| [tinnitus treated with combined traditional chinese medicine and western medicine]. | cases of annoying tinnitus were selected for this observation. they were examined by general physical examination, otoscopy and some of them by audiometry and tinnitus masking patterns test, and/or ecoch g and bser. two groups, tcm-wm and controls, were designed with patient's sexes, ages, severity of tinnitus almost evenly distributed. different kinds of medicines were given to the patients of 2 groups with single blind trial. for the controls, only western medicines such as valium, nicotinic a ... | 1989 | 2766421 |
| inhibition by guan-mu-tong (caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) of the growth of spontaneous mammary tumors in shn virgin mice. | multiparous shn mice with spontaneous mammary tumors (5-10 mm in size) were given water extract of guan-mu-tong (gmt; caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) (0.5%) ad libitum as drinking water for 10 days. this treatment retarded significantly the growth of mammary tumors compared with the controls. by contrast, normal mammary gland growth, histology of adrenals and ovaries, and body weight were affected little by the gmt treatment. gmt appears to be the first agent inhibiting the growth of spontan ... | 1994 | 7888701 |
| [geobotanical studies on the island of tanegashima (affinity of world property island yakushima)]. | a list was drawn up of wild plants growing on tanegashiama island that were identified in our field work, and the list was compared with the flora of the rest of japan and the flora of taiwan. there were 166 families and 1,218 species consisting of 23 families and 159 species of pteridophyta, 4 families and 7 species of gymnosperma, 113 families and 700 species of the dicotyledous angiosperma, and 26 families and 353 species of monocotyledous angiosperma. there are 229 families and 5,500 species ... | 1999 | 10859935 |
| [studies on the medicinal plant in the "sambutsu-cho" of higo province possessed by the kumamoto clan (ii): on the medicina herbs]. | in the previous report, i studied the medicinal trees contained in the sambutsu-cho of the kumamoto clan in higo province. in this report, i studied the medicinal herbs contained in the same book. there were 439 names in the herbal part. i identified 214 species and found 129 species as the medicinal plants. the ratio of the medicinal plants was 60%. the famous medicinal plants were as follows: atractilodes japonica, platycodon grandiflorum, prunella vulgaris var. lilacina, pharbitis nil, cnidiu ... | 1993 | 11639722 |
| the nephrotoxicity of aristolochia manshuriensis in rats is attributable to its aristolochic acids. | although aristolochia manshuriensis (am), which was incriminated in the japanese variety of chinese herbs nephropathy, has been recently shown to be nephrotoxic in rats, less is known about whether this toxicity is attributable to its aristolochic acids (aa). we compared the renal effect of am with that of akebia quinata (aq), which has similar components to am but is free of aa; we also compared this effect of am with that of pure aa, and studied its possible mechanism. | 2003 | 14586714 |
| chemopreventive effect of five drugs on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by an aristolochic acid-containing chinese herb in rats. | this study focuses on the chemopreventive effect of five drugs on renal interstitial fibrosis induced by an aristolochic acid-containing chinese herb mu-tong. | 2005 | 15677859 |
| antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the saponin and sapogenins obtained from the stem of akebia quinata. | the stem of akebia quinata decasisne (lardizabalaceae) has been used to treat urinary tract inflammatory disease. it has been reported that saponins in medicinal plants may act as bioactive components after biodegradation to sapogenins in the gastrointestinal tract. to find the active components, we obtained the methanol (meoh) extract from a. quinata stems and fractionated this extract into chcl(3), butanol (buoh), and h(2)o fractions. a saponin-containing buoh fraction was refluxed in an acidi ... | 2005 | 15857214 |
| triterpene glycosides from the stems of akebia quinata. | the stems of akebia quinata have been analyzed for their triterpene glycoside constituents, resulting in the isolation of six new triterpene glycosides, along with 19 known ones. on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 2d nmr data, and chemical evidence, the structures of the new compounds were deter-mined to be 3beta-[(o-beta-d-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]olean-12-en-28-oic acid o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-bet ... | 2007 | 17827755 |
