| the origin and development of the epidermis and associated structures in the cercaria of cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) (digenea: heterophyidae) from littorina littorea (l.). | | 1976 | 3793 |
| the development of the tail and the excretory system in the cercaria of cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) (digenea: heterophyidae from littorina littorea (l.)). | | 1977 | 15264 |
| studies on the pigmented and unpigmented photoreceptors of the cercaria of cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) from littorina littorea (l.). | | 1975 | 235128 |
| plutonium and americium uptake in rats fed with cumbrian shellfish--implications for estimates of dose to man. | winkles (littorina littorea) and mussels (mytilus edulis) collected on the cumbrian coast contain americium-241 and isotopes of plutonium discharged from the nuclear-fuel reprocessing plant at sellafield. shellfish have been fed to rats and measurements made of the gastrointestinal absorption of the actinides. for shellfish collected over a 1-year period from march 1983 to february 1984, the average values for the fractional absorption of plutonium and americium were 9 x 10(-4) and 3 x 10(-4), r ... | 1988 | 3363317 |
| the ultrastructure of the body wall and associated structures of the cercaria of cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) (digenea: heterophyidae) from littorina littorea (l.). | | 1974 | 4432613 |
| littorina littorea: lowered heat tolerance due to cryptocotyle lingua. | | 1969 | 5362576 |
| changes in periwinkle (littorina littorea) populations following the ban on tbt-based antifoulings on small boats in the united kingdom. | in 1987 the uk government banned the use of tributyl tin (tbt)-based antifouling paints on small boats of less than 25 m. following initial control measures taken in 1986, a program of research was started to monitor concentrations of tbt residues in estuarine waters and sediments and to observe faunistic changes in highly contaminated estuaries. as part of this program, the size-frequency and abundance of littorina littorea populations have been recorded in the estuaries of the rivers crouch (e ... | 1995 | 7539373 |
| immunocytochemical distribution of neuropeptide f (npf) in the gastropod mollusc, helix aspersa, and in several other invertebrates. | the distribution of neuropeptide f (npf) immunoreactivity in the snail, helix aspersa, has been demonstrated by immunocytochemistry using 2 region-specific antisera. one, designated npf3, was raised against a synthetic n-terminal fragment of helix aspersa npf; the other, designated pp221, was raised against the c-terminal hexapeptide amide of mammalian pancreatic polypeptide (pp) but cross-reacts fully with the analogous c-terminal region of helix aspersa npf. the distribution of npf immunoreact ... | 1994 | 8111844 |
| metacercarial encystment and in vivo cultivation of cercaria lebouri stunkard 1932 (digenea: notocotylidae) to adults identified as paramonostomum chabaudi van strydonck 1965. | cercariae found occurring in naturally infected gastropod molluscs, littorina littorea, were identified as cercaria lebouri stunkard 1932. they were induced to form metacercarial cysts on the surface of glass petri dishes. each cercaria became attached by its oral sucker and adopted a disc-like shape before discarding its tail. a transparent cyst wall was secreted over and around each organism, inside which developmental changes were observed for up to 4 weeks. six-week-old metacercariae were fe ... | 1997 | 9421714 |
| transfer across the human gut of environmental plutonium, americium, cobalt, caesium and technetium: studies with cockles (cerastoderma edule) from the irish sea. | our previous studies have indicated lower values of the gut transfer factor ('f1 values') for plutonium and americium in winkles (littorina littorea) than adopted by icrp. the present study was undertaken primarily to investigate whether this observation extends to other species. samples of cockles (carastoderma edule) from ravenglass, cumbria were eaten by volunteers who provided 24 h samples of urine and faeces. urine samples indicated f1 values for cockles which were higher than for winkles; ... | 1998 | 9656190 |
| heavy metal accumulation in the periwinkle littorina littorea, along a pollution gradient in the scheldt estuary. | inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry (icp-aes) was used to determine heavy metal concentrations in the shells and soft tissues of the periwinkle littorina littorea, collected at seven sites along the scheldt estuary. several metals accumulate in the animals soft body parts, and are related to the seawards decreasing pollution gradient. no clear correlation with a previously detected shell size patterning could be established. | 2000 | 11059847 |
| [genetic heterogeneity in natural populations of microphallus piriformes and m. pygmaeus parthenites (trematoda: microphallidae)]. | the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique was applied for the studies of genetic heterogeny between several natural populations of trematodes belonging to the microphallida family. initially, the metacercariae from the daughter sporocysts infestating littorina saxatilis and littorina littorea periwinkles were used. comparison of the banding patterns obtained for the different metacercariae within one sporocyst gave an unpredicted results. for two of three studied species (m. pygmaeus ... | 2000 | 11212616 |
