| possible errors in identification of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) from different south american points of export. | we conducted karyological studies on one colony consisting of 12 colombian and 34 bolivian squirrel monkeys and a second colony of 47 monkeys imported into the united states between 1968 and 1974 through six importers. all animals in the first colony showed six acrocentric pairs of chromosomes. bolivian monkeys were phenotypically distinguishable by their large size and coloration. in the second colony, 19 peruvian, seven colombian, five bolivian and six guyanan monkeys were correctly identified ... | 1978 | 101666 |
| social organization and social behavior in two subspecies of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | social organization and social behavior were examined in two subspecies of squirrel monkeys which differ markedly in the degree of sexual dimorphism. the bolivian squirrel monkeys, the subspecies with greater sexual dimorphism, manifested a sexually segregated form of social organization, while the social organization of the guyanese monkeys was sexually integrated. dominance relationships were found to reflect these patterns of sexual segregation or integration; in the bolivian social groups se ... | 1978 | 102567 |
| mating-related estradiol fluctuations during the estrous cycle of the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | the female squirrel monkey, saimiri boliviensis, a new world monkey, has 10-day estrous cycles during the annual breeding season. measurements of serum estradiol (e) concentrations in females housed with males in breeding pens revealed markedly higher levels than previously reported. additionally, females in breeding pens appeared to have two distinct patterns of serum e peaks relative to the lh surge. serum estrogen peaks averaging 5-fold greater than levels on the preceding day were observed o ... | 1991 | 2043735 |
| intestinal trichomonads (tritrichomonas mobilensis) in the natural host saimiri sciureus and saimiri boliviensis. | a retrospective study of cecal and colonic tissues from 28 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus and saimiri boliviensis) demonstrated enteric trichomonads within luminal crypts. twenty-one of 28 (75%) had trichomonads in the mucosal epithelium either in cup-like depressions or intraepithelial vacuoles. organisms were also beneath the superficial luminal mucosal epithelium and between the basement membrane and crypt epithelial cells. immunoperoxidase staining also identified organisms within the la ... | 1989 | 2711571 |
| intensification and habituation of experimental motion sickness in squirrel monkeys by repeated horizontal rotation. | the aim of this research was to quantify the development of habituation or intensification of experimental motion sickness induced in bolivian squirrel monkeys by repeated exposures to horizontal rotation. incidence, frequency, and latency of vomiting responses were recorded from monkeys rotated daily in a transparent testing chamber at 30 rpm for periods of 1 or 2 hours. data showed that more than half of the subjects revealed habituation in terms of increased latencies for vomiting. some showe ... | 1986 | 3088528 |
| distribution characteristics and relationships between hematologic variables of healthy bolivian squirrel monkeys. | | 1987 | 3613518 |
| serum oestradiol, progesterone, chorionic gonadotrophin and prolactin concentrations during pregnancy in the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | concentrations of chorionic gonadotrophin gradually increased during early pregnancy, reached maximum values at mid-gestation, then declined to low levels. oestradiol-17 beta concentrations were relatively low (300-600 pg/ml) during early pregnancy, increased thereafter to high levels (10-35 ng/ml), and then appeared to decline towards term. concentrations of progesterone were constant (100-200 ng/ml) for the first 15 weeks of gestation, suggesting that sequential measurements of progesterone co ... | 1987 | 3656275 |
| characterization of gilbert-like syndrome in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | bolivian squirrel monkeys, unlike those of brazilian origin, exhibit a marked fasting hyperbilirubinemia (fh) similar to that observed in gilbert's syndrome in man. since no delays in the hepatic clearance of sulfobromophthalein or indocyanine green are present, the bolivian monkey appears to be similar to gilbert's type i syndrome. fh can be significantly decreased by either phenobarbital or tin-protoporphyrin pretreatment. nicotinic acid-induced hyperbilirubinemia and delayed tolbutamide clear ... | 1985 | 3999115 |
| progesterone as a predictor of cyclicity in bolivian squirrel monkeys during the breeding season. | in a squirrel monkey breeding colony, two distinct groups of females were observed during the breeding season, december through march. one had low and the other had high estradiol (e2) and progesterone (p) concentrations. the conception rate in females with high e2 and p values was 74%. however, only 25% of monkeys with low steroid concentrations became pregnant during the breeding season. this study showed that all mature females in a colony may not be cycling concurrently and that two serum p ... | 1985 | 4039012 |
| play as physical flexibility training in five ceboid primates. | instantaneous focal animal sampling of positional behavior (posture and locomotion) during the play and nonplay of adults and juveniles of 5 ceboid monkeys (alouatta palliata, ateles geoffroyi, cacajao calvus, cebus capucinus, and saimiri boliviensis) in an optimal design field study of the function of play as physical flexibility training produced a sample of 98,261 observations. analyses of 67 distinct modes of positional behavior demonstrated that significantly enhanced rates of suspension an ... | 1994 | 7924251 |
| strategy using pooled dna to identify 56 short tandem repeat polymorphisms for the bolivian squirrel monkey. | | 1996 | 8891203 |
| cloning and expression of the glucocorticoid receptor from the squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis), a glucocorticoid-resistant primate. | new world primates such as the squirrel monkey have elevated cortisol levels and glucocorticoid resistance. we have shown that the apparent binding affinity of the glucocorticoid receptor in squirrel monkey lymphocytes is 5-fold lower than that in human lymphocytes (apparent kd, 20.9 +/- 1.8 and 4.3 +/- 0.2 nmol/l, respectively; n = 3), consistent with previous studies in mononuclear leukocytes isolated from the two species. as a first step in understanding the mechanism of decreased binding aff ... | 1997 | 9024238 |
| adaptation of a strain of plasmodium vivax from mauritania to new world monkeys and anopheline mosquitoes. | a strain of plasmodium vivax from mauritania was adapted to develop in aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus nancymai, saimiri boliviensis, and hybrid aotus monkeys. infections were induced via the inoculation of sporozoites dissected from the salivary glands of anopheles gambiae, anopheles freeborni, and anopheles stephensi mosquitoes or the intravenous passage of infected erythrocytes. infections in 3 a. lemurinus griseimembra monkeys readily infected mosquitoes. four lines of the mauritania par ... | 1998 | 9645868 |
| sequences and evolution of human and squirrel monkey blue opsin genes. | the sequences of the entire blue opsin gene in the squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis) and the five introns of the human blue opsin gene were obtained. intron 3 of these genes contains an alu sequence and intron 4 contains a partial mer13 sequence. a comparison of the squirrel monkey opsin sequence with published mammalian opsin sequences shows that features believed to be functionally critical are all conserved. however, the blue opsin has evolved twice as fast as rhodopsin and is only as con ... | 1997 | 9089077 |
