| transfer of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance from streptococci to lactobacilli. | the transmissible plasmid pambeta1, which codes for erythromycin and lincomycin resistance, was conjugally transferred from a lancefield group f streptococcus to a strain of streptococcus avium. both organisms served as pambeta1 donors for three strains of lactobacillus casei. introduction of pambeta1 into one of the l. casei strains caused the organism to lose its native 6.7 x 10(6)-dalton plasmid. loss of the native plasmid produced no alterations in the organism's growth characteristics or fe ... | 1979 | 104973 |
| enterococcus avium bacteremia in association with ulcerative colitis. | the enterococci are common human pathogens. enterococcus avium is a rare cause of infection in humans. a variety of immunological alterations in the intestinal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis may predispose them to unusual organisms. we report the first case of e. avium bacteremia in a patient with ulcerative colitis. | 1992 | 1539577 |
| enterococcal and streptococcal species isolated from faeces of calves, young cattle and dairy cows. | faeces from non-ruminating calves were found to contain several species of enterococci: enterococcus avium, ent. cecorum, ent. durans, ent. faecalis, ent. faecium and ent. hirae. enterococcus faecalis was the most frequent. few of these animals carried streptococci. streptococcus bovis largely predominated in ruminating calves, young cattle and dairy cows. other streptococci as well as enterococci were infrequent in dairy cows, but a variety of other streptococci and enterococci were found in th ... | 1992 | 1541597 |
| comparison of ly264826-gentamicin with vancomycin-gentamicin against enterococci from blood cultures. | the combination of the new glycopeptide ly264826 and gentamicin was compared with the combination of vancomycin and gentamicin against 30 strains of enterococci, comprising 20 strains of enterococcus faecalis, five strains of enterococcus faecium and five strains of enterococcus avium, isolated from blood cultures. ly264826 plus gentamicin was synergic against e. faecalis and e. faecium, but not against e. avium. | 1992 | 1592699 |
| [affinities of pbps of enterococci to cefepime and ampicillin]. | the beta-lactam resistance of genus streptococcus has been explained by the low binding affinity of penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) to the drug. this study was carried out to resolve the mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in the species of genus enterococcus by means of binding affinities of pbps. streptococcus pyogenes, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium and enterococcus avium were employed as assay microbes. cefepime (cfpm) and ampicillin (abpc) were used as repres ... | 1992 | 1608172 |
| [clinical features of enterococcal septicemia and antimicrobial susceptibilities for clinical isolates of enterococci in nagoya university hospital]. | enterococci are important causative organisms of nosocomial infections as well as methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. enterococcal bacteremia has been increased in nagoya university hospital from april 1983 to march 1990. we analyzed the clinical backgrounds, portal of entry and mortality for the patients with enterococcal septicemia. thirty-four cases with enterococcal septicemia (24 enterococcus faecalis, 10 enterococcus faecium) were subjected in this study ... | 1991 | 1761891 |
| composition of the enterococcal and streptococcal intestinal flora of poultry. | identification to species level showed that enterococcus faecalis and ent. faecium largely dominated the enterococcal and streptococcal gut flora of 1-d-old chicks. enterococcus faecalis was rare in 3- to 5-week-old broilers. two species, ent. faecium and streptococcus alactolyticus, were isolated from nearly all broilers examined. enterococcus hirae and ent. durans were found in the small intestines of this category of poultry. in layers and parent stock of over 12 weeks of age, ent. cecorum do ... | 1991 | 1910033 |
| comparison of enterococcus raffinosus with enterococcus avium on the basis of penicillin susceptibility, penicillin-binding protein analysis, and high-level aminoglycoside resistance. | we reidentified our laboratories' collections of 57 enterococcal isolates previously classified as enterococcus avium by the api rapid strep identification system (analytab products, plainview, n.y.) with the identification criteria recommended by facklam and collins (r. r. facklam and m. d. collins, j. clin. microbiol. 27: 731-734, 1989). thirty isolates were identified as true e. avium, 25 isolates were identified as e. raffinosus, and 2 isolates were identified as e. pseudoavium. e. raffinosu ... | 1991 | 1929301 |
| [the influence of cefpirome on intestinal bacterial flora]. | cefpirome (cpr, hr810), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its effect on the intestinal bacterial flora in pediatric patients. the subjects were children admitted for infections (6 males and 3 females, 1 month to 5 years 1 month old, weighted 3.94 to 21.0 kg). cpr was intravenously administered at a dose between 19.0 to 40.0 mg/kg, 3 to 4 doses daily over 6 to 12 days. the feces from these children were collected before, during, and after administration, and bacteria were ... | 1991 | 2041149 |
| species identities of enterococci isolated from clinical specimens. | conventional tests and commercially available systems were used to determine the species identities of clinical isolates of enterococci. strict adherence to the conventional test scheme of facklam and collins (r. r. facklam and m. d. collins, j. clin. microbiol. 27:731-734, 1989) resulted in the misidentification of lactose-negative enterococcus faecalis isolates as enterococcus solitarius, but this problem was overcome by the application of additional tests. the commercially available systems t ... | 1990 | 2108992 |
| studies of the subgingival microflora in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | two unique forms of periodontal disease, hiv-gingivitis and hiv-periodontitis, have been described in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in order to determine the bacterial species associated with periodontitis in aids patients, the predominant cultivable microflora was examined in 21 subgingival plaque samples from 11 aids patients with periodontitis. the presence of putative periodontal pathogens including actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides intermedius, por ... | 1990 | 2123926 |
| uncommon pathways of metabolism among lactic acid bacteria. | a small number of lactic acid bacteria possess the ability to derive energy from organic molecules not utilized by the vast majority of representatives of this large group of microorganisms. thus, strains of lactobacillus casei and enterococci readily grow at the expense of substrates such as gluconate, malate and pentitols. transport of gluconate and pentitols is catalysed by phosphotransferase systems unique to these bacteria. similarly, the initial steps in pentitol dissimilation are mediated ... | 1990 | 2271221 |
