| comparison of mycoplasmas isolated from captive wild felines. | the mycoplasmas isolated from captive wild felines showed a strong relationship to but were not identical with mycoplasma felis. exceptions were m arginini and strain pu, isolated from pumas, which were distinct. | 1975 | 805465 |
| mycoplasma felis pleuritis in two show-jumper horses. | mycoplasma felis was identified as the cause of acute pleuritis in 2 show-jumping horses. the pleural exudate was proteinaceous, contained large numbers of neutrophils, and had a markedly increased lactate concentration. m. felis was isolated in pure culture from pleural fluid. rising serum antibody titers to m. felis as well as a precipitous decline in titers to equine influenza virus were demonstrated in both horses. pleural effusion in both horses and a pneumothorax detected in one of the hor ... | 1992 | 1623728 |
| evaluation of a guarded bronchoscopic method for microbial sampling of the lower airways in foals. | a novel method to reduce contamination of the bronchoscope during microbial sampling of the lower airways of foals was evaluated. methylene blue (mb) was used as a nasopharyngeal dye marker to assess the relative contamination from the upper airways of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) specimens obtained by standard bronchoscopy (sb) and a "guarded" bronchoscopic method (gb). for gb, a clear sterile cellulose sheath was fitted over the bronchoscope in an effort to protect the endoscope tip and channe ... | 1991 | 1790487 |
| incidence and significance of isolation of mycoplasma felis from conjunctival swabs of cats. | conjunctival swabs taken from 40 cats with conjunctivitis and 65 cats without conjunctivitis were examined for the presence of mycoplasma felis. the incidence of m. felis in cats with conjunctivitis was 25%. m. felis was not isolated from clinically normal cats. inoculation of two isolates into the conjunctival sacs of healthy cats induced conjunctival hyperemia, starting 2-3 days after inoculation and disappearing without treatment within 7 days. it is concluded that m. felis plays a role in fe ... | 1991 | 2024442 |
| survival of feline mycoplasmas in urine. | the effects of length of incubation and urine osmolality on the survival of feline mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas and representative gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in synthetic urine which approximated the osmolality of normal cat urine were investigated. both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus withstood the effects of increasing osmotic pressure. in the most concentrated urine, significant decreases (p less than 0.001) in cfu were observed for e. coli at exposure times of 30 min ... | 1991 | 2056047 |
| identification of mycoplasma felis and mycoplasma gateae by an immunobinding assay. | an immunobinding assay capable of distinguishing between mycoplasma felis and mycoplasma gateae was developed. nitrocellulose was used as the solid support. polyclonal rabbit antiserum against m. felis or m. gateae was used in the assay. binding of the specific rabbit antiserum was detected by alkaline phosphatase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin and an alkaline phosphatase substrate (nitro blue tetrazolium-5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate). the immunobinding assay was effective in ... | 1990 | 2394808 |
| phagocytic function of equine neutrophils exposed to mycoplasma felis in vitro and in vivo. | neutrophils were isolated from the peripheral blood of adult equids (group 1) and were purified on a density gradient of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica gel. a bactericidal assay was developed, using an equine skin isolate of staphylococcus epidermidis as target bacterium in medium containing pooled fresh equine serum for opsonization. significant (p less than 0.05) killing was observed after 60 or 120 minutes' incubation. reduction in bactericidal function of blood neutrophils was not found ... | 1987 | 3592375 |
| detection of antibodies to mycoplasma felis in horses. | mycoplasma felis has been isolated from horses with pleuritis, and limited research indicates that mycoplasma pleuritis can be reproduced in horses. the serodiagnostic potential of the indirect hemagglutination and the metabolism-inhibition tests was evaluated by testing 177 horses for antibodies to m felis. seven horses with m felis pleuritis developed antibodies, and 6 horses with sterile or bacterial pleuritis had high titers suggesting a previous m felis infection. six horses with pleuritis ... | 1986 | 3949603 |
| suceptibility of kittens to mycoplasma felis infection. | | 1974 | 4436974 |
| mycoplasma felis-associated conjunctivitis in cats. | | 1973 | 4750851 |
| three-dimensional morphology, ultrastructure, and replication of mycoplasma felis. | the morphology and replication of mycoplasma felis in relation to growth phase in culture were studied by electron microscopy. the organisms showed 1.0 to 1.45-hr doubling times with typical bacterial-type growth curves when grown in dialysate broth supplemented with horse serum. organisms were fixed for electron microscopy by using veronal acetate-buffered 0.8% oso(4) (ph 6.1) in 20% sucrose. the morphology of exponential-phase organisms differed markedly from that of stationary or death-phase ... | 1970 | 5411752 |