| protective immunity induced in squirrel monkeys with a multiple antigen construct against the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium vivax. | saimiri boliviensis monkeys were immunized with a multiple antigen construct [(pvcs)2]2(p2)2 directed against the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium vivax or a combination of the multiple antigen construct with nonionic copolymer p1005, with p1005 and lipopolysaccharide, with muramyl tripeptide mf-75, or with alum. following intravenous challenge with 10,000 sporozoites of the salvador i strain of p. vivax, 11 of the 26 monkeys were protected against patent parasitemia. ten additional animal ... | 1997 | 9080881 |
| spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma in saimiri boliviensis. | hepatocellular carcinomas are rare in nonhuman primates. in this study we found the first naturally occurring hepatocellular carcinoma in a squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis) of at least 24 years of age. in the necropsy, the liver was cirrhotic and contained multiple tumorous nodules, which varied in diameter from 3 to 15 mm. the lungs also contained small neoplastic masses. in the histological study, samples of liver, lungs, and other organs were taken and fixed in 10% buffered formalin, emb ... | 1996 | 8952037 |
| fasting hyperbilirubinemia in bolivian squirrel monkeys with a gilbert's-like syndrome. | fasting unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in bolivian squirrel monkeys is most likely due to two mechanisms. first, a twofold increase in bilirubin production/turnover occurs during fasting. increased bilirubin production is subsequently accompanied by increased amounts of unconjugated bilirubin in the hepatic cytosol, which requires conjugation for excretion. the presence of a twofold greater concentration of bilirubin in the livers of fed bosm with the gilbert's-like syndrome than in fed control ... | 1993 | 8273512 |
| equine fasting hyperbilirubinemia. | it appears that different mechanisms responsible for fasting hyperbilirubinemia may be operative in different mammalian species (and subspecies). an increase in bilirubin production does not seem to occur in the horse, but a decrease in the hepatic uptake of bilirubin has been supported by a number of studies. even though the delay in plasma elimination could also result from a decrease in hepatic blood flow, this possibility does not seem to play a major role since the hepatic uptake of compoun ... | 1993 | 8273511 |
| microsatellite polymorphisms in bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis). | two different approaches were used to identify new microsatellite polymorphisms among captive bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis). in the first case, pcr primers for published human microsatellite loci were screened using genomic dna from squirrel monkeys. six polymorphic loci were identified using dna samples from 19 unrelated individuals. the average heterozygosity among these six loci is 0.73. in the second set of experiments, a dna library was created from saimiri genomic dna, an ... | 1999 | 10189225 |
| stillbirth of twins in a squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis peruviensis). | this is the first published report of twinning in a squirrel monkey (genus saimiri). the mother survived but the twins, both male and close to full term, were stillborn. | 1993 | 8230179 |
| restoration of oocyte maturational competency during the nonbreeding season with follicle-stimulating hormone stimulation in squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | the in vitro maturation potential of oocytes retrieved during the nonbreeding season with or without prior in vivo low-dose fsh stimulation was studied in adult squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). additionally, the adequacy of various protein supplements in media used for oocyte maturation was investigated. ovaries were removed from animals in the nonbreeding season (n = 9) with or without prior treatment with a low dose (1 mg) of fsh for four days before ovariectomy. minimal est ... | 1994 | 8142548 |
| the effects of nutrition on unconjugated plasma bilirubin concentrations in squirrel monkeys. | bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) have fasting unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (males: 2.0 +/- 0.14; females: 3.0 +/- 0.26 mg per dl) which resembles that of humans with gilbert's syndrome. closely related brazilian squirrel monkeys have fasting levels (males: 0.29 +/- 0.045; females: 0.36 +/- 0.073 mg per dl) similar to normal people. the purpose of this study was to identify the underlying mechanisms and the nutritional factors involved. both bolivian and brazilian squirrel monkeys ... | 1984 | 6724513 |
| herpesvirus saimiri strain variability. | herpesvirus saimiri was isolated from 22 squirrel monkeys by cocultivation of peripheral lymphocytes with permissive owl monkey kidney monolayer cells. comparison of virion dna fragments produced from restriction endonuclease digestion was used as a sensitive measure of strain variability. although all isolates contained similarities and common features, 19 of the 22 were readily distinguished. three of the isolates, however, were indistinguishable and possibly were related epidemiologically. di ... | 1982 | 6287011 |
| serum hormone patterns during abortion in the bolivian squirrel monkey. | serum measurements of chorionic gonadotropin (cg), estradiol (e-2) and progesterone (p) were used to describe patterns of hormonal change in bolivian squirrel monkeys undergoing spontaneous abortion. during early pregnancy, serum cg levels gradually increased, reaching maximum levels at the end of the first 50 days of pregnancy (range: 200-1964 ug protein/ml). e-2 concentrations also increased to high levels (10-30 ng/ml) toward the end of pregnancy, while serum p remained fairly constant at lev ... | 1985 | 4094399 |
| hematologic values of normal bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus): a comparison between wild-caught and laboratory-bred male animals. | complete and differential blood counts were conducted on 23 male squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) of bolivian origin. the sample included 9 laboratory-bred and 14 wild-caught adult monkeys weighing between 600 and 1,500 g. the means of total white blood cell (wbc) counts, total hemoglobin and hematocrits of laboratory-bred animals were found to be significantly different from those of wild-caught monkeys (p less than 0.01). other hematologic parameters showed no significant differences betwee ... | 1985 | 4043872 |
| tritrichomonas mobilensis n. sp. (zoomastigophorea: trichomonadida) from the bolivian squirrel monkey saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. | a trichomonad flagellate, tritrichomonas mobilensis n. sp., is described from the large intestine of the squirrel monkey, saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. the organism has a lanceolate body 7-10.5 micrometers in length; a well developed undulating membrane; a stout, tubular axostyle with periaxostylar rings that terminate in a cone-shaped segment projecting from the posterior end of the cell; and a moderately wide costa. the anterior flagella are about as long as the body, and the recurrent flag ... | 1986 | 3735158 |