| enterococcus columbae, a species from pigeon intestines. | gram-positive cocci which dominate in the intestinal flora of domestic pigeons were found to constitute a new species of the genus enterococcus. the strains were most closely related to enterococcus cecorum, originally described as streptococcus cecorum, a carboxyphilic species from chicken intestines, and to enterococcus avium. the pigeon strains resemble e. cecorum and also many e. avium strains in their lack of group d antigen and in being more sensitive to nacl than other enterococci. the ty ... | 1990 | 2272492 |
| identification of lactococci and enterococci by colony hybridization with 23s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes. | specific sequences of 23s rrna of lactococcus lactis, enterococcus faecalis, enteroccus faecium, and enterococcus malodoratus/enterococcus avium were identified, and complementary oligonucleotide probes were synthesized. the specificity of the probes was evaluated by dot blot and colony hybridizations. the probes can be used for the specific detection and identification of colonies of the corresponding species in mixed cultures. | 1990 | 2275539 |
| enterococcus avium septicemia in an immunocompromised patient. | | 1990 | 2373091 |
| the enterococci: evidence of species-specific clinical and microbiologic heterogeneity. | investigations of the clinical role of enterococci have been limited largely to enterococcal bacteremia and endocarditis and have not distinguished between the various species of enterococci. to characterize the full spectrum of enterococcal disease and to determine whether clinically important differences exist among infections and/or instances of colonization (infections/colonizations) by the various enterococcal species, cases of enterococcal infection/colonization diagnosed at the dallas vet ... | 1989 | 2705463 |
| in vivo and in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin plus azlocillin against 12 streptococcal isolates in a neutropenic site model. | closed-space neutropenic infection sites were simulated in rabbits by subcutaneous semipermeable chambers that were inoculated with 5 x 10(4) cfu/ml of various strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus avium. four hours after inoculation, treatment was begun with ciprofloxacin, 10 or 30 mg/kg, azlocillin, 100 mg/kg, amikacin, 15 mg/kg, procaine penicillin g, 300 u/dose, or gentamicin, 2 mg/kg, alone and in two-drug combinations. antimicrobials were given intr ... | 1987 | 3115671 |
| effect of different preservative treatments on the microbial population of nigerian orange juice. | the effect of different preservative treatments on the microbial load of nigerian orange juice was studied over a period of 1 month. results obtained indicated that pasteurization at 60 degrees and 80 degrees c for 20 to 40 min, freezing at -5 degrees c, and addition of sodium benzoate at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.4% (w/v) could form a microbiological basis for the preservation of the juice for 1 month. leuconostoc mesenteroides, l. paramesenteroides, streptococcus avium, lactobacillus plantar ... | 1987 | 3316936 |
| group q streptococci. i. ecology, serology, physiology, and relationship to established enterococci. | the group q streptococci possess unique serological and physiological characteristics which differentiate them from established enterococci. the group q antigen was not demonstrable in all strains; however, all possessed the group d antigen. all group q strains were physiologically similar regardless of whether or not they possessed the group q antigen. these strains differed from the established enterococcal species, as they neither hydrolyzed arginine nor initiated growth in 1.0% methylene blu ... | 1967 | 4962699 |
| group q streptococci. ii. nutritional characteristics and growth relationship to thymine, folate, and folinate. | the vitamin requirements of the group q streptococci (streptococcus avium) and the established enterococcal species (s. faecalis and s. faecium) paralleled one another, although s. avium did not characteristically require riboflavine or pyridoxal. s. avium was further differentiated in that it required thymine for growth initiation whether or not folate was present. folate was stimulatory in the presence of sub-optimal concentrations of thymine, as well as during the early growth period with opt ... | 1967 | 4962700 |
| purification and characterization of the iiixtl phospho-carrier protein of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent xylitol:phosphotransferase found in lactobacillus casei c183. | the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent xylitol:phosphotransferase system of lactobacillus casei strain c183 requires a small, soluble, substrate-specific protein for catalytic activity. designated enzyme iiixtl (or iiixtl), the protein was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity and characterized. iiixtl, as purified, is a single polypeptide composed of 109 amino acid residues. it has an estimated molecular weight of 12,000 and is hydrophobic in nature. the hydrophobicity of iiixtl is apparently due ... | 1983 | 6415035 |
| [drug sensitivity and expression of beta-lactamase in enterococci isolated at okayama university hospital]. | the following results were obtained from a study of enterococci isolated at the okayama university hospital from 1990 to 1994. 1) the isolation frequency of enterococci was about 6% for each year. 2) the percentage of enterococcus faecalis (e. faecalis) among enterococci decreased each year, but the percentage of enterococcus faecium (e. faecium), and enterococcus avium (e. avium) increased each year. 3) results of drug sensitivity tests revealed that the incidence of ofloxacin (oflx) resistant ... | 1995 | 7594786 |
| inducible and constitutive expression of resistance to glycopeptides and vancomycin dependence in glycopeptide-resistant enterococcus avium. | a clinical isolate of enterococcus avium, ea1, which exhibited inducible, low-level resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin, and two mutants selected from this strain, ea3 and ea31, were studied. ea3 was vancomycin dependent and derived from ea1, while ea31 was not vancomycin dependent, was constitutively resistant, and was derived from ea3. hybridization studies revealed that vana was present in ea1 and suggested that it was located on a high-molecular-weight plasmid. in the absence of inducti ... | 1995 | 7785979 |
| transient, asymptomatic bacteremia due to enterococcus avium in a 33-month-old child. | | 1994 | 7811892 |
| bacteremia due to enterococcus avium. | enterococcus avium, formerly "group q streptococcus," has rarely been reported as a pathogen in humans. to determine the clinical significance of this organism, we reviewed the records of all patients whose blood cultures were positive for e. avium who were seen at our institution from 1986 through 1991 and identified nine cases of bacteremia due to e. avium. all isolates were believed to be clinically significant. five of nine cases developed in patients with significant gastrointestinal illnes ... | 1993 | 8110922 |
