| antimicrobial constituents from fruits of ailanthus altissima swingle. | a new naturally occurring sterol, compound 5, and six known stigmasterols were isolated from fruits of ailanthus altissima swingle by repeated column chromatography and rp-hplc. their structures were identified as, 5alpha-stigmastane-3,6-dione (1), 3beta-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (2), stigmast-5-ene-3beta, 7alpha-diol (3), 6alpha-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (4), 5alpha-stigmastane-3beta, 6beta-diol (5), stigmast-4-ene-3beta, 6alpha-diol (6), stigmast-5-ene-3beta, 7alpha, 20xi-triol (7) by spectr ... | 2005 | 16276970 |
| korean medicinal plants inhibiting to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) fusion. | in order to find novel anti-hiv agents from natural products, 80 meoh extracts of korean plants were applied to a syncytia formation inhibition assay, which is based on the interaction between the hiv-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120/41 and the cellular membrane protein cd4 of t lymphocytes. the most potent hiv-1 fusion inhibition was shown by the stem bark of ailanthus altissima with 74.9 +/- 4.4% at a concentration of 100 microg/ml. | 2003 | 12722157 |
| production of cytotoxic canthin-6-one alkaloids by ailanthus altissima plant cell cultures. | ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle was established as callus- and cell-suspension cultures. canthin-6-one and 1-methoxycanthin-6-one were isolated by a combination of preparative tlc and preparative hplc. the two alkaloids were identified by their uv, ms, and 1h-nmr spectra. the combined yield of the two alkaloids was 1.38% of dry weight from callus and 1.27% of dry weight from cell suspensions. the cytotoxicities of canthin-6-one, 1-methoxycanthin-6-one, 5-methoxycanthin-6-one, and canthin-6-o ... | 1983 | 6619885 |
| plants as sources of antimalarial drugs part. 1. in vitro test method for the evaluation of crude extracts from plants. | an in vitro antimalarial test, utilising the inhibition of uptake of [g- (3)h]-hypoxanthine into plasmodium falciparum cultured in human blood, has been used to assess the activity of crude extracts of artemisia annua and a. vulgaris (compositae) and of brucea javanica, ailanthus altissima, and simaba cedron (simaroubaceae). | 1985 | 17342592 |
| lack of toxicity of ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) for goats. | | 1996 | 9006867 |
| 1-methoxy-canthin-6-one induces c-jun nh2-terminal kinase-dependent apoptosis and synergizes with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand activity in human neoplastic cells of hematopoietic or endodermal origin. | we investigated the effects of 1-methoxy-canthin-6-one, isolated from the medicinal plant ailanthus altissima swingle, on apoptosis in human leukemia (jurkat), thyroid carcinoma (aro and npa), and hepatocellular carcinoma (huh7) cell lines. cultures incubated with the compound showed >50% of sub-g1 (hypodiploid) elements in flow cytometry analysis; the apoptosis-inducing activity was evident at <10 micromol/l and half-maximal at about 40 micromol/l 1-methoxy-canthin-6-one. the appearance of hypo ... | 2006 | 16618764 |
| A new seco-neolignan glycoside from the root bark of Ailanthus altissima. | A new seco-neolignan glycoside, seco-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-4-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with eight known compounds, were obtained from the EtOH extract of the root bark of Ailanthus altissima. Their structures were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data. Three neolignan glycosides including 7,9,9?-trihydroxy-3,3?,5?-trimethoxy-8-O-4?-neolignan-4-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (5), sonchifolignan B (6) and citrusin B (7) exhibited moderate in?vitro inhibitory effect on tobacco mosaic vir ... | 2011 | 21916771 |
| three new quassinoids, ailantinol e, f, and g, from ailanthus altissima. | three new quassinoids, ailantinol e (1), ailantinol f (2), and ailantinol g (3), and related compounds were isolated from ailanthus altissima grown in taiwan. their structures were elucidated from spectral evidence. each new quassinoid was evaluated for its antitumor promoting effects against epstein-barr virus early antigen activation introduced by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in raji cells. the new quassinoids were found to show potent activity without showing any cytotoxicity. the scr ... | 2003 | 12672989 |
| immunoproteomics of tree of heaven (ailanthus atltissima) pollen allergens. | ailanthus altissima pollen (aap) is considered as an emerging cause of respiratory allergy in united states, italy and iran. however, the allergenic composition of aap is still unknown and has yet to be characterized. the present study aimed to identify aap allergens using a proteomics-based approach. for this purpose, optimized aap protein extracts were analyzed using 1d- and 2d- gel electrophoresis and confronted to twenty sera from individuals with respiratory allergy during the aap season. c ... | 2017 | 28041857 |
| an old remedy for a new problem? identification of ooencyrtus kuvanae (hymenoptera: encyrtidae), an egg parasitoid of lycorma delicatula (hemiptera: fulgoridae) in north america. | spotted lanternfly, lycorma delicatula (white) is a recently introduced pest of tree-of-heaven, ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in north america. natural enemy surveys for this pest in pennsylvania in 2016 recovered an encyrtid egg parasitoid from both field collections and laboratory rearing of field-collected l. delicatula egg masses. both molecular and morphological data confirm that the egg parasitoids are ooencyrtus kuvanae (howard) (hymenoptera: encyrtidae). ooencyrtus kuvanae (howard) ... | 2017 | 28069731 |
| temporal and directional patterns of nymphal halyomorpha halys (hemiptera: pentatomidae) movement on the trunk of selected wild and fruit tree hosts in the mid-atlantic region. | halyomorpha halys (stål) (hemiptera: pentatomidae) is an invasive and polyphagous herbivore that has been problematic in mid-atlantic fruit orchards, many of which are adjacent to woodlands containing its wild hosts. our tree census in woodlands bordering 15 mid-atlantic apple orchards revealed 47 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, 76.6% of which were recorded hosts of h. halys tree of heaven was most common and abundant overall. halyomorpha halys nymphs have a substantial walking dispersal ... | 2017 | 28082461 |
| pollinosis to tree of heaven (ailanthus altissima) and detection of allergenic proteins: a case report. | | 2016 | 26905638 |
| brown marmorated stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) infestations in tree borders and subsequent patterns of abundance in soybean fields. | the invasive brown marmorated stink bug, halyomorpha halys (stål) (hemiptera: pentatomidae), is an important pest of soybean (glycine max l. merr.) in the mid-atlantic united states. in order to assess the influence of nonmanaged wooded borders on h. halys infestation patterns in soybean, 12 soybean fields in orange and madison counties, va, were sampled each week from july to october in 2013 or 2014 for h. halys. at each location, five 2-min visual counts of h. halys life stages were made on tr ... | 2017 | 28334171 |