| correlative clinical biochemistry and hematological profiles of laboratory-bred bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | twenty-five clinical and biochemical parameters were determined on 17 normal, male, laboratory-bred bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). parallel hematologic parameters were conducted. the correlation of biochemical and hematological observations and the distribution characteristics, range, and standard error of the mean were determined. the purpose of the present communication is to establish baseline biochemical values for laboratory-bred squirrel monkeys and to present a correlative ... | 1987 | 3625758 |
| pathologic changes associated with fatal plasmodium falciparum infection in the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus boliviensis). | fatal cases of experimental plasmodium falciparum (indochina i) in bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus boliviensis) were examined by histologic and ultrastructural methods. gross lesions were characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and interstitial pulmonary changes. histologically, there was marked diffuse reticuloendothelial hyperplasia, pulmonary alveolar septal thickening, mesangioproliferative glomerulonephropathy, sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes in deep vascular beds, degener ... | 1987 | 3300388 |
| bilirubin excretion and bile flow in fed and fasted brazilian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | fasted brazilian squirrel monkeys (brsms) exhibited slightly higher serum bilirubin levels (0.30 +/- 0.05 mg/dl) than others in the fed state (0.13 +/- 0.01). the mean liver weight was 50% lower following a 22 h fast. the rate of bile flow was unaffected by fasting and averaged 13.8 microliters/min/kg and 47.5 microliters/min/100g liver in six brsms. no significant difference in mean bilirubin excretion/min was observed on a body weight basis following fasting. when the mean rate of bilirubin ex ... | 1989 | 2588480 |
| abundance, diversity, and patterns of distribution of primates on the tapiche river in amazonian peru. | this work presents data on the relative diversity, abundance, and distribution patterns of primates in a 20 km2 area of the tapiche river in the peruvian amazon. population data were collected while the study area was both inundated and dry (march to september 1997) using conventional line-transect census techniques. survey results reflected the presence of 11 primate species, but population parameters on only eight of the species will be presented, including saddleback tamarins (saguinus fuscic ... | 2001 | 11376449 |
| the susceptibility of rhesus monkeys to motion sickness. | the susceptibility of rhesus monkeys to motion sickness was investigated using test conditions that are provocative for eliciting motion sickness in squirrel monkeys. ten male rhesus monkeys and ten male bolivian squirrel monkeys were rotated in the vertical axis at 150 degrees/s for a maximum duration of 45 min. each animal was tested in two conditions, continuous rotation and intermittent rotation. none of the rhesus monkeys vomited during the motion tests but all of the squirrel monkeys did. ... | 1990 | 2241745 |
| overexpression of the fk506-binding immunophilin fkbp51 is the common cause of glucocorticoid resistance in three new world primates. | many new world primates have high circulating levels of cortisol to compensate for the expression of glucocorticoid receptors (grs) with low activity. recent work in squirrel monkeys has suggested that this may be due to either the expression of grs that are transcriptionally incompetent or the expression of an fk506-binding immunophilin that inhibits gr binding. the goal of this study was to resolve this controversy by determining the molecular basis of glucocorticoid resistance not only in spe ... | 2001 | 11703081 |
| adaptation of a strain of plasmodium vivax from india to new world monkeys, chimpanzees, and anopheline mosquitoes. | a strain of plasmodium vivax from india was adapted to develop in splenectomized saimiri boliviensis, aotus lemurinus griseimembra, a vociferans, a. nancymai, a. azarae boliviensis, hybrid aotus monkeys, and splenectomized chimpanzees. infections were induced via the inoculation of sporozoites dissected from the salivary glands of anopheles stephensi and an. dirus mosquitoes to 12 aotus and 8 saimiri monkeys; transmission via the bites of infected an. stephensi was made to 1 aotus monkey and 1 c ... | 2001 | 11780828 |
| infection of aotus and saimiri monkeys with plasmodium gonderi. | attempts were made to infect 4 species of new world monkeys (saimiri boliviensis, aotus nancymai, a. vociferans, a. azarae boliviensis) with plasmodium gonderi, a malaria parasite of african monkeys. sporozoites were obtained from anopheles dirus or a. stephensi mosquitoes that fed on an infected rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta). inoculation of sporozoites was by injection of dissected sporozoites by either the intravenous or intrahepatic routes, or by mosquito bite. liver biopsies done 7 or 8 day ... | 2002 | 12054031 |
| increased carbon monoxide excretion in bolivian squirrel monkeys with fasting hyperbilirubinemia. | pulmonary carbon monoxide (co) excretion rates (veco) were 50% greater, on average, in bolivian squirrel monkeys (bosms) which exhibit a unique fasting hyperbilirubinemia (fh), than in fasted control brazilian squirrel monkeys (brsms). since the catabolism of heme produces equimolar amounts of co and bilirubin, the increased vecos are consistent with concurrent increases in endogenous bilirubin production rates. tin-protoporphyrin, a competitive inhibitor of heme oxygenase, significantly decreas ... | 1990 | 2213857 |
| a kidney epithelial cell line from a bolivian squirrel monkey. | squirrel monkeys are the most commonly used new world primates in biomedical research, but in vitro studies are restricted by the limited number of cell lines available from this species. we report here the development and characterization of a continuous, kidney epithelial cell line (sqmk-fp cells) derived from a newborn squirrel monkey. karyotype was consistent with bolivian squirrel monkey (submetacentric chromosome pair 15 and acrocentric chromosome pair 16). all cells examined were hyperdip ... | 2002 | 12418921 |
| hepatic bilirubin and udp-glucuronate levels in bolivian squirrel monkeys exhibiting fasting hyperbilirubinemia. | 1. bolivian squirrel monkeys (bosms), which are animal models for gilbert's syndrome, have 40% less hepatic bilirubin udp-glucuronyltransferase (br-uppg-t) activity than brazilian squirrel monkeys (brsms). 2. although fasting results in similar decreases in hepatic udp-glucose and udp-glucuronate levels in both simian subspecies, increased activities (55%) of br-udpg-t are induced only in the fasted control brsms, which do not exhibit the marked fasting hyperbilirubinemia (fh). 3. total hepatic ... | 1990 | 2109708 |
| endogenous bilirubin excretion in bolivian squirrel monkeys with a gilbert's-like syndrome. | fasted bolivian squirrel monkeys (bosm) exhibit a marked hyperbilirubinemia when compared to fed bosm. this fasting hyperbilirubinemia (fh) is similar to that in human patients with gilbert's syndrome. endogenous bilirubin (br) excretion (production) into bile was elevated two-fold in bosm upon fasting. the fraction of injected dose of 3 h-amino-levulinic acid (ala) incorporated into biliary br in fasted monkeys was of less magnitude than in fed monkeys and was associated with lower specific act ... | 1991 | 1895336 |
