| enhancing effects of bile salts on the degradation of glycosphingolipids by glycosidases from bacteria of the human fecal flora. | different concentrations of ionic and non-ionic detergents were examined for optimization of the in vitro degradations of intestinal glycosphingolipids by alpha- and beta-glycosidases from human fecal bacteria. in 5 mm triton x-100 the enzymes hydrolyzed glycosphingolipids with lactoseries type 1 and 2 chains essentially to lactosylceramide (laccer). in 5 mm sodium di- and trihydroxy bile salts lactosylceramide was degraded to glycosylceramide (glccer) in varying extent by enzymes from all five ... | 1991 | 1854798 |
| phylogenetic analysis of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, does not support the reclassification of streptococcus hansenii and peptostreptococcus productus as ruminococci. | the 16s rrna gene sequence of the type strain of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, was determined by pcr direct sequencing. a comparative sequence analysis showed that r. flavefaciens is phylogenetically related to a small cluster (cluster iv of collins et al. [m. d. collins, p. a. lawson, a. willems, j. j. cordoba, j. fernandez-garayzabal, p. garcia, j. cai, h. hippe, and j. a. e. farrow, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 44:812-826, 1994]) of organisms which include ... | 1995 | 8590686 |
| 16s rdna sequencing of ruminococcus albus and ruminococcus flavefaciens: design of a signature probe and its application in adult sheep. | the ruminococci are an important group of fibrolytic bacteria inhabiting the rumen. seventeen strains of presumptively identified ruminococcus were evaluated by a combination of nearly complete and partial 16s rdna sequence that identified all strains as either ruminococcus albus or ruminococcus flavefaciens. all sequences fell into cluster iv of the clostridia, while other species of ruminococci (e.g. ruminococcus obeum, ruminococcus gnavus, ruminococcus lactaris) fall into cluster xiva of the ... | 1999 | 10439419 |
| ruminococcin a, a new lantibiotic produced by a ruminococcus gnavus strain isolated from human feces. | when cultivated in the presence of trypsin, the ruminococcus gnavus e1 strain, isolated from a human fecal sample, was able to produce an antibacterial substance that accumulated in the supernatant. this substance, called ruminococcin a, was purified to homogeneity by reverse-phase chromatography. it was shown to be a 2,675-da bacteriocin harboring a lanthionine structure. the utilization of edman degradation and tandem mass spectrometry techniques, followed by dna sequencing of part of the stru ... | 2001 | 11526013 |
| trypsin mediates growth phase-dependent transcriptional tegulation of genes involved in biosynthesis of ruminococcin a, a lantibiotic produced by a ruminococcus gnavus strain from a human intestinal microbiota. | ruminococcin a (ruma) is a trypsin-dependent lantibiotic produced by ruminococcus gnavus e1, a gram-positive strict anaerobic strain isolated from a human intestinal microbiota. a 12.8-kb region from r. gnavus e1 chromosome, containing the biosynthetic gene cluster of ruma, has been cloned and sequenced. it consisted of 13 open reading frames, organized in three operons with predicted functions in lantibiotic biosynthesis, signal transduction regulation, and immunity. one unusual feature of the ... | 2002 | 11741840 |
| distribution of genes encoding the trypsin-dependent lantibiotic ruminococcin a among bacteria isolated from human fecal microbiota. | fourteen bacterial strains capable of producing a trypsin-dependent antimicrobial substance active against clostridium perfringens were isolated from human fecal samples of various origins (from healthy adults and children, as well as from adults with chronic pouchitis). identification of these strains showed that they belonged to ruminococcus gnavus, clostridium nexile, and ruminococcus hansenii species or to new operational taxonomic units, all from the clostridium coccoides phylogenetic group ... | 2002 | 12089024 |
| characterization of isrgn1, a novel insertion sequence of the is3 family isolated from a bacteriocin-negative mutant of ruminococcus gnavus e1. | isrgn1, an insertion sequence of the is3 family, has been identified in the genome of a bacteriocin-negative mutant of ruminococcus gnavus e1. the copy number of isrgn1 in r. gnavus e1, as well as its distribution among phylogenetically e1-related strains, has been determined. results obtained suggest that isrgn1 is not indigenous to the r. gnavus phylogenetic group but that it can transpose in this bacterium. | 2002 | 12147521 |
| lactic acid bacteria secrete metabolites retaining anti-inflammatory properties after intestinal transport. | probiotic bacteria have a beneficial effect on intestinal inflammation. in this study, we have examined the effect of lactic acid and commensal gram positive (+) bacteria conditioned media (cm) on tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) release and the mechanisms involved. | 2004 | 15138208 |
| blood group b degrading activity of ruminococcus gnavus alpha-galactosidase. | ruminococcus gnavus is a gram positive, nonspore-forming obligate anaerobe normally found in the human alimentary tract. in culture, this organism constitutively produces a 1-3 alpha-galactosidase. we fractionated and characterized this enzyme demonstrating hydrolysis of the b epitope on erythrocyte membranes and seroconversion to h epitope (blood type o). since the enzyme yield was low, cell suspension studies could not be performed. instead, hydrolysis of the b membrane epitope was studied wit ... | 2004 | 15274432 |