| antiplasmodial activity of extracts and quassinoids isolated from seedlings of ailanthus altissima (simaroubaceae). | extracts and isolated compounds from seedlings of ailanthus altissima, were assessed for antiplasmodial activity in vitro. two quassinoids, ailanthone and 6alpha-tigloyloxychaparrinone, isolated from the active extracts showed activity against both chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive strains of plasmodium falciparum in vitro. only ailanthone demonstrated low toxicity against the vero cell line (kidney cells from the african green monkey). this is the first report of the isolation and ... | 2003 | 12820239 |
| development of molecular methods for identification of schizophyllum commune from clinical samples. | in the last 50 years, to our knowledge, only 16 cases of diseases caused by schizophyllum commune in humans have been reported. within only 6 months, we found four isolates of this basidiomycetous fungus, obtained from patients suffering from chronic sinusitis. the cultures of the isolated fungi showed neither clamp connections nor fruiting bodies (basidiocarps), which are distinctive features for s. commune, but fast-growing cottony white mycelium only. this was harvested, and dna was extracted ... | 2001 | 11427544 |
| quassinoids as inhibitors of epstein-barr virus early antigen activation. | short-term in vitro assays for tumor promoters and antitumor promoters (epstein-barr virus activation test) were carried out for 14 quassinoids isolated from ailanthus altissima. some quassinoids, including ailantinol b, ailantinol c, ailanthone, and shinjulactone a, showed moderate activity at a molar ratio of 1:100 (tpa/quassinoids), and the results led to the elucidation of structure-activity relationships. | 1997 | 9065817 |
| heat shock, visible light or high calcium augment the cytotoxic effects of ailanthus altissima (swingle) leaf extracts against saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. | to gain new insight into the antimicrobial potential of ailanthus altissima swingle, ethanol leaf extracts were evaluated for the antifungal effects against the model yeast saccharomyces cerevisae. the extracts inhibited the yeast growth in a dose-dependent manner, and this effect could be augmented by heat shock, exposure to visible light or exposure to high concentrations of ca(2+). using transgenic yeast cells expressing the ca(2+)-dependent photoprotein, aequorin, it was found that the leaf ... | 2015 | 25587627 |
| assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status and heavy metal accumulation characteristics of tree species in a lead-zinc mine area: potential applications for phytoremediation. | to select suitable tree species associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) for phytoremediation of heavy metal (hm) contaminated area, we measured the amf status and heavy metal accumulation in plant tissues in a lead-zinc mine area, northwest china. all 15 tree species were colonized by am fungi in our investigation. the mycorrhizal frequency (f%), mycorrhizal colonization intensity (m%) and spore density (sp) reduced concomitantly with increasing pb and zn levels; however, positive cor ... | 2015 | 25929455 |
| [study on chemical constituents from flowers of ailanthus altissima]. | to isolate and identify the chemical constituents from the flowers of ailanthus altissima. | 2012 | 23627124 |
| ailanthus altissima (miller) swingle fruit - new acyl β-sitosteryl glucoside and in vitro pharmacological evaluation. | β-sitosterol-3-o-(6'-o-13"-octadecenoyl)-β-d-glucoside (1), a new acyl β-sitosteryl glucoside, along with three known compounds β-sitosterol-3-o-β-d-glucoside (2), β-sitosterol (3) and methyl gallate (4) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of ailanthus altissima fruits. their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic data including 2d nmr, esi-ms, methanolysis and oxidative cleavage of double bond. antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, phytotox ... | 2016 | 26795253 |
| transcriptomic analysis of eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (coleoptera: curculionidae) using 454 pyrosequencing technology. | eucryptorrhynchus chinensis olivier (coleoptera: curculionidae) is one of the most important pests of ailanthus altissima; however, so far, no studies on the genome or transcriptome of e. chinensis have been reported. using the roche 454 flx titanium platform, an rna pool obtained from e. chinensis eggs, larva, pupae, and adults was sequenced and assembled de novo to achieve maximum diversity of sampled transcripts. we obtained 1,441,137 (∼518 mb) raw reads with an average length of 360 bp. afte ... | 2016 | 27620556 |
| ephedra alte (joint pine): an invasive, problematic weedy species in forestry and fruit tree orchards in jordan. | a field survey was carried out to record plant species climbed by ephedra alte in certain parts of jordan during 2008-2010. forty species of shrubs, ornamental, fruit, and forest trees belonging to 24 plant families suffered from the climbing habit of e. alte. growth of host plants was adversely affected by e. alte growth that extended over their vegetation. in addition to its possible competition for water and nutrients, the extensive growth it forms over host species prevents photosynthesis, s ... | 2012 | 22645486 |
| high biological variability of plastids, photosynthetic pigments and pigment forms of leaf primordia in buds. | to study the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus in nature, the carotenoid and chlorophyllous pigment compositions of differently developed leaf primordia in closed and opening buds of common ash (fraxinus excelsior l.) and horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) as well as in closed buds of tree of heaven (ailanthus altissima p. mill.) were analyzed with hplc. the native organization of the chlorophyllous pigments was studied using 77 k fluorescence spectroscopy, and plastid ultrastruc ... | 2011 | 22160501 |
| plant growth regulatory effect and insecticidal activity of the extracts of the tree of heaven (ailanthus altissima l.). | there is an urgent need to explore and utilize naturally occurring products for combating harmful agricultural and public health pests. secondary metabolites in the leaves of the tree of heaven, ailanthus altissima l. have been reported to be herbicidal and insecticidal. the mode of action, however, of the active compounds in a. altissima are not understood. in this paper, we report the chemical characteristics of the herbicidal and insecticidal components in this tree, and will discuss the effe ... | 2002 | 11860616 |