| kinetic properties of bilirubin udp-glucuronyltransferase in squirrel monkeys exhibiting fasting hyperbilirubinemia. | 1. bolivian squirrel monkeys (bosm), unlike brazilian squirrel monkeys (brsm), exhibit a marked fasting hyperbilirubinemia (fh) and serve as animal models for gilbert's syndrome type i. 2. compared to brsm, bosm possess a higher apparent udpgakm (0.51 vs 0.29 mm) and lower vm (0.36 vs 0.48 nmol br conjugated/min per mg microsomal protein) for hepatic bilirubin (br) udp-glucuronyl-transferase (br udpg-t). 3. lineweaver-burk plots are linear and obey michaelis-menten kinetics when udp-acetylglucos ... | 1991 | 1773892 |
| osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in bolivian and brazilian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | median corpuscular fragility of erythrocytes does not differ significantly between fed and fasted bolivian and brazilian squirrel monkeys and are similar to values reported in humans and rhesus monkeys. this report further confirms that the fasting hyperbilirubinemia present only in bolivian squirrel monkeys with a gilbert-like syndrome is not due to an increased fragility of erythrocytes and should be classified as a nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. | 1991 | 1757975 |
| [finding of trypanosoma cruzi chagas 1909 in the monkey, saimiri boliviensis, from amazonia, peru]. | | 1961 | 13965715 |
| fasting hyperbilirubinemia in normal squirrel monkeys. | the plasma of bolivian squirrel monkeys, unlike that of brazilian squirrel monkeys, is markedly yellow due to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia after an overnight fast. the fasting hyperbilirubinemia in bolivian squirrel monkeys is likely due to two mechanisms. first, a twofold increase in the bilirubin turnover/production rate occurs during a 24-hour fast. a second mechanism is the decreased hepatic conjugation potential for bilirubin due to the presence of a higher bilirubin udp-glucuronosyltran ... | 1992 | 1316506 |
| clinical description of tetanus in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | nineteen cases of clinical tetanus developed in bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) which were housed in outdoor corrals with soil-based floors. the disease was initially characterized by stiffness in gait followed by extensor rigidity, trismus and opisthotonus. eleven of the 19 monkeys (58%) had evidence of external wounds. the case fatality rate was 100%. tetanus accounted for 12% of adult female and 19% of adult male mortalities in the colony. immunization with tetanus toxoid was eff ... | 1979 | 110981 |
| a survey for helminth parasites in feral new world non-human primate populations and its comparison with parasitological data from man in the region. | a survey for helminth parasites in feral new world non-human primates was conducted and compared with parasitological data from man in the region. a total of 835 fecal samples were collected from feral aotus nancymae, a. vociferans, saguinus labiatus, s. mystax, saimiri boliviensis peruviensis, s. sciureus macrodon, lagothrix lagotricha and cacajao calvus rubicundus. in addition, adult parasites were collected from necropsies performed on monkeys that died during quarantine and in captivity. hel ... | 2003 | 14641789 |
| comparative normal levels of serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine in nonhuman primates. | normative values were obtained for triiodothyronine and thyroxine from four species of old world primate (chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, african green monkeys and talopoin monkeys) and a single species of new world primate (squirrel monkeys) represented by two subspecies, colombian and bolivian. the bolivian squirrel monkeys exhibited the lowest values for both triiodothyronine and thyroxine. male talapoins had the highest levels of thyroxine. significant differences were found in levels of triiod ... | 1979 | 110976 |
| presence of platelet-activating factor in squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis) spermatozoa: seasonal differences. | platelet-activating factor (1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-choline) (paf) is a potent signaling phospholipid which has pleiotropic biological properties in addition to platelet activation. paf has been detected in the spermatozoa in a number of species. the concentration of paf is inversely related to human spermatozoa quality. there are no reports on the presence of paf in nonhuman primate spermatozoa. therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine if paf is present ... | 1998 | 9651652 |
| additional observations on the sporozoite transmission of plasmodium knowlesi to monkeys. | saimiri boliviensis monkeys were infected by the intravenous injection of 50 sporozoites of the h strain of plasmodium knowlesi dissected from the salivary glands of anopheles dirus mosquitoes; prepatent periods were 11, 12, 13, 13, 13, and 16 days. sporozoites of p. knowlesi stored frozen for 7 days, 53 days, 20 mo, 7 yr and 7 mo, and 11 yr and 5 mo induced infections in macaca mulatta monkeys with prepatent periods of 7, 6, 8, 10, and 7 days, respectively. after frozen storage for 11 yr and 5 ... | 2004 | 15357085 |
| penile vibratory stimulation yields increased spermatozoa and accessory gland production compared with rectal electroejaculation in a neurologically intact primate (saimiri boliviensis). | assisted reproductive techniques require an efficient semen collection procedure in cases of ejaculatory dysfunction. anejaculation may be of psychogenic or neurogenic origin but can be overcome with stimulatory techniques. penile vibratory stimulation (pvs) therapy for anejaculation has recently emerged as an alternative to rectal probe electroejaculation (rpe) and more invasive testicular procedures. comparison of the stimulatory procedures in neurologically intact subjects is not ethically po ... | 1998 | 9806278 |
| determination of fetal biparietal diameter without the use of ultrasound in squirrel monkeys. | this study evaluated manual caliper measurement of fetal bpd in saimiri through the abdomen of the dam (tbpd) for correlation with paired ultrasound measurements, prediction of delivery date, subspecies variation, prediction of pregnancy outcome, and correlation between postpartum bpd and tbpd. regression analysis revealed a close relationship between tbpd measurements and those obtained by ultrasound (p < 0.001). tbpd for saimiri boliviensis boliviensis increased from a mean of 14.8 +/- 0.3 mm ... | 1998 | 9926983 |
| elevated ovarian expression and serum concentration of alpha inhibin in the luteal phase during follicular development in the squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis) compared to the human. | the goal of the present investigation was to determine in the squirrel monkey the source and pattern of inhibin, a hormone known to effect reproductive steroid levels via pituitary and ovarian mechanisms. since this seasonally polyestrous species is known to have elevated serum levels of reproductive steroids compared to other primates, the levels of ovarian alpha subunit mrna expression and serum total alpha inhibin, estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone were measured and compared to ... | 1999 | 9973269 |
| glucocorticoid-resistant b-lymphoblast cell line derived from the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | the goal of the study reported here was to develop a continuous cell line from the squirrel monkey that expresses the species-specific phenotype of impaired sensitivity to glucocorticoids. thirty milliliters of blood from a male bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) was fractionated, and the buffy coat was obtained and incubated in the presence of b95-8 cell-conditioned medium, an abundant source of epstein-barr virus (ebv), and 2 micrograms of cyclosporin a/ml. cell growth ... | 1998 | 10090044 |
