| the influence of water-logging stage upon the paddy soil mycoflora in the ukraine. | the soil fungal flora of paddy soils from the southern districts of the ukraine was investigated. from 287 soil samples 170 species were isolated. they belonged to the following genera: oomycetes 1.2%, zygomycetes 8.8%, ascomycetes 5.8%, deuteromycetes 84.2%. certain fungi were found to be dominant forms, among them mortierella alpina peyron., penicillium funiculosum thom, p. rugulosum thom, p. chrysogenum thom, acremonium strictum w. gams, acr. breve w. gams, alternaria alternata (fr.) riessler ... | 1978 | 726714 |
| distributional patterns of mesophilous and thermophilous microfungi in two bahamian soils. | this study focuses on the characteristics displayed by mesophilous and thermophilous microfungal populations occurring in two tropical monodominant plant communities, a cocos nucifera grove and a casuarina equisetifolia forest, that provide distinctly different edaphic conditions. the mesophilous population sampled at 25 degrees c by the dilution plate method and the thermophilous population that developed on soil plates incubated at 45 degrees c consisted of 1693 isolates representing 60 specie ... | 1975 | 1214847 |
| monoclonal antibodies to gliocladium roseum, a potential biological control fungus of sap-staining fungi in wood. | immunological probes were developed to discriminate between a potential biological control fungus and sap-staining fungi present in wood. this paper describes the production of monoclonal antibodies to isolated cell wall fragments of the biological control fungus gliocladium roseum. two monoclonals, designated 6a5 and 3f12, were characterized. their specificity was assessed by elisa, by immunogold silver staining light microscopy, by immunogold electron microscopy, and by immunoblotting. monoclo ... | 1992 | 1479354 |
| microbial cleavage of zearalenone. | 1. zearalenone, a fungal oestrogenic compound, was subjected to microbial transformation studies. preliminary screening with 150 fungal species showed that gliocladium roseum was capable of metabolizing zearalenone in 80-90% yields. 2. large-scale fermentation with g. roseum produced a 1:1 mixture of 1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10'-hydroxy-1-undecen-6'-one and 1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-6'-hydroxy-1-undecen-10'-one. the compounds were isolated and purified at -20 degrees c, and identified using spectro ... | 1988 | 2969647 |
| a perfusion technique for the detection of fungal interreaction. 1. effect of gliocladium roseum on six cellulolytic fungi. | | 1970 | 5531234 |
| incorporation of 5-methylorcylaldehyde and methionine into the acetogenin (polyketide) gliorosein in gliocladium roseum i.m.i. 93065. | 1. methyl-(14)c-labelled 1,3-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethylbenzene, 5-methylorcylaldehyde and 5-methylorsellinic acid were synthesized from orcinol and sodium [(14)c]cyanide and tested for activity as precursors of gliorosein. ring-(14)c-labelled orcylaldehyde was also prepared. 5[(14)c]-methylorcylaldehyde was incorporated into gliorosein (36% conversion); all the radioactivity was located in the c-methyl groups. 5-methylorsellinic acid was decarboxylated by gliocladium roseum and the resulting phenol ... | 1968 | 5691382 |
| studies on the biosynthesis of phenols in fungi. biosynthesis of 3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyltoluquinol and gliorosein in gliocladium roseum i.m.i. 93 065. | 1. gliorosein was obtained in excellent yield (150mg./200ml. of raulin-thom medium) from surface cultures of gliocladium roseum. its nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectrum showed conclusively that it is 1,6-dihydro-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyltoluquinone. 2. sodium [2-(14)c]acetate was incorporated into gliorosein and the related products (3.3% conversion). the specific activities of these substances increased in the order gliorosein, 3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyltoluquinol, the related quinhydrone and quinone, ... | 1967 | 6067663 |
| selective effects of two systemic fungicides on soil fungi. | bas 317 00f was not toxic to the total count of fungi after 2 days but was regularly significantly toxic at the three doses after 5, 20 and 40 days and toxic at the low and the high doses after 80 days. in the agar medium, it was toxic to the counts of total fungi. aspergillus, a. terreus, rhizopus oryzae and mucor racemosus at the high dose. only the mycelial growth of trichoderma viride which was significantly inhibited by the three doses when this fungicide was added to the liquid medium. pol ... | 1982 | 6290890 |
| production of free amino acids by some earthworm-borne microorganisms. | production of free amino acids by some earthworm-borne microorganisms was investigated in three different synthetic media. among the fungi tried gliocladium roseum and heterocephallum aurantiacum; among bacteria screened bacillus macerans and b. mycoides; and among actinomycetes tested streptomyces rimosus, s. violans, s. antibiticus, s. corchorusii and s. atroolivaceus produced significant amount of free amino acids. no correlations could be observed between vegetative growth and free amino aci ... | 1995 | 8972137 |
| glisoprenins c, d and e, new inhibitors of appressorium formation in magnaporthe grisea, from cultures of gliocladium roseum. 1. production and biological activities. | glisoprenins c, d, and e, new glisoprenin derivatives, were isolated together with glisoprenin a from submerged cultures of the deuteromycete gliocladium roseum ha190-95. all glisoprenins inhibited appressorium formation in magnaporthe grisea on inductive (hydrophobic) surfaces. the compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxic, but no antifungal, antibacterial or phytotoxic activities. | 1998 | 9544931 |
| glisoprenins c, d and e, new inhibitors of appressorium formation in magnaporthe grisea, from cultures of gliocladium roseum. 2. structure determination. | | 1998 | 9544946 |
| roselipins, inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, produced by gliocladium roseum kf-1040. | gliocladium roseum kf-1040, a marine isolate, was found to produce a series of new inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat). four active compounds, designated roselipins 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, ods column chromatography and preparative hplc. the highest production of roselipins was observed when cultured in the medium containing natural sea water. roselipins inhibit dgat activity with ic50 values of 15 ... | 1999 | 10580381 |
| structure elucidation of roselipins, inhibitors of diacylglycerol acyltransferase produced by gliocladium roseum kf-1040. | the structures of roselipins 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b were elucidated by spectroscopic studies including 1h-1h cosy, 13c-1h cosy, 13c-1h hmqc and 13c-1h hmbc nmr experiments, and degradation experiments. they have the common skeleton of 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18-nonamethyl-5,9,13-trihydroxy-2e,6e, 10e-icosenoic acid modified with a d-mannose and a d-arabinitol. roselipin a and b groups were stereoisomers at the arabinitol moiety, which esterified the fatty acid from the different terminal hydroxy residue. ... | 1999 | 10726930 |
