| new schistorophine nematodes (acuraiidae) from new zealand shore birds. | viktorocara torea and sciadiocara tarapunga n. spp. are described from specimens from the gizzards of haematopus ostralegus finschi and larus novaehollandiae scopulinus respectively. all hosts were collected in the south island, new zealand. v. torea is characterised by the possession of doubly bifid apices to the long spicule and absence of a subterminal spicular spur; presence of six preanal papillae, the first and second widely spaced: the muscular region of the oesophagus constituting about ... | 1978 | 659825 |
| discovery of gymnophalloides seoi metacercariae in oysters from islands of the west sea known as the habitats of paleartic oystercatchers. | an epidemiological survey was performed to know the infection status of oysters with gymnophalloides seoi metacercariae in 7 islands of the west sea known as the habitat of paleartic oystercatchers, haematopus ostralegus osculans, in korea. the surveyed areas were aphaedo (shinan-gun, chollanam-do), jangjado, sonyudo and munyodo (okdo-myon, kunsan-shi, chollabuk-do), yubudo (changhang-up, sochon-gun chungchongnam-do), and polumdo and chumoondo (sodo-myon, kangwha-gun. inchonshi). the oysters col ... | 1998 | 9755587 |
| the palearctic oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus, a natural definitive host for gymnophalloides seoi. | in order to verify the role of migrating birds as natural definitive hosts for gymnophalloides seoi (gymnophallidae), palearctic oystercatchers, haematopus ostralegus, were caught from several western coastal areas in the republic of korea and examined for intestinal flukes. five (71.4%) of 7 oystercatchers were infected with 302-1,660 (mean 892) adult g. seoi. in intestinal sections of the host, worms were found in the intervillous space of the mucosal layer. we conclude that the oystercatcher ... | 2000 | 10780567 |
| a review of gymnophalloides seoi (digenea: gymnophallidae) and human infections in the republic of korea. | studies on gymnophalloides seoi (digenea: gymnophallidae) and human infections are briefly reviewed. this minute intestinal fluke was first discovered from a korean woman suffering from acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal troubles. it was described as a new species by lee, chai and hong in 1993. the southwestern coastal village where the patient resided was found to be a highly endemic area, and additional endemic areas have been identified. the parasite is very small, 0.33-0.50 mm long and ... | 2001 | 11441510 |
| profilicollis novaezelandensis n. sp. (polymorphidae) and two other acanthocephalan parasites from shore birds (haematopodidae and scolopacidae) in new zealand, with records of two species in intertidal crabs (decapoda: grapsidae and ocypodidae). | profilicollis novaezelandensis n. sp. (acanthocephala: polymorphidae) is described from the south island pied oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus finschi martens (haematopodidae) and the intertidal crab hemigrapsus crenulatus (milne edwards) (brachyura: grapsidae) from the south island of new zealand. the new species can be distinguished from all the other species of the genus by a combination of the following characters: long neck (13% of total body length for adults) and a subspherical probosc ... | 2002 | 12023562 |
| impacts of disturbance from construction work on the densities and feeding behavior of waterbirds using the intertidal mudflats of cardiff bay, uk. | the impact of disturbance from construction work around cardiff bay, south wales, on the densities and feeding behavior of seven waterbird species was studied over an 11-year period. construction of a barrage across the mouth of the bay has subsequently resulted in its impoundment; other major works included the construction of a bridge carrying a divided highway. construction work disturbance significantly reduced the densities of five species--green-winged teal (anas crecca), eurasian oysterca ... | 2002 | 12402100 |
| radionuclides and the birds at ravenglass. | since 1983, concern has been expressed about the apparent decline in numbers of birds in the ravenglass estuary in west cumbria, particularly of the black-headed gull colony on the drigg dunes, and suggestions have been made that this decline might be due to excessive radiation in the birds' food and their general environment. twelve species of marine invertebrates from ravenglass, most of them known to be important foods for birds, were analysed, and further samples were taken from sites along ... | 1991 | 15092143 |
| intake rates and the functional response in shorebirds (charadriiformes) eating macro-invertebrates. | as field determinations take much effort, it would be useful to be able to predict easily the coefficients describing the functional response of free-living predators, the function relating food intake rate to the abundance of food organisms in the environment. as a means easily to parameterise an individual-based model of shorebird charadriiformes populations, we attempted this for shorebirds eating macro-invertebrates. intake rate is measured as the ash-free dry mass (afdm) per second of activ ... | 2006 | 16863594 |