| [comparative morphofunctional analysis of the gastropod-trematode interactions]. | a morphofunctional aspect of pathogenesis in various mollusc--trematode combinations is very different. to evaluate the level of antagonism between the host and parasite, it is reasonable to use a summarized parameter of general physiological state of infected individuals. the somatic growth of the host could be used for that purpose. analysis of original and reference data has shown, that the gastropod growth response to the trematode infection depends on the longevity of molluscs. the growth a ... | 2000 | 11212617 |
| effects of trematode parasitism on the behaviour and ecology of a common marine snail (littorina littorea (l.)). | cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) is a digenean trematode parasite of the littoral prosobranch gastropod littorina littorea (l.). the literature suggests the snails become infected by grazing guano of the final host, the herring gull, larus argentatus pontoppidan. the parasite emerges from the snail as free-swimming cercariae. interactions between the snail and the parasite at cellular and life-history levels are well established, but little is known of the influences the interaction has on the beha ... | 2001 | 11358576 |
| intersex and sterility in the periwinkle littorina littorea (mollusca: gastropoda) along the western scheldt estuary, the netherlands. | in this study we present the results of an intersex survey of littorina littorea along the heavily polluted western scheldt estuary (the netherlands), and record for the first time the intersex phenomenon in l. littorea from dutch waters. intersex differed significantly between localities and was the highest in the vicinity of the harbours of antwerp and vlissingen, as reflected by the i | 2001 | 11570805 |
| [respiration and motor activity of cercariae of three trematode species from the intertidal mollusc littorina littorea l (gastropoda) from the white sea]. | the age dynamics in oxygen consumption of the cercariae himasthla elongata, cryptocotyle lingua and cercaria parvicaudata (renicola sp.) was studied using modified winkler's method. it was detected that under stable temperature and water salinity conditions the rate of oxygen uptake depends directly on cercariae size. the highest intensity of energetic metabolism was recorded in the first few hours of cercariae life when their movement activity was maximal. the following reduction of oxygen cons ... | 2001 | 11605457 |
| incorporation of organic tritium (3h) by marine organisms and sediment in the severn estuary/bristol channel (uk). | discharges of tritium (3h) into the severn estuary/bristol channel (uk) arise from the authorized release of wastes from nuclear power plants at hinkley point and berkley/oldbury and from the nycomed-amersham radiochemical plant, via the sewer system, at cardiff. the wastes from the nuclear power plants probably consist almost entirely of 3h2o, whereas those from the radiochemical plant also include uncharacterized 3h labelled organic compounds. the total 3h concentrations in demersal fish and o ... | 2001 | 11693639 |
| effects of heavy metal pollution on swimming and longevity in cercariae of cryptocotyle lingua (digenea: heterophyidae). | effects of heavy metal pollution on the cercariae of the marine trematode cryptocotyle lingua (creplin) were studied by measuring horizontal swimming rate (hsr) and longevity. these factors are important for transmission to the next host, a fish. cercariae released by littorina littorea (l.) collected from polluted and unpolluted sites were compared. both hsr and longevity were significantly reduced in cercariae from the polluted environment. cercarial quality was therefore reduced, directly or ... | 2001 | 11719961 |
| a baseline survey of intersex in littorina littorea along the scheldt estuary, the netherlands. | | 2004 | 14980475 |
| sensitivity to cadmium along a salinity gradient in populations of the periwinkle, littorina littorea, using time-to-death analysis. | in this study, we assessed the combined effect of cd concentration and salinity, on cd uptake and mortality rate of littorina littorea, collected along a salinity and pollution gradient in the western scheldt estuary (the netherlands). animals kept at their field salinity levels were exposed to three cd concentrations (i.e. 10, 40 and 320 microm), while animals kept in 10 microm of cd were subjected to five salinity treatments (i.e. 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 per thousand). mortality was recorded eve ... | 2004 | 15129767 |
| the population genetic structure of littorina littorea (mollusca: gastropoda) along a pollution gradient in the scheldt estuary (the netherlands) using rapd analysis. | the population genetic structure of the periwinkle littorina littorea was analysed using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd). three primers, coding for six putative polymorphic loci were surveyed to infer the genetic structure of seven populations located along the heavily polluted western (i.e. in order of decreasing pollution load w1, w2, w3 and r1) and the relatively clean eastern scheldt (e1, e2 and e3) estuary (the netherlands). a genetic distance based upgma (unweighted pair group meth ... | 2004 | 15144778 |
