| a new method for peptidase activity measurement in serum and tissues, using l-leu-l-leu as substrate. | peptidase-free l-amino-acid oxidase was purified from venom of agkistrodon caliginosus and was used for the determination of serum peptidase (ec 3.4.1.-) activity with l-leu-l-leu as substrate. the peptidase activity in human serum rose remarkably in liver diseases, and had a significant correlation with serum transaminase activity. the peptidase activity in serum of rats treated with ccl4 was higher than that of normal rats. after cellogel electrophoresis the zymogram of peptidase from human li ... | 1977 | 18304 |
| purification of a kininogenase (kininogenase-2) from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | from the partially purified capillary permeability-increasing enzyme obtained from a. caliginosus venom, another kininogenase (kininogenase-2) was purified by gel filtration on sephadex g-100 and ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex c-50, deae-sephadex a-50, s-sepharose fast flow and q-sepharose fast flow. the purified enzyme was homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 8.3 and sds-gel electrophoresis. the kininogenase-2 had arginine ester hydrolytic and capillary permeabili ... | 1991 | 2028474 |
| purification of a kininogenase from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | during the isolation of a capillary permeability-increasing enzyme from the venom of a. caliginosus, a kininogenase was also purified from the venom by gel filtration on sephadex g-100, ion-exchange chromatographies on cm-sephadex c-50 and deae-sephadex a-50, and gel filtration on sephadex g-75. by this procedure, 11 mg of the purified enzyme were obtained from 4 g of the venom. the purified enzyme was homogeneous by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis at ph 8.3 and sodium dodecyl sulfate-po ... | 1988 | 3201479 |
| some properties of a kininogenase from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | a kininogenase (bradykinin-releasing enzyme) from the venom of a. caliginosus, is a single polypeptide-chain glycoprotein with a mol.wt of about 33,500, which contains 10.1% carbohydrate. the isoelectric point of the enzyme is 3.5 and the enzyme has 274 amino acid residues based on the mol.wt of 33,500. the enzyme hydrolyzed arginine esters more readily than lysine esters, but did not hydrolyze tyrosine ester. the activity of the enzyme on hydrolysis of arginine ester or on liberation of kinin f ... | 1988 | 3201480 |
| isolation and physiological action of capillary permeability increasing-enzyme from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus. | a purified capillary permeability increasing-enzyme was obtained from agkistrodon caliginosus venom by modification of our previous purification method. the purified enzyme, which had arginine esterase activity and strong capillary permeability increasing-activity, did not show caseinolytic, clotting or bradykinin-releasing activities. these properties of the enzyme were almost the same as those of the enzyme obtained by the previous purification method. when a mixture of the purified enzyme and ... | 1986 | 3812109 |
| capillary permeability-increasing enzyme from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi): activity due to the release of peptide material from a protein in bovine plasma. | when a mixture of the purified capillary permeability-increasing enzyme from a. caliginosus venom and bovine plasma or heated bovine plasma was injected into the depilated skin of the back of a rabbit, the capillary permeability-increasing activity was much greater than that induced by injection of the enzyme alone. the substance which increases capillary permeability was extracted from the incubated mixture of bovine plasma and enzyme with 50-70% ethanol. its activity was lost when treated with ... | 1985 | 4039478 |
| purification of a capillary permeability increasing-enzyme from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | a capillary permeability increasing-enzyme was purified from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus by gel-filtration on sephadex g-100, ion exchange chromatographies on cm-sephadex c-50 and deae-sephadex a-50 and affinity chromatography on p-aminobenzamidine-epsilon-aminocaproic acid-sepharose 4b. by this procedure, 6.2 mg of the purified enzyme was obtained from 4 g of the venom. the purified enzyme was homogeneous by disc electrophoresis at ph 8.3 and ph 4.5, and did not show any caseinolytic, ... | 1983 | 6658808 |
| purification of two thrombin-like enzymes from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | two thrombin-like enzymes were purified from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus. both were homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, hydrolyzed n-alpha-tosyl-l-arginine methylester and did not show any caseinolytic activity. the molecular weights of the enzymes were estimated to be about 34,000 - 37,000 and 42,000 - 43,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by gel-filtration on sephadex g-100 column. one enzymes was purified from the venom by gel-filtrati ... | 1984 | 6719476 |
