| [three bacterial species associated with lyme borreliosis. clinical and diagnostic implications]. | dnas from various borrelia associated with lyme disease were reciprocally hybridized. this genomic taxonomy method showed that lyme disease agent comprised three genomic species. two species could be differentiated by phenotypic characters as major proteins molecular weights and monoclonal antibodies reactivity. western-blot with sera from patients suffering from different clinical forms of lyme disease: arthritis, meningoradiculitis and acrodermatitis chronicum atrophicans showed that each of t ... | 1992 | 1493569 |
| [the presence of borrelia in the intestines and salivary glands of spontaneously infected adult ixodes persulcatus schulze ticks during bloodsucking]. | a direct microscopic analysis of fixed smears and live preparations was used to reveal whether spirochetes are present in the gut and salivary glands of adult ixodes persulcatus ticks spontaneously infected with borrelia garinii and b. afzelii. unfed ticks collected from a vegetation, partially fed ticks removed from human bodies, and ticks deliberately fed on laboratory animals were studied. in each preparation, all spirochetes were counted in 250 microscopic fields, and their concentration per ... | 1995 | 7476674 |
| outer surface protein c gene sequence analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from japan. | the nucleotide sequences of the outer surface protein c gene (ospc) from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates representing six different restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) ribotype groups were determined, and the deduced amino acid sequences were aligned in comparison with the previously published ospc protein sequences. the sequence similarity analysis revealed the high sequence variability of ospc protein, and the degree of amino acid similarity ranged from 53.8 to 100% among ... | 1995 | 7494039 |
| delineation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group vs461 associated with lyme borreliosis. | we studied 48 borrelia isolates that were associated with lyme borreliosis or were isolated from ticks and identified three dna relatedness groups by using the s1 nuclease method. the three dna groups (genospecies) were associated with specific rrna gene restriction patterns, protein electrophoresis patterns, and patterns of reactivity with murine monoclonal antibodies. genospecies i corresponded to borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto since it contained the type strain of this species (strain atc ... | 1992 | 1380285 |
| pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated in japan and taxonomic implications with lyme disease spirochetes. | genomic dnas of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates obtained in japan sharing different rrna gene ribotypes were digested with rare-cutter restriction endonucleases and the fragments obtained were separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the sizes of large restriction cleavage bands with mlui endonuclease were quite similar among isolates in each ribotype group. on the other hand, the pfge profiles obtained with the other enzymes (nrui, sal i or spli) were rather divergent, and ... | 1994 | 7531811 |
| prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato-infected ticks on migrating birds. | the prevalence of lyme disease borrelia-infected ticks on migrating birds was studied in scandinavia. a total of 22,998 birds were caught at eight different bird observatories and examined for ticks. five different species of ticks were found infesting the birds. the dominant species, ixodesricinus, constituted 98.3% of the ticks collected. the presence of spirochetes was determined by an immunofluorescence assay of tick larvae and dna amplification by pcr on all ticks. to determine which borrel ... | 1995 | 7487041 |
| genetic and phenotypic analysis of borrelia miyamotoi sp. nov., isolated from the ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus, the vector for lyme disease in japan. | the ixodid tick ixodes persulcatus is the most important vector of lyme disease in japan. most spirochete isolates obtained from i. persulcatus ticks have been classified as borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato because of their genetic, biological, and immunological characteristics. however, we found that a small number of isolates obtained from i. persulcatus contained a smaller 38-kda endoflagellar protein and single 23s-5s rrna gene unit. representative isolate ht31t (t = type strain) had the same ... | 1995 | 7547303 |
| isolation and characterization of fibronectin-binding sites of borrelia garinii n34. | adherence of bacteria to host cell membranes is one of the initial steps of microbial pathogenicity. numerous studies have suggested that fibronectin promotes this interaction in some bacterial species. in this study, we have examined the ability of borrelia garinii to bind fibronectin. the binding of fibronectin to the spirochete was specific and saturable. scatchard plot analysis of the binding data revealed two types of ligands on the spirochetal surface, one with high affinity and one with l ... | 1995 | 7558283 |
| characterization of finnish borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and with monoclonal antibodies. | thirty-seven borrelia burgdorferi strains, isolated in 1992 from ixodes ricinus in finland, were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) with five to nine monoclonal antibodies (mabs). by sds-page results and reactivities to mabs h3ts, j 8.3, i 17.3, and d6, the 37 isolates were assigned to the species b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (n = 7), borrelia afzelii (n = 17), or borrelia garinii ... | 1995 | 7559935 |
| molecular characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | the large restriction fragment patterns (lrfp) and linear plasmid profiles of eight tick isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were investigated with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the whole cell lysate was examined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the mlui lrfp differentiates two species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and borrelia garinii). lrfp is a suitable method to demonstrate genetic hetero- o ... | 1995 | 7588556 |
| amino acid sequence heterogeneity of the chromosomal encoded borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato major antigen p100. | the entire nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal encoded major antigen p100 of the european borrelia garinii isolate b29 was determined and the deduced amino acid sequence was compared to the homologous antigen p83 of the north american borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain b31 and the p100 of the european borrelia afzelii (group vs461) strain pko. p100 of strain b29 shows 87% amino acid sequence identity to strain b31 and 79.2% to strain pko, p100 of strain b31 and pko shows 62.5% identity ... | 1995 | 7603343 |
| identification of spirochetes isolated from wild rodents in japan as borrelia japonica. | spirochetes isolated from three species of wild mice, apodemus speciosus, apodemus argenteus, and eothenomys smithi, which were caught on honshu, japan, were characterized on the bases of protein profiles, reactivities with monoclonal antibodies (mabs), and dna homology values. all the isolates reacted with mab o1441b, which is specific for borrelia japonica, but not with mab p62, which is specific for borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii. the dna relatednes ... | 1995 | 7615765 |
| classification of italian isolates of borrelia burgdorferi into three genomic groups. | in this study we investigated the genotypic characteristics of some locally isolated strains of b. burgdorferi by three different methodologies: restriction endonuclease analysis (rea), southern blot hybridization with whole dnas from borrelia strains and southern blot hybridization with rrna 16 + 23s genes derived from e. coli. rea fingerprintings were evaluated by cluster analysis, according to the principles of numerical taxonomy. the genomas of the locally isolated strains were compared with ... | 1993 | 7505385 |
