| the ribosomal intergenic spacer and domain i of the 23s rrna gene are phylogenetic markers for chlamydia spp. | current methods used to classify chlamydia strains, including biological, morphological, and dna hybridization techniques and major outer membrane protein (omp1) gene analysis, can be imprecise or difficult to perform. to facilitate classification, 2.8-kb partial ribosomal dna (rdna) segments from a chlamydia trachomatis strain and a chlamydia psittaci strain were amplified by pcr and sequenced. subsequently, a 1,320-bp region in this segment, including both the 16s/23s intergenic spacer (232 +/ ... | 1997 | 9103637 |
| serological evidence of acute infection with the chlamydia-like microorganism simkania negevensis (z) in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | the aims of this study were twofold: (i) to test for possible associations between serological evidence of acute simkania negevensis (sn) infection and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and (ii) to examine the prevalence of past infections with sn in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. in 120 patients (63%) there was serological evidence of past infection with sn, which was not significantly different from the rate in a control population. in five hospi ... | 2002 | 12072944 |
| high rate of simkania negevensis among canadian inuit infants hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections. | to determine the prevalence of simkania negevensis in causing pulmonary infections in children, nasopharyngeal washes were obtained from 22 infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis in the baffin island, canada. 14 (63.6%) were positive for s. negevensis. mixed infections with other respiratory viruses were common. all patients recovered without specific antibiotic treatment. even though a high prevalence of s. negevensis was found, this organism may potentially well be an opportunistic agen ... | 2003 | 14514154 |
| factors improving the propagation of simkania negevensis strain z in cell culture. | the purpose of the present study was to develop an optimal method for culturing simkania negevensis. centrifugation was effective for the propagation of s. negevensis, but sonication was not effective. the addition of cycloheximide to the culture medium significantly decreased the number of inclusions. pretreatment of host monolayers with diethylaminoethyl-dextran or polyethylene glycol was detrimental. the most optimal conditions were centrifugation of the inocula onto untreated vero cells, and ... | 2004 | 15218218 |
| detection of mycobacteria and chlamydiae in granulomatous inflammation of reptiles: a retrospective study. | a retrospective study on reptile tissues presenting with granulomatous inflammation was performed to detect the possible presence of mycobacteria and chlamydiae in these lesions. ninety cases including 48 snakes, 27 chelonians, and 15 lizards were selected. mycobacteria were detected by ziehl-neelsen (zn) staining and a broad-range polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by dna sequencing. to detect chlamydiae, immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies against chlamydial lipopolysaccharid ... | 2004 | 15232139 |
| indirect immunofluorescence and real time pcr for detection of simkania negevensis infection in danish adults with persistent cough and in healthy controls. | simkania negevensis is a recently discovered intracellular organism that has been associated with respiratory tract infections. to determine the seroprevalence of the organism in adult danes and to study the association between the organism and persistent cough, we developed an immunofluorescence assay based on s. negevensis infected hep2 cells for antibody determination and a real time pcr assay for direct detection of the organism. among 100 healthy blood donors, 41 (41%) had igg antibodies to ... | 2005 | 15871163 |
| [the pathogenicity of amoebae-resisting chlamydiales]. | during the last 15 years, several new bacterial species related to chlamydia have been discovered within amoebae. their ability to grow within these professionnal phagocytes suggests that they are also resistant to destruction by other phagocytic cells such as alveolar macrophages and that they may be excellent candidates as new agents of pneumonia. there are growing evidence that these chlamydia-like organisms play a role as etiological agent of lower respiratory tract infections. thus, parachl ... | 2005 | 16152882 |
| infection with simkania negevensis in brooklyn, new york. | simkania negevensis is a chlamydia-like intracellular organism that is prevalent in populations from a wide range of geographic areas. the role of the organism in respiratory disease in the united states is unknown. | 2005 | 16282935 |
