| pathobiology of cryptosporidiosis (c. baileyi) in broiler chickens. | pathologic and clinicopathologic changes were examined in broiler chickens inoculated with cryptosporidium baileyi (cb) alone or in combination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) or escherichia coli (ec). concurrent infections with cb and either ibv or ec resulted in a greater respiratory inflammatory response than either agent given alone. concurrent cb, ibv or ec infections resulted in a decreased density of respiratory cryptosporidial stages. no int ... | 1991 | 1667932 |
| the first finding of cryptosporidium baileyi in man. | oocysts of cryptosporidia whose morphology and measurements corresponded with those of the species cryptosporidium baileyi were found in the stool of an immunodeficient patient. in autopsy material, cryptosporidia were found in the esophagus, whole intestine, trachea, larynx, lungs, and gall and urinary bladders. none of the 69 suckling mice inoculated with this isolate developed cryptosporidial infection. infection was successful in 26 chickens inoculated perorally and 6 others subjected to int ... | 1991 | 1825238 |
| a technique for typing cryptosporidium isolates. | antigens extracted from cryptosporidium oocysts, which had been purified from faeces or chick egg culture, were electrophoresed in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, and blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes. a cryptosporidium genus-specific monoclonal antibody mab-c1 bound to multiple bands using several detection techniques, and these corresponded to bands detected using immune rabbit antisera. using a detection system with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labelled mab-c1 and alkalin ... | 1991 | 1818185 |
| [isolation and identification of cryptosporidium from various animals in korea. iii. identification of cryptosporidium baileyi from korean chicken]. | each of spf chicken (hi-line strain, 2-day-old males) was inoculated with 2.5 or 5 x 10(4) oocysts by stomach tube. the oocyst was the medium type of cryptosporidium previously isolated from korean chicken origin, and passed in 2-day-old spf chicken. the patterns of oocyst discharge were monitored daily, and in order to observe the ultrastructure of the developmental stages, the bursa of fabricius of the chicken was examined by transmission electron microscopy (tem) on the 12th day postinoculati ... | 1991 | 1804296 |
| analysis of oocyst wall and sporozoite antigens from three cryptosporidium species. | a comparison was made of the antigenic composition of oocyst walls and sporozoites from cryptosporidium baileyi from turkeys, c. muris from rodents, and c. parvum from ruminants, employing immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. in immunoblotting, oocyst antigens were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting (immunoblotting) and detected with rabbit polyclonal anti-c. muris or -c. parvum antibodies or murine monoclonal antibodies developed agains ... | 1992 | 1548074 |
| age-dependent resistance to cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens. | the age-dependent aspects of resistance to cryptosporidium baileyi were studied in chickens orally inoculated with c. baileyi oocysts at 1 and 9 wk of age. the prepatent period was significantly shorter and the patency was significantly longer in younger birds. chickens infected at 1 wk of age excreted 3 times the number of oocysts excreted by those inoculated at 9 wk of age. there was a good correlation between the length of the patent period and the total oocyst output of chickens. these resul ... | 1995 | 7472892 |
| antigenic characterization of human isolates of cryptosporidia. | isolates of cryptosporidia from immunodeficient patients and from immunocompetent children suffering from diarrhoea were sources for preparation of antigens. altogether, antigens from 21 isolates were obtained, 19 from children and 2 from aids patients. with one exception, all children were under 4 years old and most of them were between 1 and 2 years old. the probable source of infection was found in 11 cases. in 8 cases, as well as in both aids patients, the source of infection was not determi ... | 1993 | 8013932 |
| potentiation of ionophorous anticoccidials with duokvin: battery trials against cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens. | three battery tests, employing 444 arbor acres chickens, were conducted to study the anticryptosporidial efficacy of the polyether ionophorous anticoccidials alone and in combination with a new dihydroquinoline antioxidant, duokvin. the following efficacy percentages for the ionophores at the recommended level were established on the basis of oocyst output: lasalocid 45, monensin 37, semduramicin 29, narasin 23, and maduramicin and salinomycin 21. the efficacy of the ionophores, with the excepti ... | 1995 | 7472873 |
| correlation of circulating antibody and cellular immunity with resistance against cryptosporidium baileyi in broiler chickens. | the correlation of circulating antibody and cell-mediated immunity (cmi) with resistance to cryptosporidium baileyi was studied using hormonal and chemical bursectomy in the one experiment and cyclosporin a in a second experiment. in expt. 1, there was no correlation between antibody (confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and resistance to infection as measured by body weight, gross lesions, morbidity, and mortality. bursectomy altered antibody production, but not cmi, as measured by t ... | 1993 | 8257374 |
| experimentally induced infections in turkeys with cryptosporidium baileyi isolated from chickens. | oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi isolated from chickens were inoculated by different routes into 3 groups of turkey poults. intratracheal inoculation of oocysts produced clinical signs of respiratory tract disease, deaths, and gross lesions of airsacculitis. parasites developed in the microvillous border of the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and air sacs. oral and intracloacal inoculations of oocysts caused no deaths or clinical signs of disease, but did produce patent infections. resp ... | 1987 | 3826828 |
| the life cycle of cryptosporidium baileyi n. sp. (apicomplexa, cryptosporidiidae) infecting chickens. | the life cycle and morphology of a previously undescribed species of cryptosporidium isolated from commercial broiler chickens is described. the prepatent period for cryptosporidium baileyi n. sp. was three days post oral inoculation (pi) of oocysts, and the patent period was days 4-24 pi for chickens inoculated at two days of age and days 4-14 for chickens inoculated at one and six months of age. during the first three days pi, most developmental stages of c. baileyi were found in the microvill ... | 1986 | 3735157 |
| experimental cryptosporidium baileyi infections in chickens and turkeys produced by ocular inoculation of oocysts. | developmental stages of cryptosporidium baileyi were observed on the conjunctival epithelium of 3 of 14 chicks and none of 7 turkeys following ocular inoculation of oocysts. no clinical signs of disease were observed in chicks or turkeys. all 14 chicks had developmental stages of c. baileyi in the cloaca, whereas 4 of the 7 turkeys were infected at this site. | 1987 | 3619829 |
| experimental cryptosporidiosis in broiler chickens. | seven-day-old conventional broilers were inoculated either orally or intratracheally (it) with 2.5 x 10(5), 5.0 x 10(5), or 2.0 x 10(6) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi (32 birds for each dosage level per group; 192 birds total). thirty-two birds served as unninoculated controls. mean weekly weight gain and feed conversion were determined during a 5-week period. carcass pigment was graded using a roche color fan. fecal oocysts were calculated from random cage samples 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 20, ... | 1987 | 3601855 |
