| diversity patterns in helminth communities in common gulls, larus canus. | the parameters of species richness, abundance and diversity of the intestinal helminth infracommunities of a sample of 269 common gulls, larus canus, were examined over one season at agdenes, norway. the communities developed rapidly in unfledged gulls and the diversity parameters were of similar magnitude in immature and adult birds. all parameters were low in the early part of the season, reached maxima in june or july and fluctuated erratically or declined thereafter. comparison of summary pa ... | 1989 | 2771449 |
| some effects of population density in infections of diphyllobothrium dendriticum (nitzsch) in golden hamster (mesocricetus auratus waterhouse) and common gull (larus canus l.). | | 1974 | 4417091 |
| residues of dde and pcb in eggs from herrring gull (larus argentatus) and common gull (larus canus) in norway. | | 1971 | 5003194 |
| [on the comparative osteogenesis in gallus domesticuls l., larus ridibundus l. and larus canus l. 3. bone development of gallus domesticus l. and larus ridibundus l]. | | 1968 | 5671978 |
| avian wildlife reservoir of campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, yersinia spp., and salmonella spp. in norway. | cloacal swabs from 540 wild-living birds were cultured for campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, yersinia spp., and salmonella spp. the carrier rates detected were as follows: c. fetus subsp. jejuni, 28.4%; yersinia spp., 1.2%; and salmonella spp., 0.8%. all birds were apparently healthy when captured. c. fetus subsp. jejuni was isolated from 11 of the 40 bird species examined. among birds inhabiting the city of oslo, the highest isolation rate was found in crows (corvus corone cornix) (89.8%), fol ... | 1983 | 6338824 |
| occurrence of influenza a viruses and their antibodies in migratory birds in finland. | a finnish material of 455 cloacal specimens from 24 species of small migratory birds and of 54 cloacal specimens from 10 species of waterfowl was investigated for the occurrence of a type influenza virus. influenza a virus was isolated in only one specimen, originating from a mallard (anas platyrhynchos). parallely, yolk material from 109 waterfowl representing 9 species was investigated for the occurrence of influenza a antibodies by complement fixation and immunodiffusion tests. in three yolk ... | 1980 | 7232144 |
| salmonella contamination of the environment and its incidence in wild birds. | in 1984-1991, the incidence of salmonellas was studied in wild birds from various sites in the czech republic. on an agricultural farm with salmonellosis in calves, salmonellae were isolated from eight birds (seven passer domesticus, one serinus serinus) of 31 birds examined. on various agricultural farms with no salmonellosis in farm animals, salmonellae were found in two birds (columba livia f. domestica) of 2186 birds examined. of 35 birds caught at a municipal waste-dump site, salmonellae we ... | 1994 | 7839754 |
| [a delay in the development of hearing and a shift in the leading afferentation in the early behavioral ontogeny of birds]. | development of auditory sensitivity was studied by recording microphonic component of cochlear potentials during the period of opening the eyes in 6 species of birds with different types of ontogeny (anas plathyrynchos, larus canus and l. argentatus, sterna paradisaea, coloeus monedula and corvus frugeleus). the onset of opening the eyes is accompanied by a delay in development of auditory sensitivity and temporary decrease of upper frequency limit of the audible range. before such a delay acous ... | 1994 | 7879454 |
| fluoride exposure and selected characteristics of eggs and bones of the herring gull (larus argentatus) and the common gull (larus canus). | fluorine concentrations were determined in the shell of 285 herring gull eggs (larus argentatus) and 120 common gull eggs (larus canus), collected may 1991 to 1993, from breeding colonies exposed to emissions from two norwegian primary aluminum smelters located at karmøy and sunndal, and from unexposed reference localities in eigersund, sola, and stavanger. volume-index, shell thickness, thickness-index, and fertilization of the eggs also were monitored. in both species, the shell fluorine conce ... | 1996 | 8722255 |
| similarities and differences between the massive eel (anguilla anguilla l.) devastations that occurred in lake balaton in 1991 and 1995. | in the past few years, two massive eel (anguilla anguilla l.) devastations occurred in lake balaton, hungary. in 1991, 300 tons of eel perished in the western basin of the lake, while in the summer of 1995 30 tons of eel died in the eastern part of the lake. investigations carried out to find the causes of these ecocatastrophes included measurements of certain biochemical parameters: the blood sugar level, and the acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.2.3), ... | 1997 | 9212331 |