| infection of saimiri boliviensis monkeys with plasmodium coatneyi. | abundant, apparently normally developing, liver-stage parasites of plasmodium coatneyi were demonstrated following injection of sporozoites dissected from the salivary glands of anopheles dirus mosquitoes. erythrocytic development was not demonstrated. | 2005 | 15986634 |
| studies on infections with the berok strain of plasmodium cynomolgi in monkeys and mosquitoes. | infections with the berok strain of plasmodium cynomolgi were induced in macaca mulatta, macaca fascicularis, macaca nemestrina, aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus azarae boliviensis, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys. transmission was obtained with sporozoites developing in anopheles peditaeniatus, anopheles maculatus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, anopheles culicifacies, and anopheles dirus mosquitoes. this strain of p. cynomolgi offers significant potential for a number of experimental studies. t ... | 1999 | 10219307 |
| presence of platelet-activating factor in rhesus (macaca mulatta) spermatozoa. | platelet-activating factor [1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine; paf] is a unique signaling phospholipid which has been implicated in a number of biological activities (e.g., reproduction). paf has been detected in the spermatozoa from a number of laboratory and domestic species, including, but not limited to, rabbit, bovine, and the mouse. the concentration of paf is inversely related to human (homo sapien) spermatozoal quality. additionally, paf levels are significantly higher in boli ... | 1999 | 10372538 |
| cortisol metabolism in the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | new world squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.) have high circulating cortisol levels but normal electrolytes and blood pressures. the goal of the present study was to gain insight into adaptive mechanisms used by bolivian squirrel monkeys to minimize the effects of high cortisol on mineralocorticoid receptor (mr) activity and electrolyte and water balance. aldosterone levels in serum from 10 squirrel monkeys were 17.7 +/- 3.4 ng/dl (normal range in humans, 4 to 31 ng/dl), suggesting that squirrel mon ... | 2006 | 16639980 |
| adaptation of the amru-1 strain of plasmodium vivax to aotus and saimiri monkeys and to four species of anopheline mosquitoes. | a chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium vivax (amru-1) from papua new guinea has been adapted to grow in 4 species of aotus monkeys (aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus vaciferans, aotus nancymai, and aotus azarae boliviensis), hybrid aotus monkeys, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys. whereas it was possible to infect saimiri monkeys with this parasite by inoculation of parasitized erythrocytes, only 42% of saimiri monkeys became infected, compared to 92% of aotus monkeys attempted. comparativ ... | 1999 | 10461947 |
| testing the efficacy of a recombinant merozoite surface protein (msp-1(19) of plasmodium vivax in saimiri boliviensis monkeys. | saimiri boliviensis monkeys were immunized with the yeast-expressed recombinant protein yp2p30pv200(19). the antigen consisted of the c-terminus (amino acid asn1622-ser1729) of the merozoite surface protein 1 of the plasmodium vivax salvador i strain. two universal t helper cell epitopes (p2 and p30) of tetanus toxin and six histidine residues for purification purposes were attached to the n- and c-termini, respectively. four groups of five monkeys were given three immunizations at four-week int ... | 1999 | 10466960 |
| the composition of milk from bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | squirrel monkeys (genus saimiri) give birth to relatively large neonates with large, fast-growing brains. maternal energy expenditure during gestation and infant development is argued to be high, but may be offset by the provisioning of offspring by females other than the mother (allonursing). milk composition is an important component of maternal energy expenditure, but has been examined in only a small number of primate species. here, we report on the milk composition from laboratory-housed bo ... | 2008 | 17538959 |
| observations on the sporozoite transmission of plasmodium vivax to monkeys. | saimiri boliviensis monkeys were infected via sporozoites with the salvador i strain of plasmodium vivax that had been stored frozen for periods ranging from 12 to 5,312 days. prepatent periods ranged from 16 to 53 days. | 2008 | 18372652 |
| "rodent-like" and "primate-like" types of astroglial architecture in the adult cerebral cortex of mammals: a comparative study. | previous observations disclosed that astroglia with interlaminar processes were present in the cerebral cortex of adult new and old world monkeys, but not in the rat, and scarcely in the prosimian microcebus murinus. the present report is a more systematic and comprehensive comparative analysis of the occurrence of such processes in the cerebral cortex of several mammalian species. brain samples were obtained from adult individuals from the following orders: carnivora (canine), rodentia (rat and ... | 2000 | 10672363 |
| impaired transactivation of the glucocorticoid receptor cloned from the guyanese squirrel monkey. | squirrel monkeys are among a diverse group of new world primates that demonstrate unusually high levels of circulating corticosteroids and glucocorticoid receptor (gr) insensitivity. recent evidence suggests that overexpression of an immunophilin impairs dexamethasone binding to gr in the bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis). here we describe the cloning, expression, and functional characterization of gr from the closely related guyanese squirrel monkey (s. sciureus). the cloned guyane ... | 2000 | 10775802 |
| social stress in pregnant squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis peruviensis) differentially affects placental transfer of maternal antibody to male and female infants. | the capacity of prenatal stress to disrupt the placental transfer of maternal antibody was evaluated in neonatal squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis peruviensis) gestated under different pregnancy conditions. normal squirrel monkey offspring (n = 63) were compared with infants generated from pregnancies that involved either a single or 3 periods of disturbance (ns = 21 and 29, respectively). at parturition, levels of antibody (igg) were determined in mothers and neonates. only the chronic dist ... | 2000 | 11129358 |
| midcycle and luteal elevations of follicle stimulating hormone in squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis) during the estrous cycle. | follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) has fundamental importance in reproductive function, but its cyclic pattern has not previously been described in the squirrel monkey, due primarily to the lack of a suitable assay. an homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) based on recombinant cynomolgus fsh measured changes in serum fsh relative to patterns of bioactive luteinizing hormone (lh), estradiol, and progesterone during the estrous cycle. fsh was observed to have a sharp peak during the late follicular ph ... | 2000 | 11132114 |
| efficacy of vaccines containing rhoptry-associated proteins rap1 and rap2 of plasmodium falciparum in saimiri boliviensis monkeys. | a vaccine trial was conducted with rhoptry-associated proteins 1 and 2 (rap1 and rap2) of plasmodium falciparum in saimiri boliviensis monkeys to compare the ability of parasite-derived (pfrap1 and 2) and recombinant proteins (rrap1 and 2) to induce protective immune responses and to find adjuvants suitable for use in humans. eight groups of 6 monkeys each were immunized with parasite-derived or recombinant rap1 and 2 with freund's complete adjuvant (fca) followed by freund's incomplete adjuvant ... | 2000 | 11220762 |
