| fecal bacteria in south african rural blacks and other population groups. | quantitative studies were performed on fecal flora of three population groups consuming different diets. twenty rural black south africans and 22 japanese, representing groups at low risk for carcinoma of the colon, were compared with 41 north americans from a high-risk population. specimens taken immediately after defecation were mixed and processed under anaerobic conditions. after the initial incubation, roll tubes were shipped to the united states for final identification. bacterioides and b ... | 1979 | 447500 |
| urease assay and urease-producing species of anaerobes in the bovine rumen and human feces. | a growth medium and test were developed for rapid detection of urease in fermentative anaerobic bacteria. using nonselective rumen fluid roll-tube agar medium and the new test, it was confirmed that peptostreptococcus productus is often the most numerous urease-forming species in human feces. also, some fecal strains of ruminococcus albus, clostridium innocuum, and clostridium beijerinckii produced urease. single strains of fusobacterium prausnitzii, coprococcus catus, and streptococcus mitis th ... | 1977 | 879770 |
| long-chain fatty acids of peptococci and peptostreptococci. | the long-chain fatty acids extracted from the whole cells of 12 clinically significant species of peptococci and peptostreptococci were characterized by gas-liquid chromatography. the resulting methylated fatty acid profiles (and some unidentified compounds) of 82 strains allowed the 12 species to be separated into four groups. fifteen strains of peptostreptococcus anaerobius were placed in group i because they had a unique, prominent compound that occurred in the area where a c8 to c10 fatty ac ... | 1976 | 1002830 |
| the reduction of n-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl by the intestinal microflora of the rat. | the role of the intestinal flora in the conversion of n-hydroxy-4-acetyl-aminobiphenyl (n-oh-aabp) to 4-acetylaminobiphenyl has been examined. this reaction, which reverses the metabolic activation of the parent carcinogen, can be demonstrated in cultures of some bacteria indigenous to the intestinal microflora. these include cultures of clostridium sp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus productus i, and bacteroides fragilis ss. thetaiotaomicron and ss. vulgatus. in contrast, cultures ... | 1975 | 1182690 |
| comparative evaluation of the metabolic potentials of different strains of peptostreptococcus productus: utilization and transformation of aromatic compounds. | three strains of peptostreptococcus productus were tested for growth at the expense of methoxylated aromatic compounds. strain m8a-18 (human fecal isolate) was unable to utilize methoxylated aromatic compounds. while the type strain atcc 27340 (human septicemia isolate) was capable of minimal growth with methoxylated aromatic compounds, atcc 35244 (sewage sludge isolate) displayed significant growth on methoxylated aromatic compounds. methoxylated phenols, benzoates, benzyl alcohol and phenylacr ... | 1992 | 1521774 |
| nosocomial infections of ocular conjunctiva in newborns delivered by cesarian section. | colonization of the ocular conjunctiva in newborns delivered by cesarian section occurs usually within the first day of life. we have studied the flora of the ocular conjunctiva at birth, from 19 newborns delivered by cesarian section, coming from two different maternity hospitals. ocular conjunctiva cultures yielded the main predominant flora in both maternity hospitals considered. the most common genus of this flora are: staphylococcus, corynebacterium and propionibacterium acnes. peptostrepto ... | 1991 | 1870845 |
| purification and characterization of nadp(+)-dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase from peptostreptococcus productus marburg. | the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase of heterotrophically grown peptostreptococcus productus marburg was purified to apparent homogeneity. the purified enzyme catalyzed the reversible oxidation of methylenetetrahydrofolate with nadp+ as the electron acceptor at a specific activity of 627 u/mg of protein. the km values for methylenetetrahydrofolate and for nadp+ were 27 and 113 microm, respectively. the enzyme, which lacked 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase activity, was in ... | 1991 | 1899860 |
| purification and properties of a nadh-dependent 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase from peptostreptococcus productus. | the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase from the carbon-monoxide-utilizing homoacetogen peptostreptococcus productus (strain marburg) has been purified to apparent homogeneity. the purified enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of nadh with methylenetetrahydrofolate as the electron acceptor at a specific activity of 380 mumols.min-1 mg protein-1 (37 degrees c; ph 5.5). the apparent km for nadh was near 10 microm. the apparent molecular mass of the enzyme was determined by gel filtration to be approxima ... | 1990 | 2209595 |
