| [immunodiffusion analysis of plasma proteins in the canine family]. | immunodiffusion studies have been made on the plasma of 9 species (vulpes vulpes, v. corsak, alopex lagopus, canis aureus, c. lupus, c. familiaris, c. dingo, nyctereutes procynoides, fennecus zerde) from the family of canidae using milk antisera. unlike rabbit antisera used earlier, milk antisera make it possible to detect more significant antigenic divergency with respect to 5 alpha- and beta-globulins. these globulins seem to have a higher evolution rate of antigenic mosaics as compared to oth ... | 1976 | 62473 |
| reproductive features in the female raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | | 1977 | 563458 |
| levels of oestrogen and progesterone in the plasma of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) during oestrus and pregnancy. | | 1978 | 632726 |
| arthrostoma miyazakiense (nagayosi 1955) comb. n., a parasite of the raccoon-like dog, nyctereutes procyonoides, with a key to the genus arthrostoma (nematoda: ancylostomatidae). | necator miyazakiensis nagayosi 1955, a hookworm from the raccoon-like dog, nyctereutes procyonoides, in miyazaki prefecture, kyushu, japan, is redescribed and placed in the genus arthrostoma cameron 1927, and compared with the 6 other species of the genus. arthrostoma miyazakiense comb. n. is found in raccoon-like dogs not only in miyazaki prefecture, but also in kyoto and hokkaido prefectures. this is the first record of a species of arthrostoma in japan. | 1976 | 988154 |
| an epidemic of sylvatic rabies in finland--descriptive epidemiology and results of oral vaccination. | when rabies reappeared in finland in april 1988, the country had been rabies free since 1959. soon a picture of sylvatic rabies become evident, its main vector and victim being the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). between 8 april 1988 and 16 february 1989, 66 virologically verified cases were recorded (48 raccoon dogs, 12 red foxes, 2 badgers, 2 cats, 1 dog and 1 dairy bull) in an area estimated at 1700 km2 in south-eastern finland. the greatest distance between recorded cases was 67 km. ... | 1992 | 1598857 |
| on the facial artery of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus temminck). | detailed observations were made of the facial artery in 20 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus temminck) utilizing the plastic injection method. the findings obtained were discussed in comparison with the facial artery of carnivorae. the facial artery diverged anterolaterally from the external carotid artery independently at a position between the origins of the lingual and the posterior auricular arteries when the external carotid bent laterally in front of the tympanic bulla. thi ... | 1991 | 1758686 |
| [species-specific features of the distribution of restriction sites in bsp-repeats of canidae genome]. | differences and similarities of the bsp-repeats' organization in fox, dog, polar fox and raccoon dog genomes were studied. specificity of bsp-repeats to the canidae family was demonstrated. the repeats are mainly organized in large clusters in all species studied. the species-specific features in restriction patterns were revealed for all five genomes, in spite of high intragenomic polymorphism exhibited in each case. this suggests that certain unique sets of structural versions of bsp-repeats w ... | 1991 | 1773937 |
| [heterogeneity of the canidae bsp-repeats family: discovery of the ecori subfamily]. | a 1600 bp ecori fragment was cloned from genome of raccoon dog. the structure obtained is homologous to the canidae bsp-repeats family. comparative blot hybridization of the ecori fragment and bamhi repeat from fox genome with restricted hydrolysates of the total of raccoon dog and fox dnas revealed differences both in structure and genomic organization between these two bsp-repeats versions. evidently, the ecori fragment contains a sequence lacking from the bamhi fragment of the fox bsp-repeats ... | 1991 | 1773938 |
| present status of trichinellosis in japan. | there have been three mass outbreaks of human trichinellosis in japan. the first was in 1974 in iwasaki, aomori prefecture, involving a group of hunters who ate raw meat of a black bear they had shot. of the 20 people who ate the bear meat raw, 15 showed clinical symptoms of trichinellosis. the second outbreak was experienced in sapporo, hokkaido, in 1980. the patients had eaten the raw meat of a brown bear served in a local restaurant. twelve people were diagnosed positive on the basis of clini ... | 1991 | 1822910 |
| intestinal carriage of yersinia pseudotuberculosis by wild birds and mammals in japan. | fecal specimens were obtained from wild birds and mammals in the eastern part of shimane prefecture, japan, an area where serotype 1b, 2b, 3, and 4b strains of yersinia pseudotuberculosis were found to be prevalent in humans. each of 869 animals, including 259 wild birds and 610 wild mammals, was screened for yersiniae. a total of 37 strains of y. pseudotuberculosis were isolated from 34 (5.6%) mammals, including 23 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides), eight deer (cervus nippon), two hares ( ... | 1991 | 2059038 |
| on the robertsonian polymorphism found in the japanese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). | karyotypes of 39 japanese raccoon dogs (npv) which appeared in the literature and of 7 previously unreported specimens were examined. thirty four individuals showed the standard karyotype 2k = 26m + 10a + (m)x + (a)y + bs (2n = 38 + bs), where bs are supernumerary chromosomes. the remaining 11 individuals had 2k = 25m + 12a + xy + bs (2n = 39 + bs) and one was 2k = 23m + 16a + xy + bs (2n = 41 + bs). the g- and c-banding analyses of both somatic and germ cells revealed that these karyotypes with ... | 1991 | 2064799 |
| [tick spirochetosis by borrelia burgdorferi in wild carnivores in france. results of serologic tests in 372 foxes]. | the authors made serological examination, by passive hemagglutination, of 378 wild carnivores killed in 17 departments of western, central and eastern parts of france: 372 of foxes, of which more than 90 per cent less than one year aged, 4 raccoon dogs and 2 lynx. in foxes, they found significative seropositivity (greater than or equal to 1/200) with mean frequencies of 12.77 per cent in young animals and 42.86 % in those of 1 year and more. according the parts of france, frequency is greatly va ... | 1991 | 2065402 |
| [variations of dentition in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procynoides viverrinus t.) anomalies in number of the teeth]. | a study on the number of anomalous teeth was made by using gross and radiographic examinations on 179 skulls (male: 68, female: 53, unknown: 58) of raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procynoides viverrinus t.) captured in the northern part of kyushu. results were as follows: 1. 8 skulls had 15 supernumerary teeth. they were in the upper incisor, the upper third premolar and the upper and lower first premolar regions. 2. 35 skulls had 58 congenitally missing teeth. most of them were upper and lower first ... | 1989 | 2519270 |
