| a comparison of the voluntary intake and digestion of a range of forages at different times of the year by the sheep and the red deer (cervus elaphus). | 1. comparisons were made between castrated male scottish blackface sheep and red deer (cervus elaphus) of voluntary forage intake (vfi), digestibility and the mean retention time (mrt) of a particulate-phase marker (103ru-phenanthroline) in the alimentary tract, when a range of forages: dried-grass pellets, chopped dried grass, fresh-frozen agrostis-festuca spp. and heather (calluna vulgaris, l. hull) were given at different times of the year. 2. on both the dried-grass-pellet and chopped dried- ... | 1978 | 698173 |
| urinary quinol and orcinol outputs as indices of voluntary intake of heather (calluna vulgaris l. (hull)) by sheep. | | 1975 | 1187633 |
| a calluna vulgaris extract 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor shows potent antiproliferative effects on human leukemia hl-60 cells. | a water-calluna vulgaris extract (water-cve) was found to be a relatively specific arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor and showed potent anti-proliferative effects on human leukemic hl60 cells. water-cve completely inhibited potato 5-lipoxygenase activity at 250 micrograms/ml, partially inhibited soybean 15-lipoxygenase at ph 7.4 and had no effect either on this 15-lipoxygenase at its optimal activity ph (ph 9) or on lupinus albus 5-, 8-, 15-lipoxygenase. in culture, the proliferation and dna ... | 1992 | 1419080 |
| characterization of ursolic acid as a lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibitor using macrophages, platelets and differentiated hl60 leukemic cells. | a new property of ursolic acid, lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibition, has been described in an acetone-extract of heather flowers (calluna vulgaris) which could help explain the anti-inflammatory characteristics of this plant. in mouse peritoneal macrophages, human platelets and differentiated hl60 leukemic cells, ursolic acid, at 1 microm, blocks arachidonate metabolism. | 1992 | 1544497 |
| inhibition of lipoxygenase activity and hl60 leukemic cell proliferation by ursolic acid isolated from heather flowers (calluna vulgaris). | a compound was isolated and purified from heather flowers (calluna vulgaris) based on its ability to inhibit lipoxygenase activity. this molecule was characterized as ursolic acid by gc-ms. ursolic acid was found to be an inhibitor of both potato tuber 5-lipoxygenase and soybean 15-lipoxygenase with ic50 values of 0.3 mm. ursolic acid also inhibits lipoxygenase activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages at 1 microm and hl60 leukemic cells growth (ic50 = 0.85 microm) as well as their dna synthesis ... | 1992 | 1567909 |
| a survey of the antibacterial activity of some new zealand honeys. | to assess the variation in antibacterial activity of honey a survey was carried out on 345 samples of unpasteurized honey obtained from commercial apiarists throughout new zealand. most of the honeys were considered to be monofloral, from 26 different floral sources. the honeys were tested against staphylococcus aureus in an agar well diffusion assay, with reference to phenol as a standard. antibacterial activity was found to range from the equivalent of less than 2% (w/v) phenol to 58% (w/v) ph ... | 1991 | 1687577 |
| measurements on retention and transfer characteristics of radiocaesium from poor quality upland soils to heather and from heather to sheep. | this paper presents results from initial measurements of cs-134, cs-137 and k-40 activities made on poor quality upland soils and associated calluna vulgaris vegetation. soil-plant radiocaesium and potassium relationships were investigated. chernobyl caesium shows a higher concentration ratio from soil to heather compared to the older weapons-test caesium. significant radiocaesium levels have been measured (both in vivo and in vitro) in sheep grazing four sites. there was a significant correlati ... | 1989 | 2814443 |
| the digestion of heather (calluna vulgaris) by red grouse (lagopus lagopus scoticus). | | 1972 | 5015248 |
| the origin of urinary aromatic compounds excreted by ruminants. 4. the potential use of urine aromatic acid and phenol outputs as a measure of voluntary food intake. | 1. studies were made of the extent to which p-cresol, catechol, quinol and orcinol infused through rumen or abomasal cannulas to sheep were recovered in their urine. 2. rumen fermentation of dietary phenolic compounds caused the excretion of simple phenols in the urine. in decreasing order of magnitude these were: p-cresol, catechol, phenol and 4-methylcatechol with only traces of quinol and orcinol. 3. the percentages of rumen-infused p-cresol or orcinol recovered as increments in the urinary p ... | 1983 | 6821693 |
| evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of some swedish medicinal plants. inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis and paf-induced exocytosis. | plants used in swedish traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and/or wounds were selected, based on literature data, for evaluation of inhibitory activity on prostaglandin biosynthesis and platelet activating factor (paf)-induced exocytosis in vitro. fifty-nine water extracts from 52 different plants in 28 families were tested. a number of plants, e.g. calluna vulgaris, corylus avellana, geum urbanum, juniperus communis, polygonum aviculare, potentilla erecta and salix caprea were f ... | 1995 | 8583796 |
| patterns of allozymic variation within calluna vulgaris populations at seed bank and adult stages | we investigated the spatial genetic structure within and between two plots of calluna vulgaris and the extent to which the soil seed bank differed genetically from adults at seven allozyme loci. averaged over the two plots, the seed bank and adult populations contained very similar levels of genetic diversity. moreover, seeds contained in a single soil core (100 cm3) exhibited similar mean allozyme diversity to the surrounding adult population, indicating that the seed bank preserves genetic div ... | 1999 | 10383662 |
| exclusion of grass roots from soil organic layers by calluna: the role of ericoid mycorrhizas. | the role of ericoid mycorrhizal colonization in competition between the dwarf shrub calluna vulgaris and coarse grass nardus stricta was investigated. nardus was grown alone, or in competition with calluna, in a layered organic/sand substrate with and without inoculation with the ericoid mycorrhizal endophyte hymenoscyphus ericae, and with and without the addition of nitrogen. root length and allocation between different substrate layers was assessed along with plant biomass, nutrient uptake and ... | 2000 | 10948239 |
| a european pest to control a new zealand weed: investigating the safety of heather beetle, lochmaea suturalis (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) for biological control of heather, calluna vulgaris. | heather, calluna vulgaris (l.) hull, is a serious invasive weed in the central north island of new zealand, especially in tongariro national park, a world heritage area. heather beetle, lochmaea suturalis (thomson), is a foliage-feeding pest of calluna in europe, that was selected as the most promising biological control agent for introduction into new zealand, because it causes high levels of damage to calluna in europe. host-range tests indicated that l. suturalis poses a negligible threat to ... | 2000 | 10948377 |