| identification of a universally primed-pcr-derived sequence-characterized amplified region marker for an antagonistic strain of clonostachys rosea and development of a strain-specific pcr detection assay. | we developed a pcr detection method that selectively recognizes a single biological control agent and demonstrated that universally primed pcr (up-pcr) can identify strain-specific markers. antagonistic strains of clonostachys rosea (syn. gliocladium roseum) were screened by up-pcr, and a strain-specific marker was identified for strain gr5. no significant sequence homology was found between this marker and any other sequences in the databases. southern blot analysis of the pcr product revealed ... | 2000 | 11055920 |
| negative fungal chemotropism to toxic metals. | hyphal growth responses of geotrichum candidum, gliocladium roseum, humicola grisea and trichoderma viride to cu and cd were studied using a simple tessellated agar tile system. negative chemotropic behaviour of hyphae, which included curling and growth away from metal-containing domains, occurred in all species and with both metals. both toxic metal and sucrose concentrations in the medium modulated the magnitude of the negative chemotropic effects observed. in general, greater concentrations o ... | 2000 | 11111025 |
| scale-up studies on a defined medium process for pilot plant production of illicicolin by gliocladium roseum. | illicicolin was cultivated at the 600-l pilot scale for purposes of material generation and process development. the initial medium containing oat flour was difficult operationally as a result of excessive foaming during sterilization, so a new defined medium process (with either glucose or sucrose as the carbon source), developed at the 23-l scale, was scaled up and improved for pilot scale needs. pilot scale media development efforts focused on exploring the highest concentration of media (1.0 ... | 2001 | 11312705 |
| biotransformation of 4beta-hydroxyeudesmane-1,6-dione by gliocladium roseum and exserohilum halodes. | biotransformation of sesquiterpene 4beta-hydroxyeudesmane-1,6-dione by the filamentous fungi gliocladium roseum and exserohilum halodes was achieved. with exserohilum halodes, only one metabolite was obtained, as a result of the regio- and stereoselective reduction of the keto group at c-1, which is difficult to achieve by chemical means. five metabolites were produced with gliocladium roseum, three of which, the 7alpha-hydroxylated, the 7alpha,11- and the 1alpha,8alpha-dihydroxylated derivative ... | 2001 | 11684186 |
| comparative degradation of oomycete, ascomycete, and basidiomycete cell walls by mycoparasitic and biocontrol fungi. | fourteen fungi (primarily representing mycoparasitic and biocontrol fungi) were tested for their ability to grow on and degrade cell walls (cws) of an oomycete (pythium ultimum), ascomycete (fusarium equisetii), and basidiomycete (rhizoctonia solani), and their hydrolytic enzymes were characterized. protein was detected in the cultural medium of eleven of the test isolates, and these fungi significantly degraded cws over the 14-day duration of the experiment. in general, a greater level of cw de ... | 2002 | 11888164 |
| a novel lactonohydrolase responsible for the detoxification of zearalenone: enzyme purification and gene cloning. | zearalenone (zen) is converted into a far less oestrogenic product by incubation with clonostachys rosea ifo 7063. an alkaline hydrolase responsible for the detoxification was purified to homogeneity from the fungus by a combination of salt precipitation and column chromatography methods. the purified enzyme was homodimeric with a subunit molecular mass of 30 kda and contained an intra-subunit disulphide bridge. on the basis of the internal peptide sequences of the purified protein, we cloned th ... | 2002 | 11978180 |
| production of a monoclonal antibody specific to the genus trichoderma and closely related fungi, and its use to detect trichoderma spp. in naturally infested composts. | studies of the interactions between hyperparasitic fungi and their hosts are severely hampered by the absence of methods that allow the unambiguous identification of individual genera in complex environments that contain mixed populations of fungi, such as soil or compost. this study details the development of a monoclonal antibody (mf2) that allows the detection and recovery of trichoderma spp. in naturally infested composts, and the visualization of hyperparasitic strains of trichoderma during ... | 2002 | 11988501 |
| diversity in soil fungi from undisturbed and disturbed celtis tala and scutia buxifolia forests in the eastern buenos aires province (argentina). | the rhizospheric soil microfungi from a native forest (undisturbed and disturbed) were studied using soil dilution plate and soil washing methods. fungi were isolated using slightly acid and alkaline culture media. 54 taxa were isolated: 49 from undisturbed forest soil and 37 from disturbed forest soil. acremonium sp., aspergillus ustus, coemansia pectinata, doratomyces stemonitis, fusarium solani, f. oxysporum, gliocladium roseum, humicola fusco-atra, mortierella sp., penicillium lilacinum, tri ... | 2002 | 12002400 |
| chemical-microbiological synthesis of cryptomeridiol derivatives by gliocladium roseum: semisynthesis of 11-hydroxyeudesmanolides. | biotransformations of 4alpha- and 4beta-hydroxyeudesmane derivatives by the filamentous fungus gliocladium roseum were achieved. hydroxylation at c-11 was the main action of this microorganism, producing new cryptomeridiol (12 and 14) and 4-epi-cryptomeridiol derivatives (6 and 7), respectively, in good yields. the biotransformation activity of g. roseum toward 4beta-hydroxyeudesmane was focused on the isopropyl moiety, but more scattered on the 4alpha-hydroxylated derivative, acting in both the ... | 2002 | 12141862 |
| [allelopathic effect of root exudates on pathogenic fungi of root rot in continuous cropping soybean]. | allelopathic effect of root exudates on pathogenic fungi of root rot in continuous cropping soybean was studied by sand culture, water culture, and indoor culture experiments. the results showed that allelopathic promotion of root exudates on the growth of fusarium semitectum, gliocladium roseum and fusarium oxysporum, especially fusarium semitectum reached significant level or especially significant level in continuous cropping soybean compared with the control. allelopathic promotion of root e ... | 2002 | 12216402 |
| biotransformation of the mycotoxin, zearalenone, to a non-estrogenic compound by a fungal strain of clonostachys sp. | zearalenones are mycotoxins with estrogenic activity consisting of a resorcinol moiety fused to a 14-membered macrocyclic lactone and are produced by various fusarium species. we found that clonostachys rosea ifo 7063 was effectively capable of converting zearalenone (1) to cleavage product (2), 1-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10'-hydroxy-1'e-undecene-6'-one. moreover, cleavage product 2 did not show potent estrogenic activity like that of 1 and 17beta-estradiol in the human breast cancer mcf-7 cell pro ... | 2002 | 12596876 |
| fungi are the predominant micro-organisms responsible for degradation of soil-buried polyester polyurethane over a range of soil water holding capacities. | to investigate the relationship between soil water holding capacity (whc) and biodegradation of polyester polyurethane (pu) and to quantify and identify the predominant degrading micro-organisms in the biofilms on plastic buried in soil. | 2003 | 12807456 |
| efficacy of microorganisms antagonistic to rhizoctonia cerealis and their cell wall degrading enzymatic activities. | the effect of trichoderma atroviride, t. harzianum, t. longibrachiatum, clonostachys rosea and bacillus subtilis isolates applied to wheat seeds against rhizoctonia cerealis disease of seedlings was investigated under controlled greenhouse conditions. most trichoderma isolates significantly reduced the incidence of disease compared with the infected control. bacillus subtilis was also effective against sharp eyespot, although less active than trichoderma spp. interactions between the antagonisti ... | 2003 | 12825514 |
