| the complete amino acid sequence of both subunits of c-phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the amino acid sequences of both subunits of the c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus have been determined. the alpha-chain consists of 162 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 18000, whereas the beta-chain consists of 172 residues and has a molecular weight of 19400. for the first three quarters of their length the polypeptide chains are 31% homologous, whereas there is no significant homology in the final quarter up to the c-terminus. this cou ... | 1978 | 103794 |
| properties of allophycocyanin ii and its alpha- and beta-subunits from the thermophilic blue--green alga mastigocladus laminosus. | purified allophycocyanin ii and its subunits have been examined with respect to spectroscopic properties, sedimentation, reconstitution and isoelectric behaviour. in 0.02m-potassium phosphate buffer, ph8.0, and at a concentration of 0.25mg/ml, allophycocyanin ii and its alpha- and beta-subunits show visible absorption maxima at 650, 615 and 615nm respectively, whereas the fluorescence emission maxima were determined to be at 662, 640 and 630nm respectively. the absorption difference spectrum (di ... | 1979 | 117797 |
| isolation and characterization of a coupling factor i atpase of the thermophilic blue-green alga (cyanobacterium) mastigocladus laminosus. | | 1979 | 157885 |
| similar c-phycocyanins from two strains of thermotolerant cyanophyte mastigocladus laminousus. | c-phycocyanin from two strains of the thermotolerant blue-green alga, mastigocladus laminosus (nz-db2-m and i-30-m), that grow within different temperature ranges have been characterized with respect to aggregation, immunologic properties, subunit composition, and thermodenaturation. the critical thermal-denaturation temperature for phycocyanin from both strains of m. laminosus phycocyanin is 60 degrees c which is higher than that for mesophilic phyococyanin. immunodiffusion studied have shown t ... | 1977 | 406021 |
| phycobilisome structure in the cyanobacteria mastigocladus laminosus and anabaena sp. pcc 7120. | phycobilisomes of the cyanobacteria mastigocladus laminosus and anabaena sp. pcc7120 differ from typical tricylindrical, hemidiscoidal phycobilisomes in three respects. firstly, size comparisons of the core-membrane linker phycobiliproteins (lcm) in different cyanobacteria by sds/page reveal an apparent molecular mass of 120 kda for the lcm of m. laminosus and anabaena sp. pcc7120. this observation suggests that the polypeptides of these species have four linker-repeat domains. secondly, phycobi ... | 1992 | 1577008 |
| structure of the genes encoding the rod-core linker polypeptides of mastigocladus laminosus phycobilisomes and functional aspects of the phycobiliprotein/linker-polypeptide interactions. | the 3' portion of the cpc operon in mastigocladus laminosus encloses the genes 5'-cpcf-cpcg1-cpcg2-cpcg3 3'. the three cpcg genes encode different phycocyanin-associated rod-core linker polypeptides of the phycobilisomes with predicted 279, 247 and 254 amino acids in length. the gene products cpcg show a high similarity at their n-terminal domains (190 amino acids) and an overall identity of 47-53% to one another. each of the three cpcg polypeptides is highly related to one of the four cpcg gene ... | 1992 | 1577010 |
| isolation, crystallization, crystal structure analysis and refinement of constitutive c-phycocyanin from the chromatically adapting cyanobacterium fremyella diplosiphon at 1.66 a resolution. | constitutive phycocyanin from cyanobacterium fremyella diplosiphon (calothrix sp. pcc 7601) grown in green light, has been isolated and crystallized. the crystals belong to the space group r3 with cell constants a = b = 180.26 a, c = 61.24 a, alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. the crystal structure has been determined by patterson search techniques using the molecular model of c-phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium agmenellum quadruplicatum. the asymmetric unit of the crystal cell co ... | 1991 | 1899708 |
| monomeric and trimeric forms of photosystem i reaction center of mastigocladus laminosus: crystallization and preliminary characterization. | photosystem i (psi) reaction centers (rcs) of the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were purified and characterized. the psi rc was obtained in two forms, monomeric and trimeric. the two forms contained the same number of pigments per p700 and displayed similar photochemical activities. the two forms had nearly identical polypeptide subunit compositions; the only observed difference was an additional subunit of about 12 kda observed in the trimeric form. the purified preparatio ... | 1991 | 1905020 |
| orientation and linear dichroism of mastigocladus laminosus phycocyanin trimer and nostoc sp. phycocyanin dodecamer in stretched poly(vinyl alcohol) films. | the linear dichroism (ld) spectra of the c-phycocyanin (c-pc) trimer disks oriented in poly(vinyl alcohol) films (pva) at room temperature and at 95 k were determined. utilizing the known atomic coordinates of the chromophores (schirmer, t., bode, w. and huber, r. (1987) j. mol. biol. 196, 677-695) and theoretical estimates of the orientations of the transition dipole moments relative to the molecular framework, the ld spectra were simulated using the pairwise exciton interaction model of sauer ... | 1991 | 1905956 |
| refined three-dimensional structure of phycoerythrocyanin from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus at 2.7 a. | the structure of the phycobiliprotein phycoerythrocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus has been determined at 2.7 a resolution by x-ray diffraction methods on the basis of the molecular model of c-phycocyanin from the same organism. hexagonal phycoerythrocyanin crystals of space group p6(3) with cell constants a = b = 156.86 a, c = 40.39 a, alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees are almost isomorphous to c-phycocyanin crystals. the crystal structure has bee ... | 1990 | 2106585 |
| genes encoding both subunits of phycoerythrocyanin, a light-harvesting biliprotein from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | phycocyanin (pc) and phycoerythrocyanin (pec) are light-harvesting components of the phycobilisome (pbs) from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. these two biliproteins are closely related, and show a particularly high degree of sequence homology in the c-terminal part of their beta-subunits. a 198-bp gene fragment encoding this region of pc from m. laminosus was therefore used as a heterologous hybridization probe to identify the genes coding for pec from the same organism. a 1.7-kb hin ... | 1990 | 2121619 |
| expression of a gene encoding a novel ferredoxin in the cyanobacterium synechococcus 6301. | a gene was discovered in the cyanobacterium synechococcus 6301 that encodes a protein highly related to members of the [2fe-2s] ferredoxin family found in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. it follows a cluster of seven genes encoding subunits of the cyanobacterial atp synthase complex. it is transcribed as a monocistronic mrna of 408 nucleotide residues. transcription starts at a site 55 bp upstream of the initiator methionine codon. transcriptional initiation and termination signals with sequence ... | 1988 | 2843173 |
| the use of nickel to probe the role of hydrogen metabolism in cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation. | the hydrogenase activities of the heterocystous cyanobacteria anabaena cylindrica and mastigocladus laminosus are nickel dependent, based on their inability to consume hydrogen with various electron acceptors or produce hydrogen with dithionite-reduced methyl viologen, after growth in nickel-depleted medium. upon addition of nickel ions to nickel-deficient cultures of a. cylindrica, the hydrogenase activity recovered in a manner which was protein synthesis-dependent, the recovery being inhibited ... | 1986 | 3089304 |