| strategies for nematode transmission: selective migration of trichostrongylus tenuis infective larvae. | successful transmission of macroparasites is dependent on exposure of susceptible hosts to free-living infective stages. when these hosts are herbivores that feed mostly on a single food plant then natural selection should favour those infective larvae that selectively ascend this main food plant. red grouse feed predominantly on heather, calluna vulgaris, so we predict that the infective larvae (l3) of the caecal nematode trichostrongylus tenuis selectively locate and ascend heather plants. to ... | 2001 | 11818056 |
| chloroplast dna diversity in calluna vulgaris (heather) populations in europe. | variation in the chloroplast genome of calluna vulgaris (heather), the dominant species of northwest european heath communities, was analysed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (pcr-rflps) and microsatellites. no length polymorphisms were detected in the 100-200 base pair (bp) fragments amplified by the conserved microsatellite primers, and sequencing revealed that the repeat regions were interrupted relative to the corresponding sequence in nicotiana tabac ... | 2002 | 11903905 |
| screening seeds of scottish plants for antibacterial activity. | based on ethnopharmacological and taxonomic information, seeds of 21 scottish plant species from 14 different families were obtained from authentic seed suppliers. their n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against 11 pathogenic bacterial species. methanol extracts of 11 plant species showed significant antibacterial activity. malva moschata and prunus padus were active against five bacterial species, reseda lutea against four, centaurium eryth ... | 2002 | 12413709 |
| classifying honeys from the soria province of spain via multivariate analysis. | a total of 73 different honeys from seven botanical origins [ling (calluna vulgaris l.), heather (erica sp.), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.), thyme (thymus vulgaris l.), honeydew (quercus sp.), spike lavender (lavandula latifolia m.) and french lavender (lavandula stoechas l.)] have been classified by applying discriminant analysis to their metal content data and other common physicochemical parameters. fifteen minerals were identified and quantified using atomic emission spectroscopy (aes ... | 2005 | 15856192 |
| phosphatases of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi: kinetic properties and the effect of copper on activity. | ericoid endomycorrhizal fungi (two isolates of hymenoscyphus ericae obtained from unpolluted heathlands and two h. ericae-type endophytes isolated from calluna vulgaris growing on cu-contaminated mine spoil) were grown for 14 d on 10% rorison's solution containing sodium phytate as the sole p source and either trace (0.16 microm) or elevated (0.25 mm) concentrations of cu. the elevated levels of cu in the medium had no effect on the growth of the two h. ericae-type endophytes from mine spoil sit ... | 2005 | 15912936 |
| do competition and herbivory alter the internal nitrogen dynamics of birch saplings? | deciduous trees recycle nitrogen within their tissues. the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that reductions in plant growth, caused by competition and herbivory, reduce the sink strength for n during autumn nutrient withdrawal, and reduce the storage capacity and hence the amount of n remobilized in the following spring. we used (15)n-labelled fertilizer to quantify n uptake, leaf n withdrawal and remobilization. betula pubescens saplings were grown with either molinia caerulea or ca ... | 2005 | 16219080 |
| heavy metal dispersion, persistance, and bioccumulation around an ancient copper mine situated in anglesey, uk. | the vicinity of an ancient abandoned copper mine located on the isle of anglesey was assessed for the dispersion of copper, zinc, lead, and cadmium into the surrounding environment. extraction of soil, lichens, cattle feces, and calluna vulgaris l. (ling) tissue, using aqua regia, was carried out and together with water samples, these were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. atmospheric dispersion and dilution was plotted from the workings to the coast and the resultant dilution ... | 2007 | 16618505 |
| bio-availability of tungsten in the vicinity of an abandoned mine in the english lake district and some potential health implications. | this research addresses the occurrence, detection and possible fate of tungsten in the vicinity of an abandoned mine in the english lake district. aqua regia extraction and subsequent analysis of spoil and vegetation confirmed the presence of tungsten and other heavy metals. spoil samples examined were last worked almost 100 years ago and the concentrations of copper, zinc, tungsten and arsenic detected demonstrate the environmental persistence of these metals in an area of relatively high rainf ... | 2006 | 16942791 |
| determining diet composition on complex swards using n-alkanes and long-chain fatty alcohols. | we conducted an experiment to quantify the accuracy of methods based on n-alkanes and long-chain fatty alcohols for determining the diet composition of animals grazing complex swards. we cut forage from two indigenous vegetation communities, a molinia caerulea-dominated grassland and a calluna vulgaris-dominated dwarf-shrub community, and offered it to mature ewes in different ratios in a zero-grazing experiment. nine dietary categories were identified within the forage offered: molinia caerulea ... | 2006 | 17069381 |
| phosphorus supply influences heathland responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition. | on an upland moor dominated by pioneer calluna vulgaris and with an understorey of mosses and lichens, experimental plots were treated with factorial combinations of nitrogen (n) at +0 and +20kg nha(-1)yr(-1), and phosphorus (p) at +0 and +5kg pha(-1)yr(-1). over the 4-year duration of the experiment, the cover of the calluna canopy increased in density over time as part of normal phenological development. moss cover increased initially in response to n addition but then remained static; increas ... | 2007 | 17182158 |
| competing conservation goals, biodiversity or ecosystem services: element losses and species recruitment in a managed moorland-bracken model system. | conservation management in europe is often geared towards restoring semi-natural ecosystems, where the objective is to reverse succession and re-establish early-successional communities, to comply with national and international conservation targets. at the same time, it is increasingly recognised that ecosystems provide services that contribute to other, possibly conflicting policy requirements. few attempts have been made to define these conflicts. here, we assess some potential conflicts usin ... | 2007 | 17207569 |
| application of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolite profiling techniques to the analysis of heathland plant diets of sheep. | little is known about how plant biochemistry influences the grazing behavior of animals consuming heterogeneous plant communities. the biochemical profiles of grassland species are mostly restricted to major nutritional characteristics, although recent developments in analytical techniques and data analysis have made possible the detailed analysis of minor components that may influence animal feeding preferences, performance, and health. in the present study, gas chromatography coupled with time ... | 2007 | 17249687 |
| bioassay-guided isolation of kaempferol-3-o-beta-d-galactoside with anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity from the aerial part of calluna vulgaris l. | calluna vulgaris l. (ericaceae) is used for the treatment of various inflammatory ailments in traditional medicines. in order to evaluate this ethnobotanical information, its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities were studied using in vivo experimental models in mice. the ethanolic extract of the plant was first fractionated into five extracts; namely, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (etoac), n-butanol, and water fractions. among them, the etoac fr. was found to be the most effect ... | 2007 | 17765419 |