| uptake and depuration of 131i by the edible periwinkle littorina littorea: uptake from seawater. | uptake and depuration experiments for the edible periwinkle littorina littorea have been performed using 131i-labelled seawater. throughout the experimental phase the winkles were fed on unlabelled chondrus crispus. 131i concentrations in winkles during uptake followed linear first-order kinetics with an uptake half-time of 11 days, whereas for depuration a triphasic sequence with biological half-lives of 4, 23 and 56 days was determined. in general, iodine turnover in winkles via labelled seawa ... | 2005 | 15465179 |
| effects of host habitat quality on the viability of cryptocotyle lingua (trematoda: digenea) cercariae. | in an earlier study it was shown that cryptocotyle lingua cercariae, matured in littorina littorea from a polluted marine lagoon, displayed slower horizontal swimming rates, and reduced longevity compared to cercariae released by periwinkles from a cleaner environment. this work investigated whether the pollution-induced reduction in swimming rates was due to an inefficient swimming action or the adoption of a less direct swimming path. in addition, cercariae from l. littorea that had been trans ... | 2005 | 15727069 |
| temporal trends in soft tissue metal levels in the periwinkle littorina littorea along the scheldt estuary, the netherlands. | | 2005 | 15823312 |
| coupled biophysical global ocean model and molecular genetic analyses identify multiple introductions of cryptogenic species. | the anthropogenic introduction of exotic species is one of the greatest modern threats to marine biodiversity. yet exotic species introductions remain difficult to predict and are easily misunderstood because knowledge of natural dispersal patterns, species diversity, and biogeography is often insufficient to distinguish between a broadly dispersed natural population and an exotic one. here we compare a global molecular phylogeny of a representative marine meroplanktonic taxon, the moon-jellyfis ... | 2005 | 16103373 |
| analysis of signal transduction pathways during anoxia exposure in a marine snail: a role for p38 map kinase and downstream signaling cascades. | the responses of members of the three main mapk families (erk, jnk/sapk, p38 mapk), as well as selected peripheral pathways, were examined in hepatopancreas of the marine periwinkle, littorina littorea, to determine if anoxia exposure influenced the total protein content or the phosphorylation status of any key components. the content of active phospho-p38 mapk was 2-fold higher in hepatopancreas from anoxic snails relative to controls. a 1.7-fold increase in the amount of phospho-hsp27 and a 1. ... | 2006 | 16326124 |
| rediae of echinostomatid and heterophyid trematodes suppress phagocytosis of haemocytes in littorina littorea (gastropoda: prosobranchia). | a modulation of the phagocytic activity of hemocytes from the common periwinkle littorina littorea by secretory-excretory products (sep) released by trematode rediae during axenic in vitro cultivation was studied. the sep released by the parasites himasthla elongata (echinostomatidae) and cryptocotyle lingua (heterophyidae) were found to inhibit the phagocytosis of zymozan particles by periwinkle hemocytes. the specificity of sep effects was assessed: sep of himasthla militaris and cryptocotyle ... | 2006 | 16438967 |
| modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) activity in response to different immune stimuli in haemocytes of the common periwinkle littorina littorea. | the modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) activity in haemocytes of the common periwinkle (littorina littorea) in response to immune challenges by lipopolysaccharide from echerichia coli (lps), mannan from baker's yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and secretory-excretory products (sep) of trematodes himasthla elongata (echinostomatidae) or after the treatment with phorbol ester (pma) has been studied by western blotting using affinity purified rabbit polyclonal antibodies. exposure ... | 2006 | 16533608 |
| habitat and transmission--effect of tidal level and upstream host density on metacercarial load in an intertidal bivalve. | transmission of parasites may be mediated by their habitat, consisting of abiotic and biotic components. i investigated the effect of 2 important habitat components in intertidal ecosystems, tidal level (abiotic) and density of upstream hosts (biotic), on the transmission of trematode cercariae to cockle (cerastoderma edule) hosts. a field survey showed no general trend in metacercarial loads of cockles regarding tidal level but species-dependent reactions. parasites originating from littorina l ... | 2007 | 17076926 |
| energy saving through trail following in a marine snail. | most snails and slugs locomote over a layer of mucus and although the resultant mucus trail is expensive to produce, we show that this expense can be reduced by trail following. when tracking over fresh conspecific trails, the marine intertidal snail littorina littorea (l.) produced only approximately 27% of the mucus laid by marker snails. when tracking over weathered trails, snails adjusted their mucus production to recreate a convex trail profile of similar shape and thickness to the trail as ... | 2007 | 17327203 |
