| rhodnius prolixus and its symbiotic actinomycete: a microbiological, physiological and behavioural study. | | 1976 | 12514 |
| observations on the feeding and defecation patterns of three triatomine species (hemiptera: reduviidae). | a comparative laboratory study of feeding and defecation behavior of three species of tritomines (rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and t. dimidiata) indicated evident differences among the species and among the different stages of same species. time required for a full blood meal was related to the size of the specimen. insects required an average of 11-28 min for engorgement although some finished within 10 min. t. dimidata frequently interrupted the act of feeding, a probable explanation ... | 1977 | 16468 |
| comparison of infectivity of trypanosoma cruzi blood stream trypomastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes from rhodnius prolixus. | four strains of trypanosoma cruzi (y, bg, m and peru) retain their ability to infect rhodnius prolixus and to produce virulent infections in mice for from 12 to 39 years. about 60 or more metacyclic trypomastigotes were consistently lethal to mice. the mean number of metacyclics per bug ranged from 1.2 to 17.3 x 10(3). comparative studies of virulence of metacyclics and blood trypomastigotes showed the blood forms to be slightly more virulent. the route of injection was shown to be more signific ... | 1977 | 16470 |
| domiciliary biting frequency and blood ingestion of the chagas's disease vector rhodnius prolixus ståhl (hemiptera: reduviidae), in venezuela. | demolition of a rural house in the state of cojedes, venezuela, provided a collection of 7.934 rhodnius prolixus of which a random sample of 1,415 was weighed within 48 hours. the field weights, coupled with laboratory information of weight loss (in %) with time, average blood ingestion and meal size sufficient to promote moulting, were used to estimate biting rate under domiciliary conditions. the results show that in this particularly highly infested house, the r. prolixus population bites, on ... | 1979 | 112731 |
| a comparison of challenge with trypanosoma cruzi blood-stream trypomastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes from rhodnius prolixus in mice immunized with killed antigens. | groups of cd-1 mice were immunized with vaccines prepared from freeze-thawed or ultra-sonicated epimastigotes, blood trypomastigotes, or "plasma antigen", of trypanosoma cruzi strains y, m1 and tulahuen. the mice were challenged by the injection of blood stream trypomastigotes obtained from mice, or of metacyclic trypomastigotes harvested from the rectum of rhodnius prolixus. both challenges induced virulent infections in control mice. blood-stream trypomastigotes killed mice more rapidly than t ... | 1979 | 122124 |
| influence of the stage of infection of trypanosoma cruzi in guinea-pigs on infectivity to rhodnius prolixus. | | 1977 | 322624 |
| assembly pheromone of triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus nymphs (hemiptera: reduviidae). | | 1977 | 328883 |
| [effect of parasite density of ooencyrtus trinidadensis (chalcidoidea, encyrtidae), an endophagus parasite of eggs of rhodnius prolixus, vector of chagas' disease in venezuela]. | | 1977 | 331437 |
| a comparative study of the behavior of venezuelan and brazilian strains of trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi in the venezuelan invertebrate host (rhodnius prolixus). | | 1977 | 339313 |
| the number of trypomastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi, required to infect rhodnius prolixus. | | 1977 | 341267 |
| a microhymenopteran parasite of eggs of psammolestes arthuri (hemiptera: reduviidae) and observations of experimental parasitism of eggs of rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae). | | 1978 | 344883 |
| insect axopods. | using the elctron microscope we have found axopods, a cell organelle previously undescribed in multicellular animals, in the lower malpighian tubule of the insect. rhodnius prolixus. the axopods, which are 0.2 to 0.8 micrometer in diameter and 10 or more micrometer in length, derive from the luminal surface of the tubule and contain an array of 1 to about 46 microtubules each. these microtubules arise within the cell near the cell junctions or near clumps of mitochondria. uric acid crystals whic ... | 1979 | 370127 |
| diuresis from left atrial receptors: effect of plasma on the secretion of the malpighian tubules of rhodnius prolixus. | 1. stimulation of left atrial receptors by distension of a balloon in the lumen of the left atrium of anaesthetized dogs was shown to result in an increase in urine flow. plasma samples obtained from these dogs during control periods and during periods of stimulation were applied to the malpighian tubules of rhodnius prolixus. 2. it was found that the tubules suspended in test plasma secreted at a significantly lower rate than those suspended in control plasma. 3. these differences were also evi ... | 1979 | 383951 |
| larval competition between telenomus costalimai (hymenoptera: scelionidae) and ooencyrtus trinidadensis venatorius (hymenoptera: encyrtidae) after simultaneous oviposition in rhodnius prolixus eggs (hemiptera: reduviidae). | | 1979 | 396374 |
| evidence of microfilament-associated mitochondrial movement. | the mitochondria in the lower malpighian tubule of the insect rhodnius prolixus can be stimulated by feeding in vivo and by 5-hydroxytryptamine in vitro, to move from a position below the cell cortex to one inside the apical microvilli. during and following their movement into the microvilli, the mitochondria are intimately associated with the microfilaments of the cell cortex and microvillar core bundle. bridges approximately 14 nm in length and 4 nm in diameter are observed connecting the micr ... | 1979 | 397369 |