| the contribution of a pyrethroid insecticide to the massive eel (anguilla anguilla) devastation, in lake balaton, in 1995. | in the summer of 1995, 30 tonnes of eel (anguilla anguilla) died in lake balaton, hungary. an investigation was carried out to find the causes of this ecocatastrophe. during this investigation, certain biochemical parameters, i.e. the blood sugar level, the acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.2.3), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (got, ec 2.6.1.1), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (gpt, ec 2.6.1.2) activities in the blood serum of the collected survivin ... | 1999 | 10574437 |
| an evaluation of marine bird population trends following the exxon valdez oil spill, prince william sound, alaska. | we examined post-spill trends (1989-1998) of marine bird populations in prince william sound (pws) following the exxon valdez oil spill (evos) to evaluate recovery of injured taxa. two criteria were employed. first, we examined population trends of injured taxa only in the oiled area of pws using regression models. second, we examined population trends of injured taxa in the oiled area relative to the unoiled area using homogeneity of the slopes tests. we considered a population recovering if th ... | 2001 | 11381751 |
| [taxonomic status of the trematoda larvae of the himasthla genus (trematoda: echinostomatidae) from the littorina saxatilis mollusk in the kandalaksha bay of the white sea]. | in the kandalaksha bay (white sea), the experiments have been carried out to study the life cycle of the larval trematodes of the genus himasthla (dietz, 1909) from the intertidal whelk littorina saxatilis. it has been established that the blue mussel, mytilus edulis, is the second intermediate host for this species. the seagull larus canus is the final host. the species has been identified as himasthla elongata. | 2001 | 11547439 |
| foot-and-mouth disease: susceptibility of domestic poultry and free-living birds to infection and to disease--a review of the historical and current literature concerning the role of birds in spread of foot-and-mouth disease viruses. | ruminants and pigs are the dominant natural hosts of food-and-mouth disease (fmd) viruses. approximately 70 additional mammalian species are found to be susceptible under natural or experimental conditions. reptilia, amphibia, and fish are probably naturally resistant to infection. according to the reviewed literature, domestic birds (chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, ducks and geese) have been experimentally infected with some strains of fmd viruses and may develop lesions suggestive of fmd such ... | 2002 | 12395578 |
| [characteristic of high pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype h5n1 isolated from common gull (larus canus)]. | to study biological characteristics of h5n1 influenza virus isolated from common gull on south of west siberia in 2006. | 2010 | 20218341 |
| molecular and epidemiological characterization of avian influenza viruses from gulls and dabbling ducks in norway. | wild aquatic birds constitute the natural reservoir for avian influenza viruses (aivs). separate eurasian and american aiv gene pools exist. here, the prevalence and diversity of aivs in gulls and dabbling ducks in norway were described. the influence of host species and temporal changes on aiv prevalence was examined. five aivs from norway, including three from common gull (larus canus), were analyzed along with 10 available aiv genomes from gulls in eurasia to search for evidence of intraconti ... | 2013 | 23575317 |
| experimental infection and pathology of clade 2.2 h5n1 virus in gulls. | during 2006, h5n1 hpai caused an epizootic in wild birds, resulting in a die-off of laridae in the novosibirsk region at chany lake. in the present study, we infected common gulls (larus canus) with a high dose of the h5n1 hpai virus isolated from a common gull to determine if severe disease could be induced over the 28 day experimental period. moderate clinical signs including diarrhea, conjunctivitis, respiratory distress and neurological signs were observed in virus-inoculated birds, and 50% ... | 2016 | 26243601 |
| [experimental infection caused by influenza a (h5n1) virus in common gull (larus canus)]. | the influenza a/common gull/chany/p/2006 (hsn1) virus strain isolated from a clinically healthy common gull (larus canus) caused no death of its natural host (a common gull). the virus was shown to be capable for effective replication in the tissues of the lung, spleen, and upper respiratory tract and in the intestinal mucosal cells of the common gull with further environmental virus liberation elimination along with mucinous discharges from the cloaca and fauces for 2 weeks. the potential role ... | 2016 | 23248859 |