| comparative 28-day repeated oral toxicity of longdan xieganwan, akebia trifoliate (thunb.) koidz., akebia quinata (thunb.) decne. and caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis in mice. | longdan xieganwan, which contains aristolochia species, is a traditional chinese prescription. it has been used for thousands of years to "enhance liver". however, many cases of longdan xieganwan induced nephropathy were reported recently. | 2008 | 18582552 |
| increased risks of chronic kidney disease associated with prescribed chinese herbal products suspected to contain aristolochic acid. | nephropathy associated with aristolochic acid (aa) has been documented by human and animal studies. ancient chinese herbology claimed to reduce toxicity in their mixtures. it was the objective of this study to determine the risk of chronic kidney disease (ckd) associated with aa-related chinese herbal products (chp) or mixtures of herbs in a national cohort. | 2009 | 19076288 |
| difference of its sequences of akebia plants growing in various parts of japan. | the stem of the akebia plant, "mokutsu", is a crude diuretic and antiphlogistic drug. japanese products prepared from wild akebia plants cover most of the mokutsu market. two akebia plants, akebia quinata decaisne (aq) and a. trifoliata koidzumi (at) of lardizabalaceae, are standardized as mokutsu in japanese pharmacopoeia. these two akebia plants along with a. x pentaphylla makino (ap), which is considered a hybrid with the morphology of aq and at, can be distinguished by dna sequence analysis ... | 2009 | 19277830 |
| molecular characterization of akebia plants and the derived traditional herbal medicine. | the stems of akebia plants, akebiae caulis, have long been used in traditional chinese and japanese medicines, and are mainly produced in western japan. three akebia plants, akebia quinata (aq), a. trifoliata (at), and a. pentaphylla (ap) grow wild in japan. with the aim of carrying out molecular biological identification of akebia plant species and discriminating akebiae caulis from other related crude drugs originating from non-akebia plants, sequencing analysis of akebia plants collected from ... | 2009 | 19336902 |
| [the study of the constituents of clematis and akebia spp. ii. on the saponins isolated from the stem of akebia quinata decne. (1) (author's transl)]. | | 2016 | 4859167 |
| protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b inhibitors from the stems of akebia quinata. | ptp1b deficiency in mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv)-neunt transgenic mice inhibited the onset of mmtv-neunt-evoked breast cancer, while its overexpression was observed in breast cancer. thus, ptp1b inhibitors are considered chemopreventative agents for breast cancer. as part of our program to find ptp1b inhibitors, one new diterpene glycoside (1) and 13 known compounds (2-14) were isolated from the methanol extract of the stems of akebia quinata. all isolates were identified based on extensive ... | 2016 | 27548130 |
| chinese vegetative materia medica in a venereological treatise by jean astruc from 1740. | historical medical sources can be still queried for forgotten cures and remedies. traditional chinese medicine has dealt with lues venerea (syphilis) since the five dynasties period (10th century). chinese indigenous materia medica and remedies recorded, studied or imported by the europeans can reveal known or quite unknown medicinal plants. the studied jean astruc's work is a published ethnopharmacological survey carried out in beijing in the 1730s and it deserves a modern interpretation. | 2016 | 27132716 |
| [peritubular capillary injury in chinese herb guan-mu-tong-induced acute tubular necrosis]. | to explore the role and mechanisms of peritubular capillary (ptc) injury in the progression of chinese herb guan-mu-tong (gmt, aristolochiae manshuriensis kom) induced acute tubular necrosis (gmt-atn). | 2005 | 16080847 |
| native fruit tree genetic resources in japan. | the diversity of climate, from subarctic to subtropical, and the complex geological history of japan have produced a rich biodiversity. the flora includes several hundred species of native woody plants with edible fleshy fruits or nuts. people have eaten them from prehistoric times until about a half century ago. in hokkaidō and the ryūkyū islands nut species had an important role in the diet, but fleshy fruits were also eaten until recently. only castanea crenata and a few minor species became ... | 0 | 27069393 |
| antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of akebia quinata extracts in an in vitro model of acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. | this study investigated the effects of akebia quinata (aq) leaf and fruit extract on acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in aml12 cells. different concentrations of aq extracts (250 and 2500 μg/ml) were used to treat the aml12 cells with or without ethanol for 24 h for inducing acute alcohol cytotoxicity. aq extract-treated aml12 cells showed enhanced expression of gsh-synthesizing enzymes and suppressed expression of oxidative stress makers such as nox4, and decreased expression of tumor necro ... | 2017 | 28816585 |