| biotransformations of aromatic aldehydes by acetogenic bacteria. | vanillin was subject to o demethylation and supported growth of clostridium formicoaceticum and clostridium thermoaceticum. vanillin was also stimulatory to the co-dependent growth of peptostreptococcus productus. the aldehyde substituent of vanillin was metabolized by routes which were dependent upon both the acetogen and a co-metabolizable substrate (e.g. carbon monoxide [co]). c. formicoaceticum and c. thermoaceticum oxidized the aldehyde group of vanillin to the carboxyl level, while p. prod ... | 1990 | 2328911 |
| the active species of "co2" formed by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from peptostreptococcus productus. | carbon monoxide dehydrogenase of anaerobic bacteria catalyzes the reversible conversion of co to "co2". with the enzyme from peptostreptococcus productus it is shown that co2 rather than hco3- (h2co3) is the active species of "co2" formed by this dehydrogenase. | 1989 | 2504176 |
| bacteriotherapy for chronic relapsing clostridium difficile diarrhoea in six patients. | six patients with chronic relapsing diarrhoea caused by clostridium difficile were treated with rectal instillation of homologous faeces (one patient) or a mixture of ten different facultatively aerobic and anaerobic bacteria diluted in sterile saline (five patients). the mixture led to a prompt loss of cl difficile and its toxin from the stools and to bowel colonisation by bacteroides sp, which had not been present in pre-treatment stool samples. strains of escherichia coli, cl bifermentans, an ... | 1989 | 2566734 |
| serological studies of peptostreptococci using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. | members of the genus peptostreptococcus are frequent isolates from periodontal lesions. a study was undertaken for determination of the serological relationships of oral and non-oral strains of several species of this genus. eighty-nine strains of peptostreptococci representing seven species were tested by means of an indirect fluorescent antibody technique (ifa), with rabbit antisera to peptostreptococcus anaerobius atcc 27337, peptostreptococcus micros vpi 2618-a, and peptostreptococcus produc ... | 1989 | 2685068 |
| characterization of nad-dependent 3 alpha- and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and of nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from peptostreptococcus productus. | a human fecal isolate, characterized by morphological, physiological and biochemical data as a strain of peptostreptococcus roductus, was shown to contain nad-dependent 3 alpha- and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and a nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. all enzyme activities could be demonstrated in crude extracts and in membrane fractions. the 3 alpha- and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases were synthesized constitutively. specific enzymatic activities were significantl ... | 1989 | 2752021 |
| chemotaxis inhibition by gardnerella vaginalis and succinate producing vaginal anaerobes: composition of vaginal discharge associated with g vaginalis. | the influence of six succinate producing vaginal anaerobes and gardnerella vaginalis on the chemotactic activity of granulocytes was studied by the under agarose method. g vaginalis, mobiluncus species, and three gram negative anaerobes elicited hardly any response, but peptostreptococcus productus showed clear positive chemotaxis, as did the escherichia coli strain used as a control. inhibition of the chemotactic response of white blood cells was found with all strains, but the high succinate p ... | 1989 | 2787775 |
| induction of chronic arthritis in rats by cell wall fragments of anaerobic coccoid rods isolated from the faecal flora of patients with crohn's disease. | crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are accompanied by seronegative arthritis in about one fifth of the cases. in the present study, cell wall fragments from major residents such as eubacterium, coprococcus and peptostreptococcus species, isolated from the faecal flora of patients with crohn's disease, were tested for properties to induce chronic arthritis in lewis rats. cell wall fragments from eubacterium contortum strains me44 and me47 were found to induce chronic arthritis; peptostreptoco ... | 1988 | 3410168 |
| arthropathic properties of cell wall polymers from normal flora bacteria. | peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (pg-ps) fragments were purified from cell walls of group d streptococci (streptococcus faecium, strains atcc 9790 and f-24) with a protocol which minimizes autolytic activity and tested for ability to induce arthritis in rats. pg-ps fragments from cell walls of other normal flora bacteria (peptostreptococcus productus, and propionibacterium acnes), group a streptococci, and pseudomurein-ps fragments from cell walls of methanobacterium formicicum, were similarly purif ... | 1986 | 3940996 |
| isolation of ureolytic peptostreptococcus productus from feces using defined medium; failure of common urease tests. | colony counts of fecal samples from three persons, obtained by using a chemically defined anaerobic roll-tube medium (containing glucose, maltose, glycerol, minerals, hemin, b-vitamins, methionine, volatile fatty acids, sulfide, bicarbonate, agar, carbon dioxide (gas phase), and 1 mm nh(4) (+) as main nitrogen source), averaged 60% of the 8.8 x 10(10) bacteria per g obtained when 0.2% trypticase and 0.05% yeast extract were added to the otherwise identical medium. when 0.2% vitamin-free casitone ... | 1974 | 4213672 |