| growth inhibition of clostridium difficile by intestinal flora of infant faeces in continuous flow culture. | growth of clostridium difficile was inhibited more strongly in continuous flow (cf) culture with c. difficile-negative faeces of infants than with c. difficile-positive faeces. culture of faecal flora of infants yielded a greater variety of bacterial species in c. difficile-negative than in c. difficile-positive faeces. in the mixed cf culture of c. difficile with enterococcus avium, bacteroides distasonis, eubacterium lentum, c. ramosum, c. perfringens and either escherichia coli or klebsiella ... | 1994 | 8114067 |
| effect of a defined continuous-flow derived bacterial culture and dietary lactose on salmonella typhimurium colonization in broiler chickens. | a defined bacterial culture protective against salmonella typhimurium cecal colonization in broiler chicks was derived utilizing a continuous-flow (cf) culture apparatus. chicks receiving the cf culture in combination with a diet containing dietary lactose were protected against cecal colonization by s. typhimurium. the culture consisted of a mixture of gram-positive and gram-negative facultative and strictly anaerobic bacteria. the isolates were identified as enterococcus avium, two strains of ... | 1993 | 8141728 |
| comparison of patients with enterococcal bacteremia due to strains with and without high-level resistance to gentamicin. | patients with enterococcal bacteremia due to strains with and without high-level gentamicin resistance (hlgr; mic, > 2,000 mg/l) were compared. between 1986 and 1991, there were 178 episodes of enterococcal bacteremia: 47 and 131 episodes, respectively, due to enterococcal strains with and without hlgr. sixty-two, 57, and 59 episodes, respectively, were in patients with transient bacteremia (a single positive blood culture), bacteremia (two or more positive blood cultures), and polymicrobial bac ... | 1993 | 8353250 |
| comparison of in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal activities of daptomycin (ly 146032) and four reference antibiotics, singly and in combination, against gentamicin-susceptible and high-level-gentamicin-resistant enterococci. | the in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal activities of daptomycin and reference antibiotics were determined by serial macrobroth dilution for 23 gentamicin-susceptible (mic: < 2,000 mg/l) and 21 high-level-gentamicin-resistant (hlgr) enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, and enterococcus avium isolates. the activities of daptomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin were independent of the gentamicin susceptibility profile and species tested. for all the isolates, the inhibitory activity of dap ... | 1993 | 8396526 |
| [study on purple pigmentation in five cases with purple urine bag syndrome]. | we reported five patients with purple urine bag syndrome (pubs). four patients had indicanuria, and, in three of them, purple pigmentation was reproduced by inoculating urinary isolates, in the broth with indoxyl sulfate. klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus avium were considered to produce the purple pigment in three patients. however, attempts to reproduce the purple pigment failed in two patients, and one of them did not have indicanuria. these results suggest that i ... | 1995 | 8708407 |
| plasmid-borne high-level resistance to gentamicin in enterococcus hirae, enterococcus avium, and enterococcus raffinosus. | enterococcus hirae, e. avium, and e. raffinosus isolated in romania, tunisia, and portugal harbored plasmids picc8, pip1700, and pip1701, respectively, encoding resistance to high levels of gentamicin (gmr). the gmr marker was carried on pip1700 by a tn4001-like element and on picc8 and pip1701 by tn4001-truncated structures. picc8 carried, in addition to gmr, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline-minocycline (tetm) resistance determinants. the gene tetm of picc8 was carried on a tn916 ... | 1996 | 8723479 |
| [bacteremia caused by enterococcus avium secondary to thrombosis of the lateral sinus and the internal jugular vein]. | | 1996 | 8991452 |
| species identification of enterococci via intergenic ribosomal pcr. | accurate species identification of enterococci has become important with the wide prevalence of acquired vancomycin resistance and the presence of less epidemiologically important, inherently vancomycin-resistant enterococci. using a collection of enterococcal strains, we found that pcr amplification of the intergenic spacer (its-pcr) between the 16s and 23s rrna genes can produce amplicon profiles characteristic of the enterococcus examined. the species examined were group i enterococci (entero ... | 1997 | 9114380 |
| vancomycin dependence in a vana-producing enterococcus avium strain with a nonsense mutation in the natural d-ala-d-ala ligase gene. | | 1997 | 9174213 |
| isolation of enterococcus avium from bile and blood in a patient with acute cholecystitis. | the isolation of enterococcus avium from bile fluid and blood of an uncompromised patient with acute cholecystitis is reported. as advanced identification of enterococcus sp. by biochemical and physiological tests is not routinely done, the occurrence of e. avium infections may be underestimated. | 1997 | 9279729 |
| in-vitro activity of spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination against clinical isolates from odontogenic abscesses. | one hundred and forty-eight isolates of bacteria from 20 intraoral odontogenic abscesses were tested for their susceptibility to spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination. all isolates, except rothia spp. (one), enterococcus avium (three), haemophilus parainfluenzae (one) and staphylococcus aureus (one) were sensitive to spiramycin and/or metronidazole. among the anaerobes, spiramycin as well as metronidazole showed good antimicrobial activity against species of prevotella, eubacteriu ... | 1997 | 9338486 |
| vancomycin-resistant enterococcus raffinosus: molecular epidemiology, species identification error, and frequency of occurrence in a national resistance surveillance program. | enterococcal blood stream infections are the third most common among all nosocomial blood stream infections in the united states and the occurrence of glycopeptide (vancomycin, teicoplanin) resistance in these isolates has markedly increased. control of hospital-acquired infections with vancomycin-resistant enterococci requires high quality antimicrobial susceptibility test methods and species identification procedures as a supplement to epidemiologic investigation and appropriate infection cont ... | 1997 | 9350415 |
| in vitro susceptibility studies and detection of vancomycin resistance genes in clinical isolates of enterococci in nagasaki, japan. | glycopeptide resistance in enterococci is now a cause of clinical concern in the united states and europe. however, details of vancomycin resistance in enterococci in japan have been unknown. we measured minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of various antimicrobial agents for a total of 218 clinical strains of enterococci isolated in our hospital in 1995-6 in addition to 15 strains with known genotypic markers of resistance. we also screened vancomycin resistance genes using a single step mu ... | 1997 | 9363016 |