| population dynamics of epiphytic mycoparasites of the genera clonostachys and fusarium for the biocontrol of black pod (phytophthora palmivora) and moniliasis (moniliophthora roreri) on cocoa (theobroma cacao). | mycoparasites collected from aerial parts of the cocoa plant (theobroma cacao) have shown great promise in the control of black pod, caused by phytophthora palmivora, and moniliasis, caused by moniliophthora roreri. however, the ecology of epiphytic mycoparasites is still poorly understood although it has a direct bearing on applied biocontrol practices, ranging from the identification and isolation of promising biocontrol candidates to formulation needs and required application frequency. one o ... | 2003 | 12884956 |
| nutritional influence on the ability of fungal mycelia to penetrate toxic metal-containing domains. | metal-contaminated soils often contain a spatially heterogeneous distribution of metal concentrations, and the ability of fungi to colonize such metal-contaminated domains will be influenced by the nutritional resources available. an experimental system based upon tessellated agar tiles was used to study the influence of nutrients upon the ability of soil fungi trichoderma virens and clonostachys rosea to colonize spatially discrete toxic metal (copper and cadmium) containing domains. the growth ... | 2003 | 12967214 |
| new phenolic metabolites from gliocladium roseum. | | 1965 | 14298279 |
| biosynthesis of gliorosein in gliocladium roseum i.m.i. 93065. | | 1965 | 14342488 |
| biotransformation of ent-13-epi-manoyl oxides difunctionalized at c-3 and c-12 by filamentous fungi. | biotransformation of ent-3beta,12alpha-dihydroxy-13-epi-manoyl oxide with fusarium moniliforme gave the regioselective oxidation of the hydroxyl group at c-3 and the ent-7beta-hydroxylation. the action of gliocladium roseum in the 3,12-diketoderivative originated monohydroxylations at c-1 and c-7, both by the ent-beta face, while rhizopus nigricans produced hydroxylation at c-7 or c-18, epoxidation of the double bond, reduction of the keto group at c-3, and combined actions as biohydroxylation a ... | 2004 | 14697276 |
| metabolism of zearalenone by genetically modified organisms expressing the detoxification gene from clonostachys rosea. | zearalenone (zen) is converted to a nontoxic product by a lactonohydololase encoded by zhd101. an enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) gene was fused to zhd101 (i.e., egfp::zhd101) and expressed in escherichia coli. both recombinant zhd101 and egfp::zhd101 were purified to homogeneity and characterized. maximal activity of zhd101 toward zen was measured at approximately 37 to 45 degrees c and ph 10.5 (k(cat) at 30 degrees c, 0.51 s(-1)). the enzyme was irreversibly inactivated at ph values ... | 2004 | 15184117 |
| efficient decontamination of zearalenone, the mycotoxin of cereal pathogen, by transgenic yeasts through the expression of a synthetic lactonohydrolase gene. | zearalenone (zen), an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several fusarium species, is converted to a non-estrogenic product by a detoxifying enzyme of clonostachys rosea. previously, we investigated whether recombinant saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying this detoxification gene, zhd101, can remove 2 microg ml(-1) of zen in a liquid culture. although the transgenic yeasts eliminated most of the zen, they also converted a significant amount to a poor substrate, beta-zearalenol, which remained in the ... | 2005 | 15630583 |
| [allelopathy of root exudates from two genotypes soybeans on root pathogenic fungi]. | with biological simulation experiment and chemical analysis, this paper studied the allelopathy of carbohydrates, amino acids and organic acids in the root exudates from two genotypes soybeans (9536 and jilin 30) on the pathogenic fungi of root rot. the results showed that the water soluble carbohydrates in the root exudates from test soybeans significantly promoted the growth of fusarium oxysporium and fusarium semitectum at low concentrations and inhibited their growth at high concentrations, ... | 2005 | 15852974 |
| microfungi in cultivated fields in eskişehir provience (turkey). | the soil microfungi flora was investigated in four locations of eskişehir (turkey). 56 soil samples were seasonaly collected from 14 stations in the areas of karacahöyük, bahçecik, ogu i, and ogu ii. a total of 110 species belonging to 32 genera were encountered including absidia, acremonium, alternaria, aspergillus, beauveria, botryoderma, chaetomium, chrysosporium, cladosporium, eupenicillium, eurotium, fusarium, geotrichum, gliocladium, gonytrichum, metarrhizium, mucor, myrothecium, paecilomy ... | 2005 | 16028200 |
| a model transgenic cereal plant with detoxification activity for the estrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone. | zearalenone (zen) is an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by the necrotrophic cereal pathogen fusarium graminearum. this mycotoxin is detoxified by zhd101, a lactonohydrolase from clonostachys rosea, or egfp:zhd101, its fusion to the c-terminus of an enhanced green fluorescence protein. we previously showed that egfp:zhd101 is efficiently expressed in t(0) leaves of rice. in this study, we assessed the feasibility of in planta detoxification of the mycotoxin using progeny. when protein extract from ... | 2005 | 16245162 |
| nematicidal epipolysulfanyldioxopiperazines from gliocladium roseum. | five new verticillin-type epipolysulfanyldioxopiperazines, gliocladine a (1), b (2), c (3), d (4), and e (5), were isolated from wheat solid-substrate fermentation of gliocladium roseum 1a, along with four known compounds, verticillin a (6), 11'-deoxyverticillin a (7), sch52900 (8), and sch52901 (9). their structures were elucidated by extensive 1d and 2d nmr studies, ms, and chemical transformations. in vitro immersion tests showed that all nine compounds exhibited antinematodal activity agains ... | 2005 | 16252916 |
| first record of clonostachys rosea (ascomycota: hypocreales) as an entomopathogenic fungus of oncometopia tucumana and sonesimia grossa (hemiptera: cicadellidae) in argentina. | clonostachys rosea (link: fries) schroers, samuels, seifert, and gams (ascomycota: hypocreales) has been reported as a mycoparasite of fungi and nematodes and as saprobe in soils, but this fungus has not been reported previously to be entomopathogenic. many species of cicadellid leafhoppers cause economic damage to crops as vectors of plant pathogens. in the present work, we report the first record of c. rosea as an entomopathogenic fungus of two leafhoppers pest, oncometopia tucumana and sonesi ... | 2006 | 16580016 |
| fluorescence spectroscopy: a tool to characterize humic substances in soil colonized by microorganisms? | the ability of eight soil microfungal species, alternaria alternata, clonostachys rosea f. rosea, exophiala cf. salmonis, fusarium cf. coeruleum, fusarium redolens, paecilomyces lilacinus, penicillium canescens and phoma sp., and two known basidiomycete humic acid (ha) degraders, trametes versicolor and phanerochaete chrysosporium, to modify fluorescence properties of fulvic acids (fa) and/or has was determined. effects of minerals and/or glucose on the modifications were examined. fa purified o ... | 2006 | 17004653 |