| predominant gram-positive bacteria in human feces: numbers, variety, and persistence. | the predominant gram-positive bacteria in 47 fecal specimens from 10 healthy men were studied by microscopic and cultural counts, by the characterization and tentative identification of isolates, and by the use of fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated globulins prepared using some of the isolates. gram-positive bacteria averaged 10(10.5+/-0.4(sd)/g (wet weight) of feces with significant variation from host to host. characterization of 865 isolates, all strict anaerobes and carbohydrate fe ... | 1974 | 4595760 |
| peptostreptococcus productus strain that grows rapidly with co as the energy source. | anaerobic bacteria were enriched with a sewage digestor sludge inoculum and a mineral medium supplemented with b-vitamins and 0.05% yeast extract and with a 50% co-30% n2-20% co2 (2 atm [202 kpa]) gas phase. microscopic observation revealed an abundance of gram-positive cocci, 1.0 by 1.4 micron, which occurred in pairs or chains. the coccus, strain u-1, was isolated by using roll tubes with co as the energy source. based on morphology, sugars fermented, fermentation products from glucose (h2, ac ... | 1984 | 6430231 |
| anaerobic ureolytic bacteria from caecal content and soft faeces of rabbit. | forty strains of ureolytic bacteria were isolated from the caecal content and soft faeces of seven rabbits by the anaerobic roll tube method and were characterized. the isolates were identified with clostridium coccoides, cl. innocuum, peptostreptococcus productus, p. micros, peptococcus magnus, fusobacterium russii and fusobacterium sp. urease activity of representative strains of the various species was also determined. the study indicated that strongly-ureolytic anaerobic bacteria are present ... | 1984 | 6490567 |
| induction in rats of serum agglutinins to eubacterium, peptostreptococcus and coprococcus species by the faecal flora from patients with crohn's disease and healthy subjects. | sera from patients with crohn's disease more often than those from other subjects contain agglutinins against anaerobic coccoid rods, identified as peptostreptococcus productus, eubacterium contortum (two strains) and coprococcus comes. the presence of antigens of the four coccoid rods in faeces of patients with crohn's disease and healthy subjects was investigated by inoculation of rats with faecal suspensions. antigens of the coccoid rods were detected in faeces from both patients with crohn's ... | 1984 | 6501880 |
| purification and characterization of nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from peptostreptococcus productus strain b-52. | an nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was purified 11.5-fold over the activity in crude cell extracts prepared from peptostreptococcus productus strain b-52, by using sephadex g-200 and deae-cellulose column chromatography. 7 beta-dehydrogenation was the sole transformation of bile acids catalyzed by the partially purified enzyme. the enzyme preparation (spec. act. 2.781 iu per mg protein) had an optimum ph of 9.8. lineweaver-burk plots showed a michaelis constant (km) value of 0 ... | 1983 | 6572075 |
| kinetic parameters of lactate dehydrogenases of some rumen bacterial species, the anaerobic ciliate isotricha prostoma and mixed rumen microorganisms. | a number of kinetic parameters of the lactate dehydrogenases of three rumen bacterial species (peptostreptococcus productus, propionibacterium acnes and actinomyces viscosus), the rumen ciliate isotricha prostoma and mixed rumen microorganisms (mrm) with respect to nadh, pyruvate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate (fdp) as well as the effects of several nucleotide phosphates were studied. partially purified ldh of peptostr. productus had the same kinetic parameters as in crude cell free extracts. values ... | 1980 | 6778389 |
| characterization of nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases from peptostreptococcus productus and eubacterium aerofaciens. | peptostreptococcus productus strain b-52 (a human fecal isolate) and eubacterium aerofaciens atcc 25986 were found to contain nadp-dependent 7 beta-hydroxysteriod dehydrogenase activity. the enzyme was synthesized constitutively by both organisms, and the enzyme yields were suppressed by the addition of 0.5 mm 7 beta-hydroxy bile acid to the growth medium. purification of the enzyme by chromatography resulted in preparations with 3.5 (p. productus b-52, on sephadex g-200) and 1.8 (e. aerofaciens ... | 1982 | 6954878 |
| serum agglutinins to eubacterium and peptostreptococcus species in crohn's and other diseases. | sera from patients suffering from crohn's and other diseases and from healthy subjects were tested for agglutinins to anaerobic, gram-positive coccoid rods belonging to species of eubacterium and peptostreptococcus. four strains labelled eubacterium contortum (two strains), eubacterium rectale and peptostreptococcus productus were agglutinated by a higher percentage of sera from patients with crohn's disease than from healthy subjects and from patients with liver and intestinal diseases (includi ... | 1981 | 7019318 |
| characterization of the cecal bacteria of normal pigs. | one hundred ninety-two isolates from cecal contents of three normal weaned pigs were obtained by means of anaerobic roll tube methods and were characterized. seventy-eight percent of the isolates were gram-negative. the most numerous species isolated from each of the pigs was bacteroides ruminicola. this species accounted for 35% of the isolates that were characterized, and selenomonas ruminantium accounted for 21% of the isolates. other gram-negative bacteria isolated from all three pigs were b ... | 1981 | 7235711 |
