| [free amino acids of chestnuts from castanea sativa mill., castanea crenata sieb. and zucc., castanea molissima blume and the hybrids: castanea crenata x sativa]. | | 1984 | 6543488 |
| the pollen calendar of siena (central italy). | the atmospheric pollen count at siena was carried out for 4 years (1978-1981) to determine the average quantity of airborn pollen and the families, genera or species which contribute to such pollen dispersal. the pollination period stretches from february to mid october. the highest pollination period is from may to july when the most important pollen producers are poaceae, urticaceae, pinus, quercus, oleaceae and castanea sativa. also in march there are high pollen production values due to cupr ... | 1983 | 6660174 |
| purification, characterization and n-terminal amino acid sequence of a new major allergen from european chestnut pollen--cas s 1. | pollens from trees of the order fagales (e.g. birch, alder, hazel, and hornbeam) all contain one major allergen--the main cause for tree pollen allergy. so far the major allergens from birch (bet v 1), alder (aln g 1), hazel (cor a 1), and hornbeam (car b 1) have been characterized, showing high sequence similarity with each other (1-4). we present the molecular and immunologic characterization of cas s 1, the major allergen from the european chestnut (castanea sativa). from aqueous pollen extra ... | 1993 | 7504464 |
| bacterial expression of an active class ib chitinase from castanea sativa cotyledons. | ch3, an endochitinase of 32 kda present in castanea sativa cotyledons, showed in vitro antifungal properties when assayed against trichoderma viride. the characterization of a cdna clone corresponding to this protein indicated that ch3 is a class ib endochitinase that is synthesized as a preprotein with a signal sequence preceding the mature polypeptide. bacterial expression of mature ch3 fused to the leader peptide of the periplasmic protein ompt resulted in active ch3 enzyme. a plate assay was ... | 1996 | 9002617 |
| a chestnut seed cystatin differentially effective against cysteine proteinases from closely related pests. | cystatin csc, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor from chestnut (castanea sativa) seeds, has been purified and characterized. its full-length cdna clone was isolated from an immature chestnut cotyledon library. the inhibitor was expressed in escherichia coli and purified from bacterial extracts. identity of both seed and recombinant cystatin was confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis, two-dimensional electrophoresis and n-terminal sequencing. csc has a mo ... | 1998 | 9869428 |
| pollen calendar of the city of salamanca (spain). aeropalynological analysis for 1981-1982 and 1991-1992. | we report a study on the contents of airborne pollen in the city of salamanca (spain) aimed at establishing a pollen calendar for the city for the yearly periods of maximum concentrations, relating these with quantifiable atmospheric variables over two two-year periods with an interval of 10 years between them: 1981-82 and 1991-92. the pollen was captured with burkard spore-traps, based on hirst's volumetric method. determinations were made daily and were used to make preparations, previously st ... | 1998 | 9885728 |
| heterologous expression of a plant small heat-shock protein enhances escherichia coli viability under heat and cold stress. | a small heat-shock protein (shsp) that shows molecular chaperone activity in vitro was recently purified from mature chestnut (castanea sativa) cotyledons. this protein, renamed here as cshsp17. 5, belongs to cytosolic class i, as revealed by cdna sequencing and immunoelectron microscopy. recombinant cshsp17.5 was overexpressed in escherichia coli to study its possible function under stress conditions. upon transfer from 37 degrees c to 50 degrees c, a temperature known to cause cell autolysis, ... | 1999 | 10364403 |
| allergens from birch pollen and pollen of the european chestnut share common epitopes. | type i allergy to pollen of the european chestnut (castanea sativa) represents a major cause of pollinosis in (sub) mediterranean areas. using sera from 14 patients with established allergy to pollen of the european chestnut, 13/14 sera (92%) showed ige-binding to a 22 kd protein, 2/14 (14%) displayed additional binding to a 14 kd protein and 1/14 (7%) bound only to the 14 kd protein of european chestnut pollen extract. two monoclonal mouse antibodies, bip 1 and bip 4, directed against different ... | 1993 | 10779306 |
| chloroplast dna polymorphism reveals little geographical structure in castanea sativa mill. (fagaceae) throughout southern european countries. | the distribution of haplotypic diversity of 38 european chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) populations was investigated by pcr/rflp analysis of regions of the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes in order to shed light on the history of this heavily managed species. the rapid expansion of chestnut starting from 3000 years ago is strongly related to human activities such as agricultural practice. this demonstrates the importance of human impact, which lasted some thousands of years, on the present ... | 2000 | 11050545 |
| free radical scavenging activities measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and b16 cell antiproliferative behaviors of seven plants. | in an effort to discover new antioxidant natural compounds, seven plants that grow in france (most of them in the limousin countryside) were screened. among these plants, was the extensively studied vitis vinifera as reference. for each plant, sequential percolation was realized with five solvents of increasing polarities (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water). free radical scavenging activities were examined in different systems using electron spin resonance (esr) spectroscopy ... | 2001 | 11453770 |
| rumen fermentation and nitrogen balance of lambs fed diets containing plant extracts rich in tannins and saponins, and associated emissions of nitrogen and methane. | tannins were added to experimental diets at levels of 1 and 2 g/kg dm (hydrolysable tannins; castanea sativa wood extract) and saponins at 2 and 30 mg/kg dm (sarsaponin; yucca schidigera extract). these levels were far below thresholds expected to be adverse in ruminants. effects were measured in lambs by comparison with unsupplemented control diets calculated to be either deficient (10%) or adequate in protein. the diets consisted of hay, concentrate (1:1) and extra wheat starch with increasing ... | 2002 | 12553689 |
| cotyledon storage proteins as markers of the genetic diversity in castanea sativa miller. | this study has been to analyse the useful nut globulin proteins as a marker of the genetic diversity in castanea sativa. the evaluated populations were highly polymorphic for the globulins, being detected up to 35 polymorphic bands with a wide distribution among all the evaluated populations. taken together for populations from all the chestnut regions, about 39.3% of total allelic variation was distributed among the populations. the estimates of genetic similarity between populations were clear ... | 2003 | 12750777 |
| spoilage fungi and their mycotoxins in commercially marketed chestnuts. | a nationwide survey was carried out to assess mould spoilage of castanea sativa nuts sold in canadian grocery stores in 1998-99. morphological and cultural characters, along with secondary metabolite profiles derived from thin-layer chromatography, were used to sort and identify fungi cultured from nut tissue. three mycotoxigenic fungi dominated (penicillium crustosum, penicillium glabrum/spinulosum and penicillium discolor) and were isolated at frequencies of 67.1%, 18.6% and 17.7%, respectivel ... | 2003 | 14527787 |