| short- and medium-term effects of experimental nitrogen fertilization on arthropods associated with calluna vulgaris heathlands in north-west spain. | we studied the short- and medium-term effects of experimental nitrogen fertilization (3 and 15 months after the treatment) on the arthropods of calluna vulgaris heathlands in nw spain. three heathland sites were selected with two permanent plots per site: control and fertilized. ammonium nitrate fertilizer (56 kg n ha(-1) yr(-1)) was applied monthly and insects were caught using pitfall traps. we found mainly species-level responses to nitrogen addition. seven species (e.g. lochmaea suturalis) s ... | 2008 | 17825966 |
| diversity of fungi in hair roots of ericaceae varies along a vegetation gradient. | ericaceous dwarf shrubs including calluna vulgaris and vaccinium spp. occur both in open heathland communities and in forest ecosystems as understory vegetation. ericaceous shrubs were once thought to form ericoid mycorrhizal associations with a relatively narrow range of ascomycetous fungi closely related to, and including, rhizoscyphus ericae. however, perceptions have recently changed since the realization that a broader range of ascomycete fungi, and in some cases basidiomycete fungi, can al ... | 2007 | 17908212 |
| the ecological aspect of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology of population in bosnia and herzegovina. | this paper contains first systematical revision of the results on traditional use of wild medicinal and aromatic herbs on the territory of bosnia and herzegovina (b&h)--west of balkan peninsula; southeast of europe. there have been detected 227 plants belonging to 71 different plant families, which are being used with ethno therapeutic purpose. results were obtained by method of open ethno botanical interview which comprised 150 persons, whose average age was 63. medicinal plants in ethno therap ... | 2007 | 18041402 |
| reduced nitrogen has a greater effect than oxidised nitrogen on dry heathland vegetation. | we investigated the effects of different ratios of reduced (nh4+) versus oxidised (no3(-)) nitrogen in deposition on heathland and species-rich grassland vegetation at high nitrogen deposition levels in large mesocosms filled with nutrient-poor soils to which different nh4+/no3(-) ratios were applied. the response of the forbs, antennaria dioica, arnica montana, gentiana pneumonanthe, thymus serpyllum, the grasses danthonia decumbens, deschampsia flexuosa, nardus stricta and the shrub calluna vu ... | 2008 | 18206283 |
| nitrogen deposition increases the acquisition of phosphorus and potassium by heather calluna vulgaris. | increased plant productivity due to nitrogen pollution increases the strength of the global carbon sink, but is implicated in plant diversity loss. however, modelling and experimental studies have suggested that these effects are constrained by availability of other nutrients. in a survey of element concentrations in calluna vulgaris across an n deposition gradient in the uk, shoot concentrations of n and more surprisingly phosphorus and potassium were positively correlated with n deposition; ti ... | 2008 | 18207619 |
| evaluation of anilinopyrimidine and other fungicides for control of grey mould (botrytis cinerea) in container-grown calluna vulgaris. | grey mould (botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr.) is a damaging disease affecting container-grown calluna vulgaris (l.) hull. trials were conducted to test anilinopyrimidine fungicides (pyrimethanil, cyprodinil and mepanipyrim), azoxystrobin and tolylfluanid for crop safety on cultivars, and to evaluate spray programmes based on alternating these fungicides with different modes of action for disease control. timing and application at different spray intervals were also investigated. | 2008 | 18286666 |
| gully hotspot contribution to landscape methane (ch4) and carbon dioxide (co2) fluxes in a northern peatland. | peatlands are long term carbon catchments that sink atmospheric carbon dioxide (co(2)) and source methane (ch(4)). in the uplands of the united kingdom ombrotrophic blanket peatlands commonly exist within calluna vulgaris (l.) dominated moorland ecosystems. these landscapes contain a range of topographical features that influence local hydrology, climate and plant community composition. in this study we examined the variation in ecosystem co(2) respiration and net ch(4) fluxes from typical plant ... | 2008 | 18502473 |
| increasing litter species richness reduces variability in a terrestrial decomposer system. | debate on the relationship between diversity and stability has been driven by the recognition that species loss may influence ecosystem properties and processes. we conducted a litterbag experiment in the scottish highlands, united kingdom, to examine the effects of altering plant litter diversity on decomposition, microbial biomass, and microfaunal abundance. the design of treatments was fully factorial and included five species from an upland plant community (silver birch, betula pendula; scot ... | 2008 | 18831186 |
| bone lead levels and lead isotope ratios in red grouse from scottish and yorkshire moors. | leg and foot bones of adult and juvenile red grouse (lagopus lagopus scoticus) were collected from hunter-shot birds on two scottish estates (glendye and invermark) and one yorkshire estate in september, 2003. the lead content of bones was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and corresponding stable lead isotopes (pb(204, 206, 207, 208)) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. at the glendye (n=111) and invermark (n=85) estates, relatively few birds (5.4% and 3.5%, respecti ... | 2009 | 19264349 |
| assessment of very long-chain fatty acids as complementary or alternative natural fecal markers to n-alkanes for estimating diet composition of goats feeding on mixed diets. | this study aimed to assess the use of very long-chain fatty acids (vlcfa) as an alternative or a complement to n-alkane markers for estimation of diet composition of goats fed 7 different diets, composed of different proportions of herbaceous (lolium perenne and trifolium repens) and heathland woody species (erica umbellata, erica cinerea, calluna vulgaris, erica arborea, and ulex gallii), in a metabolism study. diet composition was estimated from vlcfa (i.e., c(22) to c(34)) and alkane (i.e., c ... | 2009 | 19395523 |
| activity of scottish plant, lichen and fungal endophyte extracts against mycobacterium aurum and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | with tuberculosis the leading bacterial killer worldwide and other mycobacterial diseases on the increase, the search for new antimycobacterial agents is timely. in this study, extracts from plants, lichens and fungal endophytes of scottish provenance were screened for activity against mycobacterium aurum and m. tuberculosis h(37)rv. the best activity against m. aurum was observed for extracts of juniperus communis roots and cladonia arbuscula (mic = 4 microg/ml), and a fungal endophyte isolated ... | 2010 | 19827032 |
| the distribution of (137)cs, k, rb and cs in plants in a sphagnum-dominated peatland in eastern central sweden. | we record the distribution of (137)cs, k, rb and cs within individual sphagnum plants (down to 20cm depth) as well as (137)cs in vascular plants growing on a peatland in eastern central sweden. in calluna vulgaris(137)cs was mainly located within the green parts, whereas andromeda polifolia, eriophorum vaginatum and vaccinium oxycoccos showed higher (137)cs activity in roots. carex rostrata and menyanthes trifoliata showed variable distribution of (137)cs within the plants. the patterns of (137) ... | 2010 | 19889484 |