| crystal structure analysis and refinement at 2.5 a of hexameric c-phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium agmenellum quadruplicatum. the molecular model and its implications for light-harvesting. | the crystal structure of the light-harvesting protein-pigment complex c-phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium agmenellum quadruplicatum has been determined by patterson search techniques on the basis of the molecular model of c-phycocyanin from mastigocladus laminosus. the crystal unit cell (space group p321) contains three (alpha beta)6 hexamers centred on the crystallographic triads. the hexamer at the origin of the unit cell exhibits crystallographic 32 point symmetry. the other two hexamers (i ... | 1986 | 3090271 |
| linker polypeptides of the phycobilisome from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. i. isolation and characterization of phycobiliprotein-linker-polypeptide complexes. | phycobilisomes from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus cultured in white and red light were isolated and compared with respect to the phycoerythrocyanin (pec) and linker polypeptide contents. it was verified that the production of pec is induced by low light intensities. a pec complex, (alpha pec beta pec)6lr34.5,pec, and a phycocyanin (pc) complex, (alpha pc beta pc)6lr34.5,pc, were isolated from phycobilisomes by cellex-d anion exchange chromatography and sucrose density gradient centr ... | 1986 | 3092840 |
| linker polypeptides of the phycobilisome from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. ii. amino-acid sequences and functions. | the complete primary structure of an 80-residue linker polypeptide, lr(c)8.9, from the phycobilisome of the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus was determined as well as the 44 n-terminal residues of the two linker polypeptides lr34.5,pec and lr34.5,pc and the 114 c-terminal residues of lr34.5,pec. a brief description of the structure determination and an extensive discussion of the relationships of these polypeptides have been published recently (füglistaller, p., suter, f. & zuber, h. (1985 ... | 1986 | 3092841 |
| the complete amino-acid sequence of c-phycoerythrin from the cyanobacterium fremyella diplosiphon. | the amino-acid sequences of both subunits of c-phycoerythrin from the cyanobacterium fremyella diplosiphon have been determined. the alpha-subunit contains 164 amino acid residues, two phycoerythrobilin (peb) chromophores and has a molecular mass of 18,368 da (protein: 17,192 da + 2 peb, one peb accounting for 588 da). the beta-subunit consists of 184 residues, three peb chromophores and has a molecular mass of 20,931 da (protein: 19,168 da and 3 peb: 1,764 da). the five peb chromophores (open c ... | 1986 | 3092842 |
| characterization of the motile hormogonia of mastigocladus laminosus. | the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus produces motile hormogonia which move by gliding motility. these hormogonia were characterized in terms of their morphology, state of differentiation of the cells, optimal temperature for production and motility, minimal nutritional requirements to sustain motility, liberation of the hormogonium from its parental trichome, average surface velocity, and maximal concentration of agar through which the hormogonium may move. we found that an average hormogo ... | 1987 | 3098731 |
| the phycobiliprotein beta 16.2 of the allophycocyanin core from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. characterization and complete amino-acid sequence. | the minor phycobiliprotein beta 16.2 was isolated from the apc-core of phycobilisomes from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. its complete amino-acid sequence and some spectral characteristics are presented. beta 16.2 consists of 169 amino acids and its molecular mass is 19,390 da. a phycocyanobilin chromophore is covalently bound to a cysteine at position 84 as in all other phycobiliproteins. the first 138 amino acids are highly homologous to the n-terminal part of beta ap (62.5%), whe ... | 1987 | 3103645 |
| allophycocyanin complexes of the phycobilisome from mastigocladus laminosus. influence of the linker polypeptide l8.9c on the spectral properties of the phycobiliprotein subunits. | the following phycobiliproteins and complexes of the allophycocyanin core were isolated from phycobilisomes of the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus: alpha ap, beta ap, (alpha ap beta ap), (alpha ap beta ap)3, (alpha ap beta ap)3l8.9c, (alpha apb alpha ap2 beta ap3)l8.9c. the six proteins and complexes were characterised spectroscopically with respect to absorption, oscillator strength, extinction coefficient, fluorescence emission, relative quantum yield, fluorescence emission ... | 1987 | 3111493 |
| crosslinking of phycobiliproteins from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus with bis-imidates: localization of an intrasubunit and an intersubunit crosslink in c-phycocyanin. | the light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes allophycocyanin (ap), c-phycocyanin (pc) and phycoerythrocyanin (pec) of the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus consist of alpha- and beta-subunits containing about 170 amino-acid residues each. these two subunits form an alpha,beta-monomer, three of which build up a disc-shaped trimer. in this study these phycobiliproteins were crosslinked with bis-imidates. various spacer lengths of the reagent and various aggregation states of the phycobilipr ... | 1987 | 3118901 |
| refined three-dimensional structures of two cyanobacterial c-phycocyanins at 2.1 and 2.5 a resolution. a common principle of phycobilin-protein interaction. | the crystal structure of the light-harvesting protein-pigment complex c-phycocyanin (c-pc) from mastigocladus laminosus (at 2.1 a resolution (1 a = 0.1 nm] has been refined by energy-restrained least-squares methods to a conventional r-factor of 21.7%. in the same way, the crystal structure of c-pc from agmenellum quadruplicatum has been refined further (2.5 a, r = 18.4%); pyrrole rings c and d of the chromophore at position a84 have been corrected with respect to the previously reported structu ... | 1987 | 3119857 |
| isolation and localization of n4-methylasparagine in phycobiliproteins from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the occurrence of post-translationally methylated asparagine residues in beta ap from anabaena variabilis, synechococcus pcc 6301 and porphyridium cruentum has recently been reported (klotz, a.v., leary, j.a. & glazer, a.n. (1986) j. biol. chem. 261, 15891-15894). we reinvestigated the amino-acid compositions of all phycobiliproteins from mastigocladus laminosus. during total hydrolysis of beta ap, beta 16.2 and beta pc one mol methylamine per mol protein was released. these proteins were chemic ... | 1987 | 3122783 |
| significance of braided trichomes in the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | loops and braids in filaments of the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were observed. braided filaments were generally in the form of a right-handed helix (87%) but were occasionally observed as left-handed helices (13%). it was demonstrated by time-lapse photomicrography that braids continued to grow as braids and that loops coiled into braids as growth proceeded. measurements of the distance between grooves in 74 braids yielded an average distance of 13 +/- 3 micron, a result which sugges ... | 1988 | 3127375 |