| mycoplasma felis as a cause of pleuritis in horses. | mycoplasma felis was the only organism recovered from the thoracic cavity of a horse with pleuritis. large numbers of mildly degenerative neutrophils were in the pleural fluid. the horse developed a serologic response to m felis and recovered during hospitalization. experimentally, a pony was inoculated in the thoracic cavity with a pure culture of the m felis isolate suspended in the pony's serum. a control pony was inoculated with serum only. within 48 hours, the principal pony developed fever ... | 1983 | 6874502 |
| a survey of the conjunctival flora of clinically normal cats and cats with conjunctivitis. | conjunctival swabs obtained from 39 cats with conjunctivitis and from 50 cats with clinically normal conjunctivae were cultured for bacteria, mycoplasmas, viruses and chlamydiae. non hemolytic streptococci and staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from both groups, but b hemolytic streptococci, rhinotracheitis (feline herpes i) virus, mycoplasma felis and chlamydia psittaci were recovered only from cases of conjunctivitis. the isolation rate of microorganisms was low; only two of 50 normal an ... | 1980 | 7427854 |
| contrasting effects of mycoplasma fermentans and m. felis on the viability and chemiluminescence response of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | trypan blue exclusion was used to estimate the viability of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) in the presence of mycoplasma felis and two strains of m. fermentans (pg18 and incognitus). the competence of pmnl to mount a respiratory burst when challenged with the mycoplasmas was also monitored by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (cl). both un-opsonised and non-immune human serum opsonised m. felis cells had little effect on pmnl viability. in contrast, pmnl viability was reduced marked ... | 1993 | 8339908 |
| taxonomy of the feline mycoplasmas mycoplasma felifaucium, mycoplasma feliminutum, mycoplasma felis, mycoplasma gateae, mycoplasma leocaptivus, mycoplasma leopharyngis, and mycoplasma simbae by 16s rrna gene sequence comparisons. | the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene of eight mycoplasmas isolated from felids was determined and used for taxonomic comparisons. a signature nucleotide sequence motif and overall sequence similarity to other mollicutes positioned mycoplasma felifaucium, mycoplasma felis, mycoplasma leocaptivus, mycoplasma leopharyngis, and mycoplasma simbae in the mycoplasma fermentans phylogenetic group of mollicutes. mycoplasma arginini and mycoplasma gateae were positioned in the mycoplasma hominis p ... | 1995 | 8590684 |
| infectious agents in acute respiratory disease in horses in ontario. | a study of acute respiratory disease in horses in ontario was undertaken to determine the identity of current causative infectious agents. a nasopharyngeal swab was designed and utilized to maximize isolation of viruses, mycoplasma, and pathogenic bacteria. serum samples were collected for parallel determination of antibody titers to equine influenza virus type a subtype 1 (h7n7) and subtype 2 (h3n8), equine rhinovirus types 1 and 2, equine herpesvirus type 1, mycoplasma equirhinius, and mycopla ... | 1997 | 9087920 |
| mycoplasma felis septic arthritis in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia. | we describe the first documented case of mycoplasma felis infection in a woman who had common variable immunodeficiency and who presented with septic arthritis of the left hip and right knee. m. felis was isolated from both joints. she had been exposed to cats before the diagnosis of m. felis septic arthritis was made. both of the patient's joints were surgically debrided, and she was treated with doxycycline for several months. in spite of initial improvement, destruction of her hip was noted. ... | 1997 | 9114151 |
| an outbreak of respiratory disease in horses associated with mycoplasma felis infection. | lower respiratory tract disease developed in a group of racehorses in training between two and six years of age. disease was observed in 22 of 25 horses for which full records were available. seroconversion to mycoplasma felis was demonstrated by indirect haemagglutination assay in 19 of 22 paired sera and high titres (> or = 64) were found in convalescent sera from the three remaining horses. evidence of respiratory viral infection was confined to seroconversions to equine herpesvirus-4 in two ... | 1997 | 9141220 |
| isolation of mycoplasma felis from a serval (felis serval) with severe respiratory disease. | we report cytologic observations and isolation of mycoplasma felis in september 1992 from the lower respiratory tract of a 3-week-old captive serval (felis serval) cub with pneumonia, in florida (usa). septic, neutrophilic inflammation with a large, monomorphic population of unique, pleomorphic, intracellular and extracellular rods was diagnosed from a transtracheal wash. mycoplasma felis was the only bacterium isolated in significant numbers from the transtracheal wash. | 1996 | 9359073 |