| molecular screening of chinese medicinal plants for progestogenic and anti-progestogenic activity. | estrogen and progestins have adverse effects, and many of these adverse effects are caused by progestins. due to this, many women choose to use botanical alternatives for hormone replacement therapy, which does not trigger steroidogenic properties. therefore, it is necessary to screen these herbs for progestogenic and anti-progestogenic properties. extract of 13 chinese medicinal plants were analysed for progestogenic and anti-progestogenic activities by using progesterone response element-drive ... | 2014 | 24845509 |
| contrasts between whole-plant and local nutrient levels determine root growth and death in ailanthus altissima (simaroubaceae). | • | 2014 | 24812109 |
| assessing current and projected suitable habitats for tree-of-heaven along the appalachian trail. | the invasion of ecosystems by non-native species is a major driver of biodiversity loss worldwide. a critical component of effective land management to control invasion is the identification and active protection of areas at high risk of future invasion. the appalachian trail decision support system (a.t.-dss) was developed to inform regional natural resource management by integrating remote sensing data, ground-based measurements and predictive modelling products. by incorporating nasa's remote ... | 2014 | 24733947 |
| a novel triterpenoid isolated from the root bark of ailanthus excelsa roxb (tree of heaven), aechl-1 as a potential anti-cancer agent. | we report here the isolation and characterization of a new compound ailanthus excelsa chloroform extract-1 (aechl-1) (c(29)h(36)o(10); molecular weight 543.8) from the root bark of ailanthus excelsa roxb. the compound possesses anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cell lines of different origin. | 2009 | 19399188 |
| luteolin-7-o-glucoside suppresses leukotriene c(4) production and degranulation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases and phospholipase c+¦1 in activated mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. | in this study, luteolin-7-o-glucoside (l7g), an herbal medicine isolated from ailanthus altissima, inhibited 5-lipoxygenase (5-lox)-dependent leukotriene c(4) (ltc(4)) production in bone marrow-derived mast cells (bmmcs) in a concentration-dependent manner with an ic(50) of 3.0 -ám. to determine the action mechanism of l7g, we performed immunoblotting for cytosolic phospholipase a(2) (cpla(2)) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) following c-kit ligand (kl)-induced activation of bmmcs w ... | 2011 | 21720009 |
| [mollusicidal effects of some species of plants in hilly and mountainous areas]. | to valuate the mollusicidal effects of some plants cultivated in the hilly and mountainous areas on oncomelania hupensis and screen the plants against o. hupensis snails. | 2013 | 24024443 |
| ailanthus altissima swingle has anti-anaphylactic effect and inhibits inflammatory cytokine expression via suppression of nuclear factor-kappab activation. | ailanthus altissima swingle (ailanthic cortex, aas) has been used as a traditional medicine for fever, bleeding, infection, and inflammation for many years in korea. however, its mechanisms have not been examined. in the present study, we investigate the effect of aas on the mast-cell-mediated allergic and inflammatory reaction using in vivo and in vitro models and elucidate its molecular mechanisms. aas significantly inhibited compound 48/48-induced edema and systemic anaphylaxis. aas significa ... | 2010 | 19789931 |
| changes in composition, structure and aboveground biomass over seventy-six years (1930-2006) in the black rock forest, hudson highlands, southeastern new york state. | we sought to quantify changes in tree species composition, forest structure and aboveground forest biomass (agb) over 76 years (1930-2006) in the deciduous black rock forest in southeastern new york, usa. we used data from periodic forest inventories, published floras and a set of eight long-term plots, along with species-specific allometric equations to estimate agb and carbon content. between the early 1930s and 2000, three species were extirpated from the forest (american elm (ulmus americana ... | 2008 | 18244941 |
| comparing the sexual reproductive success of two exotic trees invading spanish riparian forests vs. a native reference. | a widely accepted hypothesis in invasion ecology is that invasive species have higher survival through the early stages of establishment than do non-invasive species. in this study we explore the hypothesis that the sexual reproductive success of the invasive trees ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle and robinia pseudoacacia l. is higher than that of the native fraxinus angustifolia vahl., all three species coexisting within the riparian forests of central spain. we compared different stages of ... | 2016 | 27529695 |
| pollution resistance assessment of existing landscape plants on beijing streets based on air pollution tolerance index method. | various plant species of green belt in urban traffic area help to reduce air pollution and beautify the city environment. those plant species growing healthily under long-term atmospheric pollution environment are considered to be resilient. this study aims to identify plant species that are more tolerant to air pollution from traffic and to give recommendations for future green belt development in urban areas. leaf samples of 47 plant species were collected from two heavy traffic roadside sites ... | 2016 | 27326901 |
| host plant effects on halyomorpha halys (hemiptera: pentatomidae) nymphal development and survivorship. | halyomorpha halys(stål) (hemiptera: pentatomidae) is a highly polyphagous invasive species and an important pest of orchard crops in the united states. in the mid-atlantic region, wild hosts ofh. halysare common in woodlands that often border orchards, andh. halysmovement from them into orchards poses ongoing management issues. to improve our understanding of host plant effects onh. halyspopulations at the orchard-woodland interface, nymphal survivorship, developmental duration, and adult fitnes ... | 2016 | 27012749 |
| antitumour activity of 2-dihydroailanthone from the bark of ailanthus altissima against u251. | context the bark of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle (simaroubaceae) is traditionally used to treat ascariasis, diarrhoea, spermatorrhoea, bleeding and gastrointestinal diseases. objective the objective of this study is to investigate the antitumour activity and mechanism of 2-dihydroailanthone isolated from a. altissima. materials and methods the u251 cells were treated with 1.00, 4.00 and 8.00 μg/ml of 2-dihydroailanthone for 48 h and the normal cells treated with 20.00 μg/ml of 2-dihydroai ... | 2016 | 26956770 |