| phycocyanin aggregation. a small angle neutron scattering and size exclusion chromatographic study. | the influence of environmental factors on the aggregation properties of phycocyanin from synechocystis 6701 was studied by small angle neutron scattering and high-pressure size-exclusion liquid chromatography. phycocyanin was found to exist in a reversible equilibrium between the monomer, trimer and hexamer forms. the distribution of the protein between these oligomers is determined by the ph, buffer composition and ionic strength of the medium, and protein concentration. phycocyanin was in a st ... | 1988 | 3398049 |
| effect of nitrogen starvation on the morphology and ultrastructure of the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the effects of nitrogen starvation on the morphology and ultrastructure of the branching, filamentous cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were examined with light and electron microscopy. the internal ultrastructural characteristics of vegetative cells changed markedly during nitrogen starvation. carboxysomes were degraded, while polyphosphate bodies and lipid bodies accumulated. the ultrastructure of mature heterocysts was also affected by nitrogen starvation; their intracytoplasmic membrane ... | 1985 | 3918986 |
| determination of the protein content of crystals formed by mastigocladus laminosus c-phycocyanin, chroomonas spec. phycocyanin-645 and modified human fibrinogen using an improved ficoll density gradient method. | we demonstrated for several protein crystals of known protein content that the simple ficoll density gradient method for crystal density determination as described by westbrook (1976) often leads to quite erroneous results. in particular, the apparent density of loosely packed crystals can show a tremendous change within the first minutes of measurement. in order to derive the correct protein content the apparent crystal density must be followed as a function of time and has to be extrapolated b ... | 1985 | 3924073 |
| x-ray crystallographic structure of the light-harvesting biliprotein c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus and its resemblance to globin structures. | the structure of the biliprotein c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus has been determined at 3 a resolution by x-ray diffraction methods. phases have been obtained by the multiple isomorphous replacement method. the electron density map could be improved by solvent flattening and has been interpreted in terms of the amino acid sequence. the protein consists of three identical (alpha-beta)-units which are arranged around a threefold symmetry axis to form a di ... | 1985 | 3928897 |
| linker polypeptides of the phycobilisome from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus: amino-acid sequences and relationships. | three linker polypeptides of the phycobilisome from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were isolated: a 8.9-kda polypeptide, l8.9r(c), which is probably associated with c-phycocyanin, a 34.5-kda polypeptide, l34.5,pcr, which forms a complex with c-phycocyanin, and a 34.5-kda polypeptide, l34.5,pecr, which is linked to phycoerythrocyanin. the complete amino-acid sequence (80 residues) of the l8.9r(c) polypeptide was determined as well as the n-terminal 44 residues of both l34.5r polypepti ... | 1985 | 3933528 |
| crystallization of phycoerythrocyanin from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus and preliminary characterization of two crystal forms. | the light-harvesting protein phycoerythrocyanin from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus cohn has been crystallized in two different crystal forms by vapour diffusion. in 5% (w/v) polyethylene glycol at ph 8.5, hexagonal crystals of space group p63 with cell constants a = b = 158 a, c = 40.6 a were obtained, which turned out to be almost isomorphous with the hexagonal crystals of c-phycocyanin from the same organism. consequently, the conformation of both phycobiliproteins must be very si ... | 1985 | 3935798 |
| isolation and characterization of allophycocyanin ii from the thermophilic blue-green alga mastigocladus laminosus cohn. | | 1974 | 4215676 |
| chromophore-containing peptide sequences in c-phycocyanin from mastigocladus laminosus. | | 1972 | 4630459 |
| a new method for identification of heterocysts and proheterocysts in morphologically complex cyanobacteria. | a new light microscopic method for identifying heterocysts and proheterocysts in morphologically complex cyanobacteria was evaluated for reliability and usefulness. mature heterocysts and proheterocysts could be distinguished readily from vegetative cells in 0.25 micron sections of fixed and embedded material after staining with toluidine blue. examination by light and electron microscopy of the same specimens indicated that the staining reactions which served to differentiate these cell types w ... | 1984 | 6207642 |
| a new sequence-specific endonuclease from a thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus. | | 1980 | 6244195 |
| the complete amino-acid sequence of both subunits of phycoerythrocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the amino-acid sequences of both subunits of phycoerythrocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus have been determined. the alpha-subunit consists of 162 amino-acid residues and has a molecular mass of 18200 da. the beta-subunit is 171 residues long and has a molecular mass of 19600 da. the tetrapyrrole chromophores are bound at position 84 in the alpha- and beta-subunits and at position 155 in the beta-subunit. the homology between the two subunits is 21%. the homolog ... | 1983 | 6411579 |
| heterocyst differentiation in the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the morphological and ultrastructural aspects of heterocyst differentiation in the branching, filamentous cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were examined with light and electron microscopy. the earliest differentiation stages involved cytoplasmic changes, including (i) rapid degradation of carboxysomes, (ii) degradation of polysaccharide granules, and (iii) accumulation of electron-dense ribosomal or protein material (or both). intermediate differentiation stages involved synthesis of a hom ... | 1984 | 6420391 |
| influence of growth temperature on structure, thermostability and kinetic properties of the atpase coupling factor af1 of a thermophilic blue-green alga (cyanobacterium). | the coupling factor af1 isolated from cells of the thermophilic blue-green alga mastigocladus laminosus grown at 40 degrees c, 50 degrees c and 60 degrees c is investigated and compared with the chloroplast coupling factor cf1. it is demonstrated that the structure of af1 is affected by the growth temperature. the af1 from 60 degrees c shows a split alpha-band in dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which is not observed in af1 from 40 degrees c or from 50 degrees c. only the af1 fr ... | 1981 | 6456904 |
| the complete amino acid sequence of both subunits of allophycocyanin, a light harvesting protein-pigment complex from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | the amino acid sequences of the alpha- and beta-subunit of allophycocyanin, a water-soluble light-harvesting protein-pigment complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus have been determined. the alpha-chain consists of 160 amino acid residues and the beta-chain of 161 amino acid residues. the homology of the alpha- and beta-chains is 37%. a comparison with c-phycocyanin reveals that the second chromophore of the c-phycocyanin beta-subunit is attached to an inserted pepti ... | 1981 | 6792029 |
| hydrogenase activity in the thermophile mastigocladus laminosus. | | 1982 | 6810892 |