| comparative study of fibrinogen degradation by four arginine ester hydrolases from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | when purified capillary permeability-increasing (cpi)-enzyme-1, cpi-enzyme-2, kininogenase-1 or kininogenase-2 was incubated with human fibrinogen at a ratio of 1:100 by weight, a loss of fibrinogen coagulability was seen at prolonged incubation times. cpi-enzyme-2 and kininogenase-1 caused a rapid loss of coagulability, while cpi-enzyme-1 and kininogenase-2 acted more slowly. when human fibrinogen and each enzyme were incubated at 37 degrees c, cpi-enzyme-2 first cleaved the a alpha-chain then ... | 1995 | 7597721 |
| [the antithrombotic action of a protein c activator from the venom of agkistrodon blomhoffi ussuriensis in thrombus formation in an extracorporeal shunt in rats]. | an antithrombotic action of the protein c (pc) activator from the venom of agkistrodon blomhoffi ussuriensis on the model of platelet-dependent thrombosis in the arteriovenous shunt in rats was under investigation. administration of the pc activator to rats resulted in a dose-dependent prolongation of the thrombus formation time, in a decrease in pc and factor v levels in blood and in aptt prolongation. there were no changes in the tissue-type plasminogen activator level and in the adp- or epine ... | 1994 | 8205048 |
| purification of a capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | a capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 was purified from the venom of a. caliginosus by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration on sephadex g-100. by this procedure, 3.1 mg of purified enzyme was obtained from 4 g of the venom. the mol. wt of the purified enzyme was estimated to be approximately 44,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme hydrolyzed n-alpha-tosyl-l-arginine methylester with a specific activity of 56.5 units/mg of protein, and did ... | 1993 | 8303715 |
| protein c activator from the venom of agkistrodon blomhoffi ussuriensis retards thrombus formation in the arterio-venous shunt in rats. | protein c (pc) is an anticoagulant protein which, being activated by thrombin, degrades factors v/va and viii/viiia and releases a tissue-type plasminogen activator. some agkistrodon snake venoms contain pc activators which, in experiments, exert an anticoagulant action. an antithrombotic effect of the pc activator from the venom of a. blomhoffi ussuriensis on the model of thrombus formation in the arterio-venous shunt in rats was under investigation. administration of the pc activator resulted ... | 1993 | 8378894 |
| purification and molecular cloning of calobin, a thrombin-like enzyme from agkistrodon caliginosus (korean viper). | a thrombin-like enzyme, calobin, has been purified to homogeneity from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus by a procedure involving bio-gel p-100, mono s, and pro-rpc. the enzyme was identified as a monomer with a molecular weight of 34,000 on sds-page, and its isoelectric point was 6.2. calobin acted on fibrinogen to form fibrin with a specific activity of 226 nih equivalent units, and also exhibited arginine esterase activity. the enzyme predominantly cleaved the alpha-chain of fibrinogen wit ... | 1996 | 8797081 |
| capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi): activity resulting from the release of peptides from fibrinogen. | when a mixture of the purified capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 from agkistrodon caliginosus venom and rabbit plasma was injected into the depilated skin of the back of rabbits, the capillary permeability-increasing activity was much greater than that induced by injection of the enzyme alone. to isolate the active substance, the mixture was subjected to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. among the active peptides, five peptides were purified and their amino acid seq ... | 1997 | 9133714 |
| ussuristatin 2, a novel kgd-bearing disintegrin from agkistrodon ussuriensis venom. | two platelet aggregation inhibitors, ussuristatin 1 (us-1) and 2 (us-2), were newly isolated from the venom of chinese viper (agkistrodon ussuriensis) by sp-toyopearl 650m column chromatography and reverse-phase hplc. the mrs of these polypeptides were estimated to be about 8,000 by sds-page. analytical gel filtration revealed that us-2 exists as a dimer. both polypeptides comprised 71 amino acids, whose sequences showed high similarities to those of other disintegrins. us-1 had a typical arg-gl ... | 1999 | 9880793 |
| cloning, expression and purification of gussurobin, a thrombin-like enzyme from the snake venom of gloydius ussuriensis. | total rnas were extracted from the venom gland of the snake gloydius ussuriensis. the cdna of gussurobin, a thrombin-like enzyme from gloydius ussuriensis, was cloned and amplified by rt-pcr. assay of the nucleotide sequence of the cdna allowed postulation of the complete amino acid sequence for gloydius ussuriensis, chinese viperdae. its amino acid sequence exhibits significant homology with that of other snake thrombin-like enzymes. the cdna of gussurobin was inserted into the vector ppic 9k a ... | 2002 | 11958136 |