| ailanthone inhibits huh7 cancer cell growth via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. | while searching for natural anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) components in ailanthus altissima, we discovered that ailanthone had potent antineoplastic activity against hcc. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of ailanthone on hcc have not been examined. in this study, the antitumor activity and the underlying mechanisms of ailanthone were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. mechanistic studies showed that ailanthone induced g0/g1-phase cell cycle arrest, as indicate ... | 2015 | 26525771 |
| plant invasions associated with change in root-zone microbial community structure and diversity. | the importance of plant-microbe associations for the invasion of plant species have not been often tested under field conditions. the research sought to determine patterns of change in microbial communities associated with the establishment of invasive plants with different taxonomic and phenetic traits. three independent locations in virginia, usa were selected. one site was invaded by a grass (microstegium vimineum), another by a shrub (rhamnus davurica), and the third by a tree (ailanthus alt ... | 2015 | 26505627 |
| occurrence of brown marmorated stink bug (hemiptera: pentatomidae) on wild hosts in nonmanaged woodlands and soybean fields in north carolina and virginia. | nonmanaged plants occurring along forest edges and in suburban settings were sampled for brown marmorated stink bug, halyomorpha halys (stål), in north carolina (nc) and virginia (va) over the course of three growing seasons. commercial soybeans (glycine max), an attractive cultivated host, were also sampled in 2014 in nc and in va from 2010-2014. very few h. halys were found on nonmanaged plants or soybean fields in the coastal plain region of either state, but substantial populations were reco ... | 2015 | 26314046 |
| establishment success of coexisting native and exotic trees under an experimental gradient of irradiance and soil moisture. | the exotic trees ailanthus altissima, robinia pseudoacacia, acer negundo and elaeagnus angustifolia coexist with the native trees fraxinus angustifolia and ulmus minor in river banks of central spain. similarly, the exotic trees acacia dealbata and eucalyptus globulus co-occur with the natives quercus pyrenaica and pinus pinaster in northwest spain. we aimed to identify the environmental conditions that favour or hamper the establishment success of these species. in spring 2008, seeds of the stu ... | 2011 | 21842417 |
| allelopathic effects of ailanthus altissima extracts on microcystis aeruginosa growth, physiological changes and microcystins release. | the use of allelochemicals has been proved an environmentally friendly and promising method to control harmful algal blooms. this study was conducted to explore the application potential of ailanthus altissima (a. altissima) extracts in microcystis aeruginosa (m. aeruginosa) control for the first time. four treatments with a. altissima extractions (25mgl(-1), 50mgl(-1), 100mgl(-1), and 200mgl(-1) respectively) and a control group were built to investigate the effects of a. altissima on the growt ... | 2015 | 26246191 |
| review on invasive tree of heaven (ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle) conflicting values: assessment of its ecosystem services and potential biological threat. | globally, invasions by alien plants are rapidly increasing in extent and severity, leading to large-scale ecosystem degradation. one of the most widespread invasive alien plant species in europe and north america, tree of heaven (ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle) was introduced intentionally for use as an ornamental plant in the 18th century. since then, it has spread and is now frequently found in a number of countries. today, tree of heaven is considered one of the worst invasive plant spec ... | 2015 | 26071766 |
| screening of korean medicinal plants for possible osteoclastogenesis effects in vitro. | bone undergoes continuous remodeling through bone formation and resorption, and maintaining the balance for skeletal rigidity. bone resorption and loss are generally attributed to osteoclasts. differentiation of osteoclasts is regulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor nf-kb ligand (rankl), a member of tumor necrosis factor family. when the balance is disturbed, pathological bone abnormality ensues. through the screening of traditional korean medicinal plants, the effective molecules for ... | 2008 | 18850234 |
| constituents of the stem barks of ailanthus altissima and their potential to inhibit lps-induced nitric oxide production. | three new canthinone type alkaloids, canthin-6-one-1-o-β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), canthin-6-one-1-o-[6-o-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) and canthin-6-one-1-o-[2-β-d-apiofuranosyl-6-o-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from the stem barks of ailanthus altissima together with four quassinoids (4-7), seven phenylpropanoids (8-14) and a lignan of previously known structure (15). the inflammatory activities of the 15 isolat ... | 2015 | 25666824 |
| development of a validated lc-ms/ms method for the determination of ailanthone in rat plasma with application to pharmacokinetic study. | ailanthone, a natural compound isolated from chinese herb ailanthus altissima, has drawn a lot of attention for its antitumor activity. in this study, a simple and sensitive method for determination of ailanthone in rat plasma was developed for the first time, using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). brusatol was used as an internal standard. separation was achieved on an agilent zorbax eclipse plus c18 column with gradient elution using water-methanol as ... | 2015 | 25433911 |
| bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plant leaves from yan׳an city of the loess plateau, china. | urban plants are capable of reducing environmental pollutions through bioaccumulation contaminants in their tissues. the accumulation of heavy metals (pb, cu, cd, cr, and zn) in leaves of nine tree species and five shrub species from yan׳an city of china were investigated, and total metal accumulation capacities of different plants were evaluated using the metal accumulation index (mai). the results indicated that plants in polluted environments are enriched in heavy metals relative to those in ... | 2014 | 25199586 |
| chemical composition and phytotoxic effects of essential oils obtained from ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle cultivated in tunisia. | ailanthus altissima mill. swingle (simaroubaceae), also known as tree of heaven, is used in the chinese traditional medicine as a bitter aromatic drug for the treatment of colds and gastric diseases. in tunisia, ailanthus altissima is an exotic tree, which was introduced many years ago and used particularly as a street ornamental tree. here, the essential oils of different plant parts of this tree, viz., roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and samaras (ripe fruits), were obtained by hydrodistillation ... | 2014 | 25146765 |