| role of zearalenone lactonase in protection of gliocladium roseum from fungitoxic effects of the mycotoxin zearalenone. | zearalenone is a mycotoxin with estrogenic effects on mammals that is produced by several species of fusarium. we found that zearalenone and its derivatives inhibit the growth of filamentous fungi on solid media at concentrations of < or =10 microg/ml. the fungitoxic effect declined in the order zearalenone > alpha-zearalenol > beta-zearalenol. the mycoparasitic fungus gliocladium roseum produces a zearalenone-specific lactonase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of zearalenone, followed by a sponta ... | 2007 | 17114328 |
| hydroxylation of the triterpenoid nigranoic acid by the fungus gliocladium roseum ymf1.00133. | the ability of the fungus gliocladium roseum ymf1.00133 to transform the bioactive nigranoic acid (=(24z)-9,19-cyclo-3,4-secolanosta-4(28),24-diene-3,26-dioic acid) was investigated. three new products from the co-cultures of nigranoic acid and g. roseum ymf1.00133 were obtained by employing a combination of sephadex lh-20 and silica-gel column chromatography. the major metabolite was identified as 15beta-hydroxynigranoic acid, and the minor metabolites as 6alpha,15beta-dihydroxynigranoic acid a ... | 2007 | 17311223 |
| [mycoparasites effect on reproductive ability of sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia.]. | the ability to parasitise sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the effect on apothecia production was evaluated for the following antagonists: trichoderma harzianum; trichoderma koningii; gliocladium roseum and chaetomium globosum. plastic trays were filled with of steam-sterilized soil. each one of them was infested with sclerotia of s. sclerotiorum and the culture of the antagonists. the trays were kept in a greenhouse and after 30, 60 and 90 days, evaluations were made. the rates of carpogenic germin ... | 1998 | 17655415 |
| fungitoxicity of lyophilized and spray-dried garlic extracts. | among the compounds discussed for anti-microbial and anti-fungal use allicin (allylthiosulfinate, diallyl disulfide-s-monoxide), an active ingredient of garlic, has attracted considerable attention. the objective of this study is to determine the antifungal activity of a local garlic ecotype (voghiera) extracts against different pathogens. primary screening was carried out by the agar plates technique using ethanol garlic extract at four final concentrations against the following organisms: alte ... | 2007 | 17763036 |
| cloning and expression analysis of a chitinase gene crchi1 from the mycoparasitic fungus clonostachys rosea (syn. gliocladium roseum). | clonostachys rosea (syn. gliocladium roseum) is a well-known biocontrol agent and widely distributed around the world. in this study, an endochitinase gene crchi1 was isolated from the mycoparasitic fungus c. rosea using the dna walking strategy. the crchi1 orf is 1,746 bp long and interrupted by three introns. the cloned gene crchi1 encodes 426 amino acid residues and shares a high degree of similarity with other chitinases from entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi. several putative binding ... | 2007 | 17978802 |
| brazilian isolates of clonostachys rosea: colonization under different temperature and moisture conditions and temporal dynamics on strawberry leaves. | in a research programme for managing diseases caused by botryis cinerea, four isolates of the antagonistic fungus clonostachys rosea (cr) were obtained from different ecosystems in brazil. we studied ecological requirements for the colonization of strawberry leaves by these isolates. | 2008 | 18179592 |
| investigation on the infection mechanism of the fungus clonostachys rosea against nematodes using the green fluorescent protein. | the fungus clonostachys rosea (syn. gliocladium roseum) is a potential biocontrol agent. it can suppress the sporulation of the plant pathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea and kill pathogenic nematodes, but the process of nematode pathogenesis is poorly understood. to help understand the underlying mechanism, we constructed recombinant strains containing a plasmid with both the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene egfp and the hygromycin resistance gene hph. expression of the green fluorescent p ... | 2008 | 18292995 |
| remarkable microfungi from oaxaca (mexico) of acacia species. | in the state of oaxaca (mexico, 10 km north-west of puerto escondido 15 degrees 55' n, 97 degrees 09' w) we were able to collect some microfungi living as parasites or saprophytes on acacia species, some of them are causing attention for oaxaca. many belong to the deuteromycotina (hyphomycetes, coelomycetes) and ascomycotina. on a. hindsii: calonectria pseudopeziza (desm.) sacc., hypoxylon truncatum (schwein. fr.) j.h. miller, epicoccum nigrum link., zygosporium gibbum (sacc., m. roussau & e. bo ... | 2007 | 18396821 |
| [effect of inoculation time on the survival of spores of gliocladium roseum on geranium leaves.]. | gliocladium roseumis a successful antagonist of botrytis cinerea and is considered to have the major potential for biocontrol of the pathogen in cropping systems. in order to elucidate the optimal moment of the day to apply the biological control agent, geranium plants were inoculated until run off with a suspension containing 10 e7 conidia of g. roseum + tritón 100x. the inoculation times were 9 am, 12 am, 3 pm and 6 pm. the number cfu per cm(2) of leaves at inoculation time (time 0) and at 3, ... | 1999 | 18473563 |
| real-time rt-pcr expression analysis of chitinase and endoglucanase genes in the three-way interaction between the biocontrol strain clonostachys rosea ik726, botrytis cinerea and strawberry. | clonostachys rosea is a well-known biocontrol agent against botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold in strawberry. the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes might play a significant role for successful biocontrol by c. rosea. the expression pattern of four chitinases, and two endoglucanase genes from c. rosea strain ik726 was analyzed using real-time rt-pcr in vitro and in strawberry leaves during interaction with b. cinerea. specific primers were designed for beta-tubulin genes from c ... | 2008 | 18557783 |
| development of a novel pcr assay for the identification of the black yeast, exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). | cystic fibrosis (cf) patients may suffer increased morbidity and mortality through colonisation, allergy and invasive infection from fungi. the black yeast, exophiala dermatitidis (synonym wangiella dermatitidis) has been found with increasing frequency in sputum specimens of cf patients, with reported isolation rates ranging from 1.1 to 15.7%. at present, no diagnostic pcr exists to aid with the clinical laboratory detection and identification of this organism. a novel species-specific pcr-base ... | 2008 | 18571996 |
| three endochitinase-encoding genes identified in the biocontrol fungus clonostachys rosea are differentially expressed. | three endochitinase-encoding genes, cr-ech58, cr-ech42 and cr-ech37 were identified and characterised from the mycoparasitic c. rosea strain ik726. the endochitinase activity was specifically induced in media containing chitin or fusarium culmorum cell walls as sole carbon sources. rt-pcr analysis showed that the three genes were differentially expressed. the expression of the cr-ech42 and cr-ech37 genes was triggered by f. culmorum cell walls and chitin whereas glucose repressed their expressio ... | 2008 | 18574585 |