| the role of thioredoxin and disulfide isomerase in the expression of the snake venom thrombin-like enzyme calobin in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). | thrombin-like enzymes (tles) are studied widely because of their therapeutic potential in myocardial infarction and thrombotic diseases. but they are always produced in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) as inclusion bodies because they are single chain cys-rich proteins. in this work, coexpressing of thioredoxin (trxa) largely increased the solubility of calobin, one of the tles from korea viper agkistrodon caliginosus, but soluble calobin-t had poor enzyme activity. disulfide isomerase (dsbc) was int ... | 2004 | 15477082 |
| neurotoxic activity of gln49 phospholipase a(2) from gloydius ussuriensis snake venom. | a novel neurotoxic protein phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)), molecular weight 13 881.83 da, has been isolated from snake venom of gloydius ussuriensis, named as gln49-pla(2), which shows weak lethal toxic, myotoxic and apparent anticoagulant activity, but lacks phospholipase activity. the gln49-pla(2) obviously induced an increase of the pain threshold in intoxicated 615 mice compared with the control group, suggesting it is a neurotoxin. hot-plate tests also showed that its analgesic activity was do ... | 2007 | 17299814 |
| identification of a novel thrombin-like phospholipase a2 from gloydius ussuriensis snake venom. | the coagulant effects of phospholipase a2 with gln at 49 sites (gln49-pla2), purified from gloydius ussurensis snake venom, were investigated on human citrated plasma and fibrinogen. gln49-pla2 clotted human plasma dose-dependently from 180.67 +/- 1.86 s to 19.00 +/- 0.58 s, and reduced the re-calcification time from 7.46 +/- 1.17 to 0.75 +/- 0.33 min and the prothrombin time from 12.4 +/- 0.29 s to 6.95 +/- 0.20 s, but it could not activate factor xiii, and the procoagulant effects were inhibit ... | 2007 | 17982312 |
| amino acid sequence of a kinin-releasing enzyme, kr-e-1, from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | the amino acid sequence of a bradykinin-releasing enzyme, named kr-e-1, isolated from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi) was determined by edman sequencing of the peptides which was derived from digests with cyanogen bromide, hydroxylamine, achromobacter protease i, trypsin, v8 protease, arginine endopeptidase, and endoproteinase asp-n. kr-e-1 consisted of 235 amino acids and showed conservation of the catalytic amino acid residues (his(57), asp(102), and ser(195)) of the chy ... | 2008 | 18723043 |
| discovery of larval gnathostoma nipponicum in frogs and snakes from jeju-do (province), republic of korea. | a survey was performed to find out the intermediate hosts of gnathostoma nipponicum in jeju-do (province), the republic of korea. in august 2009 and 2010, a total of 82 tadpoles, 23 black-spotted pond frogs (rana nigromaculata), 7 tiger keelback snakes (rhabdophis tigrinus tigrinus), 6 red-tongue viper snakes (agkistrodon ussuriensis), and 2 cat snakes (elaphe dione) were collected in jeju-do and examined by the pepsin-hcl digestion method. total 5 gnathostome larvae were detected in 3 (50%) of ... | 2011 | 22355217 |
| sequence and organization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the ussuri mamushi (gloydius ussuriensis). | the mitochondrial genome sequence of ussuri mamushi is analyzed and presented publically for the first time. the genome is 17,208 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal rna genes, 22 transfer rna genes and 2 control regions. the overall base composition is a (32.4%), c (28.4%), t (26.3%) and g (12.9%). the base compositions clearly presented the a-c skew, which is the most obvious in the protein-coding genes. mitochondrial genome analyses based on mp, ml, nj and bayesian ... | 2016 | 26024132 |
| purification of haemorrhagic proteinase from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | a haemorrhagic proteinase was purified from a. caliginosus venom by ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex c-50, deae-sephadex a-50, s-sepharose fast flow and q-sepharose fast flow, and gel-filtration on a sephadex g-100 column. by this procedure, about 17.6 mg of the enzyme were obtained from 4 g of the venom. the enzyme showed a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 8.3 and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme had weak caseinolytic and pot ... | 1998 | 9655638 |
| some properties of a capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi). | capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 (cpi-enzyme-2) consists of a single polypeptide chain with an isoelectric point of ph 3.5. the enzyme is composed of 369 amino acid residues, based on a mol. wt of 44,000, and contains 20.3% carbohydrate. both arginine ester hydrolytic and capillary permeability-increasing activities of the enzyme were inhibited by treatment with diisopropylfluorophosphate, indicating that the enzyme is a serine proteinase. the n-terminal amino acid sequence shows homol ... | 1993 | 8303716 |