| analysis of serpentinophytes from north-east of portugal for trace metal accumulation--relevance to the management of mine environment. | in north-east of portugal, the serpentinized area is about 8000 ha with a characteristic geology and flora. the serpentine plant community and respective soils were analyzed to examine the trace metal budget in different tissues of the plants exhibiting resistance to trace metals. one hundred and thirty five plant species belonging to 39 families and respective soils have been analyzed for total co, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb and zn. substantial amounts of ni, cr, co and mn were detected in plant ti ... | 2004 | 14675842 |
| purification of castamollin, a novel antifungal protein from chinese chestnuts. | a novel antifungal protein, designated castamollin, was isolated from chinese chestnut (castanea mollisima) seeds with a procedure involving ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography on cm-sepharose and fplc-gel filtration on superdex 75. castamollin possessed a novel n-terminal sequence demonstrating little similarity to n-terminal sequences of castanea sativa chitinase. castamollin exhibited a molecular mass of 37kd ... | 2003 | 14680938 |
| castanea sativa mill. leaves as new sources of natural antioxidant: an electronic spin resonance study. | the antioxidant potential of castanea sativa mill. leaf (sweet chestnut) was explored as a new source of active extracts. the capacity of the different fractions issued from aqueous, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts to inhibit the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycryl-hydrazyl, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical was measured by electronic spin resonance. their scavenging potential was analyzed versus their amount of phenolic compounds. among the active fractions, the most effective o ... | 2005 | 15656662 |
| endophytism of sclerotinia pseudotuberosa: pcr assay for specific detection in chestnut tissues. | the endophytic behaviour of sclerotinia pseudotuberosa, cause of black rot of fruits of castanea sativa, was investigated in asymptomatic tissues of the host, including nuts, buds and bark. a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the specific detection of s. pseudotuberosa. two specific primers, rac1 and rac2 were designed within the its1-5.8s-its2 region of rdna by comparison of sequences of 24 isolates of s. pseudotuberosa and related species. specificity of primers wa ... | 2005 | 15736867 |
| [sensitization to castanea sativa pollen and pollinosis in northern extremadura (spain)]. | castanea sativa pollen allergy has generally been considered to be uncommon and clinically insignificant. in our geographical area (plasencia, cáceres, spain) castanea sativa pollen is a major pollen. | 2005 | 15946627 |
| effect of carbon and nitrogen sources, ph and temperature on in vitro culture of several isolates of amanita caesarea (scop.:fr.) pers. | several isolates were obtained from sporocarps of amanita caesarea (scop.: fr.) pers. associated with quercus suber and castanea sativa coming from the southwest of spain. culture conditions were optimized for these isolates. the largest radial growth was obtained at ph 6-7, and optimal growth temperature was 24-28 degrees c depending on the isolate. albumin bovine and nitrate produced the largest patch size diameters, but the greatest mycelium dry weight yields were obtained with ammonium. mann ... | 2006 | 16292570 |
| effects of four tanniferous plant extracts on the in vitro exsheathment of third-stage larvae of parasitic nematodes. | the anthelmintic properties of tanniferous plants and of their secondary metabolites represent one possible alternative to chemotherapy that is currently being explored as a means of achieving sustainable control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. previous in vivo and in vitro results suggest that tanniferous plants can have direct anti-parasitic effect against different stages of nematodes. however, the mode of action of the bioactive plant compounds remains obscure. the objectives of ... | 2006 | 16388690 |
| basic endochitinases are major proteins in castanea sativa cotyledons. | basic endochitinases are abundant proteins in castanea sativa mill. cotyledons. three basic chitinases were purified with molecular masses of 25, 26, and 32 kd (ch1, ch2, and ch3) and with isoelectric points between 8 and 9.5. antibodies raised against ch1 cross-reacted with ch2 and ch3. however, ch3 showed differences when compared with the other two enzymes, especially in its higher cysteine content. the size, amino acid composition, and n-terminal sequence of ch1 indicate that it is a class i ... | 1992 | 16653058 |
| involvement of reactive oxygen species during early stages of ectomycorrhiza establishment between castanea sativa and pisolithus tinctorius. | evidence for the participation of reactive oxygen species (ros) and antioxidant systems in ectomycorrhizal (ecm) establishment is lacking. in this paper, we evaluated ros production and the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase (cat) during the early contact of the ecm fungus pisolithus tinctorius with the roots of castanea sativa (chestnut tree). roots were placed in contact with p. tinctorius mycelia, and ros production was evaluated by determining the levels of h(2)o(2) and o( ... | 2007 | 17216276 |
| the use of tree-rings and foliage as an archive of volcanogenic cation deposition. | tree cores (pinus nigra ssp. laricio) and leaves (castanea sativa) from the flanks of mount etna, sicily were analysed by icp-ms to investigate whether volcanogenic cations within plant material provide an archive of a volcano's temporal and spatial depositional influence. there is significant compositional variability both within and between trees, but no systematic dendrochemical correlation with periods of effusive, explosive or increased degassing activity. dendrochemistry does not provide a ... | 2007 | 17239510 |
| structural characterization and cytotoxic properties of a 4-o-methylglucuronoxylan from castanea sativa. | a glucuronoxylan was purified from a delignified holocellulose alkaline extract of castanea sativa (spanish chestnut) and its structure analyzed by means of ft-ir, gc of the per-trimethylsilylated methylglycoside derivatives, and 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy. the results supported a structure based on a linear polymer of xylopyranose units linked with beta(1-->4) bonds in which, on average, one out of every six units is substituted at c-2 by a 4-o-methylglucuronic acid unit; this structure is typ ... | 2007 | 17253851 |
| soil fungal communities in a castanea sativa (chestnut) forest producing large quantities of boletus edulis sensu lato (porcini): where is the mycelium of porcini? | a study was conducted in a castanea sativa forest that produces large quantities of the edible mushroom porcini (boletus edulis sensu lato). the primary aim was to study porcini mycelia in the soil, and to determine if there were any possible ecological and functional interactions with other dominant soil fungi. three different approaches were used: collection and morphological identification of fruiting bodies, morphological and molecular identification of ectomycorrhizae by rdna-its sequence a ... | 2007 | 17359260 |
| primary and secondary metabolite composition of kernels from three cultivars of portuguese chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) at different stages of industrial transformation. | chestnut (castanea sativa) is an important basic food in rural diets and a major starch crop used in a similar way to potatoes. chestnuts are a fundamental economic resource in the "chestnut regions" not only for the fruit but also for the chestnut wood. chestnuts have become increasingly important with respect to human health, for example, as an alternative gluten-free flour source. chestnuts are also a rich source of other beneficial compounds, but there have been few studies on the compositio ... | 2007 | 17407304 |