| simkania negevensis and newly diagnosed asthma: a case-control study in 1- to 6-year-old children. | simkania negevensis is an intracellular bacterium, sharing many characteristics with chlamydophila and chlamydia species. s. negevensis infection has been associated with bronchiolitis in infants and with pneumonia and exacerbations of copd in adults. | 2006 | 16423206 |
| detection of simkania negevensis by culture, pcr, and serology in respiratory tract infection in cornwall, uk. | respiratory tract infections are often treated empirically without investigation to detect the aetiological agent, which may be a virus or a bacterium, including atypical pathogens such as chlamydophila pneumoniae or mycoplasma pneumoniae. recently, several types chlamydia-like intracellular bacteria have been detected in environmental samples and clinical specimens. little is known of their geographical distribution and potential pathogenicity. we describe the detection, by pcr and isolation in ... | 2006 | 16505289 |
| conserved indels in essential proteins that are distinctive characteristics of chlamydiales and provide novel means for their identification. | all known chlamydiae are either proven human or animal pathogens or possess such potential. due to increasing reports of chlamydiae diversity in the environment, it is important to develop reliable means for identifying and characterizing chlamydiales species. the identification of environmental chlamydiae at present relies on their branching pattern in 16s rrna trees, as well as 16s/23s consensus motifs which display variability. at present, no reliable molecular signatures are known which are ... | 2005 | 16079343 |
| simkania negevensis and pneumonia in children. | | 2006 | 16645522 |
| resistance of different chlamydia-like organisms to quinolones and mutations in the quinoline resistance-determining region of the dna gyrase a- and topoisomerase-encoding genes. | parachlamydia acanthamoebae has been shown to be resistant to fluoroquinolones. in this study, we determined the susceptibility of neochlamydia hartmannellae and simkania negevensis to quinolones using amoebal co-culture in the presence of serial dilutions of ciprofloxacin. the gyra and parc quinoline resistance-determining regions (qrdrs) were amplified and sequenced, and amino acid substitutions that may explain the observed quinolone resistance were investigated. neochlamydia and simkania wer ... | 2006 | 16697560 |
| prevalence of antibodies against simkania negevensis in a healthy japanese population determined by the microimmunofluorescence test. | simkania negevensis has been associated with bronchiolitis in infants and community-acquired pneumonia in adults. reports of exposure to this microorganism are only available from israel, north america and western europe. currently, no standard method for diagnosis of s. negevensis infection has been established nor have prevalence rates been shown in japan. for the first time we demonstrated the ability of the microimmunofluorescence (mif) test to detect s. negevensis-specific immunoglobulin g ... | 2005 | 15607632 |
| emerging chlamydial infections. | chlamydiae are important intracellular bacterial pathogens of vertebrates. in the last years, novel members of this group have been discovered: parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis seems to be emerging respiratory human pathogens, while waddlia chondrophila might be a new agent of bovine abortion. various species have been showed to infect also the herpetofauna and fishes, and some novel chlamydiae are endosymbionts of arthropods. in addition, molecular studies evidenced a huge di ... | 2004 | 15239381 |
| evidence for the presence of simkania negevensis in drinking water and in reclaimed wastewater in israel. | simkania negevensis is a recently discovered chlamydia-like intracellular microorganism which has been associated with bronchiolitis in infants and with community-acquired pneumonia in adults; a high seroprevalence of antibodies to the microorganism has been found in various population groups. s. negevensis can be grown in various cell lines as well as in free-living amoebae such as acanthamoeba polyphaga. in this study, evidence for the existence of simkania or simkania-like microorganisms in d ... | 2004 | 15184130 |
| microorganisms resistant to free-living amoebae. | free-living amoebae feed on bacteria, fungi, and algae. however, some microorganisms have evolved to become resistant to these protists. these amoeba-resistant microorganisms include established pathogens, such as cryptococcus neoformans, legionella spp., chlamydophila pneumoniae, mycobacterium avium, listeria monocytogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and francisella tularensis, and emerging pathogens, such as bosea spp., simkania negevensis, parachlamydia acanthamoebae, and legionella-like amoebal ... | 2004 | 15084508 |