| comparative xenodiagnosis with three triatomine species of different hosts with natural and experimental chronic infections with trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi. | simultaneous xenodiagnosis was made of 29 patients with chronic chagas's disease, six naturally infected opossums (didelphis azarae) and of a rhesus monkey with an experimental chronic infection with trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi (peru strain). patients and opossums were from an endemic area in the state of bahia, brazil, where panstrongylus megistus is the sole domiciliary vector of the disease to man. various instars of p. megistus triatoma infestans and rhodnius prolixus were used. the p ... | 1978 | 416525 |
| [spontaneous infection of marmoset-monkeys (sanguinus oedipus) with a trypanosoma cruzi-like-strain, springer 1975. isolation and identification (author's transl)]. | a trypanosoma cruzi-like strain was isolated from marmoset monkeys originating from columbia. the frequency of affected monkeys was up to 32.7%. the parasite density was 10-40 trypomastigote forms per mililiter. monkeys, rats, mice and other small rodentia were found to be susceptible. clinical symptoms or histopathological findings could not be acertained with these trypanosomes even after a 2 1/2 year observation period. the strain behaved as an apathogen in experimental animals. the parasitae ... | 1977 | 416623 |
| triatomines as experimental vectors of trypanosomes of asian monkeys. | systematic surveys of the wild macaques of south asia by blood culture resulted in the discovery that trypanosomiasis is enzootic in the simians of indonesia, malaysia, india, and thailand. the isolates obtained differ in morphology, metabolism, and ability to multiply in arthropods. following this discovery, interest focused on possible transmissions of these trypanosomiases. laboratory-reared and wild-caught insects were studied to determine which are satisfactory intermediate hosts and potent ... | 1978 | 417639 |
| hematophagous insects as vectors for frog trypanosomes. | experimental infections of three hematophagous arthropods (rhodnius prolixus, aedes aegypti, and culex pipiens) with a trypanosome of the trypanosoma rotatorium complex found in the frogs hyla crepitans and leptodactylus insularum revealed that a. aegypti is a good host for the flagellate; the course of development in the intestinal tract of the mosquito is described from 15 minutes to 168 hours. c. pipiens showed only low intestinal infections and r. prolixus did not permit development of the p ... | 1977 | 615322 |
| [demonstration of an enzyme inhibiting coagulation of blood ingested by the blood-sucking insect, rhodnius prolixus (heteroptera, reduviidae)]. | a new fibrinolytic enzyme, "the prolixase", was isolated and purified from the haemolymph of rhodnius prolixus. the mode of action of the enzyme was studied and compared to that of extracts from salivary glands and midgut of the insect. it appears that the prolixase is involved in inhibiting the coagulation of the blood ingested by rhodnius during its blood meal. the mode of action of the enzyme in this phenomenon is discussed. | 1978 | 747454 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: effects of rhodnius prolixus extracts on in vitro development. | | 1976 | 775590 |
| chagas' disease in el salvador. | several studies on chagas' disease in el salvador have supplied important epidemiologic information, including the following: (1) rates of house infestation by triatomid vectors have ranged from 26.3 per cent to 100 per cent in various localities studied, higher rates being found in rural than in urban areas. (2) triatoma dimidiata and rhodnius prolixus are the two vectors of t. cruzi in el salvador, with t. dimidiata predominating in localities at elevations above 600 meters and r. prolixus in ... | 1975 | 808244 |
| a comparison of rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus in the xenodiagnosis of a chronic trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi infection in a rhesus monkey (macaca mullatta). | fifth instar rhodnius prolixus, triatoma infestans and panstrongylus megistus were fed on a rhesus monkey (macaca mullatta) with a chronic infection of peru strain trypanosoma cruzi and examined 30 days later for the presence of trypanosomes in the rectum. no correlation could be demonstrated between either blood meal size or sex and the subsequent development of a rectal infection with t. cruzi. as t. infestans and p. megistus were more highly infected than r. prolixus in terms of both percenta ... | 1975 | 814658 |
| inheritance of susceptibility of trypanosoma cruzi infection in rhodnius prolixus. | | 1976 | 819845 |
| [wild reservoirs and vectors of cruzi. lx. attempts to cross rhodnius prolixus stal, 1859 and rhodnius neglectus lent, 1954 (hemiptera, reduviidae)]. | | 1976 | 819981 |
| excretion of alkaloids by malpighian tubules of insects. | nicotine is transported at high rates by malpighian tubules of larvae of manduca sexta, pieris brassicae and rhodnius prolixus and the transport persists in the absence of alkaloid from the diet. in the fluid-secreting portion of rhodnius tubules this transport is not coupled to ion transport, nor is it dependent on the physiological state of the animal. the transport, which can occur against a steep electrochemical gradient, shows saturation kinetics with a maximal rate of 700 pmol. min-1 per t ... | 1976 | 932618 |
| improved rearing of symbiont-free and infected rhodnius prolixus using rabbit-ear warmers and simple microbiological isolators. | | 1975 | 1107660 |
| reproduction, structure and host specificity of trypanosoma (herpetosoms) tamiasi sp. n. from the eastern chipmunk, tamias striatus. | trypanosoma (herpetosoma) tamiasi sp. n. is described from blood and organs of the eastern chipmunk, tamias striatus, and the least chipmunk, eutamias minimus. in experimentally infected tamias striatus and e. minimus, trypanosoma tamiasi reproduced by equal binary fission in the trypo-, sphaero-, epi-, or amastigote form, mainly in lymphoid organs. trypomastigotes developed from amastigotes through epimastigotes, or from sphaeromastigotes, mainly in the same organs. the mean lengths of body ... | 1975 | 1117439 |