| effects of environmental stress on the condition of littorina littorea along the scheldt estuary (the netherlands). | the condition of the periwinkle littorina littorea, expressed in terms of its shell morphology, reproductive impairment (i.e. female sterility/intersex, male penis shedding), trematode infestation load, lipid reserves and dry/wet weight ratio, was determined in function of environmental stress along the polluted western and relatively clean eastern scheldt estuary (the netherlands). the upstream increasing pollution and decreasing salinity levels along the western scheldt estuary (fig. 1) are re ... | 2007 | 17343899 |
| parasites alter community structure. | parasites often play an important role in modifying the physiology and behavior of their hosts and may, consequently, mediate the influence hosts have on other components of an ecological community. along the northern atlantic coast of north america, the dominant herbivorous snail littorina littorea structures rocky intertidal communities through strong grazing pressure and is frequently parasitized by the digenean trematode cryptocotyle lingua. we hypothesized that the effects of parasitism on ... | 2007 | 17517667 |
| the enigma of the haemogram "left-shift" in periwinkles infected with trematodes. | to make further progress in the understanding of digenean immune evasive tactics in their snail host, we compared the haemopoietic parameters and haemocyte functional potencies in the prosobranch littorina littorea, which were either healthy or infected with echinostome trematode himasthla elongata. the haemocyte concentration in the circulation of infected individuals was significantly higher than in uninfected ones, 3300 microl(-1) and 1882 microl(-1), respectively. intense haemopoiesis in hae ... | 2008 | 18387820 |
| a weight-of-evidence approach to assessing the ecological impact of organotin pollution in dutch marine and brackish waters; combining risk prognosis and field monitoring using common periwinkles (littorina littorea). | in the present study an integrated ecological risk assessment based on multiple lines of evidence (loes) was evaluated in order to better assess the risk from tbt in dutch harbours and open coastal waters. on the basis of spatial distributions of measured tributyltin (tbt) concentrations in sediments and suspended matter, predictions of the intersex index (isi) in littorina littorea and the ecological risk expressed as the potentially affected fraction (paf) of species were made. the results wer ... | 2008 | 18407347 |
| solving cryptogenic histories using host and parasite molecular genetics: the resolution of littorina littorea's north american origin. | even after decades of investigation using multiple sources of evidence, the natural histories of some species remain unclear (i.e. cryptogenic). a key example is littorina littorea, the most abundant intertidal snail in northeastern north america. native to europe, the snail's ecological history in north america has been debated for over 100 years with no definitive resolution. to resolve its cryptogenic status, we used molecular genetics from a novel combination of the snail and a highly associ ... | 2008 | 18643882 |
| [distribution of acetylcholinesterase activity in the digestive system of the gastropod molluscs littorina littorea and achatina fulica]. | with the use of the histochemical procedure for the demonstration of acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, the distribution cholinergic regulatory elements was studied in the esophagus, the pharynx, the stomach, the liver (the digestive gland) and the intestine in sea and terrestrial gastropod molluscs that differed in their general organization level, lifestyle, habitat and feeding type. in both molluscs, all the parts of the digestive tract contained the significant amount of intraepithelial a ... | 2008 | 19069417 |
| intersex in littorina littorea and dna damage in mytilus edulis as indicators of harbour pollution. | intersex in snails (littorina littorea) and dna damage in blue mussels (mytilus edulis) were analysed to assess how these bio-indicators reflected the level of chemical contamination at two sites in a highly contaminated harbour in denmark. the comet assay using mussel gill cells was an indicator of exposure to genotoxic chemicals, and the intersex index (isi) observed in snails was an indicator of exposure to butyltin (bt) compounds. biota and sediments were analysed for heavy metals (cd, cu, p ... | 2009 | 19181381 |
| comparative assessment of reproductive impairment in the gastropod mollusc littorina littorea along the belgian north sea coast. | in this study we present the results of an intersex survey of littorina littorea along the belgian coast. levels of female intersex and sterility were determined to assess tbt related adverse effects. in addition, we determined the levels of male penis shedding and trematode infestation and investigated the morphology of the shell. significant differences were found for all these variables which clearly differentiated periwinkles from zeebrugge (b2) from those at other locations. intersex index ... | 2009 | 19223064 |