| foot preferences during resting in wildfowl and waders. | footedness in birds has been reported, e.g., in parrots and chickens, but the direction of footedness remained unclear. is a bird left-footed because it uses its left foot for holding and handling food, or is it right-footed because it uses the right foot for stabilisation and balancing while perching? in 2004 and 2006 i examined footedness in wildfowl and waders while the birds were performing a single task: roosting on the ground on one foot. avocet (recurvirostra avosetta), northern shoveller ... | 2007 | 17365634 |
| expertise acquisition as sustained learning in humans and other animals: commonalities across species. | expertise acquisition may be a universal attribute of animals. in this study data on foraging efficiency, or expertise, was compared for four species: honeybees (apis mellifera), oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus), chimpanzees (pan troglodytes), and humans (homo sapiens). polynomial regression models were constructed to investigate the relationship between age and foraging efficiency. there was a similar expertise-acquisition function between age and foraging efficiency across species, best ... | 2008 | 17534675 |
| molecular epidemiology and characterization of campylobacter spp. isolated from wild bird populations in northern england. | campylobacter infections have been reported at prevalences ranging from 2 to 50% in a range of wild bird species, although there have been few studies that have investigated the molecular epidemiology of campylobacter spp. consequently, whether wild birds are a source of infection in humans or domestic livestock or are mainly recipients of domestic animal strains and whether separate cycles of infection occur remain unknown. to address these questions, serial cross-sectional surveys of wild bird ... | 2009 | 19286781 |
| individual-based ecology of coastal birds. | conservation objectives for non-breeding coastal birds (shorebirds and wildfowl) are determined from their population size at coastal sites. to advise coastal managers, models must predict quantitatively the effects of environmental change on population size or the demographic rates (mortality and reproduction) that determine it. as habitat association models and depletion models are not able to do this, we developed an approach that has produced such predictions thereby enabling policy makers t ... | 2010 | 19961470 |
| effects of an extract of oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus) eggs from the zeehavenkanaal in the netherlands, and of its major contaminant, hexachlorobenzene, on the chicken embryo. | oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus) foraging on the canal 'zeehavenkanaal' in the netherlands have been shown to accumulate appreciable amounts of contaminants, especially hexachlorobenzene. the present study was performed to assess the embryotoxic effects of the present contaminants. to this end, a two step approach was followed. in step one, the toxic effects of hexachlorobenzene were studied in the chicken embryo bioassay, using concentrations realistic for the field situation. in step two ... | 2002 | 21782634 |
| shorebird community variations indicative of a general perturbation in the mont-saint-michel bay (france). | the mont-saint-michel bay located on the east atlantic flyway is the first site in france for wintering shorebirds, with, on average, 53,000 individuals in january. seven species represent 96% of that community: dunlin (calidris alpina), knot (calidris canutus), oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus), curlew (numenius arquata), grey plover (pluvialis squatarola), bar-tailed godwit (limosa lapponica) and black-tailed godwit (limosa limosa). the international bird census organised by wetlands inter ... | 2003 | 14558463 |
| health status of seabirds and coastal birds found at the german north sea coast. | systematic pathological investigations to assess the health status of seabirds and coastal birds in germany were performed. the investigation was conducted to obtain data on possible causes of decline in seabird and coastal bird populations. | 2012 | 22812640 |
| interference competition and the functional response of oystercatchers searching for cockles by touch. | we examined interference competition for food in oystercatchers, haematopus ostralegus l., feeding on cockles, cerastoderma edule l., when kleptoparasitism was infrequent. these birds opened cockles by hammering a hole in the shell, searched for them by touch and experienced densities of feeding conspecifics that ranged from 0 to 2362.5 birds/ha. handling times were not significantly correlated with competitor density, but the probability of successfully opening a cockle declined significantly a ... | 1998 | 9784213 |
| prey depletion and foraging strategy in the oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus. | the responses of a population of oystercatchers to their own depletion of their prey, the edible cockle cerastoderma edule, have been examined in strangford lough, northern ireland., cockle stocks were severely depleted each winter as a result of predation by oystercatchers and about half the birds present in october in the main study area had left by march: the reduction was greater when the initial population of oystercatchers was high than when it was low. oystercatchers were initially widesp ... | 1977 | 28309339 |