| vegetable and animal food sorts found in the gastric content of sardinian wild boar (sus scrofa meridionalis). | authors report results emerging from gastric content analysis from n. 96 wild boars hunted in sardinia isle, during the hunting tide (2001-2005), from november to january. mean ph of the gastric content was 3.77 +/- 0.69. mean total capacity (tc) of each stomach was 1702 +/- 680 g. mean stuff ratio (cw/tc) between the content weight (cw) and stomachs tc was 0.45. food categories found in animal stomachs were: 19 categories of vegetal species (allium spp., arbutus unedo, arisarum vulgare, avena f ... | 2007 | 17516948 |
| traditional knowledge of wild edible plants used in the northwest of the iberian peninsula (spain and portugal): a comparative study. | we compare traditional knowledge and use of wild edible plants in six rural regions of the northwest of the iberian peninsula as follows: campoo, picos de europa, piloña, sanabria and caurel in spain and parque natural de montesinho in portugal. | 2007 | 17555572 |
| two scarecrow-like genes are induced in response to exogenous auxin in rooting-competent cuttings of distantly related forest species. | we characterized scarecrow-like genes induced by auxin in rooting-competent cuttings of two distantly related forest species (pinus radiata d. don and castanea sativa mill.) before the activation of cell division that results in adventitious root formation. the predicted protein sequences contain domains characteristic of the gras protein family and show a strong similarity to the scarecrow-like proteins, indicating conserved functions of these proteins. quantitative rt-pcr analysis showed that ... | 2007 | 17669736 |
| effects of extracts from italian medicinal plants on planktonic growth, biofilm formation and adherence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | one-third of botanical remedies from southern italy are used to treat skin and soft tissue infection (ssti). staphylococcus aureus, a common cause of ssti, has generated increasing concern due to drug resistance. many plants possess antimicrobial agents and provide effective remedies for ssti. our aim was to investigate plants from different ethnobotanical usage groups for inhibition of growth and biofilms in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | 2008 | 18556162 |
| structural patterns of rhamnogalacturonans modulating hsp-27 expression in cultured human keratinocytes. | polysaccharide extracts were obtained from chestnut bran (castanea sativa), grape marc (vitis vinifera) and apple marc (malus spp.) and fractionated by size exclusion chromatography after endopolygalacturonase degradation. compositional and linkage analyses by gc and gc-ms showed the characteristic rhamnogalacturonan structure with specific arabinan (apple marc) and type ii arabinogalactan (chestnut bran, grape marc) side chains. type ii arabinogalactan rhamnogalacturonan from chestnut bran sign ... | 2008 | 18560339 |
| structural characterization and cytotoxic properties of a 4-o-methylglucuronoxylan from castanea sativa. 2. evidence of a structure-activity relationship. | xylans were purified from delignified holocellulose alkaline extracts of castanea sativa (spanish chestnut) and argania spinosa (argan tree) and their structures analyzed by means of gc of their per-trimethylsilylated methylglycoside derivatives and (1)h nmr spectroscopy. the structures deduced were characteristic of a 4-o-methylglucuronoxylan (mgx) and a homoxylan (hx), respectively, with degrees of polymerization ranging from 182 to 360. in the case of mgx, the regular or random distribution o ... | 2008 | 18646856 |
| fungal transcript pattern during the preinfection stage (12 h) of ectomycorrhiza formed between pisolithus tinctorius and castanea sativa roots, identified using cdna microarrays. | transcriptional changes in pisolithus tinctorius leading to ectomycorrhizal formation in p. tinctorius- castanea sativa were investigated using a 12-h fungal interaction in vitro system. using a 3107-cdna clone microarray, 34 unique expressed sequence tags (ests) were found to be differentially expressed. these ests represent 14 known genes, 5 upregulated and 9 downregulated, and 20 orphan sequences. some transcripts of upregulated genes (with unknown function) were previously identified in othe ... | 2008 | 18836771 |
| paenibacillus castaneae sp. nov., isolated from the phyllosphere of castanea sativa miller. | a bacterial strain, designated ch-32(t), was isolated from the phyllosphere of castanea sativa in spain. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences placed the isolate in the genus paenibacillus within the same subgroup as paenibacillus xinjiangensis and paenibacillus glycanilyticus, with similarities of 96.3 and 96.8 %, respectively. dna-dna hybridization values for strain ch-32(t) with these two species were lower than 20 %. the novel isolate was a gram-variable, motile, sporulating ... | 2008 | 18984693 |
| phylogeny of phaeomollisia piceae gen. sp. nov.: a dark, septate, conifer-needle endophyte and its relationships to phialocephala and acephala. | dark, septate endophytes (dse) were isolated from roots and needles of dwarf picea abies and from roots of vaccinium spp. growing on a permafrost site in the jura mountains in switzerland. two of the isolates sporulated after incubation for more than one year at 4 degrees c. one of them was a hitherto undescribed helotialean ascomycete phaeomollisia piceae gen. sp. nov., the other was a new species of phialocephala, p. glacialis sp. nov. both species are closely related to dse of the phialocepha ... | 2009 | 19015028 |
| nutritional, fatty acid and triacylglycerol profiles of castanea sativa mill. cultivars: a compositional and chemometric approach. | four portuguese chestnut cultivars from the "castanha da terra fria" protected designation of origin were selected: aveleira, boa ventura, judia and longal. the nutritional parameters (moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrates, ash and energy) as well as fibers (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin and cellulose) were characterized. moisture was the major component followed by carbohydrates, protein and fat, resulting in an energetic value lower than 195 kcal/100 g of ... | 2009 | 19334758 |
| ectomycorrhizal community structure in a healthy and a phytophthora-infected chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) stand in central italy. | ink disease caused by phytophthora cambivora is a major disease of sweet chestnut (castanea sativa). in two c. sativa stands in central italy, one (montesanti) that is infected with p. cambivora and the trees showing symptoms of ink disease and another healthy stand (puzzella), the ectomycorrhizal (ecm) community structure was investigated. on the roots of the surviving trees of the diseased stand, 29 different ecm species were determined compared to 23 in the healthy stand. eleven ecm species w ... | 2009 | 19517140 |
| in vitro anticancer potential of tree extracts from the walloon region forest. | forty-eight extracts from 16 common belgian trees from the walloon region forest were evaluated for in vitro growth inhibitory activity against the human lovo colon cancer, pc3 prostate cancer, and u373 glioblastoma cell lines. our study was performed with the aim of selecting plant candidates in order to later isolate new anticancer compounds from an easily affordable tree material. extracts from alnus glutinosa (stem bark), carpinus betulus (leaves and stem bark), castanea sativa (stem bark), ... | 2009 | 19579185 |