| [comparative antimicrobial activity of rp 59,500 (quinupristin-dalfopristin), the first semisynthetic injectable streptgramin, against gram-positive cocci and other recent clinical pathogens]. | rp 59,500 (quinupristin-dalfopristin) is the first semisynthetic injectable streptogramin antimicrobial agent, which is a combination of quinupristin and dalfopristin in a 30:70 ratio. the components of rp 59,500 act synergically to provide bactericidal activity through action at different sites on bacterial ribosomes. in the present study, the antimicrobial activity of rp 59,500 was compared with those of four macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin). susceptibilit ... | 1997 | 9412874 |
| endocarditis caused by enterococcus avium. | enterococcus avium has rarely been reported as a pathogen in humans. we describe a case of endocarditis caused by e. avium. it responded to ampicillin and gentamicin, although a valve replacement was necessary for severe aortic insufficiency. this microorganism should be regarded as significant in endocarditis. | 1997 | 9435051 |
| identification and characterization of proteolytic activity of enterococcus spp. isolated from milk and roncal and idiazábal cheese. | roncal and idiazábal cheeses are manufactured from ewe's milk in the autonomous region of navarre in spain. levels of enterococci are high in these cheeses and in other types of ewe's-milk cheeses. the present study has identified enterococci present in the milk used and in the roncal and idiazábal cheeses after 120 days of ripening. a total of 282 strains were isolated and identified, and the cytoplasmic and extracellular enzymatic activities of some of the strains were assessed. the dominating ... | 1997 | 9498133 |
| detection and quantification of poultry probiotic bacteria in mixed culture using monoclonal antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | murine monoclonal antibodies were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection and quantification of selected probiotic bacteria present in a continuous-flow competitive exclusion culture known to be effective at reducing chicken cecal and crop colonization by salmonella typhimurium. veillonella, enterococcus avium and s. typhimurium were grown anaerobically in batch culture of viande levure broth in pure culture and mixed culture. the mixed cultures produced significan ... | 1997 | 9506283 |
| late infection of a breast prosthesis with enterococcus avium. | | 1998 | 9655432 |
| enterococcus asini sp. nov. isolated from the caecum of donkeys (equus asinus). | several gram-positive, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacteria consisting of pairs or chains of cocci were isolated during an investigation of the bacterial flora of the caecum of donkeys. physiological and metabolic data indicated that the strains belong to the genus enterococcus; phenotypic traits of these organisms were not consistent with any of the currently known enterococcus species. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis placed these strains in the genus enterococcus. their closest relatives ... | 1998 | 9731276 |
| clonal diversity of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from an outbreak in a tertiary care university hospital. | enterococci have become important nosocomial pathogens and now account for approximately 12% of nosocomial infections. enterococci can be transferred from patient to patient and from health care personnel to patient. we investigated the clonal diversity of vancomycinresistant enterococci (vre) causing an outbreak of infections and attempted to determine the patterns of spread of these bacteria in a university hospital. | 1998 | 9836839 |
| enterococcal bacteremia in children: a review of seventy-five episodes in a pediatric hospital. | enterococcal bacteremia is being increasingly reported. although there have been a number of recent studies of enterococcal bacteremia in adults, there are few studies involving children. we carried out a prospective study to determine the epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of such bacteremia in children. | 1998 | 9877366 |
| heterogeneity of resistance elements in clinical isolates of enterococci with high-level gentamicin resistance. | high-level resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration, mic > 1,000 micrograms/ml) to gentamicin (hlgr) in enterococci is common in taiwan. in this study, we investigated the distribution of gentamicin resistance elements in enterococci isolated at national taiwan university hospital in a 1-year period, and also examined the transfer and the genetic variability of the resistance elements of different isolates. among 109 isolates tested, 43 (39%) hlgr isolates were identified. hlgr was most comm ... | 1998 | 9884489 |
| enterococcus avium endocarditis in an infant with tetralogy of fallot. | we report a case of infective endocarditis secondary to enterococcus avium in a 1-year-old infant with tetralogy of fallot and a blalock-taussig shunt. to our knowledge, this is the first case of e. avium endocarditis to be reported. | 1999 | 10089253 |
| differential induction of colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats selectively colonized with bacteroides vulgatus or escherichia coli. | resident bacteria play an important role in initiating and perpetuating gastrointestinal inflammation. we previously demonstrated that six commensal bacteria including bacteroides vulgatus caused more aggressive colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats than did the other five bacteria without b. vulgatus. this study compared the degree of gastrointestinal inflammation in gnotobiotic hla-b27 transgenic rats monoassociated with either b. vulgatus or escherichia coli. gnotobiotic transgenic ... | 1999 | 10338507 |
| [bacteria isolated from surgical infections and their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents: special references to bacteria isolated between july 1996 and june 1997]. | the annual multicenter studies on isolated bacteria from infections in general surgery and their antimicrobial susceptibility have been conducted in 20 facilities in japan since july 1982. this paper describes the results obtained during period from july 1996 to june 1997. the number of cases investigated as objectives was 217 for one year. a total of 406 strains were isolated from 177 cases (81.6% of total cases). from primary infections 162 strains were isolated, and from postoperative infecti ... | 1999 | 10480049 |
| development of a pcr assay for rapid detection of enterococci. | enterococci are becoming major nosocomial pathogens, and increasing resistance to vancomycin has been well documented. conventional identification methods, which are based on culturing, require 2 to 3 days to provide results. pcr has provided a means for the culture-independent detection of enterococci in a variety of clinical specimens and is capable of yielding results in just a few hours. however, all pcr-based assays developed so far are species specific only for clinically important enteroc ... | 1999 | 10523541 |