| characterization of biological and antigenic properties of raccoon dog and blue fox parvoviruses: a monoclonal antibody study. | parvovirus isolates from blue foxes and raccoon dogs were characterized by studying their haemagglutination properties, host range in vitro and antigenic structure. in all 3 characters, raccoon dog parvovirus resembled canine parvovirus (cpv), while blue fox parvovirus was similar to mink enteritis virus (mev). monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared against both viruses. raccoon dog parvovirus, while resembling cpv, had a unique antigenic site which could be specified by mabs. the pattern of ... | 1988 | 2836994 |
| response to cold in the blue fox and raccoon dog as evaluated by metabolism, heart rate and muscular shivering: a re-evaluation. | oxygen consumption (ml kg-0.75/min) in relation to ambient air temperature at or below the lower critical temperature (tlc) of the winter-furred raccoon dog (+10 degrees c) and the blue fox (-6 degrees c) is described by the equations y = 14.8-0.28x and y = 7.5-0.20x, respectively. muscular shivering activity (integrated emg) of both species increased below thermoneutrality parallel with increasing oxygen uptake and heart rate. seasonal changes in measured metabolic parameters were evident for b ... | 1985 | 2867857 |
| ammonia levels in the whelping nests of farmed raccoon dogs and polecats. | ammonia concentrations were measured in the nests of farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes-procyonoides gray, 1834) and polecats (mustela putorius) at weaning time. ammonia levels in the nests of raccoon dogs and polecats varied from 1 to 43 ppm and from 0 to 5 ppm, respectively. in the raccoon dog, with increasing litter size, the ammonia concentrations tended to increase exponentially. in the polecat, no marked relationship between litter size and ammonia levels were found. the results show that no ... | 1986 | 2871979 |
| heat loss of farmed raccoon dogs and blue foxes as evaluated by infrared thermography and body cooling. | infrared thermographs showed that heat loss of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides gray 1834) is greatest from the chest, the head, the abdomen and the feet. the blue fox (alopex lagopus) seems to be somewhat better insulated. mass-0.75 specific heat transfer coefficients (w/kg 0.75 per degrees c) in both species were similar. the wooden nest was able to decrease it significantly. the results support the conclusion that heat loss, and thus the energy costs, of studied species could be redu ... | 1986 | 2873936 |
| significance of sleeping plate as a thermal protection for farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | 1. both living and model animals were used to evaluate the significance of a sleeping plate as a thermal protection for the farmed raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides, gray, 1834), its use by the animals and its cleanliness while used. 2. a dry sleeping plate effectively prevented heat loss from the model animal while a wet plate was less effective. the degree of heat transfer was highest when the plate was ice-covered. heat loss in windy conditions was significantly higher than in calm condit ... | 1987 | 2887348 |
| relationship between seasonal energy economy and thyroid activity in farm-raised raccoon dogs. | 1. the levels of thyroid hormones (t3, t4), total lipids and urea in blood serum of adult farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides gray 1834) were monitored year-round, and compared with seasonal changes in body weight and feed consumption during intense, maintenance and restricted fasting feeding. 2. thyroid hormone levels tended to be low during winter whereas during the rest of the year no marked seasonal differences were observed. that thyroid hormone levels were influenced by altering ... | 1987 | 2887397 |
| voluntary regulation of energy balance in farmed raccoon dogs. | 1. seasonal changes in body mass and voluntary feed intake were studied in juvenile raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides, gray 1834) under farm conditions. 2. the body weight maximum was achieved in mid-november. thereafter, body weight gradually declined towards summer. this pattern was closely connected to voluntary regulation of feed consumption. during autumn, appetite of the animals was good enhancing gradual deposition of excessive fat reserves. 3. excessive adiposity itself, together wi ... | 1988 | 2896094 |
| regulation of energy economy in raccoon dogs and blue foxes: a process of dynamic interactions. | 1. seasonal regulation of energy economy was studied in farm-raised blue foxes (alopex lagopus) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides; gray, 1834). 2. both species exhibited marked seasonal changes in body weight, body energy content, food intake and locomotor activity. seasonal changes in food efficiency were also evident. 3. the results emphasize the important role of both energy intake and energy expenditure in the regulation process. 4. it can be concluded that regulation of seasonal en ... | 1988 | 2904341 |
| latex agglutination test for detecting feline panleukopenia virus, canine parvovirus, and parvoviruses of fur animals. | a latex agglutination (la) test for the detection of parvoviruses of fur animals, cats, and dogs was developed, and its sensitivity and specificity were compared with those of hemagglutination (ha) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). tissue culture isolation was used to confirm the specificity results. fecal samples from various sources were tested, including specimens from raccoon dogs and mink which were experimentally infected with parvoviruses by oral exposure. la compared fav ... | 1986 | 3007568 |
| the molecular phylogenic tree of the genus trichinella constructed from isozyme patterns. | six zymograms were compared for extracts of muscle-stage larvae of the seven trichinella isolates, using isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. the isozyme patterns of acid phosphatase among them fell into four types. t. pseudospiralis from a raccoon and the polar strain from a polar bear formed type 1 and type 2, respectively. the iwasaki strain from a japanese black bear and the yamagata strain from a raccoon dog, both from japan, were type 3. type 4 consisted of three remaining strains, ... | 1988 | 3057491 |