| composition of european chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) and association with health effects: fresh and processed products. | chestnut fruits are highly regarded and widely consumed throughout europe, america and asia. various commercial forms are available, e.g. fresh and industrially processed. there have been various reviews on the composition of chestnut fruits but there has not been a comprehensive review of the different health benefits that this fruit can provide. this review is focused on the composition and associated health effects of european fresh chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) fruits and their home-proce ... | 2010 | 20564434 |
| stop fitan: antispasmodic effect of natural extract of chestnut wood in guinea pig ileum and proximal colon smooth muscle. | abstract stop fitan® [manufactured by demar snc, cesena (fc), italy, on behalf of geosilva, cesena] is a dietary supplement proposed as a co-adjuvant in the therapy of diarrhea. it is based on the bioactive purified natural extract of chestnut (castanea sativa) wood and saccharomyces boulardii, a nonpathogenic yeast strain that has been used for treatment and prevention of diarrhea. the effects of stop fitan and the purified natural extract of chestnut wood were assessed in vitro using guinea pi ... | 2010 | 20626243 |
| quorum sensing inhibitors of staphylococcus aureus from italian medicinal plants. | morbidity and mortality estimates due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infections continue to rise. therapeutic options are limited by antibiotic resistance. anti-pathogenic compounds, which inhibit quorum sensing (qs) pathways, may be a useful alternative to antibiotics. staphylococcal qs is encoded by the agr locus and is responsible for the production of δ-hemolysin. quantification of δ-hemolysin found in culture supernatants permits the analysis of agr activity at the tr ... | 2011 | 20645243 |
| an ecological and syntaxonomical overview of castanea sativa and a new association in turkey. | castanea sativa mill. is thought to be originated from turkey. it is an important deciduous angiosperm with edible fruits and valuable wood. it has a wide distribution from east black sea to marmara and aegean regions. because of its wide distribution, c. sativa grows on different ecological, geological, climatic and edaphic condition and these results in different associations with different companion species evaluated in different upper units. in this paper, the status of turkish c. sativa for ... | 2010 | 20648816 |
| antiradical activity of natural honeys and antifungal effect against penicillium genera. | the purpose of the study was to examine the antiradical activity of 11 natural honeys and to evaluate the antifungal properties of honey. honey samples (10) were collected from different locations of slovak republic. honeys were native to different plant species of robinia pseudoacaccia, brassica napus subs. napus, castanea sativa mill. thymus serpyllum vulgaris and the other samples had multifloral origin. the low antiradical activitity in honey samples was determined. the best results were fou ... | 2011 | 21240710 |
| antioxidant potential of chestnut (castanea sativa l.) and almond (prunus dulcis l.) by-products. | the antioxidant properties of almond green husks (cvs. duro italiano, ferraduel, ferranhês, ferrastar and orelha de mula), chestnut skins and chestnut leaves (cvs. aveleira, boa ventura, judia and longal) were evaluated through several chemical and biochemical assays in order to provide a novel strategy to stimulate the application of waste products as new suppliers of useful bioactive compounds, namely antioxidants. all the assayed by-products revealed good antioxidant properties, with very low ... | 2010 | 21339136 |
| influence of gamma irradiation in the antioxidant potential of chestnuts (castanea sativa mill.) fruits and skins. | as seasonal products chestnuts have to be post-harvest treated to increase their shelf-life. the most common preservation method for chestnuts is the chemical fumigation with methyl bromide, a toxic agent that is under strictly montreal protocol due to its adverse effects on human health and environment. food irradiation is a possible feasible alternative to substitute the traditional quarantine chemical fumigation treatment. this preliminary study evaluated the influence of gamma irradiation in ... | 2011 | 21371520 |
| in vivo antioxidant potential of sweet chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood extract in young growing pigs exposed to n-3 pufa-induced oxidative stress. | farm animals in intensive farming systems are frequently exposed to oxidative stress, which demands adequate antioxidant protection. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of different concentrations of sweet chestnut wood extract (scw; 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g kgôü+-¦) in case of n-3 pufa-induced oxidative stress in young pigs. | 2011 | 21384375 |
| effect of competitive interactions between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi on castanea sativa performance. | in northeast of portugal, the macrofungal community associated to chestnut tree (castanea sativa mill.) is rich and diversified. among fungal species, the ectomycorrhizal pisolithus tinctorius and the saprotroph hypholoma fasciculare are common in this habitat. the aim of the present work was to assess the effect of the interaction between both fungi on growth, nutritional status, and physiology of c. sativa seedlings. in pot experiments, c. sativa seedlings were inoculated with p. tinctorius an ... | 2011 | 21484339 |
| chestnut cultivar diversification process in the iberian peninsula, canary islands, and azores. | this is a large-scale molecular study based on simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci of the diversification process in chestnut cultivars from portugal and spain, from the northern iberian peninsula to the canary islands and the azores. a total of 593 grafted chestnut trees (castanea sativa mill.) were analysed with 10 ssrs: 292 from portugal and 301 from spain. some of the trees studied were more than 300 years old. accessions were analysed using a model-based bayesian procedure to assess the geogr ... | 2011 | 21491973 |
| touchdown nested multiplex pcr detection of phytophthora cinnamomi and p. cambivora from french and english chestnut grove soils. | soil borne phytophthora cinnamomi and phytophthora cambivora are considered the most pathogenic species associated with chestnut (castanea sativa) decline in europe. mapping their incidence and distribution from nursery and plantation soils may offer valuable information for limiting spread. as conventional biological baiting and taxonomic confirmation is generally time consuming, labour, logistically and space intensive, we have focused on the development of a specific touchdown nested multiple ... | 2011 | 21724173 |
| the past, present and future tasks of hungarian dendrological research. | hungarian dendrological research (research of living woody plants) has more than 200 years old history; the first general work by j+ínos kereszt+®ly grossinger was published in 1797. further basic works in our time yet are: forest botany by lajos fekete and s+índor m+íg+¦csy-dietz (1896); and the chorological work, distribution of trees and shrubs of sylvicultural importance in the region of hungarian state by lajos fekete and tibor blattny (1913). a few dendrologists and many botanists have hel ... | 2010 | 21565760 |