| mercury in feathers and blood of gulls from the southern baltic coast, poland. | gulls were assessed as sentinels of contamination in the coastal zone of the southern baltic, research material being obtained from dead birds collected on polish beaches and near fishing ports in 2009-2012. in feathers and blood of four gull species: herring gull (larus argentatus), common gull (larus canus), black-headed gull (chroicocephalus ridibundus), and great black-backed gull (larus marinus), concentration of total mercury (hgt) was assayed, taking into account the type of feathers, sex ... | 2017 | 28344366 |
| variation in the markers of nutritional and oxidative state in a long-lived seabird: associations with age and longevity. | age-related declines in life-history traits have been widely observed in free-living animals. several theories link senescence to oxidative stress. the aim of this study was to measure several widely used markers of oxidative and nutritional state in a long-lived seabird, the common gull (larus canus), in order to assess the suitability of these markers for describing deterioration in physiological condition associated with chronological age and survival. associations with longevity and individu ... | 2016 | 27617362 |
| species differences in total mercury concentration in gulls from the gulf of gdansk (southern baltic). | aquatic birds occupy a high position in the trophic pyramid of the baltic sea. this means that they accumulate the greatest amount of harmful substances, including mercury, in their bodies. this element penetrates into their systems mainly via the alimentary canal. the amount of mercury absorbed from food depends on how badly the environment is polluted with this metal. the aim of this study was to discover the concentrations of total mercury (hgt) in the contour feathers, muscles, brain, lungs, ... | 2016 | 26653750 |
| morphological studies of the pineal gland in the common gull (larus canus) reveal uncommon features of pinealocytes. | the avian pineal is a directly photosensory organ taking part in the organization of the circadian and seasonal rhythms. it plays an important role in regulation of many behavior and physiological phenomena including migration. the aim of the study was to investigate morphology of the pineal organ in the common gull (larus canus). the light and electron microscopic studies were performed on the pineals of juvenile birds living in natural conditions of the baltic sea coast, which have been untrea ... | 2012 | 22262668 |
| mercury concentration in 3 species of gulls, larus ridibundus, larus minutus, larus canus, from south coast of the caspian sea, iran. | in this study, the mercury concentrations of liver, breast feathers and tail feathers in three species of gull; black-headed gull (larus ridibundus), common gull (larus canus) and little gull (larus minutus) from the south coast of the caspian sea in iran were assayed. mercury accumulation in liver, breast feathers and tail feathers of species were 1.69-3.16, 2.88-7.18 and 2.09-5.66 mg/kg, respectively. mercury concentration hierarchy in tissues we tested was as follows: breast feather > tail fe ... | 2010 | 20424818 |
| exploring plasticity in the wild: laying date-temperature reaction norms in the common gull larus canus. | exploration of causal components of plasticity is important for insight into evolutionary dynamics and an organism's ability to respond to climate change. among individuals, variation in plasticity can be due to genotype-environment interaction (gxe) or a result from environmental effects associated with an individual. we investigated plasticity for laying date in the common gulls larus canus, using data collected in estonia during 37 years (n=11624 records on 2262 females, with 472 relatives). ... | 2008 | 18211880 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls in diseased lesser black-backed gull (larus fuscus fuscus) chicks from the gulf of finland. | diseases due to the degeneration of the liver and various other internal organs were the major cause of the exceedingly high chick mortality in lesser black-backed gulls (larus fuscus fuscus) in the central gulf of finland, baltic sea, during 1991-1993. the same symptoms were found in chicks of common gulls (larus canus) and herring gulls (larus argentatus) from the same focal area, although at a much lower frequency. we found disproportionately high concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls ( ... | 2000 | 15093008 |
| genetic affinities within the herring gull larus argentatus assemblage revealed by aflp genotyping. | to date, the taxonomic status of circumpolar breeding populations of the herring gull larus argentatus, the lesser black-backed gull larus fuscus, and the closely related yellow-legged gull larus cachinnans has been based on differences or similarities in phenotype, morphology, and feeding and premating behavior. to shed some new light on the many taxonomic uncertainties surrounding these taxa, we describe the results of a large dna study based on comparing the distribution of 209 biallelic mark ... | 2001 | 11139298 |