| chemoprophylaxis of cryptosporidiosis in chickens, using halofuginone, salinomycin, lasalocid, or monensin. | chemoprophylaxis of cryptosporidium baileyi infections was attempted by feeding 4 groups of chicks diets containing 3 mg of halofuginone/kg of feed, 60 mg of salinomycin/kg, 75 mg of lasalocid/kg, or 110 mg of monensin/kg. rations were fed 5 days before oral or intratracheal inoculation with oocysts and were continued for 20 days. none of the drugs prevented c baileyi infections. clinical signs of respiratory tract disease and gross lesions of airsacculitis were observed in intratracheally inocu ... | 1987 | 3565889 |
| cryptosporidium baileyi: effects of intra-abdominal and intravenous inoculation of oocysts on infectivity and site of development in broiler chickens. | developmental stages of cryptosporidium baileyi were observed on the epithelium of the larynx, trachea, primary and secondary bronchi, air sacs, bursa of fabricius, and cloaca of 12 chickens inoculated intra-abdominally with oocysts. all 12 birds inoculated intra-abdominally developed clinical signs of respiratory disease and had gross lesions of airsacculitis at necropsy. developmental stages of c. baileyi and clinical signs of disease were not observed in 12 chickens inoculated intravenously w ... | 1987 | 3442534 |
| attempts to immunize chickens against cryptosporidium baileyi with c. parvum oocysts and paracox vaccine. | to study the possibility of immunization against cryptosporidium baileyi current, upton et haynes, 1986 with the attenuated anticoccidial vaccine, paracox and oocysts of c. parvum tyzzer, 1912, chickens were inoculated orally with either 3 x 10(3) vaccine oocysts or 8 x 10(5) c. baileyi or c. parvum oocysts at 1 week of age. the inoculation with paracox vaccine and c. parvum oocysts was repeated at 2 and 3 weeks of age. uninfected birds served as controls. all animals with the exception of one u ... | 1997 | 9188177 |
| subclinical cryptosporidiosis of turkeys in iowa. | cryptosporidium oocysts were found in the feces of 16 of 20 (80%) 17-day-old and 38 of 100 (38%) 24-day-old turkeys in a healthy commercial flock in central iowa. mean dimensions of 50 oocysts were 4.5 x 5.3 micron. in experimentally inoculated turkeys and chickens, the parasites frequently infected the ceca, colon, and cloaca, but rarely infected the small intestine or bursa of fabricius. these data differ from published descriptions of cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens and turkeys. the resul ... | 1988 | 3418465 |
| comparative reproduction of cryptosporidium baileyi in embryonated eggs and in chickens. | at 2 days of age, each of 20 chickens was perorally or intracloacally infected with 3 x 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi and maintained for 13 days post infection. in parallel, 20 embryonated chicken eggs were inoculated with 3 x 10(5) oocysts at day 10 of embryonation and were incubated for a further 7 days. the average reproduction rates in the two groups of chickens were x560 after peroral infection and x533 after intracloacal infection as compared with x256 in the eggs. although the ... | 1997 | 9272563 |
| effects of cryptosporidium baileyi infection on the bursa of fabricius in chickens. | in order to clarify the effect of cryptosporidiosis on immune response, histopathological changes associated with experimentally occurring bursal cryptosporidiosis in chickens were chronologically observed as the first step. a total of 150 2-day-old chickens was each inoculated orally with a single dose of 5 x 10(5) cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts. the chickens showed a normal profile of oocyst shedding in droppings. the bursa indices throughout the experimental period indicated negligible react ... | 1997 | 9335183 |
| development of and serologic evaluation of acquired immunity to cryptosporidium baileyi by broiler chickens. | eighteen 2-wk-old broiler chickens that were inoculated orally with oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi (group b) became infected, shed large numbers of oocysts in their feces on days 6 to 12 post inoculation (pi), and suddenly cleared the parasites from the mucosal epithelium of the bursa of fabricius (bf), cloaca, or both bf and cloaca on days 14 to 16 pi. eighteen uninoculated birds (group a) did not shed oocysts during this time period. five days after all birds in group b stopped shedding oo ... | 1988 | 3405948 |
| cultivation of cryptosporidium baileyi: studies with cell cultures, avian embryos, and pathogenicity of chicken embryo-passaged oocysts. | sporozoites of cryptosporidium baileyi did not undergo development in primary cell cultures from either avian or mammalian hosts, or in mammalian cell lines. oocysts of c. baileyi produced infections resulting in complete development to sporulated oocysts in chicken embryos and embryos of 8 other avian species examined. inoculation of 4 x 10(5) oocysts was not pathogenic for avian embryos as evidenced by the lack of gross lesions or death. oocysts obtained after c. baileyi had been passaged 10 t ... | 1988 | 3357120 |
| effect of broiler chicken age on susceptibility to experimentally induced cryptosporidium baileyi infection. | clinical signs of respiratory tract disease were observed in chickens that were inoculated intratracheally with 1 x 10(6) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi at 2 or 14 days of age (10 chickens/group), but not in chickens inoculated at 28 or 42 days of age (10 chickens/group). orally inoculated chickens in all age groups (10 chickens/group) did not develop clinical signs of disease. orally and intratracheally inoculated chickens in all age groups were infected, as determined by the finding of cry ... | 1988 | 3178034 |
| experimental cryptosporidiosis and infectious bursal disease virus infection of specific-pathogen-free chickens. | specific-pathogen-free chickens orally inoculated at 4 days of age with a moderately pathogenic vaccine strain of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and/or at 5 days of age with cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts remained free of overt clinical signs throughout a 16-day period postinoculation (pi). the prepatency period for c. baileyi oocyst shedding was shorter in chickens receiving higher numbers of oocysts, but once shedding was detected, there were no obvious differences in shedding pattern ... | 1988 | 2849406 |
| interaction of reovirus and cryptosporidium baileyi in experimentally infected chickens. | no clinical signs, gross lesions, or increased mortality were observed in specific-pathogen-free chickens orally inoculated at 5 days of age with cryptosporidium baileyi, reovirus 2035, reovirus 2408, or combinations of these agents. weight gain of chickens inoculated with only reovirus 2408 was depressed 0-8 days postinoculation (pi) (p less than 0.01) but not for the 21-day period pi. weight gain of chickens inoculated with only reovirus 2035 was not affected. cryptosporidium baileyi infection ... | 1988 | 2848481 |
| immunosuppressive effect of cryptosporidium baileyi infection on vaccination against avian infectious bronchitis in chicks. | two-day-old commercial chicks were inoculated orally with 2 x 10(6) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi and vaccinated with 10(3.5) eid50/head of a commercially available avian infectious bronchitis (ib) live virus vaccine at 4 and 14 days following inoculation. chicks infected with c. baileyi were shown to have an immunosuppressive effect on ib virus. it is concluded that infection with the protozoon in early life may increase their susceptibility to ib. | 1998 | 9755592 |
| apparent inability of cryptosporidium baileyi of chickens to infect poultry handlers in bangkok. | | 1989 | 2617628 |