| [nadph-diaphorase activity in digestive system of gastropod molluscs achatina fulica and littorina littorea]. | localization and peculiarities of no-ergic elements were studied for he first time throughout the entire length of digestive tract of the marine gastropod mollusc achatina fulica (prosobranchia) and the terrestrial molusc littorina littorea (pulmonata) by using histochemical method of detection of nadph-diaphorase (nadphd). no-ergic cells and fibers were revealed in all parts of the mollusc digestive tract beginning from pharynx. an intensive nadphd activity was found in many intraepithelial cel ... | 2009 | 19370997 |
| himasthla elongata: effect of infection on expression of the lustr-like receptor mrna in common periwinkle haemocytes. | the first mollusc mrna coding g-protein-coupled transmembrane receptor (gpcapital es, cyrillicr), homologous to human receptors lustr 1 (gpr107) and lustr 2 (gpr108), was isolated from haemocytes of common periwinkle littorina littorea. the analyses showed that the full-length cdna is 1935 bp long and is predicted to encode a 614 amino acid protein (named lit-lustr) with a calculated molecular mass of 69.6 kda and theoretical isoelectric point 7.59. pair-wise comparisons between lit-lustr and lu ... | 2009 | 19460375 |
| bioaccumulative characteristics of hexabromocyclododecanes in freshwater species from an electronic waste recycling area in china. | hexabromocyclododecanes (hbcds) are now emerging ubiquitous contaminants due to their wide usage, persistence and toxicities. to investigate the bioaccumulative characteristics of hbcds, sediments, winkle (littorina littorea), crucian carp (carassius carassius) and loach (misgurnus anguillicaudatus) were collected from two streams near an e-waste dismantling site in china, and hbcd exposure test was then conducted on chinese rare minnow. the concentration of hbcds was 14 ng g(-1) dry weight in s ... | 2009 | 19616822 |
| effect of metal accumulation on metallothionein level and condition of the periwinkle littorina littorea along the scheldt estuary (the netherlands). | metal (i.e. ag, as, ca, cd, co, cu, mn, pb and zn) and metallothionein (mt) concentrations in the soft tissue of littorina littorea were measured along the heavily polluted western scheldt (ws) and relatively clean eastern scheldt (es) estuary. along the ws metal and mt levels in periwinkles reflected the known downstream decreasing pollution gradient. surprisingly in es animals as, mn and zn concentrations decreased from east to west reflecting past pollution. compared to the ws metal concentra ... | 2010 | 19948373 |
| influence of diffuse and chronic metal pollution in water and sediments on edible seafoods within ondo oil-polluted coastal region, nigeria. | the bioconcentration levels of 3 non-essential elements (pb, cd and ni) have been investigated in three different seafoods; fish (tilapia zilli), crab (callinectes sapidus) and periwinkle (littorina littorea), to investigate the ecosystem health status in ondo oil-polluted coastal region, nigeria. the seafood samples were chosen based on their popularity as a food source and the potential of the species to contain high levels of metals based on past research results. metal concentrations in the ... | 2011 | 21714630 |
| consistency of trematode infection prevalence in host populations across large spatial and temporal scales. | parasites can impart heavy fitness costs on their hosts. thus, understanding the spatial and temporal consistency in parasite pressure can elucidate the likeliness of parasites' role as agents of directional selection, as well as revealing variable environmental factors associated with infection risk. we examined spatiotemporal variation in digenetic trematode infection in 18 populations of an intertidal host snail (littorina littorea) over a 300 km range at an 11-yr interval, more than double t ... | 2016 | 27859172 |
| parasites and personality in periwinkles (littorina littorea): infection status is associated with mean-level boldness but not repeatability. | we demonstrate the presence of animal personality in an inter-tidal gastropod, littorina littorea, both in a sample of individuals infected by the trematode cryptocotyle lingua and in an uninfected sample. on average infected individuals behaved more cautiously than individuals free of infection, but the parasite did not affect repeatability. although the parasite is not associated with greater diversity of behaviour amongst infected individuals, infection might be associated with state-dependen ... | 2015 | 25839751 |
| localization of the neuropeptide apgwamide in gastropod molluscs by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. | the amidated tetrapeptide ala-pro-gly-trp-nh2 (apgwamide) plays a key role in the control of male copulation behavior in the basommatophoran pulmonate freshwater snail lymnaea stagnalis. the morphological basis for a conserved role of apgwamide in the control of male reproduction in gastropod molluscs is presented. the prosobranch littorina littorea, the opisthobranch aplysia californica, the basommatophoran pulmonate bulinus truncatus, and the stylommatophoran pulmonates arion ater and limax ma ... | 1998 | 9473361 |
| immunohistochemical localization of hepatopancreatic phospholipase in gastropods mollusc, littorina littorea and buccinum undatum digestive cells. | among the digestive enzymes, phospholipase a2 (pla2) hydrolyzes the essential dietary phospholipids in marine fish and shellfish. however, we know little about the organs that produce pla2, and the ontogeny of the pla2-cells. accordingly, accurate localization of pla2 in marine snails might afford a better understanding permitting the control of the quality and composition of diets and the mode of digestion of lipid food. | 2011 | 22114916 |