| kidney toxicity related to herbs and dietary supplements: online table of case reports. part 3 of 5 series. | no tabular summary of potentially life-threatening, kidney-toxic dietary supplements (ds; includes herbs) based on pubmed case reports is currently available online and continually updated to forewarn united states consumers, clinicians, and companies manufacturing ds. the purpose of this review was to create an online research summary table of kidney toxicity case reports related to ds. | 2017 | 28755953 |
| hederagenin supplementation alleviates the pro-inflammatory and apoptotic response to alcohol in rats. | in this study, we determined the effects of hederagenin isolated from akebia quinata fruit on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. specifically, we investigated the hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of hederagenin, as well as the role of akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) signaling pathways in ethanol-induced liver injury. experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups: normal (sham), 25% ethanol, and 25% ethanol + hederagenin (50 mg/kg ... | 2017 | 28067819 |
| direct analysis of prostaglandin-e2 and -d2 produced in an inflammatory cell reaction and its application for activity screening and potency evaluation using turbulent flow chromatography liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. | direct analysis of prostaglandin-e2 (pge2) and -d2 (pgd2) produced from a raw264.7 cell-based reaction was performed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (lc-hrms), which was online coupled with turbulent flow chromatography (tfc). the capability of this method to accurately measure pg levels in cell reaction medium containing cytokines or proteins as a reaction byproduct was cross-validated by two conventional methods. two methods, including an lc-hrms method after liquid- ... | 2016 | 27524299 |
| rapid identification of officinal akebiae caulis and its toxic adulterant aristolochiae manshuriensis caulis (aristolochia manshuriensis) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | mu-tong (akebiae caulis) is a traditional chinese medicine commonly used as a diuretic and antiphlogistic. a common adulterant of mu-tong is guan-mu-tong (aristolochiae manshuriensis caulis), which is derived from the stem of aristolochia manshuriensis komarov, and contains carcinogenic aristolochic acids. we used an alternative technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), to differentiate mu-tong from guan-mu-tong because lamp is quick, highly sensitive, and specific. we designed a ... | 2016 | 27379153 |
| effect of beverage containing fermented akebia quinata extracts on alcoholic hangover. | the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of beverages containing fermented akebia quinata extracts on alcoholic hangover. for this study, 25 healthy young men were recruited. all participants consumed 100 ml of water (placebo), commercial hangover beverage a or b, fermented a. quinata leaf (aql) or fruit (aqf) extract before alcohol consumption. after 1 h, all participants consumed a bottle of soju, korean distilled liquor (360 ml), containing 20% alcohol. blood was collected a ... | 2016 | 27069900 |
| ameliorating effect of akebia quinata fruit extracts on skin aging induced by advanced glycation end products. | the accumulation of free radicals and advanced glycation end products (ages) in the skin plays a very important role in skin aging. both are known to interact with each other. therefore, natural compounds or extracts that possess both antioxidant and antiglycation activities might have great antiageing potential. akebia quinata fruit extract (aqfe) has been used to treat urinary tract inflammatory disease in traditional korean and chinese medicines. in the present study, aqfe was demonstrated to ... | 2015 | 26569300 |
| identification and characterization of the major chemical constituents in fructus akebiae by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | fructus akebiae (fa), the dry fruit of akebia quinata (thunb.) decne., possesses potent antidepressant properties. owing to the structural complexity, high polarity and thermal lability in plants, it is difficult and time-consuming to analyze the major chemical constituents by traditional strategies that involve extraction, isolation, purification and identification by chemical manipulations and spectroscopic methods. in this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrosp ... | 2016 | 26311648 |