| sequencing the gene encoding manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase for rapid species identification of enterococci. | simple pcr and sequencing assays that utilize a single pair of degenerate primers were used to characterize a 438-bp-long dna fragment internal (soda(int)) to the soda gene encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase in 19 enterococcal type strains (enterococcus avium, enterococcus casseliflavus, enterococcus cecorum, enterococcus columbae, enterococcus dispar, enterococcus durans, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus flavescens, enterococcus gallinarum, enterococc ... | 2000 | 10618129 |
| evaluation of a new system, vitek 2, for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci. | we evaluated the new automated vitek 2 system (biomérieux) for the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci. the results obtained with the vitek 2 system were compared to those obtained by reference methods: standard identification by the scheme of facklam and sahm [r. r. facklam and d. f. sahm, p. 308-314, in p. r. murray et al., ed., manual of clinical microbiology, 6th ed., 1995] and with the api 20 strep system and, for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, brot ... | 2000 | 10834961 |
| susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin and other antibiotics of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from the uk, 1997 to mid-1999. | susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin and other antibiotics was studied for clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) referred by uk hospitals between january 1997 and june 1999. single isolates of vre from 858 patients in 136 hospitals were received, of which 76% were enterococcus faecium and 21% were enterococcus faecalis, the remainder comprising minor species. most isolates were multi-resistant. after allowing for the effect of blood, which raised the mics of quinupri ... | 2000 | 10882701 |
| enterococcal glycopeptide resistance at an italian teaching hospital. | two thousand one hundred and thirteen strains of enterococci isolated at pisa general hospital in 1998 were analysed retrospectively to determine their glycopeptide resistance. of all the microorganisms isolated in this period, 14.7% were enterococci (1405 enterococcus faecalis, 19 enterococcus faecium, six enterococcus avium and 683 enterococcus spp.). two hundred and thirty (10.8%) of these enterococci were resistant or demonstrated reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and/or teicoplanin. the ... | 2000 | 10882702 |
| random amplification of polymorphic dna versus pulsed field gel electrophoresis of smai dna macrorestriction fragments for typing strains of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. | genetic typing of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) can be performed using a variety of methods, but comparative analyses of the quality of these methods are still relatively scarce. we here compare random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of dna macrorestriction fragments as examples of two of the recent and well-accepted molecular typing methods. for the latter method, empirical guidelines for the interpretation of the dna finger ... | 2000 | 11040427 |
| identification of enterococcus species and phenotypically similar lactococcus and vagococcus species by reverse checkerboard hybridization to chaperonin 60 gene sequences. | data from four recent studies (s. h. goh et al., j. clin. microbiol. 36:2164-2166, 1998; s. h. goh et al., j. clin. microbiol. 34:818-823, 1996; s. h. goh et al., j. clin. microbiol. 35:3116-3121, 1997; a. y. c. kwok et al., int. j. syst. bacteriol. 49:1181-1192, 1999) suggest that an approximately 600-bp region of the chaperonin 60 (cpn60) gene, amplified by pcr with a single pair of degenerate primers, has utility as a potentially universal target for bacterial identification (id). this cpn60 ... | 2000 | 11060051 |
| diversity of domain v of 23s rrna gene sequence in different enterococcus species. | the highly conserved central loop of domain v of 23s rna (nucleotides 2042 to 2628; escherichia coli numbering) is implicated in peptidyltransferase activity and represents one of the target sites for macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin b antibiotics. dna encoding domain v (590 bp) of several species of enterococcus was amplified by pcr. twenty enterococcal isolates were tested, including enterococcus faecium (six isolates), enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus avium, enterococcus durans, e ... | 2000 | 11060057 |
| application of trna intergenic spacer pcr for identification of enterococcus species. | trna intergenic spacer pcr (tdna-pcr) was evaluated for its usefulness in the differentiation of enterococcal species of human and animal origin. this technique was carried out for 124 strains belonging to 17 enterococcal species and generated dna fragments, which were separated by capillary electrophoresis. tdna-pcr enabled us to discriminate for all species tested. enterococcus faecium showed minor but reproducible differences with enterococcus durans, while enterococcus hirae was easily disti ... | 2000 | 11060090 |
| evidence for horizontal gene transfer in evolution of elongation factor tu in enterococci. | the elongation factor tu, encoded by tuf genes, is a gtp binding protein that plays a central role in protein synthesis. one to three tuf genes per genome are present, depending on the bacterial species. most low-g+c-content gram-positive bacteria carry only one tuf gene. we have designed degenerate pcr primers derived from consensus sequences of the tuf gene to amplify partial tuf sequences from 17 enterococcal species and other phylogenetically related species. the amplified dna fragments were ... | 2000 | 11092850 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and species identification for clinical isolates of enterococci. | in order to describe the susceptibility patterns and determine the identities of enterococcus spp. isolated at a regional teaching hospital in taichung during the period from june through november 1998, 96 clinical isolates of enterococci were collected for further analysis. major sources of these isolates included urine, wound, and pus. species identification was performed using the api 20 strep system and supplemental tests. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of six antimicrobial age ... | 2000 | 11269371 |
| antimicrobial resistance of enterococci in lebanon. | there is little information on the types of enterococcus spp and their antibiotic resistance patterns in lebanon. one hundred and fifty-three consecutive clinical enterococcal isolates collected between 1998 and 1999 were tested against 11 antimicrobial agents using disk diffusion and the etest. the isolates were identified by conventional methods and api-strep and were found to consist of enterococcus faecalis (72.5%), enterococcus faecium (22.9%), enterococcus avium (3.2%) and enterococcus gal ... | 2001 | 11282266 |