| verification of immunosuppression in chicks caused by cryptosporidium baileyi infection using brucella abortus strain 1119-3. | humoral immune response of young chicks to brucella abortus strain 1119-3 inoculation was monitored to verify the degree of immunosuppression caused by infection with cryptosporidium baileyi. young chicks (2-day-old) were orally inoculated each with 2 x 10(6) oocysts of c. baileyi, and then injected intramuscularly with 0.3 ml b. abortus strain 1119-3 containing 1 x 10(9) living organisms on day 14 postinoculation (pi). serum samples were tested by plate agglutination test on day 17 pi onwards a ... | 1998 | 9868895 |
| the pathogenicity of cryptosporidium parvum tyzzer, 1912 and c. baileyi current, upton et haynes, 1986 for chickens. | clinical symptoms and pathological-morphological changes in the respiratory tract of chickens inoculated with cryptosporidium parvum were described for the first time and compared with those induced by cryptosporidium baileyi. intratracheal inoculation with these two species caused symptoms of a respiratory tract disease in all chicken, but a disease of the digestive tract or death did not occur in any case. pathological and morphological changes were observed only in the respiratory system and ... | 1989 | 2583611 |
| experimental infections in domestic ducks with cryptosporidium baileyi isolated from chickens. | oral inoculation of 13 ducks (anas platyrhynchos) with 1 x 10(6) cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts produced patent infections but no clinical signs of disease. intratracheal inoculation of 13 ducks with 1 x 10(6) c. baileyi oocysts produced only mild clinical signs of respiratory disease, no deaths, and gross lesions of airsacculitis in only three ducks. the distribution of developmental stages of c. baileyi in ducks was similar to that observed in experimentally infected chickens and turkeys. res ... | 1989 | 2522769 |
| effect of cryptosporidium baileyi on broilers infected at 26 days of age. | cryptosporidium baileyi causes respiratory disease, pallor, death, and transient increased feed conversion (fc) and decreased body weight gain (bwg) when intratracheally (it) inoculated into young chicks. unlike the case for young chicks in previous studies, c. baileyi had no effect on fc, bwg, or mortality in it-inoculated 26-day-old chicks. results from two different histologic evaluations indicated that it inoculation with 10(4) oocysts caused higher epithelium lesion scores (p less than 0.05 ... | 1990 | 2369384 |
| experimental biliary cryptosporidiosis in broiler chickens. | biliary cryptosporidiosis was studied by inoculation of 2 x 10(5) cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts (au-b1 isolate) into the gall bladders of ten 6-day-old broiler chickens. clinical signs of disease were not seen. three of the 10 chickens developed biliary tract infections, based on histologic examination of tissue sections. lesions seen in the gall bladders of these birds included epithelial hyperplasia and infiltration of the underlying connective tissue with mononuclear leukocytes. one of thes ... | 1990 | 2369383 |
| identification of outer oocyst wall proteins of three cryptosporidium (apicomplexa: cryptosporidiidae) species by 125i surface labeling. | autoradiography of oocyst wall surface proteins of three cryptosporidium spp. revealed common bands at 285 to 290, 145 to 148, 120, 57, and 32 kilodaltons (kda). cryptosporidium baileyi and c. muris share proteins at 180, 100, 80 to 81, 29, and 18 to 19 kda; c. baileyi and c. parvum share one protein at 46 to 47 kda; and c. muris and c. parvum share a protein at 67 to 69 kda. additional protein bands, each unique to one species, were also observed. | 1990 | 2294053 |
| small intestinal cryptosporidiosis in cockatiels associated with cryptosporidium baileyi-like oocysts. | four of six cockatiels died within a week after being purchased from a commercial breeder. a fifth bird was euthanatized and necropsied during this time, and tissues were collected for microscopic examination. the small intestine had moderate numbers of cryptosporidium sp. parasites present. a few large, basophilic intranuclear inclusions were present in renal ductular epithelium. cryptosporidium sp. oocysts were found in the feces of the surviving bird. thirty oocysts were 7.2 by 5.5 microns. t ... | 1990 | 2241709 |
| variations in oocyst output associated with cryptosporidium baileyi infections in chickens. | groups of birds, aged 2, 16 and 30 days, were experimentally infected with 400, 20,000 or 1,000,000 oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi. the faecal oocyst output for each group was determined by collection of faeces on days 0, 5, 7 and 13-21 post-infection (p.i.). the duration of patency of infection, as determined by oocyst excretion, declined more rapidly in the older age groups but persisted longer in birds challenged with the lower oocyst numbers. | 1994 | 8091620 |
| phylogenetic relationships among isolates of cryptosporidium: evidence for several new species. | isolates of cryptosporidium were characterized using nucleotide sequence analysis of the 18s rrna and dihydrofolate reductase genes and also random-amplified polymorphic dna analysis. phylogenetic analysis confirmed the validity of the species of cryptosporidium examined in this study such as cryptospordium muris and cryptosporidium baileyi, and also reinforced evidence from numerous researchers worldwide suggesting that cryptosporidium parvum is not a single uniform species. the data obtained p ... | 1999 | 10647047 |
| [the black-headed gull (larus ridibundus l.), a new host for cryptosporidium baileyi (apicomplexa: cryptosporidiidae)]. | black-headed full (l. ridibundus l.) represents a new host of c. baileyi current, upton and haynes, 1986. in 1991-1992 during the months of may-july six localities in three regions of the czech republic were studied by examining in total 264 not flying gull chicks (4-30 days of age), applying the methods after pavlásek (1987a, b, 1991). cryptosporidia were found in gulls in all localities and spontaneous infection during the period under study occurred in 27.5-100% of birds (tab. ii, fig. 1). th ... | 1993 | 8259642 |
| differentiation of cryptosporidium parvum, c. muris, and c. baileyi by pcr-rflp analysis of the 18s rrna gene. | we have developed a combined polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) assay for the detection and differentiation of cryptosporidium parvum, cryptosporidium muris, and cryptosporidium baileyi. the assay utilizes pcr to amplify an approximately 1750 basepair product of the cryptosporidium 18s rrna gene. following double digestion with restriction endonucleases dral and vsp1, this pcr product yields dna fragments that can be resolved electrophoretically into ... | 1996 | 8638381 |
| attempts to immunize chickens with cryptosporidium baileyi oocyst extract. | in order to study the possibility of immunization against cryptosporidium baileyi with extracted crude antigen, arbor acres chickens were injected intramuscularly with 80 micrograms of c. baileyi oocyst-derived proteins (uninfected immunized, ui) or inoculated orally with 8 x 10(5) viable c. baileyi oocysts (infected control, ic) at 1 wk of age. the immunization was repeated in the ui group at 2 wk of age. uninfected (uc) birds served as controls. all animals in ui, ic, and uc groups were challe ... | 1996 | 8691379 |
| effects of bursectomy and thymectomy on the development of resistance to cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens. | comparisons were made between the course of infection with cryptosporidium baileyi in normal chickens and in chickens with functional deficiencies in either b-lymphocytes (bursectomized) or t-lymphocytes (thymectomized). bursectomy did not influence the acquired immune response to c. baileyi infection as measured by the oocyst excretion. however, the total oocyst output of bursectomized birds was less than a quarter of that of the controls due to the reduced site for multiplication of the parasi ... | 1996 | 8825214 |