| variable serum immunoglobulin responses against different borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in a population at risk for and patients with lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species display considerable antigenic polymorphism. in order to evaluate the importance of this antigenic heterogeneity in the serodiagnosis of lyme disease, the serum immunoglobulin g response in 148 healthy individuals from an area in northern sweden where lyme disease is endemic and in 40 american patients with lyme disease was assessed. in a seroprevalence study, the control group included 173 individuals from a region of northern sweden where lyme disease is ... | 1995 | 7650170 |
| molecular analysis of genes encoding outer surface protein c (ospc) of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: relationship to ospa genotype and evidence of lateral gene exchange of ospc. | it has been shown by analysis with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that outer surface protein c (ospc) of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is highly heterogeneous. to determine if the heterogeneity has a genetic basis, the genes of 18 different b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains have been amplified by pcr, cloned, and sequenced. the ospc genes could be amplified from all strains tested, even from two strains which did not express ospc in detectable amounts. among the 18 strains, 16 significan ... | 1995 | 7665660 |
| transcriptional analyses and mapping of the ospc gene in lyme disease spirochetes. | in lyme disease spirochetes, the ospc gene encodes a 22.7-kda protein referred to as either the pc or the ospc protein. using a variety of electrophoretic approaches followed by southern blotting and probing with oligonucleotide probes, we mapped the ospc gene to a circular 26-kb plasmid. the ospc gene represents the first gene to be mapped to a circular plasmid in lyme disease spirochetes. the occurrence of this gene in isolates belonging to each of the three lyme disease-associated species, bo ... | 1993 | 7679385 |
| phenotypic analysis of outer surface protein c (ospc) of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by monoclonal antibodies: relationship to genospecies and ospa serotype. | molecular analyses of the genes encoding ospc, a major immunodominant protein of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, revealed a considerable degree of heterogeneity. in the present study, we investigated whether a similar heterogeneity of the ospc phenotype can be shown by analysis with monoclonal antibodies (mabs). thirteen ospc-specific mabs (l22 mabs) were produced by immunizing mice with either different combinations of whole-cell antigens or recombinantly expressed ospcs cloned from strains be ... | 1995 | 7699024 |
| genotypic and phenotypic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi isolates from the netherlands. | sixty-three borrelia burgdorferi isolates recovered from ixodes ricinus ticks collected in 17 locations in the netherlands and three dutch human skin isolates were characterized by rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and western blotting (immunoblotting). all three human isolates belonged to b. burgdorferi group vs461. of the tick isolates, 29 (46%) were b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, 2 (3%) were group vs461, 19 (30%) were ... | 1995 | 7699027 |
| characterization of canine humoral immune responses to outer surface protein subunit vaccines and to natural infection by lyme disease spirochetes. | canine antibody responses to lyme disease subunit vaccines and to natural borrelial infection were investigated. vaccines were formulated with qs21 and outer surface proteins a (ospa) and b (ospb) derived from borrelia burgdorferi b31. vaccines containing qs21 and the lipoproteins gave 4-fold higher igg1 and 8-fold higher igg2 antibody responses than without qs21. antisera to lipidated ospa or ospb vaccines containing qs21 had high antiborrelial activity against isolates b31 and ca-2-87, similar ... | 1995 | 7706819 |
| sequence analysis of ospa genes shows homogeneity within borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and borrelia afzelii strains but reveals major subgroups within the borrelia garinii species. | the genes coding for the outer surface protein a (ospa) of 19 different borrelia burgdorferi strains belonging to the seven ospa-serotypes 1-7, previously described [wilske et al. (1993) j clin microbiol, 31: 340-350], have been investigated. b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains were chosen from various biological sources (ticks, human skin and cerebrospinal fluid) as well as different geographical origins (germany, slovenia, austria, united states). the open reading frames of all ospa genes consis ... | 1995 | 7500914 |
| linear chromosomes of lyme disease agent spirochetes: genetic diversity and conservation of gene order. | we have constructed physical and genetic maps of the chromosomes of 21 lyme disease agent spirochetes from geographically diverse locations. all have linear chromosomes whose lengths range from 935 to 955 kbp, and all contain multiple linear plasmids in the 16- to 175-kbp size range. the locations of 11 gene clusters on the chromosomes of these different isolates are indistinguishable at the resolution achieved in this study, indicating that the members of this related group of species have high ... | 1995 | 7751287 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the etiologic agent of lyme borreliosis, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, has been isolated from many biologic sources in north america and eurasia, and isolates have been divided into three distinct genospecies (b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii). in order to explore the possible association of genospecies with disease manifestation, 60 isolates of b. burgdorferi sensu lato were subjected to 5s rdna-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analys ... | 1995 | 7751362 |
| abilities of ospa proteins from different seroprotective groups of borrelia burgdorferi to protect hamsters from infection. | the ability of vaccination with recombinant ospa from six seroprotective groups of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato to induce protection against infection with homologous and other lyme spirochetes was examined in hamsters. antisera generated against the ospa proteins of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto s-1-10 and c-1-11 (seroprotective groups 1 and 2, respectively), borrelia afzelii bv1 (seroprotective group 4), and borrelia garinii lv4 (seroprotective group 5) were able to kill the homologous spiro ... | 1995 | 7768589 |
| simultaneous presence of different borrelia burgdorferi genospecies in biological fluids of lyme disease patients. | oligonucleotide primers based on borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato ospa gene sequences have been designed for use in the pcr to type all (sl primers) or each (gi to giii primers) of the b. burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies involved in lyme disease. these genospecies-specific primers were then used in the pcr on 24 biological fluids collected from 18 neuroborreliosis patients. among the samples tested, 20 contained dna from borrelia garinii, 11 contained dna from b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, and ... | 1995 | 7538507 |
| conservation of gene arrangement and an unusual organization of rrna genes in the linear chromosomes of the lyme disease spirochaetes borrelia burgdorferi, b. garinii and b. afzelii. | physical maps of the chromosomes of the lyme disease spirochaetes borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii have been elucidated for the enzymes cspi, sgrai, i-ceui, smai, eagi, bsshii, mlui and apai by two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques. the maps contain 42 sites for b. garinii and 32 for b. afzelii. the mapping studies showed that the two chromosomes are linear dna molecules of 953 and 948 kbp, respectively. a comparison of the physical maps of b. garinii and b. afzelii an ... | 1994 | 7812434 |