| fragile sites, telomeric dna sequences, b chromosomes, and dna content in raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides, with comparative notes on foxes, coyote, wolf, and raccoon. | earlier studies of the genus nyctereutes disclosed two subspecies of differing chromosome numbers accompanied by b chromosomes. to further define the relationship of these subspecies to each other, and to other carnivores, and to learn more about the structure and function of their chromosomes, we characterized and compared the genomes in terms of dna content by flow cytometry, fragile sites induced by aphidicolin, and telomere sequences using biotinylated dna probes detected with fluorescence. ... | 1988 | 3150325 |
| roles of the wolf and the raccoon dog in the ecology and epidemiology of rabies in the ussr. | at the end of the 1960s, the roles of the wolf and the raccoon dog in the ecology and epidemiology of rabies in the ussr increased rapidly. this increase was caused by a lack of attention to measures of wolf control and by the introduction of the raccoon dog into the european part of the ussr. the intensification of control measures led to a decrease in the role played by these animals in the ecology and epidemiology of rabies. | 1988 | 3206072 |
| familial male pseudohermaphroditism and testicular descent in the racoon dog (nyctereutes). | sexual differentiation was investigated in familial male pseudohermaphroditism in nyctereutes procyonoides (canidae). in intersex males, development of external genital organs and prostate glandular tissue was severely disturbed; wolffian (mesonephric) duct derivatives developed prepubertally but were absent in some adults. müllerian (paramesonephric) duct regression was complete. testicular descent was undisturbed. male/female sex differences in plasma testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, ... | 1988 | 3228206 |
| pheochromocytomas in two raccoon dogs. | | 1988 | 3363798 |
| deep plantar arteries of some mammals, with special reference to the plantar metatarsal arteries. | the plantar metatarsal arteries of some mammals were studied. in the dog, raccoon dog and cat, the second proximal perforating branch was fully developed and produced the plantar metatarsal arteries. these plantar metatarsal arteries ran on the plantar surfaces of the interosseous muscles along the metatarsal bones or intermetatarsal spaces, and gave rise to the digital arteries of the second to fifth toes. in the rabbit, a branch of the medial plantar artery ran transversely on the plantar surf ... | 1988 | 3389201 |
| effect of cage size on growth, feed intake, fur quality and activity pattern of farmed raccoon dogs. | | 1988 | 3400355 |
| [topography and structure of the stylohyoid muscle in mammals]. | topography and structure of the musculus stylohyoideus (msh) have been studied in 78 species of mammalia from 12 orders. the muscle in question has specific peculiarities not only in its position and fixation, but also in a great variability of its structure. the msh is not revealed in philander opossum, lagostrophus fasciatus, guinea pig, meriones eversmanni, rhombomys opimus, nyctereutes procyonoides, thos aureus, mastelidae. various pathways of development and different functional loading def ... | 1988 | 3408352 |
| chromosomal evolution of the canidae. ii. divergence from the primitive carnivore karyotype. | the giemsa-banding patterns of chromosomes from the arctic fox (alopex lagopus), the red fox (vulpes vulpes), the kit fox (vulpes macrotis), and the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) are compared. despite their traditional placement in different genera, the arctic fox and the kit fox have an identical chromosome morphology and g-banding pattern. the red fox has extensive chromosome arm homoeology with these two species, but has only two entire chromosomes in common. all three species share ... | 1987 | 3568762 |
| comparative cytogenetics of chinese and japanese raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides. | we investigated the relationships between subspecies of nyctereutes procyonoides from china (2n = 54 + b chromosomes) and japan (2n = 38 + b chromosomes). the chromosomes of chinese and japanese raccoon dogs were compared by means of conventional staining, g- and c-banding, and silver nitrate staining of nors. extensive g-banding homologies revealed karyotype evolution through chromosomal fusion. we believe the reduced diploid number in the japanese raccoon dogs was achieved by fusion of 16 acro ... | 1987 | 3691184 |
| a chromosome-banding study in the finnish and the japanese raccoon dog. | | 1986 | 3793521 |
| effects of social competition for feed on growth of farmed raccoon dogs. | to test whether or not social competition influences food consumption and growth in farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides, gray 1834), animals were placed singly, in pairs and by threes in standard cages and fed ad libitum or restricted feed portions. daily feed intake of single, ad libitum freely fed animals, 930 +/- 150 g, was significantly more than that of animals caged in pairs (750 +/- 45 g) or by threes (730 +/- 210 g). animals on restricted feeding consumed all the feed supplied, ... | 1986 | 3803991 |
| seasonal changes in hepatic activity of g-6-phosphate and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in farmed polecats and raccoon dogs. | liver weight of both male and female polecats was significantly higher in winter than in summer. there were no seasonal or sex differences in the liver weight of raccoon dogs. body weight of male polecats was highest in winter. no marked seasonal changes in body weight of female polecats, or raccoon dogs of both sexes were found. total hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of polecats and raccoon dogs was higher in winter than in summer. specific activity of alpha-glycerophosphate d ... | 1987 | 3829624 |
| lipogenic hepatic enzyme activity of raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) fed various diets. | body weight, obesity and liver weights of male raccoon dogs fed diets of various energy content were higher than those of females. with increasing body weight and obesity the liver weight and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6-pd) decreased significantly in both sexes. the liver weight correlated very positively with the g-6-pd activity. the alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-gpd) correlated with the liver weight only in females. | 1985 | 3967489 |
| trichinella spiralis in wild animals, cats, mice, rats and farmed fur animals in finland. | a total of 1 399 samples of wild animals, cats, mice, rats and fur animals were examined for trichinella larvae during the period 1.1.1982-30.6.1984. samples were obtained both from the problem area, were trichinella larvae had been found in pigs, and for comparison from the rest of finland. the frequency of the infection in wild carnivores, badgers, pine martens, raccoon dogs, foxes and wild mink was significantly higher in the problem area than in the rest of finland. | 1985 | 4059043 |