| respiratory coccidiosis (cryptosporidium baileyi) among northern georgia broilers in one company. | cryptosporidium baileyi causes respiratory disease in chickens. the purposes of this prospective study were to determine the incidence of c. baileyi tracheitis among broilers in a commercial setting, and the relationship between c. baileyi tracheitis and production performance parameters. all samples came from 56 farms that grow broilers for one company in northern georgia. tracheas were collected and examined with a light microscope and cultured for viruses and bacteria. overall, 23 of 56 (41%) ... | 1996 | 8883786 |
| in vitro excystation of cryptosporidium baileyi from chickens. | release of sporozoites from the oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi is described from nomarski interference-contrast microscopy. just prior to excystation, the four sporozoites became motile and rearranged themselves within the oocyst. the sporozoites were then rapidly expelled through an opening that formed in the oocyst wall, and the residuum was either released or retained within the oocyst. excysted sporozoites were crescent shaped and measured 5.0-9.0 microns x 1.0-1.6 micron (mean = 6.8 x 1 ... | 1987 | 3572840 |
| chronologic change of serum igg antibody response in chickens reinfected with cryptosporidium baileyi. | eight 2-day-old spf chickens were each inoculated orally with a single dose of 5 x 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi, and immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody responses were chronologically measured by indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) assay. anti-c. baileyi igg antibody levels remained high (1:106.67 to 1:512.00) for at least 4 months with 330 days of a detectable period. ten days after the negative conversion, each chicken was re-challenged with 1 x 10(7) oocysts of the same species. ... | 1996 | 9017911 |
| prevalence of cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in cattle and wildlife in morogoro region, tanzania. | prevalences of cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in cattle (n = 486) on five selected farms in morogoro municipality and three species of herbivorous wildlife (n = 87) from mikumi national park, morogoro, tanzania, were determined using the modified ziehl-neelsen staining technique. of 486 bovine faecal samples, 5.3% were positive for cryptosporidium spp. the prevalence of cryptosporidium was higher in calves less than 3 months of age compared to weaned calves and adults. cryptosporidium spp. oocysts ... | 1997 | 9234442 |
| effect of f-2 and t-2 fusariotoxins on experimental cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens. | the course of cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens fed with different doses of fusariotoxins was compared with that of control groups. f-2 toxin levels of 0.187-1.5 mg kg-1 and t-2 toxin levels of 0.187-6.0 mg kg-1 were investigated. the experimental animals were orally infected with 6 x 10(5) c. baileyi oocysts at 1 week of age. total daily oocyst output was monitored by a quantitative method. acquired immunity was tested at the age of 4 weeks, by elisa and by a challenge infection wit ... | 1997 | 9467738 |
| effect of cryptosporidium baileyi infection on antibody response to srbc in chickens. | hemagglutinin (ha) titers to srbc were chronologically observed in chickens orally inoculated at 2 days of age with 5 x 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi. all the infected chickens exhibited negligible ha titers by 44 days postinoculation (pi). the titers were elevated as time progressed, and peaked on day 52 pi, declined gradually thereafter, and eventually reached to normal titers on day 92 pi. on the contrary, the titers in uninfected chickens were higher in comparison with infected ch ... | 1998 | 9529861 |
| immunosuppressive effect of cryptosporidium baileyi infection on vaccination against newcastle disease in chicks. | hemagglutination-inhibition titers (log2) to newcastle disease (nd) virus were chronologically observed in chicks, which were orally inoculated with 5 x 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi at 2 days of age and subsequently vaccinated with inactivated nd virus at 4 and 21 days postinoculation. in general, the titers were considerably lower in the infected chicks than those in the uninfected control throughout the experimental period (p < 0.01), and rapid negative seroconversions were observe ... | 1998 | 9637829 |
| interaction of chicken anaemia virus and cryptosporidium baileyi in experimentally infected chickens. | the natural occurrence of concomitant chicken anaemia virus (cav) and cryptosporidium baileyi infection was described earlier. in this experiment, 1-day-old chickens were infected with cav alone (anaemia virus infected, ai) or followed by inoculation with 8 x 10(5) c. baileyi oocysts orally at 1 wk of age (anaemia virus and cryptosporidium infected, aci). another group of chickens received the same dose of c. baileyi oocysts without previous virus infection (cryptosporidium infected, ci), and tw ... | 1998 | 9653989 |
| effect of trickle infections with cryptosporidium baileyi for a short duration on development of specific immunity in chickens. | this work was conducted to determine the effects of inoculations of low level of cryptosporidium sporulated oocysts for the first and second weeks of life (trickle infection method) on the development of specific immunity in chickens. the results revealed that the specific immunity in chicken inoculated daily at one to 16 days of age with 200 sporulated oocysts was better than that of chicken inoculated form 8 to 15 days, and that inoculated with 1600 sporulated oocysts once at 8th day of age or ... | 1998 | 9707662 |
| assessment of maternal immunity to cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens. | the degree of protection to cryptosporidium baileyi in the progeny of infected chickens was studied. hens at the beginning of their laying period were given orally three consecutive, large doses of c. baileyi oocysts at weekly intervals. the infection became patent after 6 days and lasted for another 6 days. increasing serum igg, and serum, bile, lachrymal and salivary iga were demonstrated from their samples. these immunoglobulins were transferred to the eggs, since high levels of maternally de ... | 1998 | 9823060 |
| immunogenicity of three oocyst extracts of cryptosporidium baileyi in experimentally infected chickens. | the immunogenic properties of water-soluble and detergent-extracted components of cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts were studied. oocyst cytosol antigen (oca) containing hydrophilic proteins was obtained by freeze-thaw cycles in liquid nitrogen. this was followed by triton x-114 extraction of remaining oocyst fragments to dissolve membrane-bound proteins (tre). the remainder of the pellet was solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate and treated with 2-mercaptoethanol to reduce disulfide-linked oocy ... | 1999 | 9950231 |
| cryptosporidium infection in domestic geese (anser anser f. domestica) detected by in-situ hybridization. | an in-situ hybridization (ish) procedure was developed for the detection of cryptosporidium sp. in paraffin wax-embedded tissues with a digoxigenin-labelled probe targeting the 18s rrna. this technique was used in addition to traditional methods, such as haematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-schiff reaction, transmission electron microscopy and the polymerase chain reaction, to examine the bursa of fabricius (bf), conjunctiva and other tissues from 20 domestic geese aged 16-36 days for ... | 2006 | 16615936 |