| 16s ribosomal dna sequences of anaerobic cocci and proposal of ruminococcus hansenii comb. nov. and ruminococcus productus comb. nov. | the 16s ribosomal dna sequences of representative members of the family peptococcaceae were determined. the members of the family examined were divided into the following four phylogenetic groups: peptococcus niger atcc 27731t (t = type strain), the sarcina-peptostreptococcus anaerobius group, the ruminococcus-coprococcus group, and the peptostreptococcus group. peptococcus niger, the type species of the family, was not related to other members of the family. peptostreptococcus anaerobius atcc 2 ... | 1994 | 8123556 |
| bacterial colonization and degradation of demineralized dentin matrix in situ. | lesion formation in dentin involves demineralization followed by degradation of the exposed organic matrix. proteinases from microorganisms present in the dentin are believed to play an important role in the breakdown of the dentinal collagen. in this study, the microflora colonizing decalcified dentin matrix, placed in situ, was identified. the gelatinolytic activity of the isolated strains was assessed and related to the degradation of the dentin matrix. the predominant species found were stre ... | 1994 | 8124693 |
| delta 22-beta-muricholic acid in monoassociated rats and conventional rats. | bile acids were analyzed in the bile, small and large intestines, and feces of germ-free rats after a single inoculation with one of six intestinal bacteria that had been originally isolated from human feces. bacteroides vulgatus and bifidobacterium longum preferentially deconjugated tauro-beta-muricholic acid and taurocholic acid, respectively. clostridium ramosum, peptostreptococcus productus and lactobacillus gasseri deconjugated both bile acids, but escherichia coli did not deconjugate eithe ... | 1994 | 8177022 |
| [studies on the locality and the function of spirosome in bacterial cells: relationship between the production of spirosome and anaerobic glycolysis]. | the locality and the function of spirosome were studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and electron microscopy in peptostreptococcus productus, clostridium sp. hd-17, lactobacillus fermentum, eubacterium aerofaciens and escherichia cali b. when the bacterial cells in phosphate buffered saline were disrupted by sonication and fractionated by differential centrifugation, the spirosome protein was found in the cytoplasmic fraction and not in the fraction of ... | 1993 | 8315808 |
| phylogenetic analysis of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, does not support the reclassification of streptococcus hansenii and peptostreptococcus productus as ruminococci. | the 16s rrna gene sequence of the type strain of ruminococcus flavefaciens, the type species of the genus ruminococcus, was determined by pcr direct sequencing. a comparative sequence analysis showed that r. flavefaciens is phylogenetically related to a small cluster (cluster iv of collins et al. [m. d. collins, p. a. lawson, a. willems, j. j. cordoba, j. fernandez-garayzabal, p. garcia, j. cai, h. hippe, and j. a. e. farrow, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 44:812-826, 1994]) of organisms which include ... | 1995 | 8590686 |
| effect of co2 on the fermentation capacities of the acetogen peptostreptococcus productus u-1. | the fermentative capacities of the acetogenic bacterium peptostreptococcus productus u-1 (atcc 35244) were examined. although acetate was formed from all the substrates tested, additional products were produced in response to co2 limitation. under co2-limited conditions, fructose-dependent growth yielded high levels of lactate as a reduced end product; lactate was also produced under co2-enriched conditions when fructose concentrations were elevated. in the absence of supplemental co2, xylose-de ... | 1996 | 8655492 |
| ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus sp. nov., a new h2/co2-utilizing acetogenic bacterium isolated from human feces. | a new h2/co2-utilizing acetogenic bacterium was isolated from the feces of a non-methane-excreting human subject. the two strains s5a33 and s5a36 were strictly anaerobic, gram-positive, non-sporulating coccobacilli. the isolates grew autotrophically by metabolizing h2/co2 to form acetate as sole metabolite and were also able to grow heterotrophically on a variety of organic compounds. the major end product of glucose and fructose fermentation was acetate; the strains also formed ethanol, lactate ... | 1996 | 8703194 |
| pcr detection and quantitation of predominant anaerobic bacteria in human and animal fecal samples. | pcr procedures based on 16s rrna gene sequences specific for 12 anaerobic bacteria that predominate in the human intestinal tract were developed and used for quantitative detection of these species in human (adult and baby) feces and animal (rat, mouse, cat, dog, monkey, and rabbit) feces. fusobacterium prausnitzii, peptostreptococcus productus, and clostridium clostridiiforme had high pcr titers (the maximum dilutions for positive pcr results ranged from 10(-3) to 10(-8)) in all of the human an ... | 1996 | 8919784 |