| phylogenetic analysis supports horizontal transmission as a driving force of the spread of avian bornaviruses. | avian bornaviruses are a genetically diverse group of viruses initially discovered in 2008. they are known to infect several avian orders. bornaviruses of parrots and related species (psittaciformes) are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease, a chronic and often fatal neurologic disease widely distributed in captive psittacine populations. although knowledge has considerably increased in the past years, many aspects of the biology of avian bornaviruses are still undiscovered. in ... | 2016 | 27537693 |
| plagiorhynchidae meyer, 1931 (acanthocephala) from australasian birds and mammals, with descriptions of plagiorhynchus (plagiorhynchus) menurae (johnston, 1912) and p. (p.) allisonae n. sp. | new host and locality records are given for plagiorhynchus (plagiorhynchus) charadrii (yamaguti, 1939) van cleave, 1951 and p. (prosthorhynchus) cylindraceus (goeze, 1782) schmidt & kuntz, 1966. the uncertainty of identification of a plover host of p. (p.) charadrii as well as the origins of p. (p.) cylindraceus (found in australia but not new zealand) and its occurrence in both bird and mammal hosts are discussed. p. (p.) menurae (johnston, 1912) golvan, 1956 is redescribed, including the male, ... | 2002 | 11912346 |
| a new trematode, reesella doviensis gen. et sp. nov., from the oystercatcher, haematopus ostralegus occidentalis, in wales. | | 1956 | 13346048 |
| andrepigynotaenia haematopodis, n. g., n. sp., a new protogynous tapeworm from the oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus occidentalis neumann. | | 1947 | 20282363 |
| energetics of growth in semi-precocial shorebird chicks in a warm environment: the african black oystercatcher, haematopus moquini. | we studied prefledging growth, energy expenditure and time budgets of african black oystercatcher, haematopus moquini, chicks on robben island, western cape, south africa. the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of parental feeding on the growth and energetics of semi-precocial shorebird chicks. chicks reached mean fledging mass, 463 g, in 40 days. the growth rate coefficient of african black oystercatcher chicks was 2% below the predicted value for a shorebird species of their body m ... | 2007 | 17513097 |
| no phenotypic plasticity in nest-site selection in response to extreme flooding events. | phenotypic plasticity is a crucial mechanism for responding to changes in climatic means, yet we know little about its role in responding to extreme climatic events (eces). eces may lack the reliable cues necessary for phenotypic plasticity to evolve; however, this has not been empirically tested. we investigated whether behavioural plasticity in nest-site selection allows a long-lived shorebird (haematopus ostralegus) to respond to flooding. we collected longitudinal nest elevation data on indi ... | 2017 | 28483869 |
| a fundamental study revisited: quantitative evidence for territory quality in oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus) using gps data loggers. | a fundamental study by ens et al. (1992, journal of animal ecology, 61, 703) developed the concept of two different nest-territory qualities in eurasian oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus, l.), resulting in different reproductive successes. "resident" oystercatchers use breeding territories close to the high-tide line and occupy adjacent foraging territories on mudflats. "leapfrog" oystercatchers breed further away from their foraging territories. in accordance with this concept, we hypothesi ... | 2017 | 28070292 |
| assessment of contaminant levels and trophic relations at a world heritage site by measurements in a characteristic shorebird species. | the river elbe is responsible for influxes of contaminants into the wadden sea world heritage site. we investigated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), oxychlordane (oxc), hexachlorobenzene (hcb), hexachlorocyclohexanes (α-, β-, γ-hchs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and its metabolites, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in blood and feathers from eurasian oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus; n = 28) at the elbe and compared it with a non-riverine site about 90 km furt ... | 2015 | 25460633 |
| large-scale spatial pollution patterns around the north sea indicated by coastal bird eggs within an ecoqo programme. | to categorize the marine environmental health status, the oslo and paris commissions have recently formulated ecological quality objectives (ecoqos) for many ecological features including the contamination of coastal bird eggs with mercury and organochlorines. in this study, we describe spatial and temporal patterns of egg contamination around the north sea and compared them to the ecoqos. concentrations of mercury, polychlorinated biphenyl (σpcb) congeners, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (σddt ... | 2012 | 22864753 |
| from sensor data to animal behaviour: an oystercatcher example. | animal-borne sensors enable researchers to remotely track animals, their physiological state and body movements. accelerometers, for example, have been used in several studies to measure body movement, posture, and energy expenditure, although predominantly in marine animals. in many studies, behaviour is often inferred from expert interpretation of sensor data and not validated with direct observations of the animal. the aim of this study was to derive models that could be used to classify oyst ... | 2012 | 22693586 |