| identification of cryptosporidium felis in a cow by morphologic and molecular methods. | apicomplexan cryptosporidium parasites infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts. while some species are limited to a single host group, such as cryptosporidium baileyi, which infects chickens, other species of this genus, such as c. parvum, infect a wide range of mammalian species from mice to humans. during an investigation of cryptosporidium infection in cattle on a farm in northern poland, we identified an infection caused by c. felis, in addition to known infections with c. muris and c. parvu ... | 1999 | 10103236 |
| upper respiratory tract infection caused by cryptosporidium baileyi in three mixed-bred falcons (falco rusticolus x falco cherrug). | three mixed-bred raptors (falco rusticolus x falco cherrug) from a german falcon breeder were presented with a history of respiratory distress. in one bird a laryngeal stridor was noted, and oral examination revealed an epiglottal swelling. in the other two birds, nasal discharge and sneezing were the main clinical symptoms. nasal flushing samples and biopsies were collected for pathologic, bacteriologic, and parasitologic examination. results confirmed a cryptosporidial infection. polymerase ch ... | 2008 | 18646471 |
| phylogenetic analysis of cryptosporidium parasites based on the small-subunit rrna gene locus. | biological data support the hypothesis that there are multiple species in the genus cryptosporidium, but a recent analysis of the available genetic data suggested that there is insufficient evidence for species differentiation. in order to resolve the controversy in the taxonomy of this parasite genus, we characterized the small-subunit rrna genes of cryptosporidium parvum, cryptosporidium baileyi, cryptosporidium muris, and cryptosporidium serpentis and performed a phylogenetic analysis of the ... | 1999 | 10103253 |
| concurrent cryptosporidiosis and chicken anaemia virus infection in broiler chickens. | concurrent infection with cryptosporidium baileyi and chicken anaemia virus (cav) was observed in a flock of 8000 4-week-old broiler chickens. the birds, showing overt symptoms of stunted growth and 25% mortality from hatching to 4 weeks of age, harboured the protozoan in the epithelial cells of the bursa of fabricius and the urodeal portion of the cloaca. this is the first report on an outbreak of avian cryptosporidiosis associated with cav. | 1994 | 18671102 |
| reduced serologic response to avian influenza vaccine in specific-pathogen-free chicks inoculated with cryptosporidium baileyi. | immunosuppression in chickens as a consequence of cryptosporidium baileyi infection may compromise the effectiveness of vaccination for control of avian influenza (ai) h5n1. in a 13-wk study using 260 specific-pathogen-free chicks, immunological response and bursa weight:body weight ratios following vaccination against ai strain h5n1 were compared between uninfected and c baileyi-infected birds. the four experimental treatments were the following: infection with c. baileyi (5 x 10(5) oocysts dos ... | 2008 | 19166065 |
| study on the course of cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens treated with interleukin-1 or indomethacin. | the effects exerted by human recombinant interleukin-1 beta (hril-1 beta) and the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin on the course of cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens were studied. daily oocyst shedding was monitored by a quantitative method throughout the experiment. humoral immune response to c. baileyi was assessed by elisa at 3 weeks of age while the level of cellular immune response to phytohaemagglutinin-p (pha-p) by a skin test at 23 days of age. parenteral application of h ... | 1999 | 10344081 |
| analysis of humoral immune response in chickens after inoculation with cryptosporidium baileyi or cryptosporidium parvum. | white leghorn chickens aged 14 days were orally inoculated with 1 x 10(6) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi or c. parvum to compare the specific immune responses. cross-reactions were evaluated using homologous or heterologous antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot to determine the occurrence of an antigenic homology between these two species. blood, bile, whole intestine, bursa of fabricius, and feces were collected daily from the day of inoculation (day 0) to d ... | 1994 | 7535518 |
| oocyst production and immunogenicity of cryptosporidium baileyi in chickens and mallards. | two-day-old chickens and mallards were orally inoculated with one of 5 doses varying from 2 x 10(2) to 2 x 10(6) of c. baileyi oocysts per individual. generally, the more oocysts inoculated were, the longer the patent periods were, and the more oocysts shedding were. meanwhile increasing the inoculative dose, the prepatent periods were shortened except that mallards inoculated with 2 x 10(2) and 2 x 10(3) oocysts failed to produce the oocysts. the more parasites involving oocysts appeared from t ... | 1995 | 7735785 |
| clinical and pathological findings in young georgia broiler chickens with oculofacial respiratory disease ("so-called swollen heads"). | chickens with swollen heads generally are said to have swollen head syndrome. in this retrospective study, 16 accessions of young chickens during 1992 had "swollen heads." clinical signs and lesions were accompanied by infection with multiple viruses, bacteria, and cryptosporidium baileyi. the fact that almost half of the cases of chickens with swollen heads occurred in one broiler-producing company and predictably within 14 days post-vaccination suggests that management factors might be instrum ... | 1994 | 7980292 |
| morphologic, host specificity, and molecular characterization of a hungarian cryptosporidium meleagridis isolate. | this study was undertaken in order to characterize cryptosporidium meleagridis isolated from a turkey in hungary and to compare the morphologies, host specificities, organ locations, and small-subunit rna (ssu rrna) gene sequences of this organism and other cryptosporidium species. the phenotypic differences between c. meleagridis and cryptosporidium parvum hungarian calf isolate (zoonotic genotype) oocysts were small, although they were statistically significant. oocysts of c. meleagridis were ... | 2000 | 10653744 |
| rapid detection and quantification of cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts in feces and organs of chickens using a microscopic slide flotation method. | a simple semiquantitative microscopic slide flotation (msf) method using modified sheather's sugar solution (msss) is presented for the rapid detection and quantification of cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts in the feces and mucosal and/or organ scrapings of chickens. oocyst shedding was evaluated by examination of the surface of coverslips, and the average quantitative score (0-5) recorded for 10 microscopic fields (magnification x250) is reported. the equivalence between these scores and the act ... | 2000 | 10726987 |
| influence of in ovo administered cryptosporidium baileyi oocyst extract on the course of homologous infection. | in order to evaluate the effect of in ovo vaccination on avian cryptosporidiosis, two doses (1 and 10microg) of cryptosporidium baileyi oocyst extract (oe) were injected into the amnionic sac of embryonated, specific pathogen-free chicken eggs. after hatching these birds as well as infected controls (ic) were inoculated with 8x10(5) c. baileyi oocysts at 10 days of age. another group of chickens remained uninfected (uc). faecal oocyst shedding was measured every second day, and weekly elisas wer ... | 2000 | 10799845 |
| phylogenetic relationships of cryptosporidium parasites based on the 70-kilodalton heat shock protein (hsp70) gene. | we have characterized the nucleotide sequences of the 70-kda heat shock protein (hsp70) genes of cryptosporidium baileyi, c. felis, c. meleagridis, c. muris, c. serpentis, c. wrairi, and c. parvum from various animals. results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of several genetically distinct species in the genus cryptosporidium and eight distinct genotypes within the species c. parvum. some of the latter may represent cryptic species. the phylogenetic tree constructed from these ... | 2000 | 10831415 |