| growth and fur parameter variations of farmed raccoon dogs. | growth, body composition and hair coat parameter variations were evaluated in farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) reared in a conventional two animals -in-cage-system. daily rate of body weight gain (bwg) of litters very significantly (p less than 0.001) correlated with their time of birth (r = 0.879); the later in spring they were born the faster they gained weight. final body weight (fbw) of the whelps was to be predicted from their body weight (bw) in early august (r = 0.689). ther ... | 1985 | 4084058 |
| exceptional karyotype in a raccoon dog. | | 1974 | 4448695 |
| [observation of natural toothbrush bristles by means of scanning electron microscopy--pig, raccoon dog and sheep bristles (author's transl)]. | | 1974 | 4530215 |
| thermoregulation of polecat and raccoon dog: a comparative study with stoat, mink and blue fox. | 1. oxygen consumption (ml x kg0.75 per min) in relation to ambient temperature (ta) in the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), polecat (mustela putorius), mink (mustela vison) and stoat (mustela erminea) is described by equations y = 14.2 - 0.23x, y = 26.3 - 0.47x, y = 26.9 - 0.33x and y = 39.0 - 1.06x, respectively. resting metabolic rate (rmr) of blue fox (alopex lagopus) could be measured only at thermoneutrality. 2. in polecats, calorigenic response to noradrenaline was about 40% above t ... | 1983 | 6131765 |
| hepatic biotransformation in farmed blue fox and raccoon dog. | in farmed raccoon dogs and blue foxes, the hepatic content of cytochrome p-450 and the activity of polysubstrate mono-oxygenase with benzo(a)pyrene and 7-ethoxycoumarin as substrates, as well as activity of udp glucuronosyltransferase were of the same order of magnitude as those in the laboratory rat. the amount of reduced glutathione tended to be higher in canids. there existed differences in the biotransformation activities between raccoon dogs from different farms. these cannot, however, be s ... | 1983 | 6139261 |
| seasonal changes in thermoregulation of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides gray 1834). | oxygen consumption (ml x kg-0.75/min) in relation to ambient temperature (ta) in the raccoon dog whelps at the ages of 7-9 weeks and 17-19 weeks is described by equations y = 32.9-0.69x and y = 26.2-0.49x, respectively. the corresponding equations to adults in summer and winter pelages are y = 19.6-0.46x and y = 14.5-0.32x, respectively. the cooling constant (min-1) of deceased raccoon dogs decreased exponentially with increasing body mass, while m-0.75 specific heat transfer coefficient (w x kg ... | 1984 | 6142791 |
| the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) as definitive host for sarcocystis spp. of reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | | 1984 | 6441476 |
| diplostomulum of pharyngostomum cordatum in the muscle of a raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides. | | 1984 | 6482136 |
| isolation of mycoplasma and ureaplasma species from raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). | mycoplasma spp. were isolated from five wild raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). on the basis of biochemical properties and serological tests, nine isolates were identified as mycoplasma edwardii and four were similar to a possibly new mycoplasma sp. represented by strain lm2 which is negative for both glucose fermentation and arginine hydrolysis. in addition, ureaplasmas were detected from these animals. ureaplasmas were compared serologically with ureaplasma strains isolated fr ... | 1983 | 6631416 |
| streptococcus suis type ii infection in a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) family canidae. | | 1983 | 6665975 |
| [experimental rabies in the raccoon dog]. | | 1983 | 6666446 |
| testicular feminization in the finnish racoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | the clinical features of testicular feminization in the racoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) are reported. the condition is characterized by a normal male karyotype, but a mixed phenotype consisting of vulva, enlarged clitoris and scrotal testes. partial spermatogenesis with a relative arrest at the first meiotic division was observed. the likely underlying genetic defect and mode of inheritance are discussed, together with implications for breeding programmes. | 1983 | 6674935 |
| discovery of naturally infected raccoon dog, (nyctereutes procyonoides gray) wild animal reservoir host of leishmaniasis in china. | | 1982 | 6814844 |
| canine parvovirus infection in housed raccoon dogs and foxes in finland. | an outbreaks of severe enteritis occurred among young raccoon dogs on fur farms in eastern finland. post mortem examinations revealed gross and microscopic lesions which were typical of parvovirus infections described in cats, mink and dogs. the intestine was dilatated, oedematous and the normal villi were significantly reduced. a parvovirus was isolated from faeces and found to resemble canine parvovirus by its ability to haemagglutinate pig erythrocytes at ph 7.2 and its antigenic properties. ... | 1982 | 7101696 |
| isolation of mycoplasmas from experimental ferrets (mustela putorius). | a total of 21 apparently healthy experimental ferrets, 8 males and 13 females, comprizing 1, 2 and 3 year-old animals were examined for mycoplasmatales. mycoplasmas were isolated from 17 samples of 21 oral cavities (81.0%), and from 2 of 21 nasal cavities (9.5%), but not from the prepuce or vagina of the animals. neither ureaplasma nor acholeplasma was demonstrated in any of the locations of the ferrets examined. these mycoplasma strains proved to metabolize glucose but not arginine and urea. th ... | 1982 | 7169088 |
| chromosomal analysis of the japanese raccoon dog based on the g- and c-banding techniques. | | 1982 | 7169725 |
| isolation of mycoplasmas from raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), fox (vulpes vulpes japonica) and japanese badger (meles meles anakuma). | | 1981 | 7289340 |
| [importance of the racoon dog in the epidemiology and epizootiology of rabies in the far east]. | raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides gray) have been shown to take part in the circulation of rabies virus within their natural area in the far east and thus to be dangerous as a source of infection for humans and domestic animals. the disease has been registered in the areas with high population density of this species, the spread of infection reaching 13 +/- 4.6% in the years of survey. the results of the preliminary determination of the sensitivity of raccoon dogs and the schematic map show ... | 1981 | 7331626 |