| distribution of aminoglycoside resistance genes in recent clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium and enterococcus avium. | aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (ames) are major factors which confer aminoglycoside resistance on bacteria. distribution of genes encoding seven ames was investigated by multiplex pcr for 279 recent clinical isolates of enterococci derived from a university hospital in japan. the aac(6')-aph(2"), which is related to high level gentamicin resistance, was detected at higher frequency in enterococcus faecalis (42.5%) than in enterococcus faecium (4.3%). almost half of e. faecalis and e. faecium i ... | 2001 | 11349969 |
| identification of enterococcal isolates by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis and partial sequence analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rdna variable v6 regions. | based on partial sequence analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rdna variable v6 regions of 14 enterococcal type strains, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus mundtii, enterococcus gallinarum, enterococcus avium, enterococcus raffinosus and enterococcus saccharolyticus showed characteristic sequence motifs which made it possible to separate them into six individual species lines. furthermore, two species cluster groups could be identified, including (i) enterococcus faecium, enterococcus durans, enteroco ... | 2001 | 11430498 |
| [epidemiological study on vancomycin-resistant enterococci from fecal samples in the east area of japan]. | recently, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) have become important nosocomial pathogens in the world. in japan, the vre-infection was first reported in 1996. however, an epidemiological study on vre has not been aggressively done in japan. we conducted a survey study to explore the incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of vancomycin-resistant enterococci isolated from fecal samples at 45 hospitals in the east area of japan (kanto, koshinetsu, tohoku, and hokkaido) during june 1998 to ma ... | 2001 | 11521276 |
| dna relatedness, phenotypic characteristics, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of globicatella sanguinis strains. | dna-dna reassociation was performed on 15 strains of globicatella sanguinis to compare their taxonomic status with phenotypic characterization. all 15 strains selected for dna-dna reassociation readily met the criteria for species relatedness. the relative binding ratio was 81% or greater at the optimal temperature and 76% or greater at the stringent temperature, and the divergence was less than 3% for all strains hybridized with the type strain. these strains included nine strains from the cent ... | 2001 | 11682529 |
| antibiotic resistance patterns of enterococci isolated from coastal bathing waters. | recreational water should be considered a risk for enterococcal infections in regions with high utilisation and long exposure periods. a total of 1113 enterococcal isolates was obtained from 1670 bathing water samples from 120 bathing areas of seven prefectures in northern greece. enterococcus avium, e. raffinosus and e. faecium were the most prevalent species. single, double and multiple antibiotic resistance patterns were observed in 33.5% 31.0% and 22.8% of the isolates, respectively. resista ... | 2001 | 11699586 |
| bacterial meningoencephalitis in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: two case reports. | two patients with bacterial meningoencephalitis (bme) undergoing chronic hemodialysis (hd) are reported. patient 1 died of bacterial empyema caused by streptococcus intermedius. patient 2 was successfully treated by intravenous vancomycin (vcm), panipenem-betamipron and intrathecal vcm. enterococcus avium from a sacral decubitus ulcer was suggested as a possible pathogen of bme in patient 2. autopsy findings in patient 1 and antimicrobial options in patient 2 are discussed with a review of the l ... | 2002 | 11792481 |
| antimicrobial activity of everninomicin against clinical isolates of enterococcus spp., staphylococcus spp., and streptococcus spp. tested by etest. | the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of everninomicin, a novel oligosaccharide antibiotic, was tested against clinical isolates of 11 methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) strains, 11 methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) strains, 22 staphylococcus epidermidis strains, 23 enterococcus faecalis strains, 23 enterococcus faecium strains, 23 enterococcus avium strains, 27 streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 22 streptococcus pyogenes strains, and 20 streptococcus agalactiae strains. the ... | 2001 | 11810596 |
| in vitro assessment of urinary isolates of ampicillin-resistant enterococci. | susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) studies of ampicillin-resistant enterococci (are) were performed with vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin. ampicillin mics were determined to make comparisons with achievable urinary concentrations of ampicillin. | 2002 | 11847942 |
| efficacy and safety of vancomycin constant-rate infusion in the treatment of chronic gram-positive bone and joint infections. | objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vancomycin constant-rate infusion over 24 h in the treatment of gram-positive bone infections, methods: vancomycin (40 mg/kg/day) was administered without a loading dose to 15 patients (12 male, three female) aged 23--90 years, weighing 46--85 kg, with postoperative chronic bone and joint infections. the 24-h dose was adjusted to maintain plasma levels between 25 and 35 mg/l. mean duration of therapy was 6.2 months (4--8.5) via a portable infusio ... | 1997 | 11864154 |
| enterococcus avium osteomyelitis. | | 1998 | 11864347 |
| [four cases of non-clostridial gas gangrene with diabetes mellitus]. | we report four cases of non-clostridial gas gangrene. all cases were associated with diabetes mellitus as the underlying disease. case 1: a 60-year-old male developed an ulcerative lesion on the dorsum of his left foot. peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, citrobacter freundii and staphyrococcus epidermidis were identified in culture from odoriferous pus. case 2: a 81-year-old female developed a lesion on her vulva spreading to the right lower abdomen. bacteroides bivius, peptostreptococcus asac ... | 2002 | 11915237 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--i. gram-positive bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, and carbapenems. changes in the bacterial sensitivity for czop were also evaluated with the resistance ratio calculated with breakpoint mic. sixteen species (1,913 strains) of gram-positive bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected fr ... | 2002 | 11977919 |