| amino acid sequence of chlorogloeopsis fritschii ferredoxin: taxonomic and evolutionary aspects. | the amino acid sequence of chlorogloeopsis fritschii ferredoxin was determined for its carboxymethylated derivative by using solid-phase sequencing, fragmentation with various enzymes, and manual edman degradation procedures. the ferredoxin was composed of 98 amino acid residues and lacked methionine and tryptophan. the sequence was as follows: ala-thr-tyr-lys-val-thr-leu-ile-asn-asp-ala-glu- gly-leu-asn-gln-thr-ile-glu-val-asp-asp-asp-thr-tyr-ile-leu-asp-ala-ala-glu- glu-ala-gly-leu-asp-leu-pro ... | 1982 | 6818222 |
| deconvolution of c-phycocyanin beta-84 and beta-155 chromophore absorption and fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | absorption and fluorescence spectra of the c-phycocyanin beta-subunit were quantitatively deconvoluted into component spectra of the beta-84 and beta-155 chromophores. the deconvolution procedure was based on a theoretical treatment of polarization properties. four kinds of spectra (absorption, emission, emission polarization, and excitation polarization) measured on c-phycocyanin isolated from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were used as the experimental data set. without any assumpt ... | 1995 | 7787035 |
| reconstitution of an allophycocyanin trimer complex containing the c-terminal 21-23 kda domain of the core-membrane linker polypeptide lcm. | allophycocyanin (ap) was isolated from extracts of the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. a fraction enriched in ap-associated polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 21-23 kda in sds-page, was isolated on a preparative scale and identified as a homologous mixture of c-terminal fragments of the core-membrane linker polypeptide lcm. the complex (alpha ap beta ap)3.21-23 kda was reconstituted and characterized by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, absorption, fluorescence em ... | 1994 | 8060459 |
| reconstitution of the core complex (alpha beta)3apclc8.9 of the phycobilisome from mastigocladus laminosus using the lc8.9 linker polypeptide overexpressed in escherichia coli. | the apcc gene from mastigocladus laminosus encodes the linker polypeptide lc8.9 located in the phycobilisome core. a t7 rna polymerase expression system was used to express the linker polypeptide lc8.9 from m. laminosus in escherichia coli. the apcc gene product was expressed as an inclusion body which was solubilized in a buffer containing 8m urea. final purification was achieved by ion exchange chromatography on fractogel tsk cm 650 (s). in addition, a method for preparative isolation of the l ... | 1993 | 8216894 |
| study of energy transfer in the antenna system isolated from mastigocladus laminosus cohn. | phycobilisomes oriented in stretched polymer films exhibit anisotropy of absorption and fluorescence. up to now it was not clear in which way, by the deformation of their shape or by orientation of undeformed phycobilisome disk, this anisotropy of chromophore absorption and emission is reached. the photographs of two different kind of phycobilisomes obtained from cyanobacteria tolypothrix tenuis and mastigocladus laminosus were taken using a fluorescence microscope. from these photographs follow ... | 1993 | 8250936 |
| structure of the 16 s ribosomal rna of the thermophilic cyanobacterium chlorogloeopsis htf ('mastigocladus laminosus htf') strain pcc7518, and phylogenetic analysis. | the thermophilic cyanobacterial strain, pcc7518, originally identified as 'mastigocladus laminosus htf' does not show branchings or heterocysts. the absence of branchings supports the later assignment to the genus chlorogloeopsis. the absence of heterocysts may be the result of a mutation because heterocysts were observed in the original isolate. alternatively, contamination may have happened. to solve this problem, the 16 s rrna sequence was determined and used to infer a secondary structure mo ... | 1993 | 8428640 |
| core substructure in phycobilisomes of red algae. ii. the central part of the tricylindrical core--apcm--a constituent of hemidiscoidal phycobilisomes of rhodella violacea. | the central part of the tricylindrical core of phycobilisomes from rhodella violacea was isolated by hydroxylapatite adsorption chromatography followed by density gradient centrifugation. in the electron microscope negatively stained apcm complexes showed a tricylindrical face view with an edge length of 20 to 24 nm and a thickness of 9 to 10 nm in profile view. these complexes had a m(r) of 900,000, and a sedimentation coefficient 24s. the fluorescence emission maximum at room temperature lay a ... | 1993 | 8462596 |
| isolation, characterization and electron microscopy analysis of a hemidiscoidal phycobilisome type from the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. pcc 7120. | in this work we present the characterization of a hemidiscoidal phycobilisome type of the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium anabaena sp. pcc 7120. the phycobilisome of this organism contains allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrocyanin, similar to the closely related thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. intact phycobilisomes exhibit an absorption maximum at 619 nm and two fluorescence maxima at 664 nm and 680 nm, corroborating the presence of a complete energy pathyway alo ... | 1996 | 8665889 |
| identification by nmr spectroscopy of oligosaccharides obtained by acidolysis of the capsular polysaccharides of a thermal biomass. | this study deals with the chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide (cps) produced by a thermal biomass largely comprising the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. the sugar moiety of this polymer is composed of seven neutral monosaccharides (rha, fuc, ara, xyl, man, glc, gal) and two uronic acids (gala, glca). proteins represent 18% of the dry weight of the cps. organic acid substituents (acetate, pyruvate, succinate) were also detected and estimated by high-performance liquid c ... | 1995 | 8789345 |
| z,e isomerization of the alpha-84 phycoviolobilin chromophore of phycoerythrocyanin from mastigocladus laminosus investigated by fourier-transform infrared difference spectroscopy. | the photoreaction of the phycoviolobilin (pvb) chromophore-containing part of phycoerythrocyanin (pec) from mastigocladus laminosus was investigated by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir). difference spectra between the parent states p566 and p507 were obtained in 1h2o and 2h2o for the first time. the spectra are generally characterised by large changes in the range between 1710 and 1590 cm(-1) and by a strong difference band around 1270 cm(-1). in order to study the influence on the ... | 1997 | 9037189 |
| structural characterization of three aldobiuronic acids derived from the capsular polysaccharide produced by the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | this study deals with the chemical characterization of a capsular polysaccharide (cps) produced by a thermal biomass formed by the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. acid hydrolysis performed on the purified polysaccharide has led to the isolation of several acid-resistant oligosaccharides. two of them have already been reported and assigned as: alpha - glca - (1 --> 2) - alpha - gala - (1 --> 2) - man. and alpha - glca - (1 --> 2) - alpha - gala - (1 --> 2) - beta - man - (1 --> 4) - beta ... | 1997 | 9283019 |
| isolation of full-length rna from a thermophilic cyanobacterium. | isolation of full-length mrna without degradation is critical in the study of in vivo gene regulation and transcription, cdna synthesis and reverse transcription (rt)-pcr. it is particularly difficult to isolate full-length mrna from thermophiles, which have higher turnover rates of mrna degradation. mastigocladus laminosus is a thermophilic heterocystous cyanobacterium. the assay of m. laminosus cell lysates showed that rnase activity was high and was resistant to the conventional guanidine thi ... | 1997 | 9383558 |