| ribosomal dna sequence analysis of mucosa-associated bacteria in crohn's disease. | enteric bacteria are implicated in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd); however, no specific causative organisms have been identified. | 2004 | 15626901 |
| genetic characterization of the beta-glucuronidase enzyme from a human intestinal bacterium, ruminococcus gnavus. | beta-glucuronidase activity (encoded by the gus gene) has been characterized for the first time from ruminococcus gnavus e1, an anaerobic bacterium belonging to the dominant human gut microbiota. beta-glucuronidase activity plays a major role in the generation of toxic and carcinogenic metabolites in the large intestine, as well as in the absorption and enterohepatic circulation of many aglycone residues with protective effects, such as lignans, flavonoids, ceramide and glycyrrhetinic acid, that ... | 2005 | 16000722 |
| clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum sp. nov., a glycyrrhizin-hydrolysing bacterium isolated from human faeces. | screening of faecal bacteria for glycyrrhetic acid (ga) production by hydrolysing of glycyrrhizin (gl) resulted in the isolation of two strains, designated zm35t and zm38. strains zm35t and zm38 were gram-positive, obligate anaerobic, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria. analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that strains zm35t and zm38 belonged to cluster xiva of the genus clostridium. the 16s rrna gene sequences of strains zm35t and zm38 were identical. strain zm35t exhibited ... | 2006 | 16858139 |
| microbiota matures colonic epithelium through a coordinated induction of cell cycle-related proteins in gnotobiotic rat. | previous studies have suggested that intestinal microbiota modulates colonic epithelium renewal. the objective of our work was to study the effects of microbiota on colonic epithelium structure and cell cycle-related proteins by using gnotobiotic rats. colonic crypts and amount of cell cycle-related proteins were compared between germ-free (gf), conventional (cv), and conventionalized rats by histochemistry and western blot. ki67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) were used as surroga ... | 2010 | 20466941 |
| production of an antibacterial substance in the digestive tract involved in colonization-resistance against clostridium perfringens. | ruminococcus gnavus e1, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron lemf4, clostridium hathewayi lemc7, and clostridium orbiscindens lemh9 were isolated from ex germ-free mice inoculated with a human faecal microbiota. when initially germ-free mice who were previously inoculated with the strain e1 alone, or a four-strain consortium [e1, lemf4, lemc7, and lemh9], were then challenged with 10⁸ counts of clostridium perfringens; the target strain was rapidly eliminated from the digestive tract of the animals (<10 ... | 2010 | 20603221 |
| high temporal and inter-individual variation detected in the human ileal microbiota. | the diversity and temporal stability of the predominant bacteria in the human ileum was studied with the use of ileal effluent samples of seven individuals with brooke ileostomies. the total number of bacteria within the ileal effluent was in the range of 10⁷ -10⁸ bacteria per gram (wet weight). the diversity of the bacteria in the ileal effluent showed marked differences compared with that in faecal samples from age-matched healthy adults. the ileal effluent had a higher relative abundance of s ... | 2010 | 20626454 |
| mucolytic bacteria with increased prevalence in ibd mucosa augment in vitro utilization of mucin by other bacteria. | mucosa-associated bacteria are increased in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), which suggests the possibility of an increased source of digestible endogenous mucus substrate. we hypothesized that mucolytic bacteria are increased in ibd, providing increased substrate to sustain nonmucolytic mucosa-associated bacteria. | 2010 | 20648002 |
| a pyrosequencing study in twins shows that gastrointestinal microbial profiles vary with inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes. | the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota is thought to have an important role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibds) such as crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc). interindividual variation and an inability to detect less abundant bacteria have made it difficult to correlate specific bacteria with disease. | 2010 | 20816835 |
| clostridium difficile colonization in early infancy is accompanied by changes in intestinal microbiota composition. | clostridium difficile is a major enteric pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. host susceptibility to c. difficile infections results partly from inability of the intestinal microbiota to resist c. difficile colonization. during early infancy, asymptomatic colonization by c. difficile is common and the intestinal microbiota shows low complexity. thus, we investigated the potential relationship between the microbiota composition and the implantation of c. difficile in infant gu ... | 2010 | 21177896 |
| dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with crohn's disease and their unaffected relatives. | a general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with crohn's disease (cd), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with cd was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients cd was also examined. | 2011 | 21209126 |