| lethal effect of a bait for rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae), the vector of chagas' disease, containing hexachlorocyclohexane (hch), under laboratory conditions. | the lethal effect of a bait containing an aqueous hexachlorocyclohexane (hch) suspension at the concentration of 1g/l and maintained at room temperature was studied in the laboratory over a period of 12 weeks. the suspension was placed in a latex bag hanging inside a 1000-ml beaker tightly covered with nylon netting, and left there with no changes for 85 days. sixteen groups of r. prolixus bugs, consisting on average of 30 specimens each, were successively exposed to the bait and observed at dif ... | 1992 | 1285256 |
| didelphis marsupialis: a primary reservoir of trypanosoma cruzi in urban areas of caracas, venezuela. | direct blood examination and xenodiagnosis of 45 sylvatic, peridomestic or domestic mammals from the caracas valley, venezuela, revealed trypanosome infection in six of the 24 opossums, didelphis marsupialis, collected in urban areas. isolates were successfully made of trypanosomes from four of the opossums, using the parasites which developed in rhodnius prolixus fed on the infected opossums to infect nmri mice. the prepatent period, course of parasitaemia, morphology of bloodstream trypomastig ... | 1992 | 1304702 |
| [the epidemiology of chagas' disease in a rural area of the city of teresina, piauí, brazil]. | in the rural areas of teresina, 129 triatomines were captured distributed in (a) artificial ecotopes; a house with one triatoma brasiliensis, one panstrongylus geniculatus, rhodnius pictipes, and one rhodnius prolixus and in a uninhabited chicken house (7 rhodnius nasutus). (b) natural ecotopes; pahus orbignya martiana (41 rhodnius neglectus, 33 rhodnius prolixus and 41 rhodnius nasutus) and copernicia cerifera (3 rhodnius neglectus). the 22.6% of captured triatomines were infected by flagellate ... | 1992 | 1308066 |
| analytic morphometry of the trypanosoma cruzi (bolivia strain) forms found in the intestine of rhodnius prolixus. | | 1992 | 1308547 |
| effects of azadirachtin on rhodnius prolixus: immunity and trypanosoma interaction. | the effects of azadirachtin, a tetranortriterpenoid from the neem tree azadirachta indica j., on both immunity and trypanosoma cruzi interaction within rhodnius prolixus and other triatomines, were presented. given through a blood meal, azadirachtin affected the immune reactivity as shown by a significant reduction in numbers of hemocytes and consequently nodule formation following challenge with enterobacter cloacae beta 12, reduction in ability to produce antibacterial activities in the hemoly ... | 1992 | 1342719 |
| relative susceptibility of different stages of rhodnius prolixus to the entomopathogenic hyphomycete beauveria bassiana. | laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the relative susceptibility of eggs, 1st-, 3rd-, 5th-instar nymphs and adults of rhodnius prolixus to one isolate of the entomopathogenic hyphomycete, beauveria bassiana. treatments consisted of directly spraying on insects of increasing doses of inoculum (3 x 10(2) to 3 x 10(5) conidia per cm2). mortality due to all doses of conidia was very high in the five tested stages of the target insect. experiments on eggs demonstrated that the fungal isol ... | 1992 | 1343645 |
| [presence of neuraminidase in rhodnius prolixus infected with trypanosoma rangeli]. | using three different methods, the activity of neuraminidase was studied in the promesenteron, postmesenteron, rectal ampulla, haemolymph and salivary glands in 600 rhodnius prolixus experimentally infected with trypanosoma rangeli stock san agustín. the haemagglutination method with peanut lectin, and the fluorescence test with peanut lectin conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate, and the fluorescence emitted by 4-methylumbelliferone showed in all cases the presence of neuraminidase in the ... | 1992 | 1345317 |
| a fmrfamide-like peptide is associated with the myotropic ovulation hormone in rhodnius prolixus. | the protocerebral neurosecretory cells previously shown to be the source of the myotropin controlling ovulation in rhodnius prolixus react in an immunocytochemical assay using an antiserum against fmrfamide. when the same antiserum was injected into fed mated females at the appropriate time the timing of oviposition was delayed, but the total number of eggs developed was unaffected compared to controls injected with pre-immune rabbit serum. the titer of fmrfamide-like peptide (assayed by ria) in ... | 1992 | 1450451 |
| autogeny in three species of triatominae: rhodnius prolixus, triatoma rubrovaria, and triatoma infestans (hemiptera: reduviidae). | autogeny, the capacity of a female to lay eggs without having ingested any blood meal in the adult stage, was studied in three species of triatominae: triatoma infestans, triatoma rubrovaria, and rhodnius prolixus. when nymphs of t. rubrovaria and r. prolixus were fed chicken blood, autogeny occurred frequently, even with only one meal. in t. infestans autogeny was frequent as well, but demanded at least two nymphal blood meals. total number of autogenic eggs was positively correlated with the b ... | 1992 | 1495041 |
| transformation of an insect symbiont and expression of a foreign gene in the chagas' disease vector rhodnius prolixus. | a shuttle plasmid was developed that is capable of replicating both in escherichia coli and in rhodococcus rhodnii, a bacterial symbiont of the chagas' disease vector rhodnius prolixus. we have been able to transform r. rhodnii with this plasmid, infect aposymbiotic r. prolixus with the transformed symbionts, select with the antibiotic thiostrepton, and re-isolate genetically altered symbionts from the insects following successive molts. symbiotic bacteria are potentially valuable as vehicles fo ... | 1992 | 1539755 |