| assessment of blue mussel mytilus edulis fisheries and waterbird shellfish-predator management in the danish wadden sea. | we assessed the blue mussel mytilus edulis fishery management scheme introduced in 1994 in the danish wadden sea that regulate fishing vessels, fishery quota, set-aside for mussel-eating birds and established zones closed to mussel fishery. the results showed (i) a reduction in the blue mussel biomass and mussel bed areas in zones closed to fishery, (ii) decrease in eiders somateria mollissima numbers and increase or stable numbers for oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus and herring gull larus a ... | 2010 | 21090002 |
| effects of climate change and variability on population dynamics in a long-lived shorebird. | climate change affects both the mean and variability of climatic variables, but their relative impact on the dynamics of populations is still largely unexplored. based on a long-term study of the demography of a declining eurasian oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus) population, we quantify the effect of changes in mean and variance of winter temperature on different vital rates across the life cycle. subsequently, we quantify, using stochastic stage-structured models, how changes in the mean a ... | 2010 | 20462133 |
| clam farmers and oystercatchers: effects of the degradation of lanice conchilega beds by shellfish farming on the spatial distribution of shorebirds. | the manila clam ruditapes philippinarum cultivation is an original shellfish farming activity strongly mechanized. in the chausey archipelago (france) this activity settles on the lanice conchilega beds, habitat known to host a rich and diversified benthic macrofauna and which is an attractive feeding ground for birds. a first study highlighted that this activity had strong negative effects on the l. conchilega beds and their associated benthic macrofauna. here we assess the impacts of such an a ... | 2009 | 19100583 |
| overestimations of food abundance: predator responses to prey aggregation. | understanding and predicting the consequences of trophic interactions for community processes requires knowledge of the role of food availability, which is often wrongly conflated with prey abundance. for prey animals in groups, this is not fully understood. previous work has shown that oystercatchers more frequently attack solitary rather than aggregated limpets and are more successful in predation attempts on singletons. it has also been demonstrated that an attack on one limpet in a group ale ... | 2008 | 18705365 |
| benefits to shorebirds from invasion of a non-native shellfish. | introductions of non-native species are seen as major threats to ecosystem function and biodiversity. however, invasions of aquatic habitats by non-native species are known to benefit generalist consumers that exhibit dietary switches and prey upon the exotic species in addition to or in preference to native ones. there is, however, little knowledge concerning the population-level implications of such dietary changes. here, we show that the introduction of the manila clam tapes philippinarum int ... | 2007 | 17412684 |
| age-dependent traits: a new statistical model to separate within- and between-individual effects. | evolutionary questions regarding aging address patterns of within-individual change in traits during a lifetime. however, most studies report associations between age and, for example, reproduction based on cross-sectional comparisons, which may be confounded with progressive changes in phenotypic population composition. unbiased estimation of patterns of age-dependent reproduction (or other traits) requires disentanglement of within-individual change (improvement, senescence) and between-indivi ... | 2006 | 16671020 |
| a silver spoon for a golden future: long-term effects of natal origin on fitness prospects of oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus). | 1. long-term effects of conditions during early development on fitness are important for life history evolution and population ecology. using multistrata mark-recapture models on 20 years of data, we quantified the relation between rearing conditions and lifetime fitness in a long-lived shorebird, the oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus). we addressed specifically the relative contribution of short- and long-term effects of rearing conditions to overall fitness consequences. 2. rearing conditio ... | 2006 | 16638014 |
| oystercatchers use colour preference to achieve longer-term optimality. | the optimal diet model entails that foragers look beyond the individual prey encounter, to at least the level of intake rate across a bout of foraging, but optimization over a longer time remains controversial. in this paper, we show how oystercatchers increase their intake over the longer term using mussel colour as a cue. wintering oystercatchers haematopus ostralegus feed extensively on mussels mytilus edulis in the estuaries of southern britain. they show a marked preference for brown-shelle ... | 2002 | 11886646 |
| genetic analysis of the population structure of socially organized oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus) using microsatellites. | on the island of schiermonnikoog (the netherlands), the breeding population of oystercatchers can be divided into two groups: 'residents' and 'leapfrogs', based on their distinct social characteristics and limited probabilities of status change between breeding seasons. in order to investigate whether this social organization has caused local genetic differentiation, leapfrogs and residents were compared at eight polymorphic microsatellite loci. no significant genetic subdivision between residen ... | 1999 | 10065540 |