| impact of the metabolic activity of streptococcus thermophilus on the colon epithelium of gnotobiotic rats. | the thermophilic lactic acid bacterium streptococcus thermophilus is widely and traditionally used in the dairy industry. despite the vast level of consumption of s. thermophilus through yogurt or probiotic functional food, very few data are available about its physiology in the gastrointestinal tract (git). the objective of the present work was to explore both the metabolic activity and host response of s. thermophilus in vivo. our study profiles the protein expression of s. thermophilus after ... | 2011 | 21239485 |
| ruminococcin c, a new anti-clostridium perfringens bacteriocin produced in the gut by the commensal bacterium ruminococcus gnavus e1. | when colonizing the digestive tract of mono-associated rats, ruminococcus gnavus e1 - a bacterium isolated from human faeces - produced a trypsin-dependent anti-clostridium perfringens substance collectively named ruminococcin c (rumc). rumc was isolated from the caecal contents of e1-monocontaminated rats and found to consist of two antimicrobial fractions: a single peptide (rumcsp) of 4235 da, and a mixture of two other peptides (rumcdp) with distinct molecular masses of 4324 da and 4456 da. b ... | 2011 | 21586310 |
| characterization and distribution of the gene cluster encoding rumc, an anti-clostridium perfringens bacteriocin produced in the gut. | ruminococcin c (rumc) is a trypsin-dependent bacteriocin produced by ruminococcus gnavus e1, a gram-positive strict anaerobic strain isolated from human feces. it consists of at least three similar peptides active against clostridium perfringens. in this article, a 15-kb region from r. gnavus e1 chromosome, containing the biosynthetic gene cluster of rumc was characterized. it harbored 17 open reading frames (called rum(c) genes) with predicted functions in bacteriocin biosynthesis and post-tran ... | 2011 | 22092178 |
| α-galactosidase/sucrose kinase (agask), a novel bifunctional enzyme from the human microbiome coupling galactosidase and kinase activities. | α-galactosides are non-digestible carbohydrates widely distributed in plants. they are a potential source of energy in our daily food, and their assimilation by microbiota may play a role in obesity. in the intestinal tract, they are degraded by microbial glycosidases, which are often modular enzymes with catalytic domains linked to carbohydrate-binding modules. here we introduce a bifunctional enzyme from the human intestinal bacterium ruminococcus gnavus e1, α-galactosidase/sucrose kinase (aga ... | 2011 | 21931163 |
| Aga1, the first alpha-Galactosidase from the human bacteria Ruminococcus gnavus E1, efficiently transcribed in gut conditions. | Differential gene expression analysis was performed in monoxenic mice colonized with Ruminococcus gnavus strain E1, a major endogenous member of the gut microbiota. RNA arbitrarily primed-PCR fingerprinting assays allowed to specifically detect the in vivo expression of the aga1 gene, which was further confirmed by RT-PCR. The aga1 gene encoded a protein of 744 residues with calculated molecular mass of 85,207 Da. Aga1 exhibited significant similarity with previously characterized a-Galactosidas ... | 2011 | 22036918 |
| target highlights in casp9: experimental target structures for the critical assessment of techniques for protein structure prediction. | one goal of the casp community wide experiment on the critical assessment of techniques for protein structure prediction is to identify the current state of the art in protein structure prediction and modeling. a fundamental principle of casp is blind prediction on a set of relevant protein targets, that is, the participating computational methods are tested on a common set of experimental target proteins, for which the experimental structures are not known at the time of modeling. therefore, th ... | 2011 | 22020785 |
| filling out the structural map of the ntf2-like superfamily. | the ntf2-like superfamily is a versatile group of protein domains sharing a common fold. the sequences of these domains are very diverse and they share no common sequence motif. these domains serve a range of different functions within the proteins in which they are found, including both catalytic and non-catalytic versions. clues to the function of protein domains belonging to such a diverse superfamily can be gleaned from analysis of the proteins and organisms in which they are found. | 2013 | 24246060 |
| exercise-induced stress behavior, gut-microbiota-brain axis and diet: a systematic review for athletes. | fatigue, mood disturbances, under performance and gastrointestinal distress are common among athletes during training and competition. the psychosocial and physical demands during intense exercise can initiate a stress response activating the sympathetic-adrenomedullary and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axes, resulting in the release of stress and catabolic hormones, inflammatory cytokines and microbial molecules. the gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that have fundamental roles ... | 2016 | 27924137 |