| a case control study of factors and infections associated with clinically apparent respiratory disease in uk thoroughbred racehorses. | a matched case control study was used to determine infections and other factors associated with clinically apparent respiratory disease in young racehorses in training in the uk. a total of 170 cases, defined as horses with sudden onset coughing, nasal discharge or pyrexia, were identified and matched to 632 non-affected controls by trainer and time period. factors examined included age, sex, time since entry into the training yard, time since last race and different infections including trachea ... | 2003 | 12900152 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction for the detection of mycoplasma felis in domestic cats. | mycoplasma felis is associated with conjunctivitis and respiratory disease in domestic cats. currently no rapid diagnostic test is available for the detection of m. felis in clinical samples that does not rely on prior cultivation of the organism. the objective of this study was to determine whether a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based upon the 16s/23s rrna intergenic spacer sequence is suitable for the identification of m. felis directly in feline clinical samples. the high conservation betw ... | 2004 | 15135515 |
| qualitative tear film and conjunctival goblet cell assessment of cats with corneal sequestra. | to evaluate the tear film qualitatively and conjunctival goblet cell numbers in cats with and without corneal sequestra. animals studied and procedures: this was a prospective evaluation of 11 cats with corneal sequestra and 14 control eyes that were either the contralateral normal eye when the sequestrum was unilateral or from control cats of similar age with no ocular disease. all cats in this study were examined by a veterinary ophthalmologist. the ophthalmic examinations included a neuro-oph ... | 2005 | 15910369 |
| clinical use of 16s rrna gene sequencing to identify mycoplasma felis and m. gateae associated with feline ulcerative keratitis. | routine bacterial cultures of corneal scrapings from seven cats with either ulcerative feline keratitis, keratomalacia, or both yielded colonies which were identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing as mycoplasma felis (six cases) and mycoplasma gateae (one case). identification of the pathogens allowed the use of less empirical and more organism-specific therapy. | 2005 | 16000470 |
| mycoplasma felis arthritis in two cats. | this report describes the occurrence of non-weightbearing lameness caused by mycoplasma felis monoarthritis in two, immunocompetent, european, shorthair adult cats with a suspected history of trauma. clinical signs recurred after conservative treatment. the joints were treated surgically and m felis was identified as the causative agent for the monoarthritis. medication with 10 mg/kg doxycycline twice daily was initiated according to susceptibility testing. one cat underwent further joint flushi ... | 2006 | 16911119 |
| evaluation of different sampling methods and results of real-time pcr for detection of feline herpes virus-1, chlamydophila felis and mycoplasma felis in cats. | to investigate how different sampling techniques affect detection of dna from feline herpes virus type 1 (fhv-1), chlamydophila felis and mycoplasma felis and to study the correlation between positive test results and clinical signs in cats. | 2008 | 19046278 |
| secreted sialidase activity of canine mycoplasmas. | through a survey of the phylogenetic distribution of sialidase among mycoplasmas, we detected activity secreted by the type strains of 3 of 11 species frequently or first isolated from dogs. the specific activity of washed cells of the type strains of mycoplasma canis, mycoplasma cynos, and mycoplasma molare ranged from 5.2+/-0.8 x 10(-6) to 1.1+/-0.3 x 10(-5) enzymatic units per colony-forming unit (u/cfu). cells of m. molare strain h542(t) had twice the specific activity (p<0.05) of m. canis s ... | 2009 | 19201110 |
| detection of bacterial and viral organisms from the conjunctiva of cats with conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract disease. | a variety of pathogens are involved in conjunctivitis in cats. in this study, the prevalence of feline herpesvirus (fhv), chlamydophila felis, mycoplasmas, and aerobic bacteria on the conjunctival surface of cats with conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract disease was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), immunofluorescent assay (ifa), and aerobic bacterial culture of ocular swabs. forty-one cats were included of which 37 were found to be infected with an ocular organism. single a ... | 2010 | 20817584 |
| infectious causes for feline upper respiratory tract disease--a case-control study. | the aim of this case-control study was to investigate the prevalence of microorganisms in group-living cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), in in-contact cats and in cats in groups without urtd problems. samples were taken from the ventral conjunctival fornix for analysis of feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv), mycoplasma felis and chlamydiaceae using a real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. the oropharynx was sampled for bacteriological culture and viral isolation. ... | 2010 | 20851008 |
| mycoplasma felis-associated meningoencephalomyelitis in a cat. | mycoplasmas are frequently isolated from many animal species. in domestic cats, mycoplasmas may be isolated from respiratory and ocular mucosae, but other sites are also occasionally colonized by these organisms. no cases of mycoplasma species-associated neurologic disease have been reported in cats. we describe a case of mycoplasma felis-associated meningoencephalitis in a 10-month-old domestic shorthair cat. | 2010 | 21177132 |