| [yearly changes in antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates between 1996 and 2000--i. gram-positive bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates obtained between 1996 and 2000 were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, carbapenems, and penicillins. fifteen species, 1,062 strains, of gram-positive bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected from january to december, and consisted of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa; n = 127), methicillin-resistant s ... | 2002 | 12071093 |
| antimicrobial activity of imipenem against isolates from complicated urinary tract infections. | antimicrobial activity of imipenem was measured using 4725 strains isolated from patients with complicated urinary tract infections (cutis) between 1988 and 2000. imipenem was inactive against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus faecium and some non-fermenting gram-negative rods. resistant strains (mic>16 mg/l) were observed in staphylococcus haemolyticus (22%), enterococcus faecalis (4%), enterococcus avium (8%), serratia marcescens (5%) and ... | 2002 | 12135849 |
| epidemiology of multiresistant enterococcus avium isolates in a greek tertiary care hospital. | a retrospective survey of the isolation rate of enterococcus avium during the period march 1994-february 2000 conducted in laikon general hospital using the whonet software, revealed a peak in the isolation rates of this species during march 1995-february 1996. the ten strains isolated during this time were studied further. no glycopeptide resistance was detected but resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin (high-level) and streptomycin (high-level) was present in nine, ... | 2002 | 12458137 |
| biochemical and genetic characterization of a novel enzyme of pentitol metabolism: d-arabitol-phosphate dehydrogenase. | an enzyme with a specificity that has not been described previously, d-arabitol-phosphate dehydrogenase (apdh), has been purified from cell lysate of enterococcus avium. sds/page indicated that the enzyme had a molecular mass of 41+/-2 kda, whereas a molecular mass of 160+/-5 kda was observed under non-denaturing conditions, implying that the apdh may exist as a tetramer with identical subunits. purified apdh was found to have a narrow substrate specificity, converting only d-arabitol 1-phosphat ... | 2003 | 12467497 |
| enterococcus avium splenic abscess: a rare bird. | | 2002 | 12467694 |
| a pancreatic abscess 7 years after a pancreatojejunostomy for calcifying chronic pancreatitis. | we present herein a case of a 75-year-old japanese man who had developed a pancreatic abscess 7 years after a longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis. the patient, a heavy drinker of alcohol, underwent surgical decompression of a ductal obstruction to relieve persistent abdominal pain due to severely calcifying chronic pancreatitis. after the surgery, he stopped drinking alcohol and was treated with insulin to control secondary diabetes mellitus. thereafter, his symptoms disap ... | 2002 | 12522540 |
| evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of drugs for urinary tract infections by genotyping based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). | we attempted to determine whether the same bacterium isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (uti) before and after treatment with antimicrobial agents was of the same strain ("persisted") or of a different strain ("changed"). furthermore, to verify the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents for uti, we investigated whether bacterial strains could be classified as persisted or changed based on their electrophoretic patterns in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). we examined eigh ... | 2002 | 12525898 |
| species prevalence and antibacterial resistance of enterococci isolated in kuwait hospitals. | this study investigated the species prevalence and antibacterial resistance among enterococci isolated in kuwait hospitals. they consisted of 415 isolates of enterococcus faecalis (85.3 %), enterococcus faecium (7.7 %), enterococcus casseliflavus (4.0 %), enterococcus avium (1.2 %), enterococcus durans (1.0 %), enterococcus gallinarium (0.5 %) and enterococcus bovis (0.2 %) isolated from urine (36.6 %), blood (10.4 %), wound swabs (11.0 %), stool samples (12.0 %), high vaginal swabs (9.0 %), end ... | 2003 | 12543923 |
| [in vitro transfer of the aac(6')-aph(2") gene that confers aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance from staphylococcus aureus to enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus avium]. | in nine strains of enterococcus, frequency of resistance gene transfer from mrsa caring gene acc(6')-aph(2") was investigated. transfer was inducted in broth at 44 degrees c for 24 h. presence of acc(6')-aph(2") gene was confirmed by pcr method. frequency of gene transfer was the highest for strains enterococcus faecalis isolated from humans (0.13), significant lower for enterococcus avium (0.007) and the lowest for strains of enterococcus faecalis isolated from animals (0.004). | 2002 | 12632652 |
| enterococcus phoeniculicola sp. nov., a novel member of the enterococci isolated from the uropygial gland of the red-billed woodhoopoe, phoeniculus purpureus. | a facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive, coccoid, non-spore-forming, non-motile, catalase-negative bacterium was isolated from the uropygial (preen) gland of wild red-billed woodhoopoes (phoeniculus purpureus) and designated strain jlb-1(t). physiological and biochemical testing suggested that this homofermentative, lactic-acid-producing bacterium could belong to the genus enterococcus or the genus streptococcus. comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequence of strain jlb-1(t) with other 16s rdna se ... | 2003 | 12807187 |
| molecular analysis of bacterial flora associated with chronically inflamed maxillary sinuses. | chronic maxillary sinusitis is a chronic inflammatory condition in which the role of microbial infection remains undefined. bacteria have been isolated from chronically inflamed sinuses; however, their role in the chronicity of inflammation is unknown. the objective of this study was to determine whether bacteria are present in clinical samples from chronic maxillary sinusitis and to assess the diversity of the flora present. washes and/or tissue samples from endoscopic sinus surgery on 11 patie ... | 2003 | 12808082 |
| [yearly changes in antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates between 1996 and 2001--i. gram-positive bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates obtained between 1996 and 2001 were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, carbapenems, and penicillins. a total of 1,274 strains in 15 species of gram-positive bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected from january to december, and consisted of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa), methicillin-resistant sta ... | 2003 | 14567254 |