| adaptation of a chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium vivax from indonesia to new world monkeys. | the spread of chloroquine-resistant plasmodium vivax from papua new guinea and indonesia poses a serious health threat to areas of southeast asia where this species of malaria parasite is endemic. a strain of p. vivax from indonesia was adapted to develop in splenectomized aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus vociferans, aotus nancymai, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys. transmission to splenectomized saimiri monkeys was obtained via sporozoites. chemotherapeutic studies indicated that the strain w ... | 2000 | 11220765 |
| milk composition of captive tufted capuchins (cebus apella). | little is known about the milk composition of nonhuman primates, and it has never been examined in capuchin monkeys (genus cebus). this article reports on the macronutrient milk composition (fat, crude protein (cp), lactose, dry matter (dm), and total gross energy (ge)) of captive housed tufted capuchins (cebus apella) (n=8). c. apella milk averaged 5.22% fat, 2.40% cp, 6.94% lactose, 16.48% dm, and 0.89 kcal/g. fat was the most variable macronutrient and was significantly higher in samples coll ... | 2010 | 19827136 |
| the origin of four squirrel monkey cell lines established by karyotype analysis. | the squirrel monkey is a neotropical primate genus which is widely used in biomedical research but includes individual species and subspecies that respond differently to experimental perturbations. gtg-banding patterns of chromosomes 15 and 16, which are distinct among different squirrel monkey species and subspecies, were used to determine the origin of three lung fibroblast cell lines from squirrel monkeys of unknown genetic background (dpso 114/74, sqmklu/68, and 7603830) and to confirm the o ... | 2001 | 11528123 |
| concentrations of cadmium, zinc, copper, iron, and metallothionein in liver and kidney of nonhuman primates. | to evaluate the species specificity of cd accumulation and the relationship of cd with other essential metals and metallothionein (mt), the concentrations of cd, zn, cu, and fe in the liver and kidney and the mt concentrations in the soluble fractions of the liver and kidney were determined in cd-uncontaminated nonhuman primates (11 species, 26 individuals) kept in a zoo and two wild-caught japanese macaques. the compositions of metal-binding proteins in the soluble fractions were also investiga ... | 2002 | 12117236 |
| vibratory stimulation of ejaculation yields increased motile spermatozoa, compared with electroejaculation, in squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis). | semen sample collection in squirrel monkeys has traditionally relied on electroejaculation (ee) via the rectum; how- ever, the yield is low when anesthesia is used. an alternative method has been advocated for men with spinal cord injury that relies on penile vibratory afferent stimulation. vibratory stimulation (vs) physiologically coordinates emission and ejaculation without requiring anesthesia; this procedure was investigated in squirrel monkeys. during the breeding season, 10 donor males we ... | 1997 | 12456187 |
| cloning, expression, purification, and activity of dog (canis familiaris) and monkey (saimiri boliviensis) cathepsin s. | cathepsin s is the key protease responsible for the removal of the invariant chain from mhc class ii molecules and, as such, has attracted much attention as a target for developing immunosuppressive drugs. to help in testing candidate compounds, the monkey (saimiri boliviensis) and dog (canis familiaris) cathepsin s cdnas have been cloned. the monkey cdna sequence encodes a 330 amino acid protein with 95% homology to human cathepsin s. the dog cdna sequence encodes a 331 amino acid protein with ... | 2003 | 12651112 |
| laryngeal biomechanics and vocal communication in the squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis). | the larynges of eight squirrel monkeys were harvested, dissected, mounted on a pseudotracheal tube, and phonated using compressed air. patterns of vocal fold oscillation were compared with sound spectrograms of calls recorded from monkeys in our colony. four different regimes of vocal fold activation were identified. regime 1 resembled typical human vowel production, with regular vocal-fold vibration, a prominent fundamental frequency, and an accompanying series of harmonic overtones. this regim ... | 2003 | 12703722 |
| the development of exoerythrocytic stages of plasmodium inui shortti in new world monkeys. | attempts are being made to adapt old world monkey malarial parasites to new world monkeys for vaccine and molecular studies. several of these (plasmodium cynomolgi berok, plasmodium fragile, and plasmodium knowlesi) grow readily but have failed to produce infective gametocytes. plasmodium gonderi and plasmodium fieldi develop in the liver after sporozoite inoculation but have failed to establish infection in the erythrocyte. anopheles dirus mosquitoes infected with plasmodium inui shortti by fee ... | 2003 | 12880277 |
| [presence of a hemoflagellate resembling trypanosoma rangeli tejera 1920 in the monkey. saimiri boliviensis, in the amazon region of peru]. | | 1964 | 14160853 |
| genetic analysis of the saimiri breeding colony of the pasteur institute (french guiana): development of a molecular typing method using a combination of nuclear and mitochondrial dna markers. | saimiri (cebidae) groups a complex of species and subspecies, which present a large morphological plasticity. genetic analysis is complicated by the absence of consensus on classification criteria and the paucity of molecular tools available for the genus. as the squirrel monkey is widely used in biomedical research, breeding centers have been established, but the genetic make up and diversity of many of the existing colonies is unknown precluding a rationale breeding policy. to develop a geneti ... | 2003 | 14641788 |
| detection of a plasmodium vivax erythrocyte binding protein by flow cytometry. | the malaria parasite plasmodium vivax preferentially invades reticulocytes. it is therefore relevant for vaccine development purposes to identify and characterize p. vivax proteins that bind specifically to the surface of reticulocytes. we have developed a two-color flow cytometric erythrocyte binding assay (f-eba) that has several advantages over traditional erythrocyte binding assays (t-ebas) used in malaria research. we demonstrate the use of f-eba using the p. vivax duffy binding protein reg ... | 2005 | 15584018 |
| high incidence of the gullet worm, gongylonema pulchrum, in a squirrel monkey colony in a zoological garden in japan. | histological examination revealed the gullet worm (gongylonema pulchrum) embedded in the lingual mucosa of two of four dead bolivian squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis) from a zoological garden in kyushu, japan. the zoo had kept the monkeys as a colony of approximately 80-100 individuals in a moated, open ground since 1981. to assess the incidence of g. pulchrum infection in this colony, lingual scraping with disposable plastic sticks was conducted in february during 2 consecutive years (2003 ... | 2004 | 15631906 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of toxoplasma gondii in a colony of captive black-capped squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis). | toxoplasmosis is commonly asymptomatic; however, it can be a fatal multisystemic disease in some animal species, such as new world monkeys. an outbreak of acute fatal toxoplasmosis was reported in a colony of black-capped squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis) from the zoo of la plata, argentina. post-mortem examination of two monkeys revealed macroscopical and microscopical lesions compatible with acute toxoplasmosis. the presence of toxoplasma gondii was confirmed by immunohistochemistry on mo ... | 2015 | 26299363 |