| effects of melatonin implants in spring on testicular regression and moulting in adult male raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procynoides). | six male raccoon dogs were treated with constant-release implants of melatonin on 29 march, when the animals still had mature spermatozoa and a winter coat. six untreated animals served as controls. high serum concentrations of melatonin were found in the treated animals throughout the study period (182.2 and 38.5 pg ml-1 in april and august, respectively). the high serum concentrations of prolactin in april and may (18.9 and 15.7 ng ml-1, respectively) in the controls were not seen in the treat ... | 1995 | 7490720 |
| characterization of the feline host range and a specific epitope of feline panleukopenia virus. | the feline parvovirus subgroup is comprised of viruses isolated from various carnivores, including the dog, cat, mink, raccoon, arctic fox, and raccoon dog. those viruses are > 98% identical in their dna sequences and are very similar antigenically. we have shown that although canine parvovirus (cpv) replicates in numerous feline cell lines in vitro it does not infect cats after parenteral inoculation (u. truyen and c. r. parrish, (1992) j. virol. 66, 5399-5408). here we use recombination mappin ... | 1994 | 7513918 |
| evolution of the feline-subgroup parvoviruses and the control of canine host range in vivo. | a related group of parvoviruses infects members of many different carnivore families. some of those viruses differ in host range or antigenic properties, but the true relationships are poorly understood. we examined 24 vp1/vp2 and 8 ns1 gene sequences from various parvovirus isolates to determine the phylogenetic relationships between viruses isolated from cats, dogs, asiatic raccoon dogs, mink, raccoons, and foxes. there were about 1.3% pairwise sequence differences between the vp1/vp2 genes of ... | 1995 | 7609035 |
| hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) with chronic pulmonary inflammatory lesions. | a female raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) captured september 1992 in nara prefecture, japan, suffering from swollen joints of all four limbs was necropsied. radiographically, there was a shadow in the right pulmonary caudal lobe and periosteal bone formation around several joints. microscopically, there was extensive edema, along with one large and many small pyogranulomatous nodules and purulent bronchitis in the right lobe and left caudal lobe of the lungs. there were intermingled branch ... | 1994 | 7760503 |
| rabies virus vaccines. | many years of research and observations on bait uptake, efficacy, behavioural studies of foxes, reduction and elimination of rabies, population dynamics of foxes following oral vaccination, as well as annual exchanges of researchers' experiences, formed the scientific background for field trials extending over many years. these are the most extensive field studies for the testing of a rabies vaccine so far. the use of the techniques and strategies of oral immunisation of foxes against rabies usi ... | 1995 | 7796967 |
| experimental infection of raccoon dogs with sarcocystis cruzi and s. miescheriana. | raccoon dogs were successfully infected with sarcocystis cruzi and s. miescheriana by oral inoculation of infected cardiac muscle of cattle and pigs slaughtered in saitama and okinawa prefectures, respectively. oocysts and sporocysts passed by raccoon dogs were similar in measurements and morphological features as reported of s. cruzi and s. miescheriana respectively. the prepatent and patent periods of both s. cruzi and s. miescheriana were 9 and 66-72 days respectively in raccoon dogs. | 1994 | 7999889 |
| [mtdna polymorphism and differentiation of subspecies of chinese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonides)]. | the mtdna from 14 raccoon dogs of 7 geographical populations was analyzed with 8 restriction endonucleases, and the restriction map was constructed. furthermore, upg molecular phylogenetic trees of the mtdna were constructed based on the genetic distances. our results indicated that the differentiation was obvious within geographical populations of the subspecies n. p. procyonoides, and that the event of divergence in chinese raccoon dog first occurred between the southern and northern populatio ... | 1994 | 8003349 |
| [correlations between feet posture and muscle fiber size in mammals--comparison of the anterior tibial muscle fiber among plantigrade type, digitigrade type and unguligrade type]. | the size (micron2) of red muscle fibers (type 1), white muscle fibers (type 2) and intermediate muscle fibers (type 3) was quantitatively determined in cross-sectional areas of the venter of the anterior tibial muscle in the plantigrade type, digitigrade type and unguligrade type using 122 individuals of 15 species in 5 orders, and correlations between the type of locomotion and muscle fiber size were analyzed from a comparative anatomical viewpoint. regardless of species, red muscle fibers with ... | 1993 | 8160529 |
| two dominant neutralizing antigenic determinants of canine parvovirus are found on the threefold spike of the virus capsid. | the 25-nm diameter parvovirus capsid is assembled from 60 copies of a sequence common to the overlapping vp1 and vp2 proteins. here we examine the epitope specificity's of 28 monoclonal antibodies (mab) prepared against canine parvovirus (cpv), feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), and raccoon-dog parvovirus or blue (arctic) fox parvovirus. comparing the reactivity of those mab with various mab-selected escape mutants, or with natural variants of cpv or mink enteritis virus (mev) which differ at kno ... | 1994 | 8259653 |
| serological evidence of coxiella burnetii infection in wild animals in japan. | one hundred and thirty-four (26%) of 511 sera from 11 wild animal species in eight prefectures in japan had antibody titers to coxiella burnetii by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. high prevalences were observed in japanese black bears (ursus thibetanus) (78%), hokkaido deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) (69%), japanese hares (lepus brachyurus) (63%), japanese deer (cervus nippon centralis) (56%), and to some extent in japanese monkeys (macaca fuscata) (28%). a low prevalence (13%) was observe ... | 1993 | 8355353 |
| pathology and epidemiology of canine distemper in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | from september to december 1991, a large number of free-ranging raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) died from a highly contagious disease in the vicinity of tokyo. eighteen seriously ill or dead animals were submitted for necropsy. the pathological findings resembled those in a masked palm civet (paguma larvata) found infected with canine distemper virus (cdv) in the same area in late august 1991. the most striking features were pneumonia and gastroenteritis. microscopical lesions consisted ... | 1993 | 8366205 |