| [about effect of habitat and motor activity of molluscs on fatty acid composition of triglycerides and phospholipids]. | a comparative analysis of fatty acids (fa) in neutral and phospholipids of digestive gland and pedal muscle has been performed in molluscs from various ecological groups differing by belonging to sea or fresh water, trophic types or the associated motor activity. in freshwater pulmonary gastropods lymnaea stagnalis and limnaea ovalis and marine prosobranchial molluscs buccinum undatum and littorina littorea the total content of omega3-acids in phospholipids of the studied tissues differed more t ... | 2009 | 19370988 |
| [lipids composition and speed of energy metabolism in gastropods]. | lipid composition of digestive gland and pedal muscle of two northern freshwater pulmonate snails lymnaea stagnalis and lymnaea ovata and three marine prosobranch gastropods littorina obtusata, littorina littorea, buccinum undatum from the white sea was studied. the species differ in ecology, particularly in trophic nabits and motor activity. the content of triacilglycerides both in digestive gland and pedal was higher in littoral dwellers littorina the activity of which depends on the tide leve ... | 2009 | 19140337 |
| structural organization of the nervous system of the mantle cavity wall and organs in prosobranch mollusks. | a variety of common histological stains was used, along with the golgi and colognier silver impregnation methods and electron microscopy, to perform a comparative study of the morphological characteristics of receptor and nerve cells and their interactions in the nervous system of the wall of the mantle cavity and mantle derivatives - gills, siphon, and osphradia - of the marine prosobranch gastropod mollusks buccinum undatum and littorina littorea. the results are discussed along with our own p ... | 2003 | 12762596 |
| quantitation and chromatographic characterisation of neuropeptide f(npf) immunoreactivity in molluscan nervous tissue using region-specific antisera. | neuropeptide f (npf) immunoreactivity has been quantified in extracts of the central nervous system from four gastropod (helix aspersa, buccinum undatum, littorina littorea, and patella vulgaris) and two bivalve (mytilus edulis and pecten maximum) molluscs using two region-specific radioimmunoassays. the first employed an antiserum, npf3, raised to a synthetic n-terminal fragment of h. aspersa npf and the second employed an antiserum, pp221, raised to the synthetic c-terminal hexapeptide amide o ... | 1994 | 8174933 |
| the importance of predation and competition in organizing the intertidal epifaunal communities of barnegat inlet, new jersey. | community organization was studied by experiment and observation from october 1972-october 1974 in the marine epifaunal assemblages at each end of barnegat inlet, new jersey. the rock jetty at the wave-exposed eastern end of the inlet possesses an intertidal community with the following attributes: (1) a high intertidal zone dominated by the barnacle, balanus balanoides, but also occupied by the blue mussel, mytilus edulis, in rock crevices, (2) a mid and low intertidal zone with usually <10% fr ... | 1979 | 28309374 |
| moving beyond linear food chains: trait-mediated indirect interactions in a rocky intertidal food web. | in simple, linear food chains, top predators can have positive indirect effects on basal resources by causing changes in the traits (e.g. behaviour, feeding rates) of intermediate consumers. although less is known about trait-mediated indirect interactions (tmiis) in more complex food webs, it has been suggested that such complexity dampens trophic cascades. we examined tmiis between a predatory crab (carcinus maenas) and two ecologically important basal resources, fucoid algae (ascophyllum nodo ... | 2017 | 28330919 |
| susceptibility to predation affects trait-mediated indirect interactions by reversing interspecific competition. | numerous studies indicate that the behavioral responses of prey to the presence of predators can have an important role in structuring assemblages through trait-mediated indirect interactions. few studies, however, have addressed how relative susceptibility to predation influences such interactions. here we examine the effect of chemical cues from the common shore crab carcinus maenas on the foraging behavior of two common intertidal gastropod molluscs. of the two model consumers studied, littor ... | 2011 | 21857993 |
| differential snail predation by an exotic crab and the geography of shell-claw covariance in the northwest atlantic. | here we investigate if predation by the european green crab (carcinus maenas) differs between two congeneric snails in the northwest atlantic (littorina littorea and l. obtusata), and ask if differential predation can help explain the geography of claw and shell forms among geographically separated populations. first, correlations between crusher-claw size and shell mass -- tested across a wide size range of animals -- were highly significant among populations of c. maenas and l. obtusata, where ... | 2008 | 18298647 |