| age-related diffuse chronic telogen effluvium- type alopecia in female squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis). | we investigated the diffuse alopecia affecting some female squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) housed in a breeding facility. we randomly selected 100 female and 10 male animals and performed a complete physical exam and a hair assessment on all animals; blood tests, trichograms, hair density; and skin biopsies in representative cases; and a dominance behavioral assessment of 50 animals. hair coat was normal in 35 female monkeys and all 10 male animals. of the 65 females with diff ... | 2005 | 15884780 |
| studies on two strains of plasmodium cynomolgi in new world and old world monkeys and mosquitoes. | infections that cause the gombak and smithsonian strains of plasmodium cynomolgi were induced in macaca mulatta, aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus nancymai, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys. transmission of the gombak strain to aotus spp. monkeys was obtained by the injection of sporozoites dissected from the salivary glands of experimentally infected anopheles dirus and by the bites of infected an. dirus and anopheles farauti mosquitoes. two s. boliviensis monkeys were infected via the injecti ... | 2005 | 15986601 |
| plasmodium simium and saimiri boliviensis as a model system for testing candidate vaccines against plasmodium vivax. | observations on plasmodium simium infections in saimiri boliviensis boliviensis monkeys suggest that this host-parasite combination would be a suitable model for the testing of candidate vaccines against plasmodium vivax. to evaluate the normal course of infections, parasitemia in 52 splenectomized s. boliviensis boliviensis monkeys infected with p. simium were analyzed. the mean maximum parasite count for 31 monkeys after injection with trophozoite-infected erythrocytes was 77,580/microl. twent ... | 2005 | 16172496 |
| ovarian stimulation of squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis boliviensis) using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. | the application of assisted reproductive technologies (art) to nonhuman primates has created opportunities for improving reproductive management in breeding colonies, and for creation of new animal models by genetic modification. one impediment to the application of art in saimiri spp. has been the lack of an effective gonadotropin preparation for ovarian stimulation. pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (pmsg) is inexpensive and readily available, but its repeated use in rhesus monkeys has been ass ... | 2006 | 16521854 |
| studies on sporozoite-induced and chronic infections with plasmodium fragile in macaca mulatta and new world monkeys. | plasmodium fragile continues to be investigated because of its biologic similarities to the human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum. two strains of p. fragile are available for study; one strain is able to infect mosquitoes, whereas the other strain is transmissible only by blood inoculation. the sri lanka strain of p. fragile was transmitted to macaca mulatta, macaca fascicularis, aotus lemurinus griseimembra, aotus nancymaae, aotus vociferans, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys via sporozoi ... | 2006 | 17152944 |
| meiotic characterization and sex determination system of neotropical primates: bolivian squirrel monkey saimiri boliviensis (primates: cebidae). | the chromosomal sex determination system differs among platyrrhine monkeys more than any other group of primates. although a number of studies have investigated mitotic chromosomes across platyrrhine species, the meiotic chromosomes of many genera have not yet been described. the goal of this study was to characterize the sex determination system of saimiri boliviensis. we described for the first time the meiotic cycle, confirming the sexual system in germ cells from testicular biopsies of four ... | 2007 | 17387714 |
| sequence length polymorphisms within primate amelogenin and amelogenin-like genes: usefulness in sex determination. | sequence length polymorphisms between the amelogenin (amelx) and the amelogenin-like (amely) genes both within and between several mammalian species have been identified and utilized for sex determination, species identification, and to elucidate evolutionary relationships. sex determination via polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays of the amelx and amely genes has been successful in greater apes, prosimians, and two species of old world monkeys. to date, no sex determination pcr assay using am ... | 2008 | 18613027 |
| evolutionary modifications of human milk composition: evidence from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of anthropoid milks. | brain growth in mammals is associated with increased accretion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lcpufa) in brain phospholipids. the period of maximum accumulation is during the brain growth spurt. humans have a perinatal brain growth spurt, selectively accumulating docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and other lcpufa from the third trimester through the second year of life. the emphasis on rapid postnatal brain growth and lcpufa transfer during lactation has led to the suggestion that human mil ... | 2008 | 18809203 |
| substrate determines asymmetrical gait dynamics in marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis). | studies of skeletal pathology indicate that injury from falling accounts for most long bone trauma in free-ranging primates, suggesting that primates should be under strong selection to manifest morphological and behavioral mechanisms that increase stability on arboreal substrates. although previous studies have identified several kinematic and kinetic features of primate symmetrical gaits that serve to increase arboreal stability, very little work has focused on the dynamics of primate asymmetr ... | 2009 | 19003922 |
| plasmodium inui shortii: studies in old world and new world monkeys. | plasmodium inui shortti was studied in monkeys (66 macaca mulatta, 2 m. fascicularis, 12 saimiri boliviensis, 4 aotus lemurinus griseimembra, and 1 a. nancymaae). prepatent periods for 30 sporozoite transmissions by anopheles stephensi, an. dirus, and an. maculatus mosquitoes ranged from 10 to 48 days with a median of 15.5 days. in rhesus monkeys, mean maximum parasite counts for intact animals were 181,970/mul; for splenectomized animals, the mean maximum parasite count was 1,167,890/mul. | 2009 | 19141855 |
| studies on the salvador i strain of plasmodium vivax in non-human primates and anopheline mosquitoes. | a review is presented on studies conducted in new world monkeys and chimpanzees with the salvador i strain of plasmodium vivax. this isolate has been adapted to aotus and saimiri (squirrel) monkeys and developed as a model for the testing of antimalarial vaccines. after the injection of 10,000 sporozoites, the median prepatent period in s. boliviensis monkeys was 21.5 days. in 103 sporozoite-induced infections in splenectomized monkeys, the median maximum parasite count ranged from 2,139 to 202, ... | 2009 | 19190218 |