| morphologic, host specificity, and genetic characterization of a european cryptosporidium andersoni isolate. | this study was undertaken in order to characterize a cryptosporidium muris-like parasite isolated from cattle in hungary and to compare this strain with other cryptosporidium species. to date, the large-type oocysts isolated from cattle were considered as c. muris described from several mammals. the size, form, and structure of the oocysts of the hungarian strain were identical with those described by others from cattle. an apparent difference between the morphometric data of c. muris-like paras ... | 2000 | 11191899 |
| large-scale survey of cryptosporidium spp. in chickens and pekin ducks (anas platyrhynchos) in henan, china: prevalence and molecular characterization. | few data are available on the molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in chickens and ducks in china. in this study, 2579 faecal samples from 46 chicken farms and eight pekin duck farms in 21 prefectures in henan province were examined. the overall infection rate of cryptosporidium was 10.6% (163/1542) in layer chickens (10 out of 17 farms), 3.4% (16/473) in broilers (five out of 29 farms), and 16.3% (92/564) in pekin ducks (four out of eight farms), respectively. the highest infectio ... | 2010 | 21154053 |
| interaction of marek's disease virus and cryptosporidium baileyi in experimentally infected chickens. | histocompatible b13/b13 white specific-pathogen-free leghorn chickens were used to investigate the effect of coinfection with cryptosporidium baileyi and the hprs 16 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) in chickens and to assess the pathogenicity of c. baileyi when mdv is given before or after the parasite. groups of chickens concurrently infected with c. baileyi orally inoculated at day (d)4 and mdv inoculated at hatching (c4m0 group) or at d8 (c4m8 group) were compared with relevant control g ... | 2000 | 11195631 |
| ascaridia nymphii n. sp. (nematoda: ascaridida) from the alimentary tract of a severely emaciated dead cockatiel nymphicus hollandicus. | this report describes ascaridia nymphii n. sp., a new species isolated from the alimentary tract of cockatiel nymphicus hollandicus in japan. more than 63 nematodes were found in the formalin-fixed small intestine, ventriculus, proventriculus and crop of a 48-day-old young cockatiel that died after exhibiting severe emaciation. no nematode eggs were observed in the faecal examination performed while the cockatiel was alive, but cryptosporidium oocysts were found. the intestinal mucosa was damage ... | 2015 | 26276643 |
| molecular and phylogenetic characterisation of cryptosporidium from birds. | avian isolates of cryptosporidium species from different geographic locations were sequenced at two loci, the 18s rrna gene and the heat shock gene (hsp-70). phylogenetic analysis of the sequence data provided support for the existence of a new avian species of cryptosporidium infecting finches and a second species infecting a black duck. the identity of cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis as valid species was confirmed. also, c. baileyi was identified in a number of isolates ... | 2001 | 11226456 |
| species-specific, nested pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism detection of single cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. | concurrent with recent advances seen with cryptosporidium parvum detection in both treated and untreated water is the need to properly evaluate these advances. a micromanipulation method by which known numbers of c. parvum oocysts, even a single oocyst, can be delivered to a test matrix for detection sensitivity is presented. using newly developed nested pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism primers, pcr sensitivity was evaluated with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, or 10 oocysts. pcr detection rates ( ... | 2001 | 11375178 |
| performance and oocyst shedding in broiler chickens orally infected with cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis. | to study effects of experimental cryptosporidiosis, broiler chickens were infected per os with 5 x 10(5) oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis. in the first experiment, chickens were infected with oocysts of c. baileyi at the age of 7, 14, and 21 days. in the second experiment, chickens were infected with oocysts of c. baileyi, c. meleagridis, or both cryptosporidial species at the age of 7 days. although clinical signs of infection were apparent, neither final live ... | 2002 | 11922336 |
| polyphasic typing of cryptosporidium baileyi: a suggested model for characterization of cryptosporidia. | the present study was undertaken to characterize the oocyst morphology, host specificity, organ location, virulence, and sequences of the small subunit ribosomal rna, 70-kda heat shock protein, and oocyst wall protein genes of cryptosporidium baileyi, and to compare this strain with other cryptosporidium species. this study also aims to serve as a model for polyphasic (phenetic and genetic) characterization of cryptosporidium species and strains. on the basis of these results, further genetic an ... | 2002 | 12053992 |
| a redescription of cryptosporidium galli pavlasek, 1999 (apicomplexa: cryptosporidiidae) from birds. | cryptosporidium galli pavlasek, 1999, described from the feces of birds, is redescribed with additional molecular and biological data. oocysts are ellipsoidal, are passed fully sporulated, lack sporocysts, and measure 8.25 x 6.3 microm (range 8.0-8.5 x 6.2-6.4 microm) with a length-width ratio of 1.30 (n = 50). oocysts are structurally similar to those of cryptosporidium baileyi described from chickens, but in addition to being considerably larger than oocysts of c. baileyi, these oocysts infect ... | 2003 | 14533694 |
| viability of preserved cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts. | the present study was undertaken to determine the viability and infectivity of oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi that had been stored from 1 to 40 months at 4 degrees c preserved in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. oocysts of c. baileyi were purified from the feces of experimentally infected chickens using discontinuous sucrose gradients. subsequently, the purified oocysts were suspended in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution at a concentration of 1 x 10(7) organism/ml, and their viabilities ... | 2003 | 14699260 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the 18s rrna gene of cryptosporidium oocysts in feces of canada geese (branta canadensis): evidence for five novel genotypes. | to assess genetic diversity in cryptosporidium oocysts from canada geese, 161 fecal samples from canada geese in the united states were analyzed. eleven (6.8%) were positive for cryptosporidium spp. following nested pcr amplification of the hypervariable region of the 18s rrna gene. nine pcr products from geese were cloned and sequenced, and all nine diverged from previously reported cryptosporidium 18s rrna gene sequences. five sequences were very similar or identical to each other but genetica ... | 2004 | 14711674 |
| [experimental transmission of cryptosporidium baileyi (apicomplexa: cryptosporidiidae) isolated of broiler chicken to japanese quail (coturnix japonica)]. | in this work, oocysts of cryptosporidium baileyi were isolated and identified in broiler chickens from three different municipalities of the state of rio de janeiro, where they were isolated and identified by using the centrifuge- flotation technique associated to bright-field. staining techniques, such as: modified ziehl-neelsen and safranin-methylene blue, were carried out to confirm natural infection. oocysts of c. baileyi from broiler chickens were able to infect coccidia-free japanese quail ... | 2005 | 16229756 |