| long-term effects of single potassium fertilization on 137cs levels in plants and fungi in a boreal forest ecosystem. | we examined the long-term effects of a single application of potassium (k) fertilizer (100 kg k ha(-1)) in 1992 on (137)cs uptake in a forest ecosystem in central sweden. (137)cs activity concentrations were determined in three low-growing perennial shrubs, heather (calluna vulgaris), lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea) and bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), and in four wild fungal species (cortinarius semisanguineus, lactarius rufus, rozites caperata and suillus variegatus). uptake of (137)cs by p ... | 2010 | 21144627 |
| photoprotective effects of 2 natural products on ultraviolet b-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in skh-1 mouse skin. | abstract solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) is the major cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention with natural products represents a simple but very effective strategy for the management of cutaneous neoplasia. we studied the photoprotective activity of calluna vulgaris and red grape seed (vitis vinifera l, burgund mare variety [bm]) extracts in vivo in an skh-1 hairless mice skin model. fifty 8-week-old female skh-1 hairless mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10 ... | 2011 | 21470043 |
| Photoprotective Effect of Calluna vulgaris Extract Against UVB-Induced Phototoxicity in Human Immortalized Keratinocytes. | There is an increasing interest in the use of natural antioxidants as photoprotective agents against skin damages produced by ultraviolet radiation. The aim of our study was to investigate the protective effect of a Calluna vulgaris extract in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. HaCaT cells were treated with C. vulgaris extract 30 minutes prior to irradiation with UVB. The protective effect was evaluated by assessing cell viability using tetrasolium salt (MTT) a ... | 2011 | 22181981 |
| Does forest fragmentation affect the same way all growth-forms? | Fragmentation of natural habitats is one of the main causes of the loss of biodiversity. However, all plants do not respond to habitat fragmentation in the same way due to differences in species traits. We studied the effect of patch size and isolation on the biodiversity of vegetation in the mixed-oak forests in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. The aim was to evaluate whether all the growth-forms of vegetation are equally affected by forest fragmentation in order to improve the management st ... | 2012 | 21924813 |
| chemopreventive effects of calluna vulgaris and vitis vinifera extracts on uvb-induced skin damage in skh-1 hairless mice. | solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) is a major cause of non-melanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention with natural products represents a simple but very effective strategy in the management of cutaneous neoplasia. the study investigated the protective activity of calluna vulgaris (cv) and red grape seeds (vitis vinifera l, burgund mare variety) (bm) extracts in vivo on uvb-induced deleterious effects in skh-1 mice skin. forty skh-1 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): control ... | 2011 | 21893700 |
| photochemoprotective effect of calluna vulgaris extract on skin exposed to multiple doses of ultraviolet b in skh-1 hairless mice. | uvb is a major cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention represents an important strategy in protecting the skin against the detrimental effects of ultraviolet b (uvb). we investigated the activity of calluna vulgaris (cv) delivered via a hydrogel on 3 main pathways (oxidative stress, inflammation, dna damage) on skin exposed to multiple doses of uvb in skh-1 mice. fifty female mice were divided randomly into 5 groups: control, vehicle, uvb irradiated, cv + uvb irradiated, ... | 2012 | 23339698 |
| antimicrobial activity of different finnish monofloral honeys against human pathogenic bacteria. | the antimicrobial activity and phenolic compounds of five finnish honey products against important human pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant s. aureus were analyzed. microbroth dilution method and hplc-dad were used in antimicrobial testing and phenolic compound determination, respectively. significant antimicrobial activity (p < 0.01) against all the tested pathogens was found from willow herb (epilobium angustifolium), heather (call ... | 2012 | 23278378 |
| persistent supercooling of reproductive shoots is enabled by structural ice barriers being active despite an intact xylem connection. | extracellular ice nucleation usually occurs at mild subzero temperatures in most plants. for persistent supercooling of certain plant parts ice barriers are necessary to prevent the entry of ice from already frozen tissues. the reproductive shoot of calluna vulgaris is able to supercool down to below -22°c throughout all developmental stages (shoot elongation, flowering, fruiting) despite an established xylem conductivity. after localization of the persistent ice barrier between the reproductive ... | 2016 | 27632365 |
| in vitro screening for anti-acetylcholiesterase, anti-oxidant, anti-glucosidase, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect of three traditional medicinal plants. | in this study we investigated the phytoconstituents calluna vulgaris, ferula hermonis and tribulus terrestris, and then assessed their possible biological activities by using standard methods. a preliminary phytochemical investigation of the three extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, lipids, phenolic compounds, saponins, sterols and amino acids. three extracts showed anti-oxidant effect as they inhibited the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (dpph) oxidation and produc ... | 2014 | 26740784 |
| in vitro activity of heather [calluna vulgaris (l.) hull] extracts on selected urinary tract pathogens. | calluna vulgaris l. hull (ericaceae) has been used for treatment of urinary tract infections in traditional medicine. in this study we analyzed in vitro antibacterial activity of the plant extracts on different strains of escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis and proteus vulgaris, as well as the concentrations of total phenols and flavonoids in the extracts. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) were determined. the concentrations of total phenols ... | 2014 | 25428676 |
| in vitro effect of heather (ericaceae) extracts on different development stages of teladorsagia circumcincta and haemonchus contortus. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of heather (ericaceae) phenolic extracts on the abomasal nematodes teladorsagia circumcincta and haemonchus contortus. extracts of three heather species (calluna vulgaris, erica cinerea, erica umbellata and a balanced mixture of all three) were tested in vitro on different development stages of t. circumcincta (eggs, infective larvae and adult worms) and h. contortus (eggs and infective larvae) using an egg hatching assay (eha), a ... | 2013 | 23764130 |
| supercritical fluid extraction of heather (calluna vulgaris) and evaluation of anti-hepatitis c virus activity of the extracts. | previous studies using lipid extracts of heather (calluna vulgaris) leaves showed the presence of high concentrations of ursolic and oleanolic acid. these two compounds have been reported to present antiviral activity against hepatitis c virus (hcv). in this work, the supercritical fluid extraction of heather was studied with the aim of assessing a potential anti-hcv activity of the extracts owing to their triterpenic acid content. supercritical extraction assays were carried out exploring the p ... | 2015 | 25550074 |