| dietary crude protein and tannin impact dairy manure chemistry and ammonia emissions from incubated soils. | excess crude protein (cp) in dairy cow diets is excreted mostly as urea nitrogen (n), which increases ammonia (nh) emissions from dairy farms and heightens human health and environmental concerns. feeding less cp and more tannin to dairy cows may enhance feed n use and milk production, abate nh emissions, and conserve the fertilizer n value of manure. lab-scale ventilated chambers were used to evaluate the impacts of cp and tannin feeding on slurry chemistry, nh emissions, and soil inorganic n l ... | 2011 | 22031559 |
| castanea sativa mill. flowers amongst the most powerful antioxidant matrices: a phytochemical approach in decoctions and infusions. | infusions and decoction of chestnut tree flowers have been used for different medical purposes, but their phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity are still mostly unknown. herein, decoctions and infusions of flowers from the two most appreciated chestnut cultivars (longal and judia) in trás-os-montes, portugal, were prepared and characterized with regard to their content in free sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and hydrolyzable tannins, and their antioxida ... | 2014 | 24822186 |
| genetic transformation of european chestnut somatic embryos with a native thaumatin-like protein (cstl1) gene isolated from castanea sativa seeds. | the availability of a system for direct transfer of antifungal candidate genes into european chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) would offer an alternative approach to conventional breeding for production of chestnut trees tolerant to ink disease caused by phytophthora spp. for the first time, a chestnut thaumatin-like protein gene (cstl1), isolated from chestnut cotyledons, has been overexpressed in three chestnut somatic embryogenic lines. transformation experiments have been performed using an a ... | 2012 | 23086811 |
| occurrence and transmission of mycovirus cryphonectria hypovirus 1 from dejecta of thyreophagus corticalis (acari, acaridae). | the natural spread of virus-induced hypovirulence is highly involved in the recovery of blighted chestnut stands and orchards in italy and in europe. the potential role of corticolous mites as vectors of hypovirulence in blighted chestnut castanea sativa (mill.) stands was pointed out in previous reports. here, by using rt-pcr, mycovirus cryphonectria hypovirus (chv1) was detected in thyreophagus corticalis mites reared on a hypovirulent strain in monoxenic cultures and in their faecal pellets. ... | 2016 | 26895863 |
| dynamics of cryphonectria hypovirus infection in chestnut blight cankers. | virulent strains of the chestnut blight fungus cryphonectria parasitica cause lethal bark cankers on chestnut trees. infection of c. parasitica with cryphonectria hypovirus 1 in europe biologically controls this disease, leading to nonlethal and inactive cankers. unexpectedly, virus-free c. parasitica strains have been isolated from inactive cankers. in this study, we compared the virulence of virus-infected and virus-free c. parasitica strains isolated from either inactive or active cankers on ... | 2014 | 24601984 |
| in-vitro, anti-bacterial activities of aqueous extracts of acacia catechu (l.f.)willd, castanea sativa, ephedra sinica stapf and shilajita mumiyo against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. | evaluations of the in-vitro anti-bacterial activities of aqueous extracts of acacia catechu (l.f.)willd, castanea sativa, ephedra sinica stapf and shilajita mumiyo against gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumonia) and gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa) are reasonable since these ethnomedicinal plants have been used in persian folk medicine for treating skin diseases, venereal diseases, respirat ... | 2013 | 25780663 |
| optimization of water curing for the preservation of chestnuts (castanea sativa mill.) and evaluation of microbial dynamics during process. | chestnuts are very perishable fruits, whose quality may be compromised during postharvest handling. damage can be caused both by insects and fungi. water curing, a commonly used postharvest method, is based on soaking fruits in water typically for about one week. factors that affect effectiveness of water curing have only been explained partially. a decrease in ph, likely imputable to a light fermentation caused by lactic acid bacteria, may inhibit the growth of moulds. in this study a lactobaci ... | 2014 | 24929716 |
| volatile compounds and bacterial community dynamics of chestnut-flour-based sourdoughs. | the aims of this study were the monitoring of the microbial dynamics by means of a polyphasic approach based on conventional isolation techniques and pcr-dgge-based methods in different chestnut-based sourdoughs and the evaluation of the impact of fermentation on volatile organic compounds formation during sourdoughs ripening. members of the lactobacillus plantarum group and pediococcus pentosaceous dominated the sourdough ecosystems. nevertheless, rapd-pcr allowed recording a relevant genotypic ... | 2013 | 23870973 |
| dietary effects of oregano (origanum vulgaris l.) plant or sweet chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood extracts on microbiological, chemico-physical characteristics and lipid oxidation of cooked ham during storage. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary effect of feeding pigs with diets enriched with sweet chestnut wood (castanea sativa mill.) or oregano (origanum vulgaris l.) extract on the microbiological and chemical characteristics of cooked pork ham. three groups of 10 pigs were fed with a control diet (ctrl), with the ctrl diet enriched with 0.2% of oregano extract (or) and with the ctrl diet enriched with 0.2% of sweet chestnut wood extract (scw), respectively. six cooked hams per group w ... | 2015 | 27800421 |
| phenol-rich compounds sweet gel: a statistically more effective antibiotic than cloxacillin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the purpose of this study was to obtain a natural antibiotic from phenol-rich compounds; for the dressing and the treatment of chronic wounds. | 2016 | 27695634 |
| correction: castanea sativa (european chestnut) leaf extracts rich in ursene and oleanene derivatives block staphylococcus aureus virulence and pathogenesis without detectable resistance. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136486.]. | 2017 | 27657727 |
| castanea sativa (european chestnut) leaf extracts rich in ursene and oleanene derivatives block staphylococcus aureus virulence and pathogenesis without detectable resistance. | the mediterranean is home to a rich history of medical traditions that have developed under the influence of diverse cultures over millennia. today, many such traditions are still alive in the folk medical practices of local people. investigation of botanical folk medicines used in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections led us to study castanea sativa (european chestnut) for its potential antibacterial activity. here, we report the quorum sensing inhibitory activity of refined and chem ... | 2015 | 26295163 |
| comparative study of different portuguese samples of propolis: pollinic, sensorial, physicochemical, microbiological characterization and antibacterial activity. | the aim of this work was to study four propolis samples from trás-os-montes region of portugal. the propolis samples' color was different, which pollen analysis showed to be due to different botanical sources: populus sp., pinus sp., quercus sp. and castanea sativa. the data from physicochemical analysis (moisture, soluble and insoluble solids content, ph, conductivity, ash content, wax, total phenolics and flavonoids content) was treated using multivariate statistical tools as cluster heat map, ... | 2012 | 22981908 |