| simkania negevensis may be a true cause of community acquired pneumonia in children. | simkania negevensis, a recently found chlamydia-like organism, has been associated with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. s. negevensis findings have been common also in healthy, non-symptomatic subjects. antibodies to s. negevensis were measured by microimmunofluorescence in 174 frozen paired sera obtained from children with community acquired pneumonia in a population-based study. there was evidence of s. negevensis infection in 18 (10%) cases. all diagnoses were based on the presence o ... | 2008 | 17852931 |
| simkania negevensis in community-acquired pneumonia in italian children. | simkania negevensis, a recently found chlamydia-like organism, has been associated with respiratory infections in children and adults with pneumonia, but s. negevensis findings have been common also without any infection. the aims of the present paper were to evaluate s. negevensis in the aetiology of paediatric community-acquired pneumonia (cap), its seroprevalence in north italian children, and whether there is cross-reactivity between s. negevensis and chlamydia pneumoniae serology. antibodie ... | 2008 | 17907044 |
| the role of monocyte/macrophages as vehicles of dissemination of simkania negevensis: an in vitro simulation model. | exposure to simkania negevensis (sn), an intracellular microorganism that has been associated with respiratory tract infections in infants and adults, is prevalent. sn can multiply within free-living amoebae and has been detected in domestic water supplies, which may constitute a source of infection with the organism. its path of transport from its portal of entry to the body to its target organs is unknown. in this study, the possibility that monocytes/macrophages may serve as vehicles of trans ... | 2008 | 18081846 |
| active self-splicing group i introns in 23s rrna genes of hyperthermophilic bacteria, derived from introns in eukaryotic organelles. | group i introns are common in the 23 rrna genes of mitochondria and chloroplasts. often, they encode "homing endonucleases," which target highly conserved gene sequences and drive interorganellar intron mobility, even across species and genus lines. most bacterial 23s rrna genes show these same endonuclease-sensitive target sequences. however, only two bacterial 23s rrna genes are known to contain group i introns: that of simkania negevensis [everett, k. d., kahane, s., bush, r. m. & friedman, m ... | 2003 | 12947037 |
| infections with the chlamydia-like microorganism simkania negevensis, a possible emerging pathogen. | although evidence for the existence of numerous chlamydia-like microorganisms has been discovered in both environmental samples and clinical specimens, very few have been grown in vitro, and little is known of their pathogenic potential. of all such organisms, simkania negevensis is probably the most extensively studied. this review summarizes current knowledge about this intracellular bacterium, focusing especially on human infections. | 2003 | 12941393 |
| increasing diversity within chlamydiae. | in recent years, 16s ribosomal dna analyses has allowed the recognition of new chlamydia organisms, requiring the creation of new species, genera, and families within this unique, deep lineage of prokaryotes. the trachoma and psittaci groups chlamydiae are now recognized as separate genera, chlamydia and chlamydophila, respectively, and biovars of each group have been elevated to the species rank. simkania and parachlamydia have been associated with human respiratory infections, while waddlia se ... | 2003 | 12638718 |
| new parachlamydial 16s rdna phylotypes detected in human clinical samples. | chlamydiales are important intracellular bacterial pathogens, causing a wide variety of diseases in vertebrates, including humans. besides the well-known species in the family chlamydiaceae, new chlamydial organisms have recently been discovered, forming three new families: parachlamydiaceae, simkaniaceae and waddliaceae. parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis are currently investigated as emerging human respiratory pathogens. additional chlamydial lineages have been discovered by 1 ... | 2002 | 12455703 |
| protein signatures distinctive of chlamydial species: horizontal transfers of cell wall biosynthesis genes glmu from archaea to chlamydiae and mura between chlamydiae and streptomyces. | chlamydiae are major human and animal pathogens. based on alignments of different protein sequences, a number of conserved indels (insertion/deletions) were identified that appear to be unique and distinctive characteristics of the chlamydial species. the identified signatures include one 16 aa and two single aa inserts in the enzyme udp-n-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase (mura), a 1 aa insert in protein synthesis elongation factor p (ef-p), a 1 aa insert in the mg(2+) transport prote ... | 2002 | 12177347 |