| shinjulactone o, a new quassinoid from the root bark of ailanthus altissima. | a new quassinoid, shinjulactone o (1), and seven known quassinoids, were isolated from the 50% ethanol extract of the root bark of ailanthus altissima. the structures of these compounds were determined based on spectroscopic methods including uv, ir, hr-esi-ms, 1d and 2d nmr. their cytotoxic activities were evaluated on the tumour cell lines mcf-7, mda-mb-231, hepg2 and a549 cells, as well as the normal huvec line in vitro. compounds 1-8 exhibited different levels of inhibitory activity against ... | 2014 | 24967875 |
| can the life-history strategy explain the success of the exotic trees ailanthus altissima and robinia pseudoacacia in iberian floodplain forests? | ailanthus altissima and robina pseudoacacia are two successful invasive species of floodplains in central spain. we aim to explain their success as invaders in this habitat by exploring their phenological pattern, vegetative and sexual reproductive growth, and allometric relations, comparing them with those of the dominant native tree populus alba. during a full annual cycle we follow the timing of vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set, leaf abscission and fruit dispersal. growth was assessed ... | 2014 | 24937651 |
| new resinicolous chaenothecopsis species from china. | four new resinicolous species of chaenothecopsis are described from china: chaenothecopsis perforata from exudate of rhus chinensis (anacardiaceae), c. pallida from exudate of ailanthus altissima (simaroubaceae), c. resinophila from exudate of kalopanax septemlobus (araliaceae) and c. hunanensis from resin of pinus massoniana (pinaceae). all the new species are compared with previously described resinicolous mycocalicioid taxa, and several new features in these species are presented. the newly d ... | 2014 | 24891410 |
| tree of heaven: ailanthus altissima. | | 2008 | 18814442 |
| two new alkaloidal glycosides from the root bark of ailanthus altissima. | two new alkaloidal glycosides, canthin-6-one-5-o-beta-d-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1) and canthin-6-one-1-o-beta-d-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (2) named ailantcanthinosides a and b, were isolated from the root bark of ailanthus altissima. their structures were elucidated by one-and two-dimensional (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, fab-ms, hresi-ms spectra and chemical methods. | 2009 | 17566918 |
| a new quassinoid, ailantinol h from ailanthus altissima. | a new quassinoid, ailantinol h, was isolated from a methanol extract of the aerial parts of ailanthus altissima collected in taiwan. its structure was established on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr and hreims spectroscopic methods. | 2006 | 17127664 |
| a new quassinoid, ailantinol h, from ailanthus altissima. | a new quassinoid, ailantinol h, was isolated from the aerial parts of ailanthus altissima. the structure was elucidated based on spectral evidence. | 2006 | 17127511 |
| a new cerebroside from fruits of ailanthus altissima swingle. | a new cerebroside and three known cycloartan triterpenes were isolated from fruits of ailanthus altissima swingle. their structures were identified as 1-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(2s, 3r, 4e, 9e)-2-(2'r-hydroxyhexadecenoy)-4, 9-octadecadiene-1, 3-diol (1), 9, 19-cyclolanost-23 (z)-ene-3beta, 25-diol (2), cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24r-diol (3), and cycloart-25-ene-3beta, 24s-diol (4) by means of chemical and spectroscopic analysis. compounds 2, 3, and 4 were isolated from genus ailanthus for the first ... | 2006 | 17127507 |
| determinants of stomatal sluggishness in ozone-exposed deciduous tree species. | our knowledge of ozone effects on dynamic stomatal response is still limited, especially in asian tree species. we thus examined ozone effects on steady-state leaf gas exchange and stomatal dynamics in three common tree species of china (ailanthus altissima, fraxinus chinensis and platanus orientalis). seedlings were grown and were exposed to three levels of ozone in open-top chambers (42, 69, 100 nmol mol(-1) daylight average, from 09:00 to 18:00). at steady-state, ozone exposure induced an unc ... | 2014 | 24631608 |
| acaricidal properties of an ailanthus altissima bark extract against psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi in vitro. | the potential acaricidal properties of an ailanthus altissima bark extract were assessed against two common species of animal ectoparasitic mites, psoroptes cuniculi and sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi, in vitro. a. altissima bark extract was obtained by ethanol thermal circumfluence and tested at four concentrations (1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 g/ml) on mites collected from rabbits. compared to the fenvalerate treatment group, the a. altissima bark exhibited significant acaricidal properties for b ... | 2014 | 24052400 |
| tree of heaven may be hard on the heart. | | 2005 | 16294709 |
| relationship between woody plant colonization and typha l. encroachment in stormwater detention basins. | we studied stormwater detention basins where woody vegetation removal was suspended for 2 years in virginia, usa to determine if woody vegetation can control typha populations and how early woody plant succession interacts with typha, other herbaceous vegetation, and site factors. distribution and composition of woody vegetation, typha and non-typha herbaceous vegetation biomass, and site factors were assessed at 100 plots in four basins ranging in age from 7 to 17 years. a greenhouse study exam ... | 2013 | 23925899 |
| antennal sensilla of eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (olivier) and eucryptorrhynchus brandti (harold) (coleoptera: curculionidae). | eucryptorrhynchus chinensis (olivier) (coleoptera: curculionidae) and e. brandti (harold) (coleoptera: curculionidae) are the two most important pests of tree-of-heaven, ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle and its variety ailanthus altissima var. qiantouchun in china. they are also considered potential biological control agents for tree-of-heaven in north america. in this study, the external morphologies and antennal sensilla of both species were examined using scanning electron microscopy to be ... | 2013 | 23847125 |
| a new canthinone-type alkaloid isolated from ailanthus altissima swingle. | the present investigation of the chemical constituents of the stem barks of ailanthus altissima has resulted in the isolation of six canthinone-type alkaloids, including a new compound, (r)-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-canthine-6-one (1), and five known compounds (2-6). moreover, four phenyl propanoids (7-10), two lignans (11 and 12), two triterpenoids (13 and 14) and a fatty acid (15) having previously known chemical structures were isolated during the same course of this study. the structure of the new ... | 2016 | 27196883 |