| basilar arteries of the brain in raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides (gray, 1834)). | observations carried out on 43 brains of raccoon dogs show that the system of basilar arteries of the brain is similar to that in other carnivores. the observed differences were manifested in different vessel connections and occurrence of some variations. in 53.4% cases the basilar artery in raccoon dogs develops from the combination of the even ventral spinal arteries and the vertebral arteries entering them. an unusual case of the reduction of spinal artery was also found. | 1994 | 8590903 |
| effects of melatonin implants on winter fur growth and testicular recrudescence in adult male raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides). | the effects of melatonin implants were investigated on winter fur growth, monitored by counting growing and mature hairs per bundle and testicular recrudescence, judged by testis width, score count of spermatogenesis, and serum testosterone in the adult male raccoon dogs. melatonin administration in july highly elevated melatonin concentrations in serum and urine and induced an earlier decrease in prolactin secretion (august in the treated group vs september in the control group), winter fur gro ... | 1996 | 8797182 |
| no rabies detected in voles and field mice in a rabies-endemic area. | brain samples were collected from 514 voles and wild mice in estonia, and examined for rabies. the samples were tested with antigen elisa, and 8.6% of them additionally by virus isolation assay. the results were negative. our data show that in areas of north-eastern europe, where rabies is endemic in raccoon dogs and red foxes, populations of smaller mammals may remain free of rabies. | 1996 | 8885709 |
| trichinella britovi from japan. | although parasites of the genus trichinella have been collected from wild animals in japan, they have never been studied at species level. muscle larvae of trichinella collected from a black bear (ursus thibetanus japonicus) and from a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) in japan have been identified as trichinella britovi by random amplified polymorphic dna analysis. the presence of t. britovi in japan shows that this parasite has a wide distribution in the palaearctic region, fro ... | 1996 | 8885903 |
| detection of canine parvovirus antigens with antibodies to synthetic peptides. | antibodies produced in rabbits against an 18-amino acid peptide (peptide 1, nslpqsegatnfgdigvp) of capsid protein vp2/residues 292-309 of canine parvovirus (cpv) or against an 18-amino acid peptide (peptide 2, gkrntvlfhgpastkgks) of nonstructural protein ns1/residues 391-409 of cpv identified, in immunofluorescence analysis, viral antigens in canine a 72 cells infected with cpv. antibodies to peptide 2 also identified viral antigens in bovine cells infected with bovine parvovirus. in western blo ... | 1996 | 8893795 |
| shared synteny of human chromosome 17 loci in canids. | canids are unusual among mammals in the large degree to which their karyotypes have diverged during speciation. in many instances, chromosome segments from different species share cytogenetic homology, and a presumed phylogenetic tree of canid evolution can be constructed based on the relative shuffling of chromosomal elements. in this study, four gene probes (myeloperoxidase [mpo], miller-dieker [mdcr], erbb2, and retinoic acid receptor alpha [rara]) from human chromosome 17 were used in fluore ... | 1996 | 8893820 |
| [anti-toxoplasma antibody levels in the main-land raccoon dog, nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus, in southeastern kanagawa prefecture]. | naturally-occurring toxoplasma infection has been observed for years in various kinds of wild animals. however, the infection situation has not been well characterized due to a lack of research. in present study, latex fixation tests were conducted for 109 main-land raccoon dogs (67 males and 42 females) all of which were kept in kanazawa zoo in yokohama city, kanagawa prefecture between 1991-1994 to measure levels of toxoplasma antibodies. the test results indicated 20 positive samples out of t ... | 1996 | 8952267 |
| [redescription of haemaphysalis flava and ixodes tanuki collected from a raccoon dog in korea]. | a total of 135 hard ticks consisting of 2 species of 2 genera, 117 haemaphysalis flava and 18 ixodes tanuki, were collected from a korean raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) caught at the moaksan (mt.). chollabuk-do, korea in march 1995. it is the first record that i. tanuki appears in the korean fauna. | 1997 | 9100433 |
| ige response to fur animal allergens and domestic animal allergens in fur farmers and fur garment workers. | the aim of this study was to compare the ige response to the most commonly farmed fur animals with that to domestic animals. | 1997 | 9179423 |
| [detection of intestinal parasites from main-land raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus, in southeastern kanagawa prefecture]. | to obtain the basic data on the route of infection of intestinal parasites as zoonosis, we examined the feces from 87 main-land raccoon dogs, all of which were kept in the yokohama kanazawa zoo (kanagawa) between 1994-1996, for detection of intestinal parasites and evaluated the detection rates. intestinal parasites were detected from 72 of the 87 raccoon dogs (82.8%). among the parasites, ancylostoma spp., trichuris vulpis, ascaridoidea and isospora spp. were most commonly detected. of the 72 r ... | 1997 | 9283143 |
| distribution of sylvatic species of trichinella in estonia according to climate zones. | a survey on trichinellosis among sylvatic and domestic animals from estonia revealed the presence of trichinella nativa (tn), trichinella britovi (tb), and trichinella spiralis (ts). muscle samples were collected from 776 sylvatic and 1,086 domestic animals. muscle larvae from 52 of the 74 positive samples were identified, using random-amplified polymorphic dna analysis; 19 samples showed tn, 27 samples tb, and 4 samples ts. a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and a red fox (vulpes vulpes) ... | 1998 | 9488368 |
| morphology and morphometry of skulls of raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides and badgers, meles meles. | in order to obtain the basic data to identify the skeletal remains from the archaeological sites, morphological and morphometrical studies were carried out on skulls of living raccoon dogs (35 males and 45 females) and badgers (16 males and 8 females) from kagoshima prefecture. macroscopically, the sexual differences were observed in badgers for the parts of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the occipital squama, but were not in raccoon dogs. among 24 cranial measurements, significa ... | 1998 | 9524938 |