| adoption of chicks and the level of relatedness in common gull, larus canus, colonies: dna fingerprinting analyses. | in common gull colonies on islands of the vistula river, poland, adoption of chicks is common. in 1997, we observed 81 chicks from 35 nests. of these, 19 (23.4%) left their natal broods and were adopted by other pairs. another 11 (31.4%) were driven from the foreign territory by the owners. foreign chicks were adopted by 15 pairs (42.9%). eleven pairs (31.4%) drove foreign chicks from the territory. to test if the frequent adoptions in these colonies could be explained by kin selection or the oc ... | 2000 | 10675251 |
| bird blood as bioindicator for mercury in the environment. | mercury concentrations were studied in blood, down and feathers of common gull (larus canus l.) to investigate the suitability of bird blood as a matrix for biomonitoring of mercury in the marine environment. chicks were collected in 1996 on the elbe river and the jade bay. like the side feathers, blood indicated site differences in mercury contamination. correlational analyses showed that mercury concentrations in blood are significantly related to levels in side feathers (p < 0.001; pearson), ... | 1999 | 10581697 |
| [the development of the subfornical organ in the common gull larus canus l]. | | 1968 | 4908492 |
| residues of chlorinated pesticides in the eggs of karelian birds, 1989-90. | eggs (n = 52) of four aquatic bird species (larus canus, larus argentatus, larus ridibundus, sterna hirundo) and crow (corvus cornix), collected in southern karelia in 1989 and 1990, contained dde and lindane. the highest mean levels of these pollutants were in herring gull eggs and in common tern eggs. the lowest mean levels of pesticides were in crow eggs. in all eggs, dde concentrations were lower than the critical threshold and it seems, cannot influence reproductive success. | 1995 | 15091609 |
| [heterochronicity in the development of hearing in birds during ontogenesis]. | studies have been made on the development of hearing in the jackdaw coloeus monedula and sea-gulls larus canus and l. argenatus, by means of recording microphonic component of the cochlear potential under chronic experimental conditions. special attention was paid to changes in the regions of maximum sensitivity of the microphonic component during avian growth. it was shown that the range of the perceived frequencies at the beginning of functioning of the auditory analyser coincides completely w ... | 2006 | 735600 |
| [on comparative osteogenesis of gallus domesticus l., larus ridibundus l. and larus canus l. iv. growth of bones of larus canus l. (conclusion)]. | | 1968 | 5705506 |
| [on comparative osteogenesis of gallus domesticus l., larus ridibundus l. and larus canus l. ii. timely appearance of ossifications in larus ridibundus l. and larus canus l]. | | 1967 | 5597019 |
| [on comparative osteogenesis of gallus domesticus l., larus ridibundus l. and larus canus l. i. time of appearance of ossifications in gallus domesticus l]. | | 1967 | 5586873 |
| helminth communities in audouin's gulls, larus audouinii from chafarinas islands (western mediterranean). | a survey of intestinal helminth communities of audouin's gulls larus audouinii, from their breeding colonies in chafarinas islands, western mediterranean, spain was conducted to determine the abundance and species diversity of intestinal parasites of these birds. the sample of 58 gulls harbored intestinal helminth infracommunities composed of species that are gull generalists, including the digeneans cardiocephalus longicollis, knipowitschiatrema nicolai, condylocotyla pilodora, and aporchis mas ... | 1999 | 10577744 |
| macroanatomic, light, and electron microscopic examination of pecten oculi in the seagull (larus canus). | the present study was conducted to determine macroanatomic characteristic as well as light and electron microscopic examination (sem) of pecten oculi and totally 20 bulbus oculi belonging to 10 seagulls (larus canus) were used. pecten oculi formations consisted of 18 to 21 pleats and their shape looked like a snail. apical length of the pleats forming pecten oculi were averagely measured as 5.77 ± 0.56 mm, retina-dependent base length was 9.01 ± 1.35 mm and height was measured as 6.4 ± 0.62 mm. ... | 2017 | 28295892 |
| first record of cosmocephalus obvelatus (acuariidae) in common gulls (larus canus) from gangneung, korea. | a nematode species belonging to the genus cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, larus canus. the common gulls were found dead on the seaside of gangneung city, the republic of korea. the worms were identified and classified by light (lm) and scanning electron microscopy (sem) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. the nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anast ... | 2015 | 25748715 |