| stoichiometrically bound beta-carotene in the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis protects against oxygen damage. | the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis carries out "dark reactions" of electron transfer that link the light-driven reactions of the reaction centers, and coupled proton transfer that generates part of the electrochemical potential utilized for atp synthesis. in contrast to the bc1 complex of the respiratory chain, with which there are many structural and functional homologies, the b6f complex contains bound pigment molecules. along with the specifically bound chlorophyll a previo ... | 1999 | 9880536 |
| structural analysis at 2.2 a of orthorhombic crystals presents the asymmetry of the allophycocyanin-linker complex, ap.lc7.8, from phycobilisomes of mastigocladus laminosus. | an electrophoretically purified allophycocyanin-linker complex, ap. lc7.8, from phycobilisomes of mastigocladus laminosus has been crystallized in the orthorhombic space group p212121. cryocrystallographic x-ray measurements enabled the structural analysis of the complex at a resolution of 2.2 a. the asymmetric unit contains two side-to-side associated "trimeric" (alphabeta)3 allophycocyanin complexes comprising the linker polypeptide in a defined orientation inside the trimer. the linker repres ... | 1999 | 9990029 |
| structural features and assembly of the soluble overexpressed psad subunit of photosystem i. | psad is a peripheral protein on the reducing side of photosystem i (ps i). we expressed the psad gene from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus in escherichia coli and obtained a soluble protein with a polyhistidine tag at the carboxyl terminus. the soluble psad protein was purified by ni-affinity chromatography and had a mass of 16716 da by maldi-tof. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the overexpressed psad matched the n-terminal sequence of the native psad from m. lamino ... | 1999 | 10076011 |
| capsular polysaccharide produced by the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. structural study of an undecasaccharide obtained by lithium degradation. | the capsular polysaccharide produced by the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus has been subjected to a specific degradation with lithium in ethylenediamine. the released undecasaccharide attached to one unit of tetrahydroxycyclopentanecarboxylic acid has been characterized by a combination of 2d nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, monosaccharidic composition and linkage analyses. from the overlap of the structure of this oligosaccharide with previously id ... | 1999 | 10583369 |
| novel activity of a phycobiliprotein lyase: both the attachment of phycocyanobilin and the isomerization to phycoviolobilin are catalyzed by the proteins pece and pecf encoded by the phycoerythrocyanin operon. | the structure of phycoviolobilin, the photoactive chromophore of alpha-phycoerythrocyanin, is incompatible with a chromophore ligation to the apoprotein via sh-addition (cysteine) to a delta3, 3(1)-double bond of the phycobilin. the two putative phycoerythrocyanin lyase genes of mastigocladus laminosus, pece and pecf, were overexpressed in escherichia coli. their action has been studied on the addition reaction of phycocyanobilin to apo-alpha-phycoerythrocyanin (peca). in the absence of the comp ... | 2000 | 10708746 |
| phototrophs in high iron microbial mats: microstructure of mats in iron-depositing hot springs. | chocolate pots hot springs in yellowstone national park are high in ferrous iron, silica and bicarbonate. the springs are contributing to the active development of an iron formation. the microstructure of photosynthetic microbial mats in these springs was studied with conventional optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. the dominant mats at the highest temperatures (48-54 degrees c) were composed of synechococcus and chloroflexus or pseudanaba ... | 2000 | 10858577 |
| an insight into the assembly and organization of photosystem i complex in the thylakoid membranes of the thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus. | the present study characterizes the assembly and organization of photosystem i (psi) complex, and its individual subunits into the thylakoid membranes of the thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus. psi is a multiprotein complex that contains peripheral as well as integral subunits. hence, it serves as a suitable model system for understanding the formation and organization of membrane protein complexes. in the present study, two peripheral cytosol facing subunits of psi, namely, ps ... | 2000 | 11355627 |
| ferredoxin:nadp+ oxidoreductase is a subunit of the chloroplast cytochrome b6f complex. | purified detergent-soluble cytochrome b6f complex from chloroplast thylakoid membranes (spinach) and cyanobacteria (mastigocladus laminosus) was highly active, transferring 300-350 electrons per cyt f/s. visible absorbance spectra showed a red shift of the cytochrome f alpha-band and the qy chlorophyll a band in the cyanobacterial complex and an absorbance band in the flavin 450-480-nm region of the chloroplast complex. an additional high molecular weight (m(r) approximately 35,000) polypeptide ... | 2001 | 11483610 |
| allophycocyanin 1 as a near-infrared fluorescent tracer: isolation, characterization, chemical modification, and use in a homogeneous fluorescence resonance energy transfer system. | allophycocyanin 1 (apc1), isolated from mastigocladus laminosus, retains the same (alpha-beta)(3) trimeric structure as allophycocyanin (apc), but incorporates a peptide linker in its core leading to a 28% increase in its fluorescence quantum yield compared to apc. moreover, apc1 exhibits an unexpectedly good stability at very low concentrations, at extreme phs, or diluted in a low ionic strength medium whereas, under the same conditions, apc dissociates into an (alpha-beta) monomer, indicating ... | 2001 | 11554719 |
| chromophore attachment to biliproteins: specificity of pece/pecf, a lyase-isomerase for the photoactive 3(1)-cys-alpha 84-phycoviolobilin chromophore of phycoerythrocyanin. | pece and pecf, the products of two phycoerythrocyanin lyase genes (pece and pecf) of mastigocladus laminosus (fischerella), catalyze two reactions: (1) the regiospecific addition of phycocyanobilin (pcb) to cys-alpha 84 of the phycoerythrocyanin alpha-subunit (peca), and (2) the delta 4-->delta 2 isomerization of the pcb to the phycoviolobilin (pvb)-chromophore [zhao et al. (2000) febs lett. 469, 9-13]. the alpha-apoprotein (peca) as well pece and pecf were overexpressed from two strains of m. l ... | 2001 | 11591166 |
| structure of c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium synechococcus vulcanus at 2.5 a: structural implications for thermal stability in phycobilisome assembly. | the crystal structure of the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein, c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium synechochoccus vulcanus has been determined by molecular replacement to 2.5 a resolution. the crystal belongs to space group r32 with cell parameters a=b=188.43 a, c=61.28 a, alpha=beta=90 degrees, gamma=120 degrees, with one (alphabeta) monomer in the asymmetric unit. the structure has been refined to a crystallographic r factor of 20.2 % (r-free factor is 24.4 %), for all data to ... | 2001 | 11601847 |