| pyrosequencing of environmental soil samples reveals biodiversity of the phytophthora resident community in chestnut forests. | pyrosequencing analysis was performed on soils from italian chestnut groves to evaluate the diversity of the resident phytophthora community. sequences analysed with a custom database discriminated 15 pathogenic phytophthoras including species common to chestnut soils, while a total of nine species were detected with baiting. the two sites studied differed in phytophthora diversity and the presence of specific taxa responded to specific ecological traits of the sites. furthermore, some species n ... | 2013 | 23560715 |
| scientifically advanced solutions for chestnut ink disease. | on the north regions of portugal and spain, the castanea sativa mill. culture is extremely important. the biggest productivity and yield break occurs due to the ink disease, the causal agent being the oomycete phytophthora cinnamomi. this oomycete is also responsible for the decline of many other plant species in europe and worldwide. p. cinnamomi and phytophthora cambivora are considered, by the generality of the authors, as the c. sativa ink disease causal agents. most phytophthora species sec ... | 2014 | 24622889 |
| models to predict the start of the airborne pollen season. | aerobiological data can be used as indirect but reliable measures of flowering phenology to analyze the response of plant species to ongoing climate changes. the aims of this study are to evaluate the performance of several phenological models for predicting the pollen start of season (pss) in seven spring-flowering trees (alnus glutinosa, acer negundo, carpinus betulus, platanus occidentalis, juglans nigra, alnus viridis, and castanea sativa) and in two summer-flowering herbaceous species (arte ... | 2015 | 25234751 |
| antiprotease activity of selected slovak medicinal plants. | fifty-six methanol extracts obtained from the barks, flowers, leaves and stems of 30 slovak trees, bushes and herbs used in the traditional medicine of the small carpathians, slovakia, have been screened for antiprotease (trypsin, thrombin and urokinase) activity using chromogenic bioassay. in this study, 14 extracts showed the strong inhibition activity to protease trypsin with ic50 values below 10 microg/ml. the highest inhibition activities were observed for methanol extracts of acer platanoi ... | 2010 | 20225660 |
| lipid composition of castanea sativa mill. and aesculus hippocastanum fruit oils. | sweet and horse chestnut fruit contain carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, lipids, vitamins, glycosides and coumarin. the lipids are rich in biologically active substances as fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols and tocopherols. the fruit has been used as food, and for medicinal purposes to treat inflammatory and vascular problems. | 2013 | 23174908 |
| fatty acid and proximate composition of bee bread. | palynological spectrum, proximate and fatty acid (fa) composition of eight bee bread samples of different botanical origins were examined and significant variations were observed. the samples were all identified as monofloral, namely castanea sativa (94.4%), trifolium spp. (85.6%), gossypium hirsutum (66.2%), citrus spp. (61.4%) and helianthus annuus (45.4%). each had moisture content between 11.4 and 15.9%, ash between 1.9 and 2.54%, fat between 5.9 and 11.5%, and protein between 14.8 and 24.3% ... | 2016 | 28115909 |
| using dna metabarcoding to identify the floral composition of honey: a new tool for investigating honey bee foraging preferences. | identifying the floral composition of honey provides a method for investigating the plants that honey bees visit. we compared melissopalynology, where pollen grains retrieved from honey are identified morphologically, with a dna metabarcoding approach using the rbcl dna barcode marker and 454-pyrosequencing. we compared nine honeys supplied by beekeepers in the uk. dna metabarcoding and melissopalynology were able to detect the most abundant floral components of honey. there was 92% corresponden ... | 2015 | 26308362 |
| riboflavin and lumichrome in dalmatian sage honey and other unifloral honeys determined by lc-dad technique. | riboflavin (vitamin b(2)) and its metabolite lumichrome were quantified in 117 samples from 11 unifloral honeys types (arbutus unedo l., asphodelus microcarpus salzm. et viv., citrus spp., eucalyptus spp., hedysarum coronarium l., castanea sativa l. honeydew, mentha spp., paliurus spina-christi., salix spp., salvia officinalis l., satureja spp.). the quantification of these two compounds was performed by lc-dad method which does not require sample purification. the proposed method in our study h ... | 2012 | 22953948 |
| melissopalynological and volatile analysis of honeys from corsican arbutus unedo habitat. | thirty corsican "autumn maquis" honeys were characterized by the typical combination of autumnal taxa: arbutus unedo, hedera helix, smilax aspera, rosmarinus officinalis, and two asteraceae pollen forms. corsican origin was characterized by the diversity of the taxa's biogeographical origins and significant presence of castanea sativa and quercus sp. volatile fractions of "autumn maquis" honeys were dominated by isophorone and 3,4,5-trimethylphenol. the latter is reported in a. unedo honey for t ... | 2014 | 25522552 |
| ethnobotanical and phytomedical knowledge in the north-western ligurian alps. | the ethnobotany of european alpine regions is much diversified and scarcely investigated. these regions retain a well-developed heritage culture and botanical traditional knowledge, favored by the isolated montane location. we carried out a study of therapeutic and traditional uses of native plants of a poorly explored area of the western italian alps in the ligurian region (nw italy). the area has been the object of human activities since prehistoric ages, and an obliged crossroad for people mo ... | 2014 | 24910407 |
| anti-aging potential of phytoextract loaded-pharmaceutical creams for human skin cell longetivity. | the exposure to ultraviolet radiations (uvr) is the key source of skin sunburn; it may produce harmful entities, reactive oxygen species (ros), leading to aging. the skin can be treated and protected from the injurious effects of ros by using various pharmaceutical formulations, such as cream. cream can be loaded with antioxidants to quench ros leading to photo-protective effects. moreover, modern medicines depend on ethnobotanicals for protection or treatment of human diseases. this review arti ... | 2015 | 26448818 |
| influence of experience on intake and feeding behavior of dairy sheep when offered forages from woody plants in a multiple-choice situation. | a satisfactory intake of novel low-quality forages by ruminants may require previous experience with this feed. therefore, this study tested in sheep whether experience with forages from woody plants had an influence on feed intake, feeding behavior, and nutrient supply when offered in a multiple-choice arrangement. two sheep experiments were conducted, 1 in syria (mediterranean region; exp. 1) and the other in switzerland (central europe; exp. 2), that investigated 5 and 6 woody test plants, re ... | 2013 | 23989878 |
| sugars profiles of different chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) and almond (prunus dulcis) cultivars by hplc-ri. | sugar profiles of different almond and chestnut cultivars were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), by means of a refractive index (ri) detector. a solid-liquid extraction procedure was used in defatted and dried samples. the chromatographic separation was achieved using a eurospher 100-5 nh(2) column using an isocratic elution with acetonitrile/water (70:30, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. all the compounds were separated in 16 min. the method was optimized and proved t ... | 2010 | 20033298 |
