| plasma concentrations of chloramphenicol in snakes. | plasma chloramphenicol concentrations after a subcutaneous injection were studied in 87 snakes of 16 different species. the biological half-life of chloramphenicol varied from 3.3 hours in the indigo snake (drymarchon corais couperi) to 22.1 hours in the midland water snake (nerodia sipedon). a single dosage of 50 mg of chloramphenicol/kg of body weight produced plasma concentrations greater than 5 micrograms/ml for nearly 72 hours in 2 species of water snakes (nerodia erythrogaster, nerodia sip ... | 1985 | 4083608 |
| effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and dopamine agonists on the behavior of mammal- and frog-eating snakes. | skin mucus of the frog, xenopus laevis, induces climbing and attenuates tongue flicking in nerodia sipedon; these effects are induced alone and are potentiated by l-deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase type b inhibitor (mao-bi), but not by clorgyline, an mao type a inhibitor (mao-ai). both mao-a and mao-b metabolize dopamine, with mao-b having the higher affinity; mao-a selectively metabolizes serotonin and norepinephrine and mao-b is selective for phenylethylamine. it was hypothesized that clorgyline ... | 1994 | 7912837 |
| placentation in watersnakes ii: placental ultrastructure in nerodia erythrogaster (colubridae: natricinae). | ultrastructure of the placental tissues from redbelly watersnakes (nerodia erythrogaster) was analyzed during late pregnancy to provide insight into placental development and function. examination of the chorioallantoic placenta with transmission electron microscopy reveals that chorionic and uterine epithelia are extremely attenuated but intact and that the eggshell membrane is vestigial and lacks a calcareous layer. these features minimize the interhemal diffusion distance across the placenta. ... | 2017 | 28145561 |
| phylogeographic analysis and environmental niche modeling of the plain-bellied watersnake (nerodia erythrogaster) reveals low levels of genetic and ecological differentiation. | species that exhibit geographically defined phenotypic variation traditionally have been divided into subspecies. subspecies based on phenotypic features may not comprise monophyletic groups due to selection, gene flow, and/or convergent evolution. in many taxonomic groups the number of species once designated as widespread is dwindling rapidly, and many workers reject the concept of subspecies altogether. we tested whether currently recognized subspecies in the plain-bellied watersnake nerodia ... | 2010 | 20302955 |
| responses by corn snakes (elaphe guttata) to chemicals from heterospecific snakes. | young corn snakes,elaphe guttata, were tested for responses to chemicals from heterospecific snakes. corn snakes exhibited more tongue-flicks to swabs freshly rubbed against the skin of an ophiophagous kingsnake,lampropeltis getulus, than to blank swabs. responses tol. getulus and a nonophiophagous western plains garter snake,thamnophis radix haydeni, did not differ significantly. corn snakes exhibited more tongue-flicks to swabs treated with chloroform extracts of the shed skins ofl. getulus; a ... | 1990 | 24264894 |
| ophidiomycosis surveillance of snakes in georgia, usa reveals new host species and taxonomic associations with disease. | ophidiomycosis (snake fungal disease) is caused by the fungus ophidiomyces ophiodiicola and threatens snake health worldwide. it has been documented throughout the eastern united states and severe cases have recently been reported in georgia, usa. to evaluate disease distribution and prevalence in this state, 786 free-ranging snakes were examined for skin lesions consistent with ophidiomycosis and swabbed to detect o. ophiodiicola dna using qpcr. sampled snakes represented 34 species and 4 famil ... | 2020 | 32616837 |