| altered gut microbiota composition associated with eczema in infants. | eczema is frequently the first manifestation of an atopic diathesis and alteration in the diversity of gut microbiota has been reported in infants with eczema. to identify specific bacterial communities associated with eczema, we conducted a case-control study of 50 infants with eczema (cases) and 51 healthy infants (controls). we performed high-throughput sequencing for v3-v4 hypervariable regions of the 16s rrna genes from the gut fecal material. a total of 12,386 otus (operational taxonomic u ... | 2016 | 27812181 |
| in vitro fermentation of fructooligosaccharides with human gut bacteria. | fructooligosaccharides (fos) are one of the most studied prebiotics, selectively stimulating the growth of health-promoting bacteria in the host. however, there is increasing evidence that commensal gut bacteria, such as bacteroides fragilis, clostridium butyricum, enterobacter cloacae, and even the pathogenic escherichia coli ben2908, are also able to metabolize fos in vitro, and in some cases, fos displayed adverse effects. therefore, it is necessary to identify fos-metabolizing species that a ... | 2015 | 25653214 |
| cytokine response after stimulation with key commensal bacteria differ in post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (pi-ibs) patients compared to healthy controls. | microbial dysbiosis and prolonged immune activation resulting in low-grade inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction have been suggested to be underlying causes of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (pi-ibs). the aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in cytokine response between mucosal specimens of pi-ibs patients and healthy controls (hc) after ex vivo stimulation with key anaerobic bacteria. | 2015 | 26366730 |
| microorganisms linked to inflammatory bowel disease-associated dysbiosis differentially impact host physiology in gnotobiotic mice. | studying host-microbiota interactions are fundamental to understanding the mechanisms involved in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. in this work, we analyzed these interactions in mice that were mono-associated with six microorganisms that are representative of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd)-associated dysbiosis: the bacteria bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, adhesive-invasive escherichia coli (aiec), ruminococcus gnavus and roseburia intestinalis; a yeast used as a probiotic drug, saccharo ... | 2016 | 26218241 |
| effects of the dietary protein and carbohydrate ratio on gut microbiomes in dogs of different body conditions. | obesity has become a health epidemic in both humans and pets. a dysbiotic gut microbiota has been associated with obesity and other metabolic disorders. high-protein, low-carbohydrate (hplc) diets have been recommended for body weight loss, but little is known about their effects on the canine gut microbiome. sixty-three obese and lean labrador retrievers and beagles (mean age, 5.72 years) were fed a common baseline diet for 4 weeks in phase 1, followed by 4 weeks of a treatment diet, specifical ... | 2017 | 28119466 |
| specific members of the predominant gut microbiota predict pouchitis following colectomy and ipaa in uc. | pouchitis is the most common complication after colectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ipaa) for uc and the risk is the highest within the 1st year after surgery. the pathogenesis is not completely understood but clinical response to antibiotics suggests a role for gut microbiota. we hypothesised that the risk for pouchitis can be predicted based on the faecal microbial composition before colectomy. | 2017 | 26423113 |
| dairy and plant based food intakes are associated with altered faecal microbiota in 2 to 3 year old australian children. | the first 1000 days (conception to 24 months) is when gut microbiota composition and eating patterns are established, and a critical period influencing lifelong health. the aim of this study is to examine the associations between food intakes and microbiota composition at the end of this period. diet was quantified for 37 well-nourished australian children aged between 2 to 3 years by using a food frequency questionnaire and 24 hr recalls. both dairy and plant-based (fruit, vegetables, soy, puls ... | 2016 | 27694811 |
| exercise induction of gut microbiota modifications in obese, non-obese and hypertensive rats. | obesity is a multifactor disease associated with cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension. recently, gut microbiota was linked to obesity pathogenesisand shown to influence the host metabolism. moreover, several factors such as host-genotype and life-style have been shown to modulate gut microbiota composition. exercise is a well-known agent used for the treatment of numerous pathologies, such as obesity and hypertension; it has recently been demonstrated to shape gut microbiota consortia. ... | 2014 | 24952588 |
| comparison of the compositions of the stool microbiotas of infants fed goat milk formula, cow milk-based formula, or breast milk. | the aim of the study was to compare the compositions of the fecal microbiotas of infants fed goat milk formula to those of infants fed cow milk formula or breast milk as the gold standard. pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene sequences was used in the analysis of the microbiotas in stool samples collected from 90 australian babies (30 in each group) at 2 months of age. beta-diversity analysis of total microbiota sequences and lachnospiraceae sequences revealed that they were more similar in breast mi ... | 2013 | 23455335 |