| isozyme variability and differentiation between rhodnius prolixus, r.robustus and r.pictipes, vectors of chagas disease in venezuela. | enzyme polymorphism in triatomine bugs of the genus rhodnius (hemiptera: reduviidae), vectors of chagas disease, is analysed using both starch and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. out of forty-five enzymes assayed, the electromorphs of seventeen of them: ao, ca, dia, es, es-a, fh, gpd, g6pd, gpi, mdh, me, 6pgd, pgm, acon, acph, lap and sod, involving twenty-two putative structural loci, were scorable. these gene-enzyme systems were therefore selected for routine characterization of r.prolixus ... | 1992 | 1600225 |
| lethality of triatomines (hemiptera: reduviidae), vectors of chagas' disease, feeding on blood baits containing synthetic insecticides, under laboratory conditions. | a laboratory study was conducted to test the toxicity of synthetic insecticides added to defibrinated sheep blood kept at room temperature and offered as food to the following triatomine species: triatoma infestans, panstrongylus megistus, triatoma vitticeps, triatoma pseudomaculata, triatoma brasiliensis and rhodnius prolixus. the insecticides used, at a concentration of 1 g/l, were: hch, ddt, malathion and trichlorfon, and the lethalithy observed at the end of a 7-day period varied according t ... | 1991 | 1726952 |
| effects of azadirachtin in rhodnius prolixus: data and hypotheses. | the effects of azadirachtin a, a tetranortriterpenoid from the neem tree azadirachta indica j., on both development and interaction between trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of chagas' disease, and its vector rhodnius prolixus were studied. given through a blood meal, a dose-response relationship of azadirachtin was established using antifeedant effect and ecdysis inhibition as effective parameters. a single dose of azadirachtin a was able to block the onset of mitosis in the epidermis and ... | 1991 | 1841982 |
| the distribution of agglutinins and lytic activity against trypanosoma rangeli and erythrocytes in rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans tissue extracts and haemolymph. | haemolymph, heads, salivary glands, crops, midguts, hindguts, and malpighian tubules from rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans were extracted in phosphate or tris buffer saline with calcium, and tested for agglutination and lytic activities by microtitration against both vertebrate erythrocytes and cultured epimastigote forms of trypanosoma rangeli. haemagglutination activity against rabbit erythrocytes was found in the crop, midgut and hindgut extracts of t. infestans but only in the haemol ... | 1991 | 1842412 |
| [behavior of trypanosoma cruzi strains after passage in different triatominae species]. | to study the influence of the intermediate host stage on the course of mouse infection, trypanosoma cruzi belonging to the peruvian (type i), 12 sf (type ii) and colombian (type iii) strains were passaged through either rhodnius prolixus, panstrongylus megistus or triatoma infestans. t. cruzi metacyclic forms (dose 10(4)) from the different strains were obtained from each bug and inoculated into 8-10 gm mice. comparison was made in mice inoculated with blood forms. parasitaemia curves were plott ... | 1991 | 1845005 |
| the prophenoloxidase system and in vitro interaction of trypanosoma rangeli with rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans haemolymph. | the presence of the prophenoloxidase (propo) system in the haemolymph of rhodnius prolixus and triatoma infestans and the role played by trypanosoma rangeli in the in vitro activation of propo were tested. both r. prolixus and t. infestans whole blood preparations showed a very active propo system. the propo cascade of the two insect species were differentially activated by microbial-derived extracts: laminarin was a better activator of t. infestans haemolymph than of r. prolixus blood, and lipo ... | 1991 | 1956701 |
| tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity in the brain of fifth instar rhodnius prolixus stål (hemiptera: reduviidae). | the distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity was mapped in whole-mount preparations of the brain of fifth instar rhodnius prolixus stål. immunoreactivity was limited to neuronal cell bodies and processes, which were distributed over both ventral and dorsal surfaces of the cns. the brain, excluding the optic lobes, contained about 160 tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive cells. each optic lobe contained two groups of small round cell bodies, which were too numerous to count. ... | 1990 | 1981216 |
| the fate of calcium in the diet of rhodnius prolixus: storage in concretion bodies in the malpighian tubules. | we have investigated the fate of the large amounts of calcium ingested by rhodnius prolixus in its meals of blood. 45ca2+ injected into the haemolymph or fed to fifth-stage rhodnius reared on rabbits is accumulated at high concentrations in the cells of the upper malpighian tubules; very little is excreted from the body this 45ca2+ accumulation goes on continuously for at least 12 days and the rate of uptake is increased several-fold within 3-4 days of a meal. the extent of calcium accumulation ... | 1991 | 2061707 |
| a salivary vasodilator in the blood-sucking bug, rhodnius prolixus. | 1. salivary gland homogenates of the blood-sucking bug, rhodnius prolixus induced transient, dose-dependent relaxation of rabbit aortic preparations pre-constricted with 200 ng ml-1 noradrenaline, 1 microgram ml-1 histamine or 20 ng ml-1 angiotensin ii. such relaxations were less marked when the aorta was constricted by 60 mm kc1. these effects were observed with as little as 0.2 microgram ml-1 of crude salivary gland protein. 2. the vasodilator effect was endothelium-independent, abolished by 5 ... | 1990 | 2085715 |