| cryptosporidium contamination in harvesting areas of bivalve molluscs. | cryptosporidium contamination was evaluated in areas in galicia (northwestern spain) where bivalve molluscs are harvested. galicia is the main mussel-producing region in europe. data were collected on water contamination of effluents that are discharged into these areas. cryptosporidium spp. were detected by immunofluorescence microscopy and molecular methods in 71% of the river water samples (n = 7), 64% of raw sewage samples (n = 11), 50% of effluents from wastewater treatment plants (n = 16), ... | 2006 | 16416917 |
| biological studies and molecular characterization of a cryptosporidium isolate from ostriches (struthio camelus). | there are many reports of cryptosporidial infection in ostriches, but none with molecular characterization of the isolates. a study was undertaken for the characterization of a brazilian cryptosporidium sp. ostrich isolate by using molecular phylogenetic analysis of fragments of the 18s ribosomal dna, heat-shock protein (hsp) 70 coding gene, and actin coding gene. biological studies were accomplished by the experimental inoculation of chickens via oral or intratracheal routes with fresh ostrich ... | 2006 | 16884009 |
| kinetics of serum antibody responses in broiler chicks against cryptosporidium baileyi. | the kinetics of serum antibody responses in broiler chickens against cryptosporidium baileyi were studied. broilers were inoculated intratracheally with 250,000 c. baileyi oocysts at 1, 7, or 14 days of age. antibody was quantified by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. anti-cryptosporidial serum immunoglobulins (igm and igg) were detected 9 days post-inoculation (dpi) in birds inoculated at 1 or 7 days of age with oocysts and 4 dpi when 14-day-old birds were inoculated. results also reaffirme ... | 1993 | 18671037 |
| effect of cryptosporidium baileyi in specific pathogen free chickens vaccinated (cvi988/rispens) and challenged with hprs-16 strain of marek's. | this study was performed to examine the effect of marek's disease virus (mdv) serotype 1 vaccine (cvi988/rispens) on the pathogenicity of cryptosporidium baileyi , and to determine whether c. baileyi infection could prevent the development of vaccinal marek's disease (md) immunity in specific pathogen free (spf) chickens. sixty-eight spf homozygous b13 white leghorn chickens were divided into seven groups. c. baileyi was orally administered at 5 days of age (day 4) in chickens infected with risp ... | 2000 | 19184860 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. from fecal samples of birds kept in captivity in brazil. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidium species and genotypes in birds kept in captivity in brazil. a total of 966 samples from 18 families of birds was collected and stored in 5% potassium dichromate solution at 4 degrees c until processing. oocysts were purified in sheather sugar solution following extraction of genomic dna. molecular analyses were performed using nested-pcr for amplification of fragments of the 18s subunit of rrna gene and of the actin gene. a ... | 2009 | 19683397 |
| the ultrastructure of gametogenesis of cryptosporidium baileyi (eimeriorina; cryptosporidiidae) in the respiratory tract of broiler chickens (gallus domesticus). | the ultrastructural features of sexual development of cryptosporidium baileyi in the respiratory tract of experimentally infected broiler chickens were studied using transmission electron microscopy. sexual stages of c. baileyi were seen attached to the tracheal epithelium and free in the tracheal lumen. these stages included intracellular type iii merozoite-like stages, microgamonts, microgametes, macrogamonts, thin-walled oocysts, and thick-walled oocysts. these stages were developmentally sim ... | 1999 | 10461939 |
| the identification of cryptosporidium species and cryptosporidium parvum directly from whole faeces by analysis of a multiplex pcr of the 18s rrna gene and by pcr/rflp of the cryptosporidium outer wall protein (cowp) gene. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure to amplify 18s rrna gene fragments has been developed. amplified dna fragments of the expected size were obtained which were specific for cryptosporidium parvum and cryptosporidium wrairi (422 bp), cryptosporidium baileyi (11106 bp) and cryptosporidium muris (1346 bp). criptosporidium parvum and c. wrairi can be distinguished using a pcr/restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the cryptosporidium outer wall protein (cowp) ... | 1999 | 10576575 |
| renal cryptosporidiosis (cryptosporidium baileyi) in specific-pathogen-free chickens experimentally coinfected with marek's disease virus. | renal cryptosporidiosis was experimentally induced during a study to investigate the pathogenicity of cryptosporidium baileyi in specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens coinfected with marek's disease virus (mdv). cryptosporidium baileyi was administered orally at 4 days of age to chickens previously infected at hatching (day 0) with the hprs 16 strain of oncogenic mdv. three control groups received mdv at hatching, c. baileyi on day 4, or placebo consisting of distilled water. renal cryptosporidi ... | 1999 | 10611989 |
| multilocus genotypic analysis of cryptosporidium isolates from cockatiels, japan. | cryptosporidium is a significant pathogen in humans and animals. cases of infection by cryptosporidium parvum, cryptosporidium meleagridis, and cryptosporidium baileyi with zoonotic potential have also been reported in domestic birds, and recent studies indicate the presence of new host-adapted species or genotypes in birds. it is generally difficult to discriminate accurately among cryptosporidium species and genotypes by light microscopy because of the morphological similarity of their oocysts ... | 2010 | 20339870 |
| cryptosporidium baileyi infection associated with an outbreak of ocular and respiratory disease in otus owls (otus scops) in a rehabilitation centre. | cryptosporidiosis has been reported in more than 30 avian species worldwide. although some cases of cryptosporidiosis have been described in captive birds of prey in the order falconiformes, to date there have been no reports of the disease in wild raptors. here we describe for first time an ocular and respiratory disease associated with cryptosporidium baileyi in wild scops owl (otus scops, order: strigiformes). sixteen otus owl fledglings born in the wild during the summer of 2008 were admitte ... | 2010 | 20544422 |
| prevalence of cryptosporidium baileyi in ostriches (struthio camelus) in zhengzhou, china. | few data are available on the molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in ostriches. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidium species or genotypes in ostriches. a total of 452 fecal samples from five farms, a zoo, and an animal rescue center in zhengzhou, henan province, china were examined for cryptosporidium oocysts by microscopy of wet mount of fecal materials concentrated by the sheather's sugar flotation technique. fifty-three samples were cry ... | 2010 | 21030152 |
| genotyping of cryptosporidium spp. from free-living wild birds from brazil. | in wild and domestic birds, cryptosporidiosis is often associated with infections by cryptosporidium galli, cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis. in addition to these species, a number of avian cryptosporidium species yet to be fully characterized are commonly found among exotic and wild avian isolates. the present study aimed to detect and identify samples of cryptosporidium spp. from free-living wild birds, in order to contribute to the knowledge of the variability of this p ... | 2010 | 21035268 |