| complement-mediated killing of borrelia garinii--bactericidal activity of wild deer serum. | the susceptibility of borrelia garinii to fresh wild deer sera was determined by incubating strain sika2 at 10% serum concentration for 1 hr at 37 c in an in vitro bactericidal assay. each serum showed bactericidal effects at various levels. the effect was dependent on the concentration of antibody to the spirochetes. complement was essential in the bactericidal assay because the inactivated deer serum showed greatly decreased activity. our results suggest that b. garinii is sensitive to deer se ... | 1994 | 7854216 |
| acute childhood neuroborreliosis with a selective immune response to a low molecular weight protein expressed by borrelia garinii. | in patients with lyme borreliosis the early immune response to borrelia burgdorferi is usually directed against the flagellin (41 kd) antigen. however, the sera of 4 out of 12 children with typical early neuroborreliosis contained antibodies to two low molecular weight proteins of 19 and 23 kd. these antibodies were demonstrated in serological tests using borrelia garinii as antigen source. b. garinii is the species of b. burgdorferi sensu lato associated with neuroborreliosis. in contrast serol ... | 1994 | 7859793 |
| identification of an immunologically important hypervariable domain of major outer surface protein a of borrelia burgdorferi. | the gene for the major outer surface protein a (ospa) from several clinically obtained strains of borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of lyme disease, has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli by using a t7-based expression system (j. j. dunn, b. n. lade, and a. g. barbour, protein expr. purif. 1:159-168, 1990). all of the ospas have a single conserved tryptophan at residue 216 or, in some cases, 217; however, the region of the protein flanking the tryptophan is hypervariable, as ... | 1995 | 7890394 |
| [the survey of prevalence of lyme borreliosis in forestry workers in saitama prefecture]. | forestry workers in saitama prefecture are in high occupational risk to lyme borreliosis transmitted by ticks. we surveyed the incidence of tick bites and the prevalence of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in 80 forestry workers. elisa with the antigen from b. burgdorferi sensu stricto b31 as well as borrelia garinii hp3 and borrelia japonica ho14 isolated in japan was used for the detection of antibodies. antibody-positive cases against b31, hp3 and ho14 was 3.8, 23.8 and 13.8%, respecti ... | 1995 | 7745287 |
| evolution of the borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein ospc. | the genes coding for outer surface protein ospc from 22 borrelia burgdorferi strains isolated from patients with lyme borreliosis were cloned and sequenced. for reference purposes, the 16s rrna genes from 17 of these strains were sequenced after being cloned. the deduced ospc amino acid sequences were aligned with 12 published ospc sequences and revealed the presence of 48 conserved amino acids. on the basis of the alignment, ospc could be divided into an amino-terminal relatively conserved regi ... | 1995 | 7768799 |
| comparison of antibody titers against borrelial strains isolated in japan by the microcapsule agglutination test for serological studies of early lyme disease. | results of a passive microcapsule agglutination test using 2 japanese strains, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, were comparable to that of the passive microcapsule agglutination test using a swiss strain borrelia burgdorferi irs in detecting antibodies of an early stage of lyme disease patients in japan. mcat with microcapsule sensitized strain irs seems likely to become one of the important tools for the early diagnosis of lyme disease in the world. the highest titer of mcat was detected ... | 1994 | 7935044 |
| diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato evidenced by restriction fragment length polymorphism of rrf (5s)-rrl (23s) intergenic spacer amplicons. | the organization of the ribosomal genes is unique in borrelia burgdorferi in that the rrl (23s) and rrf (5s) genes are tandemly duplicated. we took advantage of this uniqueness to assess the restriction polymorphism of pcr products obtained with primers at the 3' end of the first rrf gene and at the 5' end of the second rrl gene. an amplicon that was 226 to 266 bp long was generated from 99 to 100 b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains. the nuclease msei restriction polymorphism of the amplicons prov ... | 1994 | 7981102 |
| electron microscopy and the polymerase chain reaction of spirochetes from the blood of patients with lyme disease. | results of studies using direct antigen detection suggest that seronegative lyme borreliosis is not rare and support the hypothesis that borrelia antigens can persist in humans. we report three successful cultures from blood out of 30 attempts from 96 lyme disease patients. the proof of borreliaemia in early or late phases of lyme disease by immuno-capture electron microscopy has practical importance for subsequent cultivation. the polymerase chain reaction with oligonucleotide sequences directe ... | 1993 | 8004045 |
| development of destructive arthritis in vaccinated hamsters challenged with borrelia burgdorferi. | we present the first direct evidence that adverse effects, particularly severe destructive arthritis, can develop in vaccinated hamsters after challenge with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. hamsters were vaccinated with a whole-cell preparation of formalin-inactivated b. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate c-1-11 in adjuvant. a severe destructive arthritis was readily evoked in vaccinated hamsters challenged with the homologous b. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate c-1-11 before high leve ... | 1994 | 8005672 |
| seroprotective groups of lyme borreliosis spirochetes from north america and europe. | five distinct seroprotective groups among north american and european isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii have been identified using the in vitro borreliacidal assay. the predominant north american seroprotective group comprised isolate 297 and b. burgdorferi isolates from california, illinois, wisconsin, new york, and texas. a second group was represented by isolate c-1-11. the majority of european isolates belonged to a seroprotective group co ... | 1994 | 8014485 |
| molecular subtyping of borrelia burgdorferi in erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. | recently, three subtypes of borrelia burgdorferi have been identified: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and the vs 461 group of borrelia burgdorferi. these subtypes differ by nucleotide sequence variations within several borrelia burgdorferi specific genes and most likely by their pathogenetic potential. to assess whether different subtypes of borrelia burgdorferi might be associated with different cutaneous manifestations and clinical courses of lyme disease, lesional skin ... | 1994 | 8027576 |
| experimental borrelia garinii infection of japanese quail. | japanese quail inoculated subcutaneously with borrelia garinii responded to infection. b. garinii was reisolated mainly from skin and randomly from several organs between 7 and 56 days postinoculation. skin lesions were occasionally observed in association with spirochete recovery. all birds were positive for antibody at 53 to 56 days postinoculation. these results suggest that the japanese quail is a model for experimental infection with b. garinii and that birds are reservoirs for lyme disease ... | 1994 | 8039933 |
| comparison of different strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato used as antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | eight strains of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were tested with serum samples from persons who had lyme borreliosis or syphilis in class-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). antigens of b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, of borrelia garinii, and of borrelia spirochetes in group vs461 were prepared from cultured bacteria isolated from ticks, a white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), or human tissues in north america, the former soviet union, and japan. nearly all of the serum spec ... | 1994 | 8051239 |