| regulation of intertidal food webs by avian predators on new england rocky shores. | although there is a large body of research on food webs in rocky intertidal communities, most of the emphasis has been on the marine benthic components. effects of avian predation on highly mobile predators such as crabs, remains practically unstudied in rocky shore ecosystems. the crab, cancer borealis, is an important component of the diet of gulls (larus marinus, l. argentatus) at the isles of shoals, maine, usa. c. borealis prey include the predatory gastropod nucella lapillus l., the herbiv ... | 2007 | 17536702 |
| a multibiomarker approach to environmental assessment. | incorporation of ecologically relevant biomarkers into routine environmental management programs has been advocated as a pragmatic means of linking environmental degradation with its causes. here, suites of biomarkers, devised to measure molecular damage, developmental abnormality and physiological impairment, were combined with chemical analysis to determine exposure to and the effects of pollution at sites within southampton water (uk). test species included a filter feeder, a grazer, and an o ... | 2004 | 15074681 |
| learning and the role of cue reinforcement in the shell cracking behaviour of the shore crab: carcinus maenas (l). | the shell-cracking behaviour of carcinus maenas as it fed on littorina littorea has been described. of the various behavioural tactics employed, sawing, drilling/prizing, cutting/crushing and poking were found to be most frequently used. the establishment of a puncture or crack on the winkle shell while harvesting the prey served as an additional cue landing to (1) higher shell-cracking activity per unit time and (2) more frequent and directional inter change or behavioural tactics. analyses of ... | 1989 | 24897673 |
| accumulation of sellafield-derived radiocarbon ((14)c) in irish sea and west of scotland intertidal shells and sediments. | the nuclear energy industry produces radioactive waste at various stages of the fuel cycle. in the united kingdom, spent fuel is reprocessed at the sellafield facility in cumbria on the north west coast of england. waste generated at the site comprises a wide range of radionuclides including radiocarbon ((14)c) which is disposed of in various forms including highly soluble inorganic carbon within the low level liquid radioactive effluent, via pipelines into the irish sea. this (14)c is rapidly i ... | 2016 | 26555367 |
| bioaccumulation surveillance in milford haven waterway. | biomonitoring of contaminants (metals, organotins, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), pcbs) was undertaken in milford haven waterway (mhw) and a reference site in the tywi estuary (st ishmael/ferryside) during 2007-2008. bioindicator species encompassed various uptake routes-fucus vesiculosus (dissolved contaminants); littorina littorea (grazer); mytilus edulis and cerastoderma edule (suspension feeders); and hediste (=nereis) diversicolor (sediments). differences in feeding and habitat preferenc ... | 2012 | 21432028 |
| distance decay of similarity among parasite communities of three marine invertebrate hosts. | the similarity in species composition between two communities generally decays as a function of increasing distance between them. parasite communities in vertebrate definitive hosts follow this pattern but the respective relationship in intermediate invertebrate hosts of parasites with complex life cycles is unknown. in intermediate hosts, parasite communities are affected not only by the varying vagility of their definitive hosts (dispersing infective propagules) but also by the necessary coinc ... | 2009 | 19189130 |
| differential toxic effects of ulva lactuca (chlorophyta) on the herbivorous gastropods, littorina littorea and l. obtusata (mollusca). | members of the genus ulva are widespread and abundant in intertidal and shallow subtidal areas but there are conflicting data regarding susceptibility to herbivory. while some studies have documented that ulva spp. were favored by a diversity of marine herbivores, other work has revealed herbivore deterrence. we investigated grazing and growth rates of the littorinid species, littorina littorea and l. obtusata, when offered fucus vesiculosus, ascophyllum nodosum, ulva lactuca, and chondrus crisp ... | 2016 | 28028804 |
| uptake and depuration of 131i by the edible periwinkle littorina littorea: uptake from labelled seaweed (chondrus crispus). | uptake and depuration experiments of (131)i from labelled seaweed (chondrus crispus) by the edible periwinkle littorina littorea have been performed. radioiodine concentrations in winkles during uptake followed first-order kinetics with an uptake half-time of 1 day, and a calculated equilibrium concentration (c(infinity)) of 21 000 bq kg(-1) resulting in a transfer factor of 0.07 with respect to the labelled seaweed used as food. for depuration, a biphasic sequence with biological half-lives of ... | 2005 | 15725502 |
| experimental evaluation of seaweeds as a vector for microplastics into marine food webs. | the ingestion of microplastics has been shown for a great variety of marine organisms. however, benthic marine mesoherbivores such as the common periwinkle littorina littorea have been largely disregarded in studies about the effects of microplastics on the marine biota, probably because the pathway for microplastics to this functional group of organisms was not obvious. in laboratory experiments we showed that the seaweed fucus vesiculosus retains suspended microplastics on its surface. the num ... | 2016 | 26654910 |