| histologic and molecular correlation in shelter cats with acute upper respiratory infection. | this is a descriptive study designed to correlate diagnostic real-time pcr results with histopathologic lesions in cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory infection (uri). the study occurred over a 9-month period in a single open-intake animal shelter. cats that were selected for euthanasia by the shelter staff and additionally had uri were included in the study for a total of 22 study cats. combined conjunctival and oropharyngeal swabs were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chai ... | 2011 | 21562109 |
| development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of mycoplasma felis. | infection by mycoplasma felis is associated with ocular and respiratory disease in cats and respiratory disease in horses. a correct diagnosis is beneficial since the use of specific antimycoplasmal treatment can lead to resolution. the objective of the present study was to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method based on dual-labeled fluorogenic probe technology, targeting the gene encoding elongation factor tu (tuf ), for the fast and specific detection of m. felis. specific ... | 2011 | 21908343 |
| real-time pcr detection of mycoplasma felis in domestic cats suffering from chronic conjunctivitis (poland). | real-time pcr directed to intergenic spacer (igs) noncoding region between 16s and 23s rrna genes was used for species specific detection of mycoplasma felis in conjunctival scrapings. samples were collected from 57 cats suffering from chronic conjunctivitis in 2008-2010 (wrocław, poland). samples from 36 cats (63.2%) were shown to be positive for mycoplasma felis. our research gives a first insight in the occurrence of mycoplasma felis among domestic cats in poland suggesting that this pathogen ... | 2011 | 22439345 |
| descriptive epidemiology of upper respiratory disease and associated risk factors in cats in an animal shelter in coastal western canada. | we examined 250 cats at an animal shelter in the coastal temperate region of canada to determine whether age, source, gender, and sterilization status influenced risk of shedding at intake, transmission of infection, and development of clinical upper respiratory disease (urd). on admission, 28% of the cats were positive for 1 or more infectious agent related to urd; 21% were carriers of mycoplasma felis and < 3% were carriers of feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1) or bordetell ... | 2013 | 23904635 |
| feline calicivirus and other respiratory pathogens in cats with feline calicivirus-related symptoms and in clinically healthy cats in switzerland. | cats with feline calicivirus (fcv)-related symptoms are commonly presented to veterinary practitioners. various clinical manifestations have been attributed to fcv, i.e. upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), oral ulcerations, gingivostomatitis, limping syndrome and virulent systemic disease. additionally, healthy cats can shed fcv. the aims of this study were 1) to investigate the frequency of fcv in cats with fcv-related symptoms and in healthy cats in switzerland, 2) to assess risk and prote ... | 2015 | 26566897 |
| effect of interactions with humans on behaviour, mucosal immunity and upper respiratory disease of shelter cats rated as contented on arrival. | sustained positive affect may decrease vulnerability to upper respiratory infections in cats admitted to a shelter. incidence of upper respiratory infections was examined in cats rated as content upon admission to an animal shelter when provided with or without treatment to sustain contentment. ninety-six cats rated as content upon admission were provided with either human interaction, including petting, playing, and grooming, in four 10min sessions/d for 10 days or were exposed to a control tre ... | 2015 | 26342792 |
| detection of feline upper respiratory tract disease pathogens using a commercially available real-time pcr test. | feline herpesvirus (fhv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), bordetella bronchiseptica (bb), chlamydia felis (cf) and mycoplasma felis (mf) are common infectious agents identified in cats with upper respiratory tract disease (urtd). each of these agents can either act as primary pathogens or cause subclinical infections, and pathogen identification can be used to prevent disease transmission in shelters, or to manage individual cats with recurrent urtd. the aim of this study was to compare pathogen det ... | 2015 | 26324635 |
| effect of gentle stroking and vocalization on behaviour, mucosal immunity and upper respiratory disease in anxious shelter cats. | emotional, behavioural, and health benefits of gentle stroking and vocalizations, otherwise known as gentling, have been documented for several species, but little is known about the effect of gentling on cats in stressful situations. in this study, 139 cats rated as anxious upon admission to an animal shelter were allocated to either a gentled or control group. cats were gentled four times daily for 10 min over a period of 10 days, with the aid of a tool for cats that were too aggressive to han ... | 2014 | 25064364 |
| prevalence of upper respiratory pathogens in four management models for unowned cats in the southeast united states. | upper respiratory infection (uri) is a pervasive problem in cats and impacts the capacity and cost of sheltering programs. this study determined the pattern of respiratory pathogens in cats with and without clinical signs of uri in four different models for managing unowned cats, namely, (1) short-term animal shelters (sts), (2) long-term sanctuaries (lts), (3) home-based foster care programs (fcp), and (4) trap-neuter-return programs for community cats (tnr). conjunctival and oropharyngeal swab ... | 2014 | 24923756 |
| prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1, feline calicivirus, chlamydophila felis and mycoplasma felis dna and associated risk factors in cats in spain with upper respiratory tract disease, conjunctivitis and/or gingivostomatitis. | objectives our objective was to perform the first multicentric study in spain to evaluate the prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), chlamydophila felis and mycoplasma felis in cats with upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), conjunctivitis and/or gingivostomatitis (gs) compared with control cats; and to evaluate risk factors for these clinical conditions. methods conjunctival and oropharyngeal swabs were collected and a questionnaire regarding signalment, lifesty ... | 2017 | 26919892 |
| characteristics of the bacterial flora in the conjunctival sac of cats from poland. | to assess the bacterial flora of the conjunctival sac in clinically healthy cats and cats with signs of conjunctivitis. | 2015 | 25482666 |
| evaluation of cytologic findings in feline conjunctivitis. | cytologic examination of smears prepared from ocular swabs of conjunctiva from cats with conjunctivitis permits identification of the type of inflammation and possibly specific microorganisms. results of studies of the diagnostic utility of cytology for detection of infectious causes of feline conjunctivitis have been inconsistent. | 2012 | 22551068 |
| infectious diseases in large-scale cat hoarding investigations. | animal hoarders accumulate animals in over-crowded conditions without adequate nutrition, sanitation, and veterinary care. as a result, animals rescued from hoarding frequently have a variety of medical conditions including respiratory infections, gastrointestinal disease, parasitism, malnutrition, and other evidence of neglect. the purpose of this study was to characterize the infectious diseases carried by clinically affected cats and to determine the prevalence of retroviral infections among ... | 2014 | 24934262 |
| a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between mycoplasma spp and upper and lower respiratory tract disease in cats. | objective to critically assess available data from controlled observational studies on the pathogenic role of mycoplasma spp in the upper respiratory tract (urt) and lower respiratory tract (lrt) of cats. design systematic review and meta-analysis. sample 12 studies. procedures seven electronic databases were searched for relevant publications. risk of bias was assessed via the newcastle-ottawa scale. meta-analyses, stratified by urt versus lrt disease, were performed to estimate pooled ors and ... | 2017 | 28165317 |
| pilot study to evaluate the role of mycoplasma species in cat bite abscesses. | mycoplasma species are common inhabitants of the feline oral cavity, and so likely contaminate many cat bite abscesses. the objectives of this study were to determine whether mycoplasma species are common contaminants of cat bite abscesses and whether they are are associated with β-lactam-resistant clinical disease. twenty-six privately owned cats with clinical evidence of an abscess suspected to be from a cat bite were included in the study. samples from each cat were evaluated by aerobic and a ... | 2014 | 24643287 |
| detection of feline mycoplasma species in cats with feline asthma and chronic bronchitis. | little is known about the aetiology of inflammatory lower airway disease in cats. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of mycoplasma species in cats with feline asthma (fa) and chronic bronchitis (cb). the study population consisted of 17 cats with fa/cb, and 14 sick cats without clinical and historical signs of respiratory disease, which were euthanased for various other reasons. nasal swabs, nasal lavage and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) samples were taken from patients from ... | 2014 | 24574148 |
| randomized masked controlled clinical trial to compare 7-day and 14-day course length of doxycycline in the treatment of mycoplasma felis infection in shelter cats. | the aim of this study was to compare the clinical and microbial efficacy of a 7-day or a 14-day course of doxycycline for the treatment of mycoplasma felis-infected cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease (urtd) assessed using clinical scoring criteria. cats were randomly allocated to either the doxy-7 group (n=20; 7-day course of oral doxycyline liquid followed by 7-days placebo); or the doxy-14 group (n=20; 14-day course of oral doxycycline). there were no significant diffe ... | 2013 | 23246249 |
| molecular detection of infectious pathogens of the upper respiratory tract in captive nondomestic felids. | upper respiratory tract disease is a complex infectious disease process with multiple pathogens involved. identification of infectious agents in wild animals is of great importance for wildlife conservation. the aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular detection of feline herpesvirus type 1, feline calicivirus (fcv), bordetella bronchiseptica , chlamydophila felis , and mycoplasma felis using ocular and nasal swabs in three species of captive nondomestic felids. mycoplasma felis was detec ... | 2017 | 28749292 |