| the changing trade-off between food finding and food stealing in juvenile oystercatchers | when juvenile oystercatchers, haematopus ostralegus, first arrived on the wintering grounds in august and september, they regularly stole mussels, mytilus edulis, from other, mainly older, oystercatchers. by october, however, juveniles stole far fewer mussels and found almost all their mussels independently for themselves on the mussel bed. although stealing a mussel was always less profitable than taking a mussel from the mussel bed, a simple rate-maximizing optimality model showed that, in aug ... | 1998 | 9514679 |
| the possible role of selenium in antioxidation in marine waders; a preliminary study. | in a marine wader, the oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus), the activity of the selenium-dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) in the red blood cells (rbc) was measured. the average activity, 97 +/- 19 units/g hb, is within the range reported for mammals. no correlation was observed between the selenium concentration and gsh-px activity in the erythrocytes and it is calculated that only a small percentage of the selenium present in the rbc is bound to the enzyme. therefore, it is co ... | 1994 | 8209230 |
| selenium status in charadriiformes. tissue distribution and seasonal, geographical, and species variation. | the distribution of selenium in a marine wader, the oystercatcher (haematopus ostralegus) is given by the levels in 15 tissues and plasma. red blood cells (rbc) contain the highest level (23 mg/kg dry wt) followed by liver, lung, and kidney (17-19 mg/kg). most other tissues range from 3-10 mg/kg. the average kidney and liver concentrations of the oystercatcher belong to the concentrations characteristic in birds. however, the oystercatcher's tissue selenium concentrations are in general four- to ... | 2017 | 7509175 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls in oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus) from the oosterschelde (dutch delta area) and the western wadden sea, that died from starvation during severe winter weather. | wintering oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus), charadriid shorebirds that chiefly feed on intertidal bivalves, suffered mass mortality in the netherlands during severe frosts in 1986 and 1987. pcbs were analysed in liver and (partially) brain lipids of 96 birds to examine the influence of age (three categories), sex and wintering area (the oosterschelde estuary versus the westernmost wadden sea) on levels, and the risk of intoxication due to starvation. victims had lost nearly 40% of their no ... | 1991 | 15092124 |
| the analysis of monitoring data with the aid of time-series analysis. | methods derived from time-series analysis are proposed for processing monitoring data. the necessity for the use of these methods is demonstrated. in a case study time-series analysis was applied to assess the impact of the closure of the grevelingen estuary (s. w. netherlands) in 1971 on a local wintering population of oystercatchers (haematopus ostralegus) in the adjacent oosterschelde estuary. | 1986 | 24253676 |
| field estimates of the strength of interference between oystercatchers haematopus ostralegus. | the rate at which oystercatchers ate mussels was higher when few oystercatchers were present. the calculated strength of this interference (m) was immensely higher than is compatible with those models which assume interference is coused solely by the time predators waste when they encounter each other. | 1982 | 28309908 |
| does intensive goose grazing affect breeding waders? | increasing goose population sizes gives rise to conflicts with human socioeconomic interests and in some circumstances conservation interests. grazing by high abundances of geese in grasslands is postulated to lead to a very short and homogeneous sward height negatively affecting cover for breeding meadow birds and impacting survival of nests and chicks. we studied the effects of spring grazing barnacle geese branta leucopsis and brent geese branta bernicla on occupancy of extensively farmed fre ... | 2019 | 31938537 |
| habitat selection can reduce effects of extreme climatic events in a long-lived shorebird. | changes in the frequency of extreme climatic events (eces) can have profound impacts on individual fitness by degrading habitat quality. organisms may respond to such changes through habitat selection, favouring those areas less affected by eces; however, documenting habitat selection in response to eces is difficult in the wild due to the rarity of such events and the long-term biological data required. sea level rise and changing weather patterns over the past decades have led to an increase i ... | 2019 | 31175665 |
| the cranial and cervical osteology of the european oystercatcher haematopus ostralegus l. | the cranial and cervical osteology of the european oystercatcher, haematopus ostralegus l. is completely described from both whole skeletons and spirit specimens. contrary to previous reports, the postorbital ligament shows variability in bifurcation and attachment, with the posterior branch, where present, attaching either to the suprameatic process or the zygomatic process. in addition, the quadrate ligament, which had been described as originating from the suprameatic process, appears instead ... | 1984 | 30037158 |