| parachlamydiaceae: potential emerging pathogens. | parachlamydiaceae, which naturally infect amoebae, form a sister taxon to the chlamydiaceae on the basis of the chlamydia-like cycle of replication and 80% to 90% homology of ribosomal rna genes. because intra-amoebal growth could increase the virulence of some intracellular bacteria, parachlamydiaceae may be pathogenic. arguments supporting a pathogenic role are that chlamydia pneumoniae, a well-recognized agent of pneumonia, was shown to infect free-living amoebae and that another member of th ... | 2002 | 12023921 |
| the growth cycle of simkania negevensis. | simkania negevensis, a bacterium formerly referred to as 'the micro-organism z' or 'simkania z', belongs to the order chlamydiales, assigned to the family simkaniaceae: the purpose of this study was to investigate the production of simkania negevensis progeny in infected cells in comparison with the well-documented chlamydiaceae developmental cycle. it was found that replicating simkania negevensis in vero cells resembled the reticulate bodies of all known chlamydial species: in electron microgr ... | 2002 | 11882708 |
| fastidious intracellular bacteria as causal agents of community-acquired pneumonia. | intracellular bacteria are common causes of community-acquired pneumonia that grow poorly or not at all on standard culture media and do not respond to beta-lactam antibiotic therapy. apart from well-established agents of pneumonia such as legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci and coxiella burnetii, some new emerging pathogens have recently been recognized, mainly parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis, two chlamydia-related bacteria ... | 2010 | 20586563 |
| neospora caninum and waddlia chondrophila strain 2032/99 in a septic stillborn calf. | characteristics of an intracellularly growing micro-organism isolated from an aborted bovine foetus are described. the organism replicated within cytoplasmic vacuoles, was resistant to penicillin and exhibited structural characteristics compatible with waddlia chondrophila. an elisa specific for chlamydia spp., immunofluorescence tests using antibodies directed against chlamydia spp. or simkania negevensis, and pcr using chlamydia-specific primers showed that the agent was distinct from chlamydi ... | 2002 | 11852195 |
| chlamydia-related bacteria in respiratory samples in finland. | chlamydiarelated bacteria, new members of the order chlamydiales, are suggested to be associated with respiratory disease. we used real-time pcr to investigate the prevalence of parachlamydia acanthamoebae, protochlamydia spp., rhabdochlamydia spp., simkania negevensis and waddlia chondrophila in samples taken from patients with suspected respiratory tract infections. of the 531 samples analyzed, the subset of 136 samples contained 16 (11.8%) samples positive for rhabdochlamydia spp. dna. p. aca ... | 2011 | 21612765 |
| evidence for additional genus-level diversity of chlamydiales in the environment. | the medically important order chlamydiales has long been considered to contain a few closely related bacteria which occur exclusively in animals and humans. this perception of diversity and habitat had to be revised with the recent identification of the genera simkania, waddlia, parachlamydia, and neochlamydia with the latter two comprising endosymbionts of amoebae. application of a newly developed pcr assay for the specific amplification of a near full length 16s rdna fragment of these novel ch ... | 2001 | 11682181 |
| infection of acanthamoeba polyphaga with simkania negevensis and s. negevensis survival within amoebal cysts. | simkania negevensis, a novel microorganism belonging to the family simkaniaceae in the order chlamydiales, has an intracellular developmental cycle during which two morphological entities, elementary bodies (eb) and reticulate bodies (rb), are seen by electron microscopy. rates of seropositivity to the organism are high in certain population groups, and s. negevensis has been associated with respiratory illness in humans. this study reports for the first time the ability of s. negevensis to surv ... | 2001 | 11571186 |
| phylogenetic diversity among geographically dispersed chlamydiales endosymbionts recovered from clinical and environmental isolates of acanthamoeba spp. | the recently proposed reorganization of the order chlamydiales and description of new taxa are broadening our perception of this once narrowly defined taxon. we have recovered four strains of gram-negative cocci endosymbiotic in acanthamoeba spp., representing 5% of the acanthamoeba sp. isolates examined, which displayed developmental life cycles typical of members of the chlamydiales. one of these endosymbiont strains was found stably infecting an amoebic isolate recovered from a case of amoebi ... | 2000 | 10831445 |
| characterization of the rnpb gene and rnase p rna in the order chlamydiales. | the sequence of the rnase p rna gene (rnpb) was determined for 60 strains representing all nine species in the family chlamydiaceae and for the related chlamydiales species, parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis. these sequences were used to infer evolutionary relationships among the chlamydiaceae. the analysis separated chlamydophila and chlamydia into two lineages, with chlamydophila forming three distinct clusters: the chlamydophila pneumoniae strains; the chlamydophila pecorum ... | 2000 | 10826799 |