| some properties of a proteolytic enzyme from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (kankoku-mamushi) which increases capillary permeability. | the molecular weight of the capillary permeability-increasing enzyme from the venom of a. caliginosus was estimated to be about 32,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this enzyme consists of a single polypeptide chain with an isoelectric point of ph 4.80. the enzyme is composed of 266 amino acid residues, based on a molecular weight of 32,000, and contained 11.4% carbohydrate. the enzyme more readily hydrolyzed arginine esters than lysine esters and did not hydrolyz ... | 1988 | 3284003 |
| the anti-cancer potency and mechanism of a novel tumor-activated fused toxin, dlm. | melittin, which acts as a membrane-disrupting lytic peptide, is not only cytotoxic to tumors, but also vital to normal cells. melittin had low toxicity when coupled with target peptides. despite significant research development with the fused toxin, a new fused toxin is needed which has a cleavable linker such that the fused toxin can release melittin after protease cleavage on the tumor cell surface. we describe a novel fused toxin, composed of disintegrin, upa (urokinase-type plasminogen activ ... | 2015 | 25658509 |
| [expression of snake venom thrombin-like enzyme calobin in pichia pastoris]. | thrombin-like enzymes (tles) are studied widely because of their therapeutic potential in myocardial infarction and thrombotic diseases. we synthesized the dna fragment encoding thrombin-like enzyme calobin from agkistrodon caliginosus (korean viper) venom by fusion pcr and expressed it in pichia pastoris. after induction by 0.5% methanol for 48 h, the expression level of recombinant calobin reached 3.5 g/l in medium. the recombinant calobin was purified by q-sepharose fast flow ion-exchange chr ... | 2009 | 19637626 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of ussurin, a new metalloproteinases/disintegrin from gloydius ussuriensis. | the metalloproteinases/disintegrins in the snake venom act as platelet aggregation inhibitor by an antagonism against integrin on platelet through its rgd sequence and may play other important role in cell-cell fusion, cell matrix interaction and other cellular function. ussurin is a new metalloproteinase/disintegrin that was cloned from gloydius ussuriensis. poly (a+) rna was purified from the total rna preparation from venom gland of a single g. ussuriensis using the poly (a+) tract-mrna isola ... | 2003 | 15969021 |
| purification and characterization of calobin ii, a second type of thrombin-like enzyme from agkistrodon caliginosus (korean viper). | in our previous report, we purified and cloned the gene of a thrombin-like enzyme, calobin, from the venom of agkistrodon caliginosus (hahn, b.s., yang, k.y., park, e.m., chang, i.m., kim, y. s., 1996. purification and molecular cloning of calobin, a thrombin-like enzyme from agkistrodon caliginosus (korean viper). j. biochem. 119, 835-843.). during the purification of calobin, a second type of thrombin-like protease was found and it was purified using affi-gel blue and mono-s cation-exchange ch ... | 2001 | 11024490 |
| molecular cloning of capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 from agkistrodon caliginosus (korean viper). | the gene of capillary permeability-increasing enzyme-2 (cpi enzyme-2) was cloned from the cdna library of agkistrodon caliginosus and its nucleotide sequence was determined. its sequence indicates that cpi enzyme-2 is synthesized as a pre-zymogen of 258 amino acid residues, including a putative secretory signal peptide of 18 amino acids and a proposed zymogen peptide of 6 amino acids. the amino terminal sequence deduced from the cdna sequence was exactly consistent with that of cpi enzyme-2 exce ... | 1998 | 9839672 |
| biochemical and pharmacological properties of thrombin-like protein from agkistrodon caliginosus. | | 1998 | 9760469 |
| severe hypofibrinogenemia in patients bitten by gloydius tsushimaensis in tsushima island, nagasaki, japan, and treatment strategy. | gloydius tsushimaensis is an endemic species inhabiting only tsushima, a remote japanese island, and is a distinct species from gloydius blomhoffii widely distributed throughout mainland japan and gloydius brevicaudus and gloydius ussuriensis which are geographically distributed in south korea. this is the first multicenter retrospective study of g. tsushimaensis bites in japan. a study of seventy-two patients who visited the former izuhara hospital, the former naka tsushima hospital, tsushima h ... | 2020 | 33130186 |
| clinical implications of coagulotoxic variations in mamushi (viperidae: gloydius) snake venoms. | snake bite is currently one of the most neglected tropical diseases affecting much of the developing world. asian pit vipers are responsible for a considerable amount of envenomations annually and bites can cause a multitude of clinical complications resulting from coagulopathic and neuropathic effects. while intense research has been undertaken for some species of asian pit viper, functional coagulopathic effects have been neglected for others. we investigated their effects upon the human clott ... | 2019 | 31306806 |