| assignment of borrelia burgdorferi strains g25 and vs461 to the borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii genospecies, respectively: a comparison of ospa protein sequences. | the nucleotide sequence encoding the outer surface protein a (ospa) from two borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates, g25 and vs461, has been determined. on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis, strains g25 and vs461 were respectively assigned to the b. garinii and b. afzelii genospecies. comparative analysis of ospa proteins from 26 different b. burgdorferi sensu lato strains involved in lyme disease indicated a higher heterogeneity in the b. garinii genospecies than in the two other genospeci ... | 1995 | 7626787 |
| isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from biopsy specimens taken from healthy-looking skin of patients with lyme borreliosis. | erythematous skin lesions due to infection with borrelia burgdorferi will often disappear without antibiotic treatment. the aim of the study was to assess whether after disappearance of the erythematous skin lesion b. burgdorferi is still present in the healthy-looking skin of untreated patients. in six patients, a skin biopsy specimen was taken at the site of a previous erythematous skin lesion 1 to 6 months after disappearance of the lesion. four of them presented with early disseminated lyme ... | 1994 | 8195384 |
| polymorphism in ospc gene of borrelia burgdorferi and immunoreactivity of ospc protein: implications for taxonomy and for use of ospc protein as a diagnostic antigen. | the nucleotide sequences of the ospc gene from five danish human borrelia burgdorferi isolates representing all three b. burgdorferi genospecies (b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group vs461) and from the american type strain b31 were determined and compared with the published ospc sequence from the german b. burgdorferi isolate pko (r. fuchs, s. jauris, f. lottspeich, v. preac-mursic, b. wilske, and e. soutschek, mol. microbiol. 6:503-509, 1992). the ospc gene was pr ... | 1993 | 8253951 |
| variation in the size of the ospa-containing linear plasmid, but not the linear chromosome, among the three borrelia species associated with lyme disease. | the aetiological agents of lyme disease form a phylogenetically heterogeneous group, composed of three species, borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia garinii, and group vs461. we have compared the sizes of the linear plasmid that carries the genes encoding the major outer-surface proteins ospa and ospb as well as the size and structure of the chromosome among the lyme disease spirochaetes. we have found differences in the sizes of the ospa-containing plasmids, but not the linear chromosomes among the t ... | 1993 | 8254314 |
| lyme disease spirochetes in japan: enzootic transmission cycles in birds, rodents, and ixodes persulcatus ticks. | the ixodid tick, ixodes persulcatus, serves as a vector of borrelia species associated with lyme disease in hokkaido, japan. the migratory birds of genera emberiza and turdus and the woodland rodents of genera apodemus and clethrionomys are the wildlife reservoirs. to systemize the enzootic transmission cycles, borreliae isolates were classified by ribosomal rna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. most (> 60%) isolates from the bird-feeding i. persulcatus larvae belong ... | 1994 | 7930730 |
| identification and characterization of lyme disease spirochetes, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, isolated in korea. | lyme disease spirochetes, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, were identified and characterized for the first time in korea. four isolates, designated konkuk-1, konkuk-2, kangwon-3, and km-4, were made from midgut suspensions of three ixodes ticks and heart tissue from one mouse, apodemus agrarius, collected from chungbuk and kangwon provinces. the four korean isolates and b. burgdorferi sensu lato from other geographic areas and biological sources were compared by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly ... | 1993 | 8349761 |
| seroprotective groups among isolates of borrelia burgdorferi. | we demonstrated that different seroprotective groups exist among isolates of borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia garinii. the major group was composed of isolates 297, b31, s-1-10, mmti, ipt, and atcc 35211 and 21 isolates obtained from california, illinois, new york, texas, and wisconsin. a second group was composed of european isolates pbi and g25. a third group was composed of a single isolate, c-1-11. these groupings were supported by western immunoblot findings. in addition, the seroprotectiv ... | 1993 | 8406827 |
| an ospa serotyping system for borrelia burgdorferi based on reactivity with monoclonal antibodies and ospa sequence analysis. | a total of 136 borrelia burgdorferi sensu latu strains from various biological sources (ticks, human skin, and cerebrospinal fluid) and geographical sources (europe and north america) were investigated by western blot (immunoblot) with eight monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of the outer surface protein a (ospa). on the basis of the differential reactivities of these monoclonal antibodies, seven ospa serotypes were defined. as determined by 16s rrna sequence analysis, these seroty ... | 1993 | 8432821 |
| variability of osp genes and gene products among species of lyme disease spirochetes. | a comparison of the osp operon in 24 lyme disease isolates, including representatives from each of the three established species, borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia garinii, and group vs461, was conducted. several properties were assessed to determine whether the variability observed in this operon was reflective of the species of the isolate. at the transcriptional level, start site and northern (rna) blot analyses were conducted. b. garinii and vs461 group isolates were found to possess an untrans ... | 1993 | 8500899 |
| western blot analysis of sera from lyme borreliosis patients according to the genomic species of the borrelia strains used as antigens. | sera of 52 lyme borreliosis patients classified according to their clinical features were analysed by western blot using as antigens borrelia strains belonging to three recently described genomic species. the antibody response was demonstrated to be homologous within each genospecies. serum reactivity was studied for each of the type strains borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (strain b31t), borrelia garinii (strain 20047t) and group vs461. seven of 15 sera (46.6%) of patients with meningoradicul ... | 1993 | 8513814 |
| prevalence of lyme borrelia in ticks in bratislava, slovak republic. | a total of 2857 unfed ixodes ricinus adult ticks were collected in 2-3 week intervals in 1991 in bratislava to survey their prevalence with spirochaetes. five hundred twenty eight, i.e. 17.8% harboured borreliae as detected by dark field microscopy. the infection rates of examined ticks varied from 15.3 to 21.8% in females and from 14.5 to 16.9% in males. the infestation of ticks was related to the season of their collection, the highest being in summer months. at this time the highest number of ... | 1995 | 8535370 |
| molecular and immunological characterization of the p83/100 protein of various borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains. | the complete coding regions of the chromosomally encoded p83/100 protein of four borrelia garinii strains and one borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strain have been amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), cloned and sequenced. from alignment studies with the deduced amino acid sequences presented here, and five other published p83/100 sequences, the most heterologous region of the p83/100 molecule was identified to be located between amino acid position 390-540. to study the structure ... | 1995 | 8538575 |