| erythrocytes and cell line-based assays to evaluate the cytoprotective activity of antioxidant components obtained from natural sources. | oxidative stress can damage cellular components including dna, proteins or lipids, and may cause several skin diseases. to protect from this damage and addressing consumer's appeal to natural products, antioxidants obtained from algal and vegetal extracts are being proposed as antioxidants to be incorporated into formulations. thus, the development of reliable, quick and economic in vitro methods to study the cytoactivity of these products is a meaningful requirement. a combination of erythrocyt ... | 2014 | 24134852 |
| contribution of botanical origin and sugar composition of honeys on the crystallization phenomenon. | the present work provides information regarding the statistical relationships among the palynological characteristics, sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, melezitose and maltose), moisture content and sugar ratios (f+g, f/g and g/w) of 136 different honey types (including bramble, chestnut, eucalyptus, heather, acacia, lime, rape, sunflower and honeydew). results of the statistical analyses (multiple comparison bonferroni test, spearman rank correlations and principal components) revealed the va ... | 2014 | 24295680 |
| food, feeding rates and assimilation in woodland snails. | analyses of the faeces of seven species of woodland, litterdwelling snails (marpessa laminata, clausilia bidentata, oxychilus cellarius, o. alliarius, discus rotundatus, arianta arbustorum and hygromia striolata), showed that all feed predominently on higher plant material, be it living or dead. h. striolata and a. arbustorum took more chlorophyll-containing plant material than the other species, d. rotundatus had a significant amount of fungus in its faeces, while the faeces of o. cellarius and ... | 1970 | 28309717 |
| cytotoxic triterpenoids isolated from sweet chestnut heartwood (castanea sativa) and their health benefits implication. | for centuries wood containers have been used in aging of wines and spirits, due to the pleasant flavors they give to the beverages. together with oak, sweet chestnut wood (castanea sativa) have been often used for such purpose. the maturation process involves the transfer of secondary metabolites, mainly phenolics, from the wood to the liquid. at the same time, other metabolites, such as triterpenoids and their glycosides, can also be released. searching for the extractable triterpenoids from sw ... | 2017 | 28363853 |
| the tree drought emission monitor (tree demon), an innovative system for assessing biogenic volatile organic compounds emission from plants. | biogenic volatile organic compounds (bvoc) emitted by plants play an important role for ecological and physiological processes, for example as response to stressors. these emitted compounds are involved in chemical processes within the atmosphere and contribute to the formation of aerosols and ozone. direct measurement of bvoc emissions requires a specialized sample system in order to obtain repeatable and comparable results. these systems need to be constructed carefully since bvoc measurements ... | 2017 | 28321263 |
| in vitro activity of a partially purified and characterized bark extract of castanea sativa mill. (enc®) against chlamydia spp. | castanea sativa mill (enc®), containing tannins against 33 chlamydia strains, was compared to smap-29 with inhibitory effect against c. trachomatis and c. pneumoniae. the enc® activity against chlamydia spp. was evaluated determining the lowest concentration to achieve more than half reduction of intact chlamydial inclusions versus controls. enc® reduced all chlamydia strains tested at 1 µg/ml, while smap-29 induced reductions of c. trachomatis and c. pneumoniae infectivity at 10 µg/ml. a great ... | 2017 | 28277149 |
| does gnomoniopsis castanea contribute to the natural biological control of chestnut gall wasp? | gnomoniopsis castanea has been reported as the causal agent of necrosis of chestnut wasp (dryocosmus kuriphilus) galls. the fungus is frequently observed on galls in chestnut stands infested by the insect in italy. in the present study the impact of gall necrosis and the dynamic of its development have been studied in mature and young castanea sativa stands in central italy during spring and early summer, before the d. kuriphilus adult flies. results suggest that gall necrosis develops from resi ... | 2017 | 28007215 |
| the castanea sativa bur as a new potential ingredient for nutraceutical and cosmetic outcomes: preliminary studies. | chestnuts are a common food product in mediterranean countries, being recognized also for their beneficial effects on human health. nevertheless, during processing, these fruits generate a large amount of food by-products, such as shells and burs. in the present work, the macronutrient composition, vitamin e profile and amino acid content of the burs were determined in samples from three different portuguese regions (minho, trás-os-montes and beira-alta). the nutritional composition was similar ... | 2017 | 27990543 |
| novel resistance measurement method: analysis of accuracy and thermal dependence with applications in fiber materials. | material resistance is important since different physicochemical properties can be extracted from it. this work describes a novel resistance measurement method valid for a wide range of resistance values up to 100 gω at a low powered, small sized, digitally controlled and wireless communicated device. the analog and digital circuits of the design are described, analysing the main error sources affecting the accuracy. accuracy and extended uncertainty are obtained for a pattern decade box, showin ... | 2016 | 27983652 |
| morphological characterization and chemical composition
of fruits of the traditional croatian chestnut variety
'lovran marron'. | 'lovran marron' is the only known traditional croatian variety of the sweet chestnut. the objective of this study is to specify qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics and to analyze the chemical composition of the 'lovran marron' fruits as well as to compare them to marušnjak fruits (trees from the 'lovran marron' seed) and fruits from the local natural sweet chestnut population. seven morphological characteristics were measured: fruit mass, height, width and thickness, scar ... | 2016 | 27904409 |
| new formulation and delivery method of cryphonectria parasitica for biological control of chestnut blight. | this study aimed to develop a new formulation of cryphonectria parasitica hypovirulent mycelium suitable for inoculations of tall trees from the ground. cryphonectria parasitica hypovirulent strains are widely used for biological control of chestnut blight. however, it is often inconsistent and ineffective not only for biological reasons but also because the current manual application of hypovirulent strains on adult plants is difficult, time-consuming and expensive. here, we propose an improved ... | 2017 | 27748552 |
| castanea sativa mill. bark extract protects u-373 mg cells and rat brain slices against ischemia and reperfusion injury. | ischemic brain injury is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. the use of one-drug-multi-target agents based on natural compounds is a promising therapeutic option for cerebral ischemia due to their pleiotropic properties. this study assessed the neuroprotective properties of castanea sativa mill. bark extract (enc) in human astrocytoma u-373 mg cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion and rat cortical slices subjected to ischemia-like conditions or treated wi ... | 2017 | 27739104 |