| anthelmintic effect of heather in goats experimentally infected with trichostrongylus colubriformis. | the effects of heather (composed primarily of calluna vulgaris with a smaller content of erica umbellata and erica cinerea) consumption on the establishment of incoming infective larvae (experiment 1, preventive treatment) and an adult worm population (experiment 2, curative treatment) were investigated in cashmere goats experimentally infected with trichostrongylus colubriformis. in experiment 1, 12 castrated male goats were divided into two groups: heather-supplemented vs. non-supplemented ani ... | 2014 | 24271153 |
| in vitro effect of heather extracts on trichostrongylus colubriformis eggs, larvae and adults. | this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro effects of different heather species on trichostrongylus colubriformis eggs, larvae and adult worms, and obtain scientific evidence to attribute these effects to the action of their phenolic compounds and/or tannins. total phenolic extracts of three heather species (calluna vulgaris, erica cinerea, and erica umbellata) and an equal mixture of these three extracts were tested in vitro in the three development stages of t. colubriformis using an ... | 2013 | 23948558 |
| combining microtomy and confocal laser scanning microscopy for structural analyses of plant-fungus associations. | the serious problem of extended tissue thickness in the analysis of plant-fungus associations was overcome using a new method that combines physical and optical sectioning of the resin-embedded sample by microtomy and confocal microscopy. improved tissue infiltration of the fungal-specific, high molecular weight fluorescent probe wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to alexa fluor® 633 resulted in high fungus-specific fluorescence even in deeper tissue sections. if autofluorescence was insufficient, ... | 2014 | 24249491 |
| factors influencing the distribution and activity of dermacentor reticulatus (f.) ticks in an anthropopressure-unaffected area in central-eastern poland. | despite the increasing prevalence and significant role of d. reticulatus in pathogen transmission, the factors influencing its distribution and activity are still poorly known. the paper presents for the first time a study of the d. reticulatus ecology in a protected area, in which the dependence of d. reticulatus occurrence and activity on the ecological habitat type is analysed. | 2016 | 27294631 |
| diversity of the insect visitors on calluna vulgaris (ericaceae) in southern france heathlands. | as part of an ongoing research project on the pollination networks in european heathlands, the objective of this study was to assess the insect visitor guild on calluna vulgaris (l.) hull (ericaceae). we focused the study on a region renowned for its largely well-preserved heathlands, the cévennes national park, southern france. in 2013, flower visitors were observed over 3 d per site, in four heathland sites at mont lozère. honeybees (apis mellifera l.) were the main visitors (62-88% of total v ... | 2015 | 26392575 |
| how does pollen chemistry impact development and feeding behaviour of polylectic bees? | larvae and imagos of bees rely exclusively on floral rewards as a food source but host-plant range can vary greatly among bee species. while oligolectic species forage on pollen from a single family of host plants, polylectic bees, such as bumblebees, collect pollen from many families of plants. these polylectic species contend with interspecific variability in essential nutrients of their host-plants but we have only a limited understanding of the way in which chemicals and chemical combination ... | 2014 | 24465963 |
| screening of plants used in danish folk medicine to treat depression and anxiety for affinity to the serotonin transporter and inhibition of mao-a. | a number of plant species are used in danish folk medicine for treatment of depression and anxiety. | 2013 | 23266274 |
| diversity of fungal assemblages in roots of ericaceae in two mediterranean contrasting ecosystems. | the plants belonging to the ericaceae family are morphologically diverse and widely distributed groups of plants. they are typically found in soil with naturally poor nutrient status. the objective of the current study was to identify cultivable mycobionts from roots of nine species of ericaceae (calluna vulgaris, erica arborea, erica australis, erica umbellate, erica scoparia, erica multiflora, arbutus unedo, vaccinium myrtillus, and vaccinium corymbosum). the sequencing approach was used to am ... | 2017 | 28302364 |
| arbutin content and antioxidant activity of some ericaceae species. | quantitative analyses and investigation of antioxidant activity of herb and dry ethanolic extracts of five species from ericaceae family (arbutus unedo l., bruckentalia spiculifolia rchb., calluna vulgaris salisb., erica arborea l. and erica carnea l.) were performed. total polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically and arbutin content was measured both spectrophotometrically and by hplc coupled with dad detection. antioxidative properites of the ethanolic extract ... | 2009 | 19947168 |
| plant species dominance shifts across erosion edge-meadow transects in the swiss alps. | while exerting no obvious function under "average" environmental conditions, the presence of certain plant specialists becomes crucial in the event of a complete failure of a community due to severe disturbance such as landslides. plants capable of growing at erosion edges may act as potential edge-engineers by coping with unstable ground and stabilizing the soil with their roots. we hypothesized that life conditions at erosion edges select for a particular set of specialists or species with spe ... | 2013 | 23337968 |
| essential and non-essential elements in natural vegetation in southern norway: contribution from different sources. | concentrations of essential and non-essential elements in five widespread species of natural boreal vegetation were studied with respect to seasonal variation and contribution from different sources. the plant species included in the study were betula pubescens, sorbus aucuparia, vaccinium myrtillus, vaccinium uliginosum, calluna vulgaris and deschampsia flexuosa. concentrations of elements essential to plants remained essentially constant or decreased slightly throughout the growing season. con ... | 2015 | 25268568 |
| diet selection and performance of cattle and horses grazing in heathlands. | as the number of horses is steadily increasing in cantabrian less-favoured areas, mostly occupied by nutritionally poor heathland communities, the objective of this research was to study and compare diet selection and performance of crossbred horses and beef cattle (asturiana de los valles breed) grazing these areas during the summer. a total of 20 cows (seven lactating their calves and thirteen dry) and 20 mares (eight lactating their foals and twelve dry) were managed during 3 years on a heath ... | 2011 | 22440293 |
| characterisation of the aroma profiles of different honeys and corresponding flowers using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry. | the aroma profiles of thirteen different honey samples from four botanical origins: heather (calluna vulgaris), raspberry (rubus idaeus), rape (brassica napus), alder buckthorn (frangula alnus) and the blossoms of the four corresponding flowers were investigated to find odour-active compounds exclusively representing specific honeys based on odour-active compounds from the blossoms. gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and gas-chromatography-olfactometry were used to determine and identi ... | 2015 | 25236195 |