| the assembly of the psad subunit into the membranal photosystem i complex occurs via an exchange mechanism. | psad is a peripheral stromal-facing subunit of photosystem i (psi), a multisubunit complex of the thylakoid membranes. psad plays a major role in both the function and assembly of psi. past studies with radiolabeled psad indicated that psad is able to assemble in vitro specifically into the psi complex. to unravel the mechanism by which this assembly takes place, the following steps were taken. (i) mature psad of spinach and psad of the prokaryotic caynobacterium mastigocladus laminosus, both be ... | 2001 | 11669611 |
| c-phycocyanin from the thermophilic blue-green alga mastigocladus laminosus, isolation, characterization and subunit composition. | | 1972 | 11946395 |
| the stable assembly of newly synthesized psae into the photosystem i complex occurring via the exchange mechanism is facilitated by electrostatic interactions. | photosystem i (psi) is a photochemically active membrane protein complex that functions at the reducing site of the photosynthetic electron-transfer chain as plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase. psae, a peripheral subunit of the psi complex, plays an important role in the function of psi. psae is involved in the docking of ferredoxin/flavodoxin to the psi complex and also participates in the cyclic electron transfer around psi. the molecular characterization of the assembly of newly synthesiz ... | 2002 | 12220184 |
| characterization of phycoviolobilin phycoerythrocyanin-alpha 84-cystein-lyase-(isomerizing) from mastigocladus laminosus. | cofactor requirements and enzyme kinetics have been studied of the novel, dual-action enzyme, the isomerizing phycoviolobilin phycoerythrocyanin-alpha84-cystein-lyase(pvb-pec-lyase) from mastigocladus laminosus, which catalyses both the covalent attachment of phycocyanobilin to peca, the apo-alpha-subunit of phycoerythrocyanin, and its isomerization to phycoviolobilin. thiols and the divalent metals, mg2+ or mn2+, were required, and the reaction was aided by the detergent, triton x-100. phosphat ... | 2002 | 12230566 |
| purification, crystallization, nmr spectroscopy and biochemical analyses of alpha-phycoerythrocyanin peptides. | the alpha-phycoerythrocyanin subunits of the different phycoerythrocyanin complexes of the phycobilisomes from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus perform a remarkable photochemistry. similar to phytochromes - the photoreceptors of higher plants - the spectral properties of the molecule reversibly change according to the irradiation wavelength. to enable extensive analyses, the protein has been produced at high yield by improving purification protocols. as a result, several comparative st ... | 2002 | 12383264 |
| full subunit coverage liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (lcms+) of an oligomeric membrane protein: cytochrome b(6)f complex from spinach and the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | highly active cytochrome b(6)f complexes from spinach and the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus have been analyzed by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (lcms+). both size-exclusion and reverse-phase separations were used to separate protein subunits allowing measurement of their molecular masses to an accuracy exceeding 0.01% (+/-3 da at 30,000 da). the products of peta, petb, petc, petd, petg, petl, petm, and petn were detected in complexes from both spin ... | 2002 | 12438564 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of ferredoxin isolated from thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | ferredoxins are soluble iron-sulfur proteins that are involved in numerous electron-transfer reactions. plant-type ferredoxins, which carry a single [2fe-2s] cluster, serve as the electron acceptors of photosystem i. the ferredoxin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus has unique thermostable properties. the isolated protein is active at temperatures of higher than 338 k. the gene encoding the ferredoxin from m. laminosus was subcloned into an expression vector and overpro ... | 2003 | 12657796 |
| [catalysis of lyase-isomerase pece/pecf for several apophycobiliproteins]. | phycoerythrocyanin(pec) lyase-isomerase pece/pecf from mastigocladus laminosus is the specific enzyme for biosynthesis of pec alpha-subunit(alpha-pec). in this work, the specificity of pece/pecf on substrate apoproteins was reported. pece/pecf could catalyse the reconstitution of phycocyanobilin(pcb) with apoproteins of alpha-pec from two different subspecies of mastigocladus laminosus, as well the site-directed mutated apoprotein of alpha-pec with trp at 128 to phe in vitro, but could not catal ... | 2002 | 12674640 |
| a defined protein-detergent-lipid complex for crystallization of integral membrane proteins: the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis. | the paucity of integral membrane protein structures creates a major bioinformatics gap, whose origin is the difficulty of crystallizing these detergent-solubilized proteins. the problem is particularly formidable for hetero-oligomeric integral membrane proteins, where crystallization is impeded by the heterogeneity and instability of the protein subunits and the small lateral pressure imposed by the detergent micelle envelope that surrounds the hydrophobic domain. in studies of the hetero (eight ... | 2003 | 12702760 |
| [the structure and biogeochemical activity of the phototrophic communities from the bol'sherechenskii alkaline hot spring]. | microbial communities growing in the bed of the alkaline, sulfide hot spring bol'sherechenskii (the baikal rift area) were studied over many years (1986-2001). the effluent water temperature ranged from 72 to 74 degrees c, ph was from 9.25 to 9.8, and sulfide content was from 12 to 13.4 mg/ml. simultaneous effects of several extreme factors restrict the spread of phototrophic microorganisms. visible microbial fouling appears with a decrease in the temperature to 62 degrees c and in the sulfide c ... | 2003 | 12751248 |
| structure of the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis: tuning the cavity. | the cytochrome b6f complex provides the electronic connection between the photosystem i and photosystem ii reaction centers of oxygenic photosynthesis and generates a transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient for adenosine triphosphate synthesis. a 3.0 angstrom crystal structure of the dimeric b6f complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus reveals a large quinone exchange cavity, stabilized by lipid, in which plastoquinone, a quinone-analog inhibitor, and a novel he ... | 2003 | 14526088 |
| evolution of photosynthesis: time-independent structure of the cytochrome b6f complex. | structures of the cytochrome b(6)f complex obtained from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus and the green alga chlamydomonas reinhardtii, whose appearance in evolution is separated by 10(9) years, are almost identical. two monomers with a molecular weight of 110,000, containing eight subunits and seven natural prosthetic groups, are separated by a large lipid-containing "quinone exchange cavity". a unique heme, heme x, that is five-coordinated and high-spin, with no strong f ... | 2004 | 15147175 |
| purification and crystallization of the cytochrome b6f complex in oxygenic photosynthesis. | the cytochrome b6f complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus and spinach chloroplasts has been purified as a dimeric species. it was found by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy to contain eight and nine subunits, respectively, and dimeric masses of 217,070 and 286,454 da. the subunits common to the complex from both sources are peta (cytochrome f), b (cytochrome b6), c (rieske iron-sulfur protein), d (subunit iv), and small 3.2-4.2 kda polypeptides petg,l,m, and ... | 2004 | 15187270 |