| effect of 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid and peptostreptococcus productus atcc 35244 addition on stimulation of reductive acetogenesis in the ruminal ecosystem by selective inhibition of methanogenesis. | evidence is provided that reductive acetogenesis can be stimulated in ruminal samples during short-term (24-h) incubations when methanogenesis is inhibited selectively. while addition of the reductive acetogen peptostreptococcus productus atcc 35244 alone had no significant influence on ch4 and volatile fatty acid (vfa) production in ruminal samples, the addition of this strain together with 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid (bes) (final concentration, 0.01 or 0.03 mm) resulted in stimulation of acetic ... | 1997 | 8979351 |
| effect of the addition of peptostreptococcus productus atcc35244 on the gastro-intestinal microbiota and its activity, as simulated in an in vitro simulator of the human gastro-intestinal tract. | peptostreptococcus productus atcc35244, a reductive acetogenic strain, was added daily over 9 successive days to the fourth vessel (ascending colon) of the shime, a six-stage reactor system simulating the in vivo continuous culture conditions of the human gastro-intestinal tract. final numbers of organisms (cfu)/ml reactor contents (c) were attained such that log10c = 6.9 +/- 0.1. the addition caused the ch4 production to decrease below the detection limit while total gas and co2 production in t ... | 1997 | 9274052 |
| anaerobic bacteria in orofacial abscesses. | obligate anaerobic bacteria were cultured from 15 orofacial abscesses. bacteroides species constituted 43 per cent, clostridium 21 per cent, fusobacterium 14 per cent, peptostreptococci 11 per cent, peptococci 7 per cent and veillonella 4 per cent of the isolates. this study confirms the polymicrobial nature of orofacial infections. sensitivity to antibiotics was unpredictable. clostridium difficile, clostridium tetani, peptostreptococcus productus and veillonella parvula showed resistance to so ... | 1993 | 9508939 |
| [a case report of epidural abscess due to anaerobic bacteria, producing a mass of gas]. | a 54-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on may 8, 1996, for evaluation of fever and headache. her cerebrospinal fluid showed elevation of the cell count and total protein. the thoracic and lumbar mris revealed abnormal gas occupying the epidural space at the sacral level, and extended as high as 9th thoracic level. the gas spread inside the iliopsoas and paraspinal muscles. anaerobic bacteria such as bacteroides fragilis and peptostreptococcus productus were cultured from the spinal fl ... | 1998 | 9711118 |
| purification and properties of nadh-dependent 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) from escherichia coli. | a k-12 strain of escherichia coli that overproduces methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) has been constructed, and the enzyme has been purified to apparent homogeneity. a plasmid specifying metf with six histidine residues added to the c terminus has been used to purify histidine-tagged metf to homogeneity in a single step by affinity chromatography on nickel-agarose, yielding a preparation with specific activity comparable to that of the unmodified enzyme. the native protein comprises fou ... | 1999 | 9922232 |
| differential induction of colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats selectively colonized with bacteroides vulgatus or escherichia coli. | resident bacteria play an important role in initiating and perpetuating gastrointestinal inflammation. we previously demonstrated that six commensal bacteria including bacteroides vulgatus caused more aggressive colitis and gastritis in hla-b27 transgenic rats than did the other five bacteria without b. vulgatus. this study compared the degree of gastrointestinal inflammation in gnotobiotic hla-b27 transgenic rats monoassociated with either b. vulgatus or escherichia coli. gnotobiotic transgenic ... | 1999 | 10338507 |
| formation of hyodeoxycholic acid from muricholic acid and hyocholic acid by an unidentified gram-positive rod termed hdca-1 isolated from rat intestinal microflora. | from the rat intestinal microflora we isolated a gram-positive rod, termed hdca-1, that is a member of a not previously described genomic species and that is able to transform the 3alpha,6beta, 7beta-trihydroxy bile acid beta-muricholic acid into hyodeoxycholic acid (3alpha,6alpha-dihydroxy acid) by dehydroxylation of the 7beta-hydroxy group and epimerization of the 6beta-hydroxy group into a 6alpha-hydroxy group. other bile acids that were also transformed into hyodeoxycholic acid were hyocholi ... | 1999 | 10388717 |
| identification of predominant human and animal anaerobic intestinal bacterial species by terminal restriction fragment patterns (trfps): a rapid, pcr-based method. | identification of predominant human and animal intestinal tract anaerobes by conventional methods is cumbersome, time-consuming and less sensitive as compared to molecular methods. we have developed a molecular technique to identify most of the abundant intestinal microflora by polyermase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a 16s rrna gene fragment using a pair of universal pcr primers. the forward pcr primer was labelled with 6-carboxyfluorescein amino hexy (6-fam) fluorescent dye to detect t ... | 2001 | 11851378 |