| an unspliced group i intron in 23s rrna links chlamydiales, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. | chlamydia was the only genus in the order chlamydiales until the recent characterization of simkania negevensis z(t) and parachlamydia acanthamoebae strains. the present study of chlamydiales 23s ribosomal dna (rdna) focuses on a naturally occurring group i intron in the i-cpai target site of 23s rdna from s. negevensis. the intron, snlsu. 1, belonged to the ib4 structural subgroup and was most closely related to large ribosomal subunit introns that express single-motif, laglidadg endonucleases ... | 1999 | 10438738 |
| lack of effective anti-apoptotic activities restricts growth of parachlamydiaceae in insect cells. | the fundamental role of programmed cell death in host defense is highlighted by the multitude of anti-apoptotic strategies evolved by various microbes, including the well-known obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae. as inhibition of apoptosis is assumed to be essential for a successful infection of humans by these chlamydiae, we analyzed the anti-apoptotic capacity of close relatives that occur as symbionts of amoebae and might ... | 2012 | 22253735 |
| simkania negevensis strain zt: growth, antigenic and genome characteristics. | simkania negevensis is the type species of simkaniaceae, a recently proposed family in the order chlamydiales. in the current study, growth, antigenic and genomic characteristics of this intracellular bacterium were investigated and compared to those of members of the family chlamydiaceae. growth of the organism, as assessed by infectivity assays, reached a plateau in 2-3 d although by light microscopy the cytopathic effect on the host cells increased for 12 or more days after infection. s. nege ... | 1999 | 10319507 |
| emended description of the order chlamydiales, proposal of parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms. | the current taxonomic classification of chlamydia is based on limited phenotypic, morphologic and genetic criteria. this classification does not take into account recent analysis of the ribosomal operon or recently identified obligately intracellular organisms that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication. neither does it provide a systematic rationale for identifying new strains. in this study, phylogenetic analyses of the 16s and 23s rrna genes are presented with corroborating ... | 1999 | 10319462 |
| seroprevalence of igg antibodies to the chlamydia-like microorganism 'simkania z' by elisa. | the newly described microorganism 'simkania z', related to the chlamydiae, has been shown to be associated with bronchiolitis in infants and community acquired pneumonia in adults. the prevalence of infection in the general population is unknown. a simple elisa assay for the detection of serum igg antibodies to 'simkania z' was used to determine the prevalence of such antibodies in several population samples in southern israel (the negev). the groups tested included 94 medical and nursing studen ... | 1999 | 10098794 |
| molecular evidence for the existence of additional members of the order chlamydiales. | respiratory tract infections in man may be caused by several members of the genus chlamydia and also by two chlamydia-like strains, 'simkania negevensis' (z-agent) and 'parachlamydia acanthamoebae' (bng). to facilitate diagnostic procedures a pcr assay able to detect all known chlamydiaceae sequences in one reaction was developed. for this purpose, primers were selected to amplify a fragment of the 16s rrna gene. characterization of the amplified fragments was done by hybridization with specific ... | 1999 | 10075423 |
| high prevalence of "simkania z," a novel chlamydia-like bacterium, in infants with acute bronchiolitis. | the newly described microorganism "simkania z" ("z"), an obligate intracellular, penicillin-resistant microorganism most closely related to the chlamydiae, has been associated with adult community-acquired pneumonia. the possible involvement of "z" in bronchiolitis in infants was examined in a prospective study of 239 infants with bronchiolitis and 78 controls. other potential etiologic agents sought were respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus. evidence for the presen ... | 1998 | 9593040 |
| pathogenic potential of novel chlamydiae and diagnostic approaches to infections due to these obligate intracellular bacteria. | novel chlamydiae are newly recognized members of the phylum chlamydiales that are only distantly related to the classic chlamydiaceae, i.e., chlamydia and chlamydophila species. they also exhibit an obligate biphasic intracellular life cycle within eukaryote host cells. some of these new chlamydiae are currently considered potential emerging human and/or animal pathogens. parachlamydia acanthamoebae and simkania negevensis are both emerging respiratory human pathogens, waddlia chondrophila could ... | 2006 | 16614250 |