| comments on the morphology and biology of pammene castanicola trematerra & clausi, 2009 (lepidoptera: tortricidae: grapholitini). | many insects are reported to damage cultivated chestnut (castanea sativa mill.; fagaceae) in italy, but the most important pests of chestnut fruits are weevils (curculio elephas gyll. and curculio glandium marsh.; curculionidae) and tortricid moths (pammene and cydia; tortricidae) (pollini, 1998, speranza, 1999). the larvae of the tortricid pests develop internally, tunnelling in the fruits and eating the endocarp (rotundo et al. 1991), which significantly reduces nut quality and commercial valu ... | 2016 | 27701328 |
| nutritional characteristics and quality of eggs from laying hens fed on a diet supplemented with chestnut tannin extract (castanea sativa miller). | the trial was performed with 80 laying hens belonging to two tuscan autochthonous breeds: 40 birds of the mugellese (mu) breed and 40 of the white leghorn (wl) breed. the animals were allotted to 4 groups of individually caged 20 hens each: two groups were fed on a commercial diet and worked as the control groups (muc and wlc); the other two groups received the same diet, integrated with 2 g of chestnut tannin (ct) extract per kg of diet (mut and wlt). a sample of 70 eggs were randomly collected ... | 2016 | 27636857 |
| a comparative study of the antihyaluronidase, antiurease, antioxidant, antimicrobial and physicochemical properties of different unifloral degrees of chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) honeys. | this study was planned to investigate some physicochemical and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties of three different degrees of unifloral characters of chestnut honeys. antihyaluronidase, antiurease and antimicrobial activities were evaluated as anti-inflammatory characteristics. total phenolic contents, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic profiles, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (frap), scavenging activities of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (abts(+)) a ... | 2016 | 27440492 |
| common trends in elements? within- and between-tree variations of wood-chemistry measured by x-ray fluorescence - a dendrochemical study. | element composition of annually resolved tree-rings constitutes a promising biological proxy for reconstructions of environmental conditions and pollution history. however, several methodological and physiological issues have to be addressed before sound conclusions can be drawn from dendrochemical time series. for example, radial and vertical translocation processes of elements in the wood might blur or obscure any dendrochemical signal. in this study, we tested the degree of synchronism of ele ... | 2016 | 27267719 |
| hydrolyzable tannins from sweet chestnut fractions obtained by a sustainable and eco-friendly industrial process. | sweet chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood extracts, rich in hydrolyzable tannins (hts), are traditionally used in the tanning and textile industries, but recent studies suggest additional uses. the aim of this work is the hplc-dad-esi-ms characterization of sweet chestnut aqueous extracts and fractions obtained through a membrane separation technology system without using other solvents, and the evaluation of their antioxidant and antiradical activities. total tannins range between 2.7 and 138 ... | 2016 | 27169194 |
| chestnut and lemon balm based ingredients as natural preserving agents of the nutritional profile in matured "serra da estrela" cheese. | chestnut flowers, lemon balm plants and their decoctions were incorporated into "serra da estrela" cheese, to assess their potential to preserve its nutritional properties and provide new foodstuffs. the analyses were carried out after the normal ripening period of 1month and after 6months of storage. the most abundant nutrients were proteins and fats. the most abundant minerals were ca and na, while c16:0 and c18:1 were the main fatty acids. saturated fatty acids were the most abundant, followe ... | 2016 | 26988492 |
| spectroscopy analysis of phenolic and sugar patterns in a food grade chestnut tannin. | tannin of chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood, commonly used in winemaking was characterised with a spectroscopy qualitative approach that revealed its phenolic composition: several vibrational diagnostic bands assigned using the attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy, and fragmentation patterns obtained using the laser-desorption-ionization time-of-flight technique evidenced polygalloylglucose, e.g. castalagin/vescalagin-like structures as the most representative molecules, togeth ... | 2016 | 26948634 |
| airborne castanea pollen forecasting model for ecological and allergological implementation. | castanea sativa miller belongs to the natural vegetation of many european deciduous forests prompting impacts in the forestry, ecology, allergological and chestnut food industry fields. the study of the castanea flowering represents an important tool for evaluating the ecological conservation of north-western spain woodland and the possible changes in the chestnut distribution due to recent climatic change. the castanea pollen production and dispersal capacity may cause hypersensitivity reaction ... | 2016 | 26802339 |
| starch characterization in seven raw, boiled and roasted chestnuts (castanea sativa mill.) cultivars from portugal. | changes occurring in seven chestnut (castanea sativa sp.) cultivars, caused by boiling and roasting, on starch content, cell and starch granules dimension were evaluated, and morphological changes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. three clear patterns of variation were detected after processing, namely: i) decrease of starch content with processing; ii) starch increase with the applied treatments; iii) increase of starch with boiling and decrease with roasting. starch granules ... | 2016 | 26787954 |
| gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi causes chestnut canker symptoms in castanea sativa shoots in switzerland. | a screening of castanea sativa scions for grafting for the presence of endophytes showed that the opportunistic fungal pathogen gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi was the most abundant member of the endophytic flora. this fungus is known as a pathogen affecting chestnut fruits in italy and australia. here, we present evidence that it causes cankers very similar to the ones due to cryphonectria parasitica infection on twigs and scions of chestnut trees. we found natural infections of g. smithogilvyi in he ... | 2016 | 26768710 |
| potential of ultrasonic pulse velocity for evaluating the dimensional stability of oak and chestnut wood. | the objective of this study was to examine the potential of ultrasonic velocity as a rapid and nondestructive method to predict the dimensional stability of oak (quercus petraea (mattuschka) lieblein) and chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) that are commonly used in flooring industry. ultrasonic velocity, specific gravity, and radial, tangential and volumetric shrinkages were measured on seventy-four 20×20×30-mm(3) specimens obtained from freshly cut oak and chestnut stems. the ultrasonic velocitie ... | 2016 | 26678790 |
| betaines and related ammonium compounds in chestnut (castanea sativa mill.). | chestnut fruits, being poor of simple sugars and consisting mainly of fibers and starch, are among the constituents of mediterranean diet. while numerous studies report on content of proteins and amino acids in chestnut, no one has appeared so far on betaines, an important class of nitrogen compounds ubiquitous in plants for their protective action in response to abiotic stress. in this study, we analyzed by hplc-esi-tandem mass spectrometry, in fruits and flours of varieties of chestnut cultiva ... | 2016 | 26593620 |