| ontogeny of joint mechanics in squirrel monkeys (saimiri boliviensis): functional implications for mammalian limb growth and locomotor development. | juvenile animals must often compete against adults for common resources, keep pace during group travel and evade common predators, despite reduced body size and an immature musculoskeletal system. previous morphometric studies of a diverse array of mammals, including jack rabbits, cats and capuchin monkeys, have identified growth-related changes in anatomy, such as negative allometry of limb muscle mechanical advantage, which should theoretically permit young mammals to overcome such ontogenetic ... | 2009 | 19411552 |
| observations on the uganda i strain of plasmodium malariae and plasmodium brasilianum in aotus and saimiri monkeys and anopheles mosquitoes. | splenectomized aotus lemurinus griseimembra, a. azarae boliviensis, a. nancymaae, a. vociferans, and saimiri boliviensis monkeys were infected with the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae. the maximum parasite counts were lower if the animals had been previously infected with plasmodium vivax. mosquito infection was concentrated in the 12 days following the rise in count above 1,000/microl. mosquito infection and parasite counts were highest with a. l. griseimembra. anopheles freeborni wa ... | 2010 | 19891516 |
| spontaneous yersiniosis due to yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 in a squirrel monkey. | a captive male bolivian squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis) of less than 1 year of age died following diarrhea and debilitation on the day of death. at necropsy, necrotizing enteritis accompanied with enlarged peyer's patches, solitary lymphatic follicles and mesenteric lymph nodes, and multiple yellowish-white nodules in the spleen and liver were found. histopathologically, these lesions were necrotizing inflammation containing gram-negative bacilli. yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 7 was ... | 2009 | 20046036 |
| behavioral sleep in captive owl monkey (aotus azarae) and squirrel monkey (saimiri boliviensis). | the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that activity-behavioral sleep parameters differ between nocturnallyactive owl monkeys and diurnally-active squirrel monkeys which are sympatric and of bolivian origin. the total sleep time (tst) and sleep episode length (sel) of 7 adult owl monkey siblings and 4 adult squirrel monkeys were quantitated by actigraphy for 7 days under captive conditions. the higher tst/24 h values and longer sel/12 h quiescent phase quantitated for owl monkeys ... | 2009 | 20048768 |
| pattern of maternal circulating crh in laboratory-housed squirrel and owl monkeys. | the anthropoid primate placenta appears to be unique in producing corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh). placental crh is involved in an endocrine circuit key to the production of estrogens during pregnancy. crh induces cortisol production by the maternal and fetal adrenal glands, leading to further placental crh production. crh also stimulates the fetal adrenal glands to produce dehydroepiandrostendione sulfate (dheas), which the placenta converts into estrogens. there are at least two patterns ... | 2010 | 20872786 |
| chemical characterization of oligosaccharides in the milk of six species of new and old world monkeys. | human and great ape milks contain a diverse array of milk oligosaccharides, but little is known about the milk oligosaccharides of other primates, and how they differ among taxa. neutral and acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from the milk of three species of old world or catarrhine monkeys (cercopithecidae: rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta), toque macaque (macaca sinica) and hamadryas baboon (papio hamadryas)) and three of new world or platyrrhine monkeys (cebidae: tufted capuchin (cebus apell ... | 2010 | 21127965 |
| comparative microcomputed tomography and histological study of maxillary pneumatization in four species of new world monkeys: the perinatal period. | in anthropoid primates, it has been hypothesized that the magnitude of maxillary sinus growth is influenced by adjacent dental and soft tissue matrices. relatively, little comparative evidence exists for the perinatal period when secondary pneumatization is at its earliest stages in some primates. here, dental and midfacial variables were studied in a perinatal sample of four anthropoid primates, including three callitrichines (leontopithecus, saguinus, and callithrix) and saimiri boliviensis. i ... | 2010 | 21302266 |
| pleistocene diversification of living squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.) inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences. | in order to enhance our understanding of the evolutionary history of squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.), we newly sequenced and analyzed data from seven complete mitochondrial genomes representing six squirrel monkey taxa. while previous studies have lent insights into the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus, phylogenetic relationships and divergence date estimates among major squirrel monkey clades remain unclear. using maximum likelihood and bayesian procedures, we inferred a highly resolved phyl ... | 2011 | 21443955 |
| expression of common fragile sites in two ceboidea species: saimiri boliviensis and alouatta caraya (primates: platyrrhini). | fragile sites are points of preferential breakage that may be involved in chromosome rearrangements. induction of common fragile sites (c-fra) and spontaneous breakage were analyzed in two new world monkeys species: saimiri boliviensis (sbo) and alouatta caraya (aca). spontaneous chromosome aberrations were analyzed on untreated lymphocyte cultures with brögger's formula (1977). sbo presented a low level of spontaneous breakage, while higher frequencies were detected in aca in which bands 1q23; ... | 2000 | 14736409 |
| the selfish nature of generosity: harassment and food sharing in primates. | animals may share food to gain immediate or delayed fitness benefits. previous studies of sharing have concentrated on delayed benefits such as reciprocity, trade and punishment. this study tests an alternative model (the harassment or sharing-under-pressure hypothesis) in which a food owner immediately benefits because sharing avoids costly harassment from a beggar. i present an experiment that varies the potential ability of the beggar to harass, and of the owner to defend the food, to examine ... | 2004 | 15129953 |
| histocytological specificities of adrenal cortex in the new world monkeys, aotus lemurinus and saimiri boliviensis. | the new world monkey aotus spp. (night monkeys) are expected for use of valuable experimental animal with the close species of saimiri spp. (squirrel monkeys). saimiri is known to show spontaneous hypercortisolemia, although few reports in aotus. we compared basic states of blood steroid hormones and histological structure of the adrenal glands in two monkeys. serum cortisol and acth levels were statistically lower in aotus than saimiri. conversely, aotus adrenocortical area showed significant e ... | 2016 | 26321299 |
| development and annotation of shotgun sequence libraries from new world monkeys. | the draft genome sequences of several primates are available, providing insights into evolutionary and anthropological research. however, genomic resources from new world monkeys are conspicuously lacking. to date, the genomes of only two platyrrhine species, the common marmoset and the bolivian squirrel monkey, have been fully sequenced. this is especially limiting for comparative genomics research, considering that new world monkeys are the most speciose primate group, and platyrrhine genetic ... | 2012 | 22715851 |