| species-specific reversal of stem xylem embolism after a prolonged drought correlates to endpoint concentration of soluble sugars. | recent reports on tree mortality associated with anomalous drought and heat have raised interest into processes underlying tree resistance/resilience to water stress. hydraulic failure and carbon starvation have been proposed as main causes of tree decline, with recent theories treating water and carbon metabolism as interconnected processes. we subjected young plants of two native (quercus pubescens [qp] and prunus mahaleb [pm]) and two invasive (robinia pseudoacacia [rp] and ailanthus altissim ... | 2016 | 27174138 |
| ailanthus altissima and phragmites australis for chromium removal from a contaminated soil. | the comparative effectiveness for hexavalent chromium removal from irrigation water, using two selected plant species (phragmites australis and ailanthus altissima) planted in soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium, has been studied in the present work. total chromium removal from water was ranging from 55 % (phragmites) to 61 % (ailanthus). after 360 days, the contaminated soil dropped from 70 (initial) to 36 and 41 mg cr/kg (dry soil), for phragmites and ailanthus, respectively. phragmites ... | 2016 | 27146531 |
| tetracyclic triterpenoids and terpenylated coumarins from the bark of ailanthus altissima ("tree of heaven"). | tetracyclic triterpenoids (named as altissimanins a-e, 1-5) and a terpenylated coumarin (denominated as altissimacoumarin g, 6), along with fifteen known compounds (7-21) were isolated from the bark of ailanthus altissima. structures of compounds 1-6 were established by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. altissimanin a (1) is a tirucallane-type triterpenoid bearing an uncommon oxetane ring in the side-chain, while altissimanins d (4) and e (5) are two unprecedented dimers each c ... | 2013 | 23153518 |
| the effects of iron deficiency on lead accumulation in ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle seedlings. | understanding the effects of root fe deficiency on the uptake and translocation of toxic metals can be important for improving the phytoremediation strategies of polluted soils. the present study investigated how fe nutritional status affects the uptake and root-to-shoot-translocation of pb in hydroponically grown seedlings of (mill.) swingle. the interactions of fe deficiency and pb were assessed by measuring the root fe(iii) reductase activity, carboxylic acids concentration in root exudates, ... | 2015 | 23099943 |
| two new quassinoids, ailantinols a and b, and related compounds from ailanthus altissima. | | 1996 | 8759166 |
| contact reaction to the tree of heaven. | | 1994 | 8187524 |
| methyltransferase activity in allanthm altissima cell suspension cultures. | enzymes for the methylation of 1hydroxycanthin-6-one and a series of coumarins have been isolated from ailanthus altissima cell suspension cultures. the coumarin methyltransferases methylate aesculetin to scopoletin and isoscopoletin, but not scopoletin, to scoparone. fraxetin was methylated to isofraxidine but not to fraxidine and only fraxidine was methylated to 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin. these enzymes were studied throughout the culture growth cycle with two cell lines: 1, which produced 1-met ... | 1994 | 24193764 |
| [pb, zn accumulation and nutrient uptake of 15 plant species grown in abandoned mine tailings]. | vegetation restoration field test was carried out in the abandoned lead-zinc tailings for 3 years. the study showed that accumulation of lead (pb), zinc (zn) and nutrient uptake differed with plant species and organs, heavy metals, and planting time. pb was mainly accumulated in tree roots, and its content distribution in tree organs was generally in the order of roots > leaves > stems. but zn concentrations in leaves of several tree species were higher than those in roots and stems. within the ... | 2012 | 22946191 |
| terpenylated coumarins as sirt1 activators isolated from ailanthus altissima. | four new terpenylated coumarins (1-4) were isolated from the stem bark of ailanthus altissima by bioactivity-guided fractionation using an in vitro sirt1 deacetylation assay. their structures were identified as (2'r,3'r)-7-(2',3'-dihydroxy-3',7'-dimethylocta-6'-enyloxy)-6,8-dimethoxycoumarin (1), 6,8-dimethoxy-7-(3',7'-dimethylocta-2',6'-dienyloxy)coumarin (2), (2'r,3'r,6'r)-7-(2',3'-dihydroxy-6',7'-epoxy-3',7'-dimethyloctaoxy)-6,8-dimethoxycoumarin (3), and (2'r,3'r,4's,5's)-6,8-dimethoxy-7-(3' ... | 2012 | 22799262 |
| host-range testing of eucryptorrhynchus brandti (coleoptera: curculionidae), a candidate for biological control of tree-of-heaven, ailanthus altissima. | ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, tree-of-heaven, is an invasive species native to asia. it first was introduced into the united states in the 1700 s and now is distributed throughout much of north america. mechanical and chemical controls are current suppression tactics, however, implementation is costly. a weevil, eucryptorrhynchus brandti (harold), was identified in china and imported for quarantine testing in 2004 as a potential biological control agent. host specificity tests on adult fe ... | 2012 | 22525066 |
| a demonstration of photosynthetic state transitions in nature : shading by photosynthetic tissue causes conversion to state 1. | photosynthetic state transitions occurring in nature are demonstrated. chenopodium album leaves converted to state 1 and ailanthus altissima leaves converted to an intermediate position between state 2 and state 1 at a time of day when these leaves were shaded by the canopy on a sunny day, while both plants' leaves were in state 2 at a time of day when they were not shaded. filtering of white light by flasks of green algae also converted the light from causing state 2 in chlorella vulgaris to ca ... | 1988 | 24429771 |
| evidence for involvement of ketoglutarate in the biosynthesis of canthin-6-one from cell cultures of ailanthus altissima. | (13)c enrichments at c-3, c-4, c-5 and c-6 of canthin-6-one from cell cultures of ailanthus altissima supplemented with [1-(13)c], [2-(13)c] and [1,2-(13)c] acetate, give evidence of the involvement of ketoglutarate as an intact precursor in the biosynthetic pathway. | 1988 | 24241603 |
| studies on ailanthus altissima cell suspension cultures. uptake of l-[methyl-(14)c]methionine and incorporation of label into 1-methoxycanthin-6-one. | time-course studies of the uptake of l-[methyl (14)c]-methionine have shown rapid uptake by ailanthus altissima cells when fed at weekly stages throughout the growth cycle. the radio-label from [(14)c]-methionine was shown to be incorporated into 1-methoxycanthin-6-one with the highest level of incorporation being achieved with cells fed late in the growth phase. | 1987 | 24248663 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of ailanthus altissima in ovalbumin-induced lung inflammation. | as part of an ongoing investigation to find bioactive medicinal herbs exerting anti-inflammation activity, the effect of an ethanol extract from the parts of ailanthus altissima (simaroubaceae) was evaluated in both in vitro and in in vivo system. the ethanol extract of a. altissima (eaa) inhibited generation of the cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) dependent phases of prostaglandin d2 in bone marrow-derived mast cells (bmmc) in a concentration-dependent manner with an ic50 value of 214.6 microg/ml. howe ... | 2006 | 16651713 |