| fungistatic activity of iron-free bovin lactoferrin against several fungal plant pathogens and antagonists. | lactoferrin (lf) is a member of the transferrin family of iron-binding glycoproteins. it is also a multifunctional protein of 80 kda that is synthesized by glandular epithelial cells and secreted into mucosal fluid. high levels of lf are present in colostrom and milk and low levels in tears, saliva, and gastrointestinal and reproductive secretions. data regarding the antifungal effects of lf are limited. studies have been performed on candida albicans, which demonstrated that lf inhibits the gro ... | 2008 | 18629710 |
| an n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase gene, cr-nag1, from the biocontrol agent clonostachys rosea is up-regulated in antagonistic interactions with fusarium culmorum. | clonostachys rosea is a widely distributed fungus that often acts as a parasite on other soil fungi. this fungus has also been reported as a potential parasite against nematodes and insects. the antagonistic activity is thought to be correlated with the secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes, including chitinases. in this work, we identified and characterized an n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase-encoding gene, cr-nag1, belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 20, from the c. rosea strain ik726 usi ... | 2009 | 18675351 |
| biopriming of infected carrot seed with an antagonist, clonostachys rosea, selected for control of seedborne alternaria spp. | abstract an ecological approach was used to select fungal antagonists effective against the seedborne pathogens alternaria dauci and a. radicina on carrot. twenty-five and 105 isolates originating from cereal and carrot habitats were screened against the pathogens in planta, respectively. irrespective of isolate origin, fungal isolates belonging to clonostachys rosea controlled pre- and postemergence death caused by a. dauci and a. radicina as effectively as the fungicide iprodione. isolate ik72 ... | 2004 | 18943479 |
| biological control of pathogens causing root rot complex in field pea using clonostachys rosea strain acm941. | abstract pea root rot complex (prrc), caused by alternaria alternata, aphanomyces euteiches, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi, f. solani f. sp. pisi, mycosphaerella pinodes, pythium spp., rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a major yield-limiting factor for field pea production in canada. a strain of clonostachys rosea (syn. gliocladium roseum), acm941 (atcc 74447), was identified as a mycoparasite against these pathogens. when grown near the pathogen, acm941 often was stimulated ... | 2003 | 18944343 |
| the mycoparasite ampelomyces quisqualis expresses exga encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase in culture and during mycoparasitism. | abstract ampelomyces quisqualis, a mycoparasite of fungi causing powdery mildews, exhibited high levels of extracellular exo-beta-1,3-glucanase activity in culture compared with neurospora crassa and gliocladium roseum. a. quisqualis culture filtrates affected powdery mildew caused by sphaerotheca fusca in a manner indicative of cell wall degradation, as determined by microscopic examination. a gene encoding an exo-beta-1,3-glucanase in a. quisqualis, designated exga, was isolated and sequenced. ... | 1999 | 18944674 |
| biological control of botrytis cinerea in cyclamen with ulocladium atrum and gliocladium roseum under commercial growing conditions. | abstract the effect of treatments with conidial suspensions of ulocladium atrum and gliocladium roseum on leaf rot of cyclamen caused by botrytis cinerea was investigated under commercial greenhouse conditions. spraying u. atrum (1 x 10(6) conidia per ml) or g. roseum (2 x 10(6) conidia per ml and 1 x 10(7) conidia per ml) at intervals of 2 to 3 weeks during the production period and spraying u. atrum (1 x 10(6) conidia per ml) at intervals of 4 to 6 weeks resulted in a significant reduction of ... | 1998 | 18944911 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody raised against surface antigens from mycelium of gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici: evidence for an extracellular polyphenol oxidase. | abstract a murine monoclonal antibody (mab) of immunoglobulin class m (igm) was raised against surface antigens from gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, recognized isolates of g. graminis var. tritici, g. graminis var. avenae and g. graminis var. graminis. characterization of the antigen by heat and protease treatments showed that the epitope recognized by the mab was a protein. antigen production was detected only in live mycelia. immunofluorescence s ... | 1997 | 18945163 |
| the production of myco-diesel hydrocarbons and their derivatives by the endophytic fungus gliocladium roseum (nrrl 50072). | an endophytic fungus, gliocladium roseum (nrrl 50072), produced a series of volatile hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives on an oatmeal-based agar under microaerophilic conditions as analysed by solid-phase micro-extraction (spme)-gc/ms. as an example, this organism produced an extensive series of the acetic acid esters of straight-chained alkanes including those of pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, sec-octyl and decyl alcohols. other hydrocarbons were also produced by this organism, including u ... | 2008 | 18957585 |
| exopolysaccharide from surface-liquid culture of clonostachys rosea originates from autolysis of the biomass. | we describe the purification and chemical characterization of galactomannans that appear both in the biomass and the culture broth during surface-liquid culture of the fungus clonostachys rosea, a common facultative saprophyte that has potential to be used as a biological control agent against several plant pathogenic fungi, insects and nematodes. the galactomannans from both sources had comparable ratios of man, gal and glc and the similarity were confirmed by (1)h, (13)c nmr, hmqc, and cosy sp ... | 2009 | 19229519 |
| species of root-knot nematodes and fungal egg parasites recovered from vegetables in almería and barcelona, spain. | intensive vegetable production areas were surveyed in the provinces of almería (35 sites) and barcelona (22 sites), spain, to determine the incidence and identity of meloidogyne spp. and of fungal parasites of nematode eggs. two species of meloidogyne were found in almería-m. javanica (63% of the samples) and m. incognita (31%). three species were found in barcelona, including m. incognita (50%), m. javanica (36%), and m. arenaria (14%). solanaceous crops supported larger (p < 0.05) nematode num ... | 2002 | 19265964 |
| studies on the host-finding mechanisms of neotylenchus linfordi. | the plant-parasitic nematode, neotylenchus linlordi, congregated around colonies or filtrates from mycelia of gliocladium roseum, rhizoctonia solani, pyrenochaeta terrestris and chaetomium indicum. the average time required for the nematodes to reach the fungal colonies ranged from less than 4 hr for g. roseum to 20 hr for r. solani. nematodes first circled near the point of introduction, then moved toward the fungus or filtrate. several methods of measuring the response of n. linfordi to g. ros ... | 1970 | 19322281 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a chitinase from clonostachys rosea. | crchi1 is a chitinase from the nematophagous fungus clonostachys rosea that plays a role in the infection of nematodes. in order to resolve the crystal structure of crchi1 and to gain a better understanding of its biological functions, recombinant crchi1 was crystallized at 291 k using peg 3350 and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as precipitant and a 1.8 a resolution x-ray data set was collected from a single flash-cooled crystal (100 k). the crystals belonged to space group p2(1), with unit-cell ... | 2009 | 19342787 |
| chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase enzyme production by the mycoparasite clonostachys rosea f. catenulata against fungal plant pathogens. | clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (syn. gliocladium catenulatum) is an effective fungal biological agent against fusarium root and stem rot and pythium damping-off diseases on cucumber plants. both chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase enzymes were produced when c. rosea was grown on a synthetic medium containing chitin or laminarin as a sole carbon source, respectively. chitinase production was also induced by fusarium cell walls, while beta-1,3-glucanase activity was induced by both fusarium and pyt ... | 2009 | 19396235 |
| mycobiota from cyclamen persicum and its interaction with botrytis cinerea. | sixty-six fungi isolated from cyclamen phylloplanes were identified and assessed in vitro for antagonism to b. cinerea on leaves, petals, petioles and peduncles. the estimation of pathogen conidial production was used as indicator of biocontrol ability of each of the strains. they were classified by cluster analysis resulting in four categories according to their behavior in the different organs. the most promising category included 34 isolates that significantly reduced pathogen inoculum in all ... | 2009 | 19397189 |
| high energy biofuel from endophytic fungi? | a paper entitled 'the production of myco-diesel hydrocarbons and their derivatives by the endophytic fungus gliocladium roseum (nrrl 50072)' (strobel et al., microbiology 154, 3319-3328, 2008) demonstrated for the first time that a fungal endophyte can produce volatile hydrocarbons, which are major constituents of diesel fuel. the possible implications of this finding with regards to potential commercial applications and the ecological role of volatiles in endophyte-host relationships are discus ... | 2009 | 19556159 |
| biocontrol agents efficiently inhibit sporulation of botrytis aclada on necrotic leaf tips but spread to adjacent living tissue is not prevented. | ulocladium atrum (isolates 385 and 302) consistently inhibited botrytis aclada sporulation on dead onion leaf pieces under constant moist conditions and with an interrupted wetness period of 9 h. clonostachys rosea (isolate 201) was as effective as u. atrum under constant moist conditions, but was ineffective if exposed to a drying period. no sporulation of b. aclada was observed 8 and 12 days after inoculation in the presence of u. atrum 302. c. rosea 201 significantly reduced b. aclada sporula ... | 2004 | 19712318 |
| pacc in the nematophagous fungus clonostachys rosea controls virulence to nematodes. | nematophagous fungi are commonly used as biological control agents of plant and animal parasitic nematodes. however, relatively little is known of the environmental attributes conferring pathogenicity in these fungi. in this report, we investigated the role of pacc-mediated ph response in the pathogenesis of the nematophagous fungus clonostachys rosea. we identified a pacc orthologue from this fungus and found that its transcript was elevated in c. rosea during the early stage of its infection o ... | 2010 | 20236165 |
| characterization of cultivated fungi isolated from grape marc wastes through the use of amplified rdna restriction analysis and sequencing. | microbial assessment of grape marc wastes, the residual solid by-product of the wine-industry, was performed by identifying phylogenetically the fungal culturable diversity in order to evaluate environmental and disposal safety issues and to discuss ecological considerations of applications on agricultural land. fungal spores in grape marc were estimated to 4.7 x 10(6) per g dry weight. fifty six fungal isolates were classified into eight operational taxonomic units (otus) following amplified ri ... | 2010 | 20571946 |
| regulation of subtilisin-like protease prc expression by nematode cuticle in the nematophagous fungus clonostachys rosea. | nematophagous fungi have been used as biological control agents against nematodes parasitic to plants and animals. these fungi can secret subtilisin-like extracellular serine proteases during the infection of nematodes. the expression of these subtilisin-like serine proteases is regulated by nitrogen sources, including nematode cuticle. however, the mechanisms underlying the nitrogen sources-induced expression of these serine proteases is not well understood. in this study, we investigated the e ... | 2010 | 20636375 |
| crystal structure and mutagenesis analysis of chitinase crchi1 from the nematophagous fungus clonostachys rosea in complex with the inhibitor caffeine. | chitinases are a group of enzymes capable of hydrolysing the β-(1,4)-glycosidic bonds of chitin, an essential component of the fungal cell wall, the shells of nematode eggs, and arthropod exoskeletons. chitinases from pathogenic fungi have been shown to be putative virulence factors, and can play important roles in infecting hosts. however, very limited information is available on the structure of chitinases from nematophagous fungi. here, we present the 1.8 å resolution of the first stru ... | 2010 | 20829286 |
| expression of a serine protease gene prc is up-regulated by oxidative stress in the fungus clonostachys rosea: implications for fungal survival. | soil fungi face a variety of environmental stresses such as uv light, high temperature, and heavy metals. adaptation of gene expression through transcriptional regulation is a key mechanism in fungal response to environmental stress. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the transcription factors msn2/4 induce stress-mediated gene expression by binding to the stress response element. previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of extracellular proteases is up-regulated in response to heat shoc ... | 2010 | 20976223 |
| clonostachys rosea bafc3874 as a sclerotinia sclerotiorum antagonist: mechanisms involved and potential as a biocontrol agent. | to establish the modes of action of the antagonistic fungal strain clonostachys rosea bafc3874 isolated from suppressive soils against sclerotinia sclerotiorum and to determine its potential as a biocontrol agent. methods and | 2011 | 21385290 |
| Water potential affects Coniothyrium minitans growth, germination and parasitism of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia. | Water availability is an important environmental factor which has major effects on fungal activity. The effects of osmotic (KCl amended agar) and matric Polyethylene glycol ((PEG) 8000 amended agar) potentials over the range -0.1 to -5.0MPa on mycelial growth and conidial germination of eight isolates of the sclerotial parasite Coniothyrium minitans was assessed. The influence of soil water potential on the ability of three selected isolates (LU112, LU545, and T5R42i) to parasitise sclerotia of ... | 2011 | 21872184 |
| [Construction of a recombination plasmid labelled with green fluorescence and its application in Clonostachys rosea]. | We constructed a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector harboring green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the hygromycin resistance gene hph, and observed its expression in Clonostachys rosea. | 2011 | 22043802 |
| use of mixed cultures of biocontrol agents to control sheep nematodes. | biological control is a promising non-chemical approach for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. use of combinations of biocontrol agents have been reported to be an effective method to increase the efficacy of biological control effects. in this study, combinations of either two bacillus thuringiensis (bt) or clonostachys rosea (c. rosea) isolates and bt+c. rosea isolates were evaluated in vitro in microtitre plates for their biocontrol activity on sheep nematodes. the baermann t ... | 2011 | 21962967 |