| comparative studies on the growth and reproductive performances of rhodnius prolixus reared on different blood sources. | host blood source was found to affect both the development and the reproductive performance of rhodnius prolixus. the insects were reared on citrated human, rabbit, chicken, sheep and horse blood sources, through a membrane feeder, during an entire life cycle, from eggs to adults. development and reproduction in terms of the number of unfed insects, number of moulting, mortality intermoulting period, number of egg/female, conversion of blood into egg (mg meal/egg) and percentage of hatch as effe ... | 1990 | 2134703 |
| cyclic amp in the malpighian tubule fluid and in the urine of rhodnius prolixus. | we demonstrate the presence of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) in the fluid secreted by isolated malpighian tubules of rhodnius prolixus. in addition, we show that fifth-instar r. prolixus excrete camp in the urine after a meal of human blood. nonstimulated isolated malpighian tubules secrete small amounts of camp that increase about 10-fold after the addition of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht). 5-ht is known to mimic r. prolixus diuretic hormone. the present findings demonstrate that 5-ht also ... | 1990 | 2153089 |
| development and interactions of trypanosoma rangeli in and with the reduviid bug rhodnius prolixus. | two strains of trypanosoma rangeli and three strains of rhodnius prolixus were used in various combinations to transmit the trypanosomes via the reduviid bug. a persisting infection in the midgut lumen posterior to the stomach resulted in all 2,500 bugs being third and fourth instars. infectious, metacyclic forms developed exclusively in the salivary glands; forms excreted with bug feces were noninfectious to mice. the midgut epithelium was the main barrier to transmission of the parasite. in on ... | 1990 | 2186407 |
| use of total parasite dna probes for the direct detection of trypanosoma cruzi and trypanosoma rangeli in domicilliary rhodnius prolixus. | | 1990 | 2189249 |
| [prolixase, a fibrinolytic enzyme isolated from rhodnius prolixus (heteroptera, reduviidae): antigenic properties]. | antigenic properties of prolixase are studied showing that this fibrinolytic enzyme, induces in the rabbit, the formation of precipitating but slightly, hemagglutinating homologous antibodies. | 1985 | 2418798 |
| biological characterization of a strain of trypanosoma cruzi chagas isolated from a human case of trypanosomiasis in california. | in august 1982, the first autochthonous case of human american trypanosomiasis in california occurred. the isolate, the tuolumne strain of trypanosoma, was infective to young laboratory mice and capable of causing death or chronic disease in these animals. the morphology and mensural characteristics are described. this strain can develop in 2 species of triatominae native to california, triatoma protracta and t. rubida. the flagellates isolated from these insects were infective to vertebrate hos ... | 1989 | 2508500 |
| in vitro cytotoxicity of rhodnius prolixus hemolytic factor and mellitin towards different trypanosomatids. | trypanosoma cruzi strain y and clone dm28c and other trypanosomatids were exposed to two lytic agents, rhodnius prolixus hemolytic factor (rhf) and mellitin, in vitro. in both cases, the result was a significant decrease in the number of parasites after a 30-min treatment at 37 degrees c. rhf and mellitin had distinct activities on different strains and species of trypanosomatids. these observations suggest that rhf may be an important factor in selecting resistant strains of trypanosomes for de ... | 1989 | 2515905 |
| action of activated 27,000 mr toxin from bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis on malpighian tubules of the insect, rhodnius prolixus. | the action of activated 27,000 mr toxin from bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti toxin) on malpighian tubules of rhodnius prolixus has been investigated. its binding to the tubules is slowed by low temperature but is not prevented even at 0 degree c. the binding is less effective at ph 10 than at ph7. pretreatment of the tubules with 0.1 mmol l-1 ouabain or bumetanide or 1 mumol l-1 5-hydroxytryptamine did not affect the toxicity of the toxin. the toxin causes very large changes in the ... | 1989 | 2632587 |
| azadirachtin inhibits trypanosoma cruzi infection of its triatomine insect host, rhodnius prolixus. | | 1989 | 2657439 |
| chagas' disease and its insect vector. effect of azadirachtin a on the interaction of a triatomine host (rhodnius prolixus) and its parasite (trypanosoma cruzi). | the ed50 for moulting inhibition by injected azadirachtin a is for fourth instar larvae of all the triatomines, triatoma vitticepes, t. pseudomaculata, t. maculata, t. brasiliensis, t. lecticularis, t. matogrossensis, t. infestans, rhodnius prolixus. r. neglectus, r. robustus, panstrongylus megistus, and p. herrera in the range of 10-25 ng/larva. in rhodnius prolixus, the survival of t. cruzi was studied after treatment with the drug. if the trypomastigotes were fed in presence of 1.0 microgram ... | 1989 | 2663004 |
| the effects of artificial diets on the anterior intestinal cell ultrastructure of rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera:reduviidae). | mated female rhodnius prolixus were fed diets of washed rabbit erythrocytes (rbc), rabbit plasma, edestin (a plant storage protein) in ringer's or ringer's solution alone. all diets contained 1 mm atp. the effects of these diets on anterior intestinal cell ultrastructure were evaluated and compared to changes induced by normal blood feeding. separation of basal labyrinth membranes was induced earlier after ringer's-feeding than with all other diets. normal modifications of the rough endoplasmic ... | 1989 | 2668208 |
| endpolyploidy and digestion in the midgut of rhodnius prolixus stål (hemiptera: reduviidae). | the feulgen-dna content of the midgut cell nuclei of rhodnius prolixus is estimated by microspectrophotometry. midgut cells contain 23.35-32.16 pg dna/nucleus, which represents an increase of up to 26c when compared to diploid r. prolixus brain tissue. a high copy number cell population disappears from the anterior intestinal cells after feeding, and the presence of a new population of low copy number cells indicates that there may be some regeneration of the midgut epithelium in adult insects, ... | 1989 | 2688578 |