| analysis and comparison of plasmid profiles of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains. | the relationship between plasmid profiles and genospecies of the lyme disease borreliae was investigated by using 40 strains from diverse biological and geographical sources. the genospecies of the strains were determined by examination of rrna gene restriction patterns with cdna probes complementary to the 16s and 23s rrnas of escherichia coli. plasmid profiles were obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. the number of plasmids per strain and the size of these plasmids ranged from 4 to 10 ... | 1995 | 8567905 |
| analysis of the genetic polymorphism of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. | in recent years, borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato has been subdivided into three species, borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii, and a new species restricted to japan, borrelia japonica, has been isolated from ixodes ovatus. in addition, members of several new genomic groups have been found in america and in europe, suggesting that there are additional genospecies. in order to study the diversity of b. burgdorferi sensu lato, we analyzed 54 isolates, cultured ... | 1996 | 8573491 |
| simultaneous detection and genotyping of three genomic groups of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in dutch ixodes ricinus ticks by characterization of the amplified intergenic spacer region between 5s and 23s rrna genes. | we developed a rapid and reliable method for the identification borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species in ticks. we used the dna sequence polymorphism of the spacer region between 5s and 23s rrna genes, which has been shown to be able to discriminate between eight genomic groups of b. burgdorferi sensu lato (d. postic, m. assous, p. a. d. grimont, and g. baranton, int. j. syst. bacteriol. 44:743-752, 1994). spacer dna was amplified by pcr and was then hybridized to five membrane-bound oligonucl ... | 1995 | 8586679 |
| antibody responses to the three genomic groups of borrelia burgdorferi in european lyme borreliosis. | the antibody responses to the three genomic groups of borrelia burgdorferi (b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii, and borrelia afzelii) were determined in 97 german patients with various manifestations of lyme borreliosis. the geometric mean antibody titers in each patient group, determined by elisa, were similar with each antigen preparation. by western blotting, however, patients with meningopolyneuritis tended to respond to more spirochetal polypeptides of b. garinii, the group 2 st ... | 1994 | 8106763 |
| infection rate of ixodes ricinus ticks with borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, and borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in slovenia. | in spring 1993, ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from six regions of slovenia to determine their overall rate of infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and to assess the frequency of individual species in these tick populations. ticks were dissected and midgut tissue inoculated into modified barbour-stoenner-kelly (bsk ii) medium. borrelia isolates were differentiated into separate species using species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers and by large restriction fragment ... | 1995 | 8654451 |
| binding of human urokinase type plasminogen activator and plasminogen to borrelia species. | borrelia burgdorferi binds human urokinase plasminogen activator (upa), which cleaves plasminogen (pgn) to plasmin. the ability of other borrelia species to bind upa, pgn, or both was investigated. borrelia coriacae, borrelia garinii, borrelia parkeri, borrelia anserina, and borrelia turicatae were compared with infectious and noninfectious b. burgdorferi isolates. all borrelia species lacked endogenous proteases capable of digesting casein, but all species bound human upa and pgn, generating pg ... | 1996 | 8656020 |
| analysis of the distribution and molecular heterogeneity of the ospd gene among the lyme disease spirochetes: evidence for lateral gene exchange. | analysis of the ospd gene has revealed that this gene is not universal among lyme disease spirochete isolates. the gene was found to be carried by 90, 50, and 24% of the borrelia garinii, b. afzelii, and b. burgdorferi isolates tested. size variability in the ospd-encoding plasmid was also observed. sequence analysis has demonstrated the presence of various numbers of a 17-bp repeated sequence in the upstream control (promoter) region of the gene. in addition, a region within the coding sequence ... | 1994 | 7913928 |
| genomic fingerprinting of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | a total of 46 borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates that were isolated from patients with lyme borreliosis and infected animals or were extracted from ticks of the genus ixodes were analyzed. large restriction fragment patterns obtained after cleavage of genomic dnas with mlui were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). to eliminate the contribution of plasmid dna, only fragments greater than 70 kb were used for the analysis. the results indicated that each of the 14 b. burgdorf ... | 1993 | 8263170 |
| etiology of the acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans lesion in lyme disease. | spirochete diversity in acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans lesions in a closely defined central european site was compared to that in the local vector population, in human erythema migrans lesions, and in cerebrospinal fluid by amplifying and sequencing a segment of the gene of outer surface protein a directly from sampled tissues. borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia burgdorferi acutely infect human skin and invade internal tissues. only b. afzelii, however, is associated with acro ... | 1996 | 8699080 |
| characteristics of lyme disease spirochetes in archived european ticks. | to determine whether the characteristics of the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) in europe may have changed during the past century, dna was amplified from archived ixodes ricinus ticks. tick dna could be amplified, even when ticks had been stored under museum conditions for nearly a century. spirochetal dna was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 6 ticks preserved for as long as a century; the oldest was collected in 1884. borrelia garinii, which predominates in modern ticks ... | 1996 | 8699081 |
| uptake and killing of lyme disease and relapsing fever borreliae in the perfused rat liver and by isolated kupffer cells. | in situ-perfused rat livers were infused with a single dose of 1.5 x 10(7) radiolabeled borreliae. significant (p < 0.00005) differences in the liver uptake of the agents of lyme borreliosis, borrelia burgdorferi irs, borrelia afzelii vs461, and borrelia garinii pbi, and that of the agents of relapsing fever, borrelia hermsii, borrelia parkeri, and borrelia turicatae, were observed. the liver uptakes ranged between 65.9% for b. burgdorferi irs and 40.5% for b. turicatae. neither relapsing fever ... | 1996 | 8613404 |
| immunological and molecular variability of ospa and ospc. implications for borrelia vaccine development. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the etiological agent of lyme borreliosis is considerably heterogeneous in europe. since the outer surface proteins ospa and ospc are the most promising candidates for a borrelia vaccine the immunological heterogeneity of these proteins was investigated. by immunological analysis with monoclonal antibodies and sequence analysis of pcr amplified ospa and ospc at least seven and 16 different types, respectively, were found. whereas skin isolates (n = 68) were quite ... | 1996 | 8740124 |
| prevalence of igg reactivity in lyme borreliosis patients versus borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in a restricted area of northern italy. | this survey evaluates the antibody band patterns of sera taken from clinically defined cases of lyme borreliosis, towards three locally isolated strains of borrelia burgdorferi, belonging to the three species: borrelia sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii, by means of western blot. the sera were taken from patients resident in a limited area of friuli venezia giulia (fvg) region. the data indicated that, besides a different feature of the band reactivity which correlated to the d ... | 1995 | 8745006 |