| the inhibitor dbmib provides insight into the functional architecture of the qo site in the cytochrome b6f complex. | previously [roberts, a. g., and kramer, d. m. (2001) biochemistry 40, 13407-13412], we showed that 2 equiv of the quinone analogue 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropylbenzoquinone (dbmib) could occupy the q(o) site of the cytochrome (cyt) b(6)f complex simultaneously. in this work, a study of electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra from the oriented cyt b(6)f complex shows that the rieske iron-sulfur protein (isp) is in distinct orientations, depending on the stoichiometry of the inhibitor at ... | 2004 | 15196013 |
| molecular control of a bimodal distribution of quinone-analogue inhibitor binding sites in the cytochrome b(6)f complex. | the 3.0-3.1a x-ray structures of the cytochrome b(6)f complex from mastigocladus laminosus and chlamydomonas reinhardtii obtained in the presence of the p-side quinone-analogue inhibitor tridecyl-stigmatellin (tds) are very similar. a difference occurs in the p-side binding position of tds. in c.reinhardtii, tds binds in the ring-in mode, as previously found for stigmatellin in x-ray structures of the cytochrome bc(1) complex. in this mode, the h-bonding chromone ring moiety of the tds bound in ... | 2004 | 15522300 |
| characterization of the high-spin heme x in the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis. | x-ray structures at 3.0-3.1 a resolution of the cytochrome b(6) f complex from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus [kurisu, g., zhang, h., smith, j. l., and cramer, w. a. (2003) science 302, 1009-1014] and the green alga chlamydomonas reinhardtii [stroebel, d., choquet, y., popot, j.-l., and picot, d. (2003) nature 426, 413-418] showed the presence of a unique heme, hemex, that is covalently linked by a single thioether bond to a cys residue (cys35) on the electrochemically negative (n) s ... | 2004 | 15610027 |
| amino acid residues associated with enzymatic activities of the isomerizing phycoviolobilin-lyase pece/f. | pece and pecf jointly catalyze the covalent attachment of phycocyanobilin to cys-alpha84 of peca and its concomitant isomerization to phycoviolobilin. (a) an eschertchia coli supernatant expressing pecf has a residual activity of 6%; compared to the holoenzyme, this activity is lost upon purification. (b) functional domains of both subunits from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus were evaluated by mutageneses and chemical modification of amino acids. when in pece the two motifs y29yaawwl ... | 2005 | 15924432 |
| structural basis for the thermostability of ferredoxin from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | plant-type ferredoxins (fds) carry a single [2fe-2s] cluster and serve as electron acceptors of photosystem i (psi). the ferredoxin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus displays optimal activity at 65 degrees c. in order to reveal the molecular factors that confer thermostability, the crystal structure of m.laminosus fd (mfd) was determined to 1.25 a resolution and subsequently analyzed in comparison with four similar plant-type mesophilic ferredoxins. the topologies of t ... | 2005 | 15961101 |
| binding sites of lipophilic quinone and quinone analogue inhibitors in the cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis. | the main structural features of the cytochrome b6f complex, solved to 3.0-3.1 a (1 a = 10(-10) m) in the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus and the green alga chlamydomonas reinhardtii are discussed. the discussion is focused on the binding sites of plastoquinone and quinone analogue inhibitors discerned in the structure. these sites mark the pathway(s) of quinone translocation across the complex. | 2005 | 16246011 |
| nitrogen fixation by thermophilic blue-green algae (cyanobacteria): temperature characteristics and potential use in biophotolysis. | thermophilic, nitrogen-fixing, blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) were investigated for use in biophotolysis. three strains of mastigocladus laminosus were tested and were found to be equally effective in biophotolysis as judged by nitrogenase activity. the alga, m. laminosus nz-86-m, which was chosen for further study, grew well in the temperature range from 35 to 50 degrees c, with optimum growth at 45 degrees c, at which temperature acetylene reduction activity was also greatest. the maximum to ... | 1979 | 16345353 |
| hydrogen production by the thermophilic alga mastigocladus laminosus: effects of nitrogen, temperature, and inhibition of photosynthesis. | hydrogen production by nitrogen-limited cultures of a thermophilic blue-green alga (cyanobacterium), mastigocladus laminosus, was studied to develop the concept of a high-temperature biophotolysis system. biophotolytic production of hydrogen by solar radiation was also demonstrated. hydrogen consumption activity in these cultures was relatively high and is the present limiting factor on both the net rate and duration of hydrogen production. | 1979 | 16345432 |
| intraprotein transfer of the quinone analogue inhibitor 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone in the cytochrome b6f complex. | details are presented of the structural analysis of the cytochrome b(6)f complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus, in the presence of the electrochemically positive (p)-side quinone analogue inhibitor, 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropylbenzoquinone (dbmib). one dbmib binding site was found. this site is peripheral to the quinone binding space defined by the binding sites of other p-side inhibitors previously resolved in cytochrome bc(1)/b(6)f complexes. this high-affin ... | 2006 | 16371475 |
| chromophore attachment in phycocyanin. functional amino acids of phycocyanobilin--alpha-phycocyanin lyase and evidence for chromophore binding. | covalent attachment of phycocyanobilin (pcb) to the alpha-subunit of c-phycocyanin, cpca, is catalysed by the heterodimeric pcb : cpca lyase, cpce/f [fairchild cd, zhao j, zhou j, colson se, bryant da & glazer an (1992) proc natl acad sci usa89, 7017-7021]. cpce and cpcf of the cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus pcc 7603, form a 1 : 1 complex. lyase-mutants were constructed to probe functional domains. when in cpce (276 residues) the n terminus was truncated beyond the r33yyaawwl motif, or ... | 2006 | 16519690 |
| "living electrode" as a long-lived photoconverter for biophotolysis of water. | living blue-green algae (mastigocladus laminosus), immobilized on an sno(2) optically transparent electrode with calcium alginate, functioned as an anodic photoelectrode on continuous illumination for periods of time adequate for use in a conventional electrochemical cell. this "living electrode" shows promise of use as a long-lived photoconverter of solar radiant energy to electric energy and as a suitable replacement for unstable chloroplast systems. | 1980 | 16592817 |
| photosystem i reaction center from the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | photosystem i reaction center was isolated from the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. it contained four different subunits with molecular masses (as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gels) of about 70,000 (subunit i), 16,000 (subunit ii), 11,000 (subunit iii), and 10,000 (subunit iv) daltons. the purified reaction center contained about 100 chlorophyll a molecules per p(700); however, they could be readily depleted down to about 50 chlorophyll a per p(700) without loss in the photochemi ... | 1983 | 16593284 |
| molecular population genetics and phenotypic diversification of two populations of the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | we investigated the distributions of genetic and phenotypic variation for two yellowstone national park populations of the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium mastigocladus (fischerella) laminosus that exhibit dramatic phenotypic differences as a result of environmental differences in nitrogen availability. one population develops heterocysts and fixes nitrogen in situ in response to a deficiency of combined nitrogen in its environment, whereas the other population does neither due to the availabi ... | 2006 | 16597984 |
