametic output of about 3:1, but for a factor on the substituted chromoso ... | 1961 | 17777090 |
| differentiation of tobacco plants from single, isolated cells in microcultures. | single cells isolated from pith callus of fresh stem of hybrid tobacco (nicotiana glutinosa male symbol x n. tabacum female symbol) gave rise to small colonies of cells in microcultures which upon transfer to agar medium produced clones of callus tissue. these single-cell clones differentiated roots, and shoots with green leaves, on a completely defined nutrient medium. the rooted shoots developed into normal plants after transfer to soil in pots in the greenhouse. buds and flowers were produced ... | 1965 | 17837870 |
| pathogenicity of a naturally occurring recombinant dna satellite associated with tomato yellow leaf curl china virus. | recombinant dna beta molecules (recdna-abeta) comprising parts of dna a and dna beta associated with tomato yellow leaf curl china virus (tylccnv) have been identified in naturally infected tobacco plants. several examples of the recombinant dna have been cloned and characterized by sequence analysis. all are approximately half the size of tylccnv genomic dna, and all contain the betac1 gene and the a-rich region from tylccnv dna beta as well as intergenic region sequences and the 5' terminus of ... | 2008 | 18089755 |