| binding of lectins to culture and vector forms of trypanosoma rangeli tejera, 1920 (protozoa, kinetoplastida) and to structures of the vector gut. | culture forms of trypanosoma rangeli could be agglutinated with canavalia ensiformis (con a) lectin and, less effectively with pisum sativum agglutinin (pea), at a concentration of 200 micrograms/ml. ricinus communis agglutinin i (rca i) agglutinated trypanosomes only if they were not previously washed with physiological ringer's solution. three other lectins did not react with the same parasite forms. direct or indirect lectin-gold labeling techniques were applied to lr-white embedded thin sect ... | 1989 | 2689636 |
| the affinity of the lectins ricinus communis and glycine maxima to carbohydrates on the cell surface of various forms of trypanosoma cruzi and trypanosoma rangeli, and the application of these lectins for the identification of t. cruzi in the feces of rhodnius prolixus. | flagellates of trypanosoma cruzi (stock molino 1), obtained from the intestine of experimentally infected rhodnius prolixus, grown in cellular or acellular culture, as well as from the blood of infected mice, were examined by a direct fluorescence test using the lectins rca (ricinus communis-120) and sba (soy bean agglutinin; glycine maxima), conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate, for the detection of beta-d-galactose and alpha,beta-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine on the membranes of the flagellat ... | 1986 | 2877548 |
| the surface morphology of the midgut cells of rhodnius prolixus stål (hemiptera: reduviidae) during blood digestion. | the surface morphology of the midgut cells of rhodnius prolixus is examined using scanning electron microscopy. before feeding, the microvilli are devoid of any extracellular structures and can be observed in both fracture faces and surface views. by 3 days after feeding, patches of extracellular membrane layers are observed on the surface of the midgut cells and by 7 days the extracellular membrane layers form an incomplete sheet overlying the microvilli, such that the microvilli are no longer ... | 1986 | 2882663 |
| trypanosoma (herpetosoma) leeuwenhoeki in choloepus hoffmanni and didelphis marsupialis of the pacific coast of colombia. | trypanosoma (herpetosoma) leeuwenhoeki, originally described in panamanian sloths, was isolated from didelphis marsupialis (marsupialia) and choloepus hoffmanni (edentata) inhabiting the pacific coast of colombia. trypanosomes were characterized by their large blood forms (total length 51-53 microns), poor infectivity for mice, and lack of development in rhodnius prolixus. isoenzyme studies, with either strains or clones, revealed homogeneous profiles clearly distinct from trypanosoma cruzi and ... | 1989 | 2926591 |
| morphometric analysis of rhodnius prolixus stal (hemiptera:reduviidae) midgut cells during blood digestion. | post-feeding ultrastructural modifications to the midgut cells of rhodnius prolixus are quantified using morphometry. changes in relative and absolute volumes and/or surface areas are demonstrated for the whole cells, nuclei, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, golgi apparatus, storage vesicles, glycogen, microvilli, and basal labyrinth, before and during blood digestion. these parameters are separately determined for cells from each of the three midgut regions, and are correla ... | 1988 | 3043761 |
| [behavior of the infection and morphologic differentiation of trypanosoma cruzi and t. rangeli in the intestine of the vector rhodnius prolixus]. | | 1988 | 3070649 |
| [feeding and defecation patterns in 5th instar nymphs of 4 species of triatomines (rhodnius prolixus, triatoma pallidipennis, t. infestans and t. brasiliensis, hemiptera, reduviidae)]. | | 1988 | 3071060 |
| effects of precocene and azadirachtin on the development of trypanosoma cruzi in rhodnius prolixus. | | 1988 | 3075695 |
| polymorphic organization of the endoplasmic reticulum of the malpighian tubule. evidence for a transcellular route. | isosmotic fluid absorption carried out by many mammalian epithelia appears to be similar to the isosmotic secretion of insect epithelia such as the malpighian tubules, which are responsible for urine formation and osmoregulation. we have studied by electron microscopy (80 kv) the three-dimensional characteristics of organelles in the malpighian tubules of rhodnius prolixus using thick sections (0.3-0.5 microns) and uranyl and lead impregnation. the er presents a different organization in the upp ... | 1987 | 3079270 |
| trypanosoma cruzi and trypanosoma rangeli in saimiri sciureus from bolivia and saguinus mistax from brazil. | examination of blood films for trypanosomes in primates housed at the tulane university delta regional primate research center showed that 47% (32/68) of the bolivian saimiri sciureus and 51% (68/135) of brazilian saguinus mistax harbored one or more types: trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi in 6% to 7% and trypanosoma (herpetosoma) spp. or trypanosoma (megatrypanum) spp. in 39% and 45%, respectively. trypanosomes were isolated from a sample of the infected monkeys and morphobiological studies w ... | 1986 | 3082228 |
| establishment of baseline data on the insecticide susceptibilities of the chagas' disease vector rhodnius prolixus in venezuela. | | 1986 | 3103804 |
| insect-borne and culture-derived metacyclic trypanosoma cruzi: differences in infectivity and virulence. | we report in this paper significant differences in the virulence of insect-derived and cultured metacyclic forms of trypanosoma cruzi which are morphologically indistinguishable. mice infected intraperitoneally with 10(3) metacyclic t. cruzi isolated from rhodnius prolixus showed average parasitemia levels greater than 2 x 10(5) organisms/ml around day 10 post-infection (when first measured) and peak levels recorded on day 16 post-infection exceeded 4 x 10(7) organisms/ml. none of these animals ... | 1987 | 3107410 |