| a histometrical study on the long bones of raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides and badgers, meles meles. | to obtain the data required for identification of skeletal remains excavated from archaeological sites, histometrical observations were made in the cross sections of the mid-shaft of humerus, radius, femur and tibia of raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) and badgers (meles meles) captured in kagoshima prefecture. there were interspecific differences between both animals in the breadth, the depth and the area of medullary cavity at the mid-shaft of the bones, all measurements were greater in ... | 1998 | 9560780 |
| [incidence of antibodies in raccoon dogs and deer inhabiting suburban areas]. | we evaluated the incidence of antibodies against canine distemper (cd) virus, canine parvovirus, toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii), aujeszky's disease virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, rickettsia tsutsugamushi, rickettsia japonica, and coxiella burnetii in 30 raccoon dogs and 5 deer captured in suburban areas in kanagawa prefecture. among the raccoon dogs, anti-t. gondii antibody was detected in 1 animal (3.3%) and anti-cd virus antibody in 9 (30.0%). however, antibodies ag ... | 1998 | 9621559 |
| epidemiology of trichinellosis in lynx in finland. | three hundred and twenty seven european lynx (lynx lynx) were examined for trichinella sp. larvae using the muscle digestion method. the animals were of both sexes, various ages, and collected between 1989 and 1994 in different locations in finland. forty percent of them (132) were found to be infected. infection was overdispersed, so that the majority of infected lynx only harboured small amounts of larvae, while a minority had higher densities of infection, but never significantly exceeding 40 ... | 1998 | 9639901 |
| [genetic relationships of nyctereutes procyonopides: as inferred from random amplified polymorphic dna analysis]. | random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) were used to investigate genetic relationships of eight raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonopides). using 28 arbitrary primers (10 bp), about 130 rapd markers were observed in each individual. the average, maximum, and minimum genetic distance among 8 raccoon dogs are 11.20%, 14.93%, and 2.94% respectively. our molecular phylogenetic trees constructed by upgma and nj methods suggest that those 8 chinese raccoon dogs may be divided into 4 clusters: (1) guan ... | 1998 | 9648400 |
| epidemiological surveillance of rabies in lithuania from 1986 to 1996. | rabies has been endemic in lithuania for centuries. the objective of this study was to evaluate rabies incidence and seasonal trends in domestic and wild animals in lithuania from 1986 to 1996. annual rabies reports and data on cattle numbers were collected. descriptive epidemiology and time series data analyses were performed to detect seasonal trends. a total of 1,475 specimens were submitted for rabies testing. of these, 1,248 (84.6%) were confirmed as rabies cases by immunofluorescence antib ... | 1998 | 9850540 |
| use of protein ag in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening for antibodies against parapoxvirus in wild animals in japan. | using protein ag in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), we tried to detect antibodies against parapoxvirus in 9 species of wild animals in japan: the japanese badger (meles meles anakuma), japanese black bear (ursus thibetanus japonicus), japanese deer (cervus nippon centralis), japanese monkey (macaca fuscata), japanese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), japanese serow (capricornis crispus), japanese wild boar (sus scrofa leucomystax), masked palm civet (paguma larvata ... | 1999 | 10225841 |
| parasitological survey on wild carnivora in north-western tohoku, japan. | in the winter of 1997-1998, we collected parasitological data from 60 wild carnivora in the north-western part of tohoku region, japan. these included 7 foxes (vulpes vulpes japonica), 20 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus), 29 martens (martes melampus melampus), 3 weasels (two mustela sibirica itatsi and one m. nivalis namiyei), and one japanese badger (meles meles anakuma). roundworms (toxocara canis in foxes and toxocara tanuki in raccoon dogs), hookworms (ancylostoma kusimaens ... | 1999 | 10535507 |
| ecology and evolution of rabies virus in europe. | the evolution of rabies viruses of predominantly european origin was studied by comparing nucleotide sequences of the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes, and by typing isolates using rflp. phylogenetic analysis of the gene sequence data revealed a number of distinct groups, each associated with a particular geographical area. such a pattern suggests that rabies virus has spread westwards and southwards across europe during this century, but that physical barriers such as the vistula river in p ... | 1999 | 10573146 |
| helminth fauna of carnivores distributed in north-western tohoku, japan, with special reference to mesocestoides paucitesticulus and brachylaima tokudai. | in the winter of 1998-1999, we collected parasitological data from 54 wild carnivores in the north-western part of tohoku region, japan. these consisted of 38 martens (martes melampus melampus), 14 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) and 2 foxes (vulpes vulpes japonica). collected helminth parasites were 11 nematode, 10 trematode, 3 cestode, and a single acanthocephalan species, including 5 hitherto unknown species for this research area or the mainland of japan (honshu). mesocest ... | 1999 | 10651058 |
| effect of dietary glycine and benzoate level on benzoate metabolism in mink (mustela vision), blue fox (alopex lagopus), and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | three 2 x 4 factorial experiments were carried out from august to september with 30 juvenile male mink, 24 raccoon dogs, and 24 blue foxes to investigate the effect of dietary glycine supply (low or high) on the efficiency of these species to excrete hippuric acid with incremental benzoate intake (0, 1, 2, or 4 mmol/kg bw). for mink, two additional treatments with 1 or 2 mmol/kg bw of ethyl benzoate were included. a basal low-glycine diet was formulated to meet the minimum protein requirements o ... | 2000 | 10784188 |
| epizootiological investigations of canine distemper virus in free-ranging carnivores from germany. | canine distemper virus (cdv) infects a broad range of carnivores. to assess whether wild carnivores may play a role in the epidemiology of cdv in domestic dogs in germany, the seroprevalence of cdv was determined. in sera from red foxes (30 of 591 (5%)) and stone martens (2 of 10 (20%)) antiviral antibodies were detected using a neutralization assay, whereas sera of raccoons, two mink, one pine marten and one raccoon dog were negative. in foxes, there was a significantly higher prevalence in urb ... | 2000 | 10831852 |