| identification of four genomic groups of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in a lyme borreliosis endemic region of northern croatia. | we investigated the presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks collected in a lyme borreliosis (lb) endemic region of northern croatia. ticks (n = 124) were collected at five locations and analysed by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a dna fragment from the internal transcribed spacer (its2) of i. ricinus was detected in all tick lysates, indicating that pcr inhibitors were not present. borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna was detected in 56 out of 124 ticks (45%). fo ... | 1996 | 8746131 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by pcr in questing ixodes ricinus larvae from the dutch north sea island of ameland. | in may 1995, 61 ixodes ricinus larvae were collected from vegetation on the dutch north sea island of ameland. fifty-seven lysates (94%) were analysed for the presence of borrelia dna by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), which amplified the intergenic spacer region between the 5s and 23s rrna genes. three samples (5%) were positive and hybridization of the pcr product to genomic group-specific probes revealed that two larvae were infected with borrelia afzelii and group vs116, respectively an ... | 1996 | 8771771 |
| characterization of spirochetes isolated from ticks (ixodes tanuki, ixodes turdus, and ixodes columnae) and comparison of the sequences with those of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains. | ixodes persulcatus serves as a tick vector for borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii in japan; however, unidentified spirochetes have been isolated from other species of ticks. in this study, 13 isolates from ticks (6 from ixodes tanuki, 6 from ixodes turdus, and 1 from ixodes columnae) and 3 isolates from voles (clethrionomys rufocanus) were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism, partial sequencing of the o ... | 1996 | 8779571 |
| differentiation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains isolated from skin biopsies and tick by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | fifteen isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from skin biopsies (8) and ticks (7) were investigated for species differentiation by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the skin isolates were further characterized by plasmid profile as well as sds-page and revealed six borrelia afzelii-, one borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto-, and one borrelia garinii species. the tick isolates showed three borrelia afzelii--and four borrelia garinii species. the skin isolates could be further discrim ... | 1996 | 8673805 |
| molecular polymorphism of the lyme disease agent borrelia garinii in northern europe is influenced by a novel enzootic borrelia focus in the north atlantic. | lyme disease borrelia species are distributed in temperate areas of north america and eurasia. to elucidate the distribution of borreliae in subarctic regions, strains isolated from ixodes ricinus and ixodes uriae ticks found on islands in the northern atlantic and baltic sea were molecularly characterized. all isolates were verified as borrelia garinii by 16s rrna gene analysis and immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies specific for the outer surface proteins a and c. three ribotypes (rts) o ... | 1996 | 8789017 |
| distribution of borrelia species associated with lyme disease in the subalpine forests of nagano prefecture, japan. | we surveyed the natural distribution of borrelia species associated with lyme disease in the subalpine forests of nagano prefecture, japan, during 1993-94. tick-derived isolates (n = 112) from ixodes persulcatus and rodent-derived isolates (n = 55) from apodemus argenteus, apodemus speciosus, eothenomys andersoni, eothenomys smithii, and microtus montebelli were classified by rrna gene restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (rflp ribotyping). ribotype group iv (an intraspecific varian ... | 1996 | 8709867 |
| refeeding activity of immature ticks of ixodes persulcatus and transmission of lyme disease spirochete by partially fed larvae. | the refeeding activity of immature ticks of ixodes persulcatus was studied under laboratory conditions. balb/c mice were used as blood sources. feeding larvae and nymphs spontaneously detached themselves from parasitized mice when the mice were killed 1 or 2 days after tick exposure. partially fed ticks were reexposed on other mice. both larvae and nymphs were able to refeed on mice. the resultant engorged ticks normally molted to the next developmental stages. we also examined the transmission ... | 1996 | 8691387 |
| molecular characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato from slovenia revealing significant differences between tick and human isolates. | one hundred twenty-nine slovenian isolates of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato derived from patients (69 strains) or ixodes ricinus ticks (60 strains) were characterized. all of the strains were first- or second-passage isolates obtained in 1992 and 1993 from the same endemic region. the techniques used for the molecular analysis of strains included species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoretic separation of undigested and mlui-digested genomic dna. ... | 1996 | 8781883 |
| t cell response to borrelia garinii, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia japonica in various congenic mouse strains. | the infectivity and t cell response to borrelia garinii sika2, borrelia afzelii bfox, and borrelia japonica 0612, the organisms that cause lyme disease in japan, were examined in various inbred and congenic strains of mice. infectivity differed among the species: b. garinii sika2 and b. afzelii bfox were each able to infect 90% to 100% of c3h/he mice; b. japonica 0612 was able to infect only 20% of c3h/he mice. the pattern of infectivity to various inbred and congenic strains of mice may influen ... | 1995 | 8789051 |
| borreliae in immature ixodes ricinus (acari:ixodidae) ticks parasitizing birds in the czech republic. | of 411 forest birds of 33 species examined near valtice, czech republic, 29% were infested with ixodes ricinus (l.); 2.2% were parasitized by haemaphysalis concinna koch. borreliae were detected in 5.1 and 11.7% of larval and nymphal i. ricinus, respectively. none of the 13 h. concinna tested was infected. in total, 3.2% of the birds examined were parasitized by i. ricinus immatures infected by borreliae. borreliae-containing ticks parasitized european robin, erithacus rubecula (l.); eurasian bl ... | 1996 | 8840682 |
| kill kinetics of borrelia burgdorferi and bacterial findings in relation to the treatment of lyme borreliosis. | for a better understanding of the persistence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) after antibiotic therapy the kinetics of killing b. burgdorferi s.l. under amoxicillin, doxycycline, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, azithromycin and penicillin g were determined. the killing effect was investigated in mkp medium and human serum during a 72 h exposure to antibiotics. twenty clinical isolates were used, including ten strains of borrelia afzelii and ten strains of borrelia garinii. the results show th ... | 1996 | 8852456 |
| in vitro susceptibility of thirty borrelia strains from various sources against eight antimicrobial chemotherapeutics. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbc) were evaluated of the antimicrobial chemotherapeutics amoxicillin, azithromycin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, penicillin g sodium, roxithromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 30 borrelia strains from various sources (skin, cerebrospinal fluid, ticks). of these strains 29 were lyme disease agents of the species borrelia afzelii (n = 12), borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (n = 4), borrelia gari ... | 1996 | 8852472 |