| membrane filter method to study the effects of lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium longum on fecal microbiota. | a large number of commensal bacteria inhabit the intestinal tract, and interbacterial communication among gut microbiota is thought to occur. in order to analyze symbiotic relationships between probiotic strains and the gut microbiota, a ring with a membrane filter fitted to the bottom was used for in vitro investigations. test strains comprising probiotic nitto strains (lactobacillus acidophilus nt and bifidobacterium longum nt) and type strains (l. acidophilus jcm1132(t) and b. longum jcm1217( ... | 2015 | 26486646 |
| murimonas intestini gen. nov., sp. nov., an acetate-producing bacterium of the family lachnospiraceae isolated from the mouse gut. | three strains of an anaerobic, gram-stain-positive coccobacillus were isolated from the intestines of mice. these strains shared 100 % similarity in their 16s rrna gene sequences, but were distantly related to any described members of the family lachnospiraceae (<94 %). the most closely related species with names that have standing in nomenclature were robinsoniella peoriensis, ruminococcus gnavus, blautia producta and clostridium xylanolyticum. phylogenetic relationships based on 16s rrna gene ... | 2015 | 25519299 |
| diets enriched with cranberry beans alter the microbiota and mitigate colitis severity and associated inflammation. | common beans are rich in phenolic compounds and nondigestible fermentable components, which may help alleviate intestinal diseases. we assessed the gut health priming effect of a 20% cranberry bean flour diet from two bean varieties with differing profiles of phenolic compounds [darkening (dc) and nondarkening (ndc) cranberry beans vs. basal diet control (bd)] on critical aspects of gut health in unchallenged mice, and during dextran sodium sulfate (dss)-induced colitis (2% dss wt/vol, 7 days). ... | 2016 | 26878790 |
| structural robustness of the gut mucosal microbiota is associated with crohn's disease remission after surgery. | preventing postoperative recurrence after ileocolonic resection (icr) for crohn's disease (cd) is challenging. defining the disturbances of the microbial composition and community structure after icr and their link with early disease recurrence is crucial. | 2016 | 26628508 |
| a quasi-universal medium to break the aerobic/anaerobic bacterial culture dichotomy in clinical microbiology. | in the mid-19th century, the dichotomy between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was introduced. nevertheless, the aerobic growth of strictly anaerobic bacterial species such as ruminococcus gnavus and fusobacterium necrophorum, in a culture medium containing antioxidants, was recently demonstrated. we tested aerobically the culture of 623 bacterial strains from 276 bacterial species including 82 strictly anaerobic, 154 facultative anaerobic, 31 aerobic and nine microaerophilic bacterial species as ... | 2016 | 26577141 |
| butyrylated starch intake can prevent red meat-induced o6-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine adducts in human rectal tissue: a randomised clinical trial. | epidemiological studies have identified increased colorectal cancer (crc) risk with high red meat (hrm) intakes, whereas dietary fibre intake appears to be protective. in the present study, we examined whether a hrm diet increased rectal o(6)-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (o(6)meg) adduct levels in healthy human subjects, and whether butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (hamsb) was protective. a group of twenty-three individuals consumed 300 g/d of cooked red meat without (hrm diet) or with 40 g/d of ... | 2015 | 26084032 |
| induction of bacterial antigen-specific colitis by a simplified human microbiota consortium in gnotobiotic interleukin-10-/- mice. | we evaluated whether a simplified human microbiota consortium (sihumi) induces colitis in germfree (gf) 129s6/svev (129) and c57bl/6 (b6) interleukin-10-deficient (il-10(-/-)) mice, determined mouse strain effects on colitis and the microbiota, examined the effects of inflammation on relative bacterial composition, and identified immunodominant bacterial species in "humanized" il-10(-/-) mice. gf wild-type (wt) and il-10(-/-) 129 and b6 mice were colonized with 7 human-derived inflammatory bowel ... | 2014 | 24643531 |
| contribution of the 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from ruminococcus gnavus n53 to ursodeoxycholic acid formation in the human colon. | bile acid composition in the colon is determined by bile acid flow in the intestines, the population of bile acid-converting bacteria, and the properties of the responsible bacterial enzymes. ursodeoxycholic acid (udca) is regarded as a chemopreventive beneficial bile acid due to its low hydrophobicity. however, it is a minor constituent of human bile acids. here, we characterized an udca-producing bacterium, n53, isolated from human feces. 16s rdna sequence analysis identified this isolate as r ... | 2013 | 23729502 |
| functional analysis of family gh36 α-galactosidases from ruminococcus gnavus e1: insights into the metabolism of a plant oligosaccharide by a human gut symbiont. | ruminococcus gnavus belongs to the 57 most common species present in 90% of individuals. previously, we identified an α-galactosidase (aga1) belonging to glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 36 from r. gnavus e1 (m. aguilera, h. rakotoarivonina, a. brutus, t. giardina, g. simon, and m. fons, res. microbiol. 163:14-21, 2012). here, we identified a novel gh36-encoding gene from the same strain and termed it aga2. although aga1 showed a very simple genetic organization, aga2 is part of an operon of uniq ... | 2012 | 22923411 |