| design and evaluation of oligonucleotide-microarray method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | an oligonucleotide-microarray method was developed for the detection of intestinal bacteria in fecal samples collected from human subjects. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to glass slides. cyanine5 (cy5)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from human fecal samples or ... | 2002 | 12167534 |
| development of a membrane-array method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | a membrane-array method was developed for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples without using the expensive microarray-arrayer and laser-scanner. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to nitrocellulose membranes. digoxigenin (dig)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain ... | 2002 | 12477438 |
| intestinal bacterial communities that produce active estrogen-like compounds enterodiol and enterolactone in humans. | lignans are dietary diphenolic compounds which require activation by intestinal bacteria to exert possible beneficial health effects. the intestinal ecosystem plays a crucial role in lignan metabolism, but the organisms involved are poorly described. to characterize the bacterial communities responsible for secoisolariciresinol (seco) activation, i.e., the communities that produce the enterolignans enterodiol (ed) and enterolactone (el), a study with 24 human subjects was undertaken. seco activa ... | 2005 | 16204524 |
| effects of difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii) administration on rat intestinal microbiota. | the effects of difructose anhydride iii (di-d-fructofuranose-1,2':2,3'-dianhydride; dfa iii) administration (3% dfa iii for 4 weeks) on rat intestinal microbiota were examined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). according to dgge profiles, the number of bacteria related to bacteroides acidofaciens and uncultured bacteria within the clostridium lituseburense group decreased, while that of bacteria related to bacteroides vulgatus, bacteroides uniformis and ruminococcus productus ... | 2005 | 16233782 |
| effects of difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii) administration on bile acids and growth of dfa iii-assimilating bacterium ruminococcus productus on rat intestine. | the growth of dfa iii-assimilating bacteria in the intestines of rats fed 3% dfa iii for 2 weeks was examined. sixty-four percent of the dfa iii intake had been assimilated on day 3 of ingestion, and almost all of the dfa iii was assimilated at the end of the experiment. the dfa iii-assimilating bacterium, ruminococcus productus, in dfa iii-fed rats was in the stationary state of 10(8)-10(9) cells/g dry feces within a week from 10(6) cells/g dry feces on day 1 of dfa iii ingestion. the number of ... | 2005 | 16233830 |
| phylogeny of human intestinal bacteria that activate the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. | the human intestinal microbiota is essential for the conversion of the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (sdg) via secoisolariciresinol (seco) to the enterolignans enterodiol (ed) and enterolactone (el). however, knowledge of the species that catalyse the underlying reactions is scant. therefore, we focused our attention on the identification of intestinal bacteria involved in the conversion of sdg. strains of bacteroides distasonis, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides ovatus and clo ... | 2006 | 16466386 |
| effects of ingestion of difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii) and the dfa iii-assimilating bacterium ruminococcus productus on rat intestine. | we have isolated a difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii)-assimilating bacterium, ruminococcus productus ahu1760, from human. after an acclimation period of 1 week, male sprague-dawley rats (5 weeks old) were divided into four groups (control diet, r. productus diet, dfa iii diet, and r. productus + dfa iii diet; n = 8) and fed the assigned test diets for 2 weeks. the viable count of administered r. productus was 4.9 x 10(7) cfu/d in r. productus-fed rats and 4.7 x 10(7) cfu/d in r. productus + dfa ... | 2006 | 16495647 |
| occurrence and activity of human intestinal bacteria involved in the conversion of dietary lignans. | the human intestinal microbiota is necessary for the production of enterolignans from the dietary lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (sdg). however, little is known about the bacteria that contribute to sdg conversion. therefore, we aimed at describing the occurrence and activity of sdg metabolising bacteria. the data showed differences in conversion efficiency between sdg deglycosylating species, but sdg was completely deglycosylated within 20 h by five of six strains. the strain clostridi ... | 2006 | 16765860 |
| clostridium saccharogumia sp. nov. and lactonifactor longoviformis gen. nov., sp. nov., two novel human faecal bacteria involved in the conversion of the dietary phytoestrogen secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. | two anaerobic bacteria involved in the conversion of the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside were isolated from faeces of a healthy male adult. the first isolate, strain sdg-mt85-3db, was a mesophilic strictly anaerobic gram-positive helically coiled rod. based on 16s r rna gene sequence analysis, its nearest relatives were clostridium cocleatum (96.7% similarity) and clostridium ramosum (96.6%). in contrast to these species, the isolate was devoid of alpha-galactosidase and -glucosida ... | 2007 | 17196483 |