| oxidation of c-type cytochromes by the membrane-bound cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome aa(3)) of blue-green algae. | respiratory particles containing an aa(3)-type cytochrome oxidase were prepared from anacystis nidulans, synechocystis 6714, synechococcus lividus, anabaena variabilis, nostoc sp. strain mac, nostoc muscorum, and mastigocladus laminosus. oxidation of c-type cytochromes by membrane preparations of the different blue-green algae was observed using purified cytochromes from horse heart, candida krusei, tuna, saccharomyces oviformis, rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodospirillum molischianum, rhodopseudomon ... | 1982 | 16662253 |
| transmembrane traffic in the cytochrome b6f complex. | crystal structures and their implications for function are described for the energy transducing hetero-oligomeric dimeric cytochrome b6f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus, and the green alga, chlamydomonas reinhardtii. the complex has a cytochrome b core and a central quinone exchange cavity, defined by the two monomers that are very similar to those in the respiratory cytochrome bc1 complex. the pathway of quinol/quinone (q/qh2) tra ... | 2006 | 16756511 |
| consequences of the structure of the cytochrome b6f complex for its charge transfer pathways. | at least two features of the crystal structures of the cytochrome b6f complex from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, mastigocladus laminosus and a green alga, chlamydomonas reinhardtii, have implications for the pathways and mechanism of charge (electron/proton) transfer in the complex: (i) the narrow 11 x 12 a portal between the p-side of the quinone exchange cavity and p-side plastoquinone/quinol binding niche, through which all q/qh2 must pass, is smaller in the b6f than in the bc1 complex bec ... | 2006 | 16787635 |
| [biogeochemical processes in the algal-bacterial mats of the urinskii alkaline hot spring]. | the structure and production characteristics of microbial communities from the urinskii alkaline hot spring (buryat republic, russia) have been investigated. a distinctive characteristic of this hot spring is the lack of sulfide in the issuing water. the water temperature near the spring vents ranged from 69 to 38.5 degrees c and ph values ranged from 8.8 to 9.2. the total mineralization of water was less than 0.1 g/liter. temperature has a profound effect on the species composition and biogeoch ... | 2006 | 17091594 |
| biogenic black crusts on buildings in unpolluted environments. | samples of peeling black crusts from modern and historic buildings in campeche, mexico, from a gravestone on the island of dom khon, lao, and from the anglican cathedral in belize city were analyzed microbiologically, by scanning electron microscopy plus electron dispersive spectroscopy (eds) and for pigment composition. in all cases, the surface was covered by a thick mat of cyanobacteria with dark brown sheaths. these were filamentous organisms of the genera scytonema or fischerella/mastigocla ... | 2007 | 17211538 |
| measuring the force production of the hormogonia of mastigocladus laminosus. | the cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus forms hormogonia, which glide slowly away from the parent colony by extruding slime out of nozzles. using video microscopy, we observed hormogonia embedded in and moving through 1-4% agar solutions with an average velocity of 0.5 microm/s. agar is non-newtonian and is subject to shear-thinning so that its viscosity greatly increases at low shear rates. we measured the viscosity of these agar solutions at the very low shear rates appropriate for gliding ... | 2007 | 17483165 |
| phylogeography of the thermophilic cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus. | we have taken a phylogeographic approach to investigate the demographic and evolutionary processes that have shaped the geographic patterns of genetic diversity for a sample of isolates of the cosmopolitan thermophilic cyanobacterial mastigocladus laminosus morphotype collected from throughout most of its range. although m. laminosus is found in thermal areas throughout the world, our observation that populations are typically genetically differentiated on local geographic scales suggests the ex ... | 2007 | 17557856 |
| the occurrence and biosynthesis of gamma-linolenic acid in a blue-green alga,spirulina platensis. | the acyl-lipid and fatty acid composition of six blue-green algae, namely,spirulina platensis, myxosarcina chroococcoides, chlorogloea fritschii, anabaena cylindrica, anabaena flos-aquae, and mastigocladus laminosus is reported.all contain major proportions of mono-and digalactosyl diglyceride, sulfoquinovosyl diglyceride, and phosphatidyl glycerol, but none possess lecithin, phophatidyl ethanolamine, or phosphatidyl inositol. trans-3-hexadecenoic acid was absent from all extracts.the analyses p ... | 1968 | 17805841 |
| bioactive capsular polysaccharide from the thermophilic cyanophyte/cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus - cytotoxic properties. | the capsular polysaccharide produced by the thermophilic blue green alga/cyanobacterium mastigocladus laminosus was tested for its cytotoxic activity against the a431 human epidermoid carcinoma cell line. this polysaccharide inhibited the proliferation of a431 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an ic (50) value of 50 microg ml (-1). in addition, this polysaccharide strongly inhibited a431 cell migration and invasion. preliminary experiments showing that secretion of metalloproteinases mmp2 an ... | 2007 | 17924311 |
| unfolding of c-phycocyanin followed by loss of non-covalent chromophore-protein interactions 1. equilibrium experiments. | optical spectroscopic properties of the covalently linked chromophores of biliproteins are profoundly influenced by the state of the protein. this has been used to monitor the urea-induced denaturation of c-phycocyanin (cpc) from mastigocladus laminosus and its subunits. under equilibrium conditions, absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism of the chromophores were monitored, as well as the circular dichroism of the polypeptide. treatment of cpc trimers (alphabeta)3 resulted first in mono ... | 2008 | 18036334 |
| characterization of true-branching cyanobacteria from geothermal sites and hot springs of costa rica. | costa rica is at the centre of the mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot. little is known about cyanobacteria from this region so far. here, four isolates of the order stigonematales (section v) were characterized in a polyphasic approach. all strains were isolated from geothermal sites and hot springs of costa rica. however, one of them, identified as westiellopsis sp. ar73, did not grow at more than 40 degrees c. based on its identical 16s rrna to several previously isolated westiellopsis sp. and ... | 2008 | 18093164 |
| photosynthetic regeneration of atp using a strain of thermophilic blue-green algae. | photosynthetic atp accumulation was shown in the presence of exogenous adp plus orthophosphate on illumination to the intact cells of a strain of thermophilic blue-green algae isolated from matsue hot springs, mastigocladus sp. kinetic studies of various effectors on the atp accumulation proved that the atp synthesis depends mainly on the cyclic photophosphorylation system around photosystem i (ps-i) in the algal cells. the temperature and ph optima for the accumulation were found at 45 degrees ... | 1982 | 18546304 |