| optical properties of bud scales and protochlorophyll(ide) forms in leaf primordia of closed and opened buds. | the transmission spectra of bud scales of 14 woody species and the 77 k fluorescence emission spectra of the innermost leaf primordia of closed and opened buds of 37 woody species were studied. pigment concentrations were determined in some species. bud scales had low transmittance between 400 and 680 nm with a local minimum around 680 nm. transmittance increased steeply above 680 nm and was > 80% in the 700-800 nm spectral region. significant protochlorophyllide (pchlide) accumulation was obser ... | 2006 | 16651257 |
| use of atomic absorption spectrometry in assessment of biomonitor plants for lead, cadmium and copper pollution. | eleven plant species were collected from the vicinity of lead-battery plant in the city of gaziantep, turkey. lead, cadmium and copper concentrations in the soil and leaves of plants were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. lead, cd and cu concentrations in the soil samples taken from battery area were found to be in the ranges of 304-602, 0.4-0.44 and 31-37 mg x kg(-1), respectively. significantly increased lead concentration up to 2 750 mg x kg(-1) was found in the leaves of eleagnus ... | 2012 | 22497165 |
| the behaviour of ailanthus altissima weed and its effects on natural ecosystems. | ailanthus altissima is an invasive species for the native flora of greece and it could pose a serious threat to the biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. the purpose of this study was to investigate the spreading of ailanthus altissima in urban and non urban areas of north and central greece and also to evaluate the effects of its spreading on species composition and floristic diversity in natural ecosystems. the spreading of ailanthus altissima in urban areas is very intense, mainly i ... | 2011 | 22471219 |
| stimulating growth and xylindein production of chlorociboria aeruginascens in agar-based systems. | four isolates of chlorociboria aeruginascens were tested for possible stimulatory effects when grown on malt agar media containing wood additives. the addition of any of the four types of test wood (acer saccharum, populus tremuloides, spalted p. tremuloides, and ailanthus altissima), stimulated colony growth and xylindein production in c. aeruginascens. addition of any amount of wood produced more growth than no wood additions, while ground wood produced more growth than chopped wood. of the wo ... | 2012 | 22409931 |
| purification and properties of chlorophyllase from ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven). | chlorophyllase from ailanthus altissima leaves has been purified 63-fold by a combination of heat treatment, ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, and chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. while the enzyme is inhibited to some degree by triton x-100, a modification of the assay procedure of klein and vishniac has been shown to be far superior to the use of aqueous acetone systems. the enzyme was found to have a ph optimum on pheophytin a of 4.5. chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b, ... | 1971 | 16657671 |
| [effect of extracts from leaves of the lenkoran acacia, tuberose and tree-of heaven on some viruses in chick embryo and tissue culture]. | | 2005 | 5400090 |
| annual growth of the 'tree of heaven.'. | | 1884 | 17771671 |
| does the invasive species ailanthus altissima threaten floristic diversity of temperate peri-urban forests? | we examined the influence of the invasive species ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle on the understory of the fontainebleau forest, a peri-urban forest of paris (france), by comparing invaded versus control plots. we performed floristic inventories in fixed plots around the base of a. altissima vs native trees in different habitat types of the forest. our findings suggest that the understory vegetation is significantly poorer and more common under a. altissima than under the other tree species ... | 2011 | 22123089 |
| soil biota drive expression of genetic variation and development of population-specific feedbacks in an invasive plant. | invasive plant species alter soils in ways that may affect the success of subsequent generations, creating plant-soil feedbacks. ailanthus altissima is an invasive tree introduced two centuries ago to north america. we hypothesized that geographically distinct populations of a. altissima have established feedbacks specific to their local environment, due to soil communities cultivated by a. altissima. we collected seeds and soils from three populations in the eastern united states, and in the gr ... | 2011 | 21797149 |
| herbicide activity of extracts from ailanthus altissima (simaroubaceae). | the purpose of the present study was to isolate and characterize ailanthone-rich materials from the bark of the deciduous tree ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle and to assess their herbicide activity on selected herbaceous species. ailanthone-rich fractions were obtained from a. altissima bark by extraction with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate and subsequent purification of these crude extracts, and of the remaining water mixture after solvent extraction, by means of gel permeation chromatog ... | 2011 | 21615014 |
| samara size versus dispersal and seedling establishment in ailanthus altissima (miller) swingle. | we have specifically carried out a greenhouse experiment to assess relationship between samara weight and seed success. relationship assessed as dispersal potential, germination level, germination rate and early seedling mass for the invasive species ailanthus altissima. for this purpose, we considered two close stands as seeds source. we found no correlation between samara size and neither germination level, germination rate, nor seedling mass, but a positive correlation with samara projected a ... | 2009 | 20121015 |
| antiasthmatic activity of luteolin-7-o-glucoside from ailanthus altissima through the downregulation of t helper 2 cytokine expression and inhibition of prostaglandin e2 production in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model. | previously, we reported that an ethanol extract of ailanthus altissima has antiinflammatory activity in an ovalbumin (ova)-sensitized murine asthmatic model. to determine the biological compounds from this plant, luteolin-7-o-glucoside (l7g) was isolated and its antiasthmatic activity was evaluated in an in vivo murine asthmatic model. l7g (10 to 100 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)) reduced the amount of eosinophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid in a dose-dependent manner. in comparison ... | 2009 | 19721222 |