| its2 secondary structure improves discrimination between medicinal "mu tong" species when using dna barcoding. | dna barcoding is a promising species identification method, but it has proved difficult to find a standardized dna marker in plant. although the its/its2 rna transcript has been proposed as the core barcode for seed plants, it has been criticized for being too conserved in some species to provide enough information or too variable in some species to align it within the different taxa ranks. we selected 30 individuals, representing 16 species and four families, to explore whether its2 can success ... | 2015 | 26132382 |
| akebia quinata extract exerts anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects in high-fat diet-fed mice and 3t3-l1 adipocytes. | the dry ripe fruit of the akebia quinata (a. quinata) plant is used as an analgesic, an antiphlogistic, and a diuretic in traditional medicine. a. quinata has also been used in korea as a crude drug for treating obesity. the aim of the study was to determine the anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of a. quinata extract (aqe) in mice consuming a high-fat diet and in 3t3-l1 adipocytes. | 2015 | 25835369 |
| increased risk of urinary tract cancer in esrd patients associated with usage of chinese herbal products suspected of containing aristolochic acid. | both end-stage renal disease (esrd) and urothelial cancer (uc) are associated with the consumption of chinese herbal products containing aristolochic acid (aa) by the general population. the objective of this study was to determine the risk of uc associated with aa-related chinese herbal products among esrd patients. | 2014 | 25170766 |
| a new megastigmane glycoside from akebia quinata. | a new megastigmane glycoside, 8s*,9r*-megastigman-3-one-4,6-diene-8,9-diol-9-o-β-d-glucopyranoside, named akequintoside d (1), as well as six known compounds, roseoside ii (2), 3-o-caffeoylquinic acid (3), methyl-3-o-caffeoylquinate (4), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), cuneataside d (6), 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-6-o-(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (7) were isolated from the stem of akebia quinata. the structures of compounds (1-7) were identified based on 1d and 2d nmr, incl ... | 2015 | 24687258 |
| lignans from the stems of clematis armandii ("chuan-mu-tong") and their anti-neuroinflammatory activities. | the dried stems of clematis armandii (caulis clematidis armandii), named "chuan-mu-tong" in chinese pharmacopoeia, have been traditionally used as an herbal remedy mainly for inflammation-associated diseases. the aim of the study is to identify the potential anti-neuroinflammatory components from clematis armandii. | 2014 | 24661966 |
| three new lignan glycosides with il-6 inhibitory activity from akebia quinata. | three new lignan glycosides, akeqintoside a [(7s,8s)-7,8-dihydro-8-hydroxymethyl-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1'-benzofuranpropanol 2'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside] (1), akeqintoside b [(7r,8r)-7,8-dihydro-8-hydroxymethyl-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1'-(9'-methoxy-7'-propenyl) benzofuran 2'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside] (2), and akequintoside c [7r*,8r*-dihydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-glycerol 9-o-β-d-(6'-o-caffeoyl)-glucopyranoside] (3) were isolated from akebia quinata along with five known compo ... | 2014 | 24583784 |
| [aflp analysis of three species from akebia genus]. | to establish the dna fingerprints of three species from akebia genus markers and find the feasibility in analyzing their genetic diversity, relationship and germplasm identification by amplified fragment length polymorphsm (aflp). | 2013 | 24558820 |
| observational studies on evaluating the safety and adverse effects of traditional chinese medicine. | background. this study aims to share our experiences when carrying out observational studies of traditional chinese medicine (tcm). methods. we have proactively monitored the safety profiles of duhuo jisheng tang (djt), suan zao ren tang (szrt), and tmn-1. a list of adverse events (aes), complete blood counts, and liver and kidney function tests were obtained from the participants during their scheduled hospital visits. retrospective observational studies were conducted based on the reimbursemen ... | 2013 | 24159351 |
| inhibitory effects of akebia quinata ethanol extract on tnf-α-mediated vascular inflammation in human aortic smooth muscle cells. | atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. the expression of adhesion molecules in aortic smooth muscle cells facilitates the accumulation of transmigrated leukocytes within the atherosclerotic vascular wall. the stem of akebia quinata (a. quinata) has previously been used as a crude drug for treating urinary disorders and inflammatory disease in korea, china and japan. in the present study, we investigated the effect of an a. quinata ethanol extract (aqee) on the ex ... | 2013 | 23175425 |