| phylogenetic analysis of borrelia species based on flagellin gene sequences and its application for molecular typing of lyme disease borreliae. | we determined almost complete flagellin gene sequences of various borrelia species and aligned them with previously published sequences. a neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus borrelia was divided into the following three major clusters: new world relapsing fever borreliae (borrelia turicatae, borrelia parkeri, and borrelia hermsii), old world relapsing fever borreliae (borrelia crocidurae, borrelia duttonii, and borrelia hispanica), and lyme disease borreliae (borrelia b ... | 1996 | 8863416 |
| first isolation and characterisation of borrelia garinii, agent of lyme borreliosis, from irish ticks. | nymphal ixodes ricinus, the tick vector of lyme borreliosis, were collected from the edges of paths in muckross demesne, killarney national park, co. kerry, ireland. examination of some of these nymphs by indirect immunofluorescence showed an infection prevalence of 12% with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochaete agent of lyme borreliosis. gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were infected by infesting them with other nymphs from the same batch. subsequently uninfected laboratory larvae wer ... | 1996 | 8867493 |
| igm and igg significant reactivity to borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii among italian patients affected by lyme arthritis or neuroborreliosis. | this survey evaluates the specificity of band patterns in immunoblot of sera taken from clinically defined cases of lyme arthritis and neuroborreliosis, towards three locally isolated strains of borrelia burgdorferi, belonging to the three species: borrelia sensu stricto, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii. to assess specificity, patient sera were statistically (x2, p < or = 0.05) compared with blood donors sera samples. both igg and igm antibodies were considered. the overall reactivity of t ... | 1996 | 8809552 |
| presence of common antigenic epitope in outer surface protein (osp) a and ospb of japanese isolates identified as borrelia garinii. | japanese borrelia strains fujip2, ap83, nt24, nt29 and ht2 which had a 31-kilodalton protein non-reactive with monoclonal antibody (mab) h5332 to outer surface protein a (ospa) were identified as b. garinii by the dna hybridization method. mab p3134 raised to strain nt24 reacted with ospa and the ospb-ranging protein of these isolates and cross-reacted with the ospb-ranging protein of some other isolates. since the reactive protein was extracted by the triton x-114 phase partitioning method, the ... | 1996 | 8839432 |
| tick factors and in vitro cultivation influence the protein profile, antigenicity and pathogenicity of a cloned borrelia garinii isolate from ixodes ricinus hemolymph. | a borrelia garinii isolate (ne11h) was obtained from the hemolymph of infed ixodes ricinus. ne11h expressed four major proteins of 33 kda, 32 kda, 23 kda and 22 kda. during in vitro culture, ne11h successively lost the expression of the 22 kda and 23 kda proteins and the ne11h variant (ne11hp15) was not recognized by an immune serum specific for the ospc protein (anti-ospc is). however, when reintroduced into tick midguts, ne11hp15 spirochetes present in the midgut again reacted with anti-ospc i ... | 1996 | 8811366 |
| borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in an endemic environment: wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) with infected ticks and antibodies. | ticks and blood samples were collected from wild sika deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) during a hunting season (august to october) of 1991 at a selected location in hokkaido, japan. ixodes persulcatus (adult and nymph) and i. ovatus (adult) were the common ticks on sika deer. spirochetes were detected in the midgut of the ticks by the indirect peroxidase-conjugated antibody staining method and by dark-field microscopy after cultivation. by the reactive pattern of monoclonal antibodies, isolates we ... | 1996 | 8871523 |
| reservoir competence of the vole, clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, for borrelia garinii or borrelia afzelii. | in autumn of 1994 and spring of 1995, we examined borrelia infection among microtinae voles, clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, in hokkaido, japan. in bsk culturing of the earlobe tissues of 45 c. rufocanus bedfordiae captured, twelve rodents were positive for borrelia. eight isolates were used for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. according to the results, these isolates were classified into b. garinii or b. afzelii. it is con ... | 1996 | 8871531 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates associated with lyme disease in japan by flagellin gene sequence determination. | we determined nearly complete flagellin gene sequences for borrelia burdgdorferi sensu lato isolates (11 isolates obtained from ixodes persulcatus ticks and patients in hokkaido, japan, and 1 european isolate) representing six different restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) ribotype groups following cloning of the pcr-amplified genes. these sequences were aligned with those of representatives of the three borrelia species associated with lyme disease, and a phylogenetic tree was constr ... | 1996 | 8934900 |
| occurrence of borrelia garinii oculo-neuroborreliosis in japan. | we report a 64-year-old japanese man with oculo-neuroborreliosis. his clinical features consisted of polyarthralgia, keratoconjunctivitis, chorioretinitis, optic neuritis, confusion, and polyradiculitis. assay of antibodies to borrelia species detected igg-antibody to b. garinii in both serum and csf. progressive declining of serum igg antibody titer against borrelia garinii, in parallel with clinical improvement, was observed after administration of ceftriaxone. | 1996 | 8902739 |
| [the isolation of borrelia from the tick ixodes trianguliceps (ixodidae) and the possible significance of this species in the epizootiology of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses]. | ixodes trianguliceps is a common tick species of the eurasian forest zone. these ticks live probably in natural foci of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses (itbb) from western europe to transbaikalia, but their role in circulation of corresponding pathogens remains unclear. this study was performed in a natural itbb focus located in the perm region of russia (near the urals), where borrelia garinii and b. afzelii circulate and i. persulcatus serves as their main vector. in july-august of 1994, 296 sma ... | 1996 | 8975209 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato based on sequence information from the hbb gene, coding for a histone-like protein. | we describe a phylogenetic investigation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of lyme disease, based on a dna sequence analysis of the hbb gene, which encodes protein hbb, a member of the family of histone-like proteins. because of their intimate contact with the dna molecule, these proteins are believed to be fairly conserved through evolution. in this study we proved that the hbb gene is suitable for phylogenetic inference in the genus borrelia. the hbb gene, which is 327 bp ... | 1997 | 8995795 |
| [a case of neuroborreliosis with unilateral radiculoneuropathy and elevated serum antibodies for borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii]. | a 24-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital because of dysesthesia and weakness of the right leg. six weeks before admission he traveled to southern china. a week later he noticed multiple papules with itching on his right leg that were suspected to be insect bites. four days later numbness of the right leg developed. then he began to limp because of the leg weakness. two weeks before admission severe pain in the right leg developed. on admission neurological examination revealed hyp ... | 1996 | 8997140 |