| beware the tree of heaven! (ailanthus altissima). | | 2009 | 19465625 |
| managing tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima) in parks and protected areas: a case study of rondeau provincial park (ontario, canada). | the carolinian life zone in southwestern ontario, canada is valued because it represents an almost disjunct ecosystem (i.e., one that is typical of the mid-atlantic united states, rather than the rest of canada or the nearby states in the united states). the landscape of the carolinian life zone has undergone dramatic transformation, especially in recent decades as agriculture, urbanization, and recreation have intensified. one of the most apparent changes is the invasion of exotic plant species ... | 2006 | 16586140 |
| incidence of ozone symptoms on vegetation within a national wildlife refuge in new jersey, usa. | during 1993-1996 and 2001-2003, we evaluated the percentage of plants (incidence) exhibiting ozone-induced foliar symptoms on vegetation within a national wildlife refuge located along the atlantic ocean coast of new jersey, usa. incidence varied among plant species and years. bioindicator plants most sensitive to ozone, across all years, included native common milkweed (asclepias syriaca) and wild grape (vitis spp.), as well as introduced tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima). less sensitive bio ... | 2006 | 16458398 |
| antiproliferative effects of tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima swingle). | tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima swingle) was evaluated for its cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities by a bioassay-oriented study. cytotoxicity observed in hela cells was time-dependent; the treatment with 10 microg/ml of the root chloroform extract reduced cell viability by 56% at 24 h and 29% at 48 h of exposure, whereas no effect was recorded in the controls. significant effects were observed also for chromatographic fractions and the pure isolated alkaloid 1-methoxy-canthin-6-one. a ... | 2005 | 15934030 |
| ozone foliar symptoms in woody plant species assessed with ultrastructural and fluorescence analysis. | this paper compares the responses to ozone in five woody species: fagus sylvatica (fs), acer pseudoplatanus (ap), fraxinus excelsior (fe), viburnum lantana (vl) and ailanthus altissima (aa). the hypothesis being tested was that the strategies that plants adopt to resist oxidative pressure are species-specific. the study was carried out on field grown plants in an area in northern italy characterized by elevated levels of ozone pollution. the observations were made both at ultrastructural (using ... | 2005 | 15869654 |
| drought resistance of ailanthus altissima: root hydraulics and water relations. | drought resistance of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle is a major factor underlying the impressively wide expansion of this species in europe and north america. we studied the specific mechanism used by a. altissima to withstand drought by subjecting potted seedlings to four irrigation regimes. at the end of the 13-week treatment period, soil water potential was -0.05 mpa for well-watered control seedlings (w) and -0.4, -0.8 and -1.7 mpa for drought-stressed seedlings (s) in irrigation regime ... | 2004 | 14652220 |
| cytotoxic quassinoids from ailanthus altissima. | two new quassinoids, altissinol a (1) and b (7), together with 12 known quassinoids, were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the barks of ailanthus altissima. the structures of the new compounds (1 and 7) were determined on the basis of the spectroscopic methods including uv, ir, hr-esi-ms, 1d and 2d nmr. the cytotoxic potential of all isolates were evaluated in vitro against three human hepatoma cell lines. quassinoids 1-7 displayed potent cytotoxic activities against human hepatoma hep3b ... | 2013 | 23290052 |
| surgery for a tree surgeon? acute presentation of contact dermatitis due to ailanthus altissima. | a tree surgeon presented to hospital with multiple blackening, non-blanching regions of skin on both forearms, following exposure to sap from the 'tree of heaven' (ailanthus altissima). a referral to plastic surgery was made to consider debridement. following input from the national poisons centre and dermatology, conservative management with emollient was undertaken. the lesions blistered and exfoliated and were treated with topical steroid and oral antihistamines. resolving erythema was the on ... | 2013 | 23273642 |
| pollen analysis of natural honeys from the central region of shanxi, north china. | based on qualitative and quantitative melissopalynological analyses, 19 chinese honeys were classified by botanical origin to determine their floral sources. the honey samples were collected during 2010-2011 from the central region of shanxi province, north china. a diverse spectrum of 61 pollen types from 37 families was identified. fourteen samples were classified as unifloral, whereas the remaining samples were multifloral. bee-favoured families (occurring in more than 50% of the samples) inc ... | 2012 | 23185358 |
| allergy to ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) pollen. | | 2003 | 12757458 |
| isolation of phytotoxic compounds from tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima swingle). | the aqueous root extract of ailanthus altissima showed allelopathic activity against radish (raphanus sativus l. cv. "saxa"), garden cress (lepidium sativum l.), and purslane (portulaca oleracea l.) seeds. a bioassay-oriented purification of active extracts, chromatographic fractions, and compounds demonstrated dose-dependent activity on germination and radicle growth of test seeds; radish seed was the most sensitive to allelochemicals. active compounds have been isolated: ailanthone, ailanthino ... | 2003 | 12590453 |
| anti-tuberculosis activity of quassinoids. | in vitro evaluation of anti-tuberculosis activity was conducted for fifty-six quassinoids isolated in our laboratory from simaroubaceous plants, ailanthus altissima (= aa, 10 compounds), brucea antidysenterica (= ba, 16 compounds), picrasma ailanthoides (= pa, 14 compounds), and brucea javanica (= bj, 16 compounds). of the compounds tested, shinjulactone k (1), ailanthone (2), shinjudilactone (3), and dehydrobruceantin (4) were the most potent. although the activities were very low (0-19%), the ... | 1997 | 9332005 |
| evidence for allelopathy by tree-of-heaven (ailanthus altissima). | ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle contains one or more phytotoxic compounds in roots and leaves. activity is higher in roots, where it occurs primarily in the bark. powdered root bark and leaflets strongly inhibited growth of garden cress (lepidium sativum l.) when mixed with soil in petri dishes (id50 values=0.03 g root bark, 0.6 g leaflet/dish). the toxic material was readily extracted by methanol but not dichloromethane. pieces of root bark mixed with soil at 2, 1, and 0.5 g/pot reduced cre ... | 1990 | 24264005 |