| inhibition of the interactions between eosinophil cationic protein and airway epithelial cells by traditional chinese herbs. | the eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) is cytotoxic to bacteria, viruses, parasites and mammalian cells. cells are damaged via processes of pore formation, permeability alteration and membrane leaking. some clinical studies indicate that ecp gathers in the bronchial tract of asthma sufferers, damages bronchial and airway epithelial cells, and leads to in breathing tract inflammation; therefore, prevention of the cytotoxicity caused by ecp may serve as an approach to treat airway inflammation. to ... | 2010 | 20840735 |
| risks of kidney failure associated with consumption of herbal products containing mu tong or fangchi: a population-based case-control study. | taiwan has a remarkably high incidence of end-stage renal disease (esrd). the objective of this study is to determine the association between prescribed herbal products containing aristolochic acid and esrd. | 2010 | 20116155 |
| population-based case-control study of chinese herbal products containing aristolochic acid and urinary tract cancer risk. | consumption of chinese herbs that contain aristolochic acid (eg, mu tong) has been associated with an increased risk of urinary tract cancer. | 2010 | 20026811 |
| constituents of essential oil from the dried fruits and stems of akebia quinata (thunb.) decne. | the compositions of the essential oil from akebiae fructus and akebiae caulis, the dried fruits and stems of akebia quinata (thunb.) decne. (lardizabalaceae), have been investigated by gc and gc/ms. as a result, the fruits oil was revealed the presence of 86 components, representing 98.4% of the total oil. the major compounds of the fruits oil were limonene, eugenol, octanal and p-cymene. the monoterpenoids and saturated short-chain aldehyde (c6 approximately c10) were main volatile fractions of ... | 2007 | 17898464 |
| enforcement of the ban on aristolochic acids in chinese traditional herbal preparations on the dutch market. | in traditional chinese medicine several aristolochia species are used. aristolochia spp. contain a mixture of aristolochic acids (aas), mainly aa i and aa ii which are nephrotoxicants and carcinogens. after aa-related nephropathy (aan) and urothelial cancer were described in female patients in belgium following intake of aa-contaminated herbal preparations, herbs with aas were prohibited worldwide. confusing nomenclature can cause aa contamination of certain chinese traditional herbal preparatio ... | 2007 | 17486320 |
| complexities of the herbal nomenclature system in traditional chinese medicine (tcm): lessons learned from the misuse of aristolochia-related species and the importance of the pharmaceutical name during botanical drug product development. | herbs used in traditional chinese medicine (tcm) have diverse cultural/historical backgrounds and are described based on complex nomenclature systems. using the family aristolochiaceae as an example, at least three categories of nomenclature could be identified: (1) one-to-one (one plant part from one species): the herb guan mutong refers to the root of aristolochia manshuriensis; (2) multiple-to-one (multiple plant parts from the same species serve as different herbs): three herbs, madouling, q ... | 2007 | 16863692 |
| [study on sterols and triterpenes from the stems of akebia quinata]. | the ethanol extract from akebia quinata was seperated by dichloromethane, n-butanol in sequence. six compounds were isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol (i), delta(5,22) stigmasterol (ii), oleanolic acid (iii), hederagenin (iv), daucosterol (v), delta(5,22) stigmasterol-3-o-beta-d-glycopyranoside (vi). compound vi was isolated from akebia plants for the first time. | 2005 | 16568660 |
| genetical identification of akebia and aristolochia species by using pyrosequencing. | this study was performed to determine if akebia and aristolochia species (akebia quinata decaisne and aristolochia manshuriensis kom.) could be identified by genetic analysis of pyrosequencing method, which is used to assess genetic variation. the pyrosequencing results of akebia and aristolochia species showed different patterns. the pyrosequencing analysis of a. quinata decaisne was very different compared with that of a. manshuriensis kom. pyrosequencing analyses might be able to identify the ... | 2005 | 16112220 |