| [method of biological control of triatominae, vectors of chagas disease, using entomopathogenic hyphomycetes. preliminary study]. | bioassays determined the pathogenic activity of 14 strains of 5 entomopathogenic hyphomycetous species (fungi imperfecti), beauveria bassiana, beauveria brongniartii, metarhizium anisopliae, nomuraea rileyi and paecilomyces fumosoroseus to rhodnius prolixus. treatments consisted of direct spraying with conidial titrated suspensions on first instar larvae. when tested at 3 x 10(5) conidia/cm2, only 2 strains, b. bassiana n. 297 and b. bassiana n. 326 killed 100% of larvae at 10 days post-exposure ... | 1987 | 3111731 |
| density-dependent timing of defaecation by rhodnius prolixus, and its implications for the transmission of trypanosoma cruzi. | transmission of trypanosoma cruzi is crucially dependent on the timing of defaecation by their insect vectors. experimental studies on rhodnius prolixus nymphs revealed a negative correlation between blood meal weight and defaecation time. bugs which fed to repletion defaecated on average 7 min after feeding, whereas bugs with interrupted feeds defaecated about 1 h later. as blood meal weight of triatomine bugs is density-dependent, these results suggest that the greatest risk of successful t. c ... | 1987 | 3113007 |
| the initial stages in the action of an insecticidal delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis on the epithelial cells of the malpighian tubules of the insect, rhodnius prolixus. | the effects of the 27 x 10(3) mr insecticidal delta-endotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis have been studied using, as a model system, isolated insect malpighian tubules. at all concentrations of the toxin higher than 1 microgram ml-1 (4 x 10(-8) moll-1) applied to the outer surface of the tubules, fluid secretion failed within about 30 min. except at very high concentrations, where failure always takes at least 30 s, there was an inverse relationship between the concentration of ... | 1988 | 3198707 |
| [antidiuretic mechanism in rhodnius prolixus (stal, 1859) (hemiptera, reduviidae)]. | an antidiuretic mechanism is proposed for rhodnius prolixus, whose activity is manifested when the diuretic phase has terminated and is maintained until the insect has fed again. presumably this mechanism acts at the level of the proximal rectal sphincter and is inhibited by ingestion, mechanical distension of the gut and central disinhibition by decapitation. it is suggested that the antidiuretic activity is maintained by the nervous system and is modified when there is distention of the gut or ... | 1986 | 3302595 |
| [laboratory maintenance of trypanosoma (herpetosoma) rangeli tejera, 1920]. | two laboratory maintenance systems of trypanosoma rangeli were compared. the maintenance by weekly subinoculations in tobie's culture medium and the intrafemoral inoculation of rhodnius prolixus with cultured flagellates, resulted in loss of infectivity of the metacyclic salivarian trypomastigotes for mice, ten months after maintenance in culture. with the system of cyclical passes through culture-rhodnius-mouse-culture-rhodnius, the infectivity of the metacyclic trypomastigotes for mice, was ma ... | 1986 | 3313550 |
| the permeability properties of septate junctions in malpighian tubules of rhodnius. | this paper describes the structural characteristics and permeability properties of the smooth septate junctions between the upper malpighian tubule cells of a blood-sucking bug, rhodnius prolixus. the permeability of the paracellular route was tested only for solutes that could be demonstrated not to cross the epithelium via the cellular route. the intercellular clefts were readily permeated by sucrose, inulin and polyethylene glycol (peg), showing a higher permeability to molecules of smaller r ... | 1987 | 3320067 |
| characterization of inducible lysozyme activity in the hemolymph of rhodnius prolixus. | 1. the characterization and partial purification of an induced lysozyme activity in the hemolymph of adult rhodnius prolixus inoculated with micrococcus lysodeikticus is described. 2. little or no activity against m. lysodeikticus appeared in the first hours after inoculation, but the activity increased reaching a maximum 4 days later, which was maintained to day 12. 3. the activity was characterized as lysozyme on the basis of the following considerations: 1) ph optimum and thermostability at a ... | 1987 | 3330677 |
| studies on trypanosoma rangeli tejera, 1920. ix. course of infection in different stages of rhodnius prolixus. | frequent individual observations od different stages of rhodnius prolixus exposed to trypanosoma rangeli, revealed a higher susceptibility to infection in the bugs exposed during the two first instars. the mortality rate in infected bugs was significantly higher than in controls, indicating that the parasite was responsible for the majority of deaths. an analysis of the mortality distribution, per instar, is presented. statistical analysis of deaths among the different infected instars, showed t ... | 1987 | 3333807 |
| rhodnius neivai: a new experimental vector of trypanosoma rangeli. | rhodnius neivai was as efficient as rhodnius prolixus and rhodnius robustus in transmitting by bite a colombian strain of trypanosoma rangeli following its inoculation into the hemocoel. under conditions of the study the strain of t. rangeli had a high and constant infectivity to the salivary glands of r. prolixus, its natural vector in colombia. six species of triatoma and dipetalogaster maximus likewise inoculated did not develop metatrypomastigotes in the salivary glands. of the 12 known spec ... | 1986 | 3518505 |
| excretion of trypanosoma cruzi by various stages of rhodnius prolixus. | | 1986 | 3528006 |