| chemometrics as a tool of origin determination of polish monofloral and multifloral honeys. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the application of chemometrics studies to determine the botanical origin of polish monofloral honeys using nmr spectroscopy. aqueous extracts of six kinds of honeys, namely, heather (calluna vulgaris l.), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum l), lime (tilia l), rape (brassica napus l. var. napus), acacia (acacia mill.), and multifloral ones, were analyzed. multivariate chemometric data analysis was performed using principal component analysis (pca) and orthogona ... | 2014 | 24641200 |
| caesium radioactivity in several selected species of honey. | in the years following the accident to the nuclear power plant at chernobyl, investigations on several selected species of honey were done to determine their 134,137cs contamination. very low caesium activities were found in flower honeys, especially rape honeys. the transfer factor of caesium from the soil to the rape plant (brassica napus var. oleifera) was found to be fcs = 0.116 +/- 0.080 in 1987, but only fcs = 0.017 +/- 0.017 in 1988, due to the lower availability of the caesium by gradual ... | 1993 | 8469962 |
| long-term nitrogen deposition increases heathland carbon sequestration. | the large increases in reactive nitrogen (n) deposition in developed countries since the industrial revolution have had a marked impact on ecosystem functioning, including declining species richness, shifts in species composition, and increased n leaching. a potential mitigation of these harmful effects is the action of n as a fertiliser, which, through increasing primary productivity (and subsequently, organic matter production), has the potential to increase ecosystem carbon (c) storage. here ... | 2017 | 28340453 |
| ericoid roots and mycospheres govern plant-specific bacterial communities in boreal forest humus. | in this study, the bacterial populations of roots and mycospheres of the boreal pine forest ericoid plants, heather (calluna vulgaris), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea), were studied by qpcr and next-generation sequencing (ngs). all bacterial communities of mycosphere soils differed from soils uncolonized by mycorrhizal mycelia. colonization by mycorrhizal hyphae increased the total number of bacterial 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) gene copies in the humus but d ... | 2017 | 28025668 |
| monoterpene emissions in response to long-term night-time warming, elevated co2 and extended summer drought in a temperate heath ecosystem. | monoterpenes emitted from plants have an important role in atmospheric chemistry through changing atmospheric oxidative capacity, forming new particles and secondary organic aerosols. the emission rates and patterns can be affected by changing climate. in this study, emission responses to six years of climatic manipulations (elevated co2, extended summer drought and night-time warming) were investigated in a temperate semi-natural heath ecosystem. samples for monoterpene analysis were collected ... | 2017 | 27989477 |
| modelling carbon emissions in calluna vulgaris-dominated ecosystems when prescribed burning and wildfires interact. | a present challenge in fire ecology is to optimize management techniques so that ecological services are maximized and c emissions minimized. here, we modeled the effects of different prescribed-burning rotation intervals and wildfires on carbon emissions (present and future) in british moorlands. biomass-accumulation curves from four calluna-dominated ecosystems along a north-south gradient in great britain were calculated and used within a matrix-model based on markov chains to calculate above ... | 2016 | 27880840 |
| polyphenols and sunburn. | polyphenols are antioxidant molecules found in many foods such as green tea, chocolate, grape seeds, and wine. polyphenols have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. growing evidence suggests that polyphenols may be used for the prevention of sunburns as polyphenols decrease the damaging effects of ultraviolet a (uva) and ultraviolet b (uvb) radiation on the skin. this review was conducted to examine the evidence for use of topically and orally ingested polyphenols in pr ... | 2016 | 27618035 |
| biophenols and antioxidant activity in wild and cultivated heather. | over the last decade, there has been an increasing interest to study the antioxidants from natural sources which can be applied to replace the synthetic compounds commonly used in food or as cosmetic ingredients. calluna vulgaris (l.) hull (heather), a plant grown in most parts of europe and northern america, has been used in ethnopharmacology. the content of selected biophenols and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts of wild heather collected from natural environmental localities of centra ... | 2017 | 27546074 |
| disruption of trophic interactions involving the heather beetle by atmospheric nitrogen deposition. | elevated nitrogen (n) deposition impacts the structure and functioning of heathland ecosystems across europe. calluna plants under high n-inputs are very sensitive to secondary stress factors, including defoliation attacks by the heather beetle. these attacks result in serious damage or death of calluna, its rapid replacement by grasses, and the subsequent loss of heathland. we know very little about the mechanisms that control the populations and trigger outbreaks of the heather beetle, impedin ... | 2016 | 27470539 |
| the role of fire in uk peatland and moorland management: the need for informed, unbiased debate. | fire has been used for centuries to generate and manage some of the uk's cultural landscapes. despite its complex role in the ecology of uk peatlands and moorlands, there has been a trend of simplifying the narrative around burning to present it as an only ecologically damaging practice. that fire modifies peatland characteristics at a range of scales is clearly understood. whether these changes are perceived as positive or negative depends upon how trade-offs are made between ecosystem services ... | 2016 | 27216512 |
| experimental evidence for drought induced alternative stable states of soil moisture. | ecosystems may exhibit alternative stable states (ass) in response to environmental change. modelling and observational data broadly support the theory of ass, however evidence from manipulation experiments supporting this theory is limited. here, we provide long-term manipulation and observation data supporting the existence of drought induced alternative stable soil moisture states (irreversible soil wetting) in upland atlantic heath, dominated by calluna vulgaris (l.) hull. manipulated repeat ... | 2016 | 26804897 |
| testate amoebae like it hot: species richness decreases along a subalpine-alpine altitudinal gradient in both natural calluna vulgaris litter and transplanted minuartia sedoides cushions. | most groups of higher organisms show a decrease in species richness toward high altitude, but the existence of such a pattern is debated for micro-eukaryotes. existing data are scarce and mostly confounded with the diversity of habitats that also decreases with elevation. in order to disentangle these two factors, one approach is to consider only similar types of habitats occurring across an elevational gradient. we assessed the diversity and community structure of testate amoebae in two specifi ... | 2016 | 26487438 |
| vegetation exerts a greater control on litter decomposition than climate warming in peatlands. | historically, slow decomposition rates have resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of carbon in northern peatlands. both climate warming and vegetation change can alter rates of decomposition, and hence affect rates of atmospheric co2 exchange, with consequences for climate change feedbacks. although warming and vegetation change are happening concurrently, little is known about their relative and interactive effects on decomposition processes. to test the effects of warming and vegetatio ... | 2015 | 26236896 |
| hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by the broom grass (calluna vulgaris). | hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp), is an inflammatory disease that represents one possible response of the interstitial and parenchymal tissue to the intensive and repeated inhalation of organic dusts or reactive chemicals substances. in this case report, for the first time in the literature as we know, acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a patient who working in broom grass manufacturing were presented. broom manufacturer employee 35 years old female patient was admitted with dyspnea, fever a ... | 2015 | 26236625 |
| combination of herbivore removal and nitrogen deposition increases upland carbon storage. | ecosystem carbon (c) accrual and storage can be enhanced by removing large herbivores as well as by the fertilizing effect of atmospheric nitrogen (n) deposition. these drivers are unlikely to operate independently, yet their combined effect on aboveground and belowground c storage remains largely unexplored. we sampled inside and outside 19 upland grazing exclosures, established for up to 80 years, across an n deposition gradient (5-24 kg n ha(-1) yr(-1) ) and found that herbivore removal incre ... | 2015 | 25930662 |
| [genetic and phenotypic differentiation of calluna vulgaris (l.) hull in pritobolie and europe]. | geographic variation and differentiation of the chloroplast dna haplotypes and morpho-anatomical leaf parameters were assessed in a number of eastern european groups of calluna vulgaris (l.)hull populations and in the pritobolien group of populations of this species in western siberia, which have long been isolated from the european populations. sharply pronounced genetic and phenotypic distances and their gradients between the pritobolien and european population groups were revealed. these dist ... | 2014 | 25735135 |
| contrasting growth responses of dominant peatland plants to warming and vegetation composition. | there is growing recognition that changes in vegetation composition can strongly influence peatland carbon cycling, with potential feedbacks to future climate. nevertheless, despite accelerated climate and vegetation change in this ecosystem, the growth responses of peatland plant species to combined warming and vegetation change are unknown. here, we used a field warming and vegetation removal experiment to test the hypothesis that dominant species from the three plant functional types present ... | 2015 | 25687830 |
| shrubs tracing sea surface temperature--calluna vulgaris on the faroe islands. | the climate of central and northern europe is highly influenced by the north atlantic ocean due to heat transfer from lower latitudes. detailed knowledge about spatio-temporal variability of sea surface temperature (sst) in that region is thus of high interest for climate and environmental research. because of the close relations between ocean and coastal climate and the climate sensitivity of plant growth, annual rings of woody plants in coastal regions might be used as a proxy for sst. we show ... | 2015 | 25620645 |
| "the usual suspects"- analysis of transcriptome sequences reveals deviating b gene activity in c. vulgaris bud bloomers. | the production of heather (calluna vulgaris) in germany is highly dependent on cultivars with mutated flower morphology, the so-called diplocalyx bud bloomers. so far, this unique flower type of c. vulgaris has not been reported in any other plant species. the flowers are characterised by an extremely extended flower attractiveness, since the flower buds remain closed throughout the complete flowering season. the flowers of c. vulgaris bud bloomers are male sterile, because the stamens are absen ... | 2015 | 25604890 |
| calluna vulgaris-dominated upland heathland sequesters more co₂ annually than grass-dominated upland heathland. | it has been shown in many habitats worldwide, that a shift in vegetation composition between woody shrub and graminoid dominance can influence carbon (c) cycling. due to land management practices and environmental change, uk upland heath vegetation has historically undergone shifts in dominance from the woody dwarf shrub calluna vulgaris (calluna) to species poor graminoid swards. the consequences of this for c sequestration are unknown. we compared annual net ecosystem exchange (nee) of carbon ... | 2015 | 25461077 |
| ice barriers promote supercooling and prevent frost injury in reproductive buds, flowers and fruits of alpine dwarf shrubs throughout the summer. | over-wintering reproductive buds of many woody plants survive frost by supercooling. the bud tissues are isolated from acropetally advancing ice by the presence of ice barriers that restrict ice growth. plants living in alpine environments also face the risk of ice formation in summer months. little knowledge exists, how reproductive structures of woody alpine plants are protected from frost injury during episodic summer frosts. in order to address this question, frost resistance of three common ... | 2014 | 25284910 |
| simulated climate change impact on summer dissolved organic carbon release from peat and surface vegetation: implications for drinking water treatment. | uncertainty regarding changes in dissolved organic carbon (doc) quantity and quality has created interest in managing peatlands for their ecosystem services such as drinking water provision. the evidence base for such interventions is, however, sometimes contradictory. we performed a laboratory climate manipulation using a factorial design on two dominant peatland vegetation types (calluna vulgaris and sphagnum spp.) and a peat soil collected from a drinking water catchment in exmoor national pa ... | 2014 | 25262551 |
| functional relationships with n deposition differ according to stand maturity in calluna-dominated heathland. | plant and soil bio(chemical) indicators are increasingly used to provide information on n deposition inputs and effects in a wide range of ecosystem types. however, many factors, including climate and site management history, have the potential to influence bioindicator relationships with n due to nutrient export and changing vegetation nutrient demands. we surveyed 33 heathlands in england, along a gradient of background n deposition (7.2-24.5 kg ha(-1) year(-1)), using calluna vulgaris growth ... | 2015 | 24845194 |
| in vitro studies on the mechanisms involved in chemoprevention using calluna vulgaris on vascular endothelial cells exposed to uvb. | the study aims to investigate the mechanisms involved in the in vitro effect of uvb on endothelial vascular cells (huvecs) pretreated with a photochemopreventive agent, the calluna vulgaris (cv) extract. two concentrations of cv, below the limit of cytotoxicity ic50 (2.5 and 7.5 μg gae/ml) and two doses of uvb (50 and 100 mj/cm(2)) were used. oxidative stress parameters were quantified at 1 h and 24 h after irradiation and apoptosis, dna damage and the induction/activation of nf-κb were evaluate ... | 2014 | 24844620 |
| diversity of fungi associated with hair roots of ericaceous plants is affected by land use. | culture-independent molecular studies have provided new insights into the diversity of fungi associating with ericaceous plant roots. however, there is little understanding of the distribution of these fungi across landscapes, or the effects of environmental heterogeneity on ericoid mycorrhizal (erm) fungal diversity and distribution. terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism and selective sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer regions of rdna were used to infer fungal dive ... | 2014 | 24741702 |