| domestic water supplies as a possible source of infection with simkania. | simkania negevensis, a chlamydia-like microorganism that has been associated with respiratory infections in children and adults, can multiply within free-living amoebae; moreover, it has been detected in domestic water supplies. the aim of this study was to determine whether there is similarity between simkania organisms found in water and those detected in clinical samples. | 2007 | 16542731 |
| lateral transfers of serine hydroxymethyltransferase (glya) and udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) genes from free-living actinobacteria to the parasitic chlamydiae. | the chlamydiae are important human and animal pathogens which form a phylogentically distinct lineage within the bacteria. there is evidence that some genes in these obligate intracellular parasites have undergone lateral exchange with other free-living organisms. in the present work, we describe two interesting cases of lateral gene transfer between chlamydiae and actinobacteria, which have been identified based on the shared presence of conserved inserts in two important proteins. in the enzym ... | 2006 | 16830093 |
| simkania negevensis in bronchoalveolar lavage of lung transplant recipients: a possible association with acute rejection. | simkania negevensis is a novel organism closely related to chlamydiae. the organism has been associated with community acquired pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. the prevalence and pathogenic potential of s. negevensis is not known in lung transplant recipients. | 2007 | 17264809 |
| versatility of simkania negevensis infection in vitro and induction of host cell inflammatory cytokine response. | simkania negevensis (sn) is an intracellular microorganism belonging to the family simkaniaceae in the order chlamydiales and has been associated with respiratory tract infections in infants and adults. the aim of this study was to analyze the outcome of sn infection in different cell types. | 2007 | 17466379 |
| chlamydial symbionts in the enigmatic xenoturbella (deuterostomia). | ultrastructural observations of the gastrodermal cells in the enigmatic xenoturbella revealed numerous chlamydiae. they are related to "candidatus fritschea" and simkania (simkaniaceae) based on 16s and 23s rrna. their 23s rrna gene contains an intron encoding a putative homing endonuclease. the chlamydiae were pleomorphic and formed intravacuolar colonies. they have flattened disk-shaped elementary bodies, either oval or bow tie-shaped in cross-section, and reticulate bodies that are spherical, ... | 2007 | 17599345 |
| emerging role of chlamydia and chlamydia-like organisms in adverse pregnancy outcomes. | this review considers the roles of chlamydia spp. and newly identified chlamydia-like organisms in miscarriage, stillbirths and preterm labour in both animals and humans. | 2008 | 18192789 |
| multi locus sequence typing of chlamydiales: clonal groupings within the obligate intracellular bacteria chlamydia trachomatis. | the obligate intracellular growing bacterium chlamydia trachomatis causes diseases like trachoma, urogenital infection and lymphogranuloma venereum with severe morbidity. several serovars and genotypes have been identified, but these could not be linked to clinical disease or outcome. the related chlamydophila pneumoniae, of which no subtypes are recognized, causes respiratory infections worldwide. we developed a multi locus sequence typing (mlst) scheme to understand the population genetic stru ... | 2008 | 18307777 |
| parachlamydia acanthamoebae, an emerging agent of pneumonia. | parachlamydia acanthamoebae is a chlamydia-like organism that easily grows within acanthamoeba spp. thus, it probably uses these widespread free-living amoebae as a replicative niche, a cosmopolite aquatic reservoir and a vector. a potential role of p. acanthamoebae as an agent of lower respiratory tract infection was initially suggested by its isolation within an acanthamoeba sp. recovered from the water of a humidifier during the investigation of an outbreak of fever. additional serological an ... | 2009 | 19220336 |
| simkania negevensis infection among brazilian children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. | | 2009 | 19232738 |
| development of a real-time pcr for the specific detection of waddlia chondrophila in clinical samples. | waddlia chondrophila is considered as an emerging human pathogen likely involved in miscarriage and lower respiratory tract infections. given the low sensitivity of cell culture to recover such an obligate intracellular bacteria, molecular-based diagnostic approaches are warranted. we thus developed a real-time pcr that amplifies waddlia chondrophila dna. specific primers and probe were selected to target the 16s rrna gene. the pcr specifically amplified w. chondrophila but did not amplify other ... | 2009 | 19727868 |