| [screening and identification of an endophytic fungus from atractylodes lancea which utilizes volatile oil selectively]. | in order to transform main active ingredient of volatile oil, endophytic fungi were screened from the root of atractylodes lancea. transformation method was used in vitro. the changes of volatile oil were traced by gas chromatography. one endophytic fungus (strain alg-13) which could uitilize volatile oil selectively was screened. single factor experiment were conducted for exploring the effects of various factors that including kinds of carbon source, speed, liquid volume, ph and concentration ... | 2012 | 23270221 |
| analysis of clonostachys rosea-induced resistance to tomato gray mold disease in tomato leaves. | tomato gray mold disease, caused by botrytis cinerea, is a serious disease in tomato. clonostachys rosea is an antagonistic microorganism to b. cinerea. to investigate the induced resistance mechanism of c. rosea, we examined the effects of these microorganisms on tomato leaves, along with changes in the activities of three defense enzymes (pal, ppo, gst), second messengers (no, h2o2, o2(-)) and phytohormones (iaa, aba, ga3, zt, meja, sa and c2h4). compared to the control, all treatments induced ... | 2014 | 25061981 |
| the marine-derived fungus clonostachys rosea, source of a rare conjugated 4-me-6e,8e-hexadecadienoic acid reducing viability of mcf-7 breast cancer cells and gene expression of lipogenic enzymes. | a marine-derived strain of clonostachys rosea isolated from sediments of the river loire estuary (france) was investigated for its high lipid production. the fungal strain was grown on six different culture media to explore lipid production changes. an original branched conjugated fatty acid, mainly present in triglycerides and mostly produced when grown on dca (23% of total fatty acid composition). it was identified as 4-me-6e,8e-hexadecadienoic on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. this fatt ... | 2015 | 26258780 |
| fungistatic activity of zanthoxylum rhoifolium lam. bark extracts against fungal plant pathogens and investigation on mechanism of action in botrytis cinerea. | plant-derived compounds are emerging as an alternative choice to synthetic fungicides. chloroform-methanol extract, obtained from the bark of zanthoxylum rhoifolium, a member of rutaceae, showed a fungistatic effect on botrytis cinerea, sclerotinia sclerotiorum, alternaria alternata, colletotrichum gloeosporioides and clonostachys rosea, when added to the growth medium at different concentrations. a fraction obtained by gel separation and containing the alkaloid o-methylcapaurine showed signific ... | 2015 | 25589008 |
| zearalenone lactonohydrolase activity in hypocreales and its evolutionary relationships within the epoxide hydrolase subset of a/b-hydrolases. | zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced by several species of fusarium genus, most notably fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum. this resorcylic acid lactone is one of the most important toxins causing serious animal and human diseases. for over two decades it has been known that the mycoparasitic fungus clonostachys rosea (synonym: gliocladium roseum, teleomorph: bionectria ochroleuca) can detoxify zearalenone, however no such attributes have been described within the trichoderma genus. | 2014 | 24708405 |
| biological control as a strategy to reduce the impact of mycotoxins in peanuts, grapes and cereals in argentina. | mycotoxins including aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins and ochratoxin a are among the main fungal secondary metabolites detected as natural contaminants in south america in different commodities such as peanuts (aflatoxins), cereals (deoxynivalenol and fumonisins) or grapes (ochratoxin a). different strategies including crop rotation, tillage practices, fungicide application and planting less susceptible cultivars are used in order to reduce the impact of these mycotoxins in both food and f ... | 2015 | 25427716 |
| interactions among filamentous fungi aspergillus niger, fusarium verticillioides and clonostachys rosea: fungal biomass, diversity of secreted metabolites and fumonisin production. | interactions among fungi colonizing dead organic matter involve exploitation competition and interference competition. major mechanism of interference competition is antibiosis caused by secreted secondary metabolites. the effect of competition on secondary metabolite production by fungi is however poorly understood. fungal biomass was rarely monitored in interaction studies; it is not known whether dominance in pairwise interactions follows congruent patterns. | 2016 | 27165654 |
| incidence and severity of leaf and fruit diseases of plums in latvia. | in the present study six plum orchards in latvia were examined during 2014. one orchard was commercial with integrated pest management (ipm) practices, one was with organic management, two orchards were scientific collections and in two orchards plums were grown as a minor crop, using ipm practices. the shot-hole disease (wilsonomyces carpophilus) and fruit rot were monitored in the field. samples of twigs and leaves were taken for further examination if some other disease symptoms were observed ... | 2015 | 27141740 |
| entomopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of the ecto-parasitic mite, varroa destructor, and their effect on the immune response of honey bees (apis mellifera l.). | three isolates of each of the entomopathogenic fungi, metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana and clonostachys rosea, were assessed for their pathogenicity to the honey bee parasitic mite, varroa destructor. the fungi were applied to varroa mites by immersing them in a spore solution, and then the inoculated mites were placed on honey bee brood inside capped cells. at 7 days post inoculation (dpi), the three fungi caused significant varroa mortality compared to non-inoculated mites. in brood ... | 2012 | 23000027 |
| transaldolase gene tal67 enhances the biocontrol activity of clonostachys rosea 67-1 against sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | clonostachys rosea is a promising biocontrol agent that parasitizes various fungal plant pathogens. in this paper, transaldolase gene tal67 was found to be greatly upregulated in c. rosea isolate 67-1 during mycoparasitism of sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia. quantitative real-time pcr revealed a significant increase in expression at 0-48 h after induction by sclerotia, and the level peaked at 13.9-fold higher than the control at 24 h. gene disruption led to a decrease in the growth rate of th ... | 2016 | 27130824 |
| the abc transporter abcg29 is involved in h2o2 tolerance and biocontrol traits in the fungus clonostachys rosea. | for successful biocontrol interactions, biological control organisms must tolerate toxic metabolites produced by themselves or plant pathogens during mycoparasitic/antagonistic interactions, by host plant during colonization of the plant, and xenobiotics present in the environment. atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters can play a significant role in tolerance of toxic compounds by mediating active transport across the cellular membrane. this paper reports on functional characterization of an a ... | 2016 | 26520102 |