| [liver abscess and infective endocarditis cases caused by ruminococcus productus]. | the genus ruminococcus which are anaerobe gram positive cocci, previously classified as peptostreptococcus, may colonize the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, vagina and skin of humans and animals. in this report a case of liver abscess and a case of infective endocarditis caused by ruminoccocus productus, which is very rarely encountered in the clinical practice were presented. the first case was a 32 years old male who was admitted to the hospital in 2002, with the complaints of ... | 2006 | 17205698 |
| necrotizing fasciitis with ruminococcus. | necrotizing fasciitis is a life- and limb-threatening soft tissue infection. due to its underlying predisposition and rapid progression, treatment should be started quickly using antibiotherapy and surgical intervention. although necrotizing fasciitis is mainly caused by streptococci and staphylococci, it may also be polymicrobial. other peptostreptococci have been reported as necrotizing fasciitis agents in the literature, though we encountered no cases of necrotizing fasciitis caused by rumino ... | 2008 | 18201995 |
| study of gaseous substrate fermentations: carbon monoxide conversion to acetate. 1. batch culture. | biological processes may be used to convert gas phase substrates, such as h(2)s, ch(4), co, h(2), and co(2), to useful products. utilization of these substrates is often a mass transfer limited process, first requiring absorption across the gas-liquid interface and diffusion through the culture medium to the cell surface, prior to reaction. this article presents a method for determining fermentation parameters of a gaseous substrate in convenient batch vessels using a modified monod model. the p ... | 1989 | 18588164 |
| study of gaseous substrate fermentations: carbon monoxide conversion to acetate. 2. continuous culture. | the fermentation of gaseous substrates such as co, h(2), and co(2) may be performed in a continuous stirred tank reactor, as well as the traditional batch reactor. in this article, the conversion of carbon monoxide by peptostreptococcus productus is demonstrated in a stirred tank reactor under both mass transfer-controlled and nonmass transfer-controlled conditions. utilizing a non-steady-state procedure, intrinsic rates are evaluated under non-mass transfer-controlled conditions in a time perio ... | 1989 | 18588165 |
| reclassification of clostridium coccoides, ruminococcus hansenii, ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, ruminococcus luti, ruminococcus productus and ruminococcus schinkii as blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., blautia hansenii comb. nov., blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., blautia luti comb. nov., blautia producta comb. nov., blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. | phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on 15 isolates of an unidentified gram-positive, anaerobic, non-sporulating coccobacillus-shaped bacterium isolated from human faeces. the novel organisms were catalase-negative, indole-negative and produced acetate and succinate as end products of metabolism. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing demonstrated that the 15 isolates were highly related to each other and formed a hitherto unknown subline within the clostridial rrna cluster xiva. the ... | 2008 | 18676476 |
| microbial transformation and bioactivation of isoflavones from pueraria flowers by human intestinal bacterial strains. | the flowers from pueraria, which are called puerariae flos, have been used since ancient times for recovery from alcohol intoxication. we elucidated the microbial transformation of the main isoflavones (1, 1a and 2) by using 29 commercially available human intestinal bacterial strains together with the bioactivation of the hepatoprotective activity of their metabolites. tectoridin (1a), which contains only one glucosyl moiety, was metabolized to its aglycone 1b by various bacterial strains. on t ... | 2009 | 19219523 |
| bacterial conversion of secoisolariciresinol and anhydrosecoisolariciresinol. | it has been investigated whether secoisolariciresinol (seco) and anhydrosecoisolariciresinol (ahs), an acid degradation product of seco, could be fermented in a similar way, and to a similar extent, by members of the intestinal microbiota. | 2009 | 19302311 |
| biomass-derived syngas fermentation into biofuels: opportunities and challenges. | the conversion of biomass-derived synthesis gas (or syngas in brief) into biofuels by microbial catalysts (such as clostridium ljungdahlii, clostridium autoethanogenum, acetobacterium woodii, clostridium carboxidivorans and peptostreptococcus productus) has gained considerable attention as a promising alternative for biofuel production in the recent past. the utilization of the whole biomass, including lignin, irrespective of biomass quality, the elimination of complex pre-treatment steps and co ... | 2010 | 20096574 |