| amoebal pathogens as emerging causal agents of pneumonia. | abstract despite using modern microbiological diagnostic approaches, the aetiological agents of pneumonia remain unidentified in about 50% of cases. some bacteria that grow poorly or not at all in axenic media used in routine clinical bacteriology laboratory but which can develop inside amoebae may be the agents of these lower respiratory tract infections (rtis) of unexplained aetiology. such amoebae-resisting bacteria, which coevolved with amoebae to resist their microbicidal machinery, may hav ... | 2009 | 20113355 |
| comparison of five commercial serological tests for the detection of anti-chlamydia trachomatis antibodies. | screening for chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibodies is valuable in investigating recurrent miscarriage, tubal infertility and extrauterine pregnancy. we compared here the performance of immunofluorescence (if) to four other commercial tests in detecting igg antibodies directed against c. trachomatis: two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) using the major outer membrane protein (momp) as the antigen, commercialised respectively by medac and r-biopharm (rb), one elisa using the chlamy ... | 2010 | 20349260 |
| nucleotide parasitism by simkania negevensis (chlamydiae). | intracellular bacteria live in an environment rich in most essential metabolites but need special mechanisms to access these substrates. nucleotide transport proteins (ntts) catalyze the import of atp and other nucleotides from the eukaryotic host into the bacterial cell and render de novo synthesis of these compounds dispensable. the draft genome sequence of simkania negevensis strain z, a chlamydial organism considered a newly emerging pathogen, revealed four genes encoding putative nucleotide ... | 2010 | 20971898 |
| evolutionary conservation of infection-induced cell death inhibition among chlamydiales. | control of host cell death is of paramount importance for the survival and replication of obligate intracellular bacteria. among these, human pathogenic chlamydia induces the inhibition of apoptosis in a variety of different host cells by directly interfering with cell death signaling. however, the evolutionary conservation of cell death regulation has not been investigated in the order chlamydiales, which also includes chlamydia-like organisms with a broader host spectrum. here, we investigated ... | 2011 | 21799887 |
| activity of cathelicidin peptides against simkania negevensis. | the in vitro activity of six cathelicidin peptides against the reference strain z of simkania negevensis was investigated. five peptides-pg-1, bac7, smap-29, bmap-27, and bmap-28-proved to be active at very low concentrations (1 to 0.1?µg/ml), while ll-37 cathelicidin was ineffective even at a concentration of 100?µg/ml. in comparison to chlamydiae, s. negevensis proved to be more susceptible to the antimicrobial peptides tested. | 2011 | 21760820 |
| unity in variety - the pan-genome of the chlamydiae. | chlamydiae are evolutionarily well-separated bacteria that live exclusively within eukaryotic host cells. they include important human pathogens such as chlamydia trachomatis as well as symbionts of protozoa. as these bacteria are experimentally challenging and genetically intractable, our knowledge about them is still limited. in this study, we obtained the genome sequences of simkania negevensis z, waddlia chondrophila 2032/99 and parachlamydia acanthamoebae uv-7. this enabled us to perform th ... | 2011 | 21690563 |
| prevalence study of simkania negevensis in cooling towers in spain. | simkania negevensis is an obligate intracellular bacterium grouped into the order chlamydiales. this new amoeba-resistant intracellular bacterium might represent a novel etiologic agent of bronchiolitis and community-acquired pneumonia and occurs in aquatic habitats such as drinking water and reclaimed wastewater. another amoeba-related bacterium, legionella pneumophila, is an etiologic agent of pneumonia transmitted by environmental aerosols or contaminated water/air cooling systems. these tran ... | 2011 | 21942196 |
| Searching Simkania negevensis in environmental waters. | Simkania negevensis is an obligate intracellular bacterium grouped into the order Chlamydiales. This new amoeba-resistant bacterium represents a novel aetiologic agent of bronchiolitis and community-acquired pneumonia in both adults and children. It has been suggested that Simkania could be an ubiquitous microorganism presented in water environments. In the natural history of infections with amoeba-related bacteria encountered in aquatic habitats, the transmissions by environmental aerosols or c ... | 2011 | 22135095 |