| detection of borrelia burgdorferi dna (b garinii or b afzelii) in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus tissues of german and japanese but not of us patients. | to elucidate the geographic and genospecific association of borrelia with morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (lsa). | 1997 | 9006371 |
| local variations in the distribution and prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genomospecies in ixodes ricinus ticks. | unfed nymphal and adult ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from five locations within the 10,000-ha killarney national park, ireland. the distribution and prevalence of the genomospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the ticks were investigated by pcr amplification of the intergenic spacer region between the 5s and 23s rrna genes and by reverse line blotting with genomospecies-specific oligonucleotide probes. the prevalence of ticks infected with b. burgdorferi sensu lato was significan ... | 1997 | 9055424 |
| consensus sequence on the genes encoding the major outer surface proteins (ospa and ospb) of borrelia garinii isolate. | japanese lyme borrelias classified as ribotype iv is predominant among isolates derived from clinical specimens, reservoir rodents and ixodes persulcatus ticks, and has been characterized as borrelia garinii. these b. garinii isolates have antigenic and genetic features apparently different from north american, european and other asian isolates, especially in major outer surface proteins a (ospa) and b (ospb). in this study, we cloned and sequenced the genes encoding ospa and ospb from b. garini ... | 1997 | 9087950 |
| antibiotic treatment in mice infected with japanese borrelia garinii: efficacy of ceftriaxone for eradicating the infection induced by ixodes persulcatus tick bites. | we compared the efficacy of three antibiotics (ceftriaxone, erythromycin and clarithromycin) against borrelia garinii infection in mice. the nymphal ticks of ixodes persulcatus infected with the strain jem6 of japanese b. garinii were allowed to feed on female c3h mice. the mice were treated with each of the antibiotics for 5 consecutive days 1, 3, or 7 weeks after tick detachment. the doses of antibiotics per day were as follows: 5 mg intraperitoneal injection of ceftriaxone, 2 mg intraperitone ... | 1997 | 9087959 |
| complement-mediated serum sensitivity among spirochetes that cause lyme disease. | borrelia burgdorferi-related isolates were tested for their sensitivity to normal human serum (nhs) and their ability to activate complement. by dark-field microscopy, electron microscopy, and subsurface plating, it was shown that exposure of a borrelia garinii isolate to 10% or more nhs resulted in immobilization, blebbing, and killing of the spirochetes. these effects were mediated by complement, since they were not seen after heat treatment of nhs, in the presence of edta, or in an agammaglob ... | 1997 | 9119456 |
| competence of a migratory bird, red-bellied thrush (turdus chrysolaus), as an avian reservoir for the lyme disease spirochetes in japan. | to evaluate the competence of migratory birds as reservoirs for the lyme disease spirochetes, we examined two species of migrants, red-bellied thrush (turdus chrysolaus) and black-faced bunting (emberiza spodocephala) in nemuro, the northern part of japan. spirochetes were found in four individual birds out of 11 t. chrysolaus, three isolates were detected from the skins and the other one was obtained from the liver. no spirochete was found to be infected in 20 e. spodocephala. as far as we know ... | 1997 | 9140513 |
| interpretation criteria for standardized western blots for three european species of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | western blots (wbs; immunoblots) are a widely used tool for the serodiagnosis of lyme borreliosis, but so far, no defined criteria for performance, analysis, and interpretation have been established in europe. for the current study wbs were produced with strains pka2 (borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto), pko (borrelia afzelii), and pbi (borrelia garinii). to improve resolution we used gels of 17 cm in length. in a first step, 13 immunodominant proteins were identified with monoclonal antibodies. ... | 1997 | 9163458 |
| levels of endogenous interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor in congenic mice infected with borrelia garinii. | this study describes the levels of interleukin-1 alpha (il-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) in the sera and parenchymal organs of various congenic mouse strains infected with borrelia garinii. a significant elevation of inflammatory cytokine levels was found in the organs of c3h/hen (h-2k) and b10.br (h-2k) mice but not in those of balb/c mice (h-2d). focally produced cytokines can contribute to antimicrobial defense against these organisms. high levels ... | 1997 | 9194042 |
| [antibacterial therapy as a means of preventing ixodid tick-borne borreliosis]. | a special epidemiological experiment to prevent borreliosis in persons bitten by infected ticks was performed in 1992-1994 in the russia's perm region where borrelia garinii and b.afzelii circulate, and ixodes persulcatus tick is the sole vector transmitting these pathogens to human beings. adult ticks were removed from the bodies of persons who had referred to health facilities for first aid. vital preparations were made from the material obtained from the gut of each tick and examined microsco ... | 1996 | 8926931 |
| [present status of lyme borreliosis and characterization of lyme disease borrelia isolated in japan]. | lyme disease is a multisystemic disorder caused by infection with borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato which is carried by ticks of the ixodes ricinus complex. the agent was discovered in 1982 in north america and the disease is recognized as an emerging infectious diseases in north america and europe. japanese borrelia isolates were characterized by genetic and immunologic analysis. isolates from ixodes ovatus were found to be unique by dna/dna hybridization analysis, restriction fragment length pol ... | 1997 | 9248350 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of nlph, encoding a novel, surface-exposed, polymorphic, plasmid-encoded 33-kilodalton lipoprotein of borrelia afzelii. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato organisms, comprising b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii, are tick-borne pathogens causing lyme borreliosis in humans. to identify putative virulence determinants, a b. afzelii dna library was screened for congo red dye binding, a property associated with virulence in pathogenic bacteria. one clone was found to carry a 663-nucleotide-long open reading frame encoding a congo red dye-binding protein with a calculated molecular mass ... | 1996 | 8932298 |
| characterization of borrelia garinii isolated from lyme disease patients in hokkaido, japan, by sequence analysis of ospa and ospb genes. | the outer surface proteins ospa and ospb genes of clinical borrelia garinii isolates (jem1-8) from hokkaido, japan were sequenced. one strain, jem4, has a single ospa gene which is similar to european b. garinii strains pbr (sequence homology value: 94.1%) and t25 (91.2%). five of the other seven strains exhibit a homologous c-terminus (300 bp) on both ospa and ospb genes (88.7-97.3%). the other two strains seem to be derived from the five strains by ospa or ospb alterations. in a phylogenetic a ... | 1997 | 9311136 |
| immunization with a polyvalent ospa vaccine protects mice against ixodes ricinus tick bites infected by borrelia burgdorferi ss, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii. | sequence variability of the outer surface protein (osp) a among borrelia burgdorferi sl species suggests that a monovalent ospa vaccine may not protect against the various borrelia present in eurasia. here, we confirmed that a monovalent recombinant ospa (rospa) vaccine does not protect mice against ixodes ricinus mediated infection with b. burgdorferi ss, borrelia garinii and borrelia afzelii. however, when mice were vaccinated with a cocktail of various rospa from these three species, they wer ... | 1997 | 9330467 |