| bacterial transformation of dietary lignans in gnotobiotic rats. | the bioactivity of lignans depends on their transformation by gut bacteria. the intestinal bacteria clostridium saccharogumia, eggerthella lenta, blautia producta and lactonifactor longoviformis convert the plant lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside via secoisolariciresinol (seco) into the bioactive enterolignans enterodiol (ed) and enterolactone (el). while the in vitro conversion of lignans by these bacteria has already been demonstrated, it is unclear whether this defined community is also ... | 2010 | 20370826 |
| blautia stercoris sp. nov., isolated from human feces. | strain gam6-1(t) is a novel, strictly anaerobic and non-spore-forming gram-positive bacterium, which was isolated from the feces of a healthy individual. a comparison of 16s rrna gene sequence similarities indicates that strain gam6-1(t) is most closely related to blautia producta dsm 2950(t) (95.7 %) in the family lachnospiraceae. strain gam6-1(t) did not exhibit either catalase or oxidase activity. cellular fatty acids are of the straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated types, with c(14:0) ... | 2011 | 21571940 |
| human intestinal microbiota: characterization of a simplified and stable gnotobiotic rat model. | the study of host microbe interactions is hampered by the complexity and inter-individual variability of the human gut microbiota. therefore, a simplified human intestinal microbiota (sihumi) consisting of seven bacterial species was introduced into germfree rats. species selection was based on numerical importance and fermentative abilities in the human gut. association of the rats with the sihumi (anaerostipes caccae, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bifidobacterium longum, blautia producta, clos ... | 2010 | 21637015 |
| faecal microbiota composition in vegetarians: comparison with omnivores in a cohort of young women in southern india. | the effect of vegetarian diets on faecal microbiota has been explored largely through culture-based techniques. the present study compared the faecal microbiota of vegetarian and omnivorous young women in southern india. faecal samples were obtained from thirty-two lacto-vegetarian and twenty-four omnivorous young adult women from a similar social and economic background. macronutrient intake and anthropometric data were collected. faecal microbiota of interest was quantified by real-time pcr wi ... | 2011 | 22182464 |
| lignan transformation by gut bacteria lowers tumor burden in a gnotobiotic rat model of breast cancer. | high dietary lignan exposure is implicated in a reduced breast cancer risk in women. the bacterial transformation of plant lignans to enterolignans is thought to be essential for this effect. to provide evidence for this assumption, gnotobiotic rats were colonized with the lignan-converting bacteria clostridium saccharogumia, eggerthella lenta, blautia producta and lactonifactor longoviformis (lcc rats). germ-free rats were used as the control. all animals were fed a lignan-rich flaxseed diet an ... | 2012 | 22080573 |
| fecal microbiota in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared with healthy controls using real-time polymerase chain reaction: an evidence of dysbiosis. | dysbiosis may play a role in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), hitherto an enigmatic disorder. we evaluated selected fecal microbes in ibs patients and healthy controls (hc). | 2015 | 25784074 |
| murimonas intestini gen. nov., sp. nov., an acetate-producing bacterium of the family lachnospiraceae isolated from the mouse gut. | three strains of an anaerobic, gram-stain-positive coccobacillus were isolated from the intestines of mice. these strains shared 100 % similarity in their 16s rrna gene sequences, but were distantly related to any described members of the family lachnospiraceae (<94 %). the most closely related species with names that have standing in nomenclature were robinsoniella peoriensis, ruminococcus gnavus, blautia producta and clostridium xylanolyticum. phylogenetic relationships based on 16s rrna gene ... | 2015 | 25519299 |
| effect of lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and bifidobacterium longum bb536 on the healthy gut microbiota composition at phyla and species level: a preliminary study. | to evaluate the ability of lactobacillus rhamnosus hn001 and bifidobacterium longum bb536 to colonize the intestinal environment of healthy subjects and modify the gut microbiota composition. | 2017 | 28487606 |
| cooperating commensals restore colonization resistance to vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium. | antibiotic-mediated microbiota destruction and the consequent loss of colonization resistance can result in intestinal domination with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre), leading to bloodstream infection in hospitalized patients. clearance of vre remains a challenging goal that, if achieved, would reduce systemic vre infections and patient-to-patient transmission. although obligate anaerobic commensal bacteria have been associated with colonization resistance to vre, the specific bacterial ... | 2017 | 28494240 |
| detection of anaerobic infection in diabetic foot ulcer using pcr technique and the status of metronidazole therapy on treatment outcome. | metronidazole is the drug of choice for anaerobic infection in diabetic foot ulcers (dfu) for a majority of clinicians. the present study was conducted to determine if metronidazole is really making a difference in the healing of dfu. | 2012 | 25876052 |