| skin pentosidine and telomere length do not covary with age in a long-lived seabird. | the questions about why and how senescence occurs in the wild are among the most pertinent ones in evolutionary ecology. telomere length is a commonly used marker for aging, while other biomarkers of aging have received considerably less attention. here we studied how another potent indicator of aging-skin pentosidine concentration-relates to age and blood telomere length in a long-lived seabird with well-documented reproductive senescence. we found no associations between telomere length, skin ... | 2015 | 25726322 |
| the rate of ageing in a long-lived bird is not heritable. | a senescent decline in performance occurs in late age in many organisms, and is thought to be partly due to additive genetic effects. here annual fitness, estimated as the age-specific sum of survival and reproduction, was used to test for genetic variance in ageing in a population of common gulls, larus canus. data on 3986 individuals collected over a 34-year period indicate a dramatic senescent decline in late life. we also find that annual fitness is heritable and that individuals vary in the ... | 2010 | 19773809 |
| "hidden" reproductive conflict between mates in a wild bird population. | environmental conditions experienced by a female prior to reproducing may be influenced by her mate. part of such an indirect effect of a male on his partner's reproduction may be genetic (indirect genetic effect). however, a female's direct and a male's indirect genetic effects need not align. we analyzed 10,652 records of seasonal timing of laying, an important reproductive trait in many organisms, of 1864 male and 1916 female common gulls larus canus collected during 37 years. we show that th ... | 2008 | 18616571 |
| reproductive success in presenescent common gulls (larus canus): the importance of the last year of life. | survival selection against individuals of inferior quality (measured as breeding success) has been proposed to account for the increase in average reproductive success with advancing age in presenescent birds. this so-called selection hypothesis relies on quality-dependent survival. in the present breeding performance study of common gulls, larus canus, this assumption was not verified. in particular, omitting the last breeding year from the analysis resulted in the disappearance of the correlat ... | 2004 | 15451696 |
| time-related predator/prey interactions between birds and fish in a northern swedish river. | seasonal and diel activity patterns of mergansers, gulls, and terns along a river in northern sweden were documented, as were those of their fish prey. the seasonal and diel activity patterns of goosandersmergus merganser and gulls (larus canus, l. argentatus, andl. fuscus) were closely related to that of the river lampreylampetra fluviatilis. during the peak spawning of the river lamprey, birds showed a nocturnal peak in fishing activity. during the summer solstice, birds were active for 24 h. ... | 1989 | 23494338 |
| [on the problem of the development of the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve in the gull, larus canus l]. | | 1965 | 5892567 |
| [the embryonal development of the adrenal glands in the sea gull (larus canus l.)]. | | 1964 | 14311506 |
| age-dependent expression of cancer-related genes in a long-lived seabird. | studies of model animals like mice and rats have led to great advances in our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis, but this line of study has less to offer for understanding the mechanisms of cancer resistance. increasing the diversity of nonmodel species from the perspective of molecular mechanisms of natural cancer resistance can lead to new insights into the evolution of protective mechanisms against neoplastic processes and to a wider understanding of natural cancer defense mechani ... | 2020 | 32821278 |
| uropygial gland size: a marker of phenotypic quality that shows no senescence in a long-lived seabird. | studies of senescence in the wild have traditionally focused on traits like survival or fecundity. although efforts to measure other salient phenotypic traits and markers of relevant physiological processes are rapidly increasing, traits related to self-maintenance remain understudied in the context of aging. uropygial or preen gland is a holocrine gland, exclusive to birds, directly linked to self-maintenance of the quality of plumage. we measured the size of uropygial glands of common gulls (l ... | 2019 | 30415295 |
| age-specific patterns of maternal investment in common gull egg yolk. | while the general patterns of age-specific changes in reproductive success are quite well established in long-lived animals, we still do not know if allocation patterns of maternally transmitted compounds are related to maternal age. we measured the levels of yolk testosterone, carotenoids and vitamins a and e in a population of known-aged common gulls (larus canus) and found an age-specific pattern in yolk lutein and vitamin a concentrations. middle-aged mothers allocated more of these substanc ... | 2018 | 29997189 |