| species-specific allergens from the salivary glands of triatominae (heteroptera:reduviidae). | we investigated allergenic cross-reactivity among species of the blood-feeding insects of the subfamily triatominae. by skin testing, patients allergic to either triatoma protracta or t. rubida gave positive responses only to the respective salivary antigen. rast-inhibition experiments demonstrated that binding of ige antibodies to t. protracta antigen was not inhibited by salivary extracts from t. rubida, t. cavernicola, t. rubrofasciata, or rhodnius prolixus. the same level of species specific ... | 1986 | 3531291 |
| density-dependent perception of triatomine bug bites. | pots containing different densities of rhodnius prolixus were strapped on to the upper and lower arms and legs of six human volunteers. analysis of the volunteers' perception of the bugs' probing activity showed a clear linear trend of perception according to bug density. comparison with other results suggests that in humans as well as other vertebrate hosts, density dependent irritation from the bug bites and consequent disturbance and interruption of bugs' feeding could provide the mechanism b ... | 1986 | 3541809 |
| predation on rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae) by the spider theridion rufipes (araneida: theridiidae). | | 1987 | 3546692 |
| lack of enzyme polymorphism in trypanosoma rangeli stocks from sylvatic and domiciliary transmission cycles in colombia. | although trypanosoma rangeli is biologically and morphologically distinct from trypanosoma cruzi, these two hemoflagellates are epidemiologically linked. we report the results of enzyme electrophoretic studies of t. rangeli stocks isolated from sylvatic and domiciliary rhodnius prolixus, and infected humans inhabiting foci in which t. cruzi was sympatrically transmitted. t. rangeli stocks displayed electrophoretically detectable polymorphism for only a single enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ic ... | 1987 | 3812885 |
| laboratory repellent tests against rhodnius prolixus (heteroptera: reduviidae). | | 1985 | 3884812 |
| [differentiation between trypanosoma cruzi and t. rangeli in the intestine of the vector rhodnius prolixus, based on the behavior of these flagellates with regard to the lytic activity of complement]. | | 1985 | 3892618 |
| isozyme profiles of trypanosoma cruzi stocks from colombia and ecuador. | a total of 74 of 82 domestic rhodnius prolixus from the same locality in eastern colombia were found to be infected with trypanosoma cruzi or t. rangeli. one of three domestic triatoma dimidiata from ecuador also showed t. cruzi infection. a total of 59 t. cruzi stocks from these and five other localities in colombia were isolated from man, marsupials and triatomine bugs. cellulose-acetate electrophoresis of nine or ten enzymes characterized all t. cruzi stocks as zymodeme 1 (reference clone sil ... | 1985 | 3896169 |
| parasitism of telenomus costalimai (hymenoptera: scelionidae) on rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae) under laboratory conditions: effects of density. | | 1985 | 3908680 |
| feeding, molting, and egg production in rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae) fed repeatedly on the same swiss mouse hosts. | | 1985 | 3908681 |
| a protein diet initiates oogenesis in rhodnius prolixus. | oogenesis in r. prolixus females is induced by feeding blood, blood plasma, a suspension of washed erythrocytes, or 5% solutions of egg albumin, bovine serum albumin or hemoglobin. unfed females and those fed saline, casein hydrolysate, dextran or sucrose do not initiate oogenesis. the juvenile hormone analogue epoxygeranylgeraniol methyl ester induced oogenesis in unfed females as well as in ethoxyprecocene ii-treated insects. the results show that a protein meal was sufficient to initiate ooge ... | 1985 | 3913479 |
| [natural hosts of trypanosoma cruzi in french guiana. high endemicity of zymodeme 1 in wild marsupials]. | during an epidemiological survey in french guiana, three species of marsupiala were found infected by trypanosoma cruzi with high infection rates (30,8% for didelphis marsupialis). six triatomine bug species were recorded, five of them being well known vectors of chagas' disease. iso-enzyme characterization of 22 stocks isolated (16 from d. marsupialis, 3 from philander opossum and 3 from rhodnius prolixus) revealed that they were all related to zymodeme 1 of miles. the silvatic cycle is endemic ... | 1985 | 3923891 |
| trypanosoma (herpetosoma) rangeli tejera, 1920: mouse model for high, sustained parasitemia. | the neotropical mammalian parasite trypanosoma (herpetosoma) rangeli tejera, 1920 is difficult to study due to the scarcity of blood forms in the vertebrate host. high and persistent parasitemias (up to 7 times the original inoculum at the peak, and persisting for up to 2 wk) were obtained by i.p. inoculation of infant (6.0 g) male white mice (nmri strain) with 15 x 10(3) trypomastigotes/g body weight from 12-day-old cultures of the "dog-82" strain of t. rangeli. this strain was cultured 15 mo a ... | 1985 | 4032147 |
| trypanosoma cruzi infections in rhodnius prolixus refed on different hosts. | | 1973 | 4201999 |
| [findings of rhodnius prolixus eggs naturally parasitized by microhymenoptera]. | | 1973 | 4202000 |
| studies on the development of rhodnius prolixus and the effects of its symbiote nocardia rhodnii. | | 1974 | 4208144 |
| investigations on a plasminogen activator in two blood-suckers, rhodnius prolixus stål and hirudo medicinalis. | | 1966 | 4222073 |
| a new approach to the problem of the role of the obligatory symbiotic nocardia sp. of rhodnius prolixus. | | 1972 | 4262757 |
| [electron microscopic studies on the life cycle of trypanosoma cruzi with special reference to developmental forms in the vector rhodnius prolixus]. | | 1968 | 4388645 |
| an experimental approach to the study of drugs in invertebrate systems. i. mass feeding of rhodnius prolixus stål (hemiptera, reduviidae). | | 1973 | 4572200 |