| species distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns of enterococci isolated from food of animal origin in germany. | presently, enterococci take the third place of bacterial pathogens associated with nosocomial infections, after staphylococci and escherichia coli. especially, the resistances of enterococci to several available antibiotics are threatening. we attempted to determine which species of enterococci could be found in food of animal origin and their significance according to their antibiotic resistances for human beings. from november 2000 to may 2002 we investigated 155 samples of food of animal orig ... | 2003 | 14597003 |
| highly conjugative pmg1-like plasmids carrying tn1546-like transposons that encode vancomycin resistance in enterococcus faecium. | a total of 12 vana-type vancomycin-resistant enterococci, consisting of 10 enterococcus faecium isolates and two enterococcus avium isolates, were examined in detail. the vancomycin resistance conjugative plasmids phtalpha (65.9 kbp), phtbeta (63.7 kbp), and phtgamma (66.5 kbp) were isolated from each of three different e. faecium strains. the plasmids transferred highly efficiently between enterococcus strains during broth mating and were homologous with pmg1 (gm(r); 65.1 kb). | 2003 | 14617670 |
| enteric disposition and recycling of flavonoids and ginkgo flavonoids. | the objective of this study was to determine the intestinal and microbial disposition of flavonoids and how these disposition processes affect their enteric recycling. | 2003 | 14629841 |
| in vitro activity of daptomycin against vancomycin-resistant enterococci of various van types and comparison of susceptibility testing methods. | the increasing prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (vre) infections and the limited number of antimicrobial agents for their treatment emphasize a need for new, more effective agents. in this study, the in vitro activity of daptomycin was determined against a collection of 156 vre from seven different institutions. van types were characterized by pcr, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to exclude isolates with >85% relatedness by dendrogram. included were 126 enteroco ... | 2003 | 14638478 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--i. gram-positive bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, and carbapenems. changes in the bacterial susceptibility for czop were also evaluated with the resistance ratio calculated with breakpoint mic. sixteen species (2,363 strains) of gram-positive bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected ... | 2003 | 14692380 |
| [nationwide sensitivity surveillance of ciprofloxacin and various parenteral antibiotics against bacteria isolated from patients with severe infections--the first ciproxan iv special investigation in 2001]. | the parenteral injection of ciprofloxacin (cpfx), a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug, was approved in september 2000 and a re-examination period of 6 years was set at that time. as a special investigation to apply for re-examination of this drug, it has been planned to conduct 3 nationwide surveillances during the re-examination period by collecting clinically isolated bacteria from patients with severe infections, to whom the drug was mainly indicated, and examining drug susceptibilities of t ... | 2003 | 15007872 |
| enterococcus hermanniensis sp. nov., from modified-atmosphere-packaged broiler meat and canine tonsils. | isolates 302, 334, 356, 377 and 379, detected in modified-atmosphere-packaged broiler meat, together with strains lmg 12317t and lmg 13617, detected in dog tonsils, were analysed in a polyphasic taxonomy study, including numerical analysis of ribopatterns and whole-cell protein patterns, 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, dna-dna hybridization and determination of some phenotypic properties. the results indicated that these isolates represent a novel species in the genus enterococcus. the isolates ... | 2004 | 15388750 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus by the vitek 2 system, and comparison with two nccls reference methods. | we evaluated the automated vitek 2 system (biomerieux) for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre). the results obtained with the vitek 2 system were compared to those obtained using two nccls reference methods. the vitek 2 system produced mics for penicillin g, erythromycin and vancomycin that were very similar to those of the reference agar-dilution test with all results being within a twofold dilution. when mics of teicoplanin for these isolates were me ... | 2004 | 15585502 |
| enterococcus avium endocarditis. | we describe a rare case of enterococcus avium endocarditis in a patient with an ovarian malignancy, and review 2 previously reported cases. we contend that enterococcus avium bacteremia and endocarditis may be associated with gastrointestinal pathology. | 2004 | 15764177 |
| brain abscess due to enterococcus avium. | we report the first case of brain abscess due to enterococcus avium in a 19-year-old man with chronic otitis media since childhood. the patient presented to the emergency department in a comatose condition. contrast-enhanced brain computed tomography scan showed a hypodense area with ring enhancement in the right temporal lobe and mass effect with subfalcine and transtentorial herniation. emergency temporal burr hole operation was performed and pus drained out, but the patient succumbed to his i ... | 2005 | 15767825 |
| bacteriocin from honeybee beebread enterococcus avium, active against listeria monocytogenes. | enterococcus avium isolated from apis mellifera beebread produces a thermoresistant bacteriocin with a strain-dependent inhibitory effect on listeria and without effect on gram-negative bacteria. the bacteriocin appeared to be a polypeptide of about 6 kda. genetic analyses revealed no extrachromosomal material in e. avium. | 2005 | 15933045 |
| characterization of culturable anaerobic bacteria from the forestomach of an eastern grey kangaroo, macropus giganteus. | to determine the culturable biodiversity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the forestomach contents of an eastern grey kangaroo, macropus giganteus, using phenotypic characterization and 16s rdna sequence analysis. | 2005 | 16162139 |
| enterococcus devriesei sp. nov., associated with animal sources. | the taxonomic position of two bovine strains, lmg 13603 and lmg 14595, assigned to the species enterococcus raffinosus on the basis of biochemical features, was reinvestigated. both reference strains and two other isolates, 6/1 (=lmg 22829) originating from a charcoal-broiled river lamprey and ie38.4 (=lmg 22830) from the air of a poultry slaughter by-product processing plant, occupied a clearly separate position, on the basis of sequence analysis of the housekeeping gene phes (encoding the phen ... | 2005 | 16280513 |
| risk factors and outcomes associated with non-enterococcus faecalis, non-enterococcus faecium enterococcal bacteremia. | to compare risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes in patients with enterococcus avium, enterococcus casseliflavus, enterococcus durans, enterococcus gallinarum, and enterococcus mundtii bacteremia (cases) with those in patients with enterococcus faecalis bacteremia (controls). | 2006 | 16418983 |