| real-time pcr assay targeting the actin gene for the detection of cryptosporidium parvum in calf fecal samples. | cryptosporidium parvum infection is very important with respect to public health, owing to foodborne and waterborne outbreaks and gastrointestinal illness in immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. in cattle, infection with this species manifests either as a subclinical disease or with diarrheal illness, which occurs more often in the presence of other infectious agents than when alone. the aim of this study was to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for the detectio ... | 2011 | 22042503 |
| molecular and phylogenetic approaches for assessing sources of cryptosporidium contamination in water. | the high sequence diversity and heterogeneity observed within species or genotypes of cryptosporidium requires phylogenetic approaches for the identification of novel sequences obtained from the environment. a long-term study on cryptosporidium in the agriculturally-intensive south nation river watershed in ontario, canada was undertaken, in which 60 sequence types were detected. of these sequence types 33 were considered novel with no identical matches in genbank. detailed phylogenetic analysis ... | 2012 | 22841595 |
| molecular identification of enterocytozoon bieneusi, cryptosporidium, and giardia in brazilian captive birds. | a total of 85 fecal samples from captive birds collected from october 2013 to september 2014 in uberlândia and belo horizonte in the state of minas gerais (brazil) were evaluated for the presence of enterocytozoon bieneusi, cryptosporidium, and giardia by pcr. of these, three birds were found positive for e. bieneusi (3.5%), two for cryptosporidium (2.3%), and one for giardia (1.2%). two genotypes of e. bieneusi were detected by nucleotide sequence analysis of the its region, genotypes d and per ... | 2017 | 27815734 |
| annotated draft genome sequences of three species of cryptosporidium: cryptosporidium meleagridis isolate ukmel1, c. baileyi isolate tamu-09q1 and c. hominis isolates tu502_2012 and ukh1. | human cryptosporidiosis is caused primarily by cryptosporidium hominis, c. parvum and c. meleagridis. to accelerate research on parasites in the genus cryptosporidium, we generated annotated, draft genome sequences of human c. hominis isolates tu502_2012 and ukh1, c. meleagridis ukmel1, also isolated from a human patient, and the avian parasite c. baileyi tamu-09q1. the annotation of the genome sequences relied in part on rnaseq data generated from the oocyst stage of both c. hominis and c. bail ... | 2016 | 27519257 |
| efficacy of a potential dna vaccine encoding cryptosporidium baileyi rhomboid protein against homologous challenge in chickens. | the parasite cryptosporidium baileyi can infect the larynx, trachea, bursa and cloaca of poultry, causing high mortality during severe infection and leading to substantial economic losses of the poultry industry. the rhomboid protein is very important in cryptosporidium infection. in this study, a nucleic acid based vaccine candidate pegfp-cbrom was constructed. after orally challenging with c. baileyi oocysts, the corresponding immune responses induced were analyzed and the immunoprotective eff ... | 2016 | 27369569 |
| multiyear survey of coccidia, cryptosporidia, microsporidia, histomona, and hematozoa in wild quail in the rolling plains ecoregion of texas and oklahoma, usa. | we developed nested pcr protocols and performed a multiyear survey on the prevalence of several protozoan parasites in wild northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus) and scaled quail (callipepla squamata) in the rolling plains ecoregion of texas and oklahoma (i.e. fecal pellets, bird intestines and blood smears collected between 2010 and 2013). coccidia, cryptosporidia, and microsporidia were detected in 46.2%, 11.7%, and 44.0% of the samples (n = 687), whereas histomona and hematozoa were undetec ... | 2017 | 27222431 |
| cryptosporidium infections of ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) from an intensive artificial breeding programme in the czech republic. | from july to november 2012, preliminary coprological examinations were carried out on 85 pooled faecal samples of different aged ring-necked pheasants (phasianus colchicus) (hatches from may until july) from an intensive artificial breeding programme in the czech republic. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 12 samples (14.1 %) of ages >12 weeks (august-september). these results were supported by findings of cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis oocysts in intestinal, or c ... | 2016 | 26815038 |
| dynamics of th17 associating cytokines in cryptosporidium parvum-infected mice. | cryptosporidium parvum commonly inhabits the intestinal tract of animals and humans and can cause acute watery diarrhea and weight loss. however, host immune responses to cryptosporidium infections are not fully understood. il-17 (also called il-17a) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine of th17 cells that plays a role in the host response to cryptosporidium baileyi infection. the present study examined levels of il-17-specific messenger rna (mrna) and th17 associating cytokines in c. parvum-infected i ... | 2016 | 26593737 |
| first finding of spontaneous infections with cryptosporidium baileyi and c. meleagridis in the red-legged partridge alectoris rufa from an aviary in the czech republic. | this paper represents the first report of spontaneous infection with cryptosporidium baileyi and cryptosporidium meleagridis in the red-legged partridge (alectoris rufa), as well as the percentage of positive samples and age-associated dynamics of cryptosporidial infections in an aviary in the czech republic. the entire infection process was monitored over two semesters (july-december 2012 and 2013) until release of birds for hunting purposes. coprological examination of 663 pooled fecal samples ... | 2015 | 25814162 |
| molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp. in domestic pigeons (columba livia domestica) in guangdong province, southern china. | to investigate the prevalence and assess the zoonotic transmission burden of cryptosporidium species in domestic pigeons in guangdong province, southern china, 244 fecal samples were collected from four pigeon breeding farms between june 2012 and march 2013. cryptosporidium oocysts were purified by sheather's sugar flotation technique and characterized by dna sequencing of small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene. cryptosporidium species were determined by comparison of sequences with corresp ... | 2015 | 25773186 |
| an in vitro model of infection of chicken embryos by cryptosporidium baileyi. | cryptosporidiosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infections in domesticated, caged and wild birds. cryptosporidium baileyi is the most common species reported in a wide range of avian hosts. although this parasite is well investigated, there is no adequate in vitro model for its endogenous development, and therefore, knowledge of each life cycle phase is scarce. in the present study, an in vitro model for c. baileyi in chicken embryos was developed and the complete life cycle investigate ... | 2014 | 25448358 |
| natural infection of cryptosporidium muris in ostriches (struthio camelus). | a total of 303 fecal samples were collected from ostriches (struthio camelus) and 31 samples (10.2%) were cryptosporidium-positive upon microscopic analysis. the infection rate was 27.6% in ostriches aged 16-60 days, 1.2% in those aged 61-180 days, and 20.4% in those aged >10 years. the cryptosporidium-positive isolates were genotyped with a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and dna sequence analysis of the small subunit (ssu) rrna gene. the 22 isolates from ostriches aged >10 ye ... | 2014 | 25178556 |