| faecal proteomics: a tool to investigate dysbiosis and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis. | several microbial studies reported gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). the functional consequences of this phenomenon are poorly understood. faecal metaproteomics allows the quantitative analysis of host and microbial proteins to address functional changes resulting from this dysbiosis. | 2016 | 26330184 |
| intestinal microbiota: a source of novel biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases? | the human intestine harbours a complex microbial ecosystem that performs manifold functions important to the nutrition and health of its host. extensive study has revealed that the composition of the intestinal microbiota is altered in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). the ibd associated intestinal microbiota generally has reduced species richness and diversity, lower temporal stability, and disruption of the secreted mucus layer structure. multiple studies have identified certa ... | 2013 | 23768552 |
| aerobic culture of anaerobic bacteria using antioxidants: a preliminary report. | antioxidants have been shown to help the growth of anaerobic bacteria. we were able to grow six anaerobe species (including fusobacterium necrophorum and ruminococcus gravus) and seven aerobic species all aerobically in schaedler agar tubes and agar plates with high doses of ascorbic acid and/or glutathione. this may deeply change strategies for culturing bacteria. | 2014 | 24820294 |
| associations between the human intestinal microbiota, lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and serum lipids indicated by integrated analysis of high-throughput profiling data. | accumulating evidence indicates that the intestinal microbiota regulates our physiology and metabolism. bacteria marketed as probiotics confer health benefits that may arise from their ability to affect the microbiota. here high-throughput screening of the intestinal microbiota was carried out and integrated with serum lipidomic profiling data to study the impact of probiotic intervention on the intestinal ecosystem, and to explore the associations between the intestinal bacteria and serum lipid ... | 2013 | 23638368 |
| ruminococcus gnavus infection of a metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty resembling a pseudo-tumour in a 72 year-old woman with no intestinal symptoms. | | 2016 | 27979436 |
| prosthetic joint infection by ruminococcus gnavus in a patient without associated digestive disease. | | 2017 | 27931864 |
| infant early gut colonization by lachnospiraceae: high frequency of ruminococcus gnavus. | lachnospiraceae is a bacterial family usually isolated from human and mammalian intestinal microbiota. however, its presence and role in the infant microbiota is not fully elucidated. this may be due to the strictly anaerobic behavior of its members that hampers the possibility of culture-dependent enumeration. here, we report on the presence of this bacterial group, using biomolecular techniques, in stool samples from 25 babies aged between 1 and 24 months. denaturing gradient gel electrophores ... | 2016 | 27313996 |
| the mucin-degradation strategy of ruminococcus gnavus: the importance of intramolecular trans-sialidases. | we previously identified and characterized an intramolecular trans-sialidase (it-sialidase) in the gut symbiont ruminococcus gnavus atcc 29149, which is associated to the ability of the strain to grow on mucins. in this work we have obtained and analyzed the draft genome sequence of another r. gnavus mucin-degrader, atcc 35913, isolated from a healthy individual. transcriptomics analyses of both atcc 29149 and atcc 35913 strains confirmed that the strategy utilized by r. gnavus for mucin-degrada ... | 2016 | 27223845 |
| gut bacteria that prevent growth impairments transmitted by microbiota from malnourished children. | undernourished children exhibit impaired development of their gut microbiota. transplanting microbiota from 6- and 18-month-old healthy or undernourished malawian donors into young germ-free mice that were fed a malawian diet revealed that immature microbiota from undernourished infants and children transmit impaired growth phenotypes. the representation of several age-discriminatory taxa in recipient animals correlated with lean body mass gain; liver, muscle, and brain metabolism; and bone morp ... | 2016 | 26912898 |
| ruminococcus gnavus e1 modulates mucin expression and intestinal glycosylation. | the molecular cross-talk between commensal bacteria and the gut play an important role in the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis and general health. here, we studied the impact of a major gram-positive anaerobic bacterium of the human gut microbiota, that is, ruminococcus gnavus on the glycosylation pattern and the production of intestinal mucus by the goblet cells. | 2016 | 26868655 |