| gene flow and spatio-temporal genetic variation among sympatric populations of tetranychus kanzawai (acari: tetranychidae) occurring on different host plants, as estimated by microsatellite gene diversity. | we investigated spatio-temporal genetic variation in allele frequency and estimated gene flow among sympatric populations of tetranychus kanzawai on different host plants by the use of microsatellite markers. in the analysis of spatial genetic variation, no isolation by distance was detected among the populations. gene flow between populations on hydrangea macrophylla and those on other host plants was relatively restricted, whereas the populations on akebia quinata and clerodendrum trichotomum ... | 2005 | 15777001 |
| structure-activity relationship of oleanane disaccharides isolated from akebia quinata versus cytotoxicity against cancer cells and no inhibition. | in order to further determine the nature of structure-activity relationship on the cytotoxicities of saponins with 1-->2 and 1-->3 linkages of disaccharides, we isolated guaianin n, collinsonidin, kalopanaxsaponin a and hederoside d(2) as disaccharides, and patrinia glycoside b-ii as a trisaccharide, from the n-buoh extract of akebia quinata (lardizabalaceae). complete acid hydrolysis of the extract afforded oleanolic acid (1) and hederagenin (2). by sulforhodamine b (srb) assay, kalopanaxsaponi ... | 2004 | 15133259 |
| triterpenes and triterpene saponins from the stems of akebia trifoliata. | to characterize the stems of akebia trifoliata chemically, a detailed phytochemical examination was carried out on a. trifoliata stems, with particular attention to the triterpene and triterpene saponin constituents, and resulted in the isolation of three new triterpenes (1-3) and three new triterpene saponins (11-13), together with seven known triterpenes (4-10) and 12 known triterpene saponins (14-25). the structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, ... | 2003 | 12913236 |
| toxicity of the chinese herb mu tong (aristolochia manshuriensis). what history tells us. | plant sources of some traditional chinese herbs may have changed over time. history records of herbal toxicity should be viewed critically when different plants might have been used under the same name in earlier eras. the current main source of the chinese herb mu tong is aristolochia manshuriensis. examination of classical chinese herbal literature revealed that until the mid 17th century the original source plants of mu tong had been several akebia species. from the 17th century until the ear ... | 2002 | 12503251 |
| [an analysis of the clinical and pathological characteristics of mu-tong (a chinese herb) induced tubulointerstitial nephropathy]. | to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of mutong (a chinese herb, caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) induced tubulointerstitial nephropathy (mt-tin), and analyze the related to renal function decline and clinical prognosis. | 2001 | 11769723 |
| effects of guan-mu-tong (caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) in combination with other natural products on normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth in mice. | the effects of combined treatment with guan-mu-tong (gmt: caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) and other major components of shi-liu-wei-liu-qi-yin (slwlqy), a chinese herbal medicine prescribed for breast diseases, on normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth were investigated. shn virgin mice were divided into 6 groups at 3 months of age and treated with the samples in drinking water as shown in table 2 for 8 weeks. each sample was extracted repeatedly with hot water, dried in vacuo and dis ... | 1997 | 9167000 |
| effects of aristoloside, a component of guan-mu-tong (caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis), on normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth in mice. | aristoloside, an extract of guan-mu-tong (gmt; caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) showing a marked anticancer potential, was dissolved with tap water (0.05%) and given to 4 month-old shn mice for 30 days as drinking water. the treatment induced the inhibition of preneoplastic mammary gland growth and the stimulation of the excretion of urinary component. ovarian follicles were dominant and the oestrous stage was elongated by the treatment. aristoloside had little affect on normal mammary gland ... | 2006 | 9066658 |
| improvement by guan-mu-tong (caulis aristolochiae manshuriensis) of lactation in mice. | free access of 0.5% guan-mu-tong (gmt) as drinking water inhibited lactation of mice estimated by pup growth rate, which was associated with a decrease in rna content and rna/dna ratio in the mammary glands. 0.05% gmt improved pup growth rate and mammary dna content. no pups were lost during the experiment. similar results were obtained by 0.5% xia-ru-yong-quan-tang (xryqt), a chinese herbal medicine, which contained 0.05% gmt. xryqt further prevented a decline in ovarian weight seen by 0.05% gm ... | 1995 | 7572777 |