| community context mediates the top-down vs. bottom-up effects of grazers on rocky shores. | interactions between grazers and autotrophs are complex, including both top-down consumptive and bottom-up facilitative effects of grazers. thus, in addition to consuming autotrophs, herbivores can also enhance autotroph biomass by recycling limiting nutrients, thereby increasing nutrient availability. here, we evaluated these consumptive and facilitative interactions between snails (littorina littorea) and seaweeds (fucus vesiculosus and ulva lactuca) on a rocky shore. we partitioned herbivores ... | 2014 | 25039210 |
| selenium in sediments and biota from estuaries of southwest england. | selenium concentrations have been measured in sediment, fucoid macroalgae and macroinvertebrates from four estuaries of sw england (yealm, plym, looe, fal). sediment concentrations ranged from about 0.4 μg g(-1) in the yealm to 1.49 μg g(-1) at one site in the plym. concentrations in fucus vesiculosus (0.05-0.31 μg g(-1)) and f. ceranoides (0.05-0.51 μg g(-1)) were significantly lower than corresponding concentrations in sediment but there was no correlation between algal and sediment concentrat ... | 2013 | 23773950 |
| asymmetric competition via induced resistance: specialist herbivores indirectly suppress generalist preference and populations. | species may compete indirectly by altering the traits of a shared resource. for example, herbivore-induced responses in plants may make plants more resistant or susceptible to additional herbivorous insect species. herbivore-induced plant responses can significantly affect interspecific competition and herbivore population dynamics. these herbivore-herbivore indirect interactions have been overlooked in aquatic ecosystems where previous studies used the same herbivore species to induce changes a ... | 2007 | 17536409 |
| polyphenols in brown algaefucus vesiculosus andascophyllum nodosum: chemical defenses against the marine herbivorous snail,littorina littorea. | polyphenols from two brown algae,fucus vesiculosus (l.) andascophyllum nodosum (l.) le jolis, inhibited feeding by the herbivorous snail,littorina littorea. the active compounds were characterized as phloroglucinol polymers with a wide molecular weight range (mol wt <30,000 to >300,000) by spectroscopic, ultrafiltration, thin-layer chromatographic, and chemical degradation data. as little as 1% (dry wt) polyphenol in food reduced feeding by more than 50%, and polyphenolic extracts inhibited feed ... | 1981 | 24420835 |
| central european parasitic flatworms of the family renicolidae dollfus, 1939 (trematoda: plagiorchiida): molecular and comparative morphological analysis rejects the synonymization of renicola pinguis complex suggested by odening. | the renicolidae are digenean parasites of piscivorous and molluscivorous birds. although they exhibit few morphological autapomorphies and are highly variable, the numerous suggested re-classifications within the family have never been supported by any molecular analyses. we address the possible synonymization of species within the renicola pinguis complex suggested previously by odening. we provide and analyse sequences of two nuclear (its2, 28s rdna) and two mitochondrial (co1, nd1) dna loci o ... | 2016 | 27356772 |
| [osphradial chemosensory organ as a probable trigger of the cardiac system adaptive reaction to the effect of heavy metals in aquatic mollusks]. | the responses of osphradium in the fresh-water mollusk viviparus sp. and single osphradial neurons in the pond snail lymnaea stagnalis to l-glutamine and l-asparagine as well as the changes in these responses under the effect of heavy metals (cu, cd) were recorded electrophysiologically. the functional connections of osphradium with the identified neurons of the central pattern generator of respiratory movements and cardiac activity as well as the modification of these connections under the effe ... | 2015 | 25859605 |
| spatial vision in the prosobranch gastropod ampularia sp | the eyes of gastropods of the genus ampularia superficially resemble the well-developed camera-type eyes of littorina littorea and strombus raninus. the eyes are of the closed-vesicle type, having a cornea and a lens that is separated from the retina by a narrow vitreous body. light and electron microscopy were used to generate an accurate geometrical model of the ampularia sp. eye, which was then used to predict its optical performance. the image quality of the lens was investigated using a mod ... | 1998 | 9556547 |
| genetic structure and diversity of animal populations exposed to metal pollution. | studying the genetic diversity of wild populations that are affected by pollution provides a basis for estimating the risks of environmental contamination to both wildlife, and indirectly to humans. such research strives to produce both a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which genetic diversity is affected,and the long-term effects of the pollutants involved.in this review, we summarize key aspects of the field of genetic ecotoxicology that encompasses using genetic patterns ... | 2014 | 24158580 |