| identifying glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes in the mycoparasitic fungal species clonostachys rosea. | clonostachysrosea is a mycoparasitic fungal species that is an efficient biocontrol agent against many plant diseases. during mycoparasitic interactions, one of the most crucial steps is the hydrolysis of the prey's fungal cell wall, which mainly consists of glucans, glycoproteins and chitin. chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes responsible for chitin degradation and it is suggested that they play an important role in fungal-fungal interactions. fungal chitinases belong exclusively to the glycoside ... | 2015 | 25881898 |
| hydrophobins are required for conidial hydrophobicity and plant root colonization in the fungal biocontrol agent clonostachys rosea. | filamentous fungi produce small cysteine rich surface active amphiphilic hydrophobins on the outer surface of cell walls that mediate interactions between the fungus and the environment. the role of hydrophobins in surface hydrophobicity, sporulation, fruit body formation, recognition and adhesion to host surface and virulence have been reported. the aim of the present study was to characterize the biological function of hydrophobins in the fungal biocontrol agent clonostachys rosea in order to ... | 2014 | 24483277 |
| the potential of antagonistic fungi for control of fusarium graminearum and fusarium crookwellense varies depending on the experimental approach. | to investigate the potential of fungal antagonists to control fusarium head blight (fhb) causing pathogens (fusarium graminearum and f. crookwellense) with two different experimental approaches. | 2015 | 25692943 |
| necrotrophic mycoparasites and their genomes. | mycoparasitism is a lifestyle where one fungus establishes parasitic interactions with other fungi. species of the genus trichoderma together with clonostachys rosea are among the most studied fungal mycoparasites. they have wide host ranges comprising several plant pathogens and are used for biological control of plant diseases. trichoderma as well as c. rosea mycoparasites efficiently overgrow and kill their fungal prey by using infection structures and by applying lytic enzymes and toxic meta ... | 2017 | 28281442 |
| insect deterrent and nematicidal screening of microfungi from mexico and anti-aphid compounds from gliomastix masseei. | fungal metabolites are promising alternatives for the development of biorational pesticides. in this sense, microfungi from tropical regions are valuable sources of natural compounds for pest management. with the aim of broadening the search for new eco-friendly products to manage plant pests, this study was carried out to evaluate the biological activity of 23 tropical fungal extracts on three species of phytophagous insects and a plant parasitic nematode. in addition, the active principles of ... | 2017 | 28258772 |
| efficacy of fungal and bacterial antagonists for controlling growth, fum1 gene expression and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium verticillioides on maize cobs of different ripening stages. | this study was carried out to examine the efficacy of two biocontrol agents (clonostachys rosea 016, bca1; gram-negative bacterium, bca5) for control of fum1 gene expression and fumonisin b1 (fb1) production by f. verticillioides fv1 on maize cobs of different ripening stages: r3, milk (0.985 aw); r4, dough (0.976 aw); r5, dent (0.958 aw). initially, temporal studies on fum1 gene expression and fb1 production were performed on maize kernels for up to 14days. this revealed that day 10 was optimum ... | 2017 | 28213318 |
| predatory activity of butlerius nematodes and nematophagous fungi against haemonchus contortus infective larvae. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the predatory activity of the nematode butlerius spp. and fungal isolates of duddingtonia flagrans, clonostachys rosea, arthrobotrys musiformis and trichoderma esau against h. contortus infective larvae (l3) in grass pots. forty-eight plastic gardening pots containing 140 g of sterile soil were used. panicum spp. grass seeds (200 mg) were sown into each pot and individually watered with 10 ml of tap water. twelve days after seeding, the pots were randoml ... | 2017 | 28146155 |
| native fungi as metal remediators: silver myco-accumulation from metal contaminated waste-rock dumps (libiola mine, italy). | metal contamination constitutes a major source of pollution globally. many recent studies emphasized the need to develop cheap and green technologies for the remediation or reclamation of environmental matrices contaminated by heavy metals. in this context, fungi are versatile organisms that can be exploited for bioremediation activities. in our work, we tested silver (ag) bioaccumulation capabilities of three microfungal strains (aspergillus alliaceus thom & church, trichoderma harzianum rifai, ... | 2017 | 28121268 |
| transformation of the endochitinase gene chi67-1 in clonostachys rosea 67-1 increases its biocontrol activity against sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | clonostachys rosea is a promising biocontrol fungus active against various plant fungal pathogens. in this study, the endochitinase-encoding gene chi67-1, the expression of which is sharply upregulated in c. rosea 67-1 when induced by sclerotia, was transformed into the original isolate by protoplast transformation, and transformants were screened against sclerotinia rot of soybean. the transformation efficiency was approximately 50 transformants per 1 × 10(7) protoplasts, and 68 stably heritabl ... | 2017 | 28050842 |
| clonostachys rosea reduces spot blotch in barley by inhibiting prepenetration growth and sporulation of bipolaris sorokiniana without inducing resistance. | several diseases threaten cereal production, and fungicides are therefore widely used. biological control is an environmentally friendly alternative, and the fungus clonostachys rosea is a versatile antagonist, effective against several plant diseases. we studied the ability of c. rosea to control barley leaf pathogens and the mechanisms behind the inhibition, emphasising induced resistance. | 2016 | 26910381 |
| draft genome sequence of fungus clonostachys rosea strain ykd0085. | here, we report the draft genome sequence of clonostachys rosea (strain ykd0085). the functional annotation of c. rosea provides important information related to its ability to produce secondary metabolites. the genome sequence presented here builds the basis for further genome mining. | 2016 | 27340057 |
| isolation of secondary metabolites from the soil-derived fungus clonostachys rosea yrs-06, a biological control agent, and evaluation of antibacterial activity. | the fungus clonostachys rosea is widely distributed all over the world. the destructive force of this fungus, as a biological control agent, is very strong to lots of plant pathogenic fungi. as part of the ongoing search for antibiotics from fungi obtained from soil samples, the secondary metabolites of c. rosea yrs-06 were investigated. through efficient bioassay-guided isolation, three new bisorbicillinoids possessing open-ended cage structures, tetrahydrotrichodimer ether (1) and dihydrotrich ... | 2016 | 26974009 |
| clonostachys rosea demethiolase str3 controls the conversion of methionine into methanethiol. | eukaryote-derived methioninase, catalyzing the one-step degradation of methionine (met) to methanethiol (mtl), has received much attention for its low immunogenic potential and use as a therapeutic agent against met-dependent tumors. although biological and chemical degradation pathways for met-mtl conversion are proposed, the concrete molecular mechanism for met-mtl conversion in eukaryotes is still unclear. previous studies demonstrated that α-keto-methylthiobutyric acid (kmba), the intermedia ... | 2016 | 26902928 |