| flammability properties of british heathland and moorland vegetation: models for predicting fire ignition. | temperate ecosystems, for example british heathlands and moorlands, are predicted to experience an increase in severe summer drought and wildfire frequency over the next few decades. the development of fire ignition probability models is fundamental for developing fire-danger rating systems and predicting wildfire outbreaks. this work assessed the flammability properties of the fuel complex of british moorlands as a function of their moisture content under laboratory conditions. specifically, we ... | 2014 | 24681648 |
| management-driven evolution in a domesticated ecosystem. | millennia of human land-use have resulted in the widespread occurrence of what have been coined 'domesticated ecosystems'. the anthropogenic imprints on diversity, composition, structure and functioning of such systems are well documented. however, evolutionary consequences of human activities in these ecosystems are enigmatic. calluna vulgaris (l.) is a keystone species of coastal heathlands in northwest europe, an ancient semi-natural landscape of considerable conservation interest. like many ... | 2014 | 24522633 |
| morphological and molecular analyses of fungal endophytes of achlorophyllous gametophytes of diphasiastrum alpinum (lycopodiaceae). | to understand the early evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses, it is important to know the fungal partners of gametophytes and sporophytes for basal lineages of vascular plants. subterranean mycotrophic gametophytes of the clubmoss diphasiastrum alpinum found at three localities gave an opportunity to study their morphology and anatomy and to identify and describe their hitherto unknown fungal endophytes. in addition, sporophytes were screened for fungal partners. | 2013 | 24142907 |
| inertia in an ombrotrophic bog ecosystem in response to 9 years' realistic perturbation by wet deposition of nitrogen, separated by form. | wet deposition of nitrogen (n) occurs in oxidized (nitrate) and reduced (ammonium) forms. whether one form drives vegetation change more than the other is widely debated, as field evidence has been lacking. we are manipulating n form in wet deposition to an ombrotrophic bog, whim (scottish borders), and here report nine years of results. ammonium and nitrate were provided in rainwater spray as nh4 cl or nano3 at 8, 24 or 56 kg n ha(-1) yr(-1) , plus a rainwater only control, via an automated sy ... | 2014 | 24038771 |
| aflp-based genetic mapping of the "bud-flowering" trait in heather (calluna vulgaris). | calluna vulgaris is one of the most important landscaping plants produced in germany. its enormous economic success is due to the prolonged flower attractiveness of mutants in flower morphology, the so-called bud-bloomers. in this study, we present the first genetic linkage map of c. vulgaris in which we mapped a locus of the economically highly desired trait "flower type". | 2013 | 23915059 |
| conditional cold avoidance drives between-population variation in germination behaviour in calluna vulgaris. | across their range, widely distributed species are exposed to a variety of climatic and other environmental conditions, and accordingly may display variation in life history strategies. for seed germination in cold climates, two contrasting responses to variation in winter temperature have been documented: first, an increased ability to germinate at low temperatures (cold tolerance) as winter temperatures decrease, and secondly a reduced ability to germinate at low temperatures (cold avoidance) ... | 2013 | 23884396 |
| the legacy of nitrogen pollution in heather moorlands: ecosystem response to simulated decline in nitrogen deposition over seven years. | eutrophication and acidification of heather moorlands by chronic atmospheric nitrogen (n) pollution, is of major concern within these internationally important ecosystems. however, in the uk and western europe generally emissions of no(y) and nh(x) peaked during the 20th century. due to the history and scale of atmospheric n pollution, the legacy of these high levels of n deposition, through accumulation in soil, may hinder or prevent ecosystem recovery. effects of n pollution on heather moorlan ... | 2013 | 23262328 |
| triterpenoid profile of flower and leaf cuticular waxes of heather calluna vulgaris. | analysis of the main triterpenoid profile of chloroform-soluble cuticular waxes of heather flowers and leaves by gc-ms revealed the following composition: five triterpene acids - betulinic, oleanolic, ursolic, 3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic and 3-oxo-ursan-12-en-28-oic; eight monohydroxyalcohols - α-amyrin, β-amyrin, cycloartanol, 24-methylenecycloartanol, friedelinol, germanicol, lupeol and taraxasterol; three dihydroxyalcohols - betulin, erythrodiol and uvaol; two aldehydes - oleanolic and ursolic; ... | 2013 | 23148482 |
| soil acidification occurs under ambient conditions but is retarded by repeated drought: results of a field-scale climate manipulation experiment. | acid atmospheric emissions within europe and north america have decreased strongly since 1985 and most recent acidification studies have focused on the changes occurring within ecosystems as a result of this decreased deposition. this current study documents a soil acidification trend under ambient n deposition conditions over a 13 year period, suggesting that acidification continues to be a process of concern at this calluna vulgaris dominated heathland with an acidic sandy soil. the annual man ... | 2012 | 23103759 |
| accumulation and transfer of 137cs and 90sr in the plants of the forest ecosystem near the ignalina nuclear power plant. | the radioecological state of the forest ecosystem in the vicinity of the ignalina power plant prior to decommissioning was analysed with specific emphasis on (137)cs and (90)sr activity concentrations in plant species growing in two reference sampling sites (tilze and grikiniskes). in the period of 1996-2008 the mean contamination of plants with (137)cs was from 45 to 119 bq/kg and with (90)sr - from 3 to 42 bq/kg. measured (137)cs tf values for soil-root transfer mainly ranged between 1.0-1.4, ... | 2013 | 23085187 |
| calluna vulgaris extract modulates nf-κb/erk signaling pathway and matrix metalloproteinase expression in skh-1 hairless mice skin exposed to ultraviolet b irradiation. | photochemoprevention with natural products represents a new concept in the attempt to reduce the occurrence of skin cancer. however, the molecular mechanisms caused by ultraviolet light exposure remain still unclear. the aim of the study was to assess the mechanisms involved in the action of a calluna vulgaris (cv) extract, administered in single or multiple doses (10 consecutive days), on uvb-induced skin damage in skh-1 hairless mice. the extract was topically applied 30 min before each uvb ex ... | 2012 | 23070092 |
| long-term nitrogen additions increase likelihood of climate stress and affect recovery from wildfire in a lowland heath. | increases in the emissions and associated atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (n) have the potential to cause significant changes to the structure and function of n-limited ecosystems. here, we present the results of a long-term (13 year) experiment assessing the impacts of n addition (30 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) ) on a uk lowland heathland under a wide range of environmental conditions, including the occurrence of prolonged natural drought episodes and a severe summer fire. our findings indicate that e ... | 2012 | 24501060 |