| [molecular phylogeny of canidae using mitochondrial cytochrome b dna sequences]. | 372 bp mitochondrial cytochrome b dna of blue fox, red fox, raccoon dog, and wolf were sequenced. combined with the dna fragments of dog, simien fox, and african wild dog, sequences were aligned and analyzed. there are 113 nucleotide sites substituted (30%). molecular phylogenetic tree constructed by nj method suggests that african wild dog is the earliest divergent. wolf, dog, and simien fox which belong to genus canis are combined into one branch which diverged earlier than raccoon dog, red fo ... | 2000 | 10883533 |
| clinical features of experimental trichinellosis in the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | three groups of six raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) were provided for the experiment: the first group was infected with pig-origin trichinella spiralis, the second with raccoon dog-origin trichinella nativa, and the third served as controls. infection dose for both parasite species was 1000 larvae/kg of body weight, which led to intense final infection. clinical signs, haematology and serum biochemistry with repeated blood samples were monitored up to 12 weeks post-infection. the most si ... | 2000 | 10889361 |
| listeriosis in a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) associated with canine distemper. | a wild raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) that manifested severe illness and died was examined. necropsy revealed severe emaciation, systemic icterus and petechial hemorrhages on the mucous membranes. histopathologically, necroses were seen in the liver and brain stem associated with meningitis. eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the spleen and intestinal mucosa, and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were seen in transitional epithelium in the bladder. l ... | 2000 | 10907692 |
| ezrin, a membrane-organizing protein, as a polarization marker of the retinal pigment epithelium in vertebrates. | immunoreactivity for ezrin, a membrane-organizing phosphoprotein that tethers actin microfilaments to cell membrane proteins, was evaluated as a polarization marker in the intraocular neuroepithelial cells of vertebrates, especially in the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe). six fetal human eyes representing the 14th-28th gestational weeks, 9 normal adult eyes, 12 eyes with intraocular tumors, and 26 eyes from 15 other vertebrate species were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the avidin-bioti ... | 2000 | 10955717 |
| the distribution of vitamin a and retinol-binding protein in the blood plasma, urine, liver and kidneys of carnivores. | the contents of retinol and retinyl esters as well as retinol-binding protein (rbp) in the plasma, urine, liver and kidneys of dogs, raccoon dogs and silver foxes were investigated. in the plasma and urine of all three species, vitamin a was present as retinol and retinyl esters. vitamin a levels (1376+/-669 microg x g(-1)) were significantly higher in the livers of dogs than in the kidneys (200+/-217 microg x g(-1), p < 0.001 ). however, vitamin a levels in the kidneys of raccoon dogs (291+/-14 ... | 2000 | 11129798 |
| effects of seasonality and fasting on the plasma leptin and thyroxin levels of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and the blue fox (alopex lagopus). | plasma leptin and thyroxin concentrations of eleven raccoon dogs and eleven blue foxes were monitored for 6 months. half of the animals were placed on a 3-week fast in november. leptin levels were low in summer, but in october they rose significantly. in november, leptin concentrations decreased rapidly within a week although the body mass of the animals remained stable. there were no significant differences between experimental groups for raccoon dogs, but in blue foxes the fasting group had lo ... | 2001 | 11169498 |
| distemper vaccination of farmed fur animals in finland. | the most important farmed fur animal species in finland are the american mink (mustela vison), blue fox (alopex lagopus), silver fox (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides); all are susceptible to canine distemper. the only distemper vaccines currently available are for mink, although they also have been used for fox and raccoon dogs in emergency situations. the efficacy in eliciting neutralizing antibodies and the safety of three mink-distemper vaccines were studied under fie ... | 2001 | 11267694 |
| properties of a new cdv isolate from a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) in japan. | | 2001 | 11271918 |
| mange caused by sarcoptes scabiei (acari: sarcoptidae) in wild raccoon dogs, nyctereutes procyonoides, in kanagawa prefecture, japan. | parasitological and histopathological examinations were performed in 25 raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) obtained in kanagawa prefecture, japan, all of which were found to be heavily infected with sarcoptes scabiei. the mites detected on these raccoon dogs were morphologically indistinguishable from the human species, and no demodex mites were detected. histopathological examinations showed prominent hyperkeratosis and acanthosis with eczema, and numerous burrows containing mites were obs ... | 2001 | 11346184 |
| effects of seasonality and fasting on the body mass and plasma growth hormone concentrations of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and the blue fox (alopex lagopus). | growth hormone (gh) promotes growth and endochondral ossification, but it is also important in the response to fasting due to its effects of increasing gluconeogenesis and lipolysis. in this study eleven raccoon dogs and blue foxes were followed for six months and their body mass and gh levels were measured. in november half of the animals of both species were put to a three-week fast. there were no significant differences in the gh levels between the animals of different ages and the subadults ... | 2001 | 11421462 |
| prevalence of dirofilarial infection in raccoon dogs in japan. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) is known to acquire canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) infection. we surveyed the prevalence of heartworm infection in free-ranging raccoon dogs in the nishi-tama (tokyo) and kanagawa areas of japan. a total of 75 raccoon dog carcasses, including 29 animals from the nishi-tama area and 46 from the kanagawa area, were necropsied between 1992 and 1993. eight out of 75 raccoon dogs were found to be infected (overall 10.7%). the prevalence of ... | 2000 | 11426580 |