| [metagenomic analysis of taxonomic and functional changes in gut microbiota of patients with alcoholic dependence syndrome]. | here we present the first metagenomic study of gut microbiota in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ads) performed in the whole-genome ("shotgun") format. taxonomic analysis highlighted changes in community "drivers" abundance previously associated with inflammatory processes (including increase in ruminococcus gnavus and torques, as well as decrease in faecalibacterium and akkermansia). microbiota of alcoholics manifested presence of specific opportunistic pathogens rarely detected in h ... | 2015 | 26716747 |
| epithelial sel1l is required for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is an incurable chronic idiopathic disease that drastically decreases quality of life. endoplasmic reticulum (er)-associated degradation (erad) is responsible for the clearance of misfolded proteins; however, its role in disease pathogenesis remains largely unexplored. here we show that the expression of sel1l and hrd1, the most conserved branch of mammalian erad, is significantly reduced in ileal crohn's disease (cd). consistent with this observation, laboratory ... | 2016 | 26631554 |
| a biosynthetic pathway for a prominent class of microbiota-derived bile acids. | the gut bile acid pool is millimolar in concentration, varies widely in composition among individuals and is linked to metabolic disease and cancer. although these molecules are derived almost exclusively from the microbiota, remarkably little is known about which bacterial species and genes are responsible for their biosynthesis. here we report a biosynthetic pathway for the second most abundant class in the gut, 3β-hydroxy(iso)-bile acids, whose levels exceed 300 μm in some humans and are abse ... | 2015 | 26192599 |
| discovery of intramolecular trans-sialidases in human gut microbiota suggests novel mechanisms of mucosal adaptation. | the gastrointestinal mucus layer is colonized by a dense community of microbes catabolizing dietary and host carbohydrates during their expansion in the gut. alterations in mucosal carbohydrate availability impact on the composition of microbial species. ruminococcus gnavus is a commensal anaerobe present in the gastrointestinal tract of >90% of humans and overrepresented in inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). using a combination of genomics, enzymology and crystallography, we show that the mucin ... | 2015 | 26154892 |
| ruminococcus gnavus total hip arthroplasty infection in a 62-year-old man with ulcerative colitis. | we report the case of a total hip arthroplasty infection caused by ruminococcus gnavus in a 62-year-old man with ulcerative colitis. the bacterium was perfectly identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. | 2015 | 25631802 |
| ruminococcus gnavus: an unusual pathogen in septic arthritis. | ruminococcus gnavus is an anaerobic gram positive coccus that can be found in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. we report a case of septic arthritis caused by r. gnavus that was identified by mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16s rrna sequencing. | 2014 | 25312827 |
| utilisation of mucin glycans by the human gut symbiont ruminococcus gnavus is strain-dependent. | commensal bacteria often have an especially rich source of glycan-degrading enzymes which allow them to utilize undigested carbohydrates from the food or the host. the species ruminococcus gnavus is present in the digestive tract of ≥90% of humans and has been implicated in gut-related diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). here we analysed the ability of two r. gnavus human strains, e1 and atcc 29149, to utilize host glycans. we showed that although both strains could assimilate mu ... | 2013 | 24204617 |
| increased abundance of sutterella spp. and ruminococcus torques in feces of children with autism spectrum disorder. | a recent report indicated that numbers of sutterella spp. are elevated in gastrointestinal biopsies taken from children with autism spectrum disorder (asd). we have recently reported changes in the numbers of some bacteria within the stool of asd children, and now examine whether numbers of sutterella spp. and some other mucosa-associated bacteria linked with gastrointestinal disease (ruminococcus gnavus and ruminococcus torques) are also altered in the stool of these children. | 2013 | 24188502 |
| two cases of ruminococcus gnavus bacteremia associated with diverticulitis. | we report two cases of bacteremia with the anaerobic bacterium ruminococcus gnavus. in both cases, the bacteremia was associated with diverticular disease. preliminary conventional identification suggested peptostreptococci, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) analysis did not produce scores high enough for species identification. finally, the bacteria were identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing. | 2013 | 23363832 |
| faecalimonas umbilicata gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces, and reclassification of eubacterium contortum, eubacterium fissicatena and clostridium oroticum as faecalicatena contorta gen. nov., comb. nov., faecalicatena fissicatena comb. nov. and faecalicatena orotica comb. nov. | two bacterial strains, designated egh7t and tsah33, were isolated from human faeces and characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach that included analysis of morphology, phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profiles and phylogenetic position based on 16s rrna and hsp60 gene sequence analyses. the results of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis indicated that these strains represented members of the family lachnospiraceae and formed a monophyletic cluster near eubacteriu ... | 2017 | 28556772 |
| effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and bifidobacterium longum bb536 on the healthy gut microbiota composition at phyla and species level: a preliminary study. | to evaluate the ability of lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and bifidobacterium longum bb536 to colonize the intestinal environment of healthy subjects and modify the gut microbiota composition. | 2017 | 28487606 |
| specificities of the intestinal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and clostridium difficile infection. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) is a common complication in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) and has been associated with poor ibd outcome. intestinal microbiota composition in ibd patients with cdi has not been specifically evaluated to date. | 2017 | 28786749 |
| membrane-enclosed multienzyme (meme) synthesis of 2,7-anhydro-sialic acid derivatives. | naturally occurring 2,7-anhydro-alpha-n-acetylneuraminic acid (2,7-anhydro-neu5ac) is a transglycosylation product of bacterial intramolecular trans-sialidases (it-sialidases). a facile one-pot two-enzyme approach has been established for the synthesis of 2,7-anhydro-sialic acid derivatives including those containing different sialic acid forms such as neu5ac and n-glycolylneuraminic acid (neu5gc). the approach is based on the use of ruminoccocus gnavus it-sialidase for the release of 2,7-anhydr ... | 2017 | 28851488 |
| faecal microbiota study reveals specific dysbiosis in spondyloarthritis. | altered microbiota composition or dysbiosis is suspected to be implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as spondyloarthritis (spa) and rheumatoid arthritis (ra). | 2017 | 28606969 |
| a bloodstream infection by ruminococcus gnavus in a patient with a gall bladder perforation. | ruminococcus gnavus is frequently found among human gut microbiome. however, human bloodstream infections by r. gnavus have been reported only three times. clinical details were lacking for one case; the other two cases with concurrent bacteremia in patients with diverticulitis. we report a case of r. gnavus bloodstream infection in a patient with a gall bladder perforation suggesting its association with damage to the gastrointestinal tract. r. gnavus was misidentified using biochemical test bu ... | 2017 | 28522363 |
| microbial shifts and signatures of long-term remission in ulcerative colitis after faecal microbiota transplantation. | faecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) may contribute towards disease remission in ulcerative colitis (uc), but it is unknown which factors determine long-term effect of treatment. here, we aimed to identify bacterial signatures associated with sustained remission. to this end, samples from healthy donors and uc patients-grouped into responders and non-responders at a primary end point (week 12) and further stratified by sustained clinical remission and relapse assessed at ⩾1-year follow-up wer ... | 2017 | 28398347 |
| alterations in the gut microbiota of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), is associated with gastrointestinal disease, systemic immune activation and changes in the gut microbiota. here, we aim to investigate the gut microbiota patterns of hiv-infected individuals and hiv-uninfected individuals in populations from south china. we enrolled 33 patients with hiv (14 participants treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy [haart] for more than 3 months; the rema ... | 2018 | 29411528 |
| metagenomic and metabolomic analyses unveil dysbiosis of gut microbiota in chronic heart failure patients. | previous studies suggested a possible gut microbiota dysbiosis in chronic heart failure (chf). however, direct evidence was lacking. in this study, we investigated the composition and metabolic patterns of gut microbiota in chf patients to provide direct evidence and comprehensive understanding of gut microbiota dysbiosis in chf. we enrolled 53 chf patients and 41 controls. metagenomic analyses of faecal samples and metabolomic analyses of faecal and plasma samples were then performed. we found ... | 2018 | 29330424 |
| unravelling the specificity and mechanism of sialic acid recognition by the gut symbiont ruminococcus gnavus. | ruminococcus gnavus is a human gut symbiont wherein the ability to degrade mucins is mediated by an intramolecular trans-sialidase (rgnanh). rgnanh comprises a gh33 catalytic domain and a sialic acid-binding carbohydrate-binding module (cbm40). here we used glycan arrays, std nmr, x-ray crystallography, mutagenesis and binding assays to determine the structure and function of rgnanh_cbm40 (rgcbm40). rgcbm40 displays the canonical cbm40 β-sandwich fold and broad specificity towards sialoglycans w ... | 2017 | 29259165 |
| a novel ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that is associated with changes in the gut microbiome. here, we sought to identify strain-specific functional correlates with ibd outcomes. | 2017 | 29183332 |
| intestinal dysbiosis featuring abundance of ruminococcus gnavus associates with allergic diseases in infants. | dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been associated with development of allergies in infants. however, it is not clear what microbes might contribute to this process. we investigated what microbe(s) might be involved in analyses